best way to travel with pets

A comprehensive guide to traveling with pets

Traveling with a pet, especially for the first time, is a daunting and stressful task — for both you as well as your furry companion. (That's why we typically suggest only traveling with your pet when necessary.)

Of course, some animals don't mind the jet-set life and make great travel buddies. Just like humans, each pet is a unique individual that adapts to the world differently. Whether it's your pet's first flight or they're a seasoned, four-legged world traveler, these tips will help guarantee you and your furry friend have a seamless journey.

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Before You Go

First, and most importantly, make sure your pet is fit to travel. Some animals simply cannot handle travel due to age, illness, injury or temperament. If you're unsure, consult with your veterinarian for an expert opinion.

Identification

Get ready to travel by making sure you have all of the proper identification for your travel buddy. Purchase an ID tag for your pet's collar that lists your home address and cellphone number, as well as a temporary tag with the location and phone number of the hotel you plan to stay at.

If you haven't already, now is a good time to microchip your pet. Microchipping is a safe and permanent form of identification that can be extremely useful if your pet wrests free from his or her collar. If your companion is already microchipped, confirm that all the contact information registered on the chip is accurate and up to date before your departure.

Important documents

Take photos of your pet's medical history documents and save them on your phone. In the event of a medical emergency, these documents could be useful for the vet treating your fur baby. Note that some states require specific documentation , such as a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection, an Official Health Certificate or proof of rabies vaccines — so a quick trip to the vet may be necessary even before traveling around the country. And if you plan on traveling frequently within Europe, it may be a good idea to get your pet its own EU Pet Passport .

Accessories

Your pet's travel crate or carrier should be well-ventilated and must be large enough for your pet to stand, sit, turn around and lie down. Always introduce your pet to the new carrier at home before using it on a trip — and be sure to check your airline's pet carrier size guidelines and specifications before purchasing any new gear. Sherpa-brand carriers are well regarded and some sizes are approved for use on most U.S. airlines.

Hitting the Road

Whether you travel by car, plane or train, one way to calm animals is to tire them out before departure. Play a wild game of fetch or take your four-legged friend on a long walk before leaving — it will help them sleep through the trek. And be sure to cushion your pet's carrier with a favorite blanket, or a T-shirt with your scent. A sense of familiarity can relax a distressed pet.

Before em- barking (see what we did there?) on a long road trip, give your pet time to become familiar with spending time in a car. Sit with your buddy inside a parked car with the engine off. Once your pet is comfortable being in the car, you can start taking short drives to a local park for playtime — not to the vet. This will create a positive association between car rides and fun. You should reward your pet with treats and praise after each ride. As your pet becomes more accustomed to car travel, start to gradually increase the length of your trips.

And, of course, pets are not excluded from the old adage to buckle up for safety! Make sure your pet is safe and secure in the back seat. You can invest in a pet car seat, travel crate or seat belt leash to keep your dog restrained in the back. Preventing your pet from wandering freely around the car will not only keep them safe, but it will reduce distraction for the driver as well. A travel crate is a great option, as it provides extra protection in the event of a crash.

No matter how much you love cuddling with your pet, never let him or her sit on your lap when you're behind the wheel. Not only is it a major distraction, but it's also extremely dangerous for your favorite canine (or feline). A slam on the breaks could squish them between you and the steering wheel. And even the most well-behaved lapdog can be startled by a noise and decide to hop down to the floor between the pedals.

Please, keep all paws inside the moving vehicle. As adorable as it is to see a furry face hanging out a car window, we do not recommend allowing your dog to do so. Another car, a tree branch or an unexpected obstacle could come too close and injure your pup.

Give your pet a light meal no less than four hours before leaving on your journey, and refrain from feeding Fido in the car to prevent motion sickness. Make pit stops every two to three hours to allow time for bathroom breaks and exercise. If your pet is notorious for, well, leaving their mark, invest in a waterproof seat cover and rubberized floor mat.

Keep your companion comfortable by regulating the temperature. Make sure the air is circulating in the back where your sidekick is sitting. If your car is capable of isolating the radio, keep the sound up front for the humans so you don't irritate your pet's sensitive ears . It's bad enough they have to listen to your singing during the road trip.

This should go without saying but never leave your animal alone in a parked vehicle. Even with the windows cracked, the inside of a car can reach 104 degrees in just 10 minutes on an 85-degree day.

In-cabin air travel

Small animals, generally around 20 pounds or less, are permitted to travel in the cabin with an adult. Only a limited number of animals are allowed on each flight, so contact the airline as soon as possible to reserve a spot. If your travel plans are flexible, opt for a midweek flight, which will likely be less crowded.

Avoid flying with your pet during the holidays and take a nonstop flight whenever possible. If you do have a layover, let your dog stretch its legs and use the bathroom at a pet relief station (available at many major airports). Always be prepared for flight delays, and keep extra food and toys in your carry-on. It could be a lifesaver if your checked baggage gets lost en route to your destination.

Once you board, place your airline-friendly pet carrier under the seat or in a designated spot (if you fly first or business class on an American Airlines A321T , for example, you'll have to put your pooch in a special open compartment during taxi, takeoff, landing and turbulence). Never put your pet in the overhead bin , even if you're told to by airline staff.

Give your pet a bit of water or an ice cube during takeoff. Swallowing can help unpop their ears while the plane is ascending and alleviate any discomfort.

Tranquilizing an animal is not recommended prior to flying, as it could hinder breathing. Most airlines won't even accept a tranquilized animal. If you're worried about your pet becoming anxious mid-flight, try the Thunder Shirt, which has worked wonders for nervous, traveling pets. Consult your veterinarian, and see if they can offer any specific advice or medication for your pet.

Cargo air travel

We do not recommend flying your pet in cargo, but sometimes it's unavoidable. If you must bring a large animal on a flight, you'll have to check them underneath the passenger cabin. Many airlines forbid snub-nosed breeds of dogs and cats — which are susceptible to breathing difficulties — from traveling in cargo. Some airlines do not fly pets in the cargo hold at all, so check with your airline to confirm that your pet will be welcomed aboard. A separate booking is required for any pets flying cargo.

It's also important to avoid traveling when it's extremely hot or cold. Most airlines will not fly pets in cargo during the summer months. Even though the cargo hold is temperature controlled, your pet will have to endure the extreme temperatures during loading and unloading on the tarmac. Book a direct flight to reduce the amount of handling. (Layovers allow the opportunity for your pet to be left out on the ground or mishandled by the baggage crew.)

Make sure your pet's crate is clearly labeled with a "live animal" sticker and your contact information, including your name, cellphone number, address and phone number for your ultimate destination. If you happen to be traveling to an international location, you should also translate "live animal" to the local language, so baggage handlers understand they're dealing with precious cargo.

Invest in a crate with a sturdy metal door (which some airlines require over plastic) that allows your pet plenty of room to completely stand up and turn around. The crate should provide adequate ventilation and a waterproof bottom with a spring lock door. Patty from the TPG Lounge suggested keeping your pet hydrated during the flight by freezing a water bowl to place inside the crate. This prevents spillage during handling before the flight.

Travelers should also request that the gate agent notify you once your pet has been loaded on the plane. When you board, alert the cabin crew that you have a live animal in the hold so they know to keep an extra close eye on the cargo pressure and temperature.

Booking a pet-friendly hotel stay

Do your research before you go, and make sure you're selecting a pet-friendly hotel before booking. In addition to noting special amenities and programs, be aware of fees that may be associated with bedding down with a pet in tow.

Request a room by an exit on the ground floor to conveniently take your dog for a walk, and note that some hotels do not allow pets on the furniture. You should always abide by the rules, but just in case your pet doesn't, grab an extra towel and drape it over the furniture to avoid any rips or scratches. Even if your dog is potty-trained, an unfamiliar setting could leave them anxious and susceptible to having an accident. Put down a pee pad in the room, just in case. Better safe than paying a hefty cleaning fee.

Photo by Richard Atrero de Guzman/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images

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• travel and adventure

A guide to traveling with pets

Whether it’s on the road or up in the air, be in the know before you make travel plans for you and your furry friend.

— Medically reviewed by Dr. Erica Irish

Everything we create is factually accurate and biased toward science → meet our team of experts

Dr. Dwight Alleyne

Updated October 31, 2023

Planning for your trip

Traveling with pets by plane, traveling with pets by train, traveling with pets by car, cruises and boating with pets, traveling internationally with your pet, lodging with pets.

• Frequently Asked Questions

The essentials

• Know before you go — Certain destinations and airlines may have travel restrictions and additional health requirements for your pet. Your pet may need a veterinarian exam within ten days of your departure — or sooner, depending on your destination.
• Flying with pets means you have choices to make — Cats and dogs under 20 pounds may qualify to ride in an airline passenger cabin for an extra fee. Larger animals must be checked as baggage or secure a separate cargo flight.
• Help them rest easy on their travels — Finding a comfortable pet carrier and harness allows your pet to have a safe, less stressful experience.

Plenty of pet parents like to bring their furry friends wherever they go, including on vacation. After all, they’re with us while we’re working at home, so why not reward them with a holiday? Whether you’re bringing your furry BFF along on a road trip or taking to the skies in an airplane, it’s important to have a travel to-do list for your pup or kitty to keep them safe and comfortable. 

Before making plans for you and your pet, it’s important to visit the veterinarian to check for any underlying health issues that could make travel dangerous. Additionally, many rules and regulations have shifted after the COVID-19 pandemic. Many airlines no longer allow pets to fly as cargo, so check your particular airline information Trusted Source American Kennel Club (AKC) Registry of purebred dog pedigrees. Go to source before booking your seat.

Read on to learn about everything else you should consider if you’re planning to take your pet with you on your next travel adventure.

Before hitting the road or going up in the air, pet parents should include a pre-travel to-do list for their furry friends, especially for long-distance trips. Just like a packing list, your canine or feline friend will need to be prepared to go on vacation, and prepping your pets in advance is a good idea even for short trips. 

Check with your vet

If you’re nervous about how well your pet will handle air or car travel, ask your veterinarian if they recommend using any medications to help with stress or even motion sickness. However, it’s important to know when flying with your pet that the International Air Transport Association no longer recommends sedatives or tranquilizers as a good option. There’s a risk they can put added stress on your animal’s breathing.

Don’t wait until the last minute to call your vet — it may take their office some time to gather the necessary paperwork for your pet’s travel health certificate. You might also ask them about any holistic methods or products available to calm your pet that are safe for travel and your pet’s specific needs.

Research travel guidelines

Although we wish we could bring our furry friends everywhere we go, there are restrictions for traveling with pets. Some airlines, such as Delta and Southwest, no longer provide cargo shipping or checked baggage as an option for pets. They only allow animals in the cabin, generally ruling out larger dogs (excluding service animals ). American Airlines does allow pets to fly as cargo. If you want to take a train, Amtrak only allows dogs up to 20 lbs., and they must be in a carrier. Not all hotels are pet-friendly either, so be sure to research which hotels allow pets in the room before booking. 

As always, check before you go. Guidelines about traveling with animals have remained constantly in flux, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. We also recommend calling any airlines, hotels, or other travel accommodations separately to verify any published information on their website, giving you extra peace of mind before takeoff.

Make sure your pet is safe and secure

Whatever way you choose to travel, your dog will need a well-ventilated dog or cat carrier in the appropriate size. Many pet parents make the transport device as comfortable as possible, lining it with a light mat. Keeping a toy in the pet carrier to help comfort your pet is also a good idea. Just make sure if you’re traveling on an airplane, the toy won’t disrupt the other passengers! 

When traveling, keep your pet leashed at all times unless they’re in their carrier or another secure area. Making sure your pet is properly leash-trained will make the long periods on a leash easier for everyone. If you’re traveling by car, you may want to take some time pre-trip to train your pet on riding in the car with a pet-friendly seatbelt. 

It’s also important to keep your pet identifiable in the worst-case scenario if you both get separated. In addition to microchipping your pet , you should make sure they have an ID tag with your information on it to contact you.

Stress less - keep your pet safe while moving!

Amber alert for pets, choosing the right pet carrier.

Pets who are going to be constrained in a carrier for an extended period of time should be as comfortable as possible. The ideal pet carrier should be well-ventilated and the correct size for your pet. The best way to gauge the appropriate size? If your furry friend can stand up and turn around without touching the top or sides, the carrier is a good fit. 

Cat owners who are traveling with their kitties will also want to choose a carrier with both a top and side opening. Giving your cat options and being able to lift them up out of the carrier is less stressful for them. If you’re traveling by car, keep the carrier or cat backpack level in the vehicle to help ease stress and prevent nausea for your cat. If you’re traveling by plane, make sure your cat wears a leash or harness, as they’ll need to get out of the carrier during the TSA pre-check. 

👉 If you’re flying with your pet, airlines may have rules about the type of carrier they can travel in, such as hard-sided or wooden. It’s always best to check in with your airline of choice to make sure your transportation tool is in line with their specific standards.

Training your pet to wear a harness

Many dogs are already trained to wear a harness before they go on a big trip with their humans. All those walks and outdoor playtimes mean your pup is pretty used to their dog harness . Cats, however, are less commonly harness-trained, and it may take them a little time to get used to it. Because it’s essential to keep your pet harnessed and leashed while out traveling, if your pet isn’t harness trained you’ll want to take care of that before your trip.

Preparing your big dog for traveling

It’s naturally much easier to travel with a smaller dog than some bigger breeds. But i f you want to have your large dog with you at all times, you’ll probably want to stick with road trips Trusted Source VCA Hospitals Community of veterinarians with up-to-date veterinary information. Go to source . Dogs larger than 20 lbs. are typically not allowed in the main cabin of an airplane or train unless they’re certified service animals.

Larger dogs can travel by plane, but will often need to be shipped on a special pet cargo freight flight, and only certain airlines (such as Delta) offer this service. Pet parents will have to make sure the flight times of the pet cargo plane align with their own travel itinerary, which can make things a little more difficult.

When traveling with your big dog in the car, get them set up with a kennel or a doggie seatbelt that is comfortable for them. Make sure your larger-sized pup has room to stretch their paws and turn around. It’s OK to let your pup enjoy some fresh air out of an open window, but always make sure they’re secured when doing so.

Traveling with anxious pets

Some pets are more susceptible to stress than others, and this can cause potential issues when traveling. It’s a good idea to set up an appointment with your veterinarian if your pet gets tense when traveling. Your vet can recommend supplements or medications to help make the travel more pleasant for your pup or kitty when bringing them out of their comfort zone. 

Per Dr. Dwight Alleyne, “Pets that are too anxious may not be able to travel because of increased risk to health, especially if they have underlying health conditions such as heart or respiratory disease. Anxiety medications can help with traveling, but there are some airlines that may not allow you to travel with any type of medication that can cause sedation. Your veterinarian can help assist you to determine what is best for your pet based on their circumstances.” 

👉 C onsider if your pet should be traveling with you. We love having our furbabies with us, but there are times where it may be better to leave your pet at home with a trusted pet sitter or at a boarding facility.

Pet owners who want to take to the skies with their dog or cat have a lot to think about when planning their trip.

• Generally speaking, all dogs and cats must be at least eight weeks old before going on their first flight, and they must be fully weaned for at least five days for their comfort (and your sanity!) Typically pets must be 20 lbs. or less to fit in an airline-approved pet carrier.
• All airlines will ask for a health certificate from your veterinarian before your pet is allowed onboard. Ideally, it should be written within ten days of your departure, stating that your pet is up to date on core vaccines (especially rabies!) It’ll also outline your animal’s overall health, listing any medical conditions and whether they seem fit to fly, which is determined by your pet’s veterinarian.

When pets are allowed in the main cabin

When possible, arrange for your pet to fly with you in the main cabin. Small pets, like cats and dogs under 20 pounds, are often considered carry-on pets and are generally allowed for an additional pet fee if they remain in their dog carrier or cat carrier.

Airlines must accommodate certified service dogs at no extra charge. However, airlines are no longer required to give emotional support animals the same level of accommodations even if they are certified. If accepted, they’re considered pets and must still follow the 20-pound rule. You can expect to pay around $200 or less for your pet to ride in the cabin with you versus the $1,000 average for a cargo ticket.

Traveling with your pet in the domestic United States

Flying within the country usually isn’t as big of a hassle as international travel. For example, your pet probably won’t have to undergo quarantine unless you’re traveling to Hawaii, where your pet will be required to quarantine for 120 days if they haven’t received a rabies vaccination within the last 30 days. If they have, they still must remain under watch for five days once they arrive. Hawaii is 100% rabies-free, so it maintains stringent preventative measures.

Individual states may have rules that differ from where you live, so you should contact a veterinarian in your destination state before you travel.

Traveling with your pet overseas

International flights pose extra challenges when it comes to traveling with pets. Some foreign countries have strict limits, such as not allowing your pet to arrive in-cabin. A commercial shipping company may be a better option or even required by your destination country. 

In the wake of the coronavirus pandemic, most airlines no longer allow live animals as checked baggage or to be shipped as cargo on a separate flight, which means they’ll have to ride with you or get shipped commercially through a third party.

In addition to the health certificate we mentioned earlier, your pet may require additional certificates plus an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) microchip. Certain locations outside the continental United States may also require a quarantine for your pet once they reach the country.

Check with your airline and destination country before you book your pet’s flight so you know what to expect. Ask about necessary vaccines, certifications, and quarantines.

Other tips for traveling by plane

Here are some other factors to consider beyond your pet’s comfort level and social skills:

• Pets prone to anxiety or aggression shouldn’t fly. The added stress of flying will exacerbate these issues, and make the experience unpleasant for all involved.
• Never fly with any animal with cardiac or respiratory issues. Stressful situations elevate your dog’s body temperature. Panting cools them down, but flat-faced brachycephalic breeds can’t pant efficiently, which makes them susceptible to heatstroke , even if it isn’t that hot outside. It is not recommended to fly with these breeds under any conditions, due to the risk of respiratory distress Trusted Source VCA Hospitals Community of veterinarians with up-to-date veterinary information. Go to source .
• Elderly or pregnant animals are high-risk passengers. Certain airlines won’t allow them on board, and health complications are more prone to arise in these animals.

Risks of traveling with pets

U.S. airlines transported more than 256,114 dogs and cats in 2021, according to our analysis of the Department of Transportation’s Air Travel Consumer Reports . While the vast majority arrived safely at their destination, 21 died, another 7 were injured, and 14 lost.

When examining several years’ worth of reports, large dogs such as labrador retrievers and Siberian huskies were most at risk for chewing through their kennel in the cargo hold, which often resulted in injury but rarely death. Owners of brachycephalic breeds such as the English bulldog reported instances of suffocation, and the few cats that flew as checked pets and reported fatalities experienced cardiac failure amidst other underlying health conditions.

Flying can stress your pet’s heart and lungs, which can have fatal consequences if they’re in poor health. This is another reason your pet needs a thorough exam by a veterinarian before traveling.

Cost of flying with a pet*

Consider the time of year.

Some cargo holds aren’t climate-controlled in the same way as airplane cabins. As a result, many pet parents avoid booking their flights during the hottest or coldest times of the year.

If that’s not possible, you can take as many steps as you can to keep you and your pet comfortable. For example, if you must fly in January, secure a flight in the middle of the day when it’s warmer. In July, travel at night when the summer sun won’t be as scorching. Whenever possible, try to book a direct flight to avoid unnecessary exertion. 

Airlines will probably have temperature guidelines as well — and you can always bring plane-safe temperature devices (like personal fans or heaters) as is allowed by your airline and the Transportation Safety Administration (TSA).

Some good news for pet owners who live to travel by train is that Amtrak does offer pet-friendly travel options. Similarly to airplanes, your pet must be in a pet carrier and must remain in the carrier throughout the trip. Amtrak only allows pets to travel on trips up to seven hours – any longer and they’d definitely need a potty break! Only certain routes allow pets, and pets are only permitted to ride in coach or Acela business class compartments. 

The fees for pet travel via train are very reasonable and anywhere between $29 – $39 depending on the route. One important thing to note with Amtrak travel is that the pet carrier and pet must be no heavier than twenty pounds put together. 

Pet carriers can be hard or soft, but must be leakproof and well-ventilated. The maximum size for pet carriers is 19″ long x 14″ wide x 10.5″ high. All pets need to be at least eight weeks old and up to date on all vaccinations. Be sure to get to the train station at least 45 minutes before departing so that your dog or cat’s paperwork can be checked.

Taking your pet on the open road can be a lot of fun if you’re well-prepared. Many dogs love car rides, so for some pet parents, this will be an easy feat. Other dogs and cats aren’t always so keen to be in a car for long.

• If you cat or dog are highly anxious travelers , they may need anxiety supplements or medication that your veterinarian can provide. 
• Pack a go-back for your dog or cat with their food, toys, bowls, fresh water, and any medicine or supplements. It’s also a good idea to have a pet first aid bundle to plan for all possible contingencies. Be sure to keep treats and a favorite toy or two close at hand to keep your pet happy and entertained during the long drive. 
• Time your bathroom breaks with your pets’ potty breaks. While dogs can do their business anywhere outside, a cat will need access to their litter box. Keep a litter box in the back or trunk of your car, then harness and leash your cat and bring them to their litter box when it’s time for a bathroom break. The leash will prevent them from running out of the car while still giving them space to take care of business.
• Choose how you want your pets to travel – Cats will probably do best in a pet carrier, and many dogs will feel most comfortable in their crates or carriers. If pets are used to riding in the car with a pet-friendly seat belt and harness, there’s no reason to switch it up for a longer trip.

While taking your dog on the open waters sounds like a fun adventure, there aren’t too many options available. Cunard Cruise Lines does allow dogs 20 lbs. or less on their ships, though pups must be in a kennel at all times they’re not in your cabin. If you have your own boat, boating with your dog can be a ton of fun. Just be sure to pack plenty of fresh water and a doggy life jacket !

Traveling internationally can be trickier than domestically. If you’re traveling to any part of Europe, all pets must be microchipped and up to date on all vaccinations. Pets also require a health certificate that is countersigned and stamped by Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). Your veterinarian must be USDA accredited in order for APHIS to accept their certificate. 

Travel to Mexico from the United States is much less restrictive in regard to pets. Pets don’t need to be microchipped or have a health certificate. Upon entering the border or going through airport customs, your pet will be inspected to ensure they are healthy and not visibly wounded upon arrival. 

No matter where you’re going, make sure you carry copies of your pet’s vaccination documents and health certificate and have them handy to present if asked by local authorities.

Once you get to your destination, you’ll want to make sure your pet is safe and comfortable in their home away from home. Set up any litter boxes right away, or doggy pee pads if you use them. Figure out the route your dog will take to go potty and try to take the same route each time to get your dog comfortable with a routine.

Set up your pet’s carrier or bed in a place they’ll be comfortable. Leave out some toys to make the space more fun. If you have to leave your pet in your hotel room, take steps to ensure they’ll be calm and quiet so as not to disturb other guests. You may need to give them a calming supplement to help reduce the stress of being alone in a foreign place. 

