travel to dubai with hiv

Understanding Hiv Travel Restrictions In Dubai: What You Need To Know

• Last updated Sep 02, 2023
• Difficulty Intemediate

• Category United States

Dubai, known for its glitz, glamour, and towering skyscrapers, is a popular tourist destination. However, amidst the bustling cityscape, there are several important considerations for travelers with HIV. Dubai imposes certain travel restrictions for individuals living with HIV, which have generated controversy and debate. In this article, we will explore the details of these restrictions, discuss their implications, and evaluate the impact on both travelers and the reputation of Dubai as a global tourism hub.

What You'll Learn

What are the current travel restrictions for individuals with hiv in dubai, are there any specific requirements or documentation needed to enter dubai with hiv, how does dubai's policy on hiv travel restrictions compare to other countries in the region, are there any exceptions or exemptions for travel restrictions for individuals with hiv in dubai, what is the rationale behind dubai's hiv travel restrictions.

As of my last update, there are no specific travel restrictions for individuals with HIV in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Dubai is a popular tourist destination known for its luxurious hotels, stunning architectural marvels, and vibrant nightlife.

Dubai is quite welcoming to tourists from all over the world, including those living with HIV. The UAE does not have any specific entry restrictions for individuals with HIV. The country has a policy of non-discrimination towards individuals with HIV, and there are no requirements to disclose your HIV status when entering the country.

However, it is always recommended to check the latest travel requirements and guidelines before planning your trip. Embassy websites, travel advisories, and the official government websites of the UAE, including the Dubai Health Authority, are reliable sources of information. These sources will provide the most up-to-date information on any changes to travel policies or entry requirements related to HIV.

It is also important to note that while there are no travel restrictions for individuals with HIV, other general travel requirements may still apply. These may include having a valid passport with at least six months of validity, obtaining a visa if required for your nationality, and having travel insurance. It is advisable to consult with the relevant authorities or your travel agent to ensure that you meet all the necessary requirements.

When traveling to Dubai or any other destination, it is always a good idea to carry your HIV medications in your carry-on luggage, along with the necessary prescriptions or medical documentation. This will help you in case you need to access medical care or refill your prescriptions while abroad.

It is important to note that HIV is generally a manageable condition, and individuals living with HIV can lead normal lives, including traveling to different countries. With proper medication adherence and regular healthcare, individuals with HIV can maintain their health and well-being while enjoying their travels.

In summary, there are currently no specific travel restrictions for individuals with HIV in Dubai, UAE. The country has a policy of non-discrimination towards individuals with HIV, and there are no requirements to disclose your HIV status when entering the country. However, it is always advisable to check the latest travel requirements and guidelines before planning your trip and ensure you meet all the necessary requirements for entry.

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Dubai, a popular tourist destination known for its gleaming skyscrapers, luxurious hotels, and sandy beaches, welcomes tourists from all around the globe. However, it is essential to understand the specific requirements and documentation needed to enter Dubai if you have HIV.

HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is a medical condition that affects the immune system. Many countries have specific regulations regarding the entry of individuals with HIV, and Dubai is no exception. In Dubai, the rules and regulations for visitors with HIV are quite clear and straightforward.

Firstly, it is important to note that Dubai does not have any specific travel restrictions for individuals with HIV. Unlike some countries that have explicit bans or limitations, Dubai allows people with HIV to enter the country for tourism or business purposes freely.

However, travelers with HIV should be aware of a few important factors before planning their trip to Dubai. It is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the medical requirements, documentation, and guidelines set by the Dubai Health Authority (DHA).

One of the primary requirements for individuals with HIV entering Dubai is the need to obtain a medical fitness certificate. This certificate should be issued by a recognized medical institution and include an HIV test. The test should indicate that the individual is HIV positive, as well as their CD4 count, viral load, and details of any ongoing treatment or medication.

The medical fitness certificate should also confirm that the individual is physically fit for travel and does not pose any health risks to others. It is important to note that the certificate should be issued within a specific timeframe before the travel date. The exact validity period may vary, so it is advisable to check with the airline or local embassy for the most accurate and up-to-date information.

Additionally, it is necessary to carry a sufficient supply of medication for the duration of the stay in Dubai. It is recommended to carry the medication in its original packaging, along with the prescription or a doctor's note certifying the need for the medication.

Travelers with HIV should also be aware that it is essential to respect local customs and traditions when visiting Dubai. Public displays of affection, including kissing, hugging, or any other intimate behavior, are not acceptable in public places.

It is important to remember that HIV is a sensitive and confidential medical condition. Therefore, it is advisable to take precautions to safeguard one's privacy and confidentiality while traveling.

In conclusion, traveling to Dubai with HIV is possible, as Dubai does not have specific travel restrictions for individuals with the virus. However, it is crucial to comply with the medical requirements, documentation, and guidelines set by the Dubai Health Authority. Obtaining a medical fitness certificate, carrying an adequate supply of medication, and respecting local customs and traditions are all important factors to consider when planning a trip to Dubai. It is always recommended to consult with the airline or local embassy for the most accurate and up-to-date information before traveling.

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Dubai, as one of the most popular tourist destinations in the Middle East, has been working towards implementing progressive policies to promote inclusivity and fight the stigma surrounding HIV. However, its policies on HIV travel restrictions still remain relatively stringent compared to some other countries in the region.

Currently, Dubai imposes certain restrictions on travelers with HIV. According to the U.S. Department of State's travel advisory, individuals with HIV are not allowed to work or reside in Dubai. Additionally, HIV status is checked during the mandatory medical screening for residency and work visa applications. If a person is found to be HIV positive, their visa application can be denied, and they may be deported if they are already residing in Dubai.

While these policies may seem discriminatory, it is important to note that Dubai's approach is not unique in the region. Many Middle Eastern countries, such as Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Oman, also have similar restrictions on individuals with HIV. These policies are often justified on the grounds of protecting public health and safety.

However, it is worth mentioning that some countries in the region have taken steps towards more inclusive policies. For example, Bahrain, a neighboring country to Dubai, lifted its HIV travel restrictions in 2017. This move was celebrated as a significant step forward in promoting the rights of people living with HIV, and it showcased a more progressive approach compared to some other countries in the region.

Moreover, globally, there has been a growing recognition of the need to dismantle HIV-related travel restrictions. In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly committed to eliminating HIV travel restrictions by 2020 as part of the Sustainable Development Goals. This commitment reflects a global shift towards promoting inclusivity and human rights for people living with HIV.

It is important to acknowledge that Dubai has made progress in terms of raising awareness about HIV and reducing stigma. The city hosts various initiatives and events to educate the public about HIV prevention and treatment. Additionally, there are support services available for individuals living with HIV in Dubai. These efforts reflect a positive trend towards creating a more inclusive society in the city.

In conclusion, Dubai's policies on HIV travel restrictions are relatively stringent compared to some other countries in the region, such as Bahrain. However, it is important to note that these policies are not unique to Dubai and are seen in many countries in the Middle East. Globally, there is a growing recognition of the need to eliminate HIV-related travel restrictions, and this shift towards inclusivity is being reflected in some neighboring countries. Dubai, too, has made progress in reducing stigma and promoting awareness about HIV.

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Dubai is a popular destination for tourists and business travelers from around the world. However, it is important to note that there are certain travel restrictions in place for individuals with HIV.

Dubai's immigration laws state that individuals with HIV are not allowed to enter the country. This applies to both tourists and individuals seeking employment or residency in Dubai. The country prohibits the entry, residence, or work of individuals with communicable diseases such as HIV. This policy is in place to protect public health and prevent the spread of diseases.

It is worth mentioning that Dubai's immigration policies are strict, and they are enforced rigorously. Upon entry into the country, all visitors are required to undergo a medical examination, including an HIV test. If an individual tests positive for HIV, they will be denied entry into the country and may be deported.

However, there are a few exceptions to this policy. Individuals who are already residents in Dubai and are diagnosed with HIV after their arrival may be permitted to stay in the country. These individuals will receive medical treatment for their condition and will be closely monitored to prevent transmission of the virus to others.

Additionally, for individuals who are merely transiting through Dubai, the immigration authorities typically do not require them to undergo a medical examination unless they plan to leave the airport and enter the country. In such cases, if they do test positive for HIV, they will be denied entry.

Furthermore, it is important to note that Dubai's policies regarding HIV restrictions may change over time. It is recommended for individuals with HIV to check with the official embassy or consulate of the United Arab Emirates for the most up-to-date information before making any travel plans.

In conclusion, Dubai has strict travel restrictions in place for individuals with HIV. However, there are exceptions for residents and transit passengers. It is crucial for individuals with HIV to be aware of these restrictions and comply with the immigration policies of Dubai. Checking with the official embassy or consulate is the best way to obtain accurate and up-to-date information before traveling to Dubai.

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Dubai, the largest city in the United Arab Emirates, is known for its modern infrastructure, luxury hotels, and bustling economy. However, it is also known for its strict laws and regulations, including travel restrictions for individuals living with HIV.

The rationale behind Dubai's HIV travel restrictions can be traced back to the fear and stigma associated with the virus. In many societies, including Dubai, HIV is still considered a taboo topic and those living with the virus face significant discrimination. Dubai's travel restrictions are a reflection of these deep-rooted societal attitudes.

One of the main reasons behind these restrictions is the concern for public health. Dubai, like many other countries, wants to protect its citizens from the spread of HIV. By imposing travel restrictions on individuals living with HIV, the government believes that it can prevent the transmission of the virus within the country.

However, critics argue that these restrictions are based on outdated and discriminatory beliefs. They argue that HIV cannot be transmitted through casual contact and that there are effective measures, such as antiretroviral therapy, that can prevent the transmission of the virus.

Furthermore, these restrictions also have a negative impact on individuals living with HIV. They face limitations in their ability to travel for work, study, or leisure. In addition, the restrictions perpetuate the stigma and discrimination faced by people living with HIV, which can have serious social and psychological consequences.

Several countries have started to revise their policies regarding HIV travel restrictions in recent years. For example, the United States lifted its ban on HIV-positive travelers in 2010, and many European countries have also removed similar restrictions. These changes reflect a better understanding of HIV transmission and the importance of human rights.

In conclusion, the rationale behind Dubai's HIV travel restrictions can be attributed to the fear and stigma associated with HIV. While the government aims to protect public health, these restrictions are based on outdated beliefs and perpetuate discrimination. It is important for societies to revise their policies and promote a more inclusive and understanding approach towards individuals living with HIV.

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Frequently asked questions.

Yes, there are travel restrictions in place for people with HIV who wish to visit Dubai. According to the Dubai Health Authority, individuals with HIV are not allowed to enter the country as tourists or for short-term visits.

If someone with HIV attempts to enter Dubai, they may be denied entry at the airport. The individual could be detained, questioned, and eventually deported back to their home country.

The travel restrictions for people with HIV in Dubai are very strict and there are no known exceptions. Regardless of the purpose of the visit or the length of stay, individuals with HIV are not permitted to enter the country.

Individuals with HIV are allowed to transit through Dubai as long as they do not leave the airport. They are required to have all necessary medications and documentation with them during the transit. It is essential to check with the airline and immigration authorities beforehand to ensure a smooth transit process.

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Travel restrictions for people with HIV

• A number of countries restrict the entry and/or residence of people with HIV.
• Tourism or business trips are generally possible, even in countries with entry bans.
• Long-term restrictions related to work or study permits are strictly enforced.
• Undetectability is never taken into account.

Some countries limit entry for people with HIV. However, the number of countries restricting travel by people with HIV has reduced in recent years. Short-term trips usually have fewer restrictions and checks may be less consistently carried out. The rules tend to be more strictly enforced for longer-term stays, such as those requiring a work visa.

Can I travel if I am living with HIV?

Yes. Many countries clearly state that your HIV status will not affect whether you can visit, stay, or work. Most countries do not require any type of medical tests for short-term or long-term stays.

However, there are still some countries which do limit entry for people living with HIV. A small number of these have an entry ban. This means that if you travel to these countries and you are living with HIV, you might not be allowed to enter.

In other countries, restrictions only apply to longer stays. You might be allowed to enter for a short time (such as for a holiday), but not be allowed to work or live there. In these countries, you may have to take an HIV test or declare your HIV status when applying for a visa or residency permit. In some cases, you might not be asked for information about HIV, but if you are found to have HIV you could be deported (made to leave).

Travel restrictions for people living with HIV are complex and they change from country to country.  Not all countries have specific immigration laws relating to HIV, but declaring your HIV status can still sometimes cause issues. 

Travel restrictions apply even if you have an undetectable viral load. 

Which countries have HIV travel restrictions?

This page has general guidance on current regulations across different continents, based on information from the website www.hivtravel.org . This is provided by Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe, the European AIDS Treatment Group and the International AIDS Society.

Please note that the regulations may have changed since the time of writing. Before you make any travel plans, including to live or work abroad, we recommend you check the www.hivtravel.org website for up-to-date details by country. There is also a feedback form for those who need additional advice or have information to improve the site.

North America

For entry and short-term stays, there are generally no restrictions for people living with HIV travelling to North America.

In the US, people entering with prescription medication, including HIV medication , need to carry a doctor’s certificate in English, stating that the drugs are required to treat a personal condition.

Find out more: Travelling with HIV medication

In Canada, you have to take an HIV test if you plan to stay for more than six months. All long-term visitors are assessed in terms of how much ‘excessive demand’ they might put on the Canadian health service. A cost of more than CA$24,057 a year is considered ‘excessive’, but the cost of many publicly funded HIV medications is less than this amount.

Central and South America

For entry and short-term stays, there are generally no restrictions for people living with HIV travelling to Central and South America.

There are restrictions on long-term stays in Honduras, Nicaragua, and Paraguay. In Paraguay, for example, those travelling to the country because they want to apply for permanent residency have to take an HIV test. A residence permit won’t be granted if the test is positive, unless you can pay for your treatment yourself.

For Aruba, Belize, Nicaragua, and Suriname, the regulations are unclear or inconclusive. Contact their respective embassies for guidance before travelling.

For entry and short-term stays, there are generally no restrictions for people living with HIV travelling to the Caribbean.

Cuba, the Dominican Republic, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Turks and Caicos, and the Virgin Islands all have restrictions on long-term stays. For example, in St Vincent and the Grenadines, work permits are not renewed in the case of a positive HIV test result and HIV-positive foreigners have no access to treatment and services.

In the Cayman Islands, Montserrat, St Kitts and Nevis and St Vincent and the Grenadines, regulations are unclear or inconclusive. No information is available for Bermuda. Contact their respective embassies for guidance before travelling.

Sub-Saharan Africa

There are generally few restrictions for people living with HIV travelling to sub-Saharan Africa. However, in Equatorial Guinea, you may have to present an HIV test certificate. If you are HIV positive you might be refused entry or deported.

The following countries have restrictions on long-term stays: Equatorial Guinea, Mauritius, Seychelles, and Sudan.

