enhanced driver's license travel

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How to get a REAL ID and use it for travel

The REAL ID Act is a law that sets higher security standards for state-issued driver's licenses and identification cards (IDs).

Why upgrade your license to a REAL ID?

Beginning May 7, 2025, if you have not upgraded your driver’s license or state-issued ID to be REAL ID-compliant, you will not be able to use it to:

• Board federally regulated commercial aircraft
• Access federal government facilities or military installations
• Enter nuclear power plants

Visit the REAL ID website for more details and frequently asked questions .

Check to see if your license or state ID is already REAL ID-compliant

If your driver's license or state ID has a star in the upper right-hand corner, it is already REAL-ID-compliant. There is nothing more you need to do.

How to get a REAL ID

When you apply for or renew your driver’s license or state identification card, you can choose to make it REAL ID-compliant. Find and visit your state's driver's licensing agency website to see what documentation you will need. Your new card will have the REAL ID star marking at the top right.

Using REAL ID and other ID options to board a plane

If you do not upgrade your license or state ID, you can use a passport or one of these other acceptable forms of identification to fly . 

Can you still get a non-REAL ID-compliant license or state ID?

You will still be able to get a driver's license or state ID card that is not REAL ID-compliant. But you will not be able to use it for air travel or to get into federal facilities or military installations. Find and visit your state's driver's licensing agency website to see how to get a non-REAL ID-compliant license or state ID.

LAST UPDATED: December 18, 2023

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Enhanced Driver's License for International Travel

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A State-issued Enhanced Driver's License (EDL) provides travelers not only a license to drive but also a proof of identity and citizenship when exiting and re-entering the United States borders.

  This card was created under the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) to provide a convenient, yet secure way for travelers from certain border states to enter and exit the country. That said, there are limits to what countries can you visit with an enhanced license.

An EDL provides travelers with a low-cost to a passport for entering the United States from Canada , Mexico or the Caribbean through a land or sea port of entry.

An EDL qualifies as a REAL-ID that can be used for domestic air travel in the US. However, an EDL cannot be used for international air travel, nor can it be used for domestic air travel within the borders of any of the countries mentioned above.

What does an Enhanced Driver's License offer?

The top 39 land ports of entry in and out of the US (which service over 95% of all U.S. land border crossings each year) are equipped with RFID-reading technology. This helps facilitate speedy travel for those presenting EDLs or one of the other RFID-enabled documents. The MRZ barcode is available as a backup to CBP officials if a particular port-of-entry does not have access to RFID or there is an RFID malfunction.

Scanning either the RFID or MRZ on an enhanced license is as fast if not faster than processing a traditional passport. An EDL is also significantly more durable and convenient than a passport book. As a result, an EDL can make life easier for both travelers and border officials - particularly for travelers who cross the border frequently.

How to apply for Enhanced Driver's License?

The application for an Enhanced Driver's License depends on where you live. It is currently only available to residents of the following states:

If you live in a state without an EDL option (like this reader realized ), you're not totally out of luck. For travelers in other states seeking similar convenience, consider applying for a U.S. Passport Card .

If you meet the residency requirements, applying for an EDL is nearly identical to applying for a standard driver's license in most participating states:

• If you have never been licensed, you must successfully complete the written knowledge and driving skills tests before a license can be issued. Although driver education is not required for individuals 18 and older, it is highly recommended.
• If you have a current driver's license, you can apply for the EDL once you renew your license or extend expiration date.
• You must supply the required documentation including some combination of Social Security, proof of identity, US citizenship, and residency.
• In case of a name change, present lawful and valid proof with your application.
• You must have no violations, suspensions, revocations or denials on your driving record that would prevent you from legally operating a motor vehicle.

Note: In Some states you may be required to undergo an interview to receive an EDL.

Once you have completed the application, your biometrics and photos have been taken, and you have signed the necessary declaration papers, you will be issued a temporary operator's permit or a temporary enhanced ID. This permit is not valid for crossing the border - only for identification.

Your enhanced license is valid for up to four years and should arrive in the mail within two to three weeks. The validity of the Enhanced License typically matches the validity of your regular Driver's license.

Enhanced Driver's License Costs

An EDL usually costs more than a standard-issue driver's licence.

See the current fees below (Updated 2021):

• Michigan: $45 ($38 for renewal)
• Minnesota: $15 in addition to the $51 fee required for your Class A driver's license
• New York: $30 in addition to regular driver's license fees (fees vary by age)
• Vermont: $30 in addition to the standard fees for licenses and/or non-driver ID (fees vary by validity length).
• Washington: $113 (covers application and issuance fee)

In most cases, fees can be paid by wither cash, check, money order, or major credit card.

Learn More About EDL Applications in Your State

For the most up-to-date requirements and applications for an EDL in participating states, visit the relevant DMV home pages offices below:

• Michigan: any Secretary of the State Office
• Minnesota: at select Driver License Exam Stations
• New York: any Department of Motor Vehicle (DMV) office
• Vermont: any Vermont DMV office
• Washington: any EDL/EID office

Get the Latest Updates

The 2025 Real ID deadline for new licenses is really real this time, DHS says

If you plan on flying around the country in 2025 and beyond, you might want to listen up.

You have about 365 days to make your state-issued driver’s license or identification “Real ID” compliant, per the Department of Homeland Security.  

The Real ID compliance is part of a larger act passed by Congress in 2005 to set “minimum security standards” for the distribution of identification materials, including driver’s licenses. Which means that certain federal agencies, like TSA or DHS, won’t be able to accept state-issued forms of identification without the Real ID seal.

It's taken a while for the compliance to stick, with DHS originally giving a 2020 deadline before pushing it back a year, then another two years and another two years after that due to “backlogged transactions” at MVD offices nationwide, according to previous USA TODAY reporting.

You won’t be able to board federally regulated commercial aircrafts, enter nuclear power plants or access certain facilities if your identification documents aren’t Real ID compliant by May 7, 2025. 

Learn more: Best travel insurance

Here’s what we know about Real ID’s, including where to get one and why you should think about getting one.

Do I have to get a Real ID?

Not necessarily. 

If you have another form of identification that TSA accepts, then there probably isn’t an immediate reason obtain one, at least for travel purposes. But if you don’t have another form of identification and would like to travel around the country in the near future, you should try to obtain one. 