👉  It’s a good idea to bring cleaning supplies with you on your trip. In the chance a pup or kitty has an accident, travelers shouldn’t rely on the cleaning staff to clean up after those messes. 

Traveling with pets has a lot of steps involved to ensure a smooth experience. Plenty of pre-planning and preparations are involved to keep your dog or cat safe and as comfortable as possible on their trip. But getting to share in your adventures with your furry best friend can make all the legwork worth it.

Frequently asked questions

Can i fly with my newborn kitten or puppy.

For their safety, all dogs and cats must be at least 8 weeks old and fully weaned before they can fly. In practicality, they might need to be even older than that since most puppies and kittens don’t yet have their required vaccines at such a young age. You’ll need to wait until they grow up a little more before they can join you on your airplane adventures.

How much does it cost to fly with a dog or cat?

In-cabin accommodations are much cheaper than checked baggage or cargo. The price is usually less than $200, which is usually closer to an add-on cost than an extra ticket. Checked baggage costs a little more but still stays in the economical range. Cargo can cost as much as a human plane ticket and may not be an option with many commercial airlines. You’ll probably have the choice of flying with your pet in-cabin or hiring a commercial shipping company to transport your pet. Most airlines no longer allow animals as checked baggage or on their cargo flights.

How do you travel long distances with a cat? 

Cats typically do very well in their carriers and will not mess in them as they want to avoid sitting in their own mess. While cats can hold their urine for a long time (up to 24 hours!), it’s recommended to have a litter box in the trunk of your car. Bring your cat out to it while on a leash to let your cat relieve themselves during a long drive. 

Is it safe to fly with your pet?

When taking the proper precautions, yes. While the accounts of dog and cat deaths over recent years have made us think twice about how to travel safely with our animals, these incidents account for less than 0.05% of all animals transported. Hundreds of thousands of animals fly safely every year. That said, you should always take your pet to the veterinarian within 10 days of your flight for a health assessment and refrain from flying a sick, pregnant, or elderly pet. Animals with a history of aggression, anxiety, or brachycephalic dog breeds may not make good travelers. Talk to your veterinarian if you have any concerns about traveling with your pet.

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The safest way to travel with dogs

There’s something idyllic about taking to the open road with your dog by your side ― seeing their head hanging happily out of the window from your rear-view mirror, their faces warm in the sun, their ears flapping in the wind.

However, some of what we love most about driving around town with our constant companions may not be wise.

Whether you’re taking your pup to the pet supply store for some quick socialization or embarking on a cross-country road trip for the holidays, here’s what you should know to keep you and your best friend safe.

@animalhumanemn How do you keep your pet safe in the car? #dogsoftiktok #AnimalHumaneMN #travelwithdogs #cattledog ♬ Countless - Official Sound Studio

Buckle up your pup

Seatbelts are lifesaving — for people as well as pets. Any time you take your dog in the car it’s crucial they are secured.

Kennels are the best way to keep your pooch safe and ensure they aren’t distracting you while you navigate and drive.

However, if you’d prefer to keep an eye on your buddy during your trip, you can purchase a harness or car seat that buckles into your vehicle’s seatbelt system.

Not only will keeping your pet secure prevent injuries from an accident, but it can also protect you and others in your car as pets can become dangerous projectiles during a crash.

According to Allianz Life Insurance Company, if a car crashes at a speed of just 25mph, an unrestrained dog can be projected forward at a force equal to 40 times their weight. That means a 50-pound dog can achieve an impact force of 2,000 pounds in a car crash!

Though many states, including Minnesota, don’t have a specific law prohibiting dogs from being loose in your car, you could still get pulled over — and even receive a ticket — if an officer determines your dog was distracting you from driving or obstructing your vision. And wrangling a loose dog in your car while talking to a police officer can lead to other unwanted challenges!

Windows up for a healthy pup

We know how much dogs love sticking their heads out of the window to catch some breeze, and there’s something magical about seeing your dog so happy. Unfortunately, it’s not a safe habit for your four-legged friend.

Eye injuries, from dirt, rocks, dust, and other debris, are common when dogs have their heads outside of moving cars. Even a small amount of debris or a slight scratch to their cornea can cause serious damage resulting in time-consuming and expensive vet visits.

Ears flapping from high speeds can also result in lifelong problems for your pup. If you notice your dog’s ears are irritated or even swollen after a long car ride, you may want to think twice about lowering the windows the next time you hit the road.

Know your dog’s speed limits

Every pup is different. Some jump with excitement the second they hear “car ride,” while others can be downright terrified by the experience.

Many dogs that are fearful or anxious about riding in a vehicle will insist on curling up in your lap ― their safe space.

If this sounds like your dog, check out our tips for training your dog to tolerate car rides , or talk to a vet or behaviorist for more help.

They can prescribe situational medications to help with temporary anxiety and training methods to help you desensitize your doggo to life on the road.

Arriving at your destination

These precautions may seem like a lot, especially if you’re used to frequent car rides with your dog riding shotgun and have never had an issue.

As responsible pet parents, it’s up to us to examine our habits and admit when they aren’t safe.

Whether you’re traveling with dogs or your feline friends , the most important thing is arriving safely at your destination.

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Traveling With Pets: Your Guide to Flying or Driving With a Furry Friend

Here's everything you need to know before traveling with pets.

Furry and loyal, our pets are part of our families. So when we go on adventures near and far, we want to take our four-legged friends along for the journey. As with any other part of pet ownership, preparing for long car or train rides, air travel , or hotel stays requires a little extra research and work before your departure day. Here's everything you need to know before traveling with pets, including a pre-departure checklist and veterinarian-approved tips.

How to Prepare for Travel With Pets

Whether you're crossing the Atlantic or simply crossing over state lines, there are some necessary precautions to take for your pet's health and safety. Some of these can take months to complete, so it's best to get a head start.

Make Sure Your Pet Is Properly Vaccinated

Whether traveling by train, plane, or car, staying in a hotel or at a campground, vaccinations are extremely important. Jeff Werber, D.V.M., the chief veterinary officer for Airvet Telemedicine says there's typically a core set of vaccines that are given in a series when your pet is young and then updated every three years. Your vet may recommend additional vaccines depending on your location, your lifestyle, and other factors. Every shot is different and has a varied timeline for immunity success, so Dr. Werber recommends letting your vet know about your travel plans ASAP. If you're going to a destination that could put your dog or cat at a higher risk of infection for a disease that's not common in the U.S., it may require another vaccination.

More often than not, your vet will provide some sort of health certificate that will be checked when entering a new state and/or country, says Dr. Jerry Klein, the American Kennel Club 's chief veterinary officer. In some cases, this certificate must be vetted by a USDA-accredited veterinarian and may require a notary stamp for verification. This document is particularly important for international travel; your beloved pet may not be admitted into your destination country without it.

Consider Microchipping Your Pet

Losing a dog or cat in an unfamiliar place is every pet parent's worst nightmare. For your peace of mind — and to meet the requirements of some countries and states — Dr. Klein recommends getting your pet microchipped before traveling.

Your vet will do the simple, fast, in-office procedure, and the chip will be connected to your current contact information. "A tag is included when you have a microchip that has the microchip number and a mobile contact of the owner, so if the pet is found, they can use the tag to determine ownership without having to contact a veterinarian," he adds.

Pack Extra Food

Try to keep your pet's food consistent when traveling. Generally speaking, it's best not to feed your pet the morning of your travel day to reduce nausea, says Dr. Brian J. Bourquin, the founder and chief medical officer at Boston Veterinary Clinic . He recommends measuring out your pet's food and bringing enough for each day, plus some extra, in case there are delays or changes in your travel plans. And as every owner knows, there are never enough treats to reward good behavior or provide comfort, so be generous with them.

Tips for Traveling by Car

For some pets, there's nothing quite as exciting as a drive down a windy road, head hanging out the window and tongue flying in the air. For others, the car signifies a scary experience, largely associated with a visit to the groomer or the vet's office. If you plan to take your friend on a road trip, there are some ways to ensure it's as cozy and calm as possible.

Regularly Introduce Them to the Car

With puppies, the more you expose them to different aspects of your lifestyle, the more comfortable they will be as they grow. Mary R. Burch, PhD , certified applied animal behaviorist and family dog director at the American Kennel Club, suggests introducing your dog to the car as early as possible before your journey. Here's how:

• Put the dog in the backseat for a few minutes, close the door, and stand outside.
• Once the dog appears quiet and calm, give it a treat and let it out of the car.
• Put it back in the car, and get into the driver's seat, all while giving praise.
• Start the engine, and wait a few minutes.
• Stop, and get everyone out of the car.

Once your dog gets comfortable with this process, you can begin to take short trips in the car, driving down the street or to a park. Make sure to reward its good behavior with treats and a positive attitude.

Make Sure Your Pet Is Constrained

While in a dream world, your faithful companion would remain snuggled in your lap every mile of the way, it's not safe for you, other passengers, or your pet. Instead, Dr. Werber says your pet must be properly restrained while in a moving vehicle. This could be with a harness that attaches to a seat belt or an enclosed carrier. The crate your pet sleeps in is also a great option because it's familiar and comforting.

One way to make this more comfortable for your pet: Bring its favorite toys or chew sticks from home.

Map Out Pit Stops

Before packing up the car and hitting the road, travel expert Josh Viner likes to map out the drive so he can be aware of construction zones or heavy traffic and make sure his dog, Frankie, will have access to pit stops along the way. Every few hours, he says it's beneficial to let your dog stretch its legs, use the restroom outside, or run some laps to get out the nervous energy.

Products to Make Car Rides Easier

Harry Barker Kennel Club Food Storage Bag

This modern and sturdy food storage bag provides easy access to kibble, all while locking in freshness and preventing moisture from getting in.

K&H Pet Products Travel Safety Pet Carrier

This spacious carrier comes in three sizes and allows your pet to walk or roam around while still remaining safely enclosed.

mumi Reusable Zip Up Food Storage Bags

Fill this washable, reusable bag up with plenty of treats so you can give your pet a pick-me-up when it needs it.

Tips for Traveling by Train

For the most part, your pet will need to be in a carry bag to be permitted onto a train. There are exceptions for service animals, but you should be prepared for your dog or cat to remain in an enclosed space for a lengthy period.

Make the Carrier a Happy Place

Your main job will be getting your pet comfortable in a carrier, Dr. Burch says. This work begins at home, long before the departure day on your ticket. She recommends using a well-ventilated carrier with both a top and a side opening so they can practice getting in and out of it. She suggests starting by letting the dog or cat smell the carrier before luring it closer with treats. Slowly, start to place your pet in the carrier, and reward it with treats while it's inside.

"When they are comfortable with this, pick up the carrier and walk a few steps, then set them down and let them out," she continues. "Work up to being able to walk around the house with your dog in the carrier and the top and side openings closed. Then go outside and eventually into the car to ride short distances before working up to the train ride."

Visit the Train Station

If you've been to a train station before, then you know firsthand that all the horns, voices, and action can be overwhelming. It can be even more overwhelming — and downright terrifying — for an animal. Visit the train station with your pet in tow prior to your trip. Dr. Burch suggests getting it used to the routine of walking down the steps to the train, walking along the platform, and going home.

Figure Out Breaks

In some cases, understand there may not be an opportunity for your pet to relieve itself on a train ride. Viner suggests talking to the staff to understand which stops will be the best options for your dog to get outside and take a relief break. Usually, these are stops at major cities, which pause for longer than those in suburban or rural areas.

Products to Make Train Rides Easier

K9 Sport Sack Air Plus 2

If you're traveling alone and you need to go to the restroom, you may not want to lug your pet's large carrier into such a confined space. Instead, put your furry friend in a backpack dog carrier that allows you to do your business while knowing it's safe, such as this one. Plus, this backpack is great for hikes and bike rides, too.

Tips for Traveling by Plane

First things first: All airlines have different restrictions when it comes to pet travel. Check the pet policy before booking your ticket so you understand the size restrictions for under-the-seat transportation and for cargo. Knowing exactly where your pet will go on a plane could save you a lot of headache and heartache at check-in. If you are keeping your pet with you on the flight, these tips can help.

If it must be kept under the plane, check with your vet about the right measures to take for your companion.

Practice Long Sleeps in the Carrier

Whether you have a larger dog that will be in cargo or a small dog that will ride in the cabin, you'll need to teach your dog to tolerate and sleep in a crate or carrier for several hours, Dr. Burch says. Because you likely don't have access to a plane to practice the sensation, you can recreate some of the experience. She recommends bringing your pet to an outdoor restaurant and letting it nod off in the carrier throughout the meal. Or, have it stay with you at home in a carrier. The goal is to work up to a few hours, so it's not a new endeavor on the plane.

For an additional layer of exposure, try to mimic wind sounds with a sound machine or a loud fan so that it won't be as nervous for takeoff, says Kait Hembree, VTS, CVT, KPA, CTP, the head of training at GoodPup .

Pack Appropriately

Without the opportunity for breaks miles high in the air, Viner says pet parents need to make sure their pet's carrier is stocked with all of the necessities. This includes water, non-squeaking toys (so fellow passengers aren't annoyed), and many treats to help it feel at ease. But most of all — you!

"If your pet is stowed at your feet and becoming anxious, you can unzip their carrier every so often to offer physical comfort or slip in a few more snacks," he adds.

Check in Late

Although you shouldn't risk missing your flight, now is not the time to arrive far earlier than you need to at the airport. Instead, Hembree says it's crucial for owners to give their pets as much time out of the crate as possible before the flight. This makes it so they don't have to wait as long to relieve themselves. Also, she says to consider adding an absorbent material, like pine shavings, in your crate when flying so that accidents are quickly absorbed. Plus, pine shavings will help your pet maintain better heat when the temperature drops due to the aircraft's elevation.

Products to Make Flying With a Pet Easier

Sherpa Element Gray Dog Carrier

Soft and flexible, this carrier is compliant for most aircrafts and fits comfortably under the seat. The removable pad is also machine washable, so you can clean up easily post-trip.

Arcadia Trail™ Collapsible Double Diner Travel Bowls

Keep one of these inside the carrier so your nervous pup can stay hydrated during the flight. Just like it's taxing for us, it's the same for our dogs, and having access to water is essential.

Smart Pet Love Snuggle Puppy Behavioral Aid Dog Toy

Comfort toys, like this cute one that looks like a pup, are great to have in stressful experiences. They provide a heartbeat sound, which can help your pet relax as it cuddles up to it.

Tips for Staying at a Hotel or Vacation Rental With Your Pet

Before you hit confirm on an Airbnb or a hotel, read its pet policies. Some are completely friendly to animals while others have size limitations, charge additional fees, or outlaw furry companions completely. You never want to risk sneaking in your pet for fear of fines or being kicked out of the property altogether. Once you find one that welcomes you and your animal, follow these tips to keep them happy.

Keep Their Routine Consistent

If you're on vacation, you probably want to sleep in, rest up, and soak up the sun or hit the slopes. Your pup, on the other hand, thrives on routine. So, Dr. Werber says it's helpful to stick to the usual feeding and walking schedule as much as you can. If you have room, bring along your pet's most prized belongings, including toys, bedding, and bowls.

Prioritize a Pet-friendly Hotel

Pets are like children; rather than thinking about what you need out of a hotel or rental property, think of their needs. Pet-friendly spots are more likely to have everything you need for your doggo, including in-room water bowls or dog beds. It may not seem like a big deal, but these places will also smell like other pets, which is good news for Fido.

Viner also suggests opting for a booking that provides access to a green space or a beachfront, so pets can easily get the exercise they need.

Leave the Television on When You're Gone

If you are going to leave the dog in your hotel room, Dr. Burch recommends leaving the television on and giving the dog something to do in the crate, like a toy stuffed with a treat. And consider your trip's purpose, too. "If you are going to be gone all day and evening while your dog is in a hotel room alone for 12 or 14 hours, your dog might be more comfortable at home with a pet sitter," she adds.

Products to Bring to Your Hotel or Rental

Best Friends by Sheri The Original Calming Bed

Easy to pack for a trip, this calming dog bed is ideal for a hotel stay. It's super soft, comes complete with a blanket, and will help any place feel warmer and happier for your pet.

Travel safely with your pet

Tips to keep your pet safe while transporting them by car, airplane, ship or train

When making travel decisions, choose what is safest and most comfortable for your pet. For instance, unless you'll be able to spend a lot of time with your dog, they'll probably be happier at home than tagging along on your trip. As a rule, cats are almost always better off in their own home. But if you have decided it's best to bring your pet along, follow our tips for a safe and low-stress trip!

Do you know the best place for your dog or cat in your car?

Dogs shouldn't roam in the car

The safest way for your dog to travel in the car is in a crate that has been anchored to the vehicle using a seat belt or other secure means. Dog restraints or seat belts are useful for preventing your dog from roaming around the car and being a distraction to the driver, but they haven't been reliably shown to protect dogs during a crash.

Cats belong in carriers

Most cats aren't comfortable traveling in cars, so for their safety as well as yours, keep them in a carrier. It's important to restrain these carriers in the car so that they don't bounce around and hurt your cat. Do this by securing a seat belt around the front of the carrier.

Leave the front seat for humans

Keep your pet in the back seat of the car. If an airbag deploys while your pet is in the passenger seat (even in a crate), it might injure your pet.

Keep those heads inside

Dogs and cats should always be kept safely inside the car. Pets who are allowed to stick their heads out the window of moving vehicles can be injured by particles of debris or made sick by having cold air forced into their lungs. Never transport a pet in the back of an open pickup truck.

Give your pet plenty of rest stops

Stop frequently to allow your pet to exercise and eliminate, but never permit your pet to leave the car without a collar , ID tag and leash.

Bring along a human buddy

Whenever possible, share the driving and pet caretaking duties with a friend or family member. You'll be able to get food or use the facilities at rest stops knowing that someone you trust is keeping a close eye on your pets.

Don't ever leave your pet alone in a car

A quick pit stop may feel like no time at all to you, but it's too long to leave your pet alone in a car. Heat is a serious hazard: when it's 72 degrees Fahrenheit outside, the temperature inside your car can heat up to 116 degrees within an hour. On an 85-degree day, even with the windows slightly open, the temperature inside your car can reach 102 degrees in just 10 minutes. Even if you’re certain of your timing, you can get held up — in just 30 minutes, you could return to a 120 degree car and a pet suffering irreversible organ damage or death.

If you see a pet left inside a hot car,  take these steps to help them.

Spread the word about the dangers of leaving pets in a hot car by printing our Hot Car flyer [PDF] , posting it in public places and sharing it with your friends, family and coworkers.

Another hazard of leaving your pet in the car alone is the possibility of someone stealing your pet while you are away from the vehicle.

Use our checklist to assemble an emergency kit for yourself and all your pets. During disasters, creating an emergency plan can be a lifesaver.

By airplane

Before booking a flight for your pup, you’ll want to think through all your options.

Air travel can be risky for pets

We recommend that you weigh all the risks when deciding whether to transport your pet by airplane. Air travel can be particularly dangerous for animals with "pushed in" faces (the medical term is "brachycephalic"), such as bulldogs, pugs and Persian cats. Their short nasal passages leave them especially vulnerable to oxygen deprivation and heat stroke.

Consider all the alternatives to flying

If you plan to bring your pet on vacation, driving is usually a better option. If you can't travel by car, your pet will probably be healthier and happier if you leave them behind under the care of a pet-sitter or boarding kennel. But there are times when that won’t be possible and you’ll have to determine whether the benefits of flying outweigh the risks.

Visit your vet

Most airlines require a health certificate for animals, typically issued within 10 days of travel. This is also a good time to ensure your pet’s vaccinations are up to date and that they aren’t battling any illnesses that could be exacerbated by heat or stress.

Research your destination

If you’re flying internationally, or even to Hawai'i, your pets may need to be quarantined upon arrival. They may also require import forms. Familiarize yourself with the requirements, where they’ll be quarantined and for how long.

If you decide to fly with your pet, choose the cabin when possible

If transporting your pet by air is the only option, find out whether they can travel in the cabin with you. Most airlines will allow you to take a cat or small dog in the cabin for an additional fee. But you must call the airline well in advance; there are limits to the number of animals allowed in the cabin. If you are transporting your dog, make sure they meet the size requirements. If you get overwhelmed by all the regulations, there are companies that can help you navigate through the process of flying with a pet.

Ask these questions if your pet is flying in the cabin

When you contact the airline, be sure to get clear answers to these questions:

• Will the airline allow you to take your cat or small dog in the cabin with you?
• Does the airline have any special pet health and immunization requirements?
• Does the airline require a specific type of carrier? Most airlines will accept either hard-sided carriers or soft-sided carriers (which may be more comfortable for your pet), but only certain brands of soft-sided carriers are acceptable to certain airlines.
• If you can't take your pet in the cabin, does the airline have any restrictions on transporting your pet in the cargo hold?

Take precautions when bringing your pet through airport security

Your pet's carrier will have to pass through the security screening along with you. You have two options: Either be sure your pet is securely harnessed so you can safely contain them outside their carrier while it's being x-rayed, or request a special secondary screening that won't require you to take them out of their carrier.

Be aware of the dangers of flying your pet in a cargo hold

While most animals flown in the cargo area of airplanes are fine, you should be aware that some animals are killed, injured or lost on commercial flights each year. Excessively hot or cold temperatures, poor ventilation and rough handling are often to blame.

Most U.S. airlines are required to report all companion animal incidents that occur in the cargo hold, and consumers should study the performance record of any airline before choosing to fly your pet in a cargo hold.

Follow these tips if your pet must fly in the cargo hold

If your pet must travel in the cargo hold, you can increase the chances of a safe flight for your pet by following these tips.

• Use direct flights. You will avoid the mistakes that occur during airline transfers and possible delays in getting your pet off the plane.
• Travel on the same flight as your pet when possible. Ask the airline if you can watch your pet being loaded into the cargo hold and unloaded.
• When you board the plane, notify the captain and at least one flight attendant that your pet is traveling in the cargo hold. If the captain knows that pets are on board, they may take special precautions.
• Don't ever ship brachycephalic animals such as Pekingese dogs, bulldogs or Persian cats in the cargo holds .
• If traveling during the summer or winter months, choose flights that will accommodate the temperature extremes . Early morning or late evening flights are better in the summer; afternoon flights are better in the winter.
• Fit your pet with a collar that can't get caught in carrier doors. Affix two pieces of identification on the collar: a permanent ID with your name and home address and telephone number, and a temporary travel ID with the address and telephone number where you or a contact person can be reached. Make sure your pet’s microchip information is up to date.
• Affix a travel label to the carrier on which you've written your name, permanent address and telephone number, final destination and where you or a contact person can be reached as soon as the flight arrives.
• Make sure that your pet's nails have been clipped to protect against them getting hooked in the carrier's door, holes and other crevices.
• Give your pet at least a month before your flight to become familiar with the travel carrier . This will minimize their stress during travel.
• Do not give your pet tranquilizers unless they are prescribed by your veterinarian. Make sure your veterinarian understands that the prescription is for air travel.
• Do not feed your pet for four to six hours before the trip. However, you can give them small amounts of water. If possible, put ice cubes in the water tray attached to the inside of your pet's crate or kennel. (A full water bowl will only spill and cause discomfort.)
• Try not to fly with your pet during busy travel times such as holidays and the summer . Your pet is more likely to undergo rough handling during hectic travel periods.
• Carry a current photograph of your pet . If your pet is lost during the trip, a photograph will make it much easier for airline employees to search effectively.
• When you arrive at your destination, open the carrier as soon as you are in a safe place and examine your pet. If anything seems wrong, take your pet to a veterinarian immediately. Get the results of the examination in writing, including the date and time.

