cruise ship speed restrictions

Cruise ships may face speed limit, meaning longer sea days and fewer port calls

Cruisers may be facing longer sea days and fewer stops at ports under a new proposal for the first speed limits for passenger ships..

The International Maritime Organisation (IMO), the UN’s shipping based regulator will debate a proposal, which is being presented by France, next month to enforce speed limits on ships to help the industry meet an international target of halving its greenhouse emissions by 2050.

The 2008 financial crisis forced cargo ships to slow down to save money on fuel, but in recent years, the larger container ships have begun to increase speed. The new proposed limit will restrict them to their present average of about 16knots. Previously they travelled at up to 24 knots.

But the biggest impact would be on the cruise industry, where ships average speeds of about 15 knots and a top speed of 22 knots.

In some countries, cruise ships already have an enforced speed limit – in Canada, it’s to protect whales from ships strikes and in the Norwegian fjords to reduce pollution.

The French proposal, which would introduce the first limits in international waters, says that “speed reduction leads to a significant emissions reduction and it can be implemented quickly: it is the only measure that requires little or no technical adaptation of the ships”.

A spokesperson from Carnival Corporation in the United Kingdom said it would be following the debate closely. The spokeswoman said it already aimed to achieve the “optimum speed between one port and another for maximum guest comfort and efficiency of fuel and also making the best use of the time in port for guest experience”. It declined to say how much fuel it used per passenger.

A CLIA spokesperson said the association would be monitoring the debate closely.

Why bother going cruising …who wants to spend “more” time at sea…as it is I go stir crazy after a couple of days without stopping off somewhere!

If you will be going to less ports, why not in giving something back to the passenger to stay longer in the one port, these one night stays never give you enough time to explore a major city. It would save on fuel, but i know what they will say more port costs and the city will say more tourist numbers and ships in at the same time, but you can’t have everything, they have to compromise.

If passengers weren’t on ships they would be driving around at home in their thirsty cars and using their inefficient air conditioning and all other associated power consuming equipment in their homes.

The reason we don’t sea cruise is because there are too many days at sea already, we like river cruises where we can get off each day.

I agree with Harry Smith , ships of today are just ugly , look more like animal carriers . Where are the graceful ships of yesterday that had a maximum of about 1200 passengers

I think a better solution would be to stop building these huge monstrous cities at sea, called ships. They must surely be using much more fuel to not only transport the ships between ports, but also running the power systems, air conditioning and all other associated power consuming equipment onboard.

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Imagine a skyscraper-sized object cruising through the ocean’s vastness. That’s the reality of today’s modern cruise ships. Despite their colossal proportions, some of the world’s most massive cruise ships achieve mind-boggling velocities. The  average cruise ship speed  hovers around a swift 20 knots, translating to about 23 mph.

How Fast Can A Cruise Ship Go?

However, this pales compared to the record-breaking  SS United States , which reached a staggering  cruise ship top speed of 38 knots or, better said, an incredible 44 miles per hour during its 1952 maiden voyage.

Key Takeaways

• The average cruise ship speed is approximately 20 knots, equivalent to 23 mph.
• Top-end cruise liners can reach speeds between 21 to 24 knots under optimal conditions.
• On its inaugural trip , the SS United States holds the historical record with a top speed of 38 knots.
• Various factors, including fuel efficiency and passenger comfort, influence cruising speeds below maximum capabilities.
• Cruise ships demonstrate incredible engineering feats, balancing high-speed potential with operational practicality.

Cruise Ship Speed: What is the Top Speed?

Modern cruise ships , recognized for their vast amenities and focus on passenger experience, commonly cruise at 20 to 23 knots. However, these vessels can push the envelope up to 30 knots in certain circumstances, amounting to nearly 35 mph on the open sea. This upper range is seldom utilized but demonstrates the potential power these ocean liners possess.

Royal Caribbean maintains an advertised average sailing speed of 18 to 20 knots for its illustrious fleet. Like many other cruise operators , their decision is influenced by multiple factors that extend beyond the mere capability of the ship’s engines.  Fuel efficiency ,  passenger comfort , meticulously planned  itineraries , and  port schedules contribute to this balanced cruising tempo.

With technological advances, the question of  cruise ship mph  becomes more pronounced compared to historical data, reflecting considerable improvements in marine engineering. However, it’s essential to acknowledge that the prime  ocean liner’s speed  is not just a representation of machinery and horsepower. It symbolizes the intricate balance of economic viability, maritime strategy, and the quest to deliver an enjoyable and leisurely voyage.

The Fascinating World of Cruise Ship Velocity

The concept of ship velocity on the high seas is more complex than measuring speed. It intertwines history, nautical science, and maritime craft. Grasping the underlying principles of marine travel , including the importance of using  cruise ship knots  instead of land miles.

Understanding Nautical Miles

Distance at sea is distinctly different from that on land. A nautical mile, the cornerstone of maritime navigation, spans 1.852 kilometers or about 1.15078 miles. This unit of measurement is derived from a minute of latitude, ensuring a link between the earth’s geometry and sea travel . This small yet significant difference amplifies when calculating long distances over sea voyages, making the nautical mile an irreplaceable metric in maritime travel.

The Significance of Knots in cruise ship travel

The term ‘knot’ has been synonymous with seafaring speed for centuries, originating from the archaic method of using a knotted rope to measure velocity. This timeless tradition has carried over to modern-day navigation, where cruise ship knots remain the universal gauge of speed. The knot is embedded in history and represents a practical unit, aligning with the nautical mile and specific to the unique conditions of marine travel.

Understanding these measurements is fundamental in appreciating the design and performance of modern seafaring vessels, from majestic cruise ships that gently glide across the ocean’s expanse to swift sailboats dancing with the wind. Each relies on an ancient yet unyielding system that continues to guide their journey across the vast blue.

What is the Top Speed of a Cruise Ship

When we talk about the allure of the high seas and the vessels that conquer them, the conversation often turns toward speed. The thrill of racing across the ocean’s surface, powered by precision engineering and prodigious horsepower, is a narrative dominated by legendary names and modern advancements. Understanding the peak performance capabilities of these marine titans offers insights into naval architecture and an appreciation for maritime travel’s sheer possibility.

Record Holders and Their Achievements

The illustrious SS United States holds the historical benchmark for the fastest cruise ship speed. She boasted an unrivaled top speed in her heyday—a staggering 38 knots. This feat was underpinned by her groundbreaking design and a propulsion system that few could match, featuring four colossal 18-foot propellers. Though she last sailed the seas many decades ago, her legacy inspires and sets a high bar in cruise ship engineering excellence.

Modern Marvels: Current Cruise Ships and Their Capabilities

The  Queen Mary 2  is a modern successor to the historic liners, with an impressive  cruise ship top speed  of its own. She glides through the water at a swift 30 knots. Although categorized as an ocean liner designed primarily for transatlantic voyages , she embodies the fusion of luxury and performance that defines contemporary cruising. Today’s cruise ships, helmed by industry titans like Carnival and Royal Caribbean, can exceed 25 knots. Nevertheless, such speeds are seldom utilized in regular service, with operational constraints and efficiency taking precedence over maximum velocity.

In summary, while the  SS United States  and the  Queen Mary 2  stand as emblematic beacons of the  fastest cruise ship speed , they also represent the evolution of a segment where the pinnacle of speed, luxury, and technological mastery coalesce. Their storied voyages continue to capture the imagination of those who yearn for the romance of the seas and the thrill of unmatched velocity.

How the Queen Mary 2 Sets the Standard for Speed

The  Queen Mary 2  is more than an ocean liner; it is a testament to the advancement of maritime engineering. As the flagship of the Cunard Line , this vessel boasts a  cruise liner top speed  seldom matched by others in its class. The Queen Mary 2 often dominates the conversation when discussing ocean liner speed, marking a pinnacle in ocean travel with its ability to sustain a maximum speed of 30 knots.

The above comparison’s figures reflect Queen Mary 2’s exceptional capabilities, and Queen Mary 2 often dominates the conversation when discussing ocean liner speeds, such as the SS United States. Yet, what sets the Queen Mary 2 apart is its consistent performance and reliability on transatlantic routes, a hallmark of Cunard’s prestigious heritage.

Why Cruise Ships Don’t Use Their Full Speed Potential

In the vast and luxurious world of cruising , a vessel’s velocity is a finely tuned dance between fuel efficiency, passenger comfort, and meticulous scheduling. While technological advancements have given cruise ships the power to race across the oceans, economic realities and pursuing an unrivaled guest experience often dictate a more measured pace.

Fuel Efficiency and Economics

Fuel costs constitute a significant portion of a cruise ship’s operational expenses. Fuel efficiency plays a pivotal role, so it’s financially prudent for ships to navigate at speeds that conserve fuel. This avoids the exponential increase in fuel consumption that comes with pushing a vessel’s engines to their limits. This economical and environmentally conscious balance reduces the cruise industry’s carbon footprint.

Passenger Comfort and Safety

Beyond the economics, cruising is about the comfort and safety of its passengers. A gentle journey across the sea ensures tranquil waters and a stable environment, free from the discomfort of turbulent waters that higher speeds might induce. Cruise lines prioritize a serene onboard experience, extending from the gentle swaying of the ship to the seamless delivery of amenities and activities.

Scheduling and Port Arrivals

Timing is everything when it comes to successful cruise ship itineraries. Adhering to a schedule harmonizing with planned activities, excursions, and docking times is essential. To avoid the complications and expenses associated with off-schedule port arrivals, such as increased  docking fees  or logistical conflicts, ships use their speed strategically to ensure timely but cost-effective operations.

Weather Conditions

Weather conditions can significantly affect a cruise ship’s speed. Some contemporary cruise ships have a top speed of 30 knots, while others may travel at a slower speed of around 10. Weather conditions such as rough seas, heavy rain, and strong winds will impact the ship’s speed and can significantly slow a cruise ship down.

Cruising Speed

Cruising speed refers to the speed at which a ship is sailing when it is not at its fastest speed. This cruising speed allows the ship to navigate various weather and ocean conditions and  reduce its carbon footprint on sea days. Some cruise ships are being redesigned to travel slower to reduce their carbon footprint and make their voyages more environmentally friendly. 

The Impact of a Cruise Ship’s Design on Its Speed

When it comes to the performance of a maritime behemoth,  cruise ship design  is a critical factor influencing various aspects like speed, fuel efficiency, and guest comfort. A cruise ship’s engineering encapsulates visual aesthetics and integrates advanced ship propulsion technologies, directly influencing sea navigation. Operating at optimal speed is a balancing act that accounts for economic considerations, safety, and the overall travel experience highlighted by luxurious  cruise ship amenities .

Final Thoughts

While capable of reaching impressive speeds, modern cruise ships often prioritize itineraries  that favor fuel economy, onboard serenity, and well-timed port arrivals over the thrill of hitting their maximum  cruise ship mph . This pragmatic approach does not detract from a cruise ship’s marvel; instead, it showcases an evolution of priorities within the industry. Cruise liners today promise a seamless blend of leisurely pace and punctuality, ensuring each voyage is enjoyable and respects the intricate scheduling that modern sea travel demands.