Here are all the other TSA-approved forms of identification:

• State-issued Enhanced Driver’s License
• U.S. passport
• U.S. passport card
• DHS trusted traveler cards (Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI, FAST)
• U.S. Department of Defense ID, including IDs issued to dependents
• Permanent resident card
• Border crossing card
• An acceptable photo ID issued by a  federally recognized , Tribal Nation/Indian Tribe
• HSPD-12 PIV card
• Foreign government-issued passport
• Canadian provincial driver's license or Indian and Northern Affairs Canada card
• Transportation worker identification credential
• U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services Employment Authorization Card (I-766)
• U.S. Merchant Mariner Credential
• Veteran Health Identification Card (VHIC)

However, federal agencies “may only accept” state-issued driver’s license or identification cards that are Real ID compliant if you are trying to gain access to a federal facility. That includes TSA security checkpoints.

Enhanced driver’s licenses, only issued by Washington, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, and Vermont, are considered acceptable alternatives to REAL ID-compliant cards, according to DHS. 

What can I use my Real ID for?

For most people, it's all about boarding flights.

You can only use your Real ID card to obtain access to "nuclear power plants, access certain facilities, or board federally regulated commercial aircrafts," according to DHS.

The cards can't be used to travel across any border, whether that's Canada, Mexico, or any other international destinations, according to DHS.

How do I get a Real ID? What does a Real ID look like?

All you have to do to get a Real ID is to make time to head over to your local department of motor vehicles.

Every state is different, so the documents needed to verify your identity will vary.  DHS says that at minimum, you will be asked to produce your full legal name, date of birth, social security number, two proofs of address of principal residence and lawful status.

The only difference between the state-issued forms of identification you have now and the Real ID compliant card you hope to obtain is a unique marking stamped in the right-hand corner. The mark stamped on your Real ID compliant cards depends on the state.

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The REAL ID Act: What It Means, State by State Requirements, and Updates [2024]

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What Is the REAL ID Act?

What does a real id look like, what does real id mean for me, what the real id act is not, common reasons to obtain a real id, reasons you may not need a real id, who can get a real id, what if my state is real id-compliant, which states require real id to fly, common problems with obtaining a real id, can i transfer my real id between states, is real id mandatory to fly, potential state revenue, what about minors under 18, final thoughts.

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You may have noticed Transportation Security Administration signs posted at airport security checkpoints warning travelers about upcoming ID requirement changes. So what exactly are these changes, and what do you need to do to be ready?

We’ll break down exactly how REAL ID works — including what the REAL ID Act means for you and how you travel.

Formulated in the wake of September 11 and passed by Congress in 2005, the REAL ID Act was passed to “set standards for the issuance of sources of identification, such as driver’s licenses.”

The act established minimum security standards for state-issued driver’s licenses and identification cards and it prohibits federal agencies from accepting licenses and identification cards for official purposes from states that do not meet these standards.

It was aimed at thwarting airline terrorism by increasing requirements to obtain documents that grant access to domestic planes.

State agencies that issue licenses and identification cards, like the Department of Motor Vehicles, require more paperwork regarding proof of residency and Social Security numbers to obtain standard licenses under the new act.

The cards also use new technology, making them much more difficult to forge.

Due to various roadblocks and the COVID-19 pandemic, it will have taken the federal government nearly 20 years to implement the act fully — a gradual process that has been met by some confusion as each state has a different status. The original date of compliance was October 1, 2020. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the deadline was first delayed to October 1, 2021, then to May 3, 2023, and now to May 7, 2025. All states must comply by May 7, 2025 .

We know a lot of travelers are concerned that they will lose the ability to fly, drive, or vote as a result of the REAL ID Act, but this isn’t the case. You can continue to use your regular license or identification to drive and vote without obtaining a REAL ID.

The change will only impact domestic travel in the U.S. and you will either need to provide an alternate form of TSA-approved ID or obtain a REAL ID.

Bottom Line: To fly internationally, you will always need your passport.

In most states, there is a gold or black star on the front of the REAL ID license that signifies compliance. If you see one of these stars, then you’re good to go.

There are 5 states — Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Vermont, and Washington — that issue enhanced driver’s licenses (EDLs). These are a form of REAL ID. These EDLs allow land and sea border crossings to Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Michigan, Minnesota, New York, and Vermont offer the EDL as an option. Washington only issues EDLs.

Hot Tip:  Enhanced IDs aren’t a substitute for passports for air travel, only land or sea travel.

An easy way to know your card is not compliant is if it says “Not for Federal Identification,” “Federal Limits Apply,” or “Not for Real ID Act Purposes.”

Airports are considered federal facilities and this act affects your ability to enter them and board your flight.

Starting May 7, 2025, the REAL ID Act takes full effect. From this date, every state and territory resident will need to present a REAL ID-compliant license or ID or another acceptable form of identification such as a passport or passport card to access federal facilities — including boarding commercial aircraft.

Most states and territories have already begun issuing new licenses. You will have until May 7, 2025, to obtain a REAL ID-compliant license. Just check your license to be sure.

If your ID is REAL ID-compliant, there will be a star in the top right corner. Many drivers may not realize they already have a compliant ID since some states have issued them for many years.

Bottom Line: If you are not in compliance with the REAL ID Act, you will need to show an alternative form of acceptable identification for domestic air travel to board your flight starting on May 7, 2025.

A REAL ID is NOT a substitute for a passport for international travel . This means you can’t use a REAL ID to enter Canada or Mexico by land or any international travel destination. The only exception to this is if you have an enhanced driver’s license — more on this below!

There are several other requirements that REAL ID doesn’t affect.

REAL ID requirements don’t apply to:

• Voting or registering to vote
• Applying for or receiving federal benefits
• Being licensed by a state to drive or rent a car
• Entering federal facilities that do not require identification (including a defendant’s access to court proceedings, national parks, and Social Security offices)
• Accessing health- or life-preserving services (including hospitals and health clinics)
• Participating in law enforcement proceedings or investigation
• The ability to purchase alcohol, cash checks, or gamble

You can also continue to use your standard driver’s license or ID card for other U.S. travel including driving in and across state lines or riding a train.

Who Needs a REAL ID?

In most instances, obtaining a REAL ID isn’t required, but there are many benefits to obtaining a REAL ID. Here is a breakdown of some common reasons to consider getting a REAL ID and a few reasons why you might not need one.

• You want to fly with only your state-issued ID
• You don’t have a passport or another TSA-approved ID (listed below)
• You need to visit a secure federal facility, such as a military base, and don’t have a military ID
• You are under 18 years old
• You only need your ID for purposes of identification (ie. to vote, serve on a jury, or drive)
• You don’t mind bringing another TSA-approved ID (like a passport) along when you fly starting on May 7, 2025

To qualify for a REAL ID-compliant ID or license, you must fall under one of the following categories:

• U.S. citizen or national
• U.S. lawful permanent resident or lawful temporary resident (including green card holders)
• Have conditional permanent resident status in the U.S. (including individuals with valid work permits, like H1B visas)
• Have an approved asylum application or entered under refugee status
• Have a valid, unexpired nonimmigrant visa
• Have a pending application for asylum
• Have a pending or approved temporary protected status
• Have an approved deferred action status (including DACA)
• Have a pending application for adjustment of status to that of lawful permanent or conditional resident

Specifically, for undocumented immigrants, the DHS website notes that driver’s licenses and identification cards can still be issued by the state, but not REAL IDs: “Some states currently issue noncompliant cards to undocumented individuals. Noncompliant cards must clearly state on their face that they are not acceptable for REAL ID purposes and must use a unique design or color to differentiate them from compliant cards.”