Speak up if you see something

Don't hesitate to complain if you witness the mishandling of an animal—either yours or someone else's—at any airport. Ask to speak with the manager of the section where the incident occurred and report mishandling both in person and in writing.

With the exception of assistance dogs, pets are welcome on only a few cruise lines—and usually on ocean crossings only. Some lines permit pets in private cabins, but most confine pets to kennels. Contact your cruise line in advance to find out its policies and which of its ships have kennel facilities. If you must use the ship's kennel, make sure it is protected from the elements and check on your pet frequently.

Amtrak now allows some pets on select trains and service animals are allowed on all lines. Some smaller U.S. railroad companies may permit animals on board. Many trains in European countries allow pets. Generally, it's the passengers' responsibility to feed and exercise their pets at station stops.

How to Travel Safely With Pets

By Rachel Rabkin Peachman

All products featured on Condé Nast Traveler are independently selected by our editors. However, when you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission.

Pet travel has earned some very bad publicity of late. In March, a United Airlines flight attendant forced a dog to spend its entire flight in an overhead bin, where it suffocated to death. The next day, two dogs traveling in cargo—also on United—were mixed up and flown to the wrong continents. Capping off the week, Delta sent an eight-week-old puppy to Vegas instead of Boise. Sensing a systemic problem (or at least the public perception of one), United suspended its widely used PetSafe program to conduct a thorough review.

The introspection is welcome, especially since it resulted in a revised set of policies that’ll go into effect when the program resumes next month. But as we’ve reported , the risks of pet travel are real. According to the Department of Transportation (which, it’s worth noting, only includes data on traveler-owned pets and dogs and cats flown by commercial breeders, meaning research animals and those falling into other categories are excluded from the report), 24 animals were killed and 15 were injured while traveling in cargo in 2017. Most were on United flights.

For many pet owners, the risks outweigh the benefits. But some travelers have no choice. And still others have found happy ways to bring their pets along by car, train, and plane. In fact, the percentage of dog owners taking their pets on trips more than doubled between 2006 and 2016, from 20 percent to 40 percent, according to a survey by the American Pet Products Association. And the news isn’t all bad. There are more pet travel options now than ever before. With the right preparation, your furry family member can tag along safely and happily. Here’s our advice on how to do it.

The Basics of Pet Travel

• Make sure your pet’s up for the trip “The first thing you want to ask yourself is, ‘Are you sure your pet really wants to go?’” says Patricia B. McConnell, PhD, a certified applied animal behaviorist and author of The Education of Will . “I’ve seen people who believed their dog would be fine or they wanted their cat to go with them, but the animal was terrified of strangers or a wreck in noisy places. So think about your pet’s personality and remember that traveling will involve exposure to new people and changing environments.” Also, consult with your vet if you have any doubt as to whether or not your pet is healthy enough to handle the adventure.
• Book in advance. And confirm! Book your hotel or rental property early—and call to confirm you can get a pet-friendly room. “A lot of times hotels will only have a certain number of rooms available for pet use,” says Amy Burkert, co-founder of GoPetFriendly.com. Airlines and trains also have a set capacity for pets on each trip, so reserve ahead of time to be sure there’s a spot for your animal.
• Get a (space-age) pet ID. “Your animal should always travel with tags that carry his name and your cell number. And ideally, your dog or cat should have a microchip,” says Dr. McConnell. Yes: a microchip . They’re about the size of a grain of rice, they’re programmed with a unique ID number, and they’re easily injected beneath your pet’s skin. If he gets lost, a simple scan can identify you as his owner. This isn’t just about keeping your tech edge—a 2009 study showed that microchipped dogs are more than twice as likely to be reunited with their owners as non-microchipped dogs, and microchipped cats are more than 20 times as likely to be returned home. Just be sure to keep your contact information current with the microchip registry database.
• Get an approved pet carrier. Make sure the airline or railway has officially sanctioned your carrier by checking the requirements on the website. Then label the carrier with your pet’s name as well as your name and contact info. Mark it clearly and prominently with the words “Live Animal,” so nobody can mistake it for regular luggage.
• Acclimate your pet to the carrier. As soon as you’ve got your carrier, start enticing your dog or cat to use it. “A lot of the hard carriers come in two pieces, so I recommend setting out just the bottom piece and placing your pet’s bedding—and even treats—in there to make your pet feel comfortable with it,” says Susan Smith, president and CEO of PetTravel.com. “Then put the top on and leave the door open at home. We have owners whose pets would prefer to sleep in the crate than the bed.”
• Bring medical records. Gather health records, medication information, and proof of vaccinations from your vet—and carry them with you. Rules vary by airline and country, so check for any “ pet passport ” requirements (more below) long before it’s time to leave. You might even need your pet’s medical documents when driving across state lines, or to make an emergency visit to the vet. “I’ve scanned my dogs’ entire medical records to a USB drive and I keep that with us all the time on the road,” says Burkert. It’s also wise to attach your dog’s rabies tag to her collar (which proves vaccination), and to treat your pet with preventive flea and tick medication before you go.
• Get the right gear. Invest in collapsible water bowls, waste bags, a safety harness, and a leash. Don’t forget comfort items like a dog bed and toys. “Bring things that feel like home because even for a dog who is used to traveling, the first days of a trip can be unnerving,” says Dr. McConnell. “Always travel with bedding that the animal has slept on or with one of your t-shirts placed in the crate because it smells like home and like you, which is calming to your pet.” The pet bed or crate can then serve as a cozy sleeping spot once you’re at your destination.
• Stay on schedule. Try to feed your animal at the same times of day as you would at home. “Dogs get some of their security from staying on their routine,” says Burkert. Don’t overfeed before a long journey; a light meal a few hours before leaving can help avoid nausea during the trip.
• Avoid adventurous eating. Bring your pet’s food from home, and stick to bottled water—changes in diet can cause GI upset in pets just as they can in owners.
• Mark your territory. Once you’re at your destination, stick with your pet for a while to help get her settled. “If we’re staying in a new rental property, we don’t leave the dogs alone until we’ve been there for 24 hours,” says Burkert. “If we’ve unpacked and slept there, the dogs get a feel that this is home and we’re coming back.” When you do head out without her, consider using an X-pen or baby gate to keep her confined to a safe area. Or use the crate if that’s where she feels safe and comfortable.

37 percent of dog owners bring their pets on road trips.

Road Tripping with Pets

Driving, it turns out, is the most popular way to travel with pets, especially dogs. A full 37 percent of dog owners do it, including GoPetFriendly.com co-founder Burkert, who’s been traveling the country in an RV with her husband (aka her co-founder) and their two dogs for more than eight years. It makes sense: you can go at your own pace; you can pack as many supplies as you need; and best of all, you get to stay with your pet throughout the trip. "I get more joy doing things with my pets than I would without them," Burkert says. “There are amazing things you can do when you travel together.”

And it’s getting easier to find those things. A slew of new websites—Burkert’s GoPetFriendly.com, PetTravel.com, BringFido.com, and others—can connect you with all aspects of the pet-friendly travel experience: hotels, restaurants, beaches, stores, campgrounds, off-leash parks, and even wineries, not to mention local veterinarians. The ready-made destination guides on GoPetFriendly.com are a great place to start. They’ve even got a Road Trip Planner tool that will generate a map of your route, complete with pet-related services along the way. BringFido.com has reviews of 25,000 pet-friendly hotels and rentals, as well as a searchable activity planner for each destination (like “Dog Friendly Paris”) and a convenient reservation search engine and booking platform. PetTravel.com has information on every aspect of pet travel, including international import and quarantine policies, local services, and over 35,000 pet-friendly hotels.

Follow these rules of the road:

• Buckle up. You buckle yourself and your children into the car; a pet should be no different. “Animals should be restrained with a harness or a carrier that is secured to the vehicle for your pet’s safety and for your safety,” says Lindsey A. Wolko, founder of Center for Pet Safety (CPS), a nonprofit that crash tests and certifies pet harnesses, carriers, and travel crates. “An unharnessed pet can be a driving distraction, and during a crash can become a projectile that hits human occupants.” It’s not only smart, in several states it’s also the law: in New Jersey it’s illegal to take your pet in the car without using a safety restraint; in certain states laws prohibit drivers from placing an animal in the bed of a truck without a proper restraint; and in many states drivers can be charged with distracted driving if pets are seated on the driver’s lap, or with their heads out the window, or in any way that blocks the driver’s vision. Check the the laws per state here before you hit the road. Also, choose a CPS-certified restraint that’s sized for your pet—and position it in the backseat of your car because animals, like small children, can be injured by front-seat airbags.
• Take pit stops. This one might go without saying, but it’s worth reminding yourself to stop every few hours to let your pet stretch his legs and relieve himself. “Give your dog time to sniff new sniffs,” says Smith. “And always keep him on leash because dogs may try to bolt in unfamiliar environments.”
• Don’t leave your pet alone in a car. “Any animal is at risk of overheating if left in a locked car on a summer day; unfortunately we see this in the clinic frequently,” says Diana Fellen, DVM, a veterinarian at Westfield Veterinary Group in New Jersey. On hot days, the temperature inside a car can reach over 100 degrees in 10 to 15 minutes, even with the windows ajar. That can be deadly . But it isn’t just a problem on hot days. On mild days—low 60’s, say—the temperature inside a closed car can surpass 100 degrees in an hour. On cold days the risk is reversed but equally dangerous, with temps in parked cars dipping below freezing. Partially opened windows also raise the possibility that pets might try to jump out, or that passersby will try to stick their hands in, which can scare animals and provoke them to bite. If you’re driving solo and you absolutely, positively *must *use a restroom, Burket suggests locking your dog in the car with a bowl of water and setting a five-minute timer so you’re reminded to get back as fast as possible.

Pets on Trains

Trains can be a great way to travel with pets, especially when they’re small. For the past few years, dogs and cats weighing up to 20 pounds have been allowed on most Amtrak routes of seven hours or less. The cost is just $25 per animal, but you’ll want to reserve early: there’s a maximum of five animals allowed per train, not including service animals . There are also a few rules:

Steph Koyfman

Shannon McMahon

Charlie Hobbs

• Pets must ride beneath seats in approved, labeled pet carriers. The maximum size for carriers is 19" long, 14" wide, and 10.5" high—and your pet must be able to sit and lie down inside it without touching the sides.
• Pets have to be at least 8 weeks old, healthy, and harmless.
• Owners are required to sign a document certifying that their pets’ vaccinations are current, and accepting liability for their pet’s well being.

It’s a good idea to give your pet a long walk to tire her out before settling into her carrier. Then, once you’re aboard, be nice to her. Check on her frequently to make sure she has water; talk to her gently to remind her you’re nearby. “Just be sure to use a low, soothing voice when talking to your pet,” says Dr. McConnell. “Our voices can create calm or anxiety, so sing a lullaby to your best friend instead of a grunge rock song and it really might help keep her relaxed.”

Pets on Planes

The safest place for your pet is with you in the plane’s cabin. Typically, though, animals have to be under 15 pounds to ride there, and they have to fit into a carrier that’s small enough to stay beneath the seat throughout the flight. Check the airline’s policies to be sure your carrier is approved. What’s more, your pet must have enough room inside the carrier to be able to stand and turn around—which means in-cabin travel is only an option for small animals like cats, small-breed dogs, and rabbits. Domestic flights require pets to be at least 8 weeks old in order to fly, and you’ll need to bring a recent health certificate and immunization records from a vet. Fees run around $125 per pet each way. Note that the guidelines for flying with emotional support animals or service animals are different, so it’s best to confirm the airline’s policies well before your travel date. (Editors' note: the DOT enacted a rule in December 2020 that allows airlines to ban emotional support animals and place limitations on service animals.)

If you’re traveling internationally, regulations and fees will vary according to the airline and the laws in your final destination. Most countries require you to have a pet health certificate from a vet who’s been accredited by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The USDA’s Animal Health Inspection Service lets you check your pet’s eligibility as well as entry and exit requirements for many countries, and PetTravel.com shows you pet policies by airline. If you can, book a window seat. “It’ll keep your pet away from the action in the aisle,” says Smith.

Of course, many pets are too big to fly in the cabin. So unless you’ve got both the time and the money to spend on a pet-friendly cruise aboard the Queen Mary 2, your pet will have to fly in cargo. In that case, follow these tips to help keep your pet safe:

• Travel when the weather’s milder, ideally in fall or spring when it’s less likely your pet will encounter extremes of heat or cold during the flight.
• As with other kinds of travel, use the right carrier —one that’s sturdy and IATA approved. Here, too, the crate needs to be roomy enough to let your pet stand up and turn around, and should to be labeled with "Live Animal" stickers, your contact information, and your pet’s name. Smith also recommends attaching a photo of your pet to the crate to avoid animal mixups. Use removable zip ties to close the crate securely; the last thing you want is for your pet to break free and get into the cargo hold, where the risk of injury is significant.
• Freeze a small bowl of water and place it inside the crate. The ice won’t spill during loading, but it’ll be drinkable as it defrosts during the flight. If you’ve got a layover and someone else will need to feed your pet enroute, put the pet food in a plastic bag and secure it to the outside of the crate along with feeding instructions—and attach an empty food bowl inside the crate. If you need pet crate travel accessories, you can find them here .
• Similar to train travel, don’t overfeed your pet before flying . Give your animal a light meal several hours before take off to avoid nausea during the flight. And if you can, walk your dog before the journey to help him expend some energy pre-boarding.
• Don’t sedate your pet. “Sedatives during air travel can increase the risk of heart or respiratory issues potentially caused by changing altitudes and atmospheric pressures,” says Kurt Venator, DVM, PhD, Purina’s chief veterinary officer. “Sedatives may also interfere with your pet’s balance or equilibrium while being transported in a carrier or crate.”
• When you board, tell the flight attendants and pilots that your pet is in cargo so they can be extra mindful of the temperature and air pressure there.
• Don’t be shy; advocate for your pet. Ask airline staff about her status as soon as you land.

If all this leaves you feeling like it really ought to be easier, you’re not alone. Which is why we’re curious about a startup called The New Pet Airways . Instead of wedging pets under seats in a main cabin, or stowing them in cargo, New Pet Airways plans to go ahead and give them the whole plane. Cabins would be specially configured for crates (even larger ones), and an on-board attendant would supervise the "pawsengers" (hey, work in progress here) throughout the flight. Founders Alysa Binder and Dan Wiesel aren’t new to the game; an earlier version of their pets-only airline ran (as Pet Airways) from 2009 to 2011. “We flew over 9,000 pets of all kinds when we were in operation, and our goal is to make sure pets fly safely and in a comfortable environment again,” says Binder. They’re currently in fundraising. Our fingers are crossed.

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Traveling With Pets: Tips for a Pet-Friendly Vacation

• Pet-Friendly Housing and Finances

Are you thinking of traveling with pets? Whatever way you travel, you'll need to plan ahead for a successful pet-friendly vacation. The following are some tips for driving and flying with dogs and cats — plus a pet first-aid kit to pack for your trip.

What is the best way to travel with pets?

A road trip with your cat, flying with your dog — the best way to travel with pets comes down to the individual needs of you and your animal. For instance, some pets are comfortable with long road trips while others get carsick. And some might find travel too stressful altogether and would do best being left at home with a pet sitter. Many cats, for instance, often prefer to stay home in a familiar environment. So your ultimate decision about traveling with pets might vary depending on such factors as the mode of travel, your destination, and how long you'll be gone. 

Consulting your veterinarian can be helpful when planning a pet-friendly vacation. Some pets don't do well with certain types of travel because of illness, age, injury, or temperament. If this is the case, discuss options with your vet.

If you'll be staying with family or friends during the trip, find out in advance whether your pet is welcome in their home. Likewise, if you'll be staying in a hotel, motel, park, or campground, make sure pets are allowed or kennel facilities are available. Also, check on weight or breed restrictions. Be sure to make a reservation, as many hotels have a limited number of pet-friendly rooms.

Some additional pet travel tips:

• Ensure that your pet is properly identified with a current tag and/or a microchip. In addition to the standard ID tag, your pet's collar should include a special travel tag with information on where you are staying while away from home.
• Carry a current photo of your pet with you to help with identification in case your pet becomes lost.
• Make sure you have proof of rabies vaccination and a current health certificate if you will be crossing state or international borders.
• If you will need to leave your pet alone in the homes of friends or relatives who are not comfortable with your pet being loose when no one is home, make sure your pet is comfortable spending time in a crate and bring the crate on your trip.
• Some exercise, both physical and mental, before you head out on your trip will help your furry friend be more relaxed. There are also many products on the market, such as wraps, sprays, and balms, that can aid in calming your animal.

Road trips with a dog or cat

If your pet is not accustomed to traveling by car and only rarely rides in the car, such as when going to the veterinarian, you can familiarize them with a vehicle by opening the door and letting them sit inside without the car moving. Feed your pet tasty treats to make it an enjoyable experience. Once they're comfortable with being in the car, start going on short outings and then gradually increase the length of the trips.

How to Relieve Dog Car Anxiety and Fear of Car Rides

For your pet-friendly vacation, determine where your pet will ride during the trip. Harnesses, tethers, carriers, and other accessories to secure pets during car travel are highly recommended and are available at most pet stores. If your pet isn't used to being in a crate or carrier, work on crate training first before asking them to ride in the crate in a car for extended periods of time. 

Dogs shouldn't ride in the passenger seat if it's equipped with an airbag and should never be allowed to sit on the driver's lap. Dogs also shouldn't ride with their head outside the car window because pieces of dirt or other debris can get in their eyes, ears, and nose, causing injury or infection. If your dog will be riding in a truck bed, they should be confined in a protective kennel that is properly secured.

Cats should always be confined to a cage or a cat carrier while in a car to make sure they feel secure and protected — and to prevent them from ending up under your feet or in your lap while you are driving. The cat carrier should be secured by a seatbelt.

While on a road trip, try to keep your pet on their regular feeding schedule. Feeding dry food is most convenient, assuming that is already part of your pet’s normal feeding routine. If you use canned food, throw away any unused or uneaten food unless it can be refrigerated. Also, keep a jug of cold water in the vehicle for your pet in case other reliable water sources are not available.

Make sure you have a leash with you for your dog (or cat who knows how to walk on a leash), and plan to stop every couple of hours for exercise and potty breaks. There are many websites and apps that can help you find pet-friendly places to stop. And always remember that a pet should never be left unattended in a car during hot weather, even for short periods of time.

Flying with a dog or cat

Before flying with a dog or cat, consider getting your pet checked by your veterinarian to determine whether they're well enough to handle air travel. Old, sick, or flat-faced dogs and cats (who can be prone to respiratory issues) might have more discomfort on an airplane.

Each airline has its own set of rules for pet air travel, so check the airline’s website or call for information and make arrangements well in advance of your trip. When flying in the cargo area, animals must be in an airline-approved crate. Many airlines allow small dogs and cats to ride under the seat in the cabin in an approved carrier.

Airlines often also have pet air travel rules and regulations regarding:

• Breeds and sizes of dogs allowed
• Number of pets allowed on each flight
• Pets allowed in the main cabin
• Pet health certificates (most airlines require that certificates be issued within 10 days of the departure date)
• Proof of pets’ vaccinations
• Checked kennel charges

Whether your pet travels in the cabin with you or in the baggage compartment, they should be completely comfortable with the kennel or carrier that they'll be traveling in. Trying to escape from a kennel is one of the most common causes of injury to pets traveling by air.

To help reduce the stress on you and your pet, choose the most direct flight to your destination. And it’s a good idea to confirm your flights the day before travel to ensure that there have been no unexpected changes.

Get to the airport early, exercise your pet, personally place them in the crate, and pick up the animal promptly upon arrival at your destination if you have to check your pet as baggage. When boarding the plane, let the flight attendant know that your pet is in the baggage compartment.

Ask your veterinarian for advice on feeding your pet prior to air travel. Air travel for a pet on an almost empty stomach is usually recommended. The age and size of your pet, the time and length of your flight, and your pet’s regular dietary routine will be considered when feeding recommendations are made. Tranquilizers are generally not recommended because of the increased risk of heart or respiratory problems.

Pet first-aid travel kit for travel

Make sure you have a pet first-aid kit in case of emergency or unexpected illness or injury while traveling. Consider including the following items in the kit:

• Pet first-aid book
• Emergency contact list (including phone numbers for your veterinarian, an emergency vet clinic, and a national poison control hotline)
• Your pet’s prescription medications
• Self-adherent wrap
• Sterile gauze pads (in various sizes)
• ABD (abdominal) pads
• Elastic bandage wraps
• Antiseptic pads or alcohol wipes
• Antibacterial cream or ointment
• Instant cold packs
• Emergency blanket
• Blunt scissors
• Exam gloves
• Styptic blood-clotting powder
• Sterile saline syringes (10 ml)
• Cotton balls and swabs
• Hydrogen peroxide (3%)
• Headlamp or flashlight
• Collapsible water bowl
• Basket muzzle (a dog in pain might attempt to bite)
• Sling for carrying medium or large dogs

In addition to the first-aid kit, don’t forget to pack your pet’s favorite foods, toys, and dishes to make them feel “at home” away from home. An extra leash or harness, a towel, and baby wipes can also come in handy.

If you have pet insurance , contact the company to find out how to handle emergencies when away from home. Ask your veterinarian whether they can give you the name of a veterinarian at your vacation destination, or contact the local visitor’s bureau or chamber of commerce for information on local veterinarians and emergency veterinary clinics.

Pay special attention to your pet’s behavior while traveling, especially their eating, drinking, and potty habits. Be on the lookout for any unusual discharge from the nose and eyes, excessive scratching or biting of any body part, abnormal elimination, or excessive water consumption. Contact your veterinarian if you are concerned about any physical or behavioral changes.

Tips for Moving With Pets

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How to Take Your Pet Along for the Ride (or Flight)

As travel returns for humans, more of them want to take their animal companions with them on vacation. Here, tips on making that experience a happy one for everyone.