Cruise Ship Top Speed – FAQ

How fast do cruise ships go.

Cruise ships can travel at varying speeds depending on weather conditions and design. On average, they travel around 23 miles per hour or one knot, with some reaching speeds of up to 30 knots.

How is the speed of cruise ships measured?

Cruise ship speed is typically measured in knots, with one knot equivalent to one nautical mile per hour. This measurement is standard in maritime navigation and travel.

Do cruise ships travel at a constant speed?

Cruise ships have a maximum speed capability, but they often travel at a more economical cruising speed to conserve fuel during long journeys. Factors such as sea conditions and the ship’s itinerary can also impact the speed at which a cruise ship travels.

How do new cruise ship designs impact their speed?

New cruise ship designs consider hull design and engine efficiency to improve the ship’s speed and performance. Technological innovations allow for faster and more fuel-efficient cruising experiences.

What are some notable cruise ships known for their speed?

Cruise ships such as Cunard’s Queen Mary 2 and Royal Caribbean’s fleet are known for their impressive speed capabilities. These ships are designed to offer passengers a balance of speed, comfort, and luxury.

Have you ever wondered how fast a massive cruise ship can go?

Massive cruise ships can reach up to 30 knots, equivalent to approximately 34.5 miles per hour on land. Their size and power allow them to navigate various sea conditions efficiently.

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How Fast Do Cruise Ships Go

Published: December 11, 2023

Modified: December 28, 2023

by Julieta Jager

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Introduction

When it comes to the world of cruising, one of the factors that captivates travelers is the speed at which cruise ships travel. Whether you’re a first-time cruiser or a seasoned traveler, the speed of a cruise ship can impact your overall experience at sea. Understanding how fast cruise ships go and the factors that influence their speed can help you make informed decisions when planning your next cruise adventure.

As you embark on a cruise vacation, it’s essential to know that the speed of a cruise ship can vary depending on several factors. These factors can include the size and type of the ship, the route and distance it needs to cover, weather conditions, and the safety regulations imposed by maritime authorities. Cruise ship speeds are typically measured in knots, which represents the nautical miles traveled per hour.

Whether you’re sailing across the serene Caribbean waters, exploring the rugged Alaskan coastline, or crossing the vast expanse of the Atlantic Ocean, the speed at which your cruise ship travels will influence the duration of your voyage, the time spent in port, and the overall itinerary of your trip.

Understanding the speed of cruise ships is not just about the logistics of your trip; it can also impact your onboard experience. Some passengers enjoy the thrill of cruising at high speeds, while others prefer a more leisurely pace, allowing them to relax and take in the scenic views. Additionally, the speed of a cruise ship can affect its stability and maneuverability, which are crucial factors for both passenger comfort and safety.

In the following sections, we will delve into the various factors that can affect cruise ship speeds, explore the typical speeds of different types of ships, and discuss the decisions that influence the speed of a cruise ship. By gaining insights into these aspects, you’ll be better equipped to choose the right cruise for your preferences and make the most of your time at sea.

Factors Affecting Cruise Ship Speed

Several factors can impact the speed at which a cruise ship travels. Understanding these factors can provide valuable insight into why cruise ships operate at different speeds and the considerations that go into determining their cruising velocities. Here are some key factors that influence cruise ship speed:

• Ship Size and Design: The size and design of a cruise ship play a significant role in determining its speed. Generally, larger ships have more powerful engines and can achieve higher speeds. Additionally, the hull design and streamlined shape of modern cruise ships contribute to their ability to navigate through the water efficiently.
• Engine Power: The power of a cruise ship’s engines directly affects its speed. Cruise ships are equipped with powerful diesel-electric or gas turbine engines that provide the necessary propulsion to move through the water. The engine power is typically measured in terms of horsepower or kilowatts.
• Weather Conditions: Weather conditions at sea can significantly impact cruise ship speed. Strong headwinds or rough seas can slow down a ship’s progress, while favorable tailwinds can increase its speed. Cruise lines closely monitor weather conditions and may alter their itineraries or adjust speeds to ensure passenger safety and comfort.
• Route and Distance: The distance a cruise ship needs to travel and the chosen route can influence its speed. Longer routes may require higher cruising speeds to maintain the scheduled itinerary, while shorter routes can allow for a more relaxed pace. Additionally, ships traveling through narrow channels or congested ports may need to reduce their speed for navigation and safety reasons.
• Regulatory Restrictions: Maritime authorities impose various regulations on cruise ships, including speed limits in certain areas. These restrictions ensure the safety of the vessel, its passengers, and the environment. Cruise lines adhere to these regulations and adjust their speeds accordingly to comply with the rules.

These factors, in combination or individually, influence the cruise ship’s speed, highlighting the complexity of the decision-making process behind each voyage. Cruise lines carefully consider these factors to optimize the guest experience, maintain safety, and meet the expectations of their passengers.

Typical Cruise Ship Speeds

When it comes to cruise ship speeds, there is a wide range depending on various factors such as ship size, itinerary, and desired passenger experience. Here are some typical speeds you can expect to encounter on a cruise ship:

• Standard Cruising Speed: Most modern cruise ships have a standard cruising speed of around 20 to 24 knots (23 to 28 mph or 37 to 44 km/h). This speed allows for a comfortable voyage while maintaining a reasonable schedule to ports of call.
• Slow-Speed Cruising: Some cruise ships, especially those on longer itineraries or ones focused on scenic destinations, may operate at slower speeds. These slower speeds can range from 10 to 15 knots (11 to 17 mph or 18 to 28 km/h) and allow passengers to enjoy breathtaking views and a more relaxed onboard atmosphere.
• High-Speed Cruising: On the other end of the spectrum, certain cruise ships are designed and built for high-speed cruising. These ships can reach speeds upwards of 25 knots (29 mph or 46 km/h) and are commonly found on transatlantic or transpacific voyages, where time is of the essence, or on specialty cruises focused on fast-paced entertainment and activities.

It’s important to note that these are general guidelines, and actual cruise ship speeds can vary depending on the factors mentioned earlier. Additionally, cruise lines may adjust speeds to accommodate various operational considerations such as fuel efficiency, scheduling, and passenger comfort.

When planning your cruise vacation, it’s beneficial to research the typical speeds of the ships you are considering. The speed of a cruise ship can impact the overall duration of your voyage and the amount of time you have to explore each destination. If you prefer a leisurely pace and want to spend more time in port, you may opt for a cruise on a ship that operates at slower speeds. Conversely, if you are looking to cover more ground or have limited time, a high-speed cruise ship may be more suitable for your needs.

Being aware of the typical speeds of cruise ships enables you to select a voyage that aligns with your travel preferences and time constraints, ensuring a fulfilling and satisfying cruising experience.

High-Speed Cruise Ships

High-speed cruise ships are designed to offer passengers faster travel, allowing them to cover more ground in less time. These ships are equipped with powerful engines that enable them to reach impressive speeds and provide a unique cruising experience. Here are some key points about high-speed cruise ships:

• Transatlantic and Transpacific Voyages: High-speed cruise ships are commonly found on transatlantic and transpacific routes. These voyages involve crossing vast bodies of water, and the ability to cruise at high speeds allows passengers to reach their destinations more quickly, reducing the overall duration of the voyage.
• Time-saving: For travelers with limited vacation time or those who prefer to spend more time exploring port cities, high-speed cruise ships can be a great option. These ships can cover longer distances in a shorter amount of time, maximizing the time spent at various destinations.
• Entertainment and Activities: High-speed cruise ships often offer a wide range of onboard entertainment and activities to keep passengers engaged during the shorter voyages. From casinos and theaters to water parks and sports facilities, these ships aim to provide a lively and action-packed experience for guests.
• Modern Design: High-speed cruise ships are usually built with modern and sleek designs to enhance their speed and efficiency. These ships often incorporate advanced technologies, such as advanced stabilization systems, to ensure a smooth and comfortable ride even at high speeds.
• Specialty Cruises: Some cruise lines offer specialty high-speed cruises that cater to specific interests or themes. These cruises may focus on adventure, racing events, or other activities that require faster travel. They attract enthusiasts who seek the thrill of high-speed cruising combined with unique experiences.

It’s important to note that high-speed cruise ships generally prioritize speed over leisurely travel. While they provide an exciting and time-saving option for certain voyages, they may not offer the same level of relaxation and immersive experience as slower-paced cruises. Therefore, it’s essential to consider your preferences and priorities when selecting a cruise ship, taking into account the desired balance between speed and onboard amenities.

High-speed cruise ships are a testament to the advancements in maritime technology and navigation, offering passengers the opportunity to explore distant destinations within shorter timeframes. Whether you’re looking to cross an ocean quickly or seeking a fast-paced and lively onboard experience, high-speed cruise ships offer a unique and thrilling way to travel the world’s seas.

Slow-Speed Cruise Ships

While high-speed cruise ships cater to travelers who prefer a swift and efficient way of reaching their destinations, slow-speed cruise ships offer a more relaxed and leisurely cruising experience. Here are some key points about slow-speed cruise ships:

• Scenic Cruising: Slow-speed cruise ships are often chosen for itineraries that focus on scenic destinations. These ships allow passengers to take in breathtaking views, enjoy longer periods of time at sea, and fully immerse themselves in the beauty of the surrounding landscapes.
• Relaxation and Serenity: Slow cruising offers passengers an opportunity to unwind and fully enjoy the amenities and services available onboard. With more leisurely travel, there is ample time to lounge by the pool, indulge in spa treatments, or simply relax on your private balcony with panoramic views of the ocean.
• Extended Port Visits: Slow-speed cruise ships often allow for extended stays in port cities, giving passengers more time to explore and experience the local culture and attractions. This slower pace allows for a deeper immersion in each destination.
• Intimate Atmosphere: Slow-speed cruise ships are typically smaller in size, offering a more intimate and personalized experience for passengers. This creates a sense of community onboard, with opportunities to connect with fellow travelers and build lasting friendships.
• Relaxed Itineraries: Slow cruising operates on a more relaxed schedule, with shorter distances covered each day. This allows passengers to enjoy a stress-free journey with plenty of time to soak up the onboard activities, including enrichment programs, fine dining experiences, and live entertainment.

Slow-speed cruise ships provide a counterpoint to the fast-paced world we often find ourselves in. They appeal to those seeking a slower, more leisurely pace, allowing them to savor every moment of their cruise vacation. This type of cruising is particularly popular for scenic coastal journeys, such as Alaska cruises or river cruises.

It’s essential to consider your preferences, travel goals, and desired level of relaxation when choosing a slow-speed cruise ship. If you’re looking for a serene and laid-back experience with a focus on enjoying the onboard amenities and exploring each destination at a leisurely pace, a slow-speed cruise ship may be the perfect choice for you.

Slow cruising offers a truly unique and calming approach to travel, providing an opportunity to unwind, connect with nature, and create lasting memories, all while indulging in the luxurious comfort of a cruise ship.