Hot Tip: Still not sure? Check DHS’s interactive tool to check if you are “REAL ID Ready”.

REAL ID by State

Since licenses are issued at the state level, each process is slightly different. But the good news is that all states are in compliance with the REAL ID Act. This just means that each state and territory is now able to provide REAL IDs.

In a move aimed to help more people receive their REAL IDs before the May 7, 2025, deadline, the DHS passed the REAL ID Modernization Act that allows you to submit your identification documents electronically . This includes information such as a birth certificate and passport.

Applicants will still need to bring the required documents in person so they can be compared to the electronic submissions. This means that to get a REAL ID-compliant license, you must still physically go to a DMV office.

Bottom Line: States will not send you a REAL ID-compliant license automatically if you renew your license online. While most states are issuing compliant IDs, individuals may still choose not to upgrade their licenses.

You will be able to use your state-issued ID at airports through May 7, 2025. After May 7, 2025, you will need a REAL ID (or another TSA-approved ID) to fly — both domestically and internationally.

All states issue REAL ID-compliant IDs, but none require a REAL ID. You can still fly as long as you have a TSA-approved form of ID. When comparing a REAL ID to a state ID, they can be the same form of identification.

Steps To Take To Get a Compliant REAL ID

If you’ve decided you’d like to get a REAL ID, you’ll definitely want to know where to go to get a REAL ID, what documents to bring, and how much the REAL ID costs.

Step 1: Make an appointment to visit a REAL ID at a DMV field office near you. Some offices are offering special hours or days for those trying to get a REAL ID before May 7, 2025. You can also get a REAL ID without an appointment, but this isn’t recommended as wait times at your local office can be incredibly long.

Here are the links to all of the local offices to help you get started with this process.

Step 2: On the day of your appointment, ensure you bring all the necessary documents (even if you have submitted documents online beforehand).

What Real ID Documents Do I Need?

• Proof of identity, such as a certified copy of a U.S. birth certificate, U.S. passport, employment authorization document, permanent resident card, or foreign passport with an approved form I-94
• Proof of your Social Security number, such as an SSN card, W-2, or paystub with full SSN
• At least 2 proof of residency documents, such as a rental or lease agreement, mortgage bill, utility bill or employment, medical, or school document
• If applicable, an original or certified copy of a name change document, such as a marriage certificate or divorce decree, may be required

If you have any issues or concerns with obtaining any of the documents or seeing if an item will be accepted, we suggest checking directly with your local DMV.

Step 3: Pay the fee for the license. This will vary by state but is generally less than $60. Check our graphic under “How Much Does a REAL ID Cost?” below for specific costs.

There are a lot of questions about what is and isn’t an appropriate document to bring along with you to obtain a REAL ID. Issues like not having a mailing address, having a name change, or having a temporary or expired license are common problems. Also, getting a REAL ID without key documents such as a birth certificate, Social Security card, or passport can be a challenge.

If you’re unsure, we always recommend reaching out to your state’s license-issuing office directly before you head to your appointment!

Some states, like California, offer a l ist of documents that are accepted for each category. This is a good place to start when gathering your documents. Look for notes about when copies or originals are necessary and read recommendations for alternatives if you don’t have the recommended residency documents or if you use a P.O. Box.

No, you can’t transfer your REAL ID between states. Unfortunately, federal requirements don’t allow for the transfer of a REAL ID license between states. Each state is required to view and image all documentation upon original issuance in that state.

This means that when you move, you will need to go in person to present the same documentation such as a U.S. birth certificate or passport, Social Security card, and 2 proofs of residence address, as well as meet all of your new state’s issuance requirements.

On a positive note, REAL ID licenses from other states can typically be used like any other out-of-state driver’s license to waive behind-the-wheel driving tests.

As of May 2022, an estimated 137 million Americans held REAL ID-compliant driver’s licenses, U.S. passports, passport cards, military IDs, and Global Entry cards, all of which qualify as REAL ID-compliant identification. But, according to the most recent reports from the government , that is only 49% of Americans!

This means that you don’t have to upgrade your license to board your flight, but you will have to use an alternative (TSA-approved) form of ID. TSA currently accepts several other forms of identity documents:

As you can see, the most common alternatives to a REAL ID is a U.S. passport or a U.S. passport card .

Other less common items are DHS Trusted Traveler cards ( Global Entry , NEXUS , SENTRI , FAST), permanent resident cards, Department of Defense IDs, enhanced driver’s licenses, and federally recognized tribal-issued photo IDs.

For more information on acceptable forms of identification for boarding aircraft, please see  TSA’s website . However, it should be noted that if on or after May 7, 2025, you cannot provide an acceptable form of identification, you will not be permitted through the security checkpoint to board your flight.

How Much Does a REAL ID Cost?

REAL ID prices vary significantly throughout the country. Prices are set by the state, along with the process for getting a REAL ID. Below is a map with information on the cost and process in each state.

We were interested in estimating just how much revenue states might be bringing in due to the new REAL IDs. For this, we used the cost from the above numbers and multiplied them by the estimated number of drivers in each state, according to information from the Department of Transportation and Federal Highway Administration.

This estimation is based on what we would consider the max possible revenue (if every driver in each state got a new license for the REAL ID Act). Because the new IDs are not mandatory, we understand that not everyone may get one. However, this is an approximation of revenue.

TSA does not require children under 18 to provide identification when traveling with a companion within the U.S. The companion will need acceptable identification, though.

Airlines may demand proof of the child’s age, such as a birth certificate or passport, but these requirements aren’t regulated by TSA. Contact the airline for more information.

Now is the time to make sure you know the requirements to be REAL ID-compliant.

In some states, it may take a few weeks or longer to get an appointment at your local DMV. By taking steps towards compliance now, you can avoid the last-minute rush and be ready to go long before May 7, 2025.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the real id card.

A REAL ID is a form of identification that meets increased security standards for state-issued driver’s licenses and identification cards. Travelers will be required to provide either a REAL ID or another TSA-approved form of identification to fly after May 7, 2025.

Which states have REAL ID?

