3 2 1 travel rule

3-1-1 Rule for Liquids in Carry-on Bags

Find out what's allowed before you pack

When you're going through airport security on your next vacation or business flight, you might notice a posted rule by the Transportation Security Administration called the 3-1-1 Rule, which dictates how much liquid travelers are allowed in their carry-on bags. Still, you might not understand exactly what this regulation means for your traveling needs.

The 3-1-1 Rule refers to three core components that govern how many liquids you can bring in your carry-on bags: Each liquid must be in a 3.4-ounce or less container ("3"), all containers must be placed inside one clear quart-sized plastic bag ("1"), and each passenger is only allowed one plastic bag ("1").

In sum, the 3-1-1 Rule states that you can carry as much liquid as can fit inside 3.4-ounce containers that fit inside one plastic quart-sized bag; however, you can bring as much liquid as you feel comfortable carrying in your checked bags as long as these liquids do not violate other TSA regulations that dictate what you can and cannot fly with in general.

How to Pack Your Liquids in Carry-ons

Whether you're hoping to bring your favorite shampoo or conditioner on your weekend trip or need to take contact solution on your flight, you'll need to properly pack liquids to get them through the TSA security checkpoint without hassle.

You'll want to start by either buying travel-size bottles of your favorite products or by purchasing travel toiletry bottles , which you can buy online, at most supermarkets, or home goods stores, and filling them with enough of your favorite products to get you through your trip. Then pack each of these inside a quart-sized ziplock (or other sealable) plastic bag—you should be able to fit four or five.

It's recommended that you pack this bag of bottles in your carry-on last, on top of your clothing and other times, because you'll need to pull the bag out and put it in one of the security checkpoint bins to pass through the X-ray machine. You can also stow it conveniently in an outside zip pocket for easy access.

Liquids That Are and Aren't Allowed

You might be surprised to learn that you can bring travel-size bottles of alcohol in your carry-on or that you can't carry creamy dips or spread as a snack in your suitcase if it exceeds 3.4 ounces, but knowing these rules will help you avoid additional screening at the TSA checkpoint.

You can bring blenders (with blades removed), alcoholic beverages less than 3.4 ounces that do not exceed 70 percent in alcohol content, baby food, some canned foods, and even live lobsters, but you cannot bring gel heating pads, any wet foods that exceed 3.4 ounces, ice cream of any quantity, or firearms of any type. 

For a complete list of all items that are forbidden and permitted through TSA security checkpoints at airports, make sure to check out the TSA website before your flight—you can even snap a picture of an item you're questioning and ask them on the TSA Facebook page whether or not it is allowed.

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Airport Security Rules and Regulations

How to Pack a Carry-On Bag

Here's the 411 on the TSA's 3-1-1 liquids rule

We've all been there. Waiting in the Transportation Security Administration line only to hear agents call for a "bag check," often because a traveler had a liquid product in their carry-on that's over the allowed limit (or some sort of other prohibited item).

It's a process that can sure slow things down, particularly on the busiest travel days. As you pack for your trip and consider what to put in your carry-on or checked luggage, it's important to consider what the TSA's limits are for liquids and similar products.

Since September 2006, the TSA has gone by the 3-1-1 rule when it comes to those types of products, including items like toothpaste, shampoo, conditioner, mouthwash and lotion -- sunscreen included.

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In short, the 3-1-1 rule is: Each liquid you bring through the TSA checkpoint must be in a 3.4-ounce or smaller container ("3"), all containers must be placed inside one clear quart-size plastic bag ("1") and each passenger is only allowed one plastic bag ("1").

If you meet those requirements, you should get through security without issue. However, if your liquid items are larger than 3.4 ounces each, you'll have to leave them in your checked bag.

There are a few exceptions, though.

The TSA has kept in place a temporary pandemic exception to the rule, allowing up to 12 ounces of liquid hand sanitizer in carry-on baggage.

Part of this exception: The hand sanitizer will have to be screened separately since it's technically over the limit. You'll need to remove it from your bag before it goes through the scanner.

There are also exceptions for larger amounts of medically necessary liquids, gels and aerosols. You can bring those products in larger, "reasonable" quantities, the TSA's website says. However, you must declare those items to security officers at the checkpoint for inspection.

This could, obviously, take a little more time than if you're traveling without those items.

This exception doesn't include sunscreen, despite calls to relax sunscreen restrictions at TSA checkpoints. Like other liquid products, sunscreen bottles over 3.4 ounces must go in your checked luggage.

There are also many liquids you cannot bring with you .

You can bring creamy cheeses, liquid chocolate, liquid coffee, creamy dips and spreads, gravy, honey, hummus, ice cream, jam, jelly, juice, syrup, peanut butter, salad dressing, sauce, salsa, soda, soup and yogurt as long as they are in a container of less than 3.4 ounces according to the TSA .

Related: Should you get TSA PreCheck or Clear — or both?

And yes, you can bring your water bottle with you, even if it weighs more than 3.4 ounces — as long as it's empty. This can also be a great way to save money at the airport, since -- as the TSA points out -- many airports have filling stations for reusable water bottles.

When in doubt, consult the TSA's list of what you can carry through the airport and check with your airline.

Additional reporting by Clint Henderson and Sean Cudahy.

Everything You Need to Know About the TSA’s Liquid Limit

The tsa allows liquids under 3.4 ounces in your carry-on—but what’s considered a “liquid” isn’t always obvious..

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Don’t forget to remove your liquids when going through TSA screening.

Photo by Jaromir Chalabala/Shutterstock

Whether you’re a carry-on-only kind of person or not , knowing the Transportation Security Administration’s (TSA) liquid limits is essential for anyone who travels by plane in the United States. Yet understanding which of your toiletries, foods, and other items even count as “liquid”—let alone how best to pack them—can get confusing. Use this guide to understand the TSA’s rules and restrictions about liquids, common exceptions, and tips to help ensure your next airport security screening goes smoothly.

What is the TSA liquid limit?

The TSA’s liquid limit for carry-ons—known as the 3-1-1 rule—allows travelers to pack liquids, aerosols, gels, creams, and pastes under 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) in their carry-on bags. Passengers are allowed up to one quart-sized bag per person , or roughly nine 3.4-ounce containers in a single quart-sized bag. Anything more will have to go in a checked bag or risk being tossed out.