By Julie Weed

When Caroline Perkins, 61, was planning to fly her springer spaniel Calvin from Sacramento to Seattle a few years ago, she asked her veterinarian for something to help him keep calm in the cargo hold. The sedative had “the opposite effect,” she said, and during the flight the dog chewed a hole the size of his head in his hard plastic carrier.

“Since then, we’ve been driving,” said Ms. Perkins.

Millions of American households adopted a pet during the pandemic when they were stuck at home. Now, as many have started to travel again, they want to take their animals with them.

At Vacasa , a vacation-rental management company, reservations that included guests with dogs this summer were up 59 percent over last. “Pet friendly” has become the third most-used search filter by guests looking for rooms on Hilton Hotels’ website and the “pets allowed” search filter is one of the most popular filters on Vrbo , the home rental site, according to those companies.

The hospitality industry is encouraging the trend. According to the website BringFido.com , which focuses on travel with pets, 44 percent of U.S. hotels now allow pets compared with 22 percent before the pandemic, with some newly offering dog beds, bowls, toys, treats and recreation information for nearby parks. Last year, Hilton partnered with Mars Petcare , a company that owns animal hospitals and multiple pet food brands, to offer guests online help with veterinary questions about their cats and dogs while they were staying at its properties. And more airports now have “pet relief stations” to make traveling easier.

“People got very attached to their pets during the pandemic,” said Brian Collins, a veterinarian at the Cornell Riney Canine Health Center , in Ithaca, N.Y. Another reason for bringing an animal along, he said, was that some pets adopted during the pandemic are more prone to separation anxiety because they were rarely left alone, and they didn’t get the chance to be socialized with other people and animals. “Those pets may not do as well in a kennel or with a sitter,” he said.

There are benefits and limitations to traveling with your companion animal. When Heather Beebe, a management consultant from Quebec, and her family travel with their golden retriever mix Mila, “people stop us to pet her and talk to us,” she said. “It’s a way to make connections.” On the other hand, “We can’t leave her alone in a hotel room because she barks and so we always have her with us, which limits the places we can go.”

Dr. Collins said that choosing to take the family pet on vacation means the planning should revolve more around them. “You can’t leave them alone at your campsite if you want to take a hike. You shouldn’t leave them in the hotel room all day while you are out sightseeing.” If your plans involve having to leave an animal alone for a substantial amount of time, it may be better for it to stay home.

But if you’re thinking of bringing your pet with you on vacation, these tips will help make the trip safe and comfortable.

Check the rules

Make sure your pet is allowed in the hotel room, R.V. rental, ship, train or plane. Some travel company websites will specify rules regarding the type of animal, size, age minimum, inoculation status or number of pets allowed. You can also call or email ahead to check.

For instance, Amtrak allows small dogs and cats to travel (in their carriers) for train journeys up to seven hours in coach class. Larger animals are prohibited, except for service dogs. Rental car and R.V. companies generally allow pets, but rules may vary between locations. Bringing a towel to place where the dog will sit can help avoid extra cleaning fees. Cruise ships generally take only service animals aboard. One exception is the Cunard’s trans-Atlantic crossing on the Queen Mary 2 , which offers kennels and a place for dogs to play and exercise. The animals are not allowed in the passenger cabins.

At national parks, pets are generally allowed but each park has its own rules so it’s best to check ahead. Pets are often restricted to developed areas like picnic and camp grounds and must be on a leash.

By law, service dogs are welcome everywhere and do not need to be in carriers.

Know before you fly

Only pets small enough to fit in a ventilated pet carrier that fits under the seat in front of the passenger are allowed in the cabin and only a certain number may be allowed per flight, so make your reservation early. Airline passengers must agree to keep the pet in its carrier under the seat for the entire flight.

While service dogs do not need to be in carriers, emotional support animals are no longer considered to be service animals, so you can’t take an emotional support animal out of its carrier to snuggle.

Each airline has its own rules and prices. For example, United Airlines charges $125 for a dog or cat in its carrier, and it cannot be accompanying a minor. Some airlines count a pet carrier in an airplane cabin as one piece of carry-on luggage.

Some airlines allow animals to be flown in the climate-controlled cargo hold. Rules vary based on airline, type of plane, and even dates and breed. Brachycephalic, or “short-nosed,” dogs such as pugs, may be barred from cargo hold travel because they are more likely to have conditions that compromise their breathing and can worsen with the anxiety of travel. If the temperature is too extreme on the ground, airlines may refuse to fly the pet in the cargo hold.

Adam Katz, 29, of Thurston County, Wa., trains dogs for protection, companionship and obedience. He advises clients not to ship dogs in the cargo hold if possible. “There are so many avenues where something can go wrong,” he said, especially if your dog is anxious at all. “There’s all that loud noise, an unfamiliar place, turbulence, and they’re being handled by different people,” he said, “The experience can create a lot of fear in the dog.”

One option for people whose animal is too big for the airplane cabin, but needs to be moved, are companies like Citizen Shipper , of Tyler, Texas, which matches animals in need of transport with drivers.

Make sure your pet is fit to travel

The American Kennel Club suggests checking with your veterinarian to make sure your pet is up-to-date with its shots and is healthy enough to travel, especially on extended trips. It also suggests keeping the contact information of both your vet and a 24-hour veterinary emergency hospital at your destination handy, in case you need it. Health and inoculation records may be required for flight at check-in, but bring them on car trips as well to aid the vet if they need to treat your animal.

International animal travel rules are stricter and Dr. Collins suggests planning any checkups well in advance so you’re sure to have the paperwork when you get to the airport, “or you might not be able to get on the flight.”

Help your pet feel comfortable in its carrier

Training your pet to be content in its carrier will also reduce the barking, meowing or whimpering you or those around you will have to endure. The container should be big enough for your pet to stand in and turn around. In the weeks or days before your trip, place the carrier in your home and encourage your pet to spend time there for extended periods with praise and treats, said Gayle Martz, the owner of Sherpa , which sells pet carriers. En route, many pets will sleep. If yours is awake, offer a toy that will keep its attention for a while, to make the time go by more quickly for both of you.

Dr. Collins suggests a rigid crate for car rides and a soft carrier for airplane rides so it can fit under a seat but perhaps expand in the terminal.

If possible, skip the sedation and find other ways to reduce your pet’s travel anxiety, like an extra-long walk to tire them out and relax them, said Nelva Bryant, Delta Air Lines’ first-ever staff veterinarian. Medications that cause sedation may worsen underlying health conditions, she said, and owners should talk to their vets about their particular pet’s needs.

If your pet is distressed and whining in its carrier, speak to the animal in a reassuring voice to let it know you are there, said Dr. Bryant, “or give them a toy or calming treat.” The best remedy, though, is prevention, she said. “With proper training, which may take at least six to eight weeks prior to travel, your pet will view the travel crate as their safe haven.”

Make a checklist

The American Veterinary Medical Association suggests packing your pet’s favorite toys, water and food bowls, treats, leash, medication, waste bags, food and any required travel documents. If you are traveling by car, bringing a bed or favorite blanket can make an animal feel more comfortable at its destination and can help avoid stress-induced accidents, noise or destructive behavior.

Withhold the pre-travel meal

If you are worried that stress or motion sickness will upset your pet’s stomach, it’s OK to reduce or skip the last meal before the journey, said Dr. Collins. Keep your animal hydrated, though, with some access to water.

Reflective collars personalized with the pet’s name and your phone number can help reunite you if you get separated. Some owners attach an Apple Airtag to the collar. Microchipping pets is very important, said Dr. Bryant. If they are not chipped and they slip their collar, all your contact information will be gone, she said.

Be car-safe

Use a pet harness that attaches to a seatbelt or a carrier for road trips, including in R. V.s, to keep animals safer in case of accident. “It’s imperative they are fastened and secured so they do not become a projectile,” said Ms. Martz, of Sherpa.

Pets loose in the car can also distract the driver. “When Arwin’s not in her crate, she’s trying to climb into the front seat and we have to keep pushing her back,” said Monika Bromschwig, a third-year veterinary student at Cornell University of her boyfriend’s 1-year-old golden retriever. The couple and the dog drove last spring from Colorado to Wyoming.

Other gear can make the journey easier on all involved. Specially designed pet water bottles have little bowls attached but collapsible water bowls do fine as well, said Dr. Collins. Pet backpacks allow small animals to be carried. Cat harnesses let your cat stretch their legs at a rest stop without running off. “But make sure you’ve used the harness a few times around the house first,” said Dr. Collins, so that you can put it on properly and the cat can get used to it.

Never leave a pet alone in the car, especially when temperatures are severe.

52 Places for a Changed World

The 2022 list highlights places around the globe where travelers can be part of the solution.

Check out lodging before checking in

Some hotels that allow pets charge a fee per animal per night for the extra amenities and cleaning required. Travelers should look closely at the lodging’s rules and notify the property if they will be bringing a dog or cat. While Airbnb has no specific policy around pets, hosts can prohibit pets from their property and if one is brought and additional cleaning is required or damages occur, the guests may be charged an extra fee, according to the company.

Basic etiquette applies — don’t leave your dog alone in the room if you think they will bark incessantly. Don’t bring the dog into an elevator if someone already inside looks fearful.

Examine your lodging closely for any hazards. Ms. Bromschwig’s dog, Arwin, started vomiting during their road trip. “We had to find a vet that was open on the Sunday of Memorial Day weekend in Nebraska to find out what was wrong,” she said. It turned out the golden retriever had found a sock (“not ours,” said Ms. Bromschwig) under the hotel bed and had eaten it.

Be respectful

While more doors are opening to canines and felines, “you have to be sensitive,” said Ms. Perkins, Calvin’s owner. “Even if you think your pet is perfect, the people around you may not be ‘dog people,’” so keep your dog close and on a leash.

Some travelers object to pets on flights and in hotel rooms. Gail Pratt, 59, of Seattle has several family members who are allergic to dogs and cats and they would all “probably start sneezing immediately” if their hotel room had previously been occupied by a pet, she said. “I have to remember to ask the hotel before we arrive,” she said.

Follow New York Times Travel on Instagram , Twitter and Facebook . And sign up for our weekly Travel Dispatch newsletter to receive expert tips on traveling smarter and inspiration for your next vacation. Dreaming up a future getaway or just armchair traveling? Check out our 52 Places for a Changed World for 2022.

An earlier version of this article misspelled the surname of a veterinary student. It is Monika Bromschwig, not Bromschwag.

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Considering a trip, or just some armchair traveling here are some ideas..

52 Places:  Why do we travel? For food, culture, adventure, natural beauty? Our 2024 list has all those elements, and more .

Mumbai:  Spend 36 hours in this fast-changing Indian city  by exploring ancient caves, catching a concert in a former textile mill and feasting on mangoes.

Kyoto:  The Japanese city’s dry gardens offer spots for quiet contemplation  in an increasingly overtouristed destination.

Iceland:  The country markets itself as a destination to see the northern lights. But they can be elusive, as one writer recently found .

Texas:  Canoeing the Rio Grande near Big Bend National Park can be magical. But as the river dries, it’s getting harder to find where a boat will actually float .

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The Ultimate Guide to Traveling With Pets

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When you’re planning a trip, you have dozens of details to worry about. If you add a pet to the mix, those details may begin to feel overwhelming. Whether you’re traveling for pleasure or moving to a new place, that doesn’t mean you have to leave your dog, cat, or small animal behind.

Here are some tips to show you how to keep yourself and your pet calm and comfortable, no matter what distance or mode you travel. This information will help you and your pet navigate every phase of the journey, from planning and packing to boarding and feeding.

Prepare for Your Journey

Pre-travel preparation is one of the most important parts of successfully traveling with or without a pet. By making the right plans, you can save yourself and your pet much discomfort or even trouble. Here are some key things you should do before you set out:

• Rehearse With Your Pet : If your pet has never been on a long journey before, get them ready by taking them on short drives and then increase the time gradually. Be sure to put them in their crate every time, so they get used to it faster. Take a walk around the airline terminal or station to get them familiar with the smells and sounds. Reward your pet for good behavior and talk reassuringly to them.
• Take a Relaxing Walk Before Boarding : It helps to let your pet walk or run around before boarding the plane, bus, boat, or train. See if there are any areas outside of the airport or station for a quick round of exercise. This will help both you and your pet expend excess energy and be more tired during the flight, which will make for a peaceful journey.
• Buy the Right Crate or Carrier : If you’re buying a shipping crate for your pet, be sure it is IATA approved . Any crate or carrier should be large enough for your pet to sit, stand, and turn around in with ease. It should be secure enough not to slip around when the vehicle or plane moves or stops.
• Prepare the Crate for Comfort : Line it with absorbent bedding, like shredded bits of paper or cloth. Before you leave, freeze a small bowl of water, which will melt when your pet gets thirsty and won’t spill during loading time. Close the crate securely but never lock it, so it can be opened for feeding or emergencies. Attach a bag of dry food or seed to the outside of the carrier or crate, so your pet can be fed during a long trip or layover. Last but not least, be sure to attach your pet’s identification to the crate to avoid misplacing them.
• No Crate, No Problem : If you don’t plan to use a crate in the car, be sure your pet rides safely with its head inside the window at all times. Keep pets in the back seat in a harness you can attach directly to the seat belt buckle.

Hot Tip:  Don’t forget to check out our study on the Top 10 Most Pet-Friendly Airports in the U.S. as well as The Best & Worst U.S. Airlines to Fly With Your Pet .

Research the Pet Rules of Your Destination

If you are traveling internationally or even between states, check the requirements of your destination country, city, town, or state. The rules and laws may be different from your state or country of origin. Many countries and states have specific health, vaccination ( for humans as well! ), and quarantine regulations. You can verify these rules by visiting the official embassy website of the country.

More countries are starting to require pets to have a microchip implant, which is an effective way to find your pet if it gets lost or runs away. Ask your pet care specialist about getting one for your dog or cat – they are inexpensive and could save you a lot of heartaches!

Contact A Specialist Pet Relocation Company

Just as a pet owner should go to a vet for specialist veterinary advice, or to a relocation company to move their furniture, pet owners should contact a specialist Pet Relocation Company for all the peculiar requirements for the destination, route, crating, air carriers, transit stops etc. that will be required.  Every country and every carrier is different and the rules are inclined to change at any time.  This Association IPATA has specialist members throughout the world.

Learn About Your Airline’s Pet Policy

Just like different countries have different rules, traveling with pets can vary by airline as well. Make sure you are informed about all requirements and restrictions before flying with a pet in the plane and the terminal , too. Try to book a direct flight so you won’t have to deal with stopovers. Moving your pet from one plane to another could be stressful and increase the chances of losing them.

You’ll also need to make different arrangements for in-cabin pet travel versus cargo pet travel. Sometimes, smaller “pocket pets” are allowed in the cabin, like birds, hamsters, and reptiles. Larger animals like dogs and cats are usually housed in a back area. Ask about the environment they will be in while on the plane to see if you need to provide extra blankets, water, or even a comfort item like their favorite stuffed animal.

Most airlines have specific web pages that describe their policies on pets, as well as how to make in-cabin or cargo arrangements. Here some links to specific pages with airline information about traveling with pets:

• Delta Air Lines : Delta Pet Policy and Other Information
• American Airlines : American Airlines Pet Travel Information and Policies
• United Airlines : United Airlines Travel for Pets Information
• JetBlue Airways : JetPaws Program
• Southwest Airlines : Southwest Pet Policy 
• Spirit Airlines : Spirit Rules for Pets Onboard

Prepare for Other Modes of Travel With Your Pet

Even if you don’t plan to fly, you’ll likely still need to transport your pet via at least 1 mode of transportation. If you have a travel crate or kennel for your pet, that is ideal; especially because they will be in unfamiliar surroundings and may feel threatened or uneasy.

• Cabs, Rideshares, and Taxis : Because there are so many cab companies, you’ll want to ask about their pet policies when you call for a ride or before you get into the car.
• Rental Vehicles : When leasing a vehicle, talk directly to the rental company to find out about their pet policy before the trip. You may need to sign an agreement or pay a small deposit upfront.
• Buses and Trains : Many buses and trains, including Amtrak, allow small cats and dogs on certain routes, so be sure to ask ahead of time before you board.
• Boats : The same goes for boats as for other types of transportation, even the smaller commuter versions. Take time to call them or check the website so you know their pet policy.

Never leave your pet alone inside a vehicle to avoid dangers like theft, heatstroke, and freezing. As a responsible pet owner, you need to gauge the mode of travel depending on your pet’s temperament. You want to protect your pet, but you also want to protect others from scratches, bites, messes, and undue noise.

Hot Tip:  Interested in more details for train travel with your pets? Check out UP’s dedicated article: The Ultimate Guide to Traveling with Pets on Trains within the U.S.  

Find Pet-Friendly Accommodations

Although many hotels allow pets, others may prohibit them. If you don’t want to get stuck with a hotel that isn’t pet-friendly, make sure to do your research before you book. Even if you know that your hotel welcomes pets, you should make sure you have a room where pets are specifically allowed. Some hotels may have particular rooms for pet owners.

In addition, most hotels will specify the animal’s type, size, weight, and other things, so be sure to review all their rules and ask any questions before you arrive. You can also search for pet-friendly hotels, as most establishments readily publish their information online on their official website.

Schedule a Pre-Trip Checkup With Your Veterinarian

Pet owners are advised by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to let their vets know as soon as travel becomes a possibility. It may take several appointments before all the paperwork and vaccinations are complete, so plan your vet visits well in advance of your trip.

• Immunizations, Certificates, and Tests : Certain countries may require blood tests, rabies certificates, and specific vaccines as much as 6 months in advance of travel. Failure to abide by these rules could lead to separation from your pet in your destination country, because officials may need to quarantine your pet upon arrival.
• Medications and Flea Prevention : If your pet is on any medications, special food, or requires flea and tick prevention, make sure to get a sufficient supply from your vet to last through the trip and a few weeks beyond.
• Stress Reduction for You Both : In addition to any essential blood tests, vaccinations, medication, and paperwork, your vet can also inform you about treatments that could make the journey with your pet less stressful. For example, getting a microchip implant for your pet could calm concerns about losing your pet while away from home. Also, asking your vet about sedation options for the trip could be a good idea if your pet is susceptible to anxiety.

Hot Tip: If you plan on bringing your pet on a hiking or walking trip, check out these great dog carrier backpacks .

Prepare Your Pet and Pack the Essentials

Create a list and stock up on all the things that will increase your pet’s comfort during the flight. You should ensure that you have a spacious carrier that is appropriate for travel. If you plan to fly, your airline will specify the requirements. Some items you should acquire and prepare include the following:

• Get Your Pet Comfortable With the Carrier : Give your pet plenty of time to get used to the carrier at home by leaving it out with the door open. Put their favorite bed or blanket inside, leave a toy or treat, and praise them for going in on their own. Don’t push it, just give your pet time to adjust.
• Invest in Calming Products : You might also want to consider anxiety-reducing products like a pheromone collar or lavender oil, which you can sprinkle inside the carrier for a calming effect. Another accessory to consider is a pet calming vest, which applies gentle pressure to specific areas to reduce anxiety. If your pet has a beloved blanket, stuffed animal toy, or even a shirt that smells like you, place that inside the carrier for comfort.  Important!  Make sure no tranquilizer is used on your pet that will reduce their blood pressure. This is especially dangerous at altitude for brachycephalics.
• Pack Items for Restraining : Make sure you have collars, leashes, muzzles, safety vests, and other items that will help you keep your pet under control at all times.
• Think Comfort : Check the weather and environmental conditions where you’ll be going. Be sure to pack collapsible water bowls, treats, toys, rain jackets, swimming safety vests or any other items your pet could use.
• A small amount of dry food
• A small collapsible bowl
• Medications and first aid items
• Travel documents, like a rabies certificate
• A favorite soft toy, blanket, or pillow
• Treats and dental chews
• Your veterinarian’s contact information

Hot Tip: Check out these great travel dog bags for some stylish ways to carry all of your pet’s items.

Watch Your Pet’s Diet

If you can keep to your pet’s accustomed diet for a while after arrival, it will help to avoid stomach upsets. Your pet will be out of sorts in unfamiliar territory, so changing up its diet could spell disaster. Here are some ways to keep your pet on course:

• Dry Food : Depending on the mode of travel and destination, if you use a dried food, you can probably carry enough with you for a couple of weeks. You can also research the location to see if you can purchase some food upon your arrival, or even have it shipped there. Some hotels will have your pet’s favorite food on hand if you set things up ahead of time. In this case, planning is crucial.
• Canned or Fresh Food : If you normally use canned or fresh food, it may be worth getting your pet used to a completely dry food diet before you travel. If they must have canned or fresh food, you will need to make sure you can either buy it or ship it to your final destination.
• Seeds : If you plan to transport a bird or small animal that eats seeds, be sure to check the country you plan to go. Some places will not allow certain types of seeds into their country.

Your pet will most likely be hungry after the long trip, so do your best to ensure they have the food they need to keep them energetic and healthy.

Plan for Emergencies and the Unexpected

The U.S. Department of State recommends pet owners have an emergency plan in case they need to send their pets back home or leave them behind in the destination country. The plan should include:

• Who to Call : Your contact information, as well as your veterinarian’s.
• How to Care : Instructions about your pet’s care and feeding, including medications and preventative treatments.
• Where to Stay : Contact details of at least 1 trusted person or facility with whom your pet could stay, both in the destination country and back at home.
• How to Pay : Instructions on financial and medical resources your pet might need in an emergency situation and accessibility details, like phone numbers and hours of operation.

Hot Tip: Make sure you’re earning points for all of your pet expenses with a great credit card.  

Keep Your Pet Calm and Comfortable During the Journey

You may be feeling stressed on the big travel day, but it is important your pet sees you as calm and collected. Here are some tips from the ASPCA to help make your journey go as smoothly as possible:

• Talk to All the Airline Staff : Tell every airline employee or personnel that you have a pet traveling with you. If your pet is traveling in the cargo area of the plane instead of the cabin, you may want to confirm they have loaded your pet onboard. This is especially important if you and your pet take multiple connecting flights.

Sometimes airline staff will voluntarily approach pet owners on the plane once their pets have been loaded safely onboard, but this is not always the case. If you haven’t already been notified of your pet’s whereabouts before takeoff, don’t be afraid to politely request confirmation from the airline staff.

• Keep Your Pet Hydrated and Fed, But Not Full : Just like their human counterparts, pets should not have heavy meals before flying. Feed your pet between 3-4 hours prior to leaving. Be sure to give your pet a bathroom opportunity close to departure time.

Just like humans, pets get dehydrated while traveling and during flights due to the plane’s air filtration system. If possible, give your pet some bottled water to drink during the flight, but not an excessive amount as that will increase the chance of a messy accident. If you are unable to monitor your pet’s in-flight hydration, you should ensure they get rehydrated immediately after the flight. Be aware that drinking water that comes from a place your pet isn’t used to can cause digestive problems.