Regulations are unclear or inconclusive in Angola and there is no information available for São Tomé and Prinicipe. Contact their respective embassies for guidance before travelling.

North Africa and the Middle East

Most of the countries that restrict entry based on HIV status are in North Africa and the Middle East.

Living with HIV may mean you are not allowed to enter Jordan, Iran, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, or Yemen, even for a short stay. However, there are no restrictions if you’re passing through Dubai in transit as an airline passenger.

Countries with restrictions, or potential restrictions, on long-term stays include Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Israel, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Tunisia. Almost all these countries will also deport people based on their HIV status.

Note that regulations are unclear or inconclusive in Iran, Qatar, and Tunisia. You are advised to contact their respective embassies for guidance before travelling.

Western, northern and southern Europe

For entry and short-term stays, there are generally no restrictions for people living with HIV travelling to western, northern, or southern Europe.

In Cyprus, people from outside the EU who are applying for a temporary residence permit have to prove they don’t have HIV before a permit will be issued. However, this rule doesn't apply to diplomatic personnel and high-ranking company employees.

Central and eastern Europe

In Russia, no HIV testing is required for short-term tourist stays (up to three months), but foreign residents found to be HIV positive are expelled. You are required to present a negative HIV test result for a stay longer than three months, or if you are using a multi-entry visa.

"Travel restrictions for people living with HIV are complex and they change from country to country."

In Bosnia and Azerbaijan, there are restrictions on long-term stays, and in Slovakia, people from outside the EU applying for a temporary residence permit have to prove they don’t have HIV before one is issued.

In Hungary, you have to report your HIV status when applying for a residence permit. However, being HIV positive can’t be used as a reason for denying your permit application.

Central Asia

Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan all have restrictions on long-term visits, but the rules are unclear or inconclusive. Contact their respective embassies for guidance before travelling.

For entry and short-term stays, there are generally no restrictions for people living with HIV travelling to east Asia.

China used to ban short-term visitors with HIV, but it doesn’t anymore. However, the website www.hivtravel.org recommends that you don’t declare your status on visa application forms. It also advises that you should be careful with voluntary status declarations, such as wearing red ribbons. An HIV test is required for work and study visa applications of more than six months. However, Hong Kong and Macau have separate entry and visa regulations without any restrictions.

The only country in east Asia that deports people because of their HIV status is the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea).

South and south-east Asia

There are generally few restrictions on entry and short-term stays for people living with HIV travelling to south and south-east Asia.

However, people living with HIV are not allowed to enter Brunei and people who are found to be HIV positive can be deported. In Bhutan, you have to present the results of an HIV test that was taken in the six months before your visit if you want to stay longer than two weeks. People who test positive may be deported.

In the Maldives, Malaysia, and Singapore there are restrictions on longer-term stays.

The regulations in Malaysia and Sri Lanka are unclear or inconclusive. Contact their respective embassies prior to travelling for guidance.

For entry and short-term stays, there are generally no restrictions for people living with HIV travelling to Oceania. The exceptions to this are the Solomon Islands, where entry may be denied on the basis of HIV status, and the Marshall Islands, where HIV testing is required for temporary visitors staying more than 30 days.

In Australia, all long-term visa applicants over the age of 15 have to take an HIV test. For those under 15, an HIV test might also be carried out if you have a history of blood transfusions, your mother is living with HIV, or there is a medical sign that you might be living with HIV.

Long-term visa applicants who have any long-term health condition, including HIV, are considered according to how much they might cost the Australian health system. Information on this can be found on the Australian government’s website.

In New Zealand, people with HIV are assessed on a ‘case by case’ basis. If you are living with HIV and in a ‘long-term stable relationship’ with a New Zealand citizen, you will be granted an automatic medical waiver. This means your HIV status isn’t considered as part of your application for a visa or residency permit.

The following countries also have restrictions on long-term stays: Marshall Islands, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, and the Solomon Islands.

In the Solomon Islands and Tonga, the regulations are unclear or inconclusive. For French Polynesia and Kiribati there is no information available on travel restrictions relating to HIV status. Contact their respective embassies for guidance before travelling.

Can I travel into a country with entry restrictions?

If you’re living with HIV and you decide to travel to a country that does have entry restrictions you may be refused entry or deported. Some countries will offer waivers that let you visit in certain circumstances, such as if the trip is to visit family members, but they can be difficult to get.

Travel restrictions for people with HIV can change quickly and so they need to be checked before any trip. In countries where restrictions have been recently changed, you should take extra caution discussing your HIV status.

If you’re living with HIV you might have travelled into a country when a travel ban was in place. In this case, it’s important to know that there is still a risk of being deported even if the travel ban has now been lifted. This could happen if there was proof you knew your HIV status and still entered the country. In this case, you could be deported for breaking the law.

Can I travel with PrEP medication?

We are not aware of any countries that ban people who are travelling with PrEP. However, most countries limit the amount of prescription medication you can travel with. Usually, you will be able to take enough medication for up to a three-month stay. But should always check the rules for the countries you are travelling to and from, as some have stricter rules. It’s usually a good idea to bring your prescription with you .

If a country has entry restrictions for people with HIV, travelling with PrEP might cause problems. This is because customs officials might think the medication is for treating HIV. In extreme cases, it could even mean you are deported (made to leave the country). A letter from your doctor explaining PrEP is for HIV prevention might help.

Other useful information

When you contact an embassy or consulate to ask about travel restrictions, you can keep your name or HIV status anonymous. For British Overseas Territories, the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office website is a good place to start.

It may be helpful to contact an HIV organisation in the country you are travelling to and ask them for information.

There is more information about accessing HIV services and medication in some European and central Asian countries on the Stay on ART website.

You might also find the following pages useful:

• Travelling with HIV medication
• Travel insurance for people with HIV
• HIV and travel
• HIV criminalisation laws around the world

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Which Countries Restrict Travel to People With HIV?

It was only in 2010 that the United States finally lifted its 22-year ban on travelers with HIV , a law that prohibited all infected persons from obtaining tourist visas or permanent residence status in the U.S.. The order, initiated by George H.W. Bush in 2008, was made official by Barack Obama on January 4, 2010.

While efforts are being made to end similar laws throughout the world, the Global Database on HIV-Specific Travel & Residence Restrictions (a joint European initiative published by the International AIDS Society) reports that as of 2023, 56 out of 200 countries are known to have entry regulations for people living with HIV, and seven of these countries will categorically refuse entry without exception. In some of these countries, entry may be allowed, but there are restrictions depending on the length of stay. For example, 54 countries have restrictions on stays over 90 days (student and work visas); whereas less than 10 countries have laws that can affect travelers visiting for less than 90 days (tourists). Furthermore, 18 of these countries will deport visitors discovered to have HIV.

HIV Travel Restrictions in Practice

It is important to note, however, that there is often a lack of clarity about these laws, with some either not addressing HIV directly (describing only "infectious disease" concerns) or not enforcing the laws all that stringently, if at all. As such, the assessments provided below are couched in terms that best reflect whether an action "will," "can" or "may" take place.

Similarly, there is a lack of clarity about the import of antiretroviral drugs —whether the drugs are allowed for personal use; how much can be brought in if they are permitted; or if possession of such constitutes the right to deny entry.

For these reasons, it is advised that you always speak with the consulate or embassy of any of the listed destinations if you plan to visit.

Countries With Restrictions for People Living with HIV

Algeria (>90 days)

Aruba (>90 days)

Australia (>90 days)

Azerbaidjan (>90 days)

Bahrain (>90 days)

Belize (>90 days)

Bhutan (>2 weeks)

Bosnia Herzegovina (>90 days)

Brunei (no entry, will deport)

Cayman Islands (>90 days)

China (>90 days, will deport)

Cuba (>90 days)

Cyprus (>90 days)

Dominican Republic (>90 days)

Egypt (>90 days, will deport)

Equatorial Guinea (no entry, will deport)

Honduras (>90 days)

Iran (>90 days)

Iraq (>10 days, possible deportation)

Israel (>90 days)

Jordan (no entry, will deport)

Kazakhstan (>90 days)

Kuwait (>90 days, will deport)

Kyrgyzstan (>60 days)

Lebanon (>90 days, will deport)

Malaysia (>90 days, will deport)

Marshall Islands (>30 days)

Mauritius (>90 days)

Montserrat (>90 days)

Nicaragua (>90 days)

North Korea (will deport)

Oman (>90 days, will deport)

Papua New Guinea (>6 months)

Paraguay (>90 days)

Qatar (>1 month, will deport)

Russia (>90 days, will deport)

Samoa (>90 days)

Saudi Arabia (>90 days, will deport)

Seychelles (>90 days)

Singapore (>90 days)

Slovakia (>90 days)

Solomon Islands (no entry, will deport)

St. Kitts and Nevis (>90 days)

St. Vincent and Grenadines (>90 days)

Sudan (>90 days)

Suriname (entry restrictions)

Syria (>90 days, will deport)

Tonga (>90 days)

Tunisia (>30 days)

Turks and Caicos Islands (>90 days)

United Arab Emirates (UAE) (no entry, will deport)

Uzbekistan (>90 days)

Virgin Islands (>90 days)

Yemen (no entry, will deport)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Medical examination of aliens—Removal of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from definition of communicable disease of public health significance. Final rule . Fed Regist.  2009;74:56547–56562.

The Global Database on HIV-Specific Travel & Residence Restrictions. Regulations on entry, stay and residence for PLHIV .

By James Myhre & Dennis Sifris, MD Dr. Sifris is an HIV specialist and Medical Director of LifeSense Disease Management. Myhre is a journalist and HIV educator.

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United Arab Emirates

Travel Advisory July 13, 2023

United arab emirates - level 2: exercise increased caution.

Reissued with obsolete COVID-19 page links removed.

Exercise increased caution in the United Arab Emirates due to   the threat of missile or drone attacks and terrorism.

Country Summary:  The possibility of attacks affecting U.S. citizens and interests in the Gulf and Arabian Peninsula remains an ongoing, serious concern.  Militant groups operating in Yemen have stated an intent to attack neighboring countries, including the UAE, using missiles and drones.  Missile and drone attacks in early 2022 targeted populated areas and civilian infrastructure.

Due to risks to civil aviation operating within the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman region, including the United Arab Emirates, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has issued an advisory Notice to Air Missions (NOTAM). For more information U.S. citizens should consult the  Federal Aviation Administration’s Prohibitions, Restrictions and Notices .

While residents and visitors generally find a safe and secure environment in the UAE, the country continues to face the threat of terrorism.  Terrorists may attack with little or no warning, targeting tourist locations, transportation hubs, markets, shopping malls, and local government facilities.

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to the United Arab Emirates.

If you decide to travel to the United Arab Emirates:

• Monitor local media for breaking events and be prepared to adjust your plans.
• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook   and  Twitter .
• Review the  Country Security Report  for the United Arab Emirates.
• Visit the CDC page for the latest  Travel Health Information  related to your travel.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .

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Embassies and Consulates

U.s. embassy abu dhabi.

Embassies District, Plot 38, Sector W59-02, Street No. 4. Abu Dhabi, U.A.E. Telephone: +(971) (2) 414-2200 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +(971) (0) 2-414-2200 Fax: +(971) (2) 414-2241 Email:   [email protected]

U.S. Consulate General Dubai Corner of Al Seef Rd. and Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Rd Dubai, U.A.E. Telephone: +(971) (4) 309-4000 Emergency Telephone: +(971) (4) 309-4000 Fax: +(971) (4) 311-6213 Email:   [email protected]

Note: The normal work week in the UAE is Monday through Friday.

Destination Description

Learn about the U.S. relationship to countries around the world.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

COVID-19 Requirements: There are no COVID-related entry requirements for U.S. citizens.

U.S. citizens are subject to all UAE immigration laws.

• Passport Validity:  A passport valid for at least six months beyond the date of entry is required to enter the UAE. The UAE government does not accept 12-page emergency passports for entry to the UAE. The UAE government also does not accept passports with the “X” gender marker for travel to, in, or through the UAE. Travelers with these passports will be denied boarding or entry.
• Personal travel of 30 days or less:  A U.S. citizen with a regular (non-emergency) passport with an M or F gender marker may obtain a no fee visitor visa upon arrival. The UAE government does not accept passports with the “X” gender marker for travel to, in, or through the UAE. Travelers with these passports will be denied boarding or entry.
• Stays longer than 30 days:  Visitors on a 30-day visa may request a visa extension, which is at the discretion of immigration officials. Anyone planning to work or study in the UAE must obtain the appropriate visa.
• Medical Exam:  A full medical exam is required for work or residence permits. The exam and tests for HIV/AIDS, viral hepatitis B, tuberculosis, leprosy, and pregnancy must be performed after arrival. U.S. citizens have been detained and deported for testing positive for HIV, active tuberculosis, or hepatitis. Medical exams performed outside of the UAE will not be accepted.
• Travel on Diplomatic or Official Passports:  U.S. citizens traveling to or through the UAE on diplomatic or official passports are required to obtain a visa before travel (transit passengers only require a visa if exiting the airport). This requirement is strictly enforced by UAE officials and those not meeting the requirement will be denied entry. U.S. military travelers should not assume military ID cards will be accepted, but should consult the Foreign Clearance Guide.

Land Exit Departure Fee:  All travelers who depart the UAE by land and who are not citizens of a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) country must pay a departure fee. The fee is 35 UAE dirhams and is payable only in the local currency.

Please verify this information with the  Embassy of the United Arab Emirates  before you travel.

Exit Controls:  The UAE maintains tight exit controls. All travelers must exit the country with the passport on which they entered. Travelers should visit a UAE immigration office prior to departure to obtain an exit pass if they plan to leave the UAE without the passport on which they entered.

Travelers both departing the UAE and transiting will be barred from exiting the UAE if there are any criminal or civil legal cases against them. Travelers have been arrested at the airport and have had their passports seized due to outstanding financial cases, unsettled legal disputes, and late credit card payments, including for cases that were previously unknown to the traveler. In such cases, some individuals have been arrested and detained for long periods of time. Individuals will be barred from leaving the UAE until legal cases are settled in full. This affects all persons whether they are in the UAE as residents, tourists, or transit passengers with no intention of exiting the airport. UAE residents can verify with UAE authorities whether they have an exit ban due to outstanding cases in Dubai or Abu Dhabi. More information on this process can be found on the  UAE Government Portal .

The Government of the UAE requires that all persons residing in the country have a national identification card. U.S. citizens who are working or living in the UAE should visit the  Emirates Identity Authority website  for more information on card registration procedures and requirements.

Cancellation of Visas:  All UAE visas must be formally cancelled through the General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs (GDRFA) before a new visa can be issued. This includes visas that have already expired or have never been used. Travelers may be denied entry to, or not permitted to depart, the UAE if previous visas have not been properly cancelled. More information on the process is available on the  UAE Government portal .