Factors Influencing Cruise Ship Speed Decision

The decision regarding the speed at which a cruise ship operates involves several factors that cruise lines carefully consider. These factors aim to ensure the safety, comfort, and satisfaction of passengers, as well as the overall efficiency of the voyage. Here are some key factors that influence the cruise ship speed decision:

• Itinerary: The ports of call and the overall itinerary play a significant role in determining the cruise ship’s speed. Cruise lines analyze the distances between destinations and the time available in each port to decide on an appropriate cruising speed. They aim to balance the desired itinerary with the comfort and enjoyment of passengers.
• Passenger Experience: Cruise lines strive to create a memorable and enjoyable experience for passengers. The speed of the ship can contribute to this by allowing for on-time arrivals, maximizing the time available for activities and excursions, and providing a smooth and comfortable sailing experience.
• Fuel Efficiency: Fuel consumption is a crucial consideration for cruise lines, both from an environmental and financial standpoint. By optimizing the speed of their ships, cruise lines can achieve greater fuel efficiency, reducing emissions and operating costs. This may involve finding an optimal balance between speed and fuel consumption.
• Weather Conditions: Safety is paramount in the cruise industry, and weather conditions play a significant role in determining the ship’s speed. In the face of adverse weather, such as strong winds or heavy storms, cruise ships may slow down or alter their course to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers and crew members.
• Regulatory Constraints: Maritime authorities impose regulations regarding ship speeds in certain areas to protect the environment and ensure safe navigation. Cruise lines comply with these regulations and adjust the speed of their ships accordingly. These constraints can influence the overall speed decision for a particular voyage.

By carefully considering these factors, cruise lines aim to create an optimal balance between itinerary, passenger experience, fuel efficiency, safety, and compliance with regulations. The speed decision is a thoughtful process that takes into account multiple aspects to provide a memorable and enjoyable cruising experience for passengers.

It’s important to note that the specific influence of these factors may vary between cruise lines and individual voyages. Factors such as the size and design of the ship, the target market, and the cruise line’s overall strategy also come into play when determining the speed at which the ship will operate.

Ultimately, the cruise ship speed decision revolves around the overarching goal of ensuring that passengers have an incredible and satisfying experience while maintaining the highest standards of safety, environmental responsibility, and operational efficiency.

The speed at which cruise ships travel is a significant aspect of the overall cruising experience. Whether you prefer the excitement of high-speed cruising or the relaxation of a slower-paced journey, understanding the factors that influence cruise ship speeds is essential for planning a memorable and fulfilling cruise vacation.

Factors such as ship size, engine power, weather conditions, route and distance, and regulatory restrictions all play a role in determining the speed at which a cruise ship operates. By considering these factors, cruise lines aim to provide passengers with the optimal balance between itinerary, passenger experience, fuel efficiency, safety, and compliance with regulations.

Typical cruise ship speeds range from 20 to 24 knots for standard cruising, with slower speeds around 10 to 15 knots for more scenic itineraries and higher speeds exceeding 25 knots for transatlantic or transpacific voyages. Understanding the typical speeds of different cruise ships allows you to select a voyage that aligns with your preferences and time constraints.

Whether you choose a high-speed cruise ship for time-saving and exhilarating adventures or a slow-speed cruise ship for a relaxed and immersive experience, both offer unique advantages and opportunities for exploration. High-speed cruise ships excel in covering longer distances efficiently, while slow-speed cruise ships prioritize scenic cruising, extended port visits, and serenity.

The decision regarding cruise ship speed considers factors such as itinerary, passenger experience, fuel efficiency, weather conditions, and regulatory constraints. Cruise lines carefully weigh these factors to provide an optimal cruising experience that ensures passenger satisfaction, safety, and environmental responsibility.

Ultimately, the speed at which a cruise ship travels contributes to the overall enjoyment and fulfillment of your cruise vacation. By understanding the factors influencing cruise ship speeds and considering your preferences and priorities, you can choose the perfect cruise ship and itinerary to create lasting memories and make the most of your time at sea.

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Marine Vessel Speed Reduction Reduces Air Emissions and Fuel Usage

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How It Works

Key Advantages of Vessel Speed Reduction

Implementation considerations, cost and savings components.

Ocean-going vessels typically slow to their speeds within 10 nautical miles of a U.S. port. However, some ports have established larger vessel speed reduction (VSR) zones of up to 40 nautical miles. By reducing ship speeds VSR zones can reduce fuel consumption and emissions within the designated region. This strategy can be used for ports of any size and type, though larger ports that service higher-speed vessels would see the largest reduction in fuel consumption and emissions.

See the fact sheet on Port Operational Strategies: Vessel Speed Reduction (PDF) (March 2021, EPA-420-F-21-008)

VSR programs establish a zone around a port within which vessels operate at or below a designated speed, which may vary by vessel type. Ports such as Los Angeles, San Diego, and New York/New Jersey have established VSR zones ranging from 20 to 40 nautical miles, with speed limits between 10 and 15 knots.

Some ports encourage participation by providing financial incentives such as reduced berthing fees.

The Port of Long Beach’s VSR program provides a 15 to 25 percent reduction in dockage fees for fleets with a 90 percent participation rate. In 2017, the Port achieved 90-95 percent participation from fleets in the program that resulted in reduction of particulate matter by 28 tons, nitrogen oxides by 1,311 tons, sulfur oxides by 38 tons, and carbon dioxide equivalents by 58,964 tons.

• Container and cruise ships, and roll-on/roll-off vessels achieve larger fuel and emissions benefits than smaller, slower-moving vessels such as bulkers, general cargo and tanker ships.
• Slowing vessels near ports will increase transit times, although the short delays are generally within vessel arrival windows. Incentives could be established to offset vessel operator costs for any increase in transit times.
• Smaller ports are less likely to have professional staff equipped to reliably monitor participation.
• Local safety and navigation constraints may limit full VSR adoption.
• Capital costs should be limited to the purchase of vessel monitoring software to compile real-time AIS data.
• Labor for system administration (including communications, recordkeeping, and in-house monitoring of AIS data).
• Fees to external parties to monitor vessel traffic in lieu of in-house monitoring of AIS data.
• Fees for third parties to provide vessel and engine data for participating ships (used to calculate program emissions reductions).
• Labor and other nominal operating costs from increased vessel transit times.
• Financial incentives offered to vessel operators to encourage participation.
• Cost savings may be realized by vessel operators in the form of participation incentives and reduced fuel consumption.
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Wi-Fi on cruise ships: 5 things to know about internet use on board

I have good news for those of you who assume the only way to stay in touch with home from a cruise ship is via a message in a bottle: Cruise ships come equipped with internet, and cruise Wi-Fi connections have been getting faster at a rapid rate — and cheaper, too.

While checking emails and surfing the web on some vessels still requires the patience of Job, onboard technological improvements on many ships combined with new satellite and direct ship-to-shore systems is making cruise internet access much more like what you find on land.

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If you're a first-time cruiser, you're likely most concerned with the basics: Do cruise ships have Wi-Fi and how much does Wi-Fi cost on a cruise? Repeat cruisers who have paid the price for finicky service may be wondering the best way to access fast connection speeds across their devices while avoiding unnecessary charges.

I can guide you through the ins and outs of Wi-Fi on cruise ships. Here are five things to know about onboard internet before you set sail.

Wi-Fi on cruise ships will never be as fast (or reliable) as home

Yes, all cruise ships today offer an internet connection, but it might not be the seamless experience you've come to expect on land.

For most of the many years I've been writing about cruising, the typical internet connection at sea hasn't just been slow. It's been glacial. You'd click on a website only to experience many seconds of frustration. Maybe the page would come up. Maybe it wouldn't. Maybe the cruise would end while you were still sitting there.

Related: 16 mistakes cruise ship passengers make on disembarkation day

Why the slow speeds? To start, there is no Comcast cable wire running to your cruise ship. On cruise ships, every packet of data you are downloading onto your phone or computer, for the most part, is coming over a satellite, which is not a quick or inexpensive proposition.

The maritime communication companies that specialize in providing internet connections to ships have been trying to speed things up in recent years. Solutions have included adding more satellites and linking their systems to land-based towers that connect with ships as they near shore.

But, in the end, there are limits to just how well a satellite system can work. For starters, a ship needs a clear "line of sight" to a satellite to exchange data, something that isn't always the case. Cruise ships traveling through the famed Norwegian fjords, for instance, can lose their satellite signal due to the height of surrounding mountains.

And there are certain parts of the world where satellite coverage is too thin or nonexistent to allow for internet access on cruise ships. During a sailing in the Russian Arctic on a Hapag-Lloyd Cruises ship, I was forced to live without internet for a good part of a week due to a lack of satellite coverage in the area (something, I must say, was kind of wonderful).

So while onboard cruise Wi-Fi speeds are getting better, they'll never be as fast as at home, where a hard wire brings the signal straight to your router.

Onboard internet speed is getting much faster

On some cruise ships, the signal has become so much faster you now can stream Netflix from the comfort of your cabin — something that would have been unthinkable just a few years ago.

New satellite systems, paired with multimillion-dollar investments in shipboard technology, really are making things better in a big way. A turning point came in 2014, when cruise giant Royal Caribbean partnered with satellite company O3b Networks to create a new onboard internet system that it claimed was six times faster than anything else at sea. Called Voom, the system tapped into new Medium Earth Orbit satellites operated by O3b that can shoot their beams directly at ships as they move.

When I ran a speed test of Voom on Adventure of the Seas, I found the line's fastest option, the Surf + Stream service, usually offered download speeds of just around 3 megabits per second. I never found download speeds exceeding 4 Mbps, but I did see it drop as low as 1.5 Mbps. While still significantly slower than many home connections, that's fast enough to enjoy Netflix and other streaming video services, though I did experience grainy video and buffering issues on occasion.

Royal Caribbean still claims Voom is the fastest and best Wi-Fi option on cruise ships today. But we're a bit skeptical – not because the Wi-Fi is slower than stated, but because other cruise lines, like Carnival Cruise Line , are quickly catching up.

Carnival cruise Wi-Fi is also fast enough to support Netflix streaming on some ships, the company says. The cruise line uses a hybrid system that combines faster satellite connections at sea with a network of less-expensive land-based towers that take over as its vessels near coastal areas.

On a sailing on one of the Carnival ships outfitted for faster internet, Carnival Sunrise , I did notice a significant improvement in cruise Wi-Fi speed. But the promised access to Netflix streaming wasn't quite as smooth as I had hoped. Clicking on a favorite show, I only could watch for a few minutes before the connection inevitably froze.

Some lines in just the last year or so have begun partnering with Elon Musk's Starlink system for speedy internet.

Related: How fast is the internet on a Celebrity cruise? We put it to the test

Cruise internet costs have gone down

Just a few years back, you had to pay a small fortune for the privilege of accessing the internet on a cruise ship. The base rate for onboard Wi-Fi for years started around 75 cents a minute. That's $45 for a single hour online!

The old pay-by-the-minute system, which could leave even modest internet users with sky-high bills, is now giving way to simpler and more affordable "all you can browse" plans on many lines.

How much does Wi-Fi cost on a cruise today? Well, the highest-speed version of Royal Caribbean's Voom connection currently costs $26.99 per day for one device. In the old days of 75 cents-a-minute pricing, that same amount of money would have gotten you just 36 minutes of web time.