On other modes of transportation, like buses and trains, water may not be easily accessible, so find out if you can carry bottled water for your pet. If not, make sure they have water on board for your pet. You will need to do your research to make sure your pet has all the necessities and is well-cared for, no matter what mode of transportation you choose.

Enlist in the Latest Pet Resources

There are a number of gadgets and apps to help make your trip safer and easier, such as:

• Pet Trackers : There are a variety of GPS pet tracking devices (like the Nuzzle Collar) that will alert the owner when the pet exits a pre-designated area.
• Pet Insurance : You can go online to easily find a pet insurance plan that suits your budget and your pet’s needs.
• Pet Travel Apps : Install a pet travel app to help you find pet-friendly places and share your travels with friends and family, such as FIGO’s Pet Cloud and Bring Fido .

Keeping your pet comfortable and healthy while traveling requires a certain amount of planning and preparation, but it is well worth the time. You will both enjoy the trip more and arrive ready to go!

This resource was created by UpgradedPoints.com whose mission is to help travelers  earn more points  (predominantly through  credit card usage) — and then use those points for maximum value . Dig into our ever-growing  Guides & Resources section for even more info.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are airline pet travel policies.

Here are some of the pet policies for the top U.S. airlines:

• Southwest Airlines : Southwest Pet Policy and Pet Reservations

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12 Things Every Person Who Wants to Travel with Their Dog Should Know

This is a guest post from Candy Pilar Godoy, who blogs about pet travel at Boogie The Pug . She travels the world with her pug, Boogie, and her tiny chihuahua, Marcelo. She’s here to tell you how you can do the same with your dog!

Many people assume that it’s supremely difficult — if not impossible — to travel with dogs. So most assume that they’ll need to fork over a truckload of cash to cover the dog-sitting costs of leaving their pooches behind while they travel.

However, I learned that, with research and a little extra planning, you can take your furry friends along with you on most travel adventures — and it’s not as difficult as you might think.

According to the 2017–2018 National Pet Owners Survey , 68% of US households own a pet. That’s 89 million dogs, an increase of 56% since 1988.

And of that number, about 37% of pet owners actually travel with their pets every year, up from just 19% a decade ago. The International Pet and Animal Transportation Association reported that, worldwide, more than four million live animals are transported on planes every year.

The travel industry has had to adapt to this growing demand, and today, traveling with your dog is easier than ever.

As someone who is extremely passionate about traveling AND dogs, I wanted to share what I’ve learned on the road about this emerging trend.

1. Don’t assume it’s a no

When in doubt, always ask. Never assume that dogs are or are not allowed. It’s great to look for a “No Pets Allowed” sign or a “Pet Friendly” notice, but whether a place has one or not, it’s always best to double-check. A quick email or phone call can save you a lot of time, confusion, and frustration. For example, I’ve been pleasantly surprised to learn that dogs are welcome in most shopping malls in Rio de Janeiro . Who knew?

2. Make copies of pet-related documents

For these reasons, I like to keep multiple copies of my dogs’ medical records and vet information on us at all times. This includes both a virtual copy on my phone and printed copies in my day bag.

3. Use dog-friendly apps

• All Trails – This has the largest collection of trail maps (over 50,000). Browse photos and reviews, and filter your search by dog-friendly trails so you know which hikes to hit with your dog.
• Bring Fido – The Yelp of the dog world. Bring Fido helps you locate nearby hotels, attractions, and restaurants that welcome pets.
• Pet First Aid by American Red Cross – This app helps you locate the nearest emergency animal hospital, and provides step-by-step instructions for common pet emergencies.

4. Skip hotel fees

There are some hotel chains, however, that welcome your pets without asking for any extra cash — no additional fees, no deposits, and no one-time charges. Consider one of these hotels when you’re booking your next trip. My favorite pet-friendly hotels with no extra fees include:

• Kimpton – With no additional fees or deposits, Kimpton Hotels rank high in terms of pet-friendliness. Plus, there’s no size or weight limit, and no limit on the number of pets allowed.
• Red Roof Inn – This upscale economy chain has over 580 locations in the US , and additional locations in Brazil and Japan . They allow all family pets weighing 80 lbs. or less.
• Motel 6 – Motel 6 hotels are a great option for anyone on a US road trip, with over 1,400 locations across the United States and Canada. They welcome all well-behaved pets, with a maximum allowance of two pets per room.

Can’t find a good hotel in the area? Try airbnb.com. They have an easy search function that filters for pet-friendly homes. We often use Airbnb when traveling internationally.

Pro tip: Before booking with any hotel, ask these questions to ensure that your stay is comfortable.

5. Take a pet carrier

6. Be respectful of the people you meet

Remember that human relationships with dogs vary incredibly across cultures. For example, in Guatemala , we saw more street dogs than pets. People were often surprised to learn that our dogs travel on planes, and even more taken aback to learn that they sleep in our bed. Try to be aware of these cultural differences , and be sensitive to the human-canine boundaries to which people are accustomed.

Moreover, if your pet tends to be unfriendly with humans (or other dogs), make that very clear to anyone approaching. You don’t want to end up in a situation that could have been avoided with a clear warning. After all, dogs are animals — as owners we are the ones responsible for them.

7. Triple-check airline pet policies

Policies and prices for flying with your pet also vary according to a few factors. They usually depend on the airline , the country you’re traveling to, and the size and breed of your pet. There’s also the option of air travel in the cabin, in cargo, and in baggage. (Want to know the difference between these three? Click here .)

Some of my favorite dog-friendly airlines include American Airlines, Delta Airlines, Air France, and JetBlue.

8. Countries differ

The hardest countries to enter tend to be islands, like Australia, Japan, Fiji, and Iceland. The easiest are countries in the European Union (if your pup has an EU passport!). Research the rules of your destination country thoroughly and far enough in advance to ensure that you can meet all the requirements.

9. Make dog friends

• Go on a walk – Grab your pup and head out for a walk around the neighborhood. Stop to sniff a butt or two, and talk to dog people. Speaking to local dog owners is the best way to get the lowdown on the area, and all of the dog-friendly places around town.
• Instagram – These days, dogs everywhere have their own Instagram profiles. Look up hashtags, like #dogsof and enter in your location. You’ll find dogs all over the world. Find some local pups and send them a message asking for tips.
• Visit a dog park – Dog parks are a great place to exercise and socialize. Many major cities have them. If there aren’t any official dog parks in your area, ask local dog owners or people online about unofficial places where your dogs can romp around.
• Find an online community – Online platforms host a myriad of groups based on things like breed, location, dog size, and activity level. I recommend searching Facebook and Meetup.com. Many online communities host meetups and social gatherings that you and your pup can join. They’re also a great place to ask questions.
• Go to a pet store – Local pet shops are great resources for information. Many post flyers for local dog services, or information on nearby dog-related activities for you and your four-legged friend.

10. Pack the essentials

Here’s a checklist of things you might need. It includes things like:

• Dog food and water
• Collapsible bowls
• Flea and tick medicine
• Medical records and travel documents

Also, make sure your dog is microchipped and always up to date on standard vaccinations.

11. Teach your dog manners

Plus, you’re more likely to get a “yes” to your requests if people see that your dog is well behaved. No one wants to be around a barking or rowdy dog who won’t listen!

Work on obedience and manners, and make sure your pup always puts its best paw forward.

If you need help, working with a certified trainer is best. There are also many resources online to help ensure that your dog is obedient and ready to venture out into the world. I recommend the AllThingsPups training tips — they have a YouTube channel , Instagram account , and podcast .

12. Say hello!

On a recent flight, a friendly exchange with a dog-loving airline worker led to my pups and me getting a whole row to ourselves. Extra legroom and seat space are always welcome!

I’ve also gotten free treats, lots of useful tips, and other upgrades all because of a smile, some amicable banter, and of course, my friendly pups.

Travels with my dogs are more colorful and locally focused, and force me to explore parts of my destination that I would have never experienced had I been dogless. My dogs help me meet more people, see more places, and live in and cherish the present. There’s no better way to appreciate a new place than with a dog!

Book Your Trip: Logistical Tips and Tricks

Book Your Flight Find a cheap flight by using Skyscanner . It’s my favorite search engine because it searches websites and airlines around the globe so you always know no stone is being left unturned.

Book Your Accommodation You can book your hostel with Hostelworld . If you want to stay somewhere other than a hostel, use Booking.com as it consistently returns the cheapest rates for guesthouses and hotels.

Don’t Forget Travel Insurance Travel insurance will protect you against illness, injury, theft, and cancellations. It’s comprehensive protection in case anything goes wrong. I never go on a trip without it as I’ve had to use it many times in the past. My favorite companies that offer the best service and value are:

• SafetyWing (best for everyone)
• Insure My Trip (for those 70 and over)
• Medjet (for additional evacuation coverage)

Want to Travel for Free? Travel credit cards allow you to earn points that can be redeemed for free flights and accommodation — all without any extra spending. Check out my guide to picking the right card and my current favorites to get started and see the latest best deals.

Need Help Finding Activities for Your Trip? Get Your Guide is a huge online marketplace where you can find cool walking tours, fun excursions, skip-the-line tickets, private guides, and more.

Ready to Book Your Trip? Check out my resource page for the best companies to use when you travel. I list all the ones I use when I travel. They are the best in class and you can’t go wrong using them on your trip.

Got a comment on this article? Join the conversation on Facebook , Instagram , or Twitter and share your thoughts!

Disclosure: Please note that some of the links above may be affiliate links, and at no additional cost to you, I earn a commission if you make a purchase. I recommend only products and companies I use and the income goes to keeping the site community supported and ad free.

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• Cat Behavior
• Health & Care

How to Travel With a Cat: 14 Vet Approved Tips & Tricks

Image Credit: Svetlana Rey, Shutterstock

Last Updated on April 19, 2024 by Catster Editorial Team

VET APPROVED

REVIEWED & FACT-CHECKED BY

Dr. Amanda Charles

BVSc GPCert (Derm) MRCVS (Veterinarian)

The information is current and up-to-date in accordance with the latest veterinarian research.

Traveling with a cat can be rewarding, but it requires thorough planning. Whether you’re getting ready to drive a short distance and hang out with family or fly somewhere for a relaxing vacation, there are a few factors to consider when traveling with your cat.

Make sure to start the planning process early, particularly if you’re traveling internationally or are going to stay in a hotel during any part of your journey. Below, you’ll find 14 tips and tricks to make your journey with your cat successful.

• The 14 Tips to Travel with a Cat
• 1. Invest in a Good Carrier

Cats should always be restrained when riding in cars, and airports require them to stay in their carriers at all times (except during the security screening process). Airlines have several rules and regulations regarding traveling with pets, including guidelines regarding the size of carriers.

Make sure the carrier you use meets the airline’s regulations and requirements. If you’re driving, the sky’s the limit when it comes to the size of your cat’s mobile palace. Carriers should be sturdy, well-ventilated, secure, and easy to clean. Plastic carriers are usually the best options.

• 2. Give Your Cat Time to Get Used to Their Carrier

Because cats spend so much time in their carriers when traveling, they must feel comfortable in them. Consider leaving your cat’s carrier out so they can get used to it before your trip.

Letting your cat have dinner in their carrier a few times may encourage them to develop positive associations with their traveling home.

• 3. Invest in a Good Harness and Leash

If you visit a rest stop during a road trip, your cat should be harnessed and leashed when they’re away from their carrier to ensure they can’t run off and get lost if they become scared.

Make sure the harness you choose fits properly, and give your cat time to get used to wearing it so they’re ready to do so when you hit the road.

Are you looking for the perfect cat harness? We suggest Hepper's Cat Harness & Leash Set , which includes a nicely designed, machine-washable harness made from soft, sturdy velvet and mesh.

• Escape Proof - Cat leashes and harnesses for walking aren't all equally secure. Our double aluminium...
• Superior Comfort - Our cat harnesses are lightweight, made with premium velvet fabric, breathable...
• Free Extra Strength Leash - You don't need to worry about your cat escaping this harness. This cat...

This harness is easy to put on and take off and features reinforced stitching, reflective stripes, and quick-release buckles. This set also includes a great leash made from durable nylon climbing rope.

At Catster, we’ve admired Hepper for many years and decided to take a controlling ownership interest so that we could benefit from the outstanding designs of this cool cat company!

• 4. Practice Everything

No matter how you’re traveling, your cat must be comfortable entering and exiting the carrier. If you’re flying, you’ll need to take them out of their carrier during the security screening process in the airport.

You can practice taking your cat out of the carrier when you’re around other people to make them more comfortable during the security check. If you plan on driving, consider taking your cat for a few practice rides to get them used to spending time in the car. Make sure to reward them for their cooperation!

• 5. Ask Your Veterinarian for Advice

Some easily stressed cats may benefit from medication to help them stay mellow while traveling. However, sedation isn’t suitable for all cats, and most airlines won’t transport pets who have been tranquilized or sedated.

• 6. Have Cleaning Supplies on Hand

Pack a bag with cleaning supplies and plan to have it close at hand while you’re underway in case your cat has an accident and you need to do a bit of on-the-fly cleaning. It’s best to pack paper towels or cleaning wipes, gloves, and baggies for disposal.

• Gentle Care For All Pets - Infused with moisturizing hypoallergenic ingredients & enriched with...
• Deep Cleans From Head to Tail - Tackle the toughest dirt & messes with our extra strong pet wipes...
• Freshness On The Go - Each dog grooming wipes pack contains 30 counts of premium dog wipes that...

It's hard to beat the convenience of pet-safe wipes after a big adventure, between baths, or when cleaning sensitive areas. Our favorite option is Hepper's Wash Wipes, premium wipes designed to safely and gently remove grime from cats and dogs of all ages and sizes. These hypoallergenic wipes are made in the USA and feature moisturizing ingredients to soothe your pet's skin.

• 7. Pack Toys and Blankets

Take a few of your cat’s favorite toys and a well-loved blanket that smells like home to keep them comfortable while away from their territory. Putting a favorite blanket in your cat’s carrier may make being on the road less stressful.

A stuffed toy might look a little different than a traditional cat toy but many felines find them quite enticing. The Hepper Plush Whale serves a dual purpose, featuring a faux fur exterior that mimics prey and a soft interior for cuddling during long cat naps when playtime is over. The best part about it is it's an affordable option for ages, sizes, and conditions. Learn more about why your cat needs a plush here!

• Tailored size even for kittens - the compact size of the whale plush cat toy at 15cm long ensures...
• Catnip Free Cat Toys - Made with top quality plush exterior & cotton interior, it's perfect for cats...
• Peaceful Playtime - No more squeaky cat toys for indoor cats. This stuffed cat toy is perfect for...

At Catster, we've admired Hepper for many years, and decided to take a controlling ownership interest so that we could benefit from the outstanding designs of this cool cat company!

• 8. Consider Portable Litter Boxes

If you’re traveling by car , pack a litter box with some of your cat’s regular litter. Plastic poop bags and a scoop are also essential. If you’re staying at a hotel, check their pet policies thoroughly.

Most hotels that accept cats don’t provide litter boxes and litter. Collapsible litter boxes are ideal for shorter trips and can be folded down and packed.

• 9. Pack Food, Water, Treats, and Medication

If you’re traveling by car, bring enough of your cat’s regular food to keep them happy while you’re away from home. It’s also helpful (and usually mandatory) to pack food and water for your cat while flying, but some cats may be too nervous to eat until you land.

If your cat takes medication, pack enough to last them for your entire trip, and consider putting it in your carry-on luggage to ensure you have access to it even if your checked luggage takes a detour.

• 10. Consider Pheromones

Commercial synthetic feline pheromone products may help some cats stay calm while underway by reducing stress and creating a sense of safety and well-being. They’re available in sprays and wipes, so your cat can enjoy the benefits of calming pheromones while you’re on the road.

• 11. Check Your Cat’s Microchip Registration

Ensure that the registry where your cat’s microchip is registered has the right contact information. Losing your cat when you’re out of town is a nightmare, but an up-to-date microchip can significantly improve the chances of their return.

• 12. Collect Your Cat’s Medical Information

It’s vital to collect your cat’s medical information before you plan to leave and make sure you have a way to access it while you’re on the road in case they require veterinary care while you’re away from home.

Ensure you have all the documentation and certificates your cat needs to travel, including their vaccination status. Remember that the requirements vary based on where you’re headed and how you plan to travel.

• 13. Double Check Your Reservations

If you plan on staying in a hotel at your destination, contact the property ahead of time to ensure pets are permitted and get information about the rules and requirements that may apply. Don’t forget to inquire about the availability of litter boxes and food and water bowls.

• 14. Invest in Physical ID Tags

It’s best to attach an ID tag with your name and contact information to your cat’s collar. It will make it easy for people to reach out to you if your cat gets loose and makes a run for it.

Microchips are helpful , but lost cats need to be taken to shelters or veterinarians with scanners for their chips to be read. ID tags make the reunification process far more efficient; if your cat runs off, anyone who finds them can simply give you a call.

Traveling with cats can be stress-free with a bit of planning and preparation. Make sure to get started before you hit the road with your cat , particularly if you’re thinking about flying or staying in a hotel. Also, don’t forget to invest in an appropriate carrier and give your cat lots of time to get used to it.

• Hiking With a Cat: Is It Possible?
• Traveling With Kittens: Essential Tips
• https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/flying-with-your-cat
• https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/road-trips-and-car-travel-with-your-cat
• https://www.petmd.com/cat/care/8-tips-traveling-cat
• https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/pet-owners/petcare/traveling-your-pet-faq
• https://www.aa.com/i18n/travel-info/special-assistance/pets.jsp#:~:text=As%20recommended%20by%20the%20American,cardiovascular%20problems%20at%20high%20altitudes.

Featured Image Credit: Angels Relax CZ, Shutterstock

About the Author

Lorre Luther

Lorre Luther is a writer who is firmly convinced that cats are smarter than humans. She left her law career in the United States and moved to the Netherlands to follow her dream of becoming a writer. Lorre currently lives in Rotterdam, she enjoys traveling and greatly appreciates the beauty of nature. Lorre has a spot for animals and admires the intelligence of cats.

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How to Travel Internationally With Your Pet

International Travel on a U.S. Carrier

Three ways to travel with your pet, how to fly with a service animal, follow international animal export regulations, call and check in advance, things to know before you go, be prepared for an emergency, other things to consider.

Our pets are straight-up members of our family. We don’t want to leave them behind when we go on vacation, especially if we’re planning on being away from home for extended amounts of time. Plus, there are costs to consider when your pet is in someone else’s care. Overnight boarding fees vary and are dependent, in many cases, on the weight of your pet, whether or not you want a private room, if you want enrichment toys and treats given to your dog each day, and if you want your furry friend to have a daily walk for exercise.

If you’re lucky enough to have a friend or family member take care of your pet while you’re absent, you’ll have to consider the risks of your animal potentially destroying their property—chewing furniture, having in-house accidents, or damaging floors or doors with their nails. You’ll have to think about the grooming that might be necessary as well—will your dog need a haircut, and will his nails need to be trimmed while you’re gone? What happens if your pet gets sick, injured, or lost?

Sometimes, the easier choice might be to bring your pet with you when you travel. According to the U.S. Department of Transportation, more than 2 million pets and animals are transported by air every year in the states.   Keep reading to learn what to consider before booking your flight.

The U.S. Department of State advises pet owners to research and understand the intended airline carrier’s live pet guidelines and added charges before booking flights. You’ll need to decide if your pet is to fly in-cabin, as excess baggage, or cargo. Also, be sure to check the travel policies directly before you book flights, as the terms are subject to change at any time. You’ll also need to review Transportation Security Administration’s (TSA) policies and contact them directly to verify before travel. The Overseas Briefing Center (OBC) suggests that owners request written approval of reservations made for your animal's shipment.

When booking airfare, there are three ways to consider for shipping your pet.

• Your animal can travel with you, either in the cabin or in the cargo hold. These options both consider your pet as excess or accompanied baggage and will be charged as such. Not all airlines offer this as an option to passengers, and many have restrictions on which breeds can fly. In general, pets need to be less than 15 pounds, including the carrier's weight, to travel in the cabin.
• Your pet may be booked on a separate flight, in which you will be charged the cargo rate, which is much higher than the first option. Also, some airlines do not offer this option.
• A licensed commercial shipper can be responsible for getting your pet from A to B. In this case, you will be responsible for the cargo rate and the shipper’s charge. Many airlines require this method for transportation unless your pet is compact enough to ride in the cabin.

Finally, some airlines don’t allow travel during certain parts of the year in the cargo hold due to weather. If it’s too hot or too cold, it may be necessary to reconsider travel. Your pet must also be able to stand, sit, and turn around in a sturdy carrier if being transported in cargo.

As per theme, you’ll need to check each airline to find out their exact policy at the time of travel, which can change at any time, to determine the specific airline’s rules and regulations. If your dog is registered as a service animal to assist a person with physical, sensory, psychiatric, intellectual, or other mental disability, she may legally fly with you in the cabin. Your rights, in this case, are protected under the Americans with Disabilities Act. You will have to follow the laws of foreign governments, however. Some countries require a mandatory animal quarantine period upon arrival, for example.

Service pets must be able to sit in the owner’s lap or on the floor below their seat in front of them. Animals must not obstruct the aisleway or sit in the emergency exit row. And, of course, animals must be trained and not bark, jump, or bite other passengers or airline employees.

Service Dog Registration of America suggests travelers check with the individual airline in person or over the phone to verify the exact policy and make sure everything is understood, especially when traveling internationally. A great resource for veterans who are interested in traveling internationally is America’s Vet Dogs .

You’ll need to review the International Animal Export Regulations before international travel, provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture—Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS). It’s required that you connect with your vet to ensure that your pet is updated on vaccinations. Diagnostic testing or a health certificate may be obtained.

You’ll need to verify travel requirements with the countries you’ll be visiting—each country has its own set of export rules and requirements in addition to the airlines and shipping lines, which have their own policies for transporting pets. The USDA-APHIS has a great website for checking each country’s regulations. Australia, for example, requires USDA Accredited Veterinarian-collected blood samples. A laboratory submission form, completed by the USDA Veterinarian that drew the blood, must include the animal’s microchip details.

You’ll need to double-check the deadline for when to get a veterinarian examination and inoculations, which need to be done close to the departure date.

Be sure to call the airline directly before travel and speak with a person to determine the precise protocols. For American Airlines, call the reservation number at 1-800-433-7300 or the air cargo section at 1-800-227-4622. For Delta, call 1-800-241-4141 for reservations and 1-888-736-3738 for the live animal desk. And, for United Airlines, call 1-800-538-2929 for international reservations or 1-800-825-3788 for live cargo.