Dual Nationality:  The UAE does not recognize dual nationality. The UAE recognizes only the citizenship of the passport on which a person enters the UAE. The embassy may be prohibited from providing certain consular services to those who did not enter the UAE on a U.S. passport.

The UAE has imposed HIV/AIDS travel restrictions on all foreigners seeking residency. Travelers for tourism are not tested or requested to provide information about HIV/AIDS status. Please verify this information with the  Embassy of the UAE  before you travel. Information about  dual nationality  and the  prevention of international child abduction  can be found on our website. For further information about customs regulations, please read the embassy’s  Customs Information page .

Current restrictions:

Weapons and Law Enforcement Equipment:  The transportation of arms or items that may be considered law enforcement or military equipment is strictly prohibited without written approval from the UAE government. Do not transport any arms or items that may be considered law enforcement or military equipment. Such items include, but are not limited to:

• Weapon parts and tools
• Functional, inert, or decorative ammunition, even one bullet
• Empty or spent shell casings
• Any other military or police equipment

U.S. citizens, military personnel, and U.S. government/military contractors found to be carrying such items, even in the smallest quantities, will be arrested and face strict criminal penalties, including imprisonment, large monetary fines, forfeiture of the items, and deportation , even though airlines and U.S. authorities allowed shipment on a U.S.-originating flight.

Other prohibited items:  Importation of the following items is also prohibited under UAE law: pornographic material, non-Islamic religious pamphlets for missionary activities, e-cigarettes, fireworks, ivory, chemical and organic fertilizers, laser pointers, radar jammers/other unauthorized communication devices, products and medications containing cannabidiol (CBD), endangered animal species, and any objects, sculptures, paintings, books or magazines which do not adhere to the religious and moral values of the UAE. Possession of any of these items can lead to detention and lengthy jail sentences.

Safety and Security

Terrorism: Terrorist groups and those inspired by such organizations are intent on attacking U.S. citizens abroad. Terrorists are increasingly using less sophisticated methods of attack – including knives, firearms, and vehicles – to more effectively target crowds. Frequently, their aim is unprotected or vulnerable targets, such as:

• High-profile public events (sporting contests, political rallies, demonstrations, holiday events, celebratory gatherings, etc.)
• Hotels, clubs, and restaurants frequented by tourists
• Places of worship
• Shopping malls and markets
• Public transportation systems (including subways, buses, trains, and scheduled commercial flights)

U.S. citizens in the United Arab Emirates should exercise a high level of security awareness. The possibility of terrorist attacks against U.S. citizens and interests in the Gulf and Arabian Peninsula remains a serious concern. The UAE’s normalization of relations with Israel in September 2020 increased the potential for attacks in the UAE, including by Iran-backed entities. Separately, rebel groups operating in Yemen have stated an intent to attack neighboring countries, including the UAE, using missiles and unmanned aerial systems (drones). Yemen-based Houthi rebels claimed responsibility for missile and drone attacks against the UAE on January 17 and 24, 2022, targeting populated areas and civilian infrastructure.  The January 17 attack resulted in multiple impact sites in Abu Dhabi and three fatalities. The Houthi rebels have publicly stated their intent to continue such attacks. In the event of a missile and/or drone strike, follow the guidance found here .

Both historical and current information suggest that the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), al-Qaida, and affiliated organizations continue to plan attacks against Western targets; these attacks may employ a wide variety of tactics, including suicide operations, assassination, kidnapping, hijacking, and bombing.

For more information, see our Terrorism page.

Boating: The UAE and Iran have had a long-standing dispute concerning jurisdiction of Abu Musa, approximately 20 miles from Dubai. Fishing or sailing in these waters may result in seizure of vessels and detention of passengers and crew in Iran. Obtaining consular assistance in Iran for U.S. citizens is difficult and can only be done through the Swiss Embassy in Tehran , which acts as a Protecting Power, providing limited U.S. consular services.

Crime: Violent crimes and crimes against property are rare. U.S. citizens should take the same security precautions in the UAE that one would practice in the United States or any large city abroad.

Harassment and Assault: U.S. citizens, especially women, should take precautions against the possibility of verbal and physical harassment or sexual assault when walking alone, consuming alcohol, or riding in a taxi cab. Taxi passengers should avoid sitting in the front seat of a taxicab and should be sensitive that "small talk" can be misinterpreted as over-friendliness or even a form of propositioning by some taxi drivers. Taxis driven by women for the exclusive use of female passengers are available in some airports and by dispatch. Female travelers can identify these dedicated vehicles by their pink roofs.

Some victims of sexual assault have been prosecuted for violating laws against sexual relations outside of marriage. The law puts a high burden of proof on the victim to demonstrate that sex was not consensual. In cases where the victim has failed to demonstrate so, both parties have been prosecuted, and sometimes sentenced to jail time, followed by deportation.

International Financial Scams:  See the  Department of State  and the  FBI  pages for information.

Internet romance and financial scams are prevalent in the UAE. Scams are often initiated through Internet postings/profiles or by unsolicited emails and letters. Scammers almost always pose as U.S. citizens who have no one else to turn to for help. Common scams include:

• Romance/Online dating
• Money transfers
• Lucrative sales
• Gold purchase
• Inheritance notices
• Work permits/job offers
• Bank overpayments

Victims of Crime: U.S. citizen victims of sexual assault are encouraged to contact the U.S. Embassy for assistance. Report crimes to the local police at 999 and contact the U.S. Embassy at +971 2 414 2200. Remember that local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crime.

See our webpage on help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

• Help you find appropriate medical care
• Assist you in reporting a crime to the police
• Contact relatives or friends with your written consent
• Provide general information regarding the victim’s role during the local investigation and following its conclusion
• Provide a list of local attorneys
• Provide our information on victim’s compensation programs in the U.S.
• Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support in cases of destitution
• Help you find accommodation and arrange flights home
• Replace a stolen or lost passport

Domestic Violence:  U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence may contact the Embassy or Consulate General for assistance.

Tourism:  The tourism industry is generally regulated and rules with regard to best practices and safety inspections are regularly enforced. Hazardous areas/activities are identified with appropriate signage and professional staff is typically on hand in support of organized activities. In the event of an injury, appropriate medical treatment is widely available throughout the country. Outside of a major metropolitan center, it may take more time for first responders and medical professionals to stabilize a patient and provide life-saving assistance. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance . 

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties: You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the competent local authorities, prior to practicing or operating a business.

As each emirate has its own independent judicial system, legal procedures and penalties vary throughout the country.

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on crimes against minors abroad and the Department of Justice website.

Arrest Notification:  UAE authorities do not routinely notify the U.S. Embassy or consulate of a U.S. citizen’s arrest.  If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy or consulate immediately.  If you are not allowed to do so, ask a friend or family member to contact the U.S. Embassy or consulate. See our webpage for further information.

Alcohol:  Alcohol is sold only in very limited areas including certain restaurants and hotels. Public drunkenness and driving under the influence, regardless of one’s blood alcohol content level, are considered very serious offenses. Persons arrested on alcohol-related offenses are regularly detained for many days as they await a court hearing. Penalties may include hefty jail sentences, substantial fines and, for Muslims (even those holding U.S. citizenship), lashings. Note: The possession and consumption of alcohol is prohibited in the emirate of Sharjah.

Drugs: UAE law imposes the death sentence for convicted drug traffickers. Possession of even trace amounts of illegal drugs (including in the bloodstream) can result in lengthy prison sentences of up to 15 years. Bail generally is not granted to those accused of drug crimes.

Possession or consumption of marijuana in any form, including detections of trace amounts in the bloodstream, is illegal in the UAE, even if a doctor’s medical card is presented. Products containing cannabidiol (CBD) are illegal in the UAE. Possession or importation of CBD products, including those found in prescription and over the counter medications in the United States and other countries, are prosecuted in the same manner as marijuana possession. The UAE's anti-narcotics program also includes poppy seeds on its list of controlled substances. The importation and possession of poppy seeds in any and all forms, including as dried decorative plants, are strictly prohibited.

Persons may be charged and convicted even if the controlled substances were ingested outside of the UAE as long as traces are still present in the bloodstream upon arrival in the UAE. If suspected of being under the influence of drugs or alcohol, individuals may be required to submit to blood and/or urine tests and may be subject to prosecution.

Travelers with questions regarding the items on the list of controlled substances should contact the U.S. Embassy in Abu Dhabi or the U.S. Consulate General in Dubai .

Codes of Behavior and Dress: Public decency and morality laws throughout the UAE are much stricter than in the United States. Penalties for public displays of affection or immodesty may be imposed. Sexual relations outside marriage are illegal in the UAE and convicted individuals have been punished by lengthy jail sentences. Pregnancy outside of marriage can result in arrest and detention. Doctors may ask for proof of marriage during pre-natal visits, and those giving birth in the UAE must present a marriage certificate to receive medical care and register the child’s birth. Failure to do so has resulted in the arrests of both unmarried mothers and fathers, as well as deportation.

Individuals may be arrested, fined, and/or deported for committing any of the following acts: making rude gestures, swearing, touching another person without his/her permission, and making derogatory statements about the UAE, the royal families, the local governments or other people. Travelers should keep in mind the cultural differences among the many people who coexist in the UAE and should be cognizant that unwitting actions, including clothing choices, may invite unwanted attention.

Debt and Financial Crime:  Crimes of financial fraud, including passing bad checks and non-payment or late payment of bills (including hotel bills, hospital bills, traffic or parking fines, and late payment of credit cards, utility bills, etc.), are regarded seriously in the UAE and often result in imprisonment and/or fines. A personal check written as a guarantee for the payment of a personal or business debt may be submitted to a local bank for collection at any time for the full amount of the check. If the account holder does not have sufficient funds, he/she may be charged with passing a bad check. Bail generally is not available to non-residents of the UAE who are arrested for crimes involving fraud. Debtors can be held in prison until their debts are paid or until an agreement is reached between the parties. Passports may be seized by the UAE government to guarantee that debtors settle their cases. Financial cases may be further complicated by debtors being unable to work in the UAE without passports while still being held responsible for their debts.

Photography:  Taking photographs of UAE military facilities, sensitive civilian sites, airports, some beaches, or foreign diplomatic missions – including the U.S. Embassy or Consulate General – may result in arrest, detention, and/or prosecution by local authorities. Travelers should be aware of signs which indicate where photography is prohibited. Note that it is illegal to take photographs of other people without their consent. In addition, engaging in mapping activities, especially mapping that includes the use of GPS equipment, without coordination with UAE authorities, may have the same consequences. (This does not apply to use of publicly available online maps.)

Drone Operation: The flying of drones is prohibited in certain areas and may result in arrest and imprisonment. Individuals should not operate drones without prior approval from local authorities.

Social Media:  The UAE has strict laws regarding use of the internet and social media. Individuals have been arrested and criminally convicted for posting information on social media sites (such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, etc.) that local authorities determined was disturbing to the order of the UAE. Users of social media should be cautious about online posting of information that might be deemed to insult or challenge the local or national government. Individuals should avoid posting insults or derogatory information about governments, institutions, or individuals.

Charity and fundraising activities are closely regulated by the UAE government, and it is against the law to conduct any private fundraising activity online (including those conducted on popular fundraising websites for personal causes).

The UAE National Media Council has rules for conducting business as a social media influencer in the UAE. Influencers must apply for trade and e-media licenses in order to promote brands on social media in the UAE. 

Terrorist Organizations List: On November 15, 2014, the UAE government announced a list of 85 groups it considers to be terrorist organizations. Individuals who are associated with groups on the UAE list could be detained at UAE borders, have their assets frozen, and/or be prosecuted for membership in a terrorist organization.

Religious Proselytizing: While individuals are free to worship as they choose, and facilities are available for that purpose, religious proselytizing is not permitted in the UAE. Persons violating this law, even unknowingly, may be imprisoned or deported.

Employment in the UAE: Although it is common for a local sponsor to hold an employee's passport, it is illegal to do so under UAE law. Many contractual or labor disputes can be avoided by clearly establishing all terms and conditions of employment or sponsorship in the labor contract at the beginning of any employment. Should a dispute arise, the UAE Ministry of Labor has established a special department to review and arbitrate labor claims. If an employee leaves his/her job without properly canceling the employment visa, the employer can file charges that can lead to imprisonment, fines, and/or deportation. The U.S. Embassy and Consulate General do not intercede in employment disputes.

U.S. citizens have become involved in commercial or financial disputes that have prompted local firms or courts to take possession of the U.S. citizen's passport, effectively preventing the individual from leaving the UAE. In addition, local firms have been known to file criminal complaints, which may lead not only to travel restrictions but possible criminal penalties, including jail time. A list of local attorneys is available from the U.S. Embassy in Abu Dhabi and the U.S. Consulate General in Dubai.

Document Authentications: U.S. citizens intending to reside and work in the UAE are generally required by the UAE government to present authenticated personal documents for themselves and accompanying family members such as marriage and birth certificates, adoption and custody decrees, certificates of good behavior from police, and educational documents to include diplomas and certificates. The authentication of U.S. documents is done completely in the United States. For information, contact the State Department’s Office of Authentications . Determining the exact requirements with one’s prospective employer is strongly recommended before arrival in the UAE.

LGBTQI+ Travelers: The UAE government does not accept passports with the “X” gender marker. This applies to travel to, in, or through the UAE. Although the U.S. Embassy and U.S. Consulate General are not aware of any recent arrests or prosecutions for consensual, same-sex relations and cross-dressing, they remain illegal in the UAE. See our LGBTQI+ Travel Information page and section six of our Human Rights report for further details.

Travelers with Disabilities: While in the UAE, individuals with disabilities may find accessibility and accommodations somewhat different from what they find in the United States. The law prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment, education, air travel and other transportation, access to health care, or the provision of other state services, and the law is enforced. The UAE government refers to persons with disabilities as “people of determination.” Social acceptance of persons with disabilities in public is as prevalent as in the United States. The most common types of accessibility may include accessible facilities, information, and communication/access to services/ease of movement or access.

The UAE has several modern cities with good services and accessibility of lodging, public transportation, sidewalks, and buildings. Outside of newly constructed areas, accessibility is not comparable to the United States and navigating with a visual impairment or using a wheelchair is difficult due to sidewalks in disrepair or without curb cuts, poor road crossings, and inaccessible buildings and public transport. Public transportation in Dubai is wheelchair accessible. However, the buses that connect Dubai with the other emirates in the UAE are not wheelchair accessible. See the UAE government information on accessible transport and parking facilities. See our  Traveling with Disabilities  page.

Women Travelers: See our travel tips for Women Travelers .

Students: See our Students Abroad page and FBI travel tips.

Adequate health facilities are available, but health care in rural areas may be below U.S. standards. While most common conditions can be appropriately treated in the UAE, complex medical conditions may be better treated in the United States. Providers may recommend a large number of procedures and tests, some of which may be unnecessary.

• Hospitals usually require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient, except in emergencies.
• Travelers should make efforts to obtain complete information on billing, pricing, and proposed medical procedures before agreeing to any medical care.
• Patients bear all costs for transfer to or between hospitals.