Royal Caribbean also offers a slower-speed version of Voom that can't support streaming for $19.99 per day for one device. For both cruise internet packages, there are discounts for adding more devices and purchasing a package online before your sailing.

Related: 15 ways that cruising newbies waste money on their first cruise

Another line bringing down internet costs dramatically is Carnival. At the very low end, it now offers a Social Wi-Fi plan that allows access to all the key social sites (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc.) as well as messaging services such as WhatsApp, for just $15.30 a day ($18 when purchased on board). A slightly more expensive Value Wi-Fi plan, at $19.55 per day when bought in advance ($23 per day when bought on board), adds access to email and most websites.

The line's top-tier Premium Wi-Fi plan, at $21.25 per day when bought in advance ($25 when bought onboard), triples the speed of the Value plan and adds access to VoIP calling on messaging apps and Skype (but not FaceTime). Note that you might be able to make Wi-Fi calls from an iPhone or via WhatsApp, even with the less expensive plan. Passengers who pay for a Carnival Cruise Wi-Fi plan in advance of sailing get a 15% discount.

But perhaps the biggest development in cruise internet costs in recent years is that many higher-end lines have begun offering internet access for — get this — free. Viking , Regent Seven Seas Cruises and Silversea Cruises are among lines now including unlimited internet time in the base cost of a voyage. At some of these lines, such as Regent, you can pay extra for faster service.

Another way to get free or cheaper internet time on ships is to join cruise line loyalty programs . Many offer free cruise Wi-Fi or discounted package pricing to customers who hit mid- to upper-tier levels.

At Celebrity Cruises, for instance, the top Zenith tier in the line's Captain's Club loyalty program comes with unlimited free Premium-level internet (the fastest plan at the line). At Princess Cruises , customers can get 50 percent off MedallionNet internet packages after reaching the Platinum level in the line's Captain's Circle loyalty program (to qualify, you'll need to complete either five cruises, or 50 cruise days).

On Royal Caribbean, the path to free Internet on a cruise is through its high-end suites . Book a room in a Sky Class or Star Class suite (all suites above the junior suite level), and you'll receive free Voom.

Apps offer an alternative to paid cruise Wi-Fi

In recent years, a growing number of cruise lines have rolled out free apps for your phone that will let you make reservations for onboard restaurants, spa treatments and other services without ever leaving your pool deck lounge chair. On some ships operated by Carnival, you even can order beer and pizza to wherever you happen to be using an app.

Many of these apps also will show you a schedule of daily activities, offer ship deck plans and sometimes port maps to help you get around, and let you check your onboard account statement in real time. On Celebrity Edge and other Celebrity Cruises Edge-class ships, you can even use an app to remotely open your cabin door, change channels on the television and turn off the lights.

While all these apps work off cruise ship Wi-Fi, the good news is they don't require the purchase of a plan to use. Nor do they come with any other sort of fee — at least for most features.

At Carnival, you'll pay $5 per cruise to add a "chat" feature to the line's otherwise free HUB app that will let you communicate via text-like messages with other app-enabled passengers. Norwegian Cruise Line also requires passengers to pay a fee (currently $9.95 per cruise) to use a messaging and calling feature of its Cruise Norwegian app.

Cruise internet tip: Use airplane mode to avoid unwanted charges

Whether or not you're purchasing a Wi-Fi plan on a cruise ship, I have one very strong piece of advice: Put your phone in airplane mode the moment you step on board the vessel and leave it that way for the duration of the sailing.

This is the safest way to avoid unwanted data charges, which can be enormous. (Remember the story of a family that racked up $14,000 in data charges on a cruise?)

As many cruisers have found the hard way, international phone plans such as AT&T's $10-a-day International Day Pass do not apply to cruise ships at sea. If you let your AT&T phone roam while you're on a vessel, you'll pay $2.05 per megabyte of data — even if your base plan at home offers you unlimited data. You'll also pay $3 per minute to make a call, $0.50 per text and $1.30 to send a photo. All that adds up very quickly.

AT&T does offer a " Cruise Plus " plan for a flat fee of $100 that allows unlimited talk and text during sailings up to 30 days in duration. But it only comes with 1 gigabyte of data (which may seem like a lot until you start streaming movies), with any overage billing at a still-hefty $10 per 100 megabytes. It's also not available on every ship. More than 175 vessels are part of the program.

If you insist on leaving your cellular service on during a cruise, you should at least disable any apps running in the background (as they'll be eating up data, and running up your bill) and disable email auto-check.

Personally, I find it easier to just hit the airplane mode button. Once in airplane mode, I reactivate the Wi-Fi feature on my phone to access the cruise Wi-Fi, and sign up for a shipboard plan that will let me stay in touch by email or a VoIP service like WhatsApp.

Planning a cruise? Start with these stories:

• The 5 most desirable cabin locations on any cruise ship
• A beginners guide to picking a cruise line
• The 8 worst cabin locations on any cruise ship
• A quick guide to the most popular cruise lines
• 21 tips and tricks that will make your cruise go smoothly
• 12 best cruises for people who never want to grow up
• What to pack for your first cruise

Cruises & Cargo Ships Regularly Break Voluntary Speed Limit Aimed at Protecting Endangered Whales

By bigad shaban and mark villarreal published december 5, 2022 • updated on may 25, 2023 at 9:07 am.

About 80 endangered whales are killed off the West Coast each year by a phenomenon known as ‘ship strikes,’ which is when vessels unintentionally, and sometimes unknowingly, hit and kill whales.

The area off the San Francisco coast is home to one of the largest feeding habitats for whales in the world, but it's also the entrance and exit to one of America's busiest shipping ports. Each year, 2.4 million cargo containers come through the Port of Oakland, the tenth busiest port in America.

While ship strikes are especially devastating to endangered and threatened species, the exact magnitude of the problem remains difficult to determine.

Shipping companies are required by federal law to document each time a vessel hits a whale, but ship strikes can often go unnoticed by vessels. Scientists believe most dead whales sink to the bottom of the ocean, and so while some whales wash up dead with physical signs of a ship strike, those only represent a fraction of the total death toll, which researchers say could be 10 to 20 times higher.

The blue whale, which can grow up to 110 feet long, is the largest animal known to have ever lived on Earth, however, fast-moving ships are proving to be an even bigger adversary, one that is now pushing some species toward the brink of extinction.

Some shipping companies are simply just totally disregarding this risk for running over endangered whales Douglas McCauley, Benioff Ocean Science Laboratory Director

“ We're talking about skyscraper-sized ships that belong to billion-dollar companies,” said Douglas McCauley, who heads the Benioff Ocean Science Laboratory. “Some shipping companies are simply just totally disregarding this risk for running over endangered whales."

In hopes of reducing ship strikes, the federal government instituted a voluntary speed limit of 10 knots, during peak whale months, for large ships entering and leaving the Bay. While the annual program is nearly a decade old, the NBC Bay Area Investigative Unit has learned ships are still speeding – sometimes at more than twice the limit.

Since the start of this year’s slow down – which runs from May 1 to Dec. 15 – more than 670 large ships have traveled through the Bay, breaking the speed limit 40 percent of the time.

“We’re not reaching the goals that we wanted,” said Maria Brown, a superintendent with NOAA, the agency in charge of the voluntary slow-down program. “We're trying to figure out what are the best strategies that we should be implementing.”

The NBC Bay Area Investigative Unit has spoken with Brown several times over the years to speak about the lack of compliance within the shipping industry.

“It just seems that if you spend years asking companies to voluntarily do something and they choose not to do it, it might be time to force them,” said Senior Investigative Reporter Bigad Shaban during an interview with Brown.

“ And we're asking the experts, what does that look like,” Brown replied.

NOAA could choose to make the speed limit mandatory, punishable by hefty fines, but its decision is not expected until sometime in 2023, as it gains input from the public and the shipping industry, which has long argued that slowing down could hurt its bottom line.

Large ships are required to constantly transmit their location and speed when at sea for safety reasons.

The NBC Bay Area Investigative Unit obtained and analyzed more than 25,000 of those ship traffic records and of the 10 companies traveling in and around the Bay most often, Matson Navigation, a cargo shipping company, has the worst track record, surpassing the voluntary speed limit more than 80 percent of the time so far this year.

While the recommended speed limit is 10 knots, Matson Navigation’s ships average 14 knots as it transports cars, food, household goods, and more.

“We instruct all of our vessels to abide by these voluntary programs to the greatest extent possible, given our operational requirements, and we do slow significantly through these areas,” a company spokesperson wrote in a statement.

The Investigative Unit also learned cruise lines are frequent offenders, too. While their average speed is less than one or two knots above the voluntary limit, Celebrity still cruises past that recommend speed about 64 percent of the time.  Carnival and Princess cruise lines travel above the recommended limit about 50 percent of the time.

Princess said it has “clear guidelines” for when whales are spotted nearby, which “include altering course and reducing speed as required.” The company, however, said “on occasion there are circumstances beyond our control for situations such as medical emergency or adverse weather that require us to accelerate…”

Neither Carnival nor Celebrity responded to requests for comment.

I fear that whale populations could go extinct Kathi George,  Director of Field Operations & Response for the Marine Mammal Center

“ I fear that whale populations eventually could go extinct,” said Kathi George, who heads the dispatch team at the Marine Mammal Center, which responds to wildlife strandings, including whales hit by ships. “ You will see tissue that is all macerated together – broken bones in different parts of their bodies.”

Fran, a 49-foot humpback, lovingly known as California’s most-sighted whale, recently washed up dead in the Bay, a victim of a ship strike.

"Fran's death tells me that more needs to be done,” George said. “The voluntary slowdown that we have off of our coast is not enough to save all the whales.”

While the federal government’s voluntary speed limit has been in place since 2015, annual compliance among the shipping industry has plateaued in recent years, remaining around 60 percent.

“It would be like speeding through your neighborhood and caring nothing about either the speed limit or about the safety of kids and people in your neighborhood,” McCauley said. “This is what's happening, unfortunately, right here at sea.”

In an effort to reduce whale deaths, the Marine Mammal Center partnered with the Benioff Ocean Sciences Laboratory to create ‘Whale Safe,’ a sort of whale forecast for vessels, so shipping companies can better educate themselves on when to adjust speeds or routes in hopes of avoiding whales.

The online tool incorporates real-time whale sightings, satellite data that tracks likely food sources, and an underwater detection system that is attached to a buoy about 25 miles off the San Francisco coast. The technology, placed about 300 feet below the ocean’s surface, is constantly listening for the sultry sound of whales.

“This gives us visibility and lets us kind of peek under the top layer of the ocean and see what's out there,” George said. “We have an opportunity to take some action and not accept the status quo for the status quo and really make a difference.”

Since Whale Safe set up its sound detection system in August, it has been able to identify endangered whales in the area more than 300 times.  Some scientists, however, remain skeptical on just how useful the program will be since it cannot pinpoint exact locations of whales.

Still, MSC – a global container shipping company – says it is already taking steps to incorporate the technology right onto its vessels.