Travel is stressful for humans, but even more so for pets. Make sure your animal is comfortable with its carrier before your flight. Consider spending more money on fewer flights to avoid connections or layovers. Do not travel with pets in cargo if it’s extremely hot or cold outside (perhaps nighttime travel is better in the summer, and daytime is better in the winter). Exercise your pet before boarding and immediately after deplaning.

The Federal Animal Welfare Act requires that dogs and cats be eight weeks or older, and must be weaned from their mothers for at least five days. Crates must meet certain standards for size, ventilation, and sanitation. Food and water must be provided to animals traveling more than 12 hours. Animals must be comfortable and not exposed to temperatures less than 45 degrees-Fahrenheit.

Of course, traveling with your pet has inherent risks. You may have planned for every scenario. However, pets sometimes get sick, and some even die on airplanes. First and foremost, you should determine if your pet is healthy and young enough to travel internationally. If there are any doubts, you should reconsider international travel with your animal. Your woolly pal should be able to handle a long flight in a pet carrier or the cargo hold with ease and relative comfort.

•  To dot the i’s and cross the t’s, make sure you have copies of your pet’s documents when traveling internationally and for the return flight home—you may want to make an extra copy that you store in a separate location, just to be safe.
• You’ll need to start the whole process early and give yourself plenty of time to gather the proper paperwork and take care of your pet’s required veterinarian care.
• Your veterinarian will be a great resource for you as you plan for your trip—the doctor will help you determine what blood tests, vaccinations, and microchips might be necessary before travel.

U.S. Department of Transportation. "Plane Talk: Traveling with Animals."

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25 ways to travel with your pets without busting your budget

Posted: September 25, 2023 | Last updated: April 7, 2024

25 Tips to Cut Costs When Traveling With Pets

Traveling can already be costly, but add a pet and your prices could be even more anxiety-inducing. But sometimes traveling with a pet is unavoidable, be it because you’re planning on being gone for a while or you simply want to bring your best friend with you. Fortunately, if you’re looking for the cheapest way to travel with a dog or another pet, we have some tips to help. Beyond making sure you have all the  budgeting tips  you need to create a travel fund, here are some more pet-specific ways to save on travel.

1. Be Savvy About Pre-Travel Vet Trips

If traveling by air or train, review  what checkups and vaccinations your pet needs to travel   well in advance. This will allow you to shop around for the cheapest vet, which can provide some major savings. This tip can really help you if you  own a pet on a budget , even when you’re not traveling, as comparing local vet prices can help you save money on your pet’s next check-up!

2. Make a Packing List for Your Pet

Just like you make a list for yourself, a partner or even kids, make sure you have a list for your pet, too. This can prevent you from having to waste money re-purchasing items at your destination because you didn’t pack them.

3. Bring a Leash & Harness

This may sound obvious, but it can be overlooked if you’re planning a trip to the country or somewhere else your pet may have free-reign. However, in an emergency situation, already having these items packed and readily available can save you both time and money. Plus, many cities and towns have laws that require dogs to wear leashes. Check out the laws in your travel destinations ahead of time to avoid potentially getting hit with a fine if you’re caught with a dog off-leash in an area with leash laws.

4. Pack Extra Food

Even if you don’t think you’ll need it, pack extra dog food and treats. If you end up being delayed because of traffic, layovers, canceled flights or other inconveniences you may end up having to buy pet food you didn’t plan for. Worse still, depending on where you’re delayed, you may have trouble finding spare pet food to purchase at all.

5. Don’t Forget Portable Water Bowls

At some point, be it while hiking or at a rest stop on a road trip, your pet is going to become thirsty. If you forget to bring a collapsible bowl, you may have to buy one on the road if you don’t have an empty cup large enough for them to drink from.

6. Check Your Carrier Dimensions

If you’re bringing Fido in a carrier for a train or airline, double-check ahead of time that your carrier fits their regulations. Just like luggage and carry-ons, airlines often have specifications for carrier sizes. Making sure your carrier will be accepted ahead of time can save you a lot of time and money.

7. Invest in Pet Car Safety Items

If you’re driving, make sure you have everything you need to make sure your pet gets to your destination safely. Sure, this may cost you money upfront, but a proper pet seat belt or travel crate could save your pet’s life or prevent costly injuries in case of an accident.

8. Compare Airline Pet Fees

An airplane isn’t exactly the cheapest way to travel with a dog or any other pet. Why make it more expensive by just going with the first airline that pops up on your search engine? You can save money by doing some comparison shopping sans pet, and given how expensive pet fees can be, it’s even more important to do so when traveling with your furry companion!

9. Consider Skipping the Hotels

Hotels can charge some pretty hefty pet fees, especially if your pet weighs more than 10 or so pounds. You can avoid the fees by  opting for an Airbnb instead . Not only can this be a cheaper option when traveling with a pet, but it could give your friend more space to run and play, especially if your host has a backyard.

10. Research Dog-Friendly Cities

Pet fees in a major city like New York City are bound to be higher than those of a remote campground in, say, northern Michigan. So you may want to do your research before finalizing your destination to find  cities and towns that are pet-friendly   both in terms of the average fees charged for pets at hotels and how many dog-friendly activities are around.

11. Look for Free Dog-Friendly Activities

Look for cities that offer beaches, hiking trails, parks and perhaps even restaurants where your furry pal can tag along. Many pet beaches and parks are free, so you and your pet can have a good time on a budget!

12. Determine if it’s Cheaper to Pack Pet Food

If you’re not traveling by airplane or a train with bag limits, then the odds are that it’ll be cheaper to bring your pet’s food than it will be to buy a bag at your destination. However, if your pet food weight is going to drive up the prices of your luggage, you may actually be better off just buying food from a local pet store when you land.

13. Don’t Forget the Toys!

Your pet will still want to play fetch, snuggle with her favorite stuffed squeaker and chew on his favorite bone. Not bringing toys could mean you have to buy toys at your destination to stave off having a grumpy (and even destructive) pet.

14. Pack a Pet Essentials Bag

Emergencies happen. Your pet could catch a cold playing in some mud at a rest stop or have an allergy flare up and need eye drops. To avoid paying for overpriced medications on the road, pack a bag of essentials you can keep handy whenever you’re out with your pet. Your bag could include wipes, treats, an extra leash, pills, water or anything else you think your furry friend may need in a pinch.

15. Reconsider Rental Cars

Many  rental car companies  charge exuberant fees for bringing along a pet. And if you don’t disclose you’re bringing a pet to avoid the fees, you could end up getting charged even more if they find dog hair or any accidents when you return the car. The cheapest way to travel with a dog is often to bring your own car, if possible. And if it isn’t, you may want to ask a close friend or family member if you could borrow theirs for the trip. Just be sure to offer to pay them and return it clean … or at least bring them back some great souvenirs!

16. Try Traveling by Train

If cars and airplanes aren’t going to work for your situation, then you may want to consider traveling by train. For instance,  Amtrak allows you to travel with pets  under 20 pounds if you keep them in a carrier for just $26 or 800 rewards points.

17. Collect Your Membership Cards

Are you a part of any membership programs with any chain pet stores? Be sure to bring those cards with you as you travel with your pet. These loyalty programs often offer benefits such as discounted products & services, and even rewards points that can benefit you and your budget if you end up needing to buy something at your destination.

18. Research Local Vets & Emergency Clinics

No one wants to think about a pet getting sick or injured on a trip. However, knowing your options and having a plan if an emergency happens while you’re out of town can save time and money.

19. Check Your Pet Insurance Policy

Check if your  pet insurance policy  is likely to cover a pet bill from a vet office that is out of town. Additionally, make sure the policy is up-to-date before leaving to avoid paying high fees if you do need a vet while you’re on vacation. You probably don’t want to find out your pet insurance expired during an emergency vet visit while traveling.

20. Ask About Public Transportation Policies

Do you plan on traveling by cab or bus when you get to your destination? Call ahead of time and see if your furry companion is allowed to ride with you on the modes of public transportation you plan to use. Most cities allow animals that can fit in a carrier under the subway or bus seat to ride for a small fee or even free.

21. Don’t Forget About Non-Pet Savings

Have a few tried-and-true  travel hacks ? Be sure to use them even if you’re traveling with a pet! You can save on human and pet-related grooming products by using hotel soaps and shampoos, if your pet doesn’t have an allergy to them. Other popular hacks, like having flexible travel dates and using credit card points can also still save you money when you travel.

22. Try to Get Direct Flights Only

If you have to take an  airplane , try to only take direct flights. While layovers could mean savings if you’re traveling alone, it actually could end up costing you more time and money with your pet. A direct flight can be less stressful for your pet and prevent you from spending on food and amenities to pass the time.

23. Travel During ‘Off’ Season

Airplanes, rideshares and other means of transportation with a pet will all be cheaper if you travel during odd times. The cheapest days to fly are usually Tuesday or Wednesday, for instance, and prices for Uber and Lyft are lowest outside of commuter hours. By traveling during less busy times and seasons, you’ll most likely have lower costs for services like UberPets, too.

24. Use Rewards Points

Pet or no pet, rewards credit cards can help you save money while on vacation. If you’ve collected enough rewards points and awards you can use them toward your expenses to cut down on costs. And even if your rewards bank is empty, you can still use your cards to build up points so you’ll have a nice stack of bonus rewards ready to use on your next trip.

25. Skip Indoor Activities

Operas, theaters, museums, and other touristy activities may be fun for you, but not so much for your pet. Plus, if your pet can’t really be trusted alone, the costs of finding an animal daycare or a pet sitter while you’re gone for a few hours may be pretty expensive. Even if your pet is usually fine alone, the anxiety from being somewhere new without their owner could trigger stress and anxiety, and cause them to have an accident or destroy something while you’re gone that you’ll be charged for. Instead, try finding  free or inexpensive things  you could do with your pet, like hiking or swimming in a lake.

Other Pet Travel Tips

Before hitting the road (or air) with your furry pal, you may want to help you and your pet prepare for what traveling will be like. Here are few extra tips that can help you and your pet stay safe and happy while traveling, especially if your pet is new to long-distance travel.

1. Practice Traveling

If your pet has never been on a long car ride before, take a few practice trips before a big trip. Jump on the expressway for an hour or so to see how your pet does. This can help your pet get used to traveling for a longer period of time than they’re used to.

2. Plan for Extra Potty & Play Time

You may be in a hurry to get to your destination, but your pet may need to take more breaks than you think, especially if you’re traveling by car. So when you’re planning your trip, take into account how often your pet usually needs to go to the bathroom or how long they can realistically be in a car without exercising and make room for a few more breaks in the day where possible.

3. Talk To Your Vet about Pet Anxiety

If your pet is anxiety-prone, talk to your vet about safe ways to help your pet calm down, which may include prescription or drug store calming supplements. If your pet is especially anxious, you may want to consider asking a close friend or family member to pet sit and leave the pet behind, if possible.

4. Bring Comfort Items

Having a few comfort items can help make the journey easier for your pet. Bringing a favorite toy, blanket, or even a dog bed if you’re traveling by car can all go a long way in helping them keep calm and feel at ease while traveling somewhere new.

5. Keep to Scheduled Meal Times

If possible, feed your pet around the same times you usually would while you’re traveling. Plus, try to feed them the same food they’re used to getting. This can help keep their bellies from getting upset and help them have a sense of routine, which is especially important for anxious pets.

The Takeaway

Traveling with a beloved pet can be fun if you’ve got the budgeting basics and tips you need to make sure the trip is successful. While it can be more costly, with proper planning, bringing your furry friend along doesn’t have to be outrageously expensive.

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Food to Go and Other Tips for Traveling With Pets

Staying Cool, Comfortable, and Safe

Road Trip! Such an announcement may very well get your dog’s tail wagging punctuated with delighted barking. While your cat may not be quite so enthusiastic about leaving the comforts of home. The best way to make travel enjoyable for both people and pets is to be properly prepared. And prepping for pets is no different than doing a checklist for small children.  

Food and a comfortable place to sit are two of the most important things for a hassle-free pet road trip. Always travel with the same food recipes that they enjoy at home. People may enjoy new eating experiences when they travel, but a diet change for your dog or cat could result in an upset tummy. Air-tight containers are ideal to fill with a favorite kibble. And single serving wet dinners in pouches and cans are equally easy to pack. Consider bringing a few throwaway paper plates or bowls so there is no washing up required.

However, it’s not a good idea to feed your pet a big meal just before you travel. And, if it’s a really long trip, keep meals on the lighter side until you reach your destination.

Staying Cool 

It’s very important to ensure pets stay properly hydrated. Bottled water is a good idea for a road trip because water in different parts of the country could upset a sensitive pet tummy too. A collapsible silicone travel bowl is something that can be kept permanently in a vehicle. Also fill a bowl with water and freeze it the night before you leave. This way, pets have something to lick and stay hydrated in the car without a mess.

Staying Comfortable 

A favorite blanket or pet bed will encourage your dog to lie down. It’s very important that all pets are restrained in a vehicle for their own safety as well as the safety of others in the vehicle. An unrestrained pet becomes a fast-moving projectile if the driver suddenly has to apply brakes! There is no shortage of crash-tested safety restraints for dogs. Cats should always travel in a carrier and the floor area of the back-passenger seat is the safest place unless the carrier is restrained with a seatbelt system.

It’s a really good idea to leave the cat carrier lying around the home a few days in advance of the trip and let your feline discover it for herself. This way, she will consider it a home away from home. Lining it with a puppy pee pad will prevent it from getting soiled in case of an accident en route.

Staying Safe 

Even if your pets are microchipped, a collar with current identification makes it easy for someone to try and track you down without a microchip reader. If you are going on a long trip, consider adding paper tags to the collar with details of the destinations on your route. Proper ID is a lost pet’s ticket home.

Be sure to add a portable litter box to your check list for your cat and don’t forget to pack a variety of toys – catnip infused for felines and comfort toys as well as action toys for your dog to get some exercise at your destination.

It’s always a good idea to travel with copies of your pets’ medical records and up to date vaccinations even if you are not staying in a hotel. Add copies of prescription medications and keep any medications in a cooler.

Safe travels and don’t forget to post some fun pictures to the  Merrick Facebook page !

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When you’re traveling with your pet, there are several costs you need to consider beyond airline fees: doggy day care or pet-sitting services, hotel pet fees and transit costs.

But sometimes travel rewards can help keep traveling with your animal affordable.

Here are a few things to consider when planning pet travel, and tips on how to keep the costs down.

How much are the hotel pet fees?

Hotel pet fees can range from $0 to $100 per stay, or nightly rates of up to $50. Even chains that may have a stated price could vary by location.

NerdWallet analyzed hotel policies as part of its annual Best Of's awards to find the best hotels that allow pets . While the rankings encompassed factors beyond cost (other factors were considered such as percent of hotels within that brand where pets are allowed), cost of pet fees was naturally a huge factor.

The average pet fee across all hotels in NerdWallet's analysis is $81.60, representing, on average, a 33.50% fee as a percent of the overall room rate. You'll find lower average pet fees at brands like Best Western, IHG and Wyndham, whereas Marriott and Hyatt typically charge more.

Alternatively, Airbnb pet fees are set by individuals, so they could be a nominal $5 (or even $0) night, but they might also be well over $50. Unlike a hotel, Airbnb pet fees can often be negotiated. NerdWallet staff has had success with fees listed at $40 per stay. Staff sent the host a message that their dog was well-behaved and the host dropped the fee to $20.

What is the hotel’s or Airbnb’s policy for leaving your dog in the room?

The Renaissance Charlotte SouthPark Hotel. (Photo courtesy of Marriott).

If the hotel or Airbnb you’re staying in has a policy of never leaving your dog in the room by itself, you’ll need to also budget for local pet-sitting services or day care.

If you’re gone for a few hours, services such as Rover will help you find an experienced dog walker, and the first two walks are free. Pet-sitting services are priced similarly to babysitting services. Expect to pay at least $10 per hour, though pet day care services may cheaper. enerally, expect to hire a pet sitter if you need to leave your pet at night.

Does the hotel have amenities for your dog?

The Le Merigot Santa Monica. (Photo courtesy of Marriott).

Some do. Kimpton Hotels , which is considered NerdWallet's top hotel brand for pets, offer toys, treats, clean-up bags and water bowls for your pet.

At the Le Merigot Santa Monica, a Marriott property in Southern California, pet perks include a welcome amenity and plush pet bed. There's also an on-site dog park, and you can ask hotel staff for dog treats, too.

You should generally plan on bringing or buying your dog’s food from a local pet store. Some boutique hotels will have doggy menus to treat your pooch as you dine at the hotel restaurant, although the pet food may be comparable in price to the human food.

How much are the airline pet fees?

Alongside its hotel rankings, NerdWallet also analyzed the most pet-friendly airlines for its annual Best Of awards. Again, pet fees weren't the only factor (NerdWallet also considered criteria like types of animals allowed and rate of pet deaths or injuries), but they played a big factor.

Here's a snapshot of some of the data we collected to help you plan for flying with dogs, cats and other pets.

NerdWallet rated Alaska Airlines as the best airline for traveling with a pet, as it had among the lowest fees and the most flexible pet policy in terms of what types of pets you can bring.

You might also consider smaller air services, like semi-private jet service JSX, which is one of the best air carriers for pets . JSX doesn't charge pet fees for small pets that fit in a cabin carrier. Though its airfares are typically far higher than traditional airlines, it might even out once you account for the pet fee you'd otherwise pay.

Other money-saving tips for traveling with a pet

Plan your ground transportation: If the local shuttle services don’t accept pets, you could end up paying a much higher price to get to the hotel. It helps to call the hotel concierge and ask about transportation options both to the hotel and around town. Many ride share services will accept pets in some capacity. For example, Uber Pet is available in most cities, which explicitly allows you to jump in an Uber alongside your furry friend (though Uber pet rides are typically more expensive than standard UberX rides).

(Photo courtesy of Uber)

Don't count on your emotional support animal to fly for free: In past years, you may have traveled with your emotional support animal for free. That’s no longer the case. These days, all pets are subject to pet policies and fees on all of the major airlines we reviewed.

That’s due to a December 2020 ruling from the U.S. Department of Transportation that eliminated a requirement that airlines allow emotional support animals free of charge. By early 2021, all of the major airlines announced that they would no longer recognize emotional support animal air travel.

Certified service animals are still permitted at no additional cost under the Air Carrier Access Act.

Hold the right credit card: Because pet policies can differ within a chain, having a travel rewards credit card with multiple hotel options can be better than limiting yourself to just one brand.

Research pet-friendly activities and attractions: Additionally, find local attractions or outdoor restaurants that allow pets. Quite a few hotels will even serve your pet indoors in seating areas placed just outside of the restaurant.

How to maximize your rewards

You want a travel credit card that prioritizes what’s important to you. Here are our picks for the best travel credit cards of 2024 , including those best for:

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Flat-rate travel rewards: Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card

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Luxury perks: The Platinum Card® from American Express

Business travelers: Ink Business Preferred® Credit Card

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32 tips for traveling with pets

Taking your pet on your travels can be life-enhancing – here are some tips for traveling with pets.

Traveling with pets can be both a joy and a nightmare. While it is wonderful to share our adventures with our loyal four-legged companions, there are a lot of things to organize before going on a trip. But don't feel overwhelmed we've rounded up some top tips for traveling with a pet.

Naturally, the logistics will depend on the pet. A small animal kept in a cage has different requirements than dogs and cats. Some pets, particularly cats, are true home-birds and may be happier left at home with someone booked in to look after them. The simplest choice is usually to book your pets into a boarding facility. 

However, some of our pets just love to come with us wherever we go. The mere sight of a suitcase or mutterings about packing will send them into a depression. They may even try to get in the suitcase with some of their best dog toys to ensure they come too. This particularly applies to dogs, who long to be at the heart of the action, wherever that may take them. But everyone will enjoy the vacation all the more if you know how to travel with a dog .

Good preparation is key. If you have all the Is dotted and Ts crossed, you are set for a great adventure with your pet at your side. Let’s take a look at some of the considerations you need to make.

1. Visit the vet

Schedule an appointment with your vet to make sure that your pet is in great shape before the trip, and up to date with all vaccinations. If your pet is on any regular medication, you’ll need to stock up with sufficient supplies. 

Some airlines will require a current fit-to-fly health certificate, so find out if this is needed and book it before the veterinary check-up.

2. ID and microchip

In the UK, since 2016 it has been a legal requirement that all dogs are microchipped. They should also wear a collar with identification details to enable their owner to be located if the dog is lost. Enforced microchipping will also come into force for British cats from July 2024.

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In the US, microchipping is the law in certain states. While collars and tags are not a legal requirement, both forms of identification are highly recommended. This is particularly important given that you will be traveling your pet outside its familiar local area, in case it gets lost. 

Take a current picture of your pet with you, so that you can show police and vets if you do lose them. 

3. Research pet-friendly accommodation

Not all hotels, BnBs, and apartments accept pets, so always check while planning your trip. Some accommodation providers charge an extra fee for pets because of the additional cleaning required. 

There may be rules, such as that your pet is kept in a crate while you are not in the room; that they are not allowed on the furniture, and so on. Some may have restrictions on the size of the dog, or which type of pet you bring.

4. Pet carrier

A pet carrier is the safest way to transport your pet, as well as giving them a secure haven to rest in during what can be a stressful time traveling. Don’t skimp on quality – your pet may be restricted to this crate for long periods during travel, so it should be sufficiently roomy, well-ventilated, and sturdy. Investing in one of the best cat carriers or the best dog crates is well worth it.

If you are taking your pet on an airplane, check that your crate complies with airline regulations. 

5. Get them used to the carrier

The first time that your pet uses his carrier should not be on the day of your trip. Buy the carrier well in advance and familiarize them gradually, making it a really inviting place with blankets, their favourite toys, and some of the best puppy treats . Leave it open the first few times you try, so that they don’t feel claustrophobic and can come and go as they please. Once they are relaxed and content inside, feeling like it is a good place, then you can shut the door and reward them. 

6. Take familiar items

If your pet has never left home before they are likely to take some time to settle into their new surroundings. They will be pacified by your presence, but it will also help to take their blankets and any familiar toys as these will smell of home and provide comfort. 

7. Practice car rides

Owners vary on how often they take their pet in the car with them, but particularly for those who don’t travel often, it’s really important to familiarize them with the motion of traveling and the sensation of being in the car. Assuming you will be using a pet carrier, being comfortable in this needs to be well established before you go off on vacation so that jumping in the car for a trip feels like second nature – and a chance for an adventure with you.

Take them to places they will love, like one of the best dog walks in the US for a couple of hours’ walk, so they associate the car with good things.

8. Make the car secure and safe

You wouldn’t drive your child around without a seatbelt, and nor should you travel with your pet without appropriate restraints. A pet seatbelt/harness or a carrier is ideal.

Not only is it risky for your dog in case you have an accident or have to brake sharply, but it’s also dangerous to have a loose dog – especially one that doesn’t sit still – distracting the driver. So having them in the best dog car harness is the safest option for everyone.