If your liquids are stored in containers larger than 3.4 ounces, even if there’s only 3.4 ounces left inside the bottle, you can’t bring them through security.

Completely empty bottles, such as your reusable water bottle , are allowed through the TSA checkpoint since (spoiler alert!) they don’t contain any liquids at that moment.

Which toiletries TSA allows in your carry-on

The TSA allows all of the following common toiletries in your carry-on only in containers that are 3.4 ounces or less:

• Shampoos and conditioners
• Lotions and sunscreen
• Gel hair products

In other words: yes, you can bring toothpaste, deodorant, and sunscreen through TSA checkpoints but only if they are in travel-sized containers.

Powders and powder-like substances, including baby powder and some makeup items, aren’t restricted in your carry-on bag. But if you’re carrying more than 12 ounces (350 milliliters) of a powder, you’ll need to place it in a separate bin for X-ray screening, and it may be subject to additional screening—so it’s a good idea to budget an extra few minutes at the security checkpoint if you think this might happen.

Tips for packing your toiletries in your carry-on

To comply with TSA regulations, invest in small, reusable toiletry bottles, like these capsules by Cadence.

Courtesy of Cadence

Especially if you don’t have TSA PreCheck , it’s helpful to pack all of your toiletries in a quart-sized (or smaller) clear plastic toiletry bag for screening. Although improved airport technology means that far fewer air passengers (both in PreCheck and non-PreCheck lines) will have to take their liquids out out of their carry-on, it’s still helpful to have all of your liquids in one bag just in case you get pulled aside for additional screening. For an upgrade from that large Ziplock, we recommend the standard-sized Clarity Jetset Case from Truffle ($88), which has a clear window panel and is comparable in size to a quart-sized bag.

Since toothpaste is considered a liquid, paste, or gel by the TSA, most of us toss those tiny one-ounce tubes in our carry-on bags. However, if you want to ditch the hard-to-recycle packaging, consider toothpaste tablets, an ecofriendly alternative that’s not subject to the 3-1-1 rule. We like Humankind’s fluoride toothpaste tablets ($12), which resemble small mints and turn to paste when you crush them between your teeth. Matador has also recently released a reusable toothpaste tube ($10), which you can fill (and refill) with your regular toothpaste.

For travel toiletries that are easy to rebottle (like shampoo or body wash), consider investing in reusable bottles or containers so you can always keep your preferred brand on hand. Some of our favorite TSA-approved toiletry bottles include:

Buy Now: GoToob three-pack of 3.4-ounce bottles, $30, rei.com

These easy-to-fill, leakproof silicone tubes are ideal for shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and body washes. GoToob’s line comes in a variety of sizes, ranging from 1.7 to 6 ounces, and are easy to clean between refills.

Matador FlatPack

Buy Now: $13 for one or $35 for three, matadorup.com

Each three-ounce, TSA-approved bottle is made from a durable, waterproof, nylon-based fabric. Like GoToob, they’re leakproof and easy to fill, but thanks to their flexible, fabric-like design, they will shrink to their contents, taking up less space in your pack. >> Read the full review of the Matador FlatPack

Buy Now: $14 for one or $74 for six, keepyourcadence.com

The refillable travel containers by Cadence are small, leakproof “capsules” that click together with magnets. At 0.56 ounces, they’re best for makeup and toiletries you don’t need much of—like a weekend’s worth of shampoo or a week of that under eye cream you only need a dab of.

Foods are subject to liquid limits

The TSA’s 3-1-1 rule applies to food too, meaning you’ll need to make sure any foods that count as liquids, gels, or pastes (like yogurt, peanut butter, pâté, jams, or that tasty pimento cheese spread you tried to bring home from Charleston) are less than 3.4 ounces or packed in your checked bag. There are some exceptions, like frozen foods and juice for babies, and the TSA’s website is the best resource to check for specific items.

Exceptions to TSA’s liquids rule: Full-sized liquids that you can bring through security

The TSA has several important exemptions to its liquids rule. You’re allowed to bring full-sized bottles of the following:

Hand sanitizer: Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the TSA currently allows travelers to bring up to 12 ounces of hand sanitizer in their carry-on bags. These will be screened separately.

Medication: You’re allowed to bring medically necessary liquids, aerosols, and gels through security. This also includes the ice or gel packs you may need to keep your medications cool. You are not required to store these items in a plastic, resealable bag, but you should remove them from your luggage and let the TSA officer know what you’ve packed.

Baby formula and breast milk: Like medication, you can bring freezer packs to keep these items cool, and you should remove them from your luggage and notify an agent when you go through security. More baby-related exceptions? Gel or liquid-filled teethers and canned or jarred baby food.

Of course, the final decision on whether an item is allowed through the checkpoint rests with the TSA officer.

If you’re ever unsure about a specific item, the TSA’s website has a handy, searchable list of prohibited and allowed items worth checking before you travel. You can also now text the TSA with your questions.

This article was originally published in 2022. It has been most recently updated on March 21, 2023, with additional information.

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Everything You Need to Know About TSA Liquid Rules

Here's what to know before you fly with shampoo, medication, or any other liquids you may need during your travels.

Dealing with airport security can be one of the more daunting aspects of air travel , from the detailed rules about what you can and can't bring on board to the long lines that often form at checkpoints.

One rule that frequently trips up travelers is the Transportation Security Administration's (TSA) 3-1-1 regarding liquids in carry-on bags . We're here to walk you through the finer details of the rule and provide helpful tips for packing liquids when you're flying.

What is the TSA's 3-1-1 rule?

In 2006, British security officials thwarted a plot to bomb an aircraft with liquid explosives carried on board. Since then, security agencies around the world have limited the amount of liquid passengers can bring through airport security.

For the TSA, which regulates travel in the United States, all liquids, gels, and aerosols must be in containers that are 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or less. All liquids must fit into a single, clear quart-size bag — passengers can only pack one of these bags in their carry-on.

The 3-1-1 designation is a simple way to remember these numbers: individual liquid containers must be 3.4 ounces or smaller, they must fit into one clear, quart-size bag, and there is only one bag allowed per passenger.

Liquids that do not comply with the 3-1-1 rule must be packed in checked bags, or thrown out at airport security. Some liquids, such as gasoline or other flammable liquids, are prohibited entirely, both in checked and carry-on bags. You can find a full list of permitted and prohibited items on the TSA's website .