For emergency services in the UAE, dial  999 .

Ambulance services are widely available.

We do not pay medical bills.  Be aware that U.S. Medicare does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance.

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas. Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments. You may be denied care, even in an emergency, if you are unable to provide a cash deposit up-front. See  our webpage  for more information on insurance overseas. Visit the  U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend  supplemental insurance  to cover medical evacuation.

Medication:  Many prescription and over-the-counter medications are prohibited in the UAE, and possession of such substances without the appropriate approval is generally treated the same as possession of illegal narcotics. All tourists and residents of the UAE should seek prior approval, via an online form, before carrying certain types of medications, narcotics, or chemical substances to or through the UAE. The service can be accessed directly on the Ministry of Health and Prevention’s  website . Travelers can also find updated lists of prohibited medications requiring prior approval on the same website.

Travelers with prescription medication must have their prescriptions issued by licensed doctors and authenticated by the appropriate authorities. In order for a U.S. prescription to be fully authenticated, it must be authenticated by the Secretary of State of the U.S. state in which the prescribing doctor is licensed, then by the U.S. Department of State, and finally by the UAE Embassy in Washington, DC.  Additional information on authentication of documents  can be found on the State Department’s website and on the  Embassy and Consulate General website . Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription.

Further queries may be directed to the  UAE Ministry of Health’s Drug Control Department  in Abu Dhabi.

Vaccinations:  Be up-to-date on all  vaccinations  recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

For further health information, go to:

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  (CDC)

Air Quality:  Visit  AirNow Department of State  for information on air quality at U.S. Embassies and Consulates.

• Air pollution is a significant problem in UAE. Consider the impact seasonal smog and heavy particulate pollution may have on you, and consult your doctor before traveling if necessary.
• People at the greatest risk from particle pollution exposure include:
• Infants, children, and teens
• People over 65 years of age
• People with lung disease such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema;
• People with heart disease or diabetes
• People who work or are active outdoors

The U.S. Embassy and Consulate General maintain a  list of doctors and hospitals . We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic.

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety: Traffic accidents are a leading cause of death in the UAE. Drivers often drive at high speeds. Unsafe driving practices are common, especially on inter-city highways. On highways, unmarked speed bumps and drifting sand create additional hazards. Pedestrians should also use great care on the roads of the UAE – over 25 percent of road fatalities are pedestrians.

The police emergency number and ambulance number is 999 . Response time by emergency services is adequate; however, medical personnel emphasize transport of the injured to the hospital rather than treatment on site.

Traffic Laws: Country-wide traffic laws impose stringent penalties for certain violations, particularly driving under the influence of alcohol. In the UAE, there is zero tolerance for driving after consuming alcohol.

Persons involved in an accident in which another party is injured automatically go to jail until the injured person is released from the hospital. Should a person die in a traffic accident, the driver of the other vehicle is liable for payment of compensation for the death (known as "dhiyya"), usually the equivalent of 55,000 U.S. dollars. Even relatively minor accidents may result in lengthy proceedings, during which both drivers may be prohibited from leaving the country.

In order to drive, UAE residents must obtain a UAE driver's license. Foreign driver’s licenses are not recognized for residents of the UAE; however, U.S. citizen visitors who are not UAE residents can drive using a valid driver’s license issued by his or her state. An international driver’s license may be required in some emirates. The UAE recognizes driver's licenses issued by other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states only if the bearer is driving a vehicle registered to the same GCC state. Under no circumstances should anyone drive without a valid license.

If you are in an accident, UAE law mandates that you remain at the scene until authorities arrive. The use of front seat belts is mandatory in the UAE. Driving is on the right side of the road. Speed limits are posted. Making a right turn on a red light is not permitted unless there is a special lane to do so with a yield sign. Parking is not allowed where the curb is painted black and yellow. Digital cameras are used extensively on Emirati roads for registering traffic violations, including speeding. Fines can be substantial and must be paid prior to departure from the UAE. Individuals with outstanding traffic fines may be detained at airport immigration.

Please see our Road Safety page for more information .

Aviation Safety Oversight: The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has assessed the Government of the United Arab Emirates’ Civil Aviation Authority as being in compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards for oversight of the United Arab Emirates’ air carrier operations. Further information may be found on the FAA’s safety assessment page.

Maritime Travel: Mariners planning travel to the UAE should also check for U.S. maritime advisories and alerts . Information may also be posted to the U.S. Coast Guard Homeport and the NGA Broadcast Warnings website.

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on  Twitter  and  Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

United Arab Emirates was cited in the State Department’s 2023 Annual Report to Congress on International Child Abduction for demonstrating a pattern of non-compliance with respect to international parental child abduction. Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in  United Arab Emirates . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the  International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA )  report.

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Can I Travel Abroad with HIV?

With proper treatment, people with HIV can lead healthy and active lives, including traveling for business and pleasure. However, traveling to other countries, particularly developing countries, may require some advance preparation and special precautions.

Before You Travel

Covid-19 information.

CDC recommends making sure you are up to date with COVID-19 vaccines, including boosters, and consider getting tested before travel. Follow all requirements and recommendations at each location during travel. If you are traveling internationally, check the COVID-19 Travel Health Notice for your destination and visit CDC’s International Travel webpage for requirements and recommendations.

Before you travel, see your health care provider or travel health specialist to discuss the medical risks you might face and what you should do to prepare for safe and healthy travel. Ideally, this conversation should take place at least 4-6 weeks before your scheduled departure.

Talk to your provider about the places you plan to visit . They may:

• Recommend certain travel vaccines . Most travel vaccines are made from killed bacteria or viruses and can be given safely to people with HIV and others with weakened immune systems. However, they may be less effective than in people with strong immune systems and may not provide full protection. Your doctor may recommend blood tests to confirm that a vaccine was effective or recommend additional precautions to keep you safe. Some vaccines are made from live viruses and many people with weakened immune systems should not take them. However, depending on the circumstances, the benefits of protection may outweigh the risks. Talk to your health care provider about what is recommended for you.
• Recommend you pack a supply of medicine like antibiotics to treat travelers’ diarrhea , which can affect people with weakened immune systems.
• Provide you with the name(s) of health care providers or clinics that treat people with HIV infection in the region you plan to visit.
• Advise you on how to minimize the risk of malaria and other insect-borne diseases such as dengue and yellow fever , depending on your destination. People who have weakened immune systems can get seriously ill from malaria, so it’s important to closely follow your doctor’s instructions for taking the preventative medicine, which may include taking it for several weeks before and after the trip. You should also take steps to avoid bug bites : wear insect repellent, wear long pants and sleeves, and sleep under a net if your rooms are exposed to the outdoors.

Also, educate yourself about your insurance policies:

• Review your medical insurance to see what coverage it provides when you are away from home . You may purchase supplemental traveler’s insurance to cover the cost of emergency medical evacuation by air and the cost of in-country care if these costs are not covered by your regular insurance. View the U.S. State Department’s information on insurance for overseas travel .
• Take proof of insurance , such as a photocopy or scan your policy and send the image to an e-mail address you can access both in the United States and abroad. Leave a copy at home and tell your friends or family where it is located.

Stay Up to Date on Your Sexual Health Care

Whether you are traveling or staying close to home for events, CDC recommends the following:

• Visit your health care provider or find a health clinic to stay up to date with your sexual health care. Discuss the types of sex you have so that your provider can offer testing and prevention services, including vaccines , that are right for you.
• Know your HIV status. If you don’t know your HIV status, get tested near where you live, work, or play, including options for ordering free self-testing kits Exit Disclaimer . No matter your results, there are steps you can take to stay healthy. If you don’t have HIV, you have options to prevent HIV, including finding a PrEP provider to see if PrEP is right for you. If you test positive, you can find a care provider and live well with HIV. HIV treatment will keep you healthy and prevent you from transmitting HIV to your sex partners.
• If you are sexually active, get tested for other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), like gonorrhea and syphilis. This is one of the most important things you can do to protect your health. You can also find STI testing sites near you and learn more about how to prevent STIs .
• Get tested for viral hepatitis and consider vaccinations for hepatitis A and B. Learn about hepatitis testing, prevention, and treatment.
• Learn more about mpox and be sure to get your two-dose mpox vaccine. Mpox cases in the United States are becoming increasingly rare, but unvaccinated and under-vaccinated people who could benefit from vaccine may still be at risk. The best protection against mpox occurs 2 weeks after the second shot , so plan ahead and use other strategies to prevent mpox.
• Be knowledgeable of other infections like shigella and meningococcal disease , and how to prevent them.

When You Travel Abroad

Food and water in developing countries may contain germs that could make you sick.

• eat raw fruit or vegetables that you do not peel yourself;
• eat raw or undercooked seafood or meat;
• eat unpasteurized dairy products;
• eat anything from a street vendor;
• drink tap water (in developing countries some hotels may purify their own water, but it is safer to avoid it), drinks made with tap water, or ice made from tap water.

Do eat and drink:

• hot coffee or tea;
• bottled water and drinks (make sure the seals are original and have not been tampered with);
• water that you bring to a rolling boil for one full minute then cool in a covered and clean vessel;
• fruits that you peel;
• wine, beer and other alcoholic beverages are also safe.
• Tuberculosis is very common worldwide and can be severe in people with HIV. Avoid hospitals and clinics where coughing TB patients are treated. See your doctor upon your return to discuss whether you should be tested for TB.
• Animal wastes , such as fecal droppings in soil or on sidewalks, can pose hazards to individuals with weakened immune systems. Physical barriers, such as shoes, can protect you from direct contact. Likewise, towels can protect you from direct contact when lying on a beach or in parks. If you are in physical contact with animals, wash your hands thoroughly afterwards with soap and water.
• Take all your medications on schedule, as usual.
• Stick to your special diet , if you are on one.
• Take the same precautions that you take at home to prevent transmitting HIV to others.

Are There Restrictions on Traveling Abroad?

Some countries restrict visitors with HIV from entering their borders or staying for long periods of time. Others permit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identification. According to the State Department , more than 70 countries consider consensual same-sex relations a crime, sometimes carrying severe punishment. Before you travel internationally, be aware of the laws, policies, and practices in the country or countries you plan to visit. This information is usually available from the consular offices of each country or in the State Department’s country information summaries , along with information about entry and exit requirements.

Traveling to the U.S. from Other Countries

As of January 2010, travelers with HIV or AIDS are allowed entrance into the U.S.

What Travelers’ Health Resources Are Available?

CDC's Yellow Book , a guide to health information for international travelers is an excellent resource for anyone traveling overseas. The section on Immunocompromised Travelers has extensive information for people with HIV.

CDC’s Travelers’ Health website contains find information on:

• travelers’ health for people with weakened immune systems
• travel health notices for destinations
• recommended vaccinations and precautions for destinations

Additionally, the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV contain information about immunization against malaria and other infections that may be useful.

Related HIV.gov Blogs

• People with HIV
• CDC – Get Healthy and Ready for Summer 2023
• U.S. State Dept. – Traveler’s Checklist
• U.S. State Dept. – Your Health Abroad
• U.S. State Dept. – Traveling with Disabilities and Medical Considerations

HIV-related travel restrictions

• Press release
• Personal stories
• Infographic

UAE Restrictions for HIV and PLHIV - HIV Testing in UAE

Here we focus on providing DISCREET comprehensive health screening and prevention at reasonable price to help and support our friends and colleagues.

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United Arab Emirates Traveler View

Travel health notices, vaccines and medicines, non-vaccine-preventable diseases, stay healthy and safe.

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After Your Trip

Be aware of current health issues in the United Arab Emirates. Learn how to protect yourself.

Level 1 Practice Usual Precautions

• Global Measles May 28, 2024 Many international destinations are reporting increased numbers of cases of measles. Destination List: Afghanistan, Angola, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Malaysia, Mauritania, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Republic of South Sudan, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Togo, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Zambia

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Check the vaccines and medicines list and visit your doctor at least a month before your trip to get vaccines or medicines you may need. If you or your doctor need help finding a location that provides certain vaccines or medicines, visit the Find a Clinic page.

Routine vaccines

Recommendations.

Make sure you are up-to-date on all routine vaccines before every trip. Some of these vaccines include

• Chickenpox (Varicella)
• Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis
• Flu (influenza)
• Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)

Immunization schedules

All eligible travelers should be up to date with their COVID-19 vaccines. Please see  Your COVID-19 Vaccination  for more information. 

COVID-19 vaccine

Hepatitis A

Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to the United Arab Emirates.

Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A. The dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series.

Travelers allergic to a vaccine component or who are younger than 6 months should receive a single dose of immune globulin, which provides effective protection for up to 2 months depending on dosage given.

Unvaccinated travelers who are over 40 years old, immunocompromised, or have chronic medical conditions planning to depart to a risk area in less than 2 weeks should get the initial dose of vaccine and at the same appointment receive immune globulin.

Hepatitis A - CDC Yellow Book

Dosing info - Hep A

Hepatitis B

Recommended for unvaccinated travelers younger than 60 years old traveling to the United Arab Emirates. Unvaccinated travelers 60 years and older may get vaccinated before traveling to the United Arab Emirates.

Hepatitis B - CDC Yellow Book

Dosing info - Hep B

Cases of measles are on the rise worldwide. Travelers are at risk of measles if they have not been fully vaccinated at least two weeks prior to departure, or have not had measles in the past, and travel internationally to areas where measles is spreading.

All international travelers should be fully vaccinated against measles with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, including an early dose for infants 6–11 months, according to  CDC’s measles vaccination recommendations for international travel .

Measles (Rubeola) - CDC Yellow Book

Dogs infected with rabies are sometimes found in the United Arab Emirates.

Rabies is also present in some terrestrial wildlife species.

If rabies exposures occur while in the United Arab Emirates, rabies vaccines are typically available throughout most of the country.

Rabies pre-exposure vaccination considerations include whether travelers 1) will be performing occupational or recreational activities that increase risk for exposure to potentially rabid animals and 2) might have difficulty getting prompt access to safe post-exposure prophylaxis.

Please consult with a healthcare provider to determine whether you should receive pre-exposure vaccination before travel.

For more information, see country rabies status assessments .

Rabies - CDC Yellow Book

Recommended for most travelers, especially those staying with friends or relatives or visiting smaller cities or rural areas.

Typhoid - CDC Yellow Book

Dosing info - Typhoid

Yellow Fever

Required for travelers ≥9 months old arriving from countries with risk for YF virus transmission; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission. 1

Yellow Fever - CDC Yellow Book

Avoid contaminated water

Leptospirosis

How most people get sick (most common modes of transmission)

• Touching urine or other body fluids from an animal infected with leptospirosis
• Swimming or wading in urine-contaminated fresh water, or contact with urine-contaminated mud
• Drinking water or eating food contaminated with animal urine
• Avoid contaminated water and soil
• Avoid floodwater

Clinical Guidance

Avoid bug bites.