9. Pack essentials

Depending on the length of your journey, it’s advisable to have a little travel bag with all your pet essentials for the duration. This will include water and a vessel for drinking out of, any medications, treats, and sufficient food for the journey. However, you should not feed much to pets either before or during the journey as it may make them uncomfortable or cause motion sickness.

Always pack a little extra of everything in case you suffer a breakdown or get caught in a traffic jam. 

10. Assemble pet first-aid kit

Pack a first-aid kit so that you can attend to any cuts and scrapes while you’re out and about. You can buy a ready-made kit with all the essentials, or assemble one yourself.

This should include items such as a tick remover, tweezers, saline and antiseptic solution, pet wrap, bandages, scissors, and an ice pack.

If your pet is on any regular medication, don’t forget to include a sufficient supply.

11. Check the weather forecast

Are you ready for the weather at your destination? Check the weather forecast and pack accordingly.

If it‘s going to be wet, you may need to take extra towels (the hotel won’t thank you for drying a muddy dog with theirs), a waterproof coat, and a drying robe. Snowy weather might necessitate a warm coat if they are not used to sub-zero temperatures unless you have one of the best dog breeds for cold climates .

Hot weather should make you assess your plans. If you had long walks scheduled in the middle of the day, you may want to move these to dawn and dusk when it’s cooler. Take travel doggy water bottles so that your dog can drink while out and about. You can also take a parasol for shade, and a cooling jacket or mat for pets. Dogs may also benefit from shoes to prevent them from burning their pads on the pavement.

Remember that if the climate at your destination is very different from what your dog or pet is used to, they will need time to acclimatize and should not be thrown into a busy program of activities while they settle in.

12. Plan rest breaks

If you have a long drive, plan rest breaks where you can stop, let your pet out of its carrier, have a drink, stretch, and go to the bathroom.

Vets typically advise that any trip over four hours should incorporate rest breaks every two to four hours for 15 minutes or so. Younger animals may need to stop more frequently. 

Let’s face it, you’ll probably want to stop too!

13. Research vets at your destination and along the route

Always prepare for the worst and hope for the best. By doing some research to find out contact details, including out-of-hours, for the nearest recommended vets both at your destination and along the route, you will have peace of mind that if your pet should suffer an injury or illness while you’re on vacation, you know exactly whom to call to get the best possible help. 

Chances are you won’t need it, but not being prepared will add another layer of stress you don’t need if there is an emergency.

You can search a list of veterinary and pet emergency hospitals in the US at the American Animal Hospital Association .

14. Know pet policies on your chosen transport

Unless you are planning to travel exclusively by your own car, check the pet policies on all modes of transport you want to use. For example, some taxis allow pets, some don’t. Many will charge an extra fee for cleaning. 

Ferries often allow dogs, but they usually stay in the car on the vehicle deck or have a specific kennel area. 

Airlines have specific regulations depending on whether it is a national or international flight, and so do trains, buses, and trams. Many require the pet to be crated, and some of these vary in rush hour, or according to the size of the pet.

15. Update contact information

Have you checked that your pet’s microchip is correctly linked to your current address? Many owners never change it from the breeder to which it was originally registered. 

Does your dog tag have your current phone number and address? Make sure these are all updated well in advance of your departure date to avoid any last-minute panic (or – at worst – your lost dog not being able to be reunited with you).

16. Research pet-friendly attractions

Not every place that humans want to visit is up your pet’s street. Furthermore, many attractions do not welcome dogs. This includes some areas that you might imagine would be perfect dog-walking territory, such as some national parks and beaches. Luckily, there are many options for the best places to take your pet on vacation to make things easier.

You shouldn’t leave your dog back at your accommodation all day, especially in an unfamiliar place, so always check while you are planning your adventures that your dog will be welcome to join you, and be aware that it will often have to be on a leash.

17. Stick to your pet’s routine

Long journeys often throw our routines out of whack, and that’s normal, but once you have arrived, try to get straight back into the normal schedule so that your pet knows what to expect and when.

He may be feeling very unsettled in the new environment, possibly a different climate, and feel out of sorts after long hours traveling, so getting back on track will help bring some order back into his life. Food, hydration, exercise, and sleep should help put him back on schedule.

18. Make your holiday accommodation pet-safe

The chances are that at home you have various barriers and locks to keep your pet in the right place – or at least a trained understanding that he sticks to certain areas (for example, not on the couch or up the stairs). But your temporary accommodation is unlikely to be rigged up exactly to suit your usual arrangements. Perhaps there’s easy access to a front door that opens out onto a busy road, or a balcony with bars wide enough for a pet to slip through. 

When you arrive at the accommodation, go around and note all the potential danger areas, and work out how you can make them safe, for example by limiting the pet to a certain room or blocking an entrance. 

19. Pack for comfort

It can be tempting when trying to keep the baggage under a certain limit to leave luxuries behind. However, your dog will settle and sleep best if given a familiar and comfortable bed to rest on, it might be worth considering one of the best dog travel crates.

The floors may be hard, rather than carpeted, and travel crates are typically not padded – so make sure you have plenty of comfortable bedding. Likewise in the car, give him plenty of padding so that he is not stiff after a long journey with restricted movement. 

20. Take grooming essentials

Grooming might not be top of your to-do list while on vacation, but you don’t want to find you need to use your own hairbrush to detangle mats out of your dog’s ears. Take a selection of grooming essentials so that you aren’t caught short. For instance, some dog shampoo in case he rolls in something foul-smelling, a comb to get rid of mats, and some of the best dog nail clippers.  

And of course, don’t neglect their dental hygiene. Dogs’ teeth should be brushed daily, so take one of the best toothbrushes for dogs and toothpaste.

Another tip is some spare towels, as your accommodation provider will not thank you for using their towels to dry off your dog.

21. Cleaning equipment and poop bags

Unfortunately, accidents happen, especially in young and elderly pets. Any pet can make a mistake when they are in unfamiliar surroundings and are not sure where and when to do their business. More irritatingly, some pets – male dogs in particular – decide that a new place is a territory that needs to be marked, so be on the lookout for this as they will need close supervision. The American Kennel Club has advice on curbing the issue of dog marking .

Take cleaning equipment so that you can ensure your temporary accommodation is left smelling sweet and looking clean. And don’t forget the poop bags!

22. Hydration

While it’s not advised to feed your pets while they are physically traveling, water is essential, so ideally have water available for them during the journey or offer it regularly. You can buy travel water bowls that don’t spill.

Dogs on average drink up to 1oz of water for every pound of bodyweight a day. Cats drink far less. So a 60lb Labrador will need up to five cups of water.

Without sufficient water, they will become dehydrated and prone to overheating. They are likely to require more water in hot weather than cold. 

23. Research pet-friendly restaurants and cafes

It’s wonderful to run into a cafe for a cappuccino or a beer after a long walk. But check beforehand that dogs are allowed. Many do welcome dogs and even have a water bowl for hydration and treats to show they’re dog-friendly. 

Fancier restaurants may not be so keen on dogs, and it may also depend on the size. A chihuahua is less likely to cause a stir than a mastiff. 

24. Prevent motion sickness

Many dogs suffer motion sickness, particularly younger ones, and they often grow out of it by the time they are a year old. You may be able to desensitize them by regular very short trips gradually building up. 

Travel your dog on an empty stomach, as this will help reduce nausea. Supply water, and keep the temperature cool. 

For cats, desensitization can be trickier, so may take longer to condition them, but the same goes – short trips building up, cool temperatures, and withholding food before a journey.

For both dogs and cats, there are also medications available for preventing motion sickness, so consult your vet to see what is recommended. Most sedatives are not permitted on airlines, so make sure you are aware of the regulations.

25. Sedation

While it may be tempting to administer a sedative to your pet to enable them to sleep through the journey and reduce stress levels, the American Veterinary Association advises against this, and in fact, airline regulations usually prohibit it. This is because sedatives affect coordination and balance, which your pet may need during a bumpy ride. 

However, tranquilization is an option because it reduces anxiety without causing drowsiness, so this may be considered in consultation with your vet. 

26. Temperature control

On flights, pets are not permitted to fly in very hot or very cold temperatures for the sake of their safety and wellbeing. This may affect your destination or the season in which you travel.

According to the United States Department of Agriculture , temperatures should not exceed 85ºF or be cooler than 45ºF for a period of more than four hours.

During travel in your own personal transport, keep the temperature relatively cool as this will help reduce stress levels and the chance of dehydration, both of which will make for an unpleasant and uncomfortable traveling experience for your pet. 

Pets should never be left in cars, particularly in hot or sunny weather as the inside temperature can rise very quickly with fatal results.  

27. Unfamiliar noises

As some pets are more anxious than others, you may find yours is scared of the unfamiliar noises in your temporary accommodation. Perhaps there are thunderstorms, a loud road nearby, or wildlife. The best way to help them deal with this is to distract them, often by playing with them, engaging them in one of the best dog puzzle toys , or their own squeaky toy that makes a familiar noise. Pack these sorts of distractions to bring out when you need them. 

28. Research quarantine requirements

If you are crossing any international borders, check quarantine requirements months in advance. Many countries require your pet to have had specific vaccinations. The big one is rabies – some rabies-free countries, such as the UK, require vaccination and health checks in the 24-hours before traveling from certain countries, and compulsory quarantine from other countries regardless of vaccination status. 

29. Respect other travelers

You clearly adore your pet, otherwise, why would you take the trouble to travel with them? However, as with small children, many other travelers do not feel the same way. Some will have boarded their pets so they can enjoy a vacation free of barking and dog poop! 

So be respectful of their privacy and don’t let your pet encroach on their personal space. You should keep them on a leash whenever necessary, curb any barking and always clear up their poop.

30. Be patient and calm

Traveling is stressful for everyone. But at least the humans know where they are going, and how long the journey should take. Pets are at the mercy of our decisions. They are likely to feel some level of stress during the journey, so help them to stay settled by being patient and calm yourself, and the vibes will comfort them. You’re in control, and they will draw on that.

31. Pet-friendly apps

There are stacks of great apps to help you plan your itinerary, where dogs are welcome, local emergency services, nearby dog walkers and even put you in contact with other pet owners who can give recommendations and support. 

In the US, BringFido and BarkHappy are recommended for dog owners; while Rover is useful for both dog and cats. 

32. Pre-travel exercise

Give your dog plenty of exercise the day you travel so that he will be happy to lie down and enjoy the enforced resting period during the journey, especially if your dog is one of the high energy dog breeds .

Play with your cat, with one of the best automatic laser cat toys or other toys so that they have had sufficient stimulation. 

Martha is an experienced journalist working in both print and digital media. She specializes in the canine, equine and rural sphere where she has covered a wide range of topics from cloning animals and the ingredients for a perfect yard dog, to helping owners find the best canine GPS trackers on the market. When she’s not busy writing about dogs and horses, she’ll be found either aboard a horse or looking after the menagerie of pets in her care. 

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How to Travel With a Dog in a Car: An Expert Guide

Heading out on the road with your dog soon? Read this guide first to make sure the car ride is an enjoyable, safe experience.

Planning on taking your dog on the road with you?

If so, you may be wondering how to travel with a dog in car — safely and smoothly.

Before you start your trip, read the tips below.

In this expert guide to traveling with a dog in a car, we’ll cover:

• How to keep your dog safe
• Which harnesses or carriers are best for dogs in cars
• Tips for taking a dog on longer trips in a car
• What about letting a dog ride in the back of a pickup truck?
• How you can prevent motion sickness in your dog before a car ride
• And much more!

So buckle up, and let’s begin…

Part 1: How to Keep Your Dog Safe in the Car

Prevent a tragedy — vow right now to make sure your dog is properly restrained whenever you take them with you in the car.

The expense and slight inconvenience of using the appropriate vehicle safety items is well worth the risk.

Plus, restraining the dog also keeps them from moving around the car and distracting you while you’re driving.

Safely Restraining Your Dog in a Car

Dog harness.

First, get a harness for your dog.

If you restrain your dog using only a collar, your pet may get strangled if you get into a wreck, especially if you rear-end someone. A harness may protect the dog’s neck and spine.

We prefer fabric harnesses that wrap around the dog’s neck and torso. Many also have a loop on the top through which you can thread the seat belt.

The PoyPet No-Pull Dog Harness  has a reflective vest, a leash connection on both the front and back, and (last we checked) was less than $20. Worth every penny.

Dog seat belts attach to harnesses, keeping your dog immobilized in the back seat.

There are 2 basic models:

• Those that attach to your car’s seat belt
• Those that clip into the “female” end of the seat belt lock

Either kind will work. Choose the one that works best for your car.

This strap from PetSafe is adjustable and easy to use.

Remember: Don’t attach the seat belt to your dog’s collar — attach it to the dog’s harness instead, to avoid strangulation.

Booster Seat

A small dog who loves to look out the car window will enjoy having a booster seat.

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Designed to fit in your back seat, booster seats are secured with your automobile’s seat belt, around which you clip a dog seat belt that you attach to the harness.

These specialized seats not only provide a safe place for travel but they also act as a comfortable dog bed. Most are made out of sturdy foam core topped with fabric and fleece. Add a blanket, and you’re good to go.

Booster seats provide maximum comfort and a view for your pup. They last a long time.

Here’s a highly rated car booster seat for small dogs sold by a company called Kurgo.

Dog Carrier

The safest way to transport your dog? In the back seat, confined to a hard-sided dog carrier (also called a travel kennel or crate) that you’ve secured with a seat belt.

In the event of a car accident, your dog should be well protected in a carrier.

The Petmate Ultra Vari Kennel is billed as being heavy-duty and secure for a safe and comfortable travel experience.

But according to the Center for Pet Safety (CPS), this exact crate was “far and away the most impressive crate” that this safety organization tested. It “was able to withstand the most significant forces generated in testing,” the CPS reported.

A few dog carrier tips for car travel:

• Make sure that whatever carrier or crate you get is large enough for your dog to stand, sit, lie down and turn around in.
• Place the carrier in the back seat, and then thread the seat belt through the handle. (Unsecured carriers can slide around on the seat.)
• Avoid putting too many items in the carrier that take up space or could cause injury to your dog.

Don’t Take a Chance on Safety

Pets aren’t children, but with respect to car travel, you should treat dogs as you would young kids.

Your dog should always sit in the back seat, secured with a safety restraint. Don’t let them ride in the front seat.

Yes, small dogs are cute and may fit in your lap perfectly, but you should not drive this way or allow your small dog to lie on a dashboard or other areas in the vehicle. This causes a distraction for you and increases your dog’s chances of being injured.

Getting a Dog Used to the Carrier

If your dog is not familiar with a carrier, try using it in the home before your trip to get your dog accustomed to it:

• Leave the door open.
• Place some of your dog’s favorite things inside to spark curiosity.

More Dog Carrier Tips for Car Trips

• Make sure that the carrier has enough ventilation to allow air to pass through freely, either through gated areas or holes.
• If your dog makes a mess inside the carrier during the trip, carry the carrier to a confined area such as a bathroom before letting your dog out. This lets you clean the carrier without the risk of your dog running away.

Part 2: Advice for Traveling With a Dog on Longer Car Trips

Be aware of the temperature.

This is an important topic for any pet when it comes to car travel.

Be aware of what the temperature will be at your destination and along the way, and never leave your dog in the car.

It takes only a few minutes for the temperature to rise to dangerous levels inside a vehicle, even in mild temperatures such as 75 degrees Fahrenheit. Lowering the car windows is not an effective way to ventilate the car — and may even allow your dog to escape.

The same can be said for the cold: Dogs can get hypothermia or die from dangerously low temperatures. Keep extra blankets with you, and again — don’t leave your dog in the car.

Hotels, Motels and Camps

If your trip includes staying overnight, check with the place you will be staying to learn about the pet policies, costs and other concerns.

If you plan to find a place to sleep as you go, make a list of dog-friendly places along the way so you know which ones to head to first.

See the Vet Before Long Car Trips With Your Dog

A vet visit is a good idea before a trip, especially for longer trips.

The dog’s veterinarian can check their health and make sure travel will be fine. Discuss sedation with your vet if you feel your dog will be stressed, anxious or have significant issues during travel. (See the next section on ways to prevent motion sickness.)

Do not self-medicate your dog or give your medications created for humans or other animals — these could be deadly.

• Consider getting your dog microchipped before the trip.
• Traveling across states, you may be asked to produce your dog’s rabies vaccination information. Take a copy of your dog’s records, as well as a current photograph in case your dog gets lost.
• Keep a copy of the paperwork and a picture of your pet in 3 places: your car, taped to the carrier and with you at all times. Add your contact information so someone finding your dog can contact you.
• Make sure your dog has a current tag on their collar — and bring an extra one in case it needs to be replaced while you are on the road.

Food and Water

• Limit your dog’s food intake before traveling to reduce the possibility of sickness or nausea.
• Take extra pet food and snacks with you for stops or for when you reach your destination. Stores may not have your dog’s usual brand of food, and changing food during a stressful situation such as travel might be a combination that causes stomach upset, diarrhea or other unpleasantness for your dog.
• Finally, take bottled water — and lots of it — with you on your trip.
• Try to plan stops every 3–4 hours to ensure your dog has ample opportunities to stretch, potty, drink water and get a break from the car.
• Don’t forget to bring along poop bags and/or a scooper to clean up after your dog.
• Keep your dog leashed on walks.

Talk to the Kids

If you are traveling with children, talk to them about allowing the dog to enjoy personal space without distraction.

Discuss behaviors they shouldn’t do, such as:

• Hitting or shaking the carrier
• Feeding the dog their food or snacks
• Teasing, hitting, pulling, or opening the crate — or releasing the harness

Any of these behaviors can add stress to your dog, and the goal is to keep your dog as comfortable and happy as possible while the dog is traveling in the car.

Part 3: How to Prevent Motion Sickness in Your Dog

Did you know 1 in 6 dogs suffers from motion sickness?

If you have a motion-sick dog, then you have our sympathy. Knowing your dog will arrive shivering and salivating (at best!) takes the fun out of a car trip.

Some dogs even learn to anticipate the feelings of nausea, and this makes them reluctant to even get in a car.

If you avoid car travel with your dog or always travel with a full cleanup kit, help is at hand. But don’t expect a quick fix — the answer takes time and dedication.

Positive Associations

Some dogs only have to see a car to start drooling because they link road travel to feeling sick.

This makes them unwilling to get into the car, which means you end up forcing the dog in — which only adds to the dog’s anxiety and feelings of unease.

Put an end to this vicious circle by teaching your dog to associate the car with good things.

• Play with your dog’s favorite toy in the back seat of your parked car.
• End each session on a high by giving them a treat.
• Hop out to go for a walk before they get anxious.
• Reward them for being calm while inside the car with another tasty food treat, and praise their bold behavior.

Another option includes spending at least a couple of weeks engaging the dog in a game inside the car but with the doors open so your pet doesn’t feel trapped.

Also try other strategies, such as feeding meals inside the car (perhaps invest in a waterproof seat cover) so your dog sees the car as an extension of the home.

Once the dog is willingly jumping into the vehicle, you’re ready to progress. Take things slow, though — move on to the next stage only when your dog’s tail is in the air rather than between their legs.

Introduce one new change at a time, giving them plenty of time to accept each step.

A retraining journey includes:

• Shutting the car doors
• Starting the engine but keeping the car in park
• Reversing a few feet, then driving back to the parked position
• A short, straight drive up the road
• A short drive around the block, then back into the drive
• A short drive in the neighborhood

All the while, remember the 3 golden rules:

• Praise their calmness.
• Stop before they become distressed.
• End on a positive note.

Car Climate

There’s nothing worse than a hot, stuffy car for making me feel sick when traveling, and the same is true for dogs.

• Make sure the vehicle is cool with fresh air circulating. It also helps some dogs if they can see out of a window — for smaller dogs, consider a booster seat or dog pod.
• Most dogs travel best with a handful of dry biscuits in their stomach, given 1–2 hours beforehand, rather than traveling with a totally empty stomach.
• Stop frequently to let your dog stretch his legs and drink water.

Travel Medications

If you have an urgent journey to make, you may not have the time to desensitize your dog to car travel.

Medication may be your best way forward. At least then the dog will be spared the nausea associated with car travel.

Some people swear by traditional remedies, such as ginger or peppermint. There are also herbal options, such as skullcap and valerian, or quick fixes such as Rescue Remedy.

That said, these are not scientifically proven to be effective, and it’s best not to rely on them, especially for a long trip.

There are also these medications:

• Acepromazine (ACP): This is a sedative with an anti-motion sickness action. ACP isn’t suitable for short journeys, as the dog is groggy for around 8 hours. Also, some dogs have an adverse reaction where they become “hyper” rather than sedated, so test it out before committing to a long journey.
• Maropitant (Cerenia): This drug acts on the nausea center in the brain and turns it off. This makes it the ideal motion sickness tablet — it works for 24 hours without sedating the dog. The only drawback is the price.

Here are a few more great tips from Pet Health Network:

In short, reintroduce the car as a fun place to be, and use medication to stop your dog from feeling sick.

By preventing nausea and building new associations, you’ll find that along this path lies the promise of stress-free car travel with your dog.

Part 4: Why Are Dogs Still Riding in the Back of Trucks?

You’re driving down the road, windows open, hair blowing in the wind and music blaring.

It’s a gorgeous, sunny day that’s absolutely perfect for a road trip.

Until you spot something that puts a knot in your stomach — someone’s dog is freely riding in the bed of their pickup truck.

Not only that, but also you see the driver look down to switch the radio station, only to swerve away from the curb after looking back up. The dog, of course, bumps hard into the side of the truck bed, almost losing balance. The sight makes you cringe.

What do you do? There must be a law against something like this, right?

The straight answer is yes, there are laws against driving with dogs in the back of pickup trucks.

Unfortunately, those laws are sparse and certainly not all-encompassing.

According to the Animal Legal and Historical Center, as of 2017, only 5 U.S. states had laws in place to keep dogs out of truck beds:

• Connecticut
• Massachusetts
• New Hampshire
• Rhode Island

Even in those states, there are exceptions to the law.

How Dangerous Is it to Let a Dog Ride in the Back of a Truck?

DMV.org reports that thousands of dogs are killed each year riding in the back of pickup trucks.

That number doesn’t even account for all the injuries that don’t lead to deaths.

You know how gravel and dirt sometimes spray onto your windshield, resulting in tiny cracks in the glass? A dog riding in a truck bed is susceptible to that same gravel and dirt spray. If it’s forceful enough to crack a windshield, there’s no doubt it can harm a dog’s eyes, nose or even lungs if it’s breathed in.

Of course, there are also more obvious consequences, like a dog being thrown from the truck (or being slammed against the back of the cab) if the driver slams on the brakes or swerves.

How Dogs Can Ride Safely in a Truck

Drivers of pickup trucks should always ride with their dogs in the cab and strap them to the seat with a dog-friendly car restraint.