If you're unsure if a specific item adheres to the 3-1-1 rule, you can always contact the TSA before your trip. "Tweet your questions and comments to @AskTSA or via Facebook Messenger , weekdays from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. ET," TSA spokesperson Jessica Mayle tells Travel + Leisure . "You can also call the TSA Contact Center at 866-289-9673."

Are there any exceptions to the 3-1-1 rule?

The TSA does exempt some items from the 3-1-1 rule: medically necessary liquids, formula, and breast milk. You can bring more than 3.4 ounces of these liquids on board, but you may have to undergo additional security screening.

"Inform the TSA officer at the beginning of the screening process that you're carrying them," says Mayle. "These liquids are typically screened by X-ray, but TSA officers may also test them separately for explosives or concealed prohibited items. Officers may ask you to open the container and/or have you transfer a small quantity of the liquid to a separate empty container, or dispose of a small quantity, if feasible."

If you don't want your exempt liquids to be screened by X-ray, inform your TSA officer, and they will use alternative security measures to clear the items.

And that's not all. "There's an exception for hand sanitizer, which has a temporary 12-ounce limit," says Mayle. But as COVID-19 travel restrictions and protocols continue to lift, the temporary special case for hand sanitizer could change, too.

Another exception is liquids purchased after security in an airport. In domestic U.S. airports , you can bring nonalcoholic drinks and other liquid items purchased airside onto your flight. (This is not always the case in international airports.) Duty-free liquids, however, will be sealed in a tamper-safe bag before boarding — sometimes they're permitted in the cabin, and other times they may be stowed elsewhere on the plane.

Packing Tips for Liquids in Carry-on Bags

• While many products are sold in 3.4-ounce containers suitable for travel, not all of them are. Consider rebottling your liquids into travel-size, leak-proof cases.
• "Another way to save space in your quart-sized bag is to pack solid versions of products, which you can put in your luggage or carry-on bag without needing to place it in the quart-size bag," travel advisor Ateet Ahuja of Complete Getaways tells T+ L. "For example, you can bring a stick or solid version of some perfumes and shampoo bars instead of liquid shampoo."
• Buy your liquids, like shampoo or mouthwash, at your final destination. "While you'll spend a little extra, the cost far outweighs the potential of it spilling or leaking in your bag," says Ahuja.
• On that note, prepare for spills — Ahuja advises wrapping a small hand towel around your quart-size bag.
• Pack your nonliquid toiletries separately to save space in your quart-sized bag.
• Pack your liquids bag in an easy-to-access space, like an external compartment or the top of your carry-on bag. According to Ahuja, "This will save you time in the TSA line."

Related Articles

What Is The 3-1-1 Rule By The TSA?

Last Updated on December 1, 2021

The 311 rule is an mnemonic used by the Transportation Security Administration to help you remember their rules about bringing liquids in carry-on luggage.

What Does The 3-1-1 Liquid Rule Mean?

The TSA wants you to remember 3 rules about bringing liquids in carry ons.

You need to know the 311 rule when you are taking liquids, gels, pastes, creams through the TSA checkpoint at airport security.

Each of the digits in the 3-1-1 represents one of the three TSA liquids limits that you need to know.

I bet you didn’t realise there are three limits!

Here is the meaning of the 3-1-1 rule.

Limit A – The Travel Size Containers Limit

This is the part of the 3-1-1 rule that everyone remember, even if they don’t remember the size of the bottles!

When you pack your carry-on bag any liquids, gels, or aerosols must be packed in bottles or containers that are 3.4 oz or less.

The reason that it’s 3.4 oz instead of 3 ounces is that 3.4 oz is equal to 100 ml.

There are some things that the TSA considers to be liquids that you might not. The TSA often says “If you can  squeeze it, smear it, pump it, spread it, spray it, or spill it then it’s considered a liquid”.

So the 3 in the 311 rule represents the limit of 3.4 oz travel size bottles.

It’s the size of bottles that is important not the amount of liquid in them. So you can’t bring a 5 oz container that only has 3 oz of fluid inside it. The TSA officer will confiscate any oversize bottles even if they are half empty.

You can bring more than 3.4 oz of any particular liquid but it would need to be packed in two travel size containers.

Limit B – The Quart Sized Bag Rule

The first 1 in the 311 rule represents the fact that all your liquids must be packed in one quart size plastic bag.

This can be a simple resealable bag like a Ziploc or a more sturdy toiletries bag.

The TSA would prefer it if your bag is transparent so that your toiletries can easily be inspected by security officers but this isn’t mandatory.

You can usually fit 6 or 7 travel sized bottles in a quart size bag. That’s if you are playing by the rules.

Many travelers fly with ‘TSA Approved’ reusable toiletry bags that are not really TSA approved but can be as large as 2 quart.

The 3.4 container limit is strictly enforced but the ‘quart size’ part of the 311 rule isn’t as strictly enforced.

Limit C – Only One Liquids Bag Per Passenger

The last 1 in the 311 represents the fact that you are only allowed one plastic bag per person when going past security.

When you are in the security line take your one bag out and place it in a security bin to assist in the screening process.

It’s not one bag per suitcase. If you and a partner are sharing one carry-on bag you can bring two toiletries bags.

So we can now summarise the 3-1-1 rule.

• 3 – Your liquids must be in containers smaller than three point four ounces
• 1 – You must pack all liquids in a one quart size bag
• 1 – You are only permitted to bring one bag of liquids per passenger

There is a fourth limitation that is not represented in the 3-1-1 rule.

Limit D – No Flammable Liquids Unless They Are Toiletries

The type of liquid that you can pack is a further limitation but it’s not referenced in the 3-1-1 rule.

Travelers cannot pack any flammable or hazmat fluids in carry ons unless they are toiletries. You also can’t pack flammable liquids in your checked bag too.

Exemptions To The 311 Rule

Occasionally you are permitted to bring liquids in containers larger than 3.4 oz. These do not need to be packed in your quart size bag .

You can bring baby formula or breast milk in larger containers.

You can also bring milk, juice, yogurts, or liquid foods for infants in larger container sizes.

Take note, once a child can walk through the airport without the assistance of an adult they are no longer considered an infant by the TSA and the exemption ceases to apply.