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic fever

• Tick bite 
• Touching the body fluids of a person or animal infected with CCHF
• Avoid Bug Bites

Airborne & droplet

• Breathing in air or accidentally eating food contaminated with the urine, droppings, or saliva of infected rodents
• Bite from an infected rodent
• Less commonly, being around someone sick with hantavirus (only occurs with Andes virus)
• Avoid rodents and areas where they live
• Avoid sick people

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)

• Scientists do not fully understand how the MERS virus spreads
• May spread from to others when an infected person coughs or sneezes
• May spread to people from camels.

Middle East Respiratory virus syndrome (MERS)

Tuberculosis (TB)

• Breathe in TB bacteria that is in the air from an infected and contagious person coughing, speaking, or singing.

Learn actions you can take to stay healthy and safe on your trip. Vaccines cannot protect you from many diseases in the United Arab Emirates, so your behaviors are important.

Eat and drink safely

Food and water standards around the world vary based on the destination. Standards may also differ within a country and risk may change depending on activity type (e.g., hiking versus business trip). You can learn more about safe food and drink choices when traveling by accessing the resources below.

• Choose Safe Food and Drinks When Traveling
• Water Treatment Options When Hiking, Camping or Traveling
• Global Water, Sanitation and Hygiene | Healthy Water
• Avoid Contaminated Water During Travel

You can also visit the  Department of State Country Information Pages  for additional information about food and water safety.

Prevent bug bites

Bugs (like mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas) can spread a number of diseases in the United Arab Emirates. Many of these diseases cannot be prevented with a vaccine or medicine. You can reduce your risk by taking steps to prevent bug bites.

What can I do to prevent bug bites?

• Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats.
• Use an appropriate insect repellent (see below).
• Use permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). Do not use permethrin directly on skin.
• Stay and sleep in air-conditioned or screened rooms.
• Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors.

What type of insect repellent should I use?

• FOR PROTECTION AGAINST TICKS AND MOSQUITOES: Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours.
• Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin)
• Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or para-menthane-diol (PMD)
• 2-undecanone
• Always use insect repellent as directed.

What should I do if I am bitten by bugs?

• Avoid scratching bug bites, and apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion to reduce the itching.
• Check your entire body for ticks after outdoor activity. Be sure to remove ticks properly.

What can I do to avoid bed bugs?

Although bed bugs do not carry disease, they are an annoyance. See our information page about avoiding bug bites for some easy tips to avoid them. For more information on bed bugs, see Bed Bugs .

For more detailed information on avoiding bug bites, see Avoid Bug Bites .

Stay safe outdoors

If your travel plans in the United Arab Emirates include outdoor activities, take these steps to stay safe and healthy during your trip.

• Stay alert to changing weather conditions and adjust your plans if conditions become unsafe.
• Prepare for activities by wearing the right clothes and packing protective items, such as bug spray, sunscreen, and a basic first aid kit.
• Consider learning basic first aid and CPR before travel. Bring a travel health kit with items appropriate for your activities.
• If you are outside for many hours in heat, eat salty snacks and drink water to stay hydrated and replace salt lost through sweating.
• Protect yourself from UV radiation : use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15, wear protective clothing, and seek shade during the hottest time of day (10 a.m.–4 p.m.).
• Be especially careful during summer months and at high elevation. Because sunlight reflects off snow, sand, and water, sun exposure may be increased during activities like skiing, swimming, and sailing.
• Very cold temperatures can be dangerous. Dress in layers and cover heads, hands, and feet properly if you are visiting a cold location.

Stay safe around water

• Swim only in designated swimming areas. Obey lifeguards and warning flags on beaches.
• Practice safe boating—follow all boating safety laws, do not drink alcohol if driving a boat, and always wear a life jacket.
• Do not dive into shallow water.
• Do not swim in freshwater in developing areas or where sanitation is poor.
• Avoid swallowing water when swimming. Untreated water can carry germs that make you sick.
• To prevent infections, wear shoes on beaches where there may be animal waste.

Keep away from animals

Most animals avoid people, but they may attack if they feel threatened, are protecting their young or territory, or if they are injured or ill. Animal bites and scratches can lead to serious diseases such as rabies.

Follow these tips to protect yourself:

• Do not touch or feed any animals you do not know.
• Do not allow animals to lick open wounds, and do not get animal saliva in your eyes or mouth.
• Avoid rodents and their urine and feces.
• Traveling pets should be supervised closely and not allowed to come in contact with local animals.
• If you wake in a room with a bat, seek medical care immediately. Bat bites may be hard to see.

All animals can pose a threat, but be extra careful around dogs, bats, monkeys, sea animals such as jellyfish, and snakes. If you are bitten or scratched by an animal, immediately:

• Wash the wound with soap and clean water.
• Go to a doctor right away.
• Tell your doctor about your injury when you get back to the United States.

Consider buying medical evacuation insurance. Rabies is a deadly disease that must be treated quickly, and treatment may not be available in some countries.

Reduce your exposure to germs

Follow these tips to avoid getting sick or spreading illness to others while traveling:

• Wash your hands often, especially before eating.
• If soap and water aren’t available, clean hands with hand sanitizer (containing at least 60% alcohol).
• Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. If you need to touch your face, make sure your hands are clean.
• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when coughing or sneezing.
• Try to avoid contact with people who are sick.
• If you are sick, stay home or in your hotel room, unless you need medical care.

Avoid sharing body fluids

Diseases can be spread through body fluids, such as saliva, blood, vomit, and semen.

Protect yourself:

• Use latex condoms correctly.
• Do not inject drugs.
• Limit alcohol consumption. People take more risks when intoxicated.
• Do not share needles or any devices that can break the skin. That includes needles for tattoos, piercings, and acupuncture.
• If you receive medical or dental care, make sure the equipment is disinfected or sanitized.

Know how to get medical care while traveling

Plan for how you will get health care during your trip, should the need arise:

• Carry a list of local doctors and hospitals at your destination.
• Review your health insurance plan to determine what medical services it would cover during your trip. Consider purchasing travel health and medical evacuation insurance.
• Carry a card that identifies, in the local language, your blood type, chronic conditions or serious allergies, and the generic names of any medications you take.
• Some prescription drugs may be illegal in other countries. Call the United Arab Emirates’s embassy to verify that all of your prescription(s) are legal to bring with you.
• Bring all the medicines (including over-the-counter medicines) you think you might need during your trip, including extra in case of travel delays. Ask your doctor to help you get prescriptions filled early if you need to.

Many foreign hospitals and clinics are accredited by the Joint Commission International. A list of accredited facilities is available at their website ( www.jointcommissioninternational.org ).

In some countries, medicine (prescription and over-the-counter) may be substandard or counterfeit. Bring the medicines you will need from the United States to avoid having to buy them at your destination.

Select safe transportation

Motor vehicle crashes are the #1 killer of healthy US citizens in foreign countries.

In many places cars, buses, large trucks, rickshaws, bikes, people on foot, and even animals share the same lanes of traffic, increasing the risk for crashes.

Be smart when you are traveling on foot.

• Use sidewalks and marked crosswalks.
• Pay attention to the traffic around you, especially in crowded areas.
• Remember, people on foot do not always have the right of way in other countries.

Riding/Driving

Choose a safe vehicle.

• Choose official taxis or public transportation, such as trains and buses.
• Ride only in cars that have seatbelts.
• Avoid overcrowded, overloaded, top-heavy buses and minivans.
• Avoid riding on motorcycles or motorbikes, especially motorbike taxis. (Many crashes are caused by inexperienced motorbike drivers.)
• Choose newer vehicles—they may have more safety features, such as airbags, and be more reliable.
• Choose larger vehicles, which may provide more protection in crashes.

Think about the driver.

• Do not drive after drinking alcohol or ride with someone who has been drinking.
• Consider hiring a licensed, trained driver familiar with the area.
• Arrange payment before departing.

Follow basic safety tips.

• Wear a seatbelt at all times.
• Sit in the back seat of cars and taxis.
• When on motorbikes or bicycles, always wear a helmet. (Bring a helmet from home, if needed.)
• Avoid driving at night; street lighting in certain parts of the United Arab Emirates may be poor.
• Do not use a cell phone or text while driving (illegal in many countries).
• Travel during daylight hours only, especially in rural areas.
• If you choose to drive a vehicle in the United Arab Emirates, learn the local traffic laws and have the proper paperwork.
• Get any driving permits and insurance you may need. Get an International Driving Permit (IDP). Carry the IDP and a US-issued driver's license at all times.
• Check with your auto insurance policy's international coverage, and get more coverage if needed. Make sure you have liability insurance.
• Avoid using local, unscheduled aircraft.
• If possible, fly on larger planes (more than 30 seats); larger airplanes are more likely to have regular safety inspections.
• Try to schedule flights during daylight hours and in good weather.

Medical Evacuation Insurance

If you are seriously injured, emergency care may not be available or may not meet US standards. Trauma care centers are uncommon outside urban areas. Having medical evacuation insurance can be helpful for these reasons.

Helpful Resources

Road Safety Overseas (Information from the US Department of State): Includes tips on driving in other countries, International Driving Permits, auto insurance, and other resources.

The Association for International Road Travel has country-specific Road Travel Reports available for most countries for a minimal fee.

Maintain personal security

Use the same common sense traveling overseas that you would at home, and always stay alert and aware of your surroundings.

Before you leave

• Research your destination(s), including local laws, customs, and culture.
• Monitor travel advisories and alerts and read travel tips from the US Department of State.
• Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) .
• Leave a copy of your itinerary, contact information, credit cards, and passport with someone at home.
• Pack as light as possible, and leave at home any item you could not replace.

While at your destination(s)

• Carry contact information for the nearest US embassy or consulate .
• Carry a photocopy of your passport and entry stamp; leave the actual passport securely in your hotel.
• Follow all local laws and social customs.
• Do not wear expensive clothing or jewelry.
• Always keep hotel doors locked, and store valuables in secure areas.
• If possible, choose hotel rooms between the 2nd and 6th floors.

Healthy Travel Packing List

Use the Healthy Travel Packing List for United Arab Emirates for a list of health-related items to consider packing for your trip. Talk to your doctor about which items are most important for you.

Why does CDC recommend packing these health-related items?

It’s best to be prepared to prevent and treat common illnesses and injuries. Some supplies and medicines may be difficult to find at your destination, may have different names, or may have different ingredients than what you normally use.

If you are not feeling well after your trip, you may need to see a doctor. If you need help finding a travel medicine specialist, see Find a Clinic . Be sure to tell your doctor about your travel, including where you went and what you did on your trip. Also tell your doctor if you were bitten or scratched by an animal while traveling.

For more information on what to do if you are sick after your trip, see Getting Sick after Travel .

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COVID-19: travel health notice for all travellers

United Arab Emirates travel advice

Latest updates: Editorial change

Last updated: June 5, 2024 06:24 ET

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Safety and security, entry and exit requirements, laws and culture, natural disasters and climate, united arab emirates - exercise a high degree of caution.

Exercise a high degree of caution in the United Arab Emirates due to the threat of terrorism.

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There’s an ongoing threat of terrorism. Terrorist groups have indicated their intention to target the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Enhanced security measures are in place, and Emirati authorities may reinforce them on short notice.

Terrorist attacks could occur at any time.

Targets could include:

• government buildings, military installations and schools
• places of worship
• airports and other transportation hubs and networks
• public areas such as tourist attractions, restaurants, bars, coffee shops, shopping centres, markets, hotels and other sites frequented by foreigners

Always be aware of your surroundings when in public places. Be particularly vigilant during sporting events, religious holidays and other public celebrations. Terrorists may use such occasions to mount attacks.

Missile strikes and drones

Conflicts in the Middle East and the Gulf region can affect the UAE. Regional tensions can flare up at any time, resulting in an unpredictable and volatile security situation.

Armed groups in the region have publicly stated their intention to target neighbouring countries, including the UAE, with drones and missiles.  Drone attacks continue to either reach UAE territory or be intercepted over the country.

 Missiles and drones have reached:

• urban areas
• military installations
• oil industry infrastructure
• public facilities, such as airports

Their interception may cause scattered debris or fragments.

During missile and drone strikes:

• seek shelter
• stay away from doors and windows
• follow the instructions of local authorities

If you encounter debris or fragments:

• don’t get close to or touch them
• move away from them immediately
• contact local authorities

The crime rate is low. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing, purse snatching and theft from cars may occur.

During your stay:

• make sure that your personal belongings, including your passport and other travel documents, are secure at all times
• don’t leave personal items and documents in plain sight in a vehicle
• keep your car doors locked and windows closed at all times

Violent crime is rare.

Credit card and ATM fraud

Credit card and ATM fraud occur. Be cautious when using debit or credit cards:

• pay careful attention when your cards are being handled by others
• use ATMs located in well-lit public areas or inside a bank or business
• avoid using card readers with an irregular or unusual feature
• cover the keypad with one hand when entering your PIN
• check for any unauthorized transactions on your account statements

Cybercrime, malware attacks and online extortion are common in the UAE. Perpetrators may compromise public Wi-Fi networks to steal credit card or personal information.

• Avoid using public Wi-Fi networks
• Avoid making purchases on unencrypted websites
• Be cautious when posting information on social media
• Be particularly vigilant when contacting or meeting individuals known over the Internet

Telephone scams

Foreigners have received calls from scammers claiming to be local authorities or financial institutions. The caller may try to collect personal information or request a fund transfer to resolve administrative or customs issues.

Don’t send any money or personal information in this type of situation.

Romance scams

Romance scams are common. Victims of these types of scams have lost thousands of dollars. Before travelling to the UAE to visit someone you met online:

• keep in mind that you may be the victim of a scam
• inform yourself about the country’s customs and laws on conjugal relations and marriage
• be sure to retain possession of your return plane ticket, money, and passport

Useful links

• Overseas fraud
• Cyber security while travelling

Women’s safety

Although rare, women travelling alone may be subject to some forms of harassment, verbal abuse, or physical assaults.

Local authorities may not respond adequately to reports of sexual violence and harassment. Emirati authorities have detained women reporting sexual assault. The victim must prove that the sex was not consensual to avoid being charged. The notion of sexual consent may differ substantially from the Canadian context.

If you are the victim of a sexual assault, you should report it immediately to the nearest Government of Canada office.

• Avoid travelling alone, especially at night
• Remain particularly vigilant in less populous areas

Be careful when dealing with strangers or recent acquaintances

Advice for women travellers

Spiked food and drinks

Snacks, beverages, gum and cigarettes may contain drugs that could put you at risk of sexual assault and robbery.

• Be wary of accepting these items from new acquaintances
• Never leave food or drinks unattended or in the care of strangers

Water activities

Coastal waters can be dangerous. Rip currents occur at beaches and can sweep swimmers out to sea.

Rescue services may not be consistent with international standards. Some beaches don’t have lifeguards or warning flags.