“This live information will make it easier for the captains to be made aware, versus making the last-minute detours,” said Stanley Kwiaton, who manages MSC marine operations on the west coast. “You sometimes have to do the right thing and not always look to be the quickest, fastest.  We have to all protect this planet.”

Certain whales off the California coast, like the blue whale, are so vulnerable that as little as four deaths a year could sink the population.

“It's the ecosystem of our ocean,” George said. “We shouldn't be out there accidentally or needlessly killing something because we want to get something faster or quicker.” 

Additional Contributors Design and development: Nelson Hsu and Amy O’Kruk/NBC

Watch Our Entire Series:

• Part 1: Hundreds of Endangered Whales Likely Killed off CA Coast Over Past Decade
• Part 2: ‘Ship Strikes' Killing Whales Despite Govt. Program to Slow Down Vessels
• Part 3: Trump Administration Facing Legal Action Over ‘Ship Strikes' Killing Endangered Whales
• Part 4: Environmentalists Wage Legal Battle to Curb Whale Deaths Off California Coast
• Part 5: Cruises, Cargo Ships Break Voluntary Speed Limit Aimed at Protecting Whales

How fast do cruise ships go: Unraveling the Speed Secrets of Cruise Ships

Have you ever wondered, “How fast do cruise ships go?” or “How far can a cruise ship travel in a day?” Setting sail on a cruise is an exhilarating experience, with the vast ocean expanse unfolding before you. Join us as we embark on a deep dive into the captivating realm of cruise ship speeds, uncovering the technological marvels that propel these ocean giants and exploring examples from renowned cruise lines.

1. Cruise Ship Speed Basics:

When picturing a cruise ship, images of leisurely voyages across calm waters often come to mind. But have you ever wondered how fast these massive vessels actually travel? Let’s dive into the basics of cruise ship speed:

Measuring Speed:

Cruise ship speed is typically measured in knots , which are nautical miles per hour (1 knot = 1.852 km/h). Unlike land vehicles with speedometers, cruise ships rely on a log to measure speed. This log throws a line with a weighted impeller attached, and the speed is determined by the number of rotations per unit time.

Average Speed:

The average cruise ship travels at a speed of around 20 knots (23 mph) when cruising. However, this can vary depending on several factors:

• Ship Size and Design:  Larger ships often have more powerful engines, allowing for higher speeds. Newer ships also tend to be more aerodynamic and efficient, contributing to faster cruising speeds.
• Weather Conditions:  Rough seas and strong winds can significantly slow down a ship. Cruise lines typically adjust speed to ensure passenger comfort and safety.
• Itinerary:  If a cruise has multiple ports of call close together, the ship may need to travel faster to maintain the schedule. Conversely, cruises with longer stretches at sea might cruise at slower speeds for fuel efficiency and a more relaxed atmosphere.
• Fuel Efficiency:  Cruise lines are increasingly focused on reducing fuel consumption and emissions. Newer ships often have features like optimized hull designs and advanced propulsion systems that allow for efficient cruising at lower speeds.

Maximum Speed:

Most modern cruise ships have a maximum speed of around 30 knots (34.5 mph) . However, they rarely reach this speed due to the factors mentioned above. Exceeding cruising speed can also be uncomfortable for passengers due to increased vibration and noise.

2. Notable Cruise Line Examples:

Let’s take a closer look at the speed prowess of some notable cruise lines:

• Royal Caribbean’s Oasis Class: Despite their massive size, ships like the Oasis of the Seas can achieve speeds of up to 22 knots.
• High-Speed Ferries: Smaller vessels, resembling cruise ships, but categorized as high-speed ferries, can surpass 30 knots.
• The fastest cruise ship in the world, the  Royal Caribbean International’s Anthem of the Seas , can reach a top speed of 42 knots (48.6 mph). However, this is only used in emergency situations.

3. Propulsion Systems at Play: Cruise ships utilize diverse propulsion systems for efficient navigation. These include:

• Diesel-Electric Propulsion: A prevalent choice in modern ships, offering flexibility and fuel efficiency.
• Azipod Propulsion: These innovative podded units contribute to both maneuverability and speed.
• Gas Turbines: Some cruise liners incorporate gas turbines to bolster power output during instances demanding higher speeds.

4. Safety Prioritization: Safety takes precedence over speed in the cruise industry. Considerations such as weather conditions and the imperative for smooth navigation dictate captains’ decisions regarding cruising speeds.

5. Navigation Precision: Cruise ships deploy advanced navigation technologies, including GPS, radar, and sonar systems, ensuring precise maneuvering even at elevated speeds.

6. Daily Distance Covered:

The daily distance covered by a cruise ship can vary significantly depending on several factors, including:

Cruising speed: As mentioned previously, the average cruise ship travels at around 20 knots (23 mph) when cruising. However, this can range from 15-30 knots depending on the factors discussed earlier like ship size, weather, and itinerary

Itinerary: The planned route and number of ports of call significantly impact daily distance. Cruises with multiple close-by ports might cover shorter distances daily, while those with longer stretches at sea or farther-flung destinations might travel farther.

Duration: Shorter cruises naturally cover less distance per day compared to longer voyages.

Specific examples:

• A 7-day Caribbean cruise with multiple ports might cover around 200-300 nautical miles per day.
• A transatlantic crossing could involve daily distances of 500-600 nautical miles.
• A repositioning cruise between continents might cover even greater distances, reaching 800-1000 nautical miles per day.

Finding specific information:

Cruise lines typically publish itineraries showcasing the ports of call and estimated sailing times. Based on the sailing times and average cruising speed, you can estimate the daily distance. Additionally, some cruise booking websites and online resources provide tools to calculate daily distances based on the chosen itinerary.

Remember, daily distance is just one aspect of your cruise experience. Consider factors like destinations, onboard activities, and overall atmosphere when making your decision.

Cruise ship speeds represent a delicate balance of maritime engineering, combining technological sophistication with a commitment to passenger safety and comfort. As you embark on your next cruise adventure, take a moment to appreciate the engineering marvels that propel you across the seas at a controlled and comfortable pace. Bon voyage!

Here are official links from reputable sources and cruise lines for more information:

• Royal Caribbean – Cruise Ship Speed
• Carnival Cruise Line – Ship Fact

You may also like: Best River Cruise in USA

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Cruise Rules and Regulations, Plus Travel Documents and Information

Your cruise line or travel agent can alert you to some of the cruise rules, regulations and restrictions that you need to know about for your next vacation at sea, but you can't count on them to tell you everything. It's best to educate yourself on the latest travel guidelines, including any travel documents required, before your next sailing -- especially as getting things wrong can lead to more travel hassles, extra expenses and possibly being denied boarding at the pier.

At best, the overview provided here is a snapshot. You'll want to double-check the current guidelines (with a site like travel.state.gov for U.S. citizens) as they pertain to your specific travel plans. To that end, we've provided you with your very own toolbox of internet resources, in addition to our general overview.

On This Page

What documents do i need for a cruise, cruise rules, regulations and restrictions, air travel information for your cruise.

For U.S. citizens, passports are necessary for travel by land, sea or air anywhere outside the United States. American citizens may opt instead to use a U.S. Passport Card when traveling by land or sea (not air) between the United States and Canada, Mexico, Bermuda or the Caribbean. Approved by the U.S. Department of State, the card is a limited-use passport reduced down to the size of a driver's license. Most cruise lines require that the passport or passport card be valid for at least six months following the completion of your travels.

One exception to the passport or passport card rule applies to "closed-loop" cruises -- itineraries that begin and end at the same U.S. port. Passengers on these cruises still need to present a government-issued photo ID (such as a driver's license) and proof of citizenship (like a government-issued birth certificate), but they are not required to carry passports. Note that for kids younger than 16 years of age, a birth certificate (or its equivalent) alone will suffice.

However, we recommend passports even for closed-loop sailings because in the case of an emergency -- such as an injury or illness that forces you to debark early in a foreign port -- a passport will make it much easier to handle unexpected return travel by air. Also, some ports, like Martinique and Guadeloupe, will not allow you to enter the country without a passport, even on a closed-loop cruise.

Passengers without acceptable identification will not be allowed onboard and will not receive a refund if they miss the cruise for lack of correct documentation.

For more information, check out our sister website SmarterTravel.com's Passport Center .

For Americans, some popular cruise destinations, such as Russia and Australia, require visas . Check with your cruise line because individual country policies can vary. For instance, in Russia, if you plan to purchase a ship's shore excursion, the visa requirement is waived. If you choose to tour with a government-approved independent tour operator, you may also bypass the visa restriction. But if you plan to wander around ashore on your own, you'll have to secure a visa ahead of time.

Other countries, like Egypt and Turkey, will allow cruise ships to acquire "blanket visas" or visa waivers that cover all passengers for short visits of up to 72 hours. In this case, you typically won't have to do a thing (but do check with your cruise line beforehand, just in case).

For more information or to apply for a visa, contact the appropriate consulate or embassy near you; visas can also be obtained through third-party visa service companies, but you will pay an extra processing fee for the convenience.

Bottom line: The visa requirement is your responsibility, not the cruise line's. Double-check any information given to you by the cruise line regarding visas, and if you think you might need to apply for one, make sure you start the process well in advance of your trip.

Proof of Vaccination

Generally, vaccinations are not required for travel to cruise destinations, though many countries do list vaccine recommendations for travelers. (Taking medications to prevent malaria transmission in affected areas is a commonplace suggestion, for instance.) The main, albeit rare, exception is for yellow fever inoculations. If you are traveling to or have recently visited one of the 47 African countries or 13 South or Central American nations where there is a risk of yellow fever, you might be required to present proof of vaccination to enter ports in several countries like the Bahamas, Belize, Cambodia, China, Egypt, Mexico and more.

Cruise Boarding Documents

In order to board the ship, you'll need to show up at the embarkation terminal with your cruise boarding documents and personal identification in hand. The required boarding documents can typically be printed out at home ahead of time; some lines will still send them out via old-fashioned snail mail.

There will also be a credit card authorization form to set up your cashless onboard account, as well as a health questionnaire to assess your current state of health. (This is a safeguard against norovirus and other illnesses that could potentially be spread onboard.) Today, due to increased security requirements, many cruise lines require you to fill out the required documentation via online check-in ahead of your arrival at the cruise terminal; this step also helps to expedite lines at the pier.

In some ports (including Nassau), you might need a valid ID in addition to your cruise card to re-board your ship. Check requirements before disembarking.

Family Documentation

On some cruise lines or on certain itineraries, a single parent traveling with children might be required to show a letter of permission from the second parent. If parent and child don't share a last name, many lines require additional documentation (like the child's passport and birth certificate) as proof of the relationship. Grandparents or other guardians traveling with minors without either of their parents will also need a letter of consent from a parent and often an official form from the cruise line. Note that further documentation could be required for boarding an airplane for international flights; you can check in with the U.S. Department of State to verify what documentation is needed by country.

Also, if you plan to cruise while pregnant, many cruise lines require written approval from a doctor. See our mini-guide to cruising while pregnant for more.