You can also bring liquid medication in reasonable quantities though the airport security checkpoint.

Any oversize liquid will need additional screening. Place these items in a separate bin so the TSA agents can inspect them.

Keep in mind that the 3-1-1 liquids rule only applies to carry-on baggage. If you are packing liquids in checked bags you mainly just need to make sure they are not flammable although there is a limit for alcohol in checked bags .

The Bottom Line

The 311 liquids rule means passengers can only pack 3.4 oz or less containers in carry-on bags. You pack them all in 1 quart sized bag. And you are only permitted 1 bag per person.

Exemptions exist for medically necessary liquids and drinks for kids.

It’s as simple as that!

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UponArriving

TSA Liquid Rules Ultimate Guide (3-1-1 Explained) [2023]

Bringing your liquids through airport security is not always as straightforward as you might think.

There are several rules that apply when bringing your liquids through airport security checkpoints and, yes, many are obvious to those of us blessed with a shred of common sense.

But in some cases there are some less obvious restrictions that could apply to your liquids.

And when you start talking about things like baby essentials, medications, and liquids like alcohol, there are many lesser-known rules and exceptions that come into play.

Violating these rules can sometimes mean slowing down the flow of the screening checkpoint (something we all should want to avoid) but in other cases it could mean violating the law and you basically becoming an airport criminal.

And nobody wants that.

So it’s a good idea to get acquainted with how these rules work and in this article, I’ll give you a detailed breakdown of the 3-1-1 rule and also talk about the many different types of exceptions and additional rules that apply to different types of liquids such as medications and alcohol.

Table of Contents

What is the TSA Liquids “3-1-1 Rule?”

The TSA Liquids 3-1-1 Rule states that you can only bring liquids in containers no larger than 3.4 liquid ounces (100 milliliters) and that all of your liquid containers must fit “comfortably” into one clear, quart-size bag.

Where does the 3-1-1 come from?

It’s just an easy way to memorize the different requirements that make up the rule and I’ll hit on those below.

3.4 fluid ounces or (100 mL)

The “three” indicates that your liquids must be contained within a container no larger than 3.4 fluid ounces or (100 ml).

(TSA uses 3.4 ounces because it’s easier to remember but really  100 ml comes out to 3.3814 fluid ounces. )

One of the biggest things that people get confused about is that the 3.4 ounce requirement applies to the size of the container and not the liquid within the container.

So let’s say that you have a 6 ounce container with only 2 ounces of fluid inside.

You may think that because you have under 3.4 fluid ounces of liquid, you are good to go but because your container is larger than 3.4 ounces, you cannot bring that through TSA.

The other big thing to know is that this refers to fluid ounces which relates to volume and is very different from ounces used for weight.

Some products like honey could weigh 4 ounces but still fit inside of a 3.4 fluid ounce container. It helps to know how to convert ounces/grams to fluid ounces .

Tip: Use the free app WalletFlo to help you travel the world for free by finding the best travel credit cards and promotions!

1 quart-sized resealable bag

The first “one” means that your liquids must fit within 1 quart-sized resealable bag. Typically, this will be a clear Ziploc bag which just makes things easy for everybody.

The key thing to note here is that the containers must fit “comfortably” inside this resealable bag.

What does “comfortably” mean?

It basically just means that the bag is not bursting at the seams. (Think about how a pair of jeans should fit when you’re being honest with yourself about your waist size.)

If you are not able to easily reseal your bag, then your contents may not be fitting comfortably inside.

In such a scenario, it’s possible that a TSA agent could ask you to throw something out in order to allow your bag to comply with the rules.

In my personal experience, I have not seen a lot of TSA agents enforce the “comfortable” requirement very strictly but if you have bottles poking out of your liquids bag, I could see that being an issue.

1 quart size bag per person

The last requirement is that you are allowed 1 quart size bag per person.

The easiest way to comply with this is to simply separate your liquids bag from your carry-on and have one liquids bag in your bin when going through security.

Otherwise, it could look like you are trying to bring through two bags of liquids.

The best packing tip I have for this is to keep your liquids bag at the top of your carry-on so that you can easily retrieve it.

There’s nothing worse than scrambling to find that liquids bag while trying to get ready to go through a screening checkpoint.

TSA Pre-Check liquids rule

TSA Pre-Check allows you to bypass the main security line and pass through a screening line that is usually much shorter and quicker. This also means avoiding the full body scanner in many cases. It basically makes you a VIP when it comes to airport security checkpoints.

If you have TSA Pre-Check , you can take advantage of several benefits including things like:

• Shoes can stay on
• Belt can stay on
• Light jackets can stay on
• Laptops allowed to stay in bag
• Liquids (3-1-1) can stay in bag

That last perk is the most relevant to the liquids rule as you will not have to remove your liquids bag and place them in one of the bins when going through security. You can simply leave them in your carry-on and pass through the metal detector without any issue.

I highly recommend that you look into getting Pre-Check in order to expedite your security screening. It will only cost $78 for five years and all you have to do is pass a background check. You can also get it if you are approved for Global Entry ( read how to get approved here ).

New hand sanitizer liquids rule

Due to the ongoing threat of coronavirus and the potential threat of spreading germs throughout airports and aircraft, TSA recently implemented a change with respect to hand sanitizer.

Passengers will now be allowed to bring one hand sanitizer bottle up to 12 ounces. These larger bottles will be screened separately so just be aware that it could add some extra time.

What exactly is a “liquid?”

In some cases, what constitutes a liquid will be very clear.

For example, it’s pretty much common sense that water inside of a water bottle is a liquid. The same applies for cologne, mouthwash, etc.

But liquids also can include less-obvious forms like aerosols, gels, creams, or pastes.

This means that several common items you would be bringing along for your trip could be considered a liquid like: toothpaste , lotion , sunscreen, shaving cream, shampoo , conditioner, and others.

You can find travel-sized products for most of these so it’s usually pretty easy to bring along items that comply with the TSA liquids rule.

Other items

You need to be mindful of other items that could be considered liquids like deodorant . For example, the following types of deodorants will be subject to the 3-1-1 rule:

• and Roll-On deodorants

Prohibited items

Just because you have something like an aerosol and it is in a container no larger than 3.4 ounces, that does not mean that you can bring it as a carry-on.