Currently, all states are either in compliance with the REAL ID Act or have an extension in place. This means that they are currently able to issue REAL IDs.

While all states are issuing REAL IDs, you can still get a non-REAL ID license as well. Be sure you know what you are getting when you show up!

Do you need a REAL ID to fly?

A REAL ID is a valid form of identification you can use to fly. However, there are many other TSA-approved forms of identification that are also acceptable. You will still need your U.S. passport to travel internationally.

Do I need a REAL ID to fly domestic?

No, a REAL ID isn’t required to fly within the United States. However, starting on May 7, 2025, you will need a REAL ID or another TSA-approved form of identification to fly within the U.S.

Be sure to check out our graphic above for other documents that will be accepted at airport security if you don’t have a REAL ID.

Will REAL ID work as a passport?

If you are traveling internationally, you still need your U.S. passport, as a REAL ID does not replace your passport. If you are traveling domestically, you will only need 1 valid form of identification — either your REAL ID or your passport, not both.

What documents are needed for a REAL ID?

States require you to go to your local DMV and present 1) proof of identity, 2) proof of your Social Security number, 3) 2 proof of residency documents, and 4) if applicable, a proof of name change document.

See our checklist above for examples of each of these items as well as more information on how to obtain a REAL ID.

Do my kids need a REAL ID?

TSA does not require children under 18 to provide identification when traveling with a companion within the U.S. So as long as you have your documents in order, kids will not need a REAL ID.

What is the purpose of REAL ID?

According to the DHS, the purpose of the REAL ID Act “is to make our identity documents more consistent and secure.” It provides a set of standards for the issuance of driver’s licenses and other identity documents.

Can I fly with my regular ID?

You can fly with your regular ID until May 7, 2025. Following that date, you will either need a REAL ID or another TSA-approved form of ID.

How long do REAL IDs last?

This varies by state. However, REAL IDs have the same validity as other state-issued driver’s licenses. This is typically anywhere from 3 to 8 years depending on your state and age. Here is a comprehensive list  by state and age.

Is the REAL ID like a driver's license?

A REAL ID can be the same document as your driver’s license. But not all driver’s licenses are REAL IDs.

We know this can be complicated, but a REAL ID driver’s license has additional technology, making it harder to forge. In addition, you must provide additional verification documents (such as multiple forms of ID and residence proof) to get a REAL ID.

Can a REAL ID be used as a passport?

A REAL ID cannot be used for international travel. You must still have your passport to travel internationally.

What is REAL ID vs. enhanced ID?

An enhanced ID is a type of REAL ID for U.S. citizens who live in Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Vermont, and Washington. Canadian citizens residing in British Columbia and Manitoba are eligible for EDLs.

In addition to serving as a driver’s license, enhanced IDs are a convenient way to get into Canada, Mexico, or the Caribbean through a land or sea port of entry (not by air).

What is a REAL ID vs. a passport card?

A passport card can be used for entering the U.S. at land border crossings and sea ports of entry from Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda. You can also use it to fly domestically as an alternative to a REAL ID, but not for any international flights.

You still need a driver’s license to drive a motor vehicle.

What does "not for Real ID Act purposes" mean?

“Not for Real ID Act purposes” means that the ID can’t be used for identification for a domestic flight (from May 7, 2025) or to enter a federal facility such as a military base.

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About Christy Rodriguez

After having “non-rev” privileges with Southwest Airlines, Christy dove into the world of points and miles so she could continue traveling for free. Her other passion is personal finance, and is a certified CPA.

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Will TSA Accept My Enhanced Driver’s Licenses at the TSA Security Checkpoint?

If you live in Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Vermont or Washington, you may be wondering if your enhanced driver’s license will be accepted at the security checkpoint come October 1, 2020.

The short answer is, yes! State-issued enhanced driver’s licenses are acceptable to verify your identity at the TSA checkpoint.

State-issued enhanced driver’s licenses – EDLs for short – are issued using a secure process and include technology to make travel easier. States close to the United States border can issue EDLs to comply with the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative ensuring all travelers crossing borders are using acceptable IDs that denote identity and citizenship when entering the United States. Some states issue both REAL ID-compliant licenses and EDLs: Michigan, Vermont, Minnesota, and New York. Washington state only issues EDLs.

Starting October 1, 2020, every passenger will need to present a REAL ID-compliant driver’s license, EDL, or another acceptable form of identification (such as a passport), to board federally regulated commercial aircraft within the U.S. See the list of acceptable IDs at tsa.gov .

REAL ID is important! It prevents individuals from using fraudulent identification to board a plane, for example. REAL ID full enforcement will begin October 1, 2020, so travelers should prepare to bring proper identification to get through security.

For more information on REAL ID, visit tsa.gov/real-id . Visit your state’s driver’s licensing agency website to find out how to obtain a REAL ID or EDL.

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The purpose of this blog is to share the latest news and helpful information with the public. If you have questions about TSA or the information presented here, please contact our AskTSA customer care team on Twitter  or Facebook .

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Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative

What is the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI)?

WHTI is the joint Department of State (DOS) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) plan to implement a key 9/11 Commission recommendation and the statutory mandates of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (IRTPA). IRTPA, in part, required the DHS and DOS to develop and implement a plan to require all travelers, U.S. citizens and foreign nationals alike, to present a passport or other acceptable document that denotes identity and citizenship when entering the United States.

What is the goal of requiring secure documents?

The goal is to strengthen border security while facilitating entry into the United States for U.S. citizens and legitimate international travelers, making the process more efficient and convenient.

What types of documents are accepted for entry into the United States via air?

• U.S. citizens can present a valid: U.S. Passport; Trusted Traveler Program card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST); U.S. Military identification card when traveling on official orders; U.S. Merchant Mariner document when traveling in conjunction with official maritime business. Note that children are also required to present their own passport when traveling by air. (note: The Indian/tribal card can NOT be used for air travel).
• Requirements for lawful permanent residents of the United States are not changed by the implementation of WHTI. Lawful permanent residents must continue to present a valid Permanent Resident Card. A passport is not required.

What types of documents are accepted for entry into the United States via land and sea?

• U.S. citizens can present a valid: U.S. Passport; Passport Card; Enhanced Driver’s License; Trusted Traveler Program card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST); U.S. Military identification card when traveling on official orders; U.S. Merchant Mariner document when traveling in conjunction with official maritime business; or Form I-872 American Indian Card, or (when available) Enhanced Tribal Card.
• U.S. and Canadian citizen children under the age of 16 (or under 19, if traveling with a school, religious group, or other youth group) need only present a birth certificate or other proof of citizenship. The birth certificate can be original, photocopy, or certified copy.
• WHTI does not affect U.S. Lawful Permanent Residents, who are still required to present their permanent resident card (Form I-551) or other valid evidence of permanent residence status.
• Canadian citizens can present a valid passport, Enhanced Driver’s License, or Trusted Traveler Program card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST).
• Bermudian citizens are required to present a valid passport.
• Mexican citizens, including children, are required to present a passport with visa, or a Border Crossing Card.
• U.S. citizens on closed-loop cruises (cruises that begin and end at the same U.S. port) are able to enter the United States with a birth certificate and government-issued photo ID. Please be aware that you may still be required to present a passport to enter the countries your cruise ship is visiting. Check with your cruise line to ensure you have the appropriate documents.