• Only participate in scuba diving and other water activities with a well-established company
• Don’t swim alone, after hours or outside marked areas
• Consult residents and tour operators for information on possible hazards and safe swimming areas
• Monitor weather warnings
• Follow the instructions of local authorities

Water safety abroad

Adventure tourism

Desert expeditions or trekking can be dangerous, especially if they are not well organized. Trails are not always marked, and weather conditions can change rapidly.

If you undertake desert expeditions:

• never do so alone
• always hire an experienced guide from a reputable company
• travel in a 4 x 4 vehicle
• buy travel insurance that includes helicopter rescue and medical evacuation
• ensure that your physical condition is good enough to meet the challenges of your activity
• avoid venturing off marked trails
• ensure that you’re properly equipped and carry sufficient water supply
• know the symptoms of dehydration and heatstroke, both of which can be fatal
• ensure that you’re well informed about weather and other conditions that may pose a hazard
• inform a family member or friend of your itinerary, including when you expect to be back
• obtain detailed information on each activity before setting out

Road safety

Road safety varies across the UAE.

Accidents causing fatalities are common.

Pedestrians should be particularly careful and should always use designated crossings, pedestrian bridges or underpasses.

Road conditions

Road conditions are excellent throughout the UAE. Driving conditions may be hazardous during sandstorms or foggy conditions due to limited visibility.

• Avoid off-road driving unless you’re in a convoy of 4 x 4 vehicles
• Leave your travel itinerary with a third party
• Ensure that you’re well prepared with a cell phone and a sufficient supply of gasoline, water and food

Driving habits

Drivers can be reckless. They often tailgate and drive at excessive speeds.

If you choose to drive in the UAE:

• always drive defensively
• maintain distance from other vehicles on the road
• familiarize yourself with your itinerary before leaving
• always carry a cell phone and charger
• keep a list of emergency numbers with you

Public transportation

The emirates of Abu Dhabi, Dubai and Sharjah, have reliable and modern public transportation systems. Public transportation options are more limited in the other emirates.

Public buses in the UAE are generally modern, safe and efficient. Most emirates have public buses and inter-emirates buses operating on their own schedule.

Taxis are convenient to travel within cities and between the emirates.

Street taxis use meters while private taxis have flat rates.

Pink taxis (in Dubai) and purple taxis (in Abu Dhabi) are reserved for and driven by women.

Special taxis for people with special needs or disabilities are also available.

• Use only officially marked taxis or trusted ride-sharing app
• Avoid sharing a taxi with strangers

If using a private taxi, negotiate the fare in advance

  Pink taxis  - UAE Government

There are territorial disputes between the UAE and Iran in the Gulf over the islands of:

• Greater Tunb
• Lesser Tunb

Be cautious if you travel by sea in the Strait of Hormuz due to tense encounters that could lead to vessel and passenger detention.

We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.

Information about foreign domestic airlines

Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.

We have obtained the information on this page from the authorities of the United Arab Emirates. It can, however, change at any time.

Verify this information with the  Foreign Representatives in Canada .

Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.

Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Regular Canadian passport

Your passport must be valid for at least 6 months beyond your date of entry into the United Arab Emirates.

Passport for official travel

Different entry rules may apply.

Official travel

Passport with “X” gender identifier

While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Other travel documents

Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

• Foreign Representatives in Canada
• Canadian passports

Other entry requirements

The authorities of the United Arab Emirates only accept Canadian temporary passports for exit and transit. Travellers cannot enter the UAE when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document.

Tourist visa: not required Business visa: required Student visa: required

If you’re entering the UAE as a tourist, you must obtain an entry stamp at the port of entry. This entry stamp is free and valid for 30 days. Ahead of the expiry of the initial 30-day period, you may request a validity extension for an additional 30 days.

• Foreign Representatives in Canada
• Visa/Entry Permit Information  – UAE Government
• Smart services  - Federal authority for identity and citizenship of the UAE

Health entry requirements

Medical tests, including tests for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis infections, are required to obtain or renew a work or residency permit. Emirati authorities don’t recognize foreign-issued HIV test results.

If you test positive for HIV or another communicable disease such as hepatitis or tuberculosis, you may be subject to:

• deportation
• mandatory treatment

It’s also forbidden to enter the UAE with HIV/AIDS antiretroviral medication for personal use. If you do so, you may be subject to:

Exit requirements

You must exit the UAE with the passport you used for entry.

If you obtained a new passport during your stay in the UAE, you should consult the immigration authorities before travelling to ensure your visa was properly transferred to the new document.

Previous or expired visas must be formally cancelled by the organization or the individuals sponsoring your work or residency visa. If your previous visa has not been cancelled, you may be prevented from leaving the UAE or face difficulties returning in the future.

UAE authorities may place an exit ban on certain individuals to prevent them from leaving the country.

An exit ban can relate to investigations into:

• an individual, their family or an employer
• criminal and civil matters, including business disputes
• employment without a valid work permit
• unpaid financial debts

An exit ban can be requested by people involved in any of these circumstances. You may not be aware that authorities have placed an exit ban on you until you try to leave the country.

Your passport may be seized until the case is fully investigated and settled.

If you face an exit ban, you should seek legal advice.

• Children and travel

Children born to a father who holds Emirati citizenship acquire UAE citizenship at birth, regardless of where they were born.

They must enter and leave the country on a UAE passport.

Travelling with children

Yellow fever

Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).

Relevant Travel Health Notices

• Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
• COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024

This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.

Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.

Routine vaccines

Be sure that your  routine vaccinations , as per your province or territory , are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.

Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary. 

Yellow fever   is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

• There is no risk of yellow fever in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

• Proof of vaccination is required if you are coming from or have transited through an airport of a country   where yellow fever occurs.

Recommendation

• Vaccination is not recommended.
• Discuss travel plans, activities, and destinations with a health care professional.
• Contact a designated  Yellow Fever Vaccination Centre  well in advance of your trip to arrange for vaccination.

About Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada * It is important to note that  country entry requirements  may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest  diplomatic or consular office  of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

There is a risk of hepatitis A in this destination. It is a disease of the liver. People can get hepatitis A if they ingest contaminated food or water, eat foods prepared by an infectious person, or if they have close physical contact (such as oral-anal sex) with an infectious person, although casual contact among people does not spread the virus.

Practise  safe food and water precautions and wash your hands often. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers to areas where hepatitis A is present.

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.

Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.

  Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus.  Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.

Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.

 The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.  

 The flu occurs worldwide. 

•  In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to   April.
•  In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and   October.
•  In the tropics, there is flu activity year round. 

The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.

The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.

In this destination, rabies  may be present in some wildlife species, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. 

If you are bitten or scratched by an animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. 

Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who will be working directly with wildlife. 

Safe food and water precautions

Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

• Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
• Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
• Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs. 

Typhoid   is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher among children, travellers going to rural areas, travellers visiting friends and relatives or those travelling for a long period of time.

Travellers visiting regions with a risk of typhoid, especially those exposed to places with poor sanitation, should speak to a health care professional about vaccination.  

Insect bite prevention

Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:

• Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
• Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• Minimize exposure to insects
• Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed

To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.

Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.

There is a risk of chikungunya in this country.  The risk may vary between regions of a country.  Chikungunya is a virus spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Chikungunya can cause a viral disease that typically causes fever and pain in the joints. In some cases, the joint pain can be severe and last for months or years.

Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times. There is no vaccine available for chikungunya.

Animal precautions

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.

Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.

Cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) have been reported in this destination. The risk to travellers is low; MERS is primarily spread through contact with camels or camel-based products (raw milk, meat, urine). It can also spread through close contact, such as when caring for an infected person. 

Avoid contact with animals (especially camels), camel-based products, and wash your hands frequently.

Prevention of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)

MERS symptoms range from mild and flu-like to more severe pneumonia-like symptoms, and can result in death.

There is no vaccine or medication that protects against MERS.

Person-to-person infections

Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette , which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:

•   washing your hands often
• avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
• avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness 

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) , HIV , and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.  

Medical services and facilities

Good health care is available throughout the emirates. However, it may vary significantly from facility to facility, particularly outside of large cities.

Private clinics and hospitals are well equipped. Services may be expensive, but they usually have sufficient qualified medical personnel speaking English well.

Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Travel health and safety

Prescription medication

Some prescription medications may not be available in the UAE.

If you take prescription medication, you’re responsible for determining its legality in the country.

• Bring enough of your medication with you
• Always keep your medication in the original container
• Pack your medication in your carry-on luggage
• Carry a paper and an electronic copy of your prescriptions

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a   travel health kit , especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

You must abide by local laws.

Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad .

Penalties for breaking the law in the UAE can be more severe than in Canada, even for similar offences. No transfer of offender's treaty exists between Canada and the UAE. If you’re convicted of a serious crime, you must serve your jail sentence in the UAE.

Legal process

UAE authorities routinely notify the Embassy of Canada or Consulate following the arrest of a Canadian citizen.

If you are arrested, request that the arresting authorities immediately notify the nearest Canadian government office of your arrest .  If you are not allowed to do so, ask a friend or family member to contact the Embassy or Consulate of Canada.

The UAE and Canadian criminal law systems are significantly different. Laws, penalties and legal procedures vary according to the emirate.

Detention during the investigative period is common and can be lengthy. You may be held without access to legal counsel or consular assistance. You may also have to remain in the UAE for a parole period after your release.

If you’re involved in legal proceedings, local authorities can prevent you from leaving the UAE by withholding your passport or enforcing an exit ban. Familiarize yourself with the rules and laws of each emirate to which you intend to travel.

Overview of the criminal law system in the United Arab Emirates

Death penalty

Although rarely carried out, the death penalty can be applied in the UAE.

If you are convicted of a crime, you can face:

• corporal punishment
• the death penalty

Penalties for possession, use, or trafficking of illegal drugs are severe.

 Convicted offenders can expect:

• heavy fines
• jail sentences
• the death penalty for severe offences, including drug trafficking

The UAE has a zero-tolerance policy towards drugs, even for travellers in transit. Detection of drugs (including cannabis) in blood or urine tests can also lead to a conviction.

Although it’s legal to consume alcohol in private homes and licensed venues, it’s a punishable offence to drink or be under the influence of alcohol in public. Even passengers in transit through the UAE can be arrested if they’re under the influence of alcohol.

Don’t drink alcohol outside private homes or licensed venues.

Drugs, alcohol and travel

Medications

Certain prescription and over-the-counter medications legally available in Canada, such as codeine and psychiatric medications, are classified as controlled substances in the UAE. It’s illegal to bring them into the country, even in small quantities, without prior permission from the UAE Ministry of Health.

If you attempt to bring banned medication into the UAE without prior approval and required documentation, you may be subject to:

• confiscation of medication

Medical tests are mandatory to obtain or renew your residency permit. You could face prosecution if traces of prohibited substances are detected in your urine or blood sample, even if you haven’t imported the medication into the UAE.

Consult the Ministry of Health and Prevention’s list of controlled medicines to determine if you must obtain a permission to import any required medication. You can obtain a permission by creating a profile online and completing an electronic form.

• List of controlled medicines  – UAE government
• Issuing permission to import medicines for personal use  – UAE government

2SLGBTQI+ travellers

UAE law criminalizes sexual acts and relationships between persons of the same sex.

2SLGBTQI+ travellers could be detained based on their sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, or sex characteristics. They could also be detained and face other charges such as:

• cross dressing
• gross indecency
• offence to public morals

2SLGBTQI+ travellers could face:

They should carefully consider the risks of travelling to the UAE.

Travel and your sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics

Dress and behaviour

UAE customs, laws and regulations adhere closely to Islamic practices and beliefs. Public displays of affection, including holding hands and kissing, may attract the attention of local authorities. Verbal insults and obscene gestures may be considered criminal acts.

Foreign female travellers are not expected to wear head covers. However, revealing clothing is considered inappropriate.

To avoid offending local sensitivities:

• dress conservatively
• behave discreetly
• respect religious and social traditions
• interact on social media with the same care as you would in person
• seek permission from locals before photographing them

In 2024, the lunar month of Ramadan is expected to begin on or around March 10.

In public, between sunrise and sunset, refrain from:

In Abu Dhabi and Dubai during Ramadan, restaurants remain open, serving food as normal. Most government and public sector businesses have reduced working hours.

Religious proselytism

Religious proselytism is illegal.

You should avoid engaging in religious activities that contradict or challenge Islamic teachings and values. This includes preaching, possessing or distributing religious literature or material.

Lèse-majesté

It’s illegal to criticize or disrespect the UAE’s:

• ruling families
• political system
• institutions

This includes comments made on social media.

Punishment can be severe, including lengthy jail terms.

Dual citizenship

Dual citizenship is legally recognized in the UAE.

If you are a Canadian citizen, but also a citizen of the UAE, our ability to offer you consular services may be limited while you're there. You may also be subject to different entry/exit requirements.

Emirati authorities determine your citizenship based on the passport you use to enter the country. Ensure you use the same passport to enter and exit the country. Using different passports may lead to detention and delays.

General information for travellers with dual citizenship

UAE family law is different from Canadian family law. Decisions are based on Islamic law.

Children of an Emirati father automatically acquire Emirati citizenship at birth.

Although the courts will review each case individually, custody of boys under the age of 11 and girls under 13 is normally awarded to the mother. Custody is normally transferred to the father once boys reach 11 and once girls reach the age of 13.

Regardless of which parent is awarded custody, fathers are normally given guardianship responsibilities for the children by the courts, granting them significant legal rights. Guardians have the right to hold the child’s passport and can legally prevent the child from exiting the UAE.

International Child Abduction

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. It does not apply between Canada and the United Arab Emirates.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in the United Arab Emirates by an abducting parent:

• act as quickly as you can
• consult a lawyer in Canada and in the United Arab Emirates to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
• report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children's Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre

If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.

Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country's judicial affairs.

• International Child Abductions: A guide for affected parents
• Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
• Request emergency assistance

Cohabitation outside of marriage

Heterosexual sex and cohabitation outside of marriage for individuals over 18 years of age was recently decriminalised in all Emirates except Sharjah. This applies only to couples in which both partners are from countries that don’t follow Islamic Shariah marriage laws. While the practice is decriminalised, it may still be viewed negatively by parts of Emirati society.

Extramarital sex remains illegal in certain cases where a case is brought forth based on a complaint from the husband or guardian.

Online behaviour

Laws related to online behaviour, which also apply to the use of social media, are strict. Comments or behaviours considered defamatory, antisocial, culturally insensitive, or contrary to morality may be punishable by:

• imprisonment

The authorities also restrict the use of virtual private networks (VPNs). Social media influencers receiving compensation for advertisements and product placement require a UAE influencer licence. If you do so without a licence, you may be fined or detained.