Useful websites:

Passport Application

Center for Disease Control

Passenger Limitations

Most cruise lines will not allow women to sail in the third trimester of pregnancy; you must typically be 24 weeks pregnant or less on the day of disembarkation in order to cruise.

Babies must typically be at least 12 months old for trans-ocean, "exotic" or world cruises and 6 months old for all other cruise destinations (with some exceptions). Some adult-oriented ships don't allow children at all.

Note that on most cruise lines, passengers must be at least 18 or 21 years of age in order to travel on their own, without the accompaniment of a parent or guardian. Read up on such age restrictions in our Cruise Line Age Policies .

Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Requirements and Customs Clearance

The DHS requires cruise lines to provide a final passenger manifest at least an hour before departure. The deadline is one reason why cruise lines have encouraged passengers to provide their personal information well in advance of sailing via online check-in.

DHS also manages the U.S. Customs and Border Protection agency, in charge of processing passengers as they disembark the ship back in the U.S. For clearance, you'll be required to fill out a customs form and present your passport to immigration officials, either on the ship or in the cruise terminal. Be sure to hold on to receipts in order to declare goods purchased aboard, and to adhere to allowances for purchases of popular items like alcohol, cigarettes and cigars.

U.S. citizens and permanent residents looking for a shortcut on the customs line can apply for the Global Entry card ahead of their sailing, which allows for expedited customs clearance via an automated kiosk; at press time, however, note that Port Everglades in Fort Lauderdale is the only cruise port equipped to accept Global Entry passengers. Also at Port Everglades, cruisers can opt to speed up their entry through customs by downloading the free official Mobile Passport app, which allows them access to a specially designated (and often short) passport control line.

Note that local custom and immigration officials in other countries have their own clearance procedures in place for debarkation, which can vary based on the port of call and the nationality of disembarking passengers; your cruise line will provide related instructions for local protocol and practices aboard the ship, ahead of arrival.

Deposit and Booking Requirements

Note that cruises can typically be booked as far as 18 months in advance to as little as a week ahead of the scheduled sailing date. Lines do not require that you pay in full when booking. Rather, an initial deposit is required, which typically ranges in the amount of $250 to $1,000. The balance must usually be paid one to three months in advance of the sailing. Deposits are normally fully refundable if you cancel your sailing before the final payment is due. Likewise, advance cruise payments can usually be fully or partially refunded (sometimes minus a service fee) if the trip is canceled well in advance of the sail date. (Precise time frames vary by cruise line.)

For more, see What to Expect on a Cruise: Booking a Cruise and Cruise Line Cancellation Policies: A Closer Look .

Luggage Restrictions and Dress Codes

Note that, although there are no strict rules on the amount of luggage passengers can bring onboard a cruise, most line recommend no more than two checked bags per person. Cruise lines also have restrictions on items that passengers can bring on the ship with them, like travel irons and alcohol. (See What Not to Pack: 5 Things You Want to Bring on a Cruise -- But Shouldn't .) Also keep in mind that certain cruise lines have dress codes: See our Cruise Line Dress Codes story for more insight on just what to pack in the clothing department, by cruise line.

Smoking Policies

Cruise lines limit the areas in which passengers can smoke cigarettes, with even fewer locations where you can smoke a pipe or cigar. Nearly every cruise ship prohibits smoking in cabins -- including balconies -- and in restaurants. Smoking areas are restricted to select areas of outer decks and possibly one side of a nightclub or lounge or the casino. (See our story on Cruise Line Smoking Policies .)

Safety Drills

All passengers are required to attend on onboard safety drill, also known as the muster drill . As part of the drill, attendance is taken at muster stations, and crew members check all cabins to make sure passengers aren't hiding in their rooms. Failure to show up at the drill can result in penalties, including disembarkation from the ship.

Department of Homeland Security

Cruise Line Web Sites

Be forewarned: Airline regulations vary wildly. Here we're offering a sampling, culled from American and Delta. (If you're flying with another airline, check for their own specifics.) For more information, check out SmarterTravel.com's What to Expect at the Airport article.

Checking In

The recommended time to arrive at the airport is currently 90 minutes to two hours before departure for domestic and three hours before departure for most international flights. (Baggage check-in cutoff times depend on the airport and whether you're traveling in the U.S. or internationally.) While the airlines officially state that a passenger (with baggage to check) must have checked in at least 30 to 60 minutes in advance of flight time for a domestic flight, you might want to allow for more time, especially during busy holiday seasons.

Just remember: Requirements can change at a moment's notice. If you are returning to the States from any foreign destination, check with your airline for its current requirements; international airports and airlines often have different rules and procedures for check-in.

Carry-On Restrictions

In accordance with TSA (the agency responsible for airport security) regulations, all liquids, gels, aerosols, creams and pastes being carried on must be in 3.4-ounce or smaller containers, and they must be packed in a single one-quart-sized clear, re-sealable plastic bag. Exceptions include liquid medicines and baby food/milk. For more information, read the Airport Security Q&A from SmarterTravel.com.

Other rules: Most U.S. airlines limit carry-ons to one, plus one personal item. Personal items include computer and camera bags, purses, briefcases and other small bags that can fit under the seat in front of you. Items including crutches, canes, wheelchairs, walkers, purchased food (for onboard consumption) and outer garments are exempt. Many airlines also do not count items for lap infants, such as umbrella strollers or safety seats; check with your airline for its specific regulations. (Strollers and car seats can often be gate-checked free of charge.)

Anticipate a size restriction for your main carry-on. Maximum linear size (length + width + height) for the carry-on will vary by airline, but it's generally about 45 inches. International flights and carriers may have different (often more restrictive) carry-on rules than domestic ones; first and business classes often have different restrictions than coach. Be sure to check with your airline regarding your specific situation.

Checked Luggage

Most airlines charge you to check bags. For domestic travel, Delta, American and several other U.S. carriers charge economy class passengers $25 for the first checked bag and $35 for the second bag. Baggage to some international destinations is free, while other locales carry a surcharge. (Checked bags are free for business-class and first-class travelers, holders of certain airline-sponsored credit cards and elite-level frequent flyers.) Average weight maximums are 50 pounds; otherwise, plan to pay a surcharge. Child equipment (strollers, car seats) and wheelchairs can usually be checked free of charge.

Again, check with your airline for its specific luggage policies. Some airlines like Southwest don't charge bag fees at all or allow at least the first checked bag free. International travel will have different requirements than domestic.

Packing Restrictions

There are certain items that cannot be packed in your checked luggage. The list, which is too long to print here, changes periodically, so it makes sense to check with the TSA ahead of your trip.

Airline 800 Numbers and Websites

Security Administration

© 1995— 2024 , The Independent Traveler, Inc.

I work from a cruise ship for 3 months a year. Here's how I stay productive at sea.

• Walter Biscardi runs his travel business remotely from cruise ships for three months each year.
• He said WiFi reliability has improved, but video calls and finding power outlets can be challenging.
• Biscardi recommends Virgin Voyages for remote workers because of the spaces to work and the WiFi.

This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Walter Biscardi, a 59-year-old travel agent based in Orlando. The following has been edited for length and clarity.

I used to work in film, television, documentary, and marketing, and I ran two creative agencies in Atlanta for 25 years.

A few years ago, my wife and I turned my second passion, travel, into " Where's Walter Travel ." We specialize in travel planning services for cruises , group vacations, theme park tours, and company retreats.

We live in an Orlando rental, but I run the travel-planning business from a cruise ship for three months out of the year.

We started taking advantage of our remote working situation after the pandemic

In a few short years of working on cruise ships, I've noticed that more and more people are starting to do the same thing.

We predominantly cruise the Caribbean. Last year, our three months were spread over six different trips on the Royal Caribbean , Oceania , Virgin Voyages , and Carnival cruise lines. If it were up to me, I'd be at sea for six months a year, but my wife prefers three.

This year, we'll be back on Virgin Voyages in June and on the Sun Princess in October. We're planning a few more, too.

WiFi speed and reliability onboard ships have been game-changers

I don't always look for speed but rather consistency and reliability.

Even though the WiFi is reliable on most ships , it's still not perfect, and you need to manage your expectations. The WiFi on ships is satellite-based, so the signal will be slower if there's a lot of cloud cover. Rain may also temporarily cut it out completely.

The WiFi signal in rooms can be weak. When I get on board, I walk around public places, look at the ceiling, and find the repeaters , which amplify the router's signal . I park myself under a repeater to work, so at least I know I'm getting the fastest signal.

Video calls can be dicey, but voice calls over WiFi work well

Most of my work is using emails, social media apps, and a web browser, so I don't tend to have problems. The upload speed is the most difficult thing about working on a cruise ship.

Working from a cruise ship might not be for you if you're required to upload a video to YouTube or be on video for 100% of your Zoom calls. Zoom with video turned off works well. I post TikToks all day, but uploading to YouTube will fail almost every time.

Turn off your cell service on the ship, even if you have unlimited roaming overseas. Phones use satellite maritime cellular, and it's ridiculously expensive. I've heard of people who have come home with $1,000 cellular bills because they didn't turn off their roaming.

I can typically make most of my calls over WiFi, but you won't be able to on some ships. Texting from ship to land usually works well if you're using the same type of phone as the person you're messaging, but when you're texting cross-platform, sometimes it doesn't work.

Finding power outlets can be challenging

Typically, if you need to put in a full day of work connected to power, you need to stay in your room. One tip to finding power when you're looking around public areas is to see where they plug in the vacuum cleaners.

I strongly recommend bringing a powerboard with multiple USB sockets. I have one with 10 USB connections, so I can charge my phone, GoPro, and other devices simultaneously.

Virgin Voyages ships are the most friendly for remote workers

The galley on a Virgin Voyages ship is set up like a coffee shop, with easily accessible power and USB sockets at the table. There are dozens of outlets, as they're inviting people to bring their laptops and work from the ship.

I usually upgrade to the premium WiFi option, which can cost anywhere from $19 to $39 per day on most lines, but Virgin only charges $10 per day to upgrade.

I work in an office at home, so working on a cruise is a big change

I operate at sea as I do on land, with the same office hours available to my clients other than when I know we're going on an excursion.

Cruise ships are comparable to remote working spaces, but they offer so much more. On a cruise, almost everything is included: breakfast, lunch, dinner, coffee, entertainment, and most amenities.

If I want to take a break from work, I go to the pool. When I finish for the day, I'll go to the theater to see a show.

Meeting places are usually free on a cruise ship. Generally, all you have to do is reserve a conference room. AV facilities are usually included too, although you may have to pay a setup fee.

Remember to be respectful — many people are on board for a vacation. I've been out by the pool and seen people taking business calls on speakerphone, which is ridiculously annoying.

I suggest picking at least one port on every cruise and make it a 'ship day'

About 75% of people will get off the ship at any port, so staying on board feels like you have the whole place to yourself.

Activities like the pools will still be open, and the spas will often discount their services by 20-40% on port days.

Of course, I still recommend getting off and exploring as much as possible — that's what cruises are for.

If you enjoyed this story, be sure to follow Business Insider on Microsoft Start.