What is an enhanced driver’s license?

State-issued enhanced drivers licenses (EDLs) provide proof of identity and U.S. citizenship, are issued in a secure process, and include technology that makes travel easier. They provide travelers with a low-cost, convenient alternative for entering the United States from Canada, Mexico or the Caribbean through a land or sea port of entry, in addition to serving as a permit to drive.

The Department has been working with states to enhance their driver’s licenses and identification documents to comply with travel rules under the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI), effective June 1, 2009.

How do I get a passport?

United States citizens can visit the State Department’s travel website or call the U.S. National Passport Information Center at (877) 4USA-PPT; TDD/TTY: (888) 874-7793.

What if I don’t have the required documents when I travel to or return to the United States?

Travelers without WHTI-compliant documents are likely to be delayed at the border as CBP officers work to verify identity and citizenship.

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Guide to Enhanced Driver Licenses (EDL)

Get in-depth information on EDLs and learn about Radio Frequency Identification RFID.

Where you can use your Enhanced Driver License

You can use your Enhanced Driver License (EDL) as identification in the following ways:

Using your EDL return to the U.S.

You can use your EDL to return to the U.S. by land or by sea only . For more information about:

• U.S. requirements: visit the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) website
• Canadian requirements: visit the Canada Border Services Agency website

Using your EDL to board a plane

You can use your EDL to board domestic flights. It isn't accepted for international flights.

Registering to vote

We'll register you to vote, or we'll update your voter registration when you get an EDL. If you don't want to register to vote when you get your EDL, we'll give you the opportunity to decline. See RCW 46.20.156 for more information, or read about voter registration eligibility .

Getting your enhanced driver license (EDL)

See what steps to take to get an EDL.

Where to get your EDL

You must make an appointment to apply in person at one of our driver licensing office locations. Our staff will interview you. You'll need to provide documents to prove your citizenship, identity, and residence. You'll also have your photograph taken.

Documentation

When you apply for your EDL, you must establish (or re-establish) your identity, U.S. citizenship, and WA residence.

• Use our helpful tool to find out which documents you'll need
• Get a checklist in Español: Solicitando una licencia o identificación mejorada en Washington

When to expect your EDL

You should get your EDL within 2-3 weeks after we approve your application.

Residency and citizenship requirements

You must be a resident of Washington State and show us proof of residency when you apply. Only United States citizens who can provide proof of citizenship are eligible for an EDL. You can't use a green card or work visa to get an EDL.

If you are living in Washington while on active military service and have a license from another state, you can get an EDL if you:

• Surrender your out of state license
• Are a resident of Washington State
• Show us proof of residency and citizenship when you apply

Security and privacy

The federal government designed the EDL with enhancements that are industry best practices. This includes:

• An icon on the front of the card to show it is an EDL.
• A machine-readable zone like a bar code on the back of the card that a border agent can scan like a passport.
• For more information about RFID tags, see Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) below.

Data security

We work hard to keep your personal information secure. We do this by:

• Encrypting personal identifying information transmitted between Washington State and the border agent
• Using a dedicated and secure circuit to send the unique reference number in your EDL to the Customs and Border Protection network
• Using a closed and secure network design, including firewalls
• Limiting and controlling access to the network, network equipment, and data centers
• Recognizing the network address of an information query as a legitimate requestor
• Rejecting requests from all unrecognized network addresses

Only our employees who have passed a thorough background check have access to your personal information. By law, we can't share this information with anyone. We'll share this information if a court requires us to give it to a law enforcement agency.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

Radio Frequency Identification is a wireless technology that stores and retrieves data remotely. An RFID system can include:

• An RFID tag with a microchip
• An antenna embedded in a card or other item
• An RFID reader

The federal government requires RFID technology in ID cards used to re-enter the United States. This helps speed up identification checks at the border. Each EDL contains an RFID tag like the one used in U.S. passports.

To learn more, see What is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) .

How does it work?

• The RFID tag embedded in your EDL/EID contains a unique reference number. At the border crossing station, an RFID reader uses electromagnetic waves to collect the number.
• The reader converts the radio waves sent back from the RFID tag into digital information. It then transmits it to the Customs and Border Protection network. Data encryption, secure networks, and firewalls protect the information while it's in transit.
• The network compares the reference number to our records. This verifies that your identity matches the information printed on the front of your EDL/EID card.

RFID and security

For extra security and convenience when crossing the border, each EDL/EID has an ultra-high frequency passive vicinity RFID tag in it. We use this type of tag because:

• Ultra-high frequencies offer better range and can transfer data faster.
• Passive RFID tags are more secure because they don't have a power source. They can't send information until they get power from the RFID reader.
• Vicinity RFID tags are faster and easier to use because readers can scan them from several feet away.

The RFID tag embedded in your card doesn't contain any personal identifying information. It only has a unique reference number. The tag doesn't have a power source and can't send data. An RFID reader at the border crossing station sends radio waves to the tag in your card. It collects the reference number so the system can match it to our records. This helps to verify the information printed on the front of your card.

Tampering with or deactivating the RFID tag embedded in your card will invalidate it. You won't be able to use it for border crossing.

It a Class C felony to intentionally read, capture, or possess information from a person's Enhanced Driver License/ID Card without that person's knowledge or consent.

Need additional help? Here's how to contact us:

REAL ID deadline approaches. What it is, what you need to know in New York

The clock is ticking: There's just about a year in which to get an enhanced or REAL ID, for which you will need to board a flight within the U.S., or enter certain federal buildings including military bases, unless you have a passport or another federally-accepted form of identification.

The deadline was extended previously, in part due to COVID, from May 3, 2023 to May 7, 2025 .

Why REAL ID?

It's the law. These requirements are the result of the REAL ID Act, which was passed by Congress in 2005 at the 9/11 Commission's suggestion that the federal government "set standards for the issuance of sources of identification, such as driver's licenses," according to the Department of Homeland Security .

The act established minimum security standards for state-issued driver's licenses and identification cards after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center on Sept. 11, 2001.

Federal agencies, including the Transportation Security Administration, will be prohibited after the deadline from accepting driver's licenses and ID cards that do not meet federal standards.