There are quite a few prohibited items like aerosol insecticide, bear spray, etc. that are not allowed as carry-ons. In fact, some of those items may not even be allowed on the plane at all. This is a good place to search if you are in doubt about whether or not you can bring a particular item.

Be aware that some items like hairspray may even have size restrictions when packed in your checked baggage.

Foods can also be liquids

One aspect of the TSA liquids rule that throws a lot of people off is that they forget many foods also qualify as liquids.

Here is a non-exhaustive list of food items that will fall under the liquids rule:

• Liquid chocolate
• Creamy dips and spreads
• Mashed fruits such as applesauce
• Jam and jelly
• Maple syrup
• Oils and vinegars
• Peanut butter
• Wet pet food
• Salad dressing
• Salsa and sauces

Basically anything that is usually poured, scooped, squeezed, slurped, or mashed will be considered a liquid for TSA purposes.

If your food is solid on the other hand , chances are you can bring it through.

TSA rules for liquid medications

The liquids rule provides exceptions for medical supplies and medications .

TSA allows larger amounts of medically necessary liquids, gels, and aerosols in “reasonable quantities” than your 3-1-1 allowance.

You do not have to have a prescription for these items but keep in mind that you need to comply with state laws regarding prescriptions and controlled substances.

This leaves two questions often to be asked and answered.

The first is what is considered “medically necessary?”

For example, is contact lens solution medically necessary?

It seems the answer to that is probably yes given the TSA states, they allow “larger amounts of medically necessary liquids, gels, and aerosols in reasonable quantities for your trip” on the page regarding contact lenses.

So if in doubt check the website and then inquire with AskTSA if you still don’t know.

The second question is what is considered a “reasonable quantity?”

What is deemed as a reasonable quantity is a subjective determination.

According to the TSA, you should bring what’s necessary for the duration of your trip (e.g., seven days) plus a day or two just in case things get delayed or canceled.

If you stick to what you think will be necessary for the duration of your trip, I don’t think you will often run into trouble. But if you’re bringing a six month supply of medication on a four day getaway, that’s when you might start to run into trouble if questioned.

TSA states that you must declare them to TSA officers at the checkpoint for inspection.

You also want to remove these from your carry-on so that they can be screened separately from your belongings. (You do not have to put your liquid medication in a plastic Ziploc bag.)

Just be aware that if one of your liquid items declared as medically necessary sets off the alarm, it may require additional screening and may not be allowed.

Baby essentials

You are allowed to bring formula, breastmilk, and juice for infants or toddlers in “reasonable quantities” through airport security. According to the TSA, reasonable quantities for baby essentials typically means the duration of the flight.

When bringing these items through security, be sure to separate these from your carry-on bag so that they can be screened separately from the rest of your items.

If you are carrying liquids in excess of 3.4 ounces, you are advised to inform the TSA officer at the beginning of the screening process that you have excess liquids. You can do this when you are unloading your items into the bin.

In many cases, excess liquids will be screened by x-ray.

It’s also possible that an officer may ask you to open up the container and potentially even transfer a small quantity of the liquid for testing.

If you are worried about the effects of an x-ray machine on your liquids, The Food and Drug Administration states that there are no known adverse effects from eating food, drinking beverages and using medicine screened by X-ray.

If that is not good enough assurance for you, you can ask to avoid the x-ray machine.

Additional steps may be able to be taken to clear the liquid but the traveler will likely have to undergo additional screening procedures which could include a pat down and a thorough screening of all of your carry-on property.

You will also be allowed to bring along ice packs, freezer packs, frozen gel packs and other accessories required to cool formula, breast milk and juice.

If these are in a partially frozen state or perhaps appear like a slushy they will be subject to the same screening as described above.

Other permitted baby items include gel or liquid-filled teethers, canned, jarred and processed baby food.

Just always be aware that these items may have to undergo additional screening.

TSA liquid rules for alcohol

Bringing alcohol through TSA presents a number of different challenges.

First, your alcohol in most cases will have to comply with the liquids 3-1-1 rule. This means that you won’t be able to bring in regular bottles of liquor or beer.

It is possible to find small bottles that are under 3.4 ounces (mini-liquor bottles are often around 1.7 ounces, so this means that they are small enough to be brought on the plane as a liquid).

But contrary to what many people think, it’s also permitted to bring your own alcohol in one of your own containers.

The catch is that there are specific restrictions about what type of alcohol is allowed on board and that can be allowed as a carry-on. You really need to make sure that you are abiding by these rules because you could be violating federal law otherwise.

The first regulation to know is that alcohol beverages with an alcoholic percentage above 70% (140 proof) is never allowed on the plane . In fact, alcohol with such a high alcohol percentage is considered a hazardous material.

If the alcohol content is above 24% but not above 70% then the alcoholic beverage must be in its retail packaging. A lot of popular alcoholic beverages for within this range. Here are some  ranges  for the alcoholic content of some common beverages:

Alcohol Percentage Content

• Vodka | ABV: 40-95%
• Gin | ABV: 36-50%
• Rum | ABV: 36-50%
• Whiskey | ABV: 36-50%
• Tequila | ABV: 50-51%
• Liqueurs | ABV: 15%
• Fortified Wine | ABV: 16-24%
• Unfortified Wine | ABV: 14-16%
• Beer | ABV: 4-8%
• Malt Beverage | ABV: 15%

And finally, one of the most important things to remember is that you are not allowed to serve yourself your own alcohol when flying.

Instead, you must request a flight attendant to serve you the alcohol or else you will be violating FAA regulations. Some flight attendants will happily serve you your own beverage but others will not be so inclined.

If you purchased alcohol at duty free store, different rules apply in that scenario. Basically, you can bring your duty free alcohol through TSA security but you have to comply with three separate requirements:

• The duty free liquids were purchased internationally and you are traveling to the United States with a connecting flight.
• The liquids are packed in a transparent, secure, tamper-evident bag by the retailer and do not show signs of tampering when presented to TSA for screening.
• The original receipt for the liquids is present and the purchase was made within 48 hours.

Read more about this rule  here .

Checked baggage liquid rules

Many times, you can simply place your liquids in your checked baggage and not have to worry about that pesky 3-1-1 rule.

This is usually the way to go on longer trips when you might be bringing large quantities of things like shampoo or shaving cream.

But as mentioned above, you still need to make sure that the type of liquid is allowed on a plane. Certain materials may be considered hazardous and you could be violating the law by bringing those on board.