• Holland America Line

Norway Fjord Restricted in 2025

By St Pete Cruiser , July 14, 2023 in Holland America Line

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St Pete Cruiser

We were advised onboard the Noordam back in April that Norway will restrict cruise ships from entering their "best" Unisco fjords beginning in 2025, unless they are zero emissions powered. Read electric as LNG still have emissions. Hurtigruten has a diesel powered ship that can run on battery as do some Scandinavian ferries. A friend forwarded a pic of the Viking Jupiter in Eidfjord along with the Statendam showing the blue emissions from the Jupiter despite Vikings claim of being a clean hybrid ship. I can understand Norway's reluctance to have their pristine fjords polluted. 

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3 minutes ago, St Pete Cruiser said: We were advised onboard the Noordam back in April that Norway will restrict cruise ships from entering their "best" Unisco fjords beginning in 2025, unless they are zero emissions powered. Read electric as LNG still have emissions. Hurtigruten has a diesel powered ship that can run on battery as do some Scandinavian ferries. A friend forwarded a pic of the Viking Jupiter in Eidfjord along with the Statendam showing the blue emissions from the Jupiter despite Vikings claim of being a clean hybrid ship. I can understand Norway's reluctance to have their pristine fjords polluted.   

Not sure where you are getting your information regarding Viking. At no time have Viking stated that the Jupiter, which was ocean ship # 6, is a clean hybrid ship. The Jupiter has 4 medium speed prime movers in a diesel/electric system, with exhaust gas scrubbers. It has no LNG or Hydrogen propulsion options. The Jupiter is a clean ship, but is not zero emission.

Your photo may have white balance issues, as having spent 100 days on ship # 4, most of the emissions were white, which is mostly steam or water vapour.

Viking's hybrid ships are starting with the latest ship ( # 10), which has a small hydrogen fuel cell, with the technology being expanded in the next vessel (# 11) entering service next year.

cruisemom42

Also, the ban on certain UNESCO enrolled fjords (including Geiranger and Flam) does not begin until January 1, 2026, so the 2025 season is still planned.

1 hour ago, cruisemom42 said: Also, the ban on certain UNESCO enrolled fjords (including Geiranger and Flam) does not begin until January 1, 2026, so the 2025 season is still planned.    

You are correct. Thanks. Two seasons after this year.

Trade publications written with information supplied by Viking/Fincantieri have claimed that they are hybrid ships. Even Viking's own publications:

" Viking Star   and her sister ships feature energy-efficient hybrid engines, a hydrodynamically optimized streamlined hull for maximum fuel efficiency and equipment that limits exhaust."

11 hours ago, Heartgrove said: Trade publications written with information supplied by Viking/Fincantieri have claimed that they are hybrid ships. Even Viking's own publications:   " Viking Star   and her sister ships feature energy-efficient hybrid engines, a hydrodynamically optimized streamlined hull for maximum fuel efficiency and equipment that limits exhaust."  

I also read lots of trade publications and have been in the Engine Room of Viking Sun. They are fitted with 4 x MAN 32/44 Common Rail, medium speed diesels capable of burning heavy FO in a Diesel/Electric configuration, which is standard for most cruise ships. Two are 9 cylinder and the other two are 12 cylinder.

When in the Engine Room, we were not advised of any high voltage batteries that would be required for a hybrid system and I have not seen any publication mention batteries. When I looked at the power distribution board I do not recall seeing any input source from high voltage batteries.

I have sailed with similar MAN engines and they certainly weren't hybrids.

4 hours ago, Heidi13 said:   I also read lots of trade publications and have been in the Engine Room of Viking Sun. They are fitted with 4 x MAN 32/44 Common Rail, medium speed diesels capable of burning heavy FO in a Diesel/Electric configuration, which is standard for most cruise ships. Two are 9 cylinder and the other two are 12 cylinder.   When in the Engine Room, we were not advised of any high voltage batteries that would be required for a hybrid system and I have not seen any publication mention batteries. When I looked at the power distribution board I do not recall seeing any input source from high voltage batteries.   I have sailed with similar MAN engines and they certainly weren't hybrids.

Yes, I agree with you with that being the case. My point is the quote I provided is from Viking's own website. It is Viking that is referring to their ships as "hybrids."  This is the page that has the quote I referenced.

https://www.vikingcruises.com/oceans/video/ships/viking-star-built-to-be-green/play.html

I would note that the two new Princess builds (to be delivered in the next 2 years)  and some future RCI ships will be powered by LNG.  I have also wondered how long before some environmental groups force a similar "zero-emission" policy for cruises to places like Glacier Bay.

How do they charge the batteries with zero emissions? Even if you charge from solar, there are a lot of emissions to make the panels.

I guess this means sail only and there are going to be bunch of sailboats stuck against the fjord walls until the wind changes.

44 minutes ago, POA1 said: How do they charge the batteries with zero emissions? Even if you charge from solar, there are a lot of emissions to make the panels.   I guess this means sail only and there are going to be bunch of sailboats stuck against the fjord walls until the wind changes.

From what I've read I gather they are thinking of some type of dual system with batteries + an alternate source of fuel. The batteries would be used for cruising the fjords. Once clear of the protected fjords, the alternate power source could be used (and I suppose could also be employed to recharge the batteries).

Currently I think battery power for this usage is up to about 4 hours but that is anticipated to increase. This is all gleaned from various online sources, some of which may not be fully current.

2 hours ago, Hlitner said: I would note that the two new Princess builds (to be delivered in the next 2 years)  and some future RCI ships will be powered by LNG.  I have also wondered how long before some environmental groups force a similar "zero-emission" policy for cruises to places like Glacier Bay.   Hank

I was not aware that Princess had any new builds coming. 

The Holland America staff always say LNG is too limited in locations they cruise to.

14 minutes ago, St Pete Cruiser said: I was not aware that Princess had any new builds coming.  The Holland America staff always say LNG is too limited in locations they cruise to.

The two new Princess ships are a new class (175,000 tons) 4000 capacity that are said to be partially powered by LNG,  I am assuming (and this is all speculation) that they will have kind of backup power that uses traditional fuel.  The issue of availability of LNG has been discussed (elsewhere on CC) and can be an issue in some parts of the world.  But we are told that with more commercial ships using LNG, the availability should rapidly improve.  

When we first heard about the trend towards LNG, my first thought was that LNG might pose some new risk of accident/explosion.  A few of the mariner experts here on CC, one of whom was a chief engineer (on cruise ships and other commercial vessels) said that LNG is quite safe in a marine environment.  You can google "LNG powered ships" and read some interesting articles.  I believe that CCL has ordered 4 LNG powered ships (2 for Princess and 2 for Aida) although my info might no longer be correct.

Havila Voyages, which is the new competitor for Hurtigruten in Norway, currently has two ships and soon will have four. They are true hybrids as they depend on batteries recharged by their diesel engines and can sail up to four hours on batteries alone.

MSC began sailing their new ship MSC Euribia on voyages to Norway in June that is fueled by LNG. A duel-fuel diesel engine can be configured to use LNG and switch back to diesel fuel by the flick of a switch. Normally it will burn 98% LNG and 2% Diesel but can run on 100% diesel as well. The 2% diesel when on LNG helps with the lubrication of the fuel system.

AIDA is currently sailing the AIDAnova and has taken delivery of AIDAcosmo,  both are LNG fueled cruise ships.

2 hours ago, POA1 said: I guess this means sail only and there are going to be bunch of sailboats stuck against the fjord walls until the wind changes.

I don't know why, but I keep getting mental flashes of a Roman Galley with a crew of vegan oarsmen.  Is that ecologically friendly? hybrid? or just plain bonkers?  🤪

29 minutes ago, VMax1700 said: I don't know why, but I keep getting mental flashes of a Roman Galley with a crew of vegan oarsmen.  Is that ecologically friendly? hybrid? or just plain bonkers?  🤪          

Since we're talking about the fjords here, a Viking longship with plenty of brawny Viking rowers might be more apt?

13 minutes ago, cruisemom42 said:   Since we're talking about the fjords here, a Viking longship with plenty of brawny Viking rowers might be more apt?  

whatever turns you on  😉 🤣

I suppose that should really be: 'whatever rocks your boat'  😉

I was trying to work out which would possibly be the most vegan and none really filled that criteria.

2 hours ago, Heartgrove said: Havila Voyages, which is the new competitor for Hurtigruten in Norway, currently has two ships and soon will have four. They are true hybrids as they depend on batteries recharged by their diesel engines and can sail up to four hours on batteries alone.   MSC began sailing their new ship MSC Euribia on voyages to Norway in June that is fueled by LNG. A duel-fuel diesel engine can be configured to use LNG and switch back to diesel fuel by the flick of a switch. Normally it will burn 98% LNG and 2% Diesel but can run on 100% diesel as well. The 2% diesel when on LNG helps with the lubrication of the fuel system.   AIDA is currently sailing the AIDAnova and has taken delivery of AIDAcosmo,  both are LNG fueled cruise ships.    

Right!! The Norwegians are serious people. As major oil exporters, they've built hydro projects to power domestic consumption. Enough to export power to their neighbours.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Norway

Leading the way.

10 hours ago, Heartgrove said:   Yes, I agree with you with that being the case. My point is the quote I provided is from Viking's own website. It is Viking that is referring to their ships as "hybrids."  This is the page that has the quote I referenced.   https://www.vikingcruises.com/oceans/video/ships/viking-star-built-to-be-green/play.html

I read their marketing materials, prior to booking the World Cruise with them. A little more research indicated they had exercised some literary liberties, expanding the truth somewhat. However, with respect to the new buildings, they will be, or closer to zero emissions.

Haven't researched hydrogen fuel cells, as I have never sailed with them, but note even LPG, which is cleaner burning, still needs to be mixed with some diesel for combustion. 

7 hours ago, Hlitner said: I would note that the two new Princess builds (to be delivered in the next 2 years)  and some future RCI ships will be powered by LNG.  I have also wondered how long before some environmental groups force a similar "zero-emission" policy for cruises to places like Glacier Bay.   Hank

If Glacier Bay goes "zero emission", the LNG burning ships won't meet that criteria. LNG burns cleaner, but is used in dual fuel engines, with a small amount of diesel (about 2 - 5%), which is required for combustion.

My last command has since been converted to LNG, but she still uses a good amount of diesel every day.

6 hours ago, POA1 said: How do they charge the batteries with zero emissions? Even if you charge from solar, there are a lot of emissions to make the panels.   I guess this means sail only and there are going to be bunch of sailboats stuck against the fjord walls until the wind changes.

The Norwegians have zero emission ships that use solar panels. They also have smaller vessels using hydrogen fuel cells. Viking, I believe is the first cruise line, to plan for hydrogen fuel cell technology on larger ships.

I don't research as thoroughly in retirement, but I don't believe the hydrogen fuel cell technology for larger vessels has received Class approval, as yet. Since Viking have publicly announced that the next vessel will include this technology, I can only assume Viking, the shipyard and Class are working on approvals, as the ship is built.

Hopefully the Chief can assist, as he has an engineering background @chengkp75  

Neither hydrogen fuel cells nor solar panels are truly zero emissions. I'm pretty sure that you are limited to sail and tides. (I'm not aware of any ship sized hydroelectric.)