In New York, one can currently get an enhanced ID, a REAL ID, or a standard driver's license, but the standard license is not compliant with REAL ID laws.

"The good news is that you do not have to wait to get a REAL ID or enhanced ID," said Mark J.F. Schroeder, commissioner of the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, in a news release . "You can get one now at your local DMV office. We urge all New Yorkers who want to travel within the US to act now ... We don’t want any customers caught by surprise when they go to travel after the deadline."

Enhanced vs. REAL IDs

Enhanced documents are federal REAL ID compliant, and feature an image of the U.S. flag on them. REAL IDs issued by the state Department of Motor Vehicles have an image of a star on them.

Enhanced licenses include a radio frequency identification chip that allows authorities to see someone's biographic and biometric data at a border inspection booth from as far away as 30 feet. Those licenses also have a machine-readable zone or barcode that authorities can read electronically if the RFID chip system is not available.

The other main difference is enhanced IDs can be used to cross by land or sea the U.S border from Canada, Mexico and some Caribbean countries. This license can be used in lieu of a passport as an identity and citizenship document only in these instances; REAL IDs cannot. (Air travel to those nations will still require a passport .)

Enhanced IDs (either an enhanced driver's license or an enhanced non-driver ID card) also cost $30 more , in addition to the regular transaction fees.

REAL or enhanced IDs are not mandatory, and they are not necessary to be licensed to drive or vote.

What you need to secure a REAL ID

Getting either an enhanced or a REAL ID has more stringent requirements than getting a standard driver's license. One will need to prove both U.S. citizenship as well as New York state residency. Needed documents:

• One proof of identity — this can be a current New York license, permit or non-driver ID card;
• One proof of legal presence — a U.S. birth certificate, either an original or certified copy only, no hospital certificates;
• Two proofs of New York state residency — this must show a full address, not a Post Office box. Acceptable are a New York license, permit or non-driver ID card; New York certificate of title; New York professional license; bank statement issued within the past year; utility bill from within the U.S. issued within the past year with name and address; credit card statement on letterhead, issued within the past year; or a property or school tax bill or receipt for the current year.
• Proof of Social Security number (if one has been issued to you) — either a Social Security card or a current W2, paystub, 1099 or 1098 tax form showing the full number; and
• Current driver's license if one is applying to exchange one issued by another state.

Additionally, if your name has changed since your birth certificate was issued, proof of the name change must be submitted, such as a marriage certificate (not church-issued), a court-issued name change decree, or a divorce decree that states the previous name.

What's not accepted ? Commemorative Social Security cards (usually metal, needs to be original document); Medicare cards; Social Security stubs; hospital-issued birth certificates (must be from municipality where born); church-issued marriage certificate; medical bills; and college admission letters are not valid for ID verification purposes.

Story continues after gallery.

Which ID is right for me?

The Department of Motor Vehicles has a comparison chart of the features of a standard (current), enhanced and REAL ID card. The following questions will also help in making a determination:

• Do you want to use your license (ID) to board a domestic flight?
• Do you want to use your ID to enter a federal building or military base?
• Do you want to use your ID to cross into the U.S., whether by land or sea, from Canada, Mexico, or the Caribbean?

Don't need or want a REAL ID?

Regardless of whether you get a standard, enhanced, or REAL ID driver's license, you will need proof of citizenship, residency and name, coming up with a value of at least "six points" in some combination to satisfy Department of Motor Vehicles requirements . The DMV has an online document guide and will walk you through what is needed .

Previous Gannett stories were used in this reporting.

Can a Real ID license replace my U.S. Passport?

M ay 6—STATEN ISLAND, N.Y. — With millions of Americans in the process of acquiring a Real ID, the new form of identification that will soon be required for domestic air travel, some may be wondering if they can ditch their U.S. passports.

Starting May 7, 2025, the federal government will require those boarding domestic flights to carry a driver's license or other identification card that is Real ID compliant.

While a Real ID will allow travelers to board flights to anywhere within the United States, it will not be valid for international air travel, meaning those flying abroad will still need to bring their U.S. passports with them to the airport.

U.S. passports, which are already Real ID complaint, will also be accepted for boarding domestic flights once the new requirement takes effect, meaning those who don't want to swap out their ID cards can simply travel with their passports.

GETTING A REAL ID IN NEW YORK

The New York State Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) offers residents two options: a standard Real ID or an Enhanced ID.

Both the Real ID and Enhanced ID will allow travelers to board domestic flights and enter some federal buildings.

However, Enhanced ID's will also allow residents to cross United States land and sea borders from Canada, Mexico and some Caribbean countries, without the need for a passport.

Enhanced ID's do not authorize air travel between these countries, strictly land and sea travel. Passports are still required for all international flights.

Real ID's are marked with a star logo in the top-right corner, with Enhanced ID's featuring a banner that reads "Enhanced," along with an American flag in the bottom-right corner.

Standard ID cards, which are still valid for all other purposes outside of domestic flights and entering federal buildings, now feature the phrase "Not For Federal Purposes" in the top-right corner.

Those who wish to obtain a Real ID must go to a DMV office. You cannot get a Real ID online, by phone, or through mail.

There is no additional cost to get a Real ID. However, all normal transaction fees still apply. An Enhanced ID will cost an extra $30, in addition to the normal transaction fees.

The DMV lists the following documents needed to obtain a Real ID or Enhanced ID:

—Proof of identity, such as valid license, birth certificate or passport, with your full first, middle (if applicable) and last name. This name will be displayed on your card as required by federal law.

—Proof of Social Security Number or Social Security Number ineligibility. If you have a valid N.Y. license, permit or ID card, you must bring your original Social Security card or W-2 with full SSN. If you do not have a New York State driver license or identification card, you must bring your Social Security Card or a letter from the Social Security Administration proving your ineligibility to have a social security number.

—Proof of your date of birth.

—Proof of U.S. citizenship, lawful permanent residency or temporary lawful status in the United States.

—Two different proofs of New York state residence, such as utility bill, bank statement or mortgage statement (a P.O. Box not acceptable).

—If the name on your license, permit, or non-driver ID application does not match the name on your proof of identity, lawful status and Social Security, you must bring in court- or government-issued proof documenting the event causing your name change(s), such as a marriage license, divorce decree, adoption, or court-order document.

For more information on obtaining a Real ID or Enhanced ID, visit the DMV website.

(c)2024 Staten Island Advance, N.Y. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.

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REAL ID will be required starting in 2025

Sample Enhanced Drivers License (EDL) courtesy of the Washington State Department of Licensing (WA Dept. of Licensing)

SEATTLE — Residents will be required to have an Enhanced Driver License (EDL) or an Enhanced Identification Card (EID) beginning May 7, 2025, to be in compliance with the REAL ID Act of 2005 .