If you are loading up your checked baggage with a bunch of liquids, make sure that you double bag if there is potential for the liquids to spill!

TSA Liquid Rules FAQ

The TSA 3-1-1 rule does not apply to checked baggage. However, there are some restrictions on what liquids can be transported in your checked baggage. There may also be limitations on the quantity of liquids when it comes to importing large quantities of things like alcohol. At some point, you might have to obtain a license for certain goods.

TSA definitely enforces the liquids rule and I would recommend not trying to circumvent the rule. It’s possible that an agent may be more lenient than another in certain circumstances but I would always assume that an agent will be enforcing strictly so that I don’t run into any unexpected issues.

TSA has the rules in order to detect potential explosives and other harmful materials that exist in liquid state.

The same liquid rules apply for both domestic flights and international flights. One difference that you might encounter is when you purchase duty free goods before an international flight. See the duty-free section above for more details. Also, when flying internationally it is recommended that you get to the airport extra early. It is possible that you could get hit with SSSS and be forced to undergo a heightened security screening, so always plan out extra time.

While you might view your makeup as special, there are no special rules for your makeup when it comes to TSA. They must abide by the same 3-1-1 rule explained above. Read more about makeup rules here.

No, you do not have to take out your liquids if you have TSA Pre-Check.

The same TSA liquids rule will apply to all airlines. So if you’re flying American or Delta, the rules will be the same as if you were flying Southwest or United. With that said, some airlines do have some differences in how they handle acceptable baggage so you should make sure to read up on the latest baggage policies for the airlines.

If you are traveling from an “international last-point-of-departure” to the U.S ., powder-based substances in carry-on baggage greater than 350mL or 12 oz. may require additional screening. If your substance is over 12 ounces and cannot be cleared it will not be allowed onto the aircraft cabin. TSA recommends that you transport powders in your checked baggage.

TSA has several rules you need to follow when it comes to drinking liquids through airport security. The most well-known is the 3-1-1 rule but there are other considerations you need to think about like foods that might trigger the rule and exceptions for medical and baby essentials. In the end, try to be as reasonable as possible with what you are bringing through and you will run into few problems.

Daniel Gillaspia is the Founder of UponArriving.com and the credit card app, WalletFlo . He is a former attorney turned travel expert covering destinations along with TSA, airline, and hotel policies. Since 2014, his content has been featured in publications such as National Geographic, Smithsonian Magazine, and CNBC. Read my bio .

I will be traveling from Mexico April 25th. Will I be able to bring back a bottle of Tequila in my check in luggage probably wrapped safely? Thanks, Regina Green

The above is good detail but how about: electric shaver and charger electric toothbrush

Yes and yes!

Check these out:

https://www.uponarriving.com/tsa-rules-razors/ https://www.uponarriving.com/tsa-toothpaste/

I will be leaving Chicago going to Manila via Istanbul on 21 July 2022, Turkish Airways. I will be bringing 4 bottles of Scotch whiskey in original container, unopened and sealed and properly packed with bubble wrap. Is this allowed?

How do I know which states allow medication‘s to be in a travel organizer, and not in their original bottles? I am flying from Philadelphia with a layover in Ireland, and finally to Paris on Aer Lingus.

Hand sanitizer rules have reverted back to the 3-1-1 guidelines.

Thanks for this update. Do you have a source on that? Couldn’t find updated info.

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How to pack: the 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 guide, perfectly packed jun 11, 2015.

By: Geneva Vanderzeil

That carry on life.

Shop Collective Gen Overalls

As time goes on, I continue to reassess how much you actually need when you’re travelling. My recent ten day trip to Greece saw me take only carry on luggage, quite funny given that I was the fashion blogger amongst a range of different media personalities – most of which had 2 checked bags! But with 7 flights and 3 ferries in less than 10 days, I knew an adaptable wardrobe in a carry on bag was the best option. And man was I glad I did that!

To celebrate the release of a gorgeous new range of silk styles  from Grana  (check it out, there’s sooo many lovely new styles and colours!), a nd the fact that many of you are probably planning your summer holiday packing lists, I’ve created a formula for packing light. I based it on the fact that when packing you should try to pick essential and wearable pieces so you have lots of choice – which is exactly the type of pieces you’ll find over at Grana .

The perfect holiday wardrobe is simple, adaptable and streamlined, and these Grana silks are perfect. Because nothing looks as good as carry on luggage feels… Right?

The guide is pretty simple and laid out in the diagram, but here’s a bit more detail for you. Obviously when planning your suitcase these rules still apply (so make sure to think about culture, climate and colours), but the 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 formula is a natural progression on from this for this of you who, like me, like to be mobile.

How To: Pack The 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 Guide 

Choose 5 flexible and adaptable tops which go with all the other pieces you’re taking with you. A couple of silk camis (or perhaps shell styles or a silk tee if you prefer to be a little more covered) are the perfect foundation for a huge number of amazing outfits.  These five include outerwear (which is fine for your summer holiday), so chose a piece that will get you onto the plane and through any chilly evenings in style.

Throw in 4 bottoms including shorts, skirts and jeans (the spread will depend where you’re going). Make sure to go with complimentary fabrics and colours – I love a soft pair of silk shorts that can be worn to the beach or with a heel for a more evening look.

3 Dresses / Rompers 

Dresses and rompers are the easiest pieces to throw on, although they do limit your mixing and matching options, so stick with a maximum of three of these. For these pieces, you’ll want to make sure they suit the colour palette of your accessories like your bags and shoes, as that’s all you’ll be wearing them with.

3 Pairs of Shoes

Shoes are where a lot of us become unstuck when it comes to packing, but the trick is to pick very, very wearable shoes that go with everything you’ve packed. When travelling you’ll want to opt for more flats than heels, sometimes I don’t even bother with heels at all and just take an extra pair of more dressy flats.

For bags, you’re going to want a large bag that will act as your travel one (backpack or tote is good) when you’re on the plane or wander the markets, and have another smaller one for evenings and when you don’t want to carry too much. Pick these in two different shades, and match each with a pair of your shoes.

If you’re heading on a summer holiday you’re going to want at least two bikinis (but not too many more than that), so that you have choice when one set is wet.