  Social media influencers licensing  - UAE Government  

Photography

There are restrictions on photographing and filming:

• military installations and military personnel
• government buildings
• individuals without their permission

If you are in or around these areas, always:

• verify if photography is allowed or if a special permit is required
• request permission in advance if people are featured in your photos
• refrain from photographing or filming if in doubt
• comply with all requests from local authorities

Illegal activities

The following activities are illegal in the UAE and punishable by heavy fines or jail time:

• engaging in prostitution
• possessing pornographic material
• issuing bounced checks or failing to pay a debt
• possessing pork products in the emirate of Sharjah
• littering in public places and on roads from a vehicle
• spitting in public places, including on beaches

Imports and exports

There are strict import and export regulations on:

• firearms and ammunition
• body protection gear

Failure to comply may result in imprisonment or deportation.

• Prohibited items  - UAE Government
• Customs clearance  - UAE Government

Fundraising

Fundraising and charity activities are strictly regulated in the UAE.

It’s illegal to raise funds or organize a crowdfunding campaign without proper authorization. Make sure that you donate funds only to government-approved charities.

Government-approved charities  - UAE Government

Working in the UAE on a tourist visa is forbidden. You must be sponsored by your employer to work legally.

Certain local sponsors may attempt to retain your passport, even if UAE law forbids this practice.

• Clearly establish the terms and conditions of employment in writing before your arrival
• Never leave your passport or any other identity document with anyone

You must carry an international driving permit to drive and rent a car in the UAE, except in Dubai where you can use your Canadian driver’s license. If you become a resident of the UAE, you can convert your Canadian driver’s license to the UAE driving license at the Traffic Department of each Emirate. For Abu Dhabi, you can do this via TAMM services .

The country has a zero-tolerance policy for drinking and driving. The legal blood alcohol limit is zero.

Penalties for drinking and driving are severe.  If the police suspect you of drinking and driving, they could oblige you to provide a blood or urine sample. If alcohol or drugs are detected, you may be prosecuted.

If you’re convicted, you can expect:

• heavy fines and a lengthy jail sentence
• vehicle confiscation
• driver’s license suspension

If involved in an accident:

• don't leave the scene
• don't move your vehicle
• call the police

Failure to remain at the site may be considered an admission of guilt depending on the emirate in which the accident occurred.

The UAE government may prevent you from leaving the country until all injury claims have been settled, regardless of which party is at fault. If the accident has resulted in death, you may be legally required to provide financial compensation to the deceased’s family.

Local judicial resolution process may take several months, even for minor accidents.

International Driving Permit

The currency of the United Arab Emirates is the dirham (AED).

ATMs are available across the emirates.

Credit cards are widely accepted at main hotels, shops and restaurants. Smaller businesses may only accept cash.

If you are carrying AED 60 000 or more, or the equivalent in other currencies, you must make a declaration to customs when you enter of leave the country. The sum can be in:

• money orders
• traveller’s cheques
• other convertible assets

Humidity and heat may be most severe during the hot season, from June to September.

Know the symptoms of dehydration and heatstroke, which can both be fatal.

Dust storms

Sandstorms and dust storms may occur any time, particularly during the summer months.

Winds carrying sand can blow at high speeds for days, creating difficult driving conditions. Poor visibility can affect flights. These storms can also cause respiratory problems, which can be fatal for some individuals.

During a storm:

• stay indoors
• keep windows closed
• follow the instructions of local emergency services personnel
• monitor local media for up-to-date information on the situation

Drought and flooding

The UAE has been facing a water crisis in recent years, leading to drought and desertification.

Although rare, heavy rain does occur in winter months from December to March. It can result in flash floods in dry riverbeds and canyons.

Flash floods and landslides can hamper overland travel and reduce the provision of essential services. Roads may become impassable and bridges damaged.

• Monitor local news and weather reports
• Follow the instructions of local authorities, including evacuation orders

During winter, periods of severe fog can hinder transportation and visibility.

• Exercise caution, particularly while driving
• Expect travel delays
• Follow the advice of local authorities

Weather forecasts and warnings  - National Center of Meteorology

Local services

In case of emergency, dial:

• police: 999
• ambulance: 998
• fire department (civil defence): 997

Consular assistance

For emergency consular assistance, call the Embassy of Canada to the United Arab Emirates, in Abu Dhabi, or the Consulate General of Canada to the United Arab Emirates, in Dubai, and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.

The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.

Learn more about consular services .

Risk Levels

  take normal security precautions.

Take similar precautions to those you would take in Canada.

  Exercise a high degree of caution

There are certain safety and security concerns or the situation could change quickly. Be very cautious at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country or region may be at risk.

  Avoid non-essential travel

Your safety and security could be at risk. You should think about your need to travel to this country, territory or region based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with the region, and other factors. If you are already there, think about whether you really need to be there. If you do not need to be there, you should think about leaving.

  Avoid all travel

You should not travel to this country, territory or region. Your personal safety and security are at great risk. If you are already there, you should think about leaving if it is safe to do so.

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• Passports, travel and living abroad
• Travel abroad
• Foreign travel advice

United Arab Emirates

Warnings and insurance.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) provides advice about risks of travel to help British nationals make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice . 

Before you travel 

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Are there HIV positive restrictions on travel to Dubai, Malaysia or Hong Kong?

2 May 2009. Related: All topics , Living with HIV long-term .

I’m visiting Dubai, Malaysia and Hong Kong and I am wondering if it is safe to take my HIV medication with me?

I’m worried about being refused entry into one of these countries, should they find the pills in my suitcase.

Answer: Simon Collins

You can get an official answer on entry restrictions to any country by contacting the appropriate embassy or consulate, or visiting their web site. If you are calling by phone, it is best not to give your name or say you are HIV-positive.

In practice, most people travel with their meds, sometimes in vitamin jars, and hope everything will be ok.

It can sometimes help to travel with a letter from your doctor, saying you are receiving medical care in the UK (not mentioning HIV), but that you are fit to travel. This might help if you are unlucky and get stopped by a customs officer.

I’m sorry this answer isn’t ideal but this is going to be a personal choice.

Some people decide on principle never to visit any country that has unfair entry criteria (including the US when those restrictions were still in place). Others decide they won’t let HIV stop them from doing everything they want in life, and decide that the relatively low risk of being questioned about meds is an acceptable risk to see other parts of the world (including the US).

This community site about HIV and travel lists statutory entry requirements for for most countries, but only includes the strict legal situation. Also check the information is up-to-date before relying on it.

Things can change over time. For example this site did not encourage visiting China when this question was first posted but this has now changed. This is because the Chinese policy changed to drop the entry bar to HIV positive people.

Even before this though, in practice, many thousands of HIV positive people probably visited these countries each year as tourists, travelling with their meds, without any problems.

101 comments

Hi Sweet, as mentioned in the stem of the main post it can be difficult to travel to the country you have mentioned.

If found to be HIV positive it will lead to detention and deportation from the UAE.

Some people will use different medication packets to hide what the medication is for e.g., in vitamin bottles. This is a risk you need to determine for yourself. Other options are listed in the main answer.

Given that the UAE is not known for hospitality towards people living with HIV, unfortautnely there is not a better answer on if you can or can’t visit.

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Travel tips

General information for hiv-positive travellers, tourists and prep users.

The following are some tips to consider when travelling as a tourist or on a business trips with antiretroviral medication for treatment or prevention.

• Always carry your medication in your hand luggage. Checked luggage might get lost or delayed.
• Always take some days of extra medication with you. You might not return as planned, for unforeseeable reasons. It is cumbersome to run after expensive prescription medication in a different country, and you might not even receive the drugs you are taking if in need.
• You may have to check specific customs regulation for importing your prescription medication. In almost all cases, importing medicines for personal use would not pose a problem. To be on the safe side, carry a doctor’s prescription in English with you. The prescription should make no mention of HIV. Note that these recommendations are not specific to antiretroviral drugs. The customs rules apply to all prescription medication. Some countries are very strict in enforcing customs rules for prescription medication, such as Chile and the U.S.A.
• Carry your medication in original packaging, labelled with your name.
• Do not disclose your HIV status unnecessarily. Not to other travellers, not to customs or immigration officials – it is not their business. Be aware that people with HIV are stigmatised in many countries.
• If you stay in a country for a longer period, or if your health is frail, make sure you know where the next HIV clinic is, or get the address of a clinician specialised in HIV. It might be a good idea to get in touch with a local HIV organisation.
• People taking substitution treatment: check about specific regulations in this respect before travelling. Some countries consider substitution treatment as illicit drug use.

Most important: be aware that perceptions around HIV infection change from country to country. If disclosure is safe in the country and community you normally live in, this might not be the case in the country you are visiting. 

Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Qatar

• Transit passengers Airline passengers going through transit (i. e. changing planes) in these cities don't need to worry. Transit passengers don't go through immigration or customs. People staying overnight in a hotel should take precautions as listed below.
• Business visitors and tourists Despite entry ban policies, short term visits are generally possible. Make sure you have a doctors’ prescription for your medication with you. Carry your medication in your hand luggage. Read the general information above.

Relocating for work, study or retirement – access to treatment and care

You got your visa, study, residence or work permit and now you wonder how you get access to the health system to ensure your medication and monitoring.

• Finalise your employment contract or your admission by your place of study.
• Accessing the local health system is generally not a problem, but it can be tricky in practice. Local organisations are used to resolve this kind of problems.
• Also check the country information here on this site. In some countries, we identified the organisations that could support people, or we even have collected the information about accessing the system. Note that this was not possible everywhere, as this is not the purpose of this site.

Important note

Apart from access to medicines, people with HIV also need access to monitoring, at least twice per year. Relying on supplies and monitoring from your home country is not a good idea in the long run. Since the Covid-19 pandemic, sudden lockdowns have exposed the fragility of such arrangements.

Importing your own medication

Depending on local customs regulations, only limited amounts of prescription drugs are allowed to be imported for personal use. General allowances usually cover the needs for short holidays or visa of up to 90 days. Larger quantities are problematic in most systems – there is however no general rule. Relying on privately imported supplies is not recommended if you stay in a country for 6 months or longer .

In the case of a country with entry bar, can I legally enter if I have HIV?

The short answer is “no”. However, an entry bar is close to impossible to strictly enforce at any port of entry. 

What are people doing to enter such countries anyway? As long a visitor has no visible symptoms of illness and/or no antiretrovirals to take, this is not very difficult.  For people on treatment however, the question may become tricky. As we have seen in the case of the United States former entry restrictions, people on ARVs use certain ‘crafty’ strategies to circumvent entry bar regulations. We do not legally recommend any of those. We try to describe a country’s policies and how they might apply in various circumstances, and then let the reader make their own decisions about what to do. It might well be that some of the bypassing strategies below constitute a violation of applicable immigration laws or other local laws. We do not know what the consequences of such violations might be. It could be that they result in a permanent ban on entering the respective country. However, that might not make a significant difference to an HIV positive traveller, since once they are found out, they are found out and barred from re-entry anyway. 1. The safest strategy

• Rebottle medications with non-prescription packaging
• Carry a letter from a clinician

Rebottle the medication in neutral packaging and make sure it is properly labelled by your pharmacy (this means without mentioning the nature or brand name of the drugs). To comply with laws in many countries, you are recommended to carry a letter from a clinician which states that your drugs are prescribed for a personal medical condition. This letter should not mention HIV. Be ready to answer questions about why you need these drugs without hesitation (blood pressure, coronary problems, etc.). Risk: Small, especially with today’s therapies (reduced number of pills). Plan well ahead to have everything ready. Advice: You should carry the drugs in your hand luggage. Checked luggage is sometimes late or can get lost completely. However, be aware that the drugs can be detected more easily that way.

2. Carry your drugs on you, or in your luggage

• This is what most people do.

Risk: There is a certain risk of being detected by immigration officials or by customs. If this happens, you may face deportation on the next available flight. As a consequence, there is likely no chance of being readmitted to enter the respective country at a later occasion. Advice:

• HIV-positives are advised to take enough medication to cover delays.
• To comply with the law in many countries, you need to carry a letter from a clinician which states that your drugs are prescribed for a personal medical condition. This letter should not mention HIV. Be ready to answer questions about why you need these meds without hesitation (blood pressure, coronary problems, etc.).
• You should carry the drugs in your hand luggage. Checked luggage is sometimes late or can get lost completely. However, be aware that the drugs can be detected more easily that way.
• Leaving a country with remaining ARVs in the hand luggage is also not free of risk.
• Take a last dose to be safe during travel. Before checking in, eliminate remaining medication and ensure to have drugs available when needed after arrival. However, there is a small risk in case of delayed departure.

3. Buy your antiretroviral drugs locally

This looks simple, but also needs some planning.

• Contact your health insurance to find out if drugs you purchase locally are reimbursed (medication, including antiretrovirals, can be more expensive locally than in your home country).
• Check with local contacts if your regimen is available in the pharmacies of your destination country.
• Get a prescription for the medication you are taking from your doctor.
• Take a last dose of your meds before leaving the plane.
• Get an appointment with an HIV specialist on arrival to get a prescription.
• Buy your drugs through a local pharmacy.

4. Considerations before stopping medication

As the Brighton study [1] has demonstrated, some people decided to interrupt treatment before travelling to the US (note: this refers to the past, when the U.S. entry ban was still in place). THIS CAN BE VERY RISKY.

If you are thinking of stopping your medications when travelling to a country with an entry bar, it is imperative that you consult with either your HIV clinician or pharmacist well ahead before doing so, otherwise you run the risk of acquiring new or further resistance that could have significant future health risks. Remember also that if you do stop HAART that you may feel ill during your trip, and that you may also be more infectious.

IMPORTANT: Never discuss your HIV status with local officials!

The country that people with HIV had the most problems with in the past were the United States. However, we also had reports from people being sent back from China, another country that has recently changed its entry policies.

There are more things you can do in order to avoid running into problems.

• Do not disclose your status to fellow passengers.
• Be careful of outing yourself by wearing a red ribbon.
• Avoid disclosing your status to customs or immigration officers. It is not their business.
• If you are asked why you are carrying medications, have a good excuse ready.

Updated: June 18, 2021

[1] HIV-Infected Travellers to the USA, www.medscape.com/viewarticle/529439_3

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The rise of health tourism in Dubai

Over the past five years, the city's healthcare sector has seen remarkable expansion, with the number of clinics and hospitals increasing by 25 per cent.

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Published: Wed 10 Jul 2024, 6:03 PM

Dubai's strategic initiatives to establish itself as a premier global destination for health tourism have achieved significant success, reflected in the growth of high-calibre medical facilities and a substantial influx of international health tourists.

Over the past five years, the city's healthcare sector has seen remarkable expansion, with the number of clinics and hospitals increasing by 25 per cent. This growth is part of Dubai’s broader strategy to attract 500,000 medical tourists annually by 2025.

Influx of International Patients and Economic Impact

Dubai's health tourism sector is flourishing, with a steady rise in patient numbers. In 2023, the city welcomed over 400,000 international patients, contributing significantly to the local economy. The influx of these medical tourists generated an estimated Dh1.2 billion in revenue, highlighting the sector’s importance as a key economic driver.