The extension on implementation of the REAL ID Act will be coming to an end in May 2025. The extension was granted in 2022 by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in response to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The EDL and EID will be the required form of identification to board domestic flights or enter federal facilities, according to the Washington State Department of Licensing (DOL).

DOL will continue to issue standard driver licenses and identification cards but notes that they will no longer be valid forms of identification for domestic flights after the law takes effect.

In addition to the EDL and EID, other forms of identification that meet the REAL ID standards will continue to be accepted.

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Driving in Moscow – Russian road rules

Car-sharing in moscow.

Yandex.Drive parking at Sheremetyevo Airport

Moscow has the largest car-sharing park in the world with more than 15 000 cars waiting for you to be rented for any amount of time, starting from 1 minute. Cars can usually be left almost anywhere within MKAD and in Moscow airports. City parking is also free for those cars. To be able to rent a car, you should register yourself in an app of the company providing the service. There are more than 15 car-sharing operators in Moscow, here are the market leaders:

• Delimobil: https://delimobil.ru
• Yandex.Drive: https://yandex.ru/drive/
• BelkaCar: https://belkacar.ru
• Citydrive: https://citydrive.ru

Long term car rental in Moscow

Sixt pick up & return office

Hertz, Europcar, Sixt and Avis have offices in three of four Moscow airports ( Sheremetyevo ,  Domodedovo and Vnukovo ). Budget has no offices in Russia. It is always cheaper to rent a car using company local site, not the international one. For a night pick up you should contact local rent office a few days upon arrival.

• Hertz Russian site: https://www.hertz.ru/
• Europcar Russian site: https://europcar.ru
• Sixt Russian site: https://www.sixt.ru
• Avis Russian site: https://www.avisrussia.ru

Roads & regulations in Russia

Vnukovo exit road

• Driving is right-sided.
• In the built up areas the speed limit is 60 kmph.
• In none built up areas – 90 kmph.
• On the off-city highways – 110 kmph.
• Some highways around Moscow have 130 kmph limit (marked with green signs).
• The minimum age to drive a car is 18 (16 for motorcycles, 20 for buses).
• Wearing of seat belts is mandatory in both front and back seats.
• Speaking on a mobile phone or even holding it in a hand while driving is a serious offence.
• Turning right at a red light is not allowed when there is no special green arrow traffic light.
• It is illegal for children under the age of 12 to travel in the front seat.
• Dipped headlights must be used during the day.
• It is illegal to drive a car with mud on the license plates.

Required documents

Russian registration certificate, driver license and vehicle insurance

While driving in Russia every driver is required to have the following set of documents:

• Passport ( Russian Visa and migration card is a must for foreigners).
• Driving license (if you plan to stay in Moscow for more than 6 months, your national license will not be enough, you have to obtain Russian license).
• Registration certificate (pink laminated card).
• Vehicle insurance (green or purple paper or its digital copy).
• A power of Attorney (only for rented cars).

Fines in Russia

Traffic police officers

Traffic police officers can stop every car just to check the documents. Every road inspector must introduce himself pointing his title and last name.

The cameras can record not only speeding but other minor violations as well. Driving along the bus lanes, driving in the oncoming lane, incorrect parking or even driving without a full stop where there’s a stop sign – all those violations are in their competence. Numerous traffic cameras are installed in all city regions along every major road. The detailed list of cameras and places of their location is presented on this site . After the camera registered a violation, the appropriate fine is sent to the owner of the car by post and must be paid for a one-month term (there’s a 50% discount if you pay within 2 weeks). For serious violations (Russia has a zero tolerance policy on drinking and driving), the driving license can be confiscated by a court.

All the fines should be paid only at the bank or via internet, so never give any money (or bank cards) to the road inspectors.

Moscow parking rules

Moscow parking ATM

Moscow has paid parking in the city center, within the Garden Ring. There are several parking zones and also special fares for specific streets. Parking within the Boulevard Ring may cost up to 380 roubles (€4) per hour, 50 roubles (€1) for the first hour and 150 roubles (€2) for every next hour within the Garden Ring and 60 rubles (€1) per hour within the TTK ring.

How to pay:

• SMS to 7757 (Russian SIM-cards only).
• Moscow Parking Portal
• Mobile App available for iOS  and  Android .
• Parking ATM (mostly with credit cards only).
• Monthly or annual parking ticket. The parking ticket holder can use city parking spaces daily without payment during the chosen period (month or year).

Maps and traffic in Moscow

Yandex.Maps service

Moscow has a very hard traffic situation. To avoid long traffic jams use Yandex.Maps service. It offers reliable live traffic map (apps are available for iOS , Android  and  Windows Phone ) with online navigation. Offline Moscow map is available. It is the most popular and up to date service. Yandex can show and search latin-written street names.

Getting Russian driver license

Moscow driving school

A foreigner, temporarily staying in Russia can drive with an International Driving Permit (IDP) or national driving license, translated into Russian and notarized. Foreigners that are going to stay in Russia for more than six months must obtain a Russian driving license. To apply for a Russian driving license, you must provide the following documents:

• Passport and valid Russian visa and legally certified copy.
• The document confirming a place of continuous or temporary registration.
• Medical certificate (available from any major health clinic).
• National driving license, legally certified copy and translation.
• Photo of 4х6 cm.
• The receipt confirming payment of the state duty.
• Application for passing the examination.
• The receipt on examination payment.

If your national driving license is still valid, you will only have to pass a general driving test. If your license has expired, you must also pass a practical driving exam to get the Russian license. However, to do so, you must speak fluent Russian: the theoretical and practical instruction is conducted only in Russian. If you want to get your first driving license in Russia, you should also go to a local driving school, pass a medical test, have about two months of theoretical and practical driving instruction, and pass state driving exams.

Moscow gas stations

Gazpromneft station

We suggest you to fill up at good gas stations nets, such as Lukoil, BP, Rosneft, Shell, Gazpromneft or TNK. Gas stations are particularly can be met outside the Garden Ring. The price of petrol in Russia is still significantly lower than in Europe.

Winter driving in Moscow

Snowfall near GUM

Driving in Moscow in winter could be a difficult thing, especially if you are not used to such weather conditions. During the winter period, remember to keep in your car a good snow brush and an anti-frost windshield washer fluid. Before winter arrives, have your car protected with winter tires. Studded tires are allowed and highly recommended outside of Moscow. It is better to change tires in advance – in autumn, and not to wait until the first snow. Otherwise, you run the risk of spending a lot of time in queues to service stations. Do not hurry to change winter tires in spring; it is better to wait until April.