Yes, there are ways to secure crates to a truck bed, but even then, gravel and dirt could potentially damage a dog’s ears, eyes and throat.

And yes, there are ways to cross-tether a dog in a truck bed to prevent them from falling or jumping, but the same dangers remain.

The only real solution when taking your dog for a ride, no matter what kind of vehicle, is to safely secure them with a dog car seat or harness (in the back seat).

Sure, taking that extra step might delay the trip by a few minutes. But isn’t potentially saving lives worth it?

• Center for Pet Safety. “Gunner Kennel G1 Intermediate.” June 2015. https://www.centerforpetsafety.org/cps-certified/gunner-kennel-g1-intermediate/ .
• Becker, Marty, DVM et al. From Fearful to Fear Free: A Positive Program to Free Your Dog From Anxiety, Fears and Phobias . Fear Free, LLC. 2018.
• Horwitz, Debra, DVM, DACVB, and Gary Landsberg, DVM, DACVB, DECAWBM. “Air and Car Travel.” VCA Hospitals. 2013. https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/dog-behavior-and-training-traveling-air-and-car-travel .
• DMV.org. “Traveling With Your Pet.”  https://www.dmv.org/how-to-guides/pet-travelling.php .

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9 Tips for Bringing Your Pet on a Road Trip

By Perri O. Blumberg

All products are independently selected by our editors. If you buy something, we may earn an affiliate commission.

Road trip planning is tedious enough with all the work of mapping routes, packing, and booking lodging. But traveling with pets adds another layer of stress. In fact, it can make you feel like, well, you need a vacation from your vacation. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends against traveling right now to avoid spreading or contracting COVID-19 , you may be thinking about a road trip in the future. And when that time comes, you might consider bringing a pet.

First, you’ll want to decide whether your pet can realistically make the trip. Older, sick, or overly anxious animals may not be up for the journey. And sometimes, pets just don’t like traveling, period. Consider asking your veterinarian about a reputable boarding facility or finding a pet sitter to care for your animal if they aren’t suited for traveling. If they are, here are a few tips to help make sure you don’t have a hair-raising experience. (We realize that people might travel with all sorts of pets, however, the following advice pertains to cats and dogs since those are the most common pets people might bring along for the ride.)

1. Keep pets safe and secure in the car.

It may be a lot more enjoyable, but for everyone’s safety, it’s best not to let pets roam free or sit on your lap in the car. Cats and small dogs should be in a carrier, according to the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA). If you don’t already own a carrier, or if you have one and can afford to upgrade, some options expand out so pets have more space. This Siivton Pet Carrier ( Amazon , $40) can hold either a small dog or a cat and may help improve your pet’s comfort during the ride.

Larger dogs that don’t comfortably fit in a carrier should have their own seat, and you should restrain them by attaching their harnesses to the seat belts, according to the AVMA . If traveling in a truck , it’s best to keep pets inside of the vehicle and not in the truck bed. (If this is your only option due to space issues, your animal will probably be happier staying with a pet sitter or at a boarding facility. It’s really best not to travel with your pet in the bed of your truck unless absolutely necessary. And if you do, be sure that the kennel is tightly secured to your car.) Although your animals may love fresh air, it’s safest if they don’t poke their heads out the window when you're in transit. Your poor dog or cat can get sick if debris flies into their eyes, ears, or nose. (If you're parked somewhere, though, you can let them stick their head out the window for some fresh air as long as you have them restrained properly so they can't escape.) And lastly, don’t leave your animals unattended in the car even if it doesn't feel warm outside, especially if you're traveling in hotter months. It can get 19 degrees hotter in your parked car after just 10 minutes, according to the AVMA . And, surprisingly, cracking the windows doesn’t help avoid that.

2. Practice traveling with your pet ahead of time.

If your road trip is months away, then you can use that time to help your pet get comfortable being in the car, says Kimberly K. Baumgart , certified applied animal behaviorist (CAAB), from Kansas City, Kansas. She recommends trying the following:

• Ideally, your pet’s first auto experience is positive. One way to help make this happen is by placing your animal and their favorite toys inside a parked car. This allows them to become familiar with the new environment without the stress of traveling . You may want to practice putting your pet in the car with their carrier if you plan to use one.
• After your pet is comfortable sitting in the parked car in their carrier or harness, go for a quick 10-minute drive. Offering your pet a treat after the ride or visiting a fun destination (such as a dog park) can reinforce a positive association, according to the AVMA .
• Practice traveling with your dog or cat every other day and gradually increase the duration of a trip. Usually, one month is enough time for your pet to adapt to road trips.

By Julia Sullivan

By Julia Craven

By Julia Ries

Baumgart says it’s best to start traveling with animals when they’re young, meaning it’s not a bad idea to take a new puppy or kitten on a road trip if at all possible. “An animal that gets used to car travel from childhood will not perceive it as a stress,” she says.

3. Research your accommodations’ pet policies.

Picture this: You just drove seven long hours to North Carolina and are ready to relax only to discover your dog is about 30 pounds over your hotel’s weight limit for pet entry. Eek.

Review the details of your hotel or Airbnb’s pet policy before booking your accommodations. “Knowing that your friends stayed in a given hotel with their affenpinscher is not enough,” Baumgart tells SELF. She recommends doing your own research about a property’s pet restrictions, such as breed or weight policies.

“If you have more than one animal, you should find out if several animals are allowed, and be sure to find out if you can leave your pet unattended in a room,” Baumgart says. Your best bet is to call the receptionist for the most up-to-date information.

4. Pack a pet-specific supply kit.

Karen Lynn C. Sueda , doctor of veterinary medicine (DVM) and board-certified animal behaviorist in Los Angeles, advises checking with your veterinarian for their specific recommendations on this one. But generally, you’ll need all the basics : Food , medications, leash, collar, bowls, water, kitty litter, litter box, toys, waste bags, and something to catch waste if necessary, like All-Absorb potty pads ( Amazon , $20). For example, potty pads can be handy for lining the bottom of your cat’s crate so they can use the bathroom before you reach your destination. You can discard used ones when you stop for driving breaks.

5. Prepare for emergencies.

“Before your trip, make sure your pet's identification or microchip information is up-to-date in the event that you and your pet become separated,” Sueda says. “You may also want to consider a pet GPS tracker, which can help locate your pet if they become startled and run off or get lost.” This one from Bartun easily fits on dog and cat collars ( Amazon , $90).

Speaking of pet tech, Sueda is a fan of the Pawprint app , which makes it easy to retrieve your pet's medical records —from medications to vaccination schedules—right from your mobile device. “This is incredibly important if you run into an emergency situation or your pet has a health issue while traveling,” she says, adding that your pet's vaccinations and parasite-prevention treatments should be current before traveling.

6. Expend some of your pet’s energy before the trip.

Give your animal an opportunity to break a sweat before you load them into your car for the drive. “Taking a long walk with your dog, enjoying a game of fetch, or blocking out interactive playtime with your cat can help expend energy, get rid of nerves, and tire your pet out for long car rides,” Sueda says. Although there are plenty of good reasons why physical activity is great for your pets, one is that over time it may actually help them be more well-adjusted for new stressors like road trip travel. Dogs that were less physically active tended to be more fearful in new situations compared to those that participated in weekly training or activities, according to an August 2020 study published in the journal Nature .  Increasing your pet’s physical activity in the days leading up to your trip (coupled with other calming strategies that we’ll talk about later) can make the drive a better experience for you and your pet, Sueda says.

7. Look into calming pet products or even anti-anxiety medication.

First, we want to be clear that you need to be cautious about using products of this nature without asking your vet first. For example, your dog or cat could get very sick from ingesting or being exposed to essential oils. (Even a few drops on your dog's or cat's skin can be harmful, according to VCA Hospitals .) 

If you have a canine, dog-appeasing pheromone scents may help soothe your pet, Sueda says. She recommends spraying dog-appeasing pheromone (you can buy this on Amazon for $16 or at a brick-and-mortar pet store) on a blanket 15 minutes prior to the car ride and placing it in the backseat or carrier with your pet.

Baumgart recommends spraying Feliway ( Amazon , $18), a cat-calming pheromone, onto cat toys, in your car, on your cat’s blanket, or the cat carrier, to help your feline relax. However, not every product works for every animal, so it’s a good idea to try them out at home first to see how your pet reacts.

“You should test how these products work with your cat or dog because every animal has its own temper and life experience,” Baumgart says.

If these products don't work, and you can't avoid bringing your pet on the road, then you can ask your vet about anti-anxiety medications that are safe for animals. 

8. Assign pet and kid duties to each adult if at all possible.

“If you travel with toddlers, it's optimal to have one adult responsible for your child and another one responsible for your pet,” Baumgart says. If you're traveling with a dog, this can be particularly helpful during rest stops because one parent can accompany the kid to the bathroom while the other takes the dog for a walk. (Or takes the cat for a walk, if you happen to have a cat who tolerates wearing a harness, is curious about the outdoors, and has all the preventive medication, like flea and tick protection, they need to safely explore outside.)

“Alternatively, an adult should travel in the back seat in the center with a pet and the child on either side,” Baumgart says. This may be the best option if at all possible because it allows the driver to pay full attention to the road. Of course, there won't always be more than one adult on the trip. In that case, thorough planning can help minimize some of the stress. 

9. Adjust their feeding schedules if necessary.

Experts often recommend skipping your dog or cat’s breakfast when traveling with pets since road trips can cause stomach discomfort and vomiting. In that case, you would feed your pet when you arrive at your destination. However, each animal has specific needs, so it’s best to ask your vet for advice. You may need to change up your animal’s eating schedule based on the length of your trip and your pet’s health. No matter their feeding schedule, animals need to stay hydrated , so be sure to stop and let your cats and dogs drink water. (And don’t forget to pick up after your dog when they go to the bathroom. This is a good time to switch out the potty pads in your cat’s carrier too.)

This article is presented by Volvo.

• 8 Ways to Keep Your Baby Calm and Content on a Road Trip
• 9 Road Trip Survival Tips From Parents Who Have Been There
• 7 Ways to Stay Safe When You’re on a Family Road Trip in the Future

SELF does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Any information published on this website or by this brand is not intended as a substitute for medical advice, and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional.

10 Best Bug and Mosquito Repellents of 2024, Tested by Experts

Keep the bugs away with these top-rated sprays, candles and backyard applications.

We've been independently researching and testing products for over 120 years. If you buy through our links, we may earn a commission. Learn more about our review process.

Best Overall

Thermacell e55 e-series rechargeable mosquito repeller.

Cutter Backyard Bug Control

Best Plant-Based

Lemongrass farms trek spray (twin pack).

OFF! Botanicals Insect Repellent

Best Device

Thermacell mosquito repellent lantern.

Best with DEET

Off deep woods insect repellent aerosol.

Best Candle

Murphy's naturals mosquito repellent candle.

Best for Clothing

Sawyer products premium permethrin clothing and gear insect repellent.

Best for Water

Summit mosquito dunks.

Best for Fleas and Ticks

Wondercide flea & tick spray.

The best mosquito repellant from our tests isn’t a conventional spray or candle. Instead it's a rechargeable device called the Thermacell E55 that creates a 20-foot zone of protection, say, around your campsite or outdoor dining area. It might sound too good to be true, especially since you can’t see or smell the heat-generated repellant as it works its magic, but in test after test it did a superb job of scaring off mosquitoes.

The one exception is when a stiff breeze is blowing, since it dissipates the repellant, though, of course, a stiff enough wind will also keep the bugs away. It also only repels mosquitoes, not ticks or other pests.

The E55 is incredibly easy to set up and operate. After charging the device with the provided USB cable, simply place it in the center of your desired zone of protection and hit the power button. It takes about 15 minutes for the repellant to heat up and create a full zone of coverage. A full battery provides five and a half hours of protection. The cartridge that contains the repellant will need to be replaced every 12 hours; a status indicator on the control panel lets you know how much protection you have left.

In addition to the simplicity and effectiveness of the E55, our experts like Thermacell's claim that its repellent uses EPA-reviewed pyrethroid as its active ingredient. Replacement fills are fairly affordable, costing about $20 for 40 hours of protection — good for plenty of hot summer nights.

Active ingredient : Pyrethroid | Application : Device

If you have a large yard that's often the scene of cookouts and games of capture the flag, you're best off creating a bug-free zone. This aggressive solution from Cutter is formulated to not just repel mosquitoes and other pests, but to kill them dead, using the EPA-registered insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin .

The big upside to sprays like Backyard Bug Control is their ease of use. Simply attach your hose to the sprayer bottle and you'll be able to reach every nook and cranny of your yard. A single bottle treats up to 5,000 square feet of landscaping, lawn and other outdoor terrain. Even rain or humid weather won't get in its way: It kills mosquitoes, ants, fleas, ticks and other insects for up to 12 weeks — all summer long, in other words.

Our experts caution that the product needs to be applied safely and according to the manufacturer's instructions. Keep it away from sewers and storm drains, where it could enter rivers, lakes and other waterways. If children or pets are present, it's important to keep them away until the spray is thoroughly dry.

Active ingredient : Lambda-cyhalothrin | Application : Yard spray

Lemongrass Farms is a newer name to the bug spray category. The brand touts its quick-drying, plant-based formula and its repellants didn't leave behind any oily residue in our initial tests. That's good for sporty types who don't want to worry about a golf club or tennis racket flying out of their hands.

"I like that the cans dispense the spray evenly, making it easy to apply," said Sabina Wizeman , director of the Beauty, Health and Sustainability Lab at the Good Housekeeping Institute. She also praised the textured surface of the spray bottle, which provides a firm grip, preventing it from slipping out of your hands.

Take note, however, that the Trek sprays leave behind a rather intense scent, so they're not ideal for indoor use. And since the essential oils they contain can cause allergies in some people, our experts recommend patch-testing a small area of your skin before applying the spray more widely over your body.

Active ingredient : Geranium oil, lemongrass oil, peppermint oil and cedarwood oil | Application : Body spray |

One of the oldest names in bug sprays is still up there with the best. The brand's Botanicals spray boasts an effective plant-based formula that's made with pine oil extract and lemon eucalyptus oil without added fragrances or dyes .

One of our testers has been using this for four consecutive summers now with her family, including spraying her kids' clothes before they go off to camp. "There have been the odd bug bites, but it generally provides several hours of protection," she said.

Off's repellent also works directly on skin. Just note that the brand recommends spraying in the palm of the hand, then spreading onto the face and neck to avoid getting into eyes. One more important caveat: The spray cannot be used on children under the age of 3 and it does need to be reapplied every two hours for maximum protection.

Active ingredient : p-Menthane-3,8-diol (pMd) | Application : Body spray

Like its brand-mate in this round-up, the Thermacell E55, this Thermacell device is meant to keep mosquitoes from flying into your space with the use of a odor-free, heat-activated repellent. Our product experts like that it also allows you to illuminate your patio or deck, thanks to its built-in, battery-powered lantern.

Operation is the same as with E55 and replacement fills cost the same: $20 for 40 hours of mosquito protection. However, it does not help with ticks or fleas.

To fend off bugs like ticks, biting flies, gnats and chiggers for hours on end, our experts recommend Off! Deep Woods Spray. Though the name suggest camping and hiking, it's also great for the golf course, since the spray repels mosquitoes for "the longest period of time of all sprays," said Ohio State University's Dr. Meuti.

Credit DEET, which accounts for 25% of the formula, with the repelling power of this aerosol spray. Meuti calls it one of the most effective mosquito repellents on the market, and that's been the experience with testers who have taken it into deep into nature and onto some of the buggiest golf courses around. One drawback is that it can leave skin slippery.

Active ingredient : DEET | Application : Body spray

Although it isn't a permanent solution, our experts say lighting a citronella candle is a tried-and-true way to temporarily ward off mosquitoes. This pick from Murphy's Naturals has more than 4,800 five-star Amazon reviews due to its 30-hour burn time, confirmed in our tests, and refreshing scent of rosemary, peppermint, citronella, lemongrass and cedarwood.

While we always remind consumers that ‘natural’ is not a regulated term, our review of the candle's active ingredients list found them to be plant-based botanical oils, which are considered minimum risk biopesticides by the EPA . Along with citronella , most of the other oils in this candle have also been shown to have some repellent efficacy against mosquitoes. It's not suited for indoor use.

If you're not a fan of candles, consider Murphy's Lemon Eucalyptus Oil Mosquito & Tick Repellant Spray , which the brand says can repel mosquitoes for up to six hours, deer ticks for up to four hours, and lone star and brown dog ticks for more than eight hours. The 2-ounce bottle is TSA-approved as a carry-on item, so it's ideal for travel.

Active ingredient : Rosemary oil, peppermint oil, citronella oil, lemongrass oil and cedarwood oil | Application : Candle

Spraying your clothes before heading out for a hike or a round of golf is one of the easiest ways to stay bug-free. In particular, reach for this permethrin -based product from Sawyer for one of the most effective strategies. The spray is so powerful and long-lasting that after you spray it directly onto clothes, it will last for several washe s .

It can also be applied to the exterior of outdoor gear like tents, sleeping bags and backpacks. "It will keep both ticks and mosquitoes away, so it's perfect for hiking or while gardening in the yard," said Meuti. But take note: Permethrin is toxic to cats, so pet lovers should opt for another repellant.

Active ingredient : Permethrin | Application : Clothing spray

Here's another option for eliminating mosquitoes at their source. Stick one of these small (but mighty) circles in any bird bath, pond, plant tray or flood-prone area up to 100 square feet to kill mosquito larvae for 30 days . Keep in mind that this isn't a solution for getting rid of existing bugs.

Don't worry about fish or other wildlife, said our expert team: BTI , the EPA-registered ingredient in this product, only kills mosquito larvae and is non-toxic to people, pets and other animals. Meuti gives a resounding "yes" to this mosquito repellent: "This is a great idea for reducing mosquito numbers on your property!"

Active ingredient : BTI | Application : Water treatment

Wondercide Flea & Tick Spray

For a plant-based option, treat up to 5,000 square feet with this spray from Wondercide, which uses a combination of cedarwood oil, sesame oil and sodium lauryl sulfate to kill mosquitoes, as well as fleas and ticks, at any and every stage of the life cycle.

Spray twice within two to 10 days to ensure that you're getting rid of all pests, and then continue to spray as needed. More applications are likely needed than with chemical sprays.

Our experts have also tried Wondercide's Insect Repellant , which uses a similar plant-based formula in a convenient 4-ounce bottle. Efficacy tests are ongoing, but both the rosemary and lemongrass formulas have a fairly mild scent and don't leave behind an oily residue.

Active ingredient : Cedarwood oil, sesame oil and sodium lauryl sulfate | Application : Yard spray

How we choose the best mosquito repellents

When choosing mosquito repellents, our experts start by gathering a list of the products most commonly found on store shelves and online. They look for a wide range of solutions for different scenarios, from candles designed for small decks and patios to backyard applications with claimed coverage areas of up to 5,000 square feet.

Our product experts then performed informal tests of the products in their own yards, when possible. In addition, our health and sustainability experts reviewed ingredient lists to ensure products are in accordance with guidelines set forth by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency .

What is the best thing to keep mosquitoes away?

There are a number of things to consider to limit mosquitos.

✔️ Repellent vs. insecticide: You need to decide whether your goal is to repel mosquitoes or kill them off completely. Repellents are best for small-scale, temporary relief (think: summer meals in the open air). Reach for an insecticide when your goal is to wipe out entire mosquito populations for weeks at a time, if not longer. To be clear, the insecticides that you use in your yard shouldn't be the same ones that you spray on your body and clothes.

✔️ Active ingredients: Always follow the guidelines set by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . This will help ensure that you're buying the most effective repellents that are also safe. All bug sprays marketed in the U.S. must contain EPA-registered active ingredients that can effectively repel mosquitoes, ticks and flies. (See below "How Do I Stop Mosquitoes From Biting Me?" for more info on these active ingredients.)

✔️ Yard maintenance: Aside from using top-of-the-line sprays and repellents, generally the best way to reduce mosquitoes is by emptying anything that holds water. "Remember the tip-and-toss rule," said Craig Stoops, chief science officer for Mosquito Authority , a pest control service. "Tip over items that you can’t dispose of to empty water where mosquito larvae may be found. Then toss any items in your backyard that you don’t need anymore that may be sources of mosquito breeding."

The EPA offers this additional checklist for eliminating mosquito habitats at their source:

• Drain standing water in rain gutters, old tires and buckets.
• Empty and change the water in birdbaths, fountains, wading pools, rain barrels and potted plant trays at least once a week.
• Keep swimming pool water treated and circulating.
• Replace your outdoor lights with yellow-hued lightbulbs that attract far fewer mosquitoes.

How do I stop mosquitoes from biting me?

A variety of active ingredients are deployed by brands in the battle against bugs. Here are the four most common:

✔️ DEET : It was once believed that DEET worked by interfering with a mosquito’s ability to detect humans by masking the scent of carbon dioxide (the gas we exhale with every breath) and lactic acid (a chemical that is in our sweat). However, more recent studies reveal that chemicals within DEET are repellent to mosquitoes, meaning that they have specific receptors within their antennae that allow mosquitoes to smell and avoid DEET if they smell it at a distance, said Meuti.

✔️ Picaridin: Another effective mosquito repellent, it's quite similar to DEET in the way that it can get mosquitoes to turn away from its scent, added Meuti.

✔️ IR3535: A synthetic amino acid, this repellent can bind to the same sensory receptor as DEET and picaridin, suggesting that this compound also smells bad and is avoided by mosquitoes.

✔️ Oil of lemon eucalyptus: For a more natural repellent, you may reach for this effective oil. It's designed for broad outdoor application and EPA-registered, unlike other essential oils like citronella, lemongrass and cedarwood oil, which are not registered because the EPA deemed they pose minimal risk to people. Note, however, that oil of lemon eucalyptus is not recommended for children under the age of 3.

Why trust Good Housekeeping?

The Good Housekeeping Institute provides expert reviews and advice on all things home-related, including lawn and yard care.

In his role as Director of the Home Improvement and Outdoor Lab, Dan DiClerico brings more than 20 years of experience to the Institute, having reviewed thousands of products for Good Housekeeping , as well as brands like This Old House and Consumer Reports.

For this report, DiClerico and our review team also worked closely with Sabina Wizeman , director of the Institute's Beauty, Health and Sustainability Lab, and Megan E. Meuti, P.h.D. , an assistant professor of entomology at Ohio State University.

Having written thousands of product reviews and how-to articles on all aspects of home ownership, from routine maintenance to major renovations, Dan (he/him) brings more than 20 years of industry experience to his role as the director of the Home Improvement & Outdoor Lab at the Good Housekeeping Institute . A one-time roofer and a serial remodeler, Dan can often be found keeping house at his restored Brooklyn brownstone, where he lives with his wife and kids.

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