1 Hat, Watch and S unnies

Stick with one of each accessory, . I take a couple of pairs of sunglasses, but in reality only ever wear one or two so try to limit those – it’s less to lose!

For underwear, socks and jewellery, feel free to throw in as much as you can manage, squeeze them into your shoes the other gaps in your luggage!

Read on to see my 5,4,3,2,1 packing guide IRL, including some examples of how you could style your carry on wardrobe. And if you have any thoughts about his guide or tips please do share!

Items in the diagram, top to bottom left to right: Grana silk camis, Grana silk shell top, Topshop denim jacket , Grana silk shorts, Topshop shorts , Club Monaco Lace Dress, Madewell romper , Topshop gladiator flats, Topshop  sneakers , J Crew Heels , Topshop Bikini , Marysia one piece, J Crew Bag, Celine bag, Daniel Wellington Watch , Karen Walker sunglasses .

Happy Travels!

Images by Stephanie Teng. This post is in collaboration with Grana

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178 responses to “how to pack: the 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 guide”.

I must immediately bookmark your helpful post as I tend to take much to much stuff with me 🙂 Thank you! xx Rena International Giveaway: Bags are More Than Fun for Me http://www.dressedwithsoul.com

Oh love this! The only thing I would add is bringing more underwear, socks and tights than you think you’ll need. Its the only thing I never ever under-pack.

Liefs, Yara

So I’m going away next week for a long weekend and I just can’t pack light. I’m going to follow this rule, which looks quite clever, and I’ll report back! xx, E. http://www.theslowpace.com

this was really helpful! I’m hopefully going back to Hong Kong in November and I know theres sooo many things I will want to buy there so I don’t want to bring a super full suitcase! thanks for sharing! http://www.simplisticallystyled.com/

This is such a good idea! It’s always such a struggle to pack, I always just want to take like every dress I own

x https://siobhanrothwell.wordpress.com/

I Love the way you put it together. Love the post!! Very helpful!! Love, Kisses and hugs from http://www.trangscorner.com {a lifestyle, fashion, beauty, and food blog}

I really need to try and abide by this the next time I travel.

I have a conference I go to every year, that is maybe 4 days long and I almost always worry that I’m going to have an overly heavy suitcase and that I’ll get charged more for it being overweight. Then I wind up not using half of the stuff that I brought with me. This is definitely bookmarked for next year.

http://aneducationindomestication.com

Clever! I’m going to use this 5-4-3-2-1 mantra for my next short break! xx

Love your khaki shorts<3 you look stunning follow for follow?:)

xoxo http://hilarynirvana.blogspot.com/

Love this post! Just wondering what size you got in the Grana silk tops? X

Thank you so much for this post. I am absolutely obsessive when it comes to packing light for a vacation.. you usually want to buy something there anyway 😛

This guide is great and I’ll definitely try to follow it the next time I’m traveling 🙂

Have a wonderful weekend. Love, Kerstin

https://missgetaway.wordpress.com

Oooh, this is GREAT! Definitely putting it in my Lovely Links next week!

Berry Dakara Blog

Im going to be traveling for 18 days in the summer! This is at the perfect guide for how much i need to pack! 5,4,3,2,1 AWESOME! So easy to remember and so handy when packing. Thank you for sharing these tips. Plus with those few items, you really can mix and match to get a whole range of outfits!

x Carina | Running White Horses

Thanks for the great tip, Geneva! Hope you don’t mind me asking, but may I know what size you are in the new Grana silk tops? 🙂

Hi love, I got a small. xx

Thanks a lot 🙂

Hi Geneva, du you know a similar online shop for those wonderful silk tops which ship to Europe (Germany)? Grana unfortunately doesn’t. Thanks a lot.

Great tips. I always stick to items that will match everything to maximise my wardrobe too, but usually lay out way too much on the bed and force myself to halve it every time! Using your numbers formula I won’t have to anymore! I usually add a tan belt as well, which works great over dresses but can dress up jeans/shorts too. I am in love with your camera – can I ask what model it is, and were the pics it isn’t in taken with it? I’m in the market for a new one for blogging and I love the vintage styling and your photos are so great (though mostly down to you I’m sure!). Thanks!

Hi love, The camera is a vintage film one so only take photos sometimes when I’m after that vibe. Most of the time I use my Nikon D7000. xx

Wow… this is a lifesaver <3 <3 I have so many problems when it comes to packing. Thank you so much for sharing <3 *love love*

How many days is this suppost to last for? 🙂

This tips are very useful 🙂

http://thenaturalminimalism.blogspot.com

This is a great formula! Definitely will use it for my upcoming trip to Italy and Paris, where we’ll be traveling and moving quite a bit as well. Only thing that’s missing is night-time wear, when the temperature cools down, you need some of those layering jackets or sweaters

great tips!

http://www.bluelabelsboutique.com

Great read!! This is a good idea for everyone – but especially an overpacker like myself!

– Kaitlyn | http://www.TheCrownFox.com

This has been pinned and I’ll definitely be sharing it! You always have such fantastic advice – I’m going to try my hardest to apply this to my upcoming trip to Portugal!

Warm Regards, Alexandra http://www.littlewildheart.com

Hi Geneva, I will be going on my Honeymoon in October (Vietnam & Cambodya) for 18 days. I usually pack very light and wear everything in the suitcase at least one. But the more I think about it (yes, I am a planner…) the more I feel I should carry a lot more than I would like to. Could you please advise as in how many tops I should pack? I agree on the 4 bottoms and 3 dresses, but I think I will need about 10 tops? It is humid weather, I don’t think I can wear the same T-shirt twice? Thanks for your help!

18 days is a long time, I would suggest that you take whats above plus maybe another 4 outfit? Although, if you are able to wash along the way you can recycle you’re outfits and take less.

awesome, now this seems like some time & luggage saving tip! thanks for sharing it with us!

I love this idea. I always pack to much and for my trip next Wednesday I’m going to try and stick to this way of packing.

http://www.thrumypeepers.com

I love this rule! And will be following it on all my work trips as waiting for luggage on the carasoul is annoying! If I can pass that with everything in a carry on. I am in! Did you roll your items to get them all to fit? Do you have packing techniques? And how do you get your clothes to un wrinkle once you’re at your destination? Thanks!