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• Border Security

Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative

Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) is the joint Department of State (DOS) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) plan to implement a key 9/11 Commission recommendation and the statutory mandates of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (IRTPA). IRTPA, in part, required the DHS and DOS to develop and implement a plan to require all travelers, U.S. citizens and foreign nationals alike, to present a passport or other acceptable document that shows identity and citizenship when entering the United States.

What is the goal of requiring secure documents?

The goal is to strengthen border security while facilitating entry into the United States for U.S. citizens and legitimate international travelers, making the process more efficient and convenient.

What types of documents are accepted for entry into the United States via air?

• U.S. citizens can present a valid: U.S. Passport;  Trusted Traveler Program  card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST); U.S. Military identification card when traveling on official orders; U.S. Merchant Mariner document when traveling in conjunction with official maritime business. Note that children are also required to present their own passport when traveling by air.  (note: The Indian/tribal card can NOT be used for air travel).
• Requirements for lawful permanent residents of the United States are not changed by the implementation of WHTI. Lawful permanent residents must continue to present a valid Permanent Resident Card. A passport is not required.

What types of documents are accepted for entry into the United States via land and sea?

• U.S. citizens can present a valid: U.S. Passport; Passport Card; Enhanced Driver’s License;  Trusted Traveler Program  card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST); U.S. Military identification card when traveling on official orders; U.S. Merchant Mariner document when traveling in conjunction with official maritime business; or Form I-872 American Indian Card, or (when available) Enhanced Tribal Card.
• U.S. and Canadian citizen children under the age of 16 (or under 19, if traveling with a school, religious group, or other youth group) need only present a birth certificate or other proof of citizenship. The birth certificate can be original, photocopy, or certified copy.
• WHTI does not affect U.S. Lawful Permanent Residents, who are still required to present their permanent resident card (Form I-551) or other valid evidence of permanent residence status.
• Canadian citizens can present a valid passport, Enhanced Driver’s License, or Trusted Traveler Program card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST).
• Bermudian citizens are required to present a valid passport.
• Mexican citizens, including children, are required to present a passport with visa, or a Border Crossing Card.
• U.S. citizens on closed-loop cruises (cruises that begin and end at the same U.S. port) are able to enter the United States with a birth certificate and government-issued photo ID. Please be aware that you may still be required to present a passport to enter the countries your cruise ship is visiting. Check with your cruise line to ensure you have the appropriate documents.

What is an enhanced driver’s license?

State-issued  enhanced drivers licenses (EDLs)  provide proof of identity and U.S. citizenship, are issued in a secure process, and include technology that makes travel easier. They provide travelers with a low-cost, convenient alternative for entering the United States from Canada, Mexico or the Caribbean through a land or sea port of entry, in addition to serving as a permit to drive.

The Department has been working with states to enhance their driver’s licenses and identification documents to comply with travel rules under the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI), effective June 1, 2009.

How do I get a passport?

United States citizens can visit the State Department’s travel website or call the U.S. National Passport Information Center at 1-877-487-2778; TDD/TTY: (888) 874-7793.

What if I don’t have the required documents when I travel to or return to the United States?

Travelers without WHTI-compliant documents are likely to be delayed at the border as CBP officers work to verify identity and citizenship.

More About Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative

• WHTI Air Frequently Asked Questions (CBP.gov)
• WHTI Land and Sea Frequently Asked Questions (CBP.gov)
• Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (CBP.gov)
• Customs and Border Protection (CBP)

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How to get from Vnukovo Airport (VKO) to central Moscow

1. Aeroexpress

The fastest way to get from this airport to the center of Moscow is the Aeroexpress train, which has a station right in the airport building. With no traffic on the way, you’ll arrive at the Kievskaya train station in 35 minutes, and from there you can get on the metro (Circle line), which makes it convenient to go anywhere in the city.

The first train leaves Vnukovo at 5:15 a.m., and the last departs 12:30 a.m. Tickets on the Aeroexpress go for 500 rubles ($8) at the ticket office and 420 rubles ($6.7) online. You can buy tickets in advance via the website aeroexpress.ru , or download the app .

* During the 2018 FIFA World Cup™ football fans attending Moscow matches will be able to travel on the Aeroexpress free of charge, and there will be extra night trains. Check out the website for more information.

Bus is a cheaper way to get to Moscow but you never know how heavy traffic might be. Another disadvantage is that the bus only goes to a metro station at the end of the line, near the city limits, so you’ll need another 30 minutes to reach the city center.

To Salaryevo metro station (Red line):

- Bus No. 911 or marshrutka mini costs 55 rubles ($0.8). The bus runs from 5:15 a.m. to 1:00 a.m. at 7-minute intervals. Travel time is around 20 minutes.

To Troparevo and Yugo-Zapadnaya metro stations (Red line)

- Bus No. 611 costs 55 rubles ($0.8). It runs from 5:15 a.m. to 1:00 a.m. at 20-minute intervals. Travel time is 25-40 minutes.

For more information visit www.vnukovo.ru .

* During the 2018 FIFA World Cup™ football fans attending Moscow matches will be able to travel on public buses free of charge

If you arrive at night and don’t want to wait for a night bus, then take a taxi. But don’t take one that’s already at the airport because they charge 5,000 rubles ($80) and more; in fact, the ride should cost no more than 2,000 rubles ($30).

There are several services and apps to help you book a taxi in advance and there’ll be a fixed price no matter how long you spend in traffic jams:

- Uber is available in Moscow

- Yandex Taxi (the app works in many languages)

- Gett Taxi (works in Russian, English and Hebrew)

- City Mobil (available in English).

The last two are available for booking in advance, but there are usually many cars in the vicinity of the airport that’ll pick you up in 5-10 minutes. When you arrive at the airport you can get online with free WiFi in the terminal and book a car. They’ll probably ask you to call after passing through border control because waiting in front of the airport is free only for the first 15 minutes, and then it’s quite expensive.

4. Car sharing

Several car-sharing companies are available at Vnukovo. You need an ID, driver’s license, credit card and a smartphone. You’ll need to sign a contract with a company in order to access its vehicle (you can also do this online). The leading companies are: Delimobil ( click here to find more about access at the airport); Yandex Drive (available in English on Google Play ); and BelkaCar ( works only in Russian ). You should download an app in advance to find the nearest car.

5. Rent a car

All major car rental companies can be found at Vnukovo: Sixt , Europcar , Avis , and Rentalcars . You can rent a car online or by visiting the rental office. Booking in advance doesn’t influence the price much but it does provide greater choice of car models.

Arriving at another airport? Find out how to get from Sheremetyevo (SVO) and Domodedovo (DME) to central Moscow.

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