If I'm wrong and you can find fuel cells and solar panels in nature, I apologize.

7 minutes ago, POA1 said: Neither hydrogen fuel cells nor solar panels are truly zero emissions. I'm pretty sure that you are limited to sail and tides. (I'm not aware of any ship sized hydroelectric.)   If I'm wrong and you can find fuel cells and solar panels in nature, I apologize.

If you are considering the manufacturing of the solar panels and hydrogen, followed by shipping to the end user and installation, then I concur they are not truly zero emission. Using that analogy, neither is sail truly zero emission, as some type of power is required for manufacturing the sails, masts, stays and associated hardware. Having used a manual palm & needle stitching canvas, I am well aware that it is impractical to complete even the extensive stitching on a sail manually.

The sailboat, while not producing emissions from the means of propulsion (once installed) still requires the production of power for operational systems and pax/crew requirements. Since the sails don't provide any electric power, the vessel still has to generate power.

Once installed and operational on a ship, I am not aware of any propulsion emissions from a solar vessel. Yes, the fuel cells emits water vapour and heated air, both of which are acceptable in zero emission zones. 

I want to thank both Heidi13 and chengkp (who is lurking somewhere) for all the professional mariner knowledge they contribute to these CC boards.  They have both taught me a lot about the industry.

One more industry that can be saved by nuclear power - long-term US Navy best practices can show the cruise industry the way.

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Norway introduces more restrictions on cruise ships

A government commission in Norway recommended strengthening the regulation of cruise ships in the country, restricting winter voyages, and clamping down on cruises to Svalbard.

Prior to the COVID crisis, complaints soared about the number of big-sized passenger ships in the Norwegian Fjords and at small ports along the coastline. For the last couple of years, Norwegian waters have been free of cruise ships. However, the recent end to international travel restrictions brought the future of the large ships into focus once again.

In March 2019, Viking Sky sailed into the most tricky stretch of Norwegian waters during a storm with ~1,300 people onboard. The ship lost power and drifted close to shore, requiring emergency services to organize a rescue operation.

The accident caused outrage within Norway. It resulted in the ministry of justice forming a commission in order to review the accident and make recommendations. The commission’s findings were presented last week and showed how Norway’s search and rescue operations were not dimensioned to handle mass evacuations of large ships with thousands of people onboard.

The commission made a total of 66 recommendations to reduce the risk of incidents, including restricting ships more than 150-m long from sailing in severe winter weather, based on the height of waves and wind strength.

New regulations have been proposed to limit the environmental impact of cruise ship traffic in the Arctic ecosystem around Svalbard.

Because emergency preparedness is more difficult the farther north cruise ships sail, the report of the commission recommended more restrictions, including a capacity limit of "no more than 750 on cruise ships sailing in Svalbard waters."

Norway previously adopted a resolution to only allow zero-emission ferries and cruise ships to sail in its UNESCO World Heritage-listed fjords ( Geirangerfjord and Naeroyfjord) by the mid-2020s.

How many of the recommendations are introduced remains to be seen. 

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I Work From a Cruise Ship for 3 Months a Year. Here's How I Stay Productive at Sea. Improved WiFi speed and reliability have been game-changers for remote workers who want to work on a cruise.

By Elle Hardy • Apr 24, 2024

Key Takeaways

• Walter Biscardi runs his travel business remotely from cruise ships for three months each year.
• He said WiFi reliability has improved, but video calls and finding power outlets can be challenging.
• Biscardi recommends Virgin Voyages for remote workers because of the spaces to work and the WiFi.

This article originally appeared on Business Insider .

This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Walter Biscardi, a 59-year-old travel agent based in Orlando. The following has been edited for length and clarity.

I used to work in film, television, documentary, and marketing, and I ran two creative agencies in Atlanta for 25 years.

A few years ago, my wife and I turned my second passion, travel, into " Where's Walter Travel ." We specialize in travel planning services for cruises , group vacations, theme park tours, and company retreats.

We live in an Orlando rental, but I run the travel-planning business from a cruise ship for three months out of the year.

We started taking advantage of our remote working situation after the pandemic

In a few short years of working on cruise ships, I've noticed that more and more people are starting to do the same thing.

We predominantly cruise the Caribbean. Last year, our three months were spread over six different trips on the Royal Caribbean , Oceania , Virgin Voyages , and Carnival cruise lines. If it were up to me, I'd be at sea for six months a year, but my wife prefers three.

This year, we'll be back on Virgin Voyages in June and on the Sun Princess in October. We're planning a few more, too.

WiFi speed and reliability onboard ships have been game-changers

Working remotely on the Sky Princess. Walter Biscardi via BI

I don't always look for speed but rather consistency and reliability.

Even though the WiFi is reliable on most ships , it's still not perfect, and you need to manage your expectations. The WiFi on ships is satellite-based, so the signal will be slower if there's a lot of cloud cover. Rain may also temporarily cut it out completely.

The WiFi signal in rooms can be weak. When I get on board, I walk around public places, look at the ceiling, and find the repeaters, which amplify the router's signal. I park myself under a repeater to work, so at least I know I'm getting the fastest signal.

Video calls can be dicey, but voice calls over WiFi work well

Most of my work is using emails, social media apps, and a web browser, so I don't tend to have problems. The upload speed is the most difficult thing about working on a cruise ship.

Working from a cruise ship might not be for you if you're required to upload a video to YouTube or be on video for 100% of your Zoom calls. Zoom with video turned off works well. I post TikToks all day, but uploading to YouTube will fail almost every time.

Turn off your cell service on the ship, even if you have unlimited roaming overseas. Phones use satellite maritime cellular, and it's ridiculously expensive. I've heard of people who have come home with $1,000 cellular bills because they didn't turn off their roaming.

I can typically make most of my calls over WiFi, but you won't be able to on some ships. Texting from ship to land usually works well if you're using the same type of phone as the person you're messaging, but when you're texting cross-platform, sometimes it doesn't work.

Finding power outlets can be challenging

Outlets on the Scarlet Lady. Walter Biscardi via BI

Typically, if you need to put in a full day of work connected to power, you need to stay in your room. One tip to finding power when you're looking around public areas is to see where they plug in the vacuum cleaners.

I strongly recommend bringing a powerboard with multiple USB sockets. I have one with 10 USB connections, so I can charge my phone, GoPro, and other devices simultaneously.

Virgin Voyages ships are the most friendly for remote workers

The galley on a Virgin Voyages ship is set up like a coffee shop, with easily accessible power and USB sockets at the table. There are dozens of outlets, as they're inviting people to bring their laptops and work from the ship.

I usually upgrade to the premium WiFi option, which can cost anywhere from $19 to $39 per day on most lines, but Virgin only charges $10 per day to upgrade.

I work in an office at home, so working on a cruise is a big change

I operate at sea as I do on land, with the same office hours available to my clients other than when I know we're going on an excursion.

Cruise ships are comparable to remote working spaces, but they offer so much more. On a cruise, almost everything is included: breakfast, lunch, dinner, coffee, entertainment, and most amenities.

If I want to take a break from work, I go to the pool. When I finish for the day, I'll go to the theater to see a show.

Meeting places are usually free on a cruise ship. Generally, all you have to do is reserve a conference room. AV facilities are usually included too, although you may have to pay a setup fee.

Remember to be respectful — many people are on board for a vacation. I've been out by the pool and seen people taking business calls on speakerphone, which is ridiculously annoying.

I suggest picking at least one port on every cruise and make it a 'ship day'

About 75% of people will get off the ship at any port, so staying on board feels like you have the whole place to yourself.

Activities like the pools will still be open, and the spas will often discount their services by 20-40% on port days.

Of course, I still recommend getting off and exploring as much as possible — that's what cruises are for.

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Greece Announces New Plan to Protect Some of Its Pristine Beaches

The government has pledged to crack down on rapid development, and on seaside businesses seeking to take advantage of a tourist boom. But some residents and conservationists are unimpressed.

By Niki Kitsantonis

Reporting from Athens

The Greek government on Friday published a list of 198 “untrodden beaches” that it said are now off limits to bars, restaurants and large public gatherings in its latest attempt to contain development and address the backlash to the throngs of tourists that descend on the country’s coastlines each year.

The move comes amid growing frustration among residents of Greek islands and parts of the coastal mainland that are popular with foreign visitors. Protests ballooned into a nationwide “beach towel movement” last summer as disgruntled locals complained that they were being pushed off their own beaches by businesses seeking to take advantage of a tourist boom that brought more than 32 million foreign visitors to Greece last year .

On the country’s Cycladic islands, local residents joined forces with the authorities to push back against a wave of construction .

Greece’s conservative government has pledged to crack down on the development, and on seaside businesses that violate regulations. In February it passed a law aimed at regulating the use of the country’s coastline, imposing penalties of up to 60,000 euros for businesses occupying more than 50 percent of Greek beaches with umbrellas and sun beds.

Critics said the law did not go far enough to curb the problem, with some claiming that the government was perpetuating the issue by not tackling illegal land use more comprehensively.

The list of “untrodden beaches,” unveiled in a joint agreement between Greece’s finance and environment ministers, is part of a broader effort to restore balance, the government said. “The main goal is to combine environmental protection with sustainable development,” Kostis Hatzidakis, the economy and finance minister, said on Friday.

“The environment is a valuable component of the Greek tourist product,” he said.

Under the new initiative, the government was putting public assets “under a strict framework of rules, penalties and obligations,” Mr. Hatzidakis said. Inspections and transparency would be increased, as would “the enforcement of the law,” he added.

The beaches on the list are in areas included in the European Union’s Natura program, a network of vulnerable habitats across Europe that are protected under European law. Among the beaches listed on Friday are spots on popular islands such as Milos, Naxos, Lesbos, Samothrace and in the southern Peloponnese peninsula.

The islands were selected based on the advice of the country’s Natural Environment and Climate Change Agency and are all “areas of high ecological importance,” Theodoros Skylakakis, the environment and energy minister, said on Friday.

Under the new initiative, no section of those beaches can be auctioned off for commercial use, and the presence of sun-loungers and umbrellas will be prohibited, as will the organization of public events involving more than 10 people.

Another initiative being introduced by the government is a new app called “MyCoast,” on which people can report violations.

Some environmentalists in Greece were not impressed by Friday’s announcement. Eleni Andrianopoulou, a resident of Naxos and a member of a local “Save the beaches” group, said the government’s original plan had been for more than 1,000 beaches nationwide to be covered, adding that Natura areas require “real protection.”

“From the beginning we had stressed that this reform for untrodden beaches was a fraud.”

Demetre Karavellas, director of the World Wildlife Fund Greece, said the authorities were jumping the gun with their list of pristine beaches, noting that there are more than 100 marine and coastal areas in Greece that are recognized by the Natura program but have yet to be effectively managed or conserved.

“The government should start by complying with its basic legal obligations before creating new vague categories of protection,” he said.

Niki Kitsantonis is a freelance correspondent for The Times based in Athens. She has been writing about Greece for 20 years, including more than a decade of coverage for The Times. More about Niki Kitsantonis