Enriching Global Medical Practices in Dubai

The integration of global medical expertise with local practices has enhanced Dubai’s healthcare landscape. Clinics like Hair of Istanbul, which recently launched their online portal HairOfIstanbul.com, bring specialised services and introduce innovative medical practices, elevating the overall standard of healthcare in the region. According to Fatih Akdemir, chairman of the board at Hair of Istanbul, this synergy between local and international medical standards fosters a dynamic healthcare environment that benefits both practitioners and patients alike.

The Dubai Health Authority (DHA) has been instrumental in this growth, implementing initiatives that streamline licensing for international practitioners and ensure facilities meet stringent quality standards. These efforts are part of a comprehensive plan to make Dubai a top global destination for health tourism, focusing on elective surgeries, wellness treatments, and specialised medical procedures.

As Dubai continues to attract global healthcare providers and patients, its health tourism sector is poised for further expansion. The ongoing development of medical facilities, combined with supportive government policies, ensures that Dubai remains at the forefront of international health tourism, offering advanced medical treatments in a world-class setting.

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Tori Towey: Irish woman can 'return to normal life' after attempted suicide charges dropped in Dubai

Irish authorities were urged to intervene after Tori Towey was charged with trying to take her own life after allegedly being attacked. The 28-year-old, who works in the United Arab Emirates as an airline cabin crew member, was taken to a police station and her passport blocked from use.

Ireland correspondent @SMurphyTV

Wednesday 10 July 2024 19:02, UK

An Irish woman who was charged with attempting suicide by a Dubai court will be allowed to return home, Ireland's prime minister has said, as the case against her is closed.

Tori Towey, from Boyle in County Roscommon, says she tried to take her own life after allegedly being attacked and left with severe bruising and other injuries.

Irish authorities were urged to intervene after the 28-year-old, who works in the United Arab Emirates as an airline cabin crew member, was taken to a police station and her passport blocked from use.

The Dubai government has now confirmed the attempted suicide charges have been dropped.

It said the case has been closed and she can now "return to normal life".

Taoiseach Simon Harris says the travel ban imposed by Dubai authorities has also been lifted.

He said: "I've just been informed that the travel ban has been lifted, that the embassy will take Tori to the airport as soon as she is ready to go and that the embassy, of course, will continue to follow up on the case, which is still active as of now."

Ordeal 'unimaginable' says Irish PM

Earlier, Mr Harris described Ms Towey's ordeal as "unimaginable" and said it was "utterly, utterly unacceptable how an Irish citizen is being treated".

He added: "A woman who has been a victim of a brutal attack found herself waking up not in hospital, but in a police station. It's my absolute priority as the taoiseach of this country, to get Tori back home to Roscommon."

He thanked the Irish embassy in the UAE for its work on the case.

Read more from Sky News: Manhunt after three women killed Severed thumb used to access banking app Crocodile shot dead after killing girl, 12

Woman and mum 'over the moon'

Ms Towey has been staying in a rented property in Dubai with her mother Caroline, who travelled to be with her daughter.

The family are being assisted by the Detained In Dubai advocacy group, whose chief executive Radha Stirling said the pair are "over the moon" at the lifting of the travel ban.

"We hope her transit at the airport will go smoothly and that no further attempts will be made to keep her in the country," she added.

Anyone feeling emotionally distressed or suicidal can call Samaritans for help on 116 123 or email [email protected] in the UK. In the US, call the Samaritans branch in your area or 1 (800) 273-TALK

Related Topics

• United Arab Emirates

Travel ban lifted and charges against Irish woman Tori Towey in Dubai dropped

Tori Towey had been hospitalised with extensive injuries after an alleged assault by her husband. Picture: Detained in Dubai

The travel ban placed on Irish woman Tori Towey has been lifted this afternoon, Taoiseach Simon Harris has told the Dáil.

Radha Stirling, chief executive at the human rights organisation Detained in Dubai, has also confirmed that the charges against Ms Towey have officially been withdrawn by the Dubai authorities.

The Irish embassy in the United Arab Emirates will now bring Ms Towey, and her mother Caroline who had travelled to be with her daughter, to the airport to get a flight home as soon as they are ready to do so.

Ms Towey and her mother are now expected to board a flight home within 24 hours.

They are currently examining flight options, it is understood.

Ms Towey, who is from Roscommon, was being detained in Dubai after being charged with attempting to take her own life in what has been described as a desperate bid to escape alleged domestic violence.

Ms Towey had been hospitalised with extensive injuries after an alleged assault by her husband.

Tánaiste Micheál Martin welcomed the positive resolution to the case and commended the work of Ireland's Ambassador to the UAE Alison Milton.

He said it has been a challenging and traumatic time for Ms Towey, but she is now doing well.

Speaking to RTÉ's News at One, Mr Martin said that the publicity surrounding the case since it was highlighted in the Dáil by Mary Lou McDonald on Tueday did not help to expedite a resolution to the matter.

"I would have known last evening that there was positive news on the way," he said, explaining that due to the complex nature of such consular cases, it is his belief that he should not publicly comment until somebody is on the plane.

"People do things in the best faith but we tend to have our motis apprendi in terms of how we operate particularly where this involves information and so on," Mr Martin said.

While this particular case has had its "twists and turns", the important thing is that there has been a positive resolution, he added.

Different jurisdictions have different laws, norms and approaches and it is important that people travelling to and living in these places are aware of these, he advised.

Ireland’s diplomatic efforts, engaging with the UAE on trying to broker peace in Gaza and on the wider Palestine issue, helped smooth diplomatic channels to ensure that Ms Towey’s travel ban was lifted quickly and the charges against her were dropped, it is understood.

Speaking in the Dáil on Tuesday, Mary Lou McDonald said Ms Towey's case raises the wider issue around the treatment of women and the abuse of human rights in other jurisdictions.

"I hope that the authorities and the royalty of Dubai is listening very carefully to this message: This is not acceptable. Not acceptable on any level. Not acceptable for any woman.

"We are not objects. We are not chattel. We are not the possession of anybody and our human rights matter and our safety matters."

On Wednesday Ms McDonald said that the public reaction and the support shown for Ms Towey was felt very strongly and eased the feeling of isolation while she was unable to travel home.

"I have found this whole episode to be grotesque and medieval in what it says around how women are treated," Ms McDonald said.

She said it was "really distressing" that Ms Towey "wasn't supported but instead was actually charged with offences herself".

Treatment of Tori Towey 'utterly unacceptable'

Earlier, Taoiseach Simon Harris said he had spoken with both Ms Towey and her mother, and said that Ireland's ambassador in the region has been in constant contact with her since yesterday.

Calling the treatment of the 28-yeard-old "utterly, utterly unacceptable", Mr Harris said that he was using "mild language" in describing the situation.

"Tori has been through, in my view, the most horrific situation," Mr Harris said outside Leinster House.

He said she "needs to be supported" and that "she needs to be brought back home here, to her home in Ireland, and we need the travel ban lifted to make that happen".

For Ms Towey to be facing criminal charges in Dubai for "attempted suicide" and alcohol consumption is unimaginable to most people, said Mr Harris.

That a woman can be the victim of a brutal attack and found herself waking up not in a hospital but a police station.

Getting Ms Towey home to Roscommon is his priority as Taoiseach, he said, adding that the Tánaiste is also working on the matter.

- If you are affected by any of the issues raised in this article, please click here for a list of support services.

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‘Over the moon’: Tori Towey hopes to return to Ireland on Thursday after charges dropped in Dubai

Taoiseach describes irishwoman’s case as ‘horrific nightmare scenario that no irish citizen should have to experience’.

Irishwoman Tori Towey was on Wednesday night hoping to return to Ireland on Thursday after charges against her were dropped by Dubai prosecutors.

The 28-year-old from Roscommon was charged with attempted suicide and illegally consuming alcohol in the United Arab Emirates city, after suffering sustained domestic violence and abuse since marrying her husband in March, the Dáil heard this week.

Ms Towey, who has lived and worked in Dubai for more than a year as an Emirates Airlines flight attendant, was “over the moon” after the charges were dropped and the travel ban lifted, according to Radha Stirling, chief executive of support group Detained in Dubai.

It is understood Ms Towey was awaiting instructions from the embassy late on Wednesday evening concerning her return to Ireland, though her family was not expecting her to be able to leave until Thursday at the earliest.

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Speaking after the charges were dropped, Taoiseach Simon Harris described Ms Towey’s case as a “horrific nightmare scenario that no Irish citizen should ever have to experience”.

“I am extremely frustrated that an Irish citizen found themselves in this position.

“We talk about zero tolerance in this country towards any sort of domestic, sexual and gender-based violence and I want to be clear to countries right around the world [that] we extend that zero tolerance to any of our citizens no matter where they are based in this world,” he told RTÉ's Six One News on Wednesday evening.

A statement from the Dubai government said it had “closed the case involving Irish national Tori Towey after she and her husband, a South African national, were involved in a case featuring mutual charges of assault, dating back to May 2024.

“The couple reached a reconciliation and withdrew the complaints filed against each other.

“Dubai Public Prosecution has also dropped the charges of attempted suicide against her considering the circumstances of the case and to enable her to return to normal life,” the statement said.

After the travel ban imposed on Ms Towey had been lifted, Mr Harris told TDs that the United Arab Emirates embassy would take her to the airport “as soon as she is ready to go”.

Mr Harris thanked the embassy, saying Ireland’s Ambassador to the UAE, Alison Milton, “has been in very frequent and intense contact with the Ministry for Foreign Affairs” on Ms Towey’s situation.

The Taoiseach stressed that Ms Towey “doesn’t need to come home after a court case because she is not a criminal”.

Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs Micheál Martin anticipated Ms Towey and her mother, Caroline, would be returning to Ireland at the earliest opportunity after the travel ban had been lifted, saying it has been “traumatic” for her.

The two had been staying in an Airbnb after Caroline flew out to support her daughter, according to Ms Stirling, who praised the speed at which the Government intervened.

“She is exhausted and she’s finding it very overwhelming. But at the same time, we’re really, really warmed by all of the support that she’s been getting. I don’t think she expected all of that.

“I don’t think she expected the Irish Government to motivate themselves as quickly. And this is the fastest I’ve ever seen this happen from a Government. So I’m super impressed by Ireland’s response,” she said.

Separately, Ms Towey’s aunt, Ann Flynn, said the family has been “very anxious” while the charges brought against her niece were “hard to believe”.

“It’s really terrible that this has happened to a young woman, you know, that was full of life and full of adventure,” she told RTÉ radio’s Morning Ireland.

Jack White is a reporter for The Irish Times

Marie O'Halloran

Marie O'Halloran is Parliamentary Correspondent of The Irish Times

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Irish PM says travel ban on woman charged with 'attempted suicide' in Dubai has been lifted

• Wednesday 10 July 2024 at 1:41pm

Warning: Some people may find some of the images contained within this article distressing

Irish premier Simon Harris has said the travel ban imposed by Dubai authorities on Irish woman Tori Towey, who had been charged with attempted suicide, has been lifted.

Ms Towey, from Boyle in County Roscommon, works in the United Arab Emirates as an airline cabin crew member and was left with severe bruising and other injuries after an alleged attack.

Following the incident, the 28-year-old was taken to a police station where she charged with attempted suicide and abusing alcohol.

Both of which carry a lengthy prison sentence in the UAE.

Her passport had been blocked and she was unable to return to Ireland.

Addressing the Irish parliament on Wednesday afternoon, Mr Harris said: “I’ve just been informed that the travel ban has been lifted, that the embassy will take Tori to the airport as soon as she is ready to go and that the embassy of course will continue to follow up on the case, which is still active as of now.”

He thanked the Irish embassy in the United Arab Emirates for their work on the case.

Earlier, Harris had told the Dail he was prepared to "intervene" in Ms Towey's case and "support an Irish citizen" under "the most appalling circumstances".

Harris said he wasn't initially aware of the case, but after being told by Sinn Fein leader Mary Lou McDonald that Ms Towey was "under incredible stress", he would work to see how she could be helped.

Tori's mother Caroline has travelled to Dubai to stay with Ms Towey and the campaign group Detained in Dubai has been assisting the family with their efforts to get her home.

The case against Ms Towey will be heard in court on July 18.

Human rights advocate and lawyer Radha Stirling, who runs Detained in Dubai , said: "Tori’s experience is nothing short of tragic and quite frankly, she is lucky to be alive.

"Strangely, the UAE has gone to great public relations efforts to promote alcohol as legal in the country. In reality, people are still regularly charged with alcohol consumption and possession."

ITV News has contacted the Dubai Media Office and Embassy of the United Arab Emirates in Dublin for comment.

Want a quick and expert briefing on the biggest news stories? Listen to our latest podcasts to find out What You Need To Know…

• Entertainment

Travel ban for Tori Towey in Dubai lifted, says Taoiseach

Taoiseach Simon Harris has told the Dáil that the travel ban on Tori Towey – the Irish woman who is facing criminal charges in Dubai – has been lifted.

Ms Towey was charged following a suicide attempt brought on by alleged domestic abuse.

Today's top videos

Story continues below.

Speaking in the Dail on Wednesday afternoon, Taoiseach Simon Harris said a travel ban imposed by Dubai authorities on Irish woman Tori Towey, who was reportedly charged with attempted suicide, has now been lifted.

‘I’ve just been informed that the travel ban has been lifted, that the embassy will take Tori to the airport as soon as she is ready to go and that the embassy, of course, will continue to follow up on the case, which is still active as of now,’ Mr Harris said.

He thanked the Irish embassy in the United Arab Emirates for its work on the case.

Ms Towey, 28, from Boyle in Co.  Roscommon , was not allowed to leave the country and faced imprisonment instead for attempted suicide as well as drinking alcohol.

Her mother, Caroline, has flown to Dubai to be with her daughter.

Mr Harris had said earlier today that ‘no effort would be spared’ to get the Irish woman home.

Sinn Fein leader Mary Lou McDonald raised the case in the Irish parliament for the second day in a row, criticising what she said was the ‘medieval, grotesque treatment of women’ in the United Arab Emirates.

She said that Tori Towey, a 28-year-old from Co Roscommon, had been working as an airline attendant in Dubai since last March.

‘(Tori) does not belong to Dubai, she belongs at home in Ireland,’ Ms McDonald told the Dail chamber.

The Taoiseach thanked Ms McDonald and Roscommon TD Claire Kerrane for raising the ‘distressing’ case.

He said the Irish embassy in the United Arab Emirates has been in constant contact with Ms Towey.

‘We want Tori Towey back in this country, we want her back home in Roscommon,’ Mr Harris said.

‘No effort will be spared by us, by Ireland, to make progress on this matter, to get Tori home. She’s not a criminal, she’s a victim of gender-based violence.’

Earlier this morning, her aunt, Anne Flynn, told RTÉ radio’s Morning Ireland that the family were ‘very, very anxious.’

‘We keep hoping that we’ll get word that they’re on a plane, on the way home.’

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