Wow, what a helpful post, not to mention how much I covet everything your packing! Great taste. Charlotte – https://redlipsreallife.wordpress.com x

What a great guide and tips!So helpful, love the visuals too 🙂

http://sstephcc.blogspot.com/

Where are the brown sandals from? (not the gladiator sandals, the ones in the pic with the sunglasses and camera). Thanks! Erica

I’d like to know too! Thanks in advance.

Hi ladies, they’re a prototype for a collection I’m working on 😉 x

Where is your hat from?! Exactly what I’ve been looking for this summer!

Great advice! I’m wondering about the brand of those brown sandals in the picture with the sunglasses and camera. Thanks

I will definitely have to use this guide. I always pack too little & too much & have yet to find a formula as simple as this. :]

// ▲ itsCarmen.com ▲

[…] Pair & a Spare shares the “5, 4, 3, 2, 1 Guide” to packing. Totally going to try […]

This is such an amazing idea!! It’s such a good way to limit yourself to luggage. I’d love it if you did a tips for packing for a long holiday!

Nicky zeeblikesit.blogspot.com xx

Great idea Nicky, sadly I rarely get to go on long holidays, although my BF and I are planning a trip to NY, Mexico and Cuba in Sept so that may be a good time to do it? x

[…] equal rolled-up sun dresses and whatever denim staples you can layer on when you get on the plane. A Pair & A Spare has demystified the “How To Pack!?” formula this season, working in a capsule wardrobe […]

Geneva, this guide is perfect!! Love the simplicity of it. And you are right, it is also suitable when packing in a bigger suitcase. Lots of love, Sophia http://www.littlesewingmachine.blogspot.de

just like a perfectly packed bag! great collection! bisou, mirjam http://www.jeneregretterien.ch

Thanks for sharing! This is super helpful!! 🙂

Those sleeveless tops! I need those in my life!

Do you find that you can wear a bra with these silk camis? Love the look but that’s a deal breaker for me.

Omg the ever lasting question of the bra – I wear a strapless with these tanks, or when I’m going to be running around all day just a bandeau bra. Not great for lift but way more comfortable 🙂

This is really helpful, I wish I was going on holiday! You look lovely 🙂

http://laurenslittleblogs.blogspot.co.uk/

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This is such a great little travel trick to remember. I usually pack an outfit for each day I’m travelling plus night time changes for a few of the days and then 3 pairs of shoes (heels, flats and trainers!)

Check out my Kylie Jenner lipliner giveaway where I’m giving away 3 MAC products! http://www.abigailalicex.com

Love those tips! Very handy if you want to travel light. 🙂

Love it! Where did you get the Breton top in the diagram? Thanks!!

No sleepwear?

Hi Geneva, Great post and one that will certainly come in hand for upcoming trips. With shoes, I tend to pack a good pair of running and walking pairs. One for the running we do there and two for the comfort and support in getting around town. We tend to walk everywhere! But your guide here suggests a few flats might be a good alternative to add in. Certainly I can fit another pair for three pairs.

Glad to have found your blog! Happy to follow it on BlogLovin’ and to be subscribed now. Kate

Shoes can make or a break a trip, with comfort being number one! 🙂

thats what we need))) thank you! looks very nice http://www.kiss-and-tell.de/

Geneva, you are a packing genius! Love it how you created such a diverse wardrobe out of several basic pieces! Awesome! Me, I always bring TONS of shoes, haha :))))

Why Buy? DIY! http://dushonok.com/

This is the perfect packing guide! Thank you! I always tend to overpack and then not wear half the items I bring along.

These are amazing tips!

http://www.OntoMyWardrobe.com

I love your advices http://thepocketstyle.blogspot.com/

hello! first time on your site, and preparing myself for a very long summer trip in France/Belgium. I love your silk tops but I have a question. Did you wash yours while in Greece. The website states Dry clean only. That is mighty unpractical on vacation! But Silk can usually be washed…

Lovely pics! Your formula is very clever and easy to remember. My tip is always bring a small container of liquid soap and a piece of twine for longer trips. You can rig a clothes line and wash out your whites and underthings along the way.

Great tip Piper! x

[…] a terrible packer which is why I love this food-pyramid-like approach to the undertaking by Geneva from a Pair & a […]

Such great tips! My husband and I are all about packing light. Have you ever used mesh packing cubes? We used them on our trip to Europe last summer and they are AMAZING. We almost doubled what we could fit in our bags!

Just perfect! I’m honeymooning in August and my fiancee has planned the whole thing in secret. I won’t know where we’re going until we’re there! This guide will help so much in packing for the unexpected.

Omg that would make me tres nervous! x

Good advice! Love the green/white shorts 🙂

http://rufinapark.blogspot.com/

This is a great packing rule! I always pack too much, but I managed to squeeze it all into a normal sized suitcase. My friends are always amazed at the amount of stuff that I manage to bring, as they tend to run out of clean clothes after a few days. For my last holiday I planned really well and followed a colour scheme, so everything could be mixed and matched. It made a huge difference to my back! Btw, I’m impressed by how you managed to shoot that huge flatlay — were you standing on a table? 😉

Anett | Tall Girl’s Fashion

Hahahaha yes, on a ladder! 🙂

what wonderful inspiration. Love the idea of the silk camis. I’m just off to France and Italy and this packing list is perfect. Thank you xx

[…] trip – researching, planning and… PACKING! And so, following on from last week’s 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 Packing Guide, I got together with the Belinda Love Lee to create a printable packing list. Use it to plan what […]

Oh my I love it! This idea is just ah-mazing. I totally know how you feel when you pack tones of clothes you’ll never going to wear. So this is just perfect. But in the next months I am only off for 3 days so I have to minimize it a bit.

Bisous, Patricia THEVOGUEVOYAGE by Patricia Sophie Petit

I pinned this. Thanks for the tip! Also you look great !

/ O.R.R. || A Life & Personal Style Blog

That’s such a great rule! I’ve been whittling down the things I pack when traveling as well, since I have been traveling around Europe the past two years. I have come to realize how little you actually need. And the ease of having only a carry-on is most definitely worth it!

I knowwwww right?

What a great idea!

http://thegirlswhobrunch.com

Totally perfect. Especially when coming down to Belize. Smart rules!

How does the grana off-white silk cami compare in color to j crew’s carrie cami? They look similar but j crew’s is supposed to be ivory, while grana’s is off white. Do you notice a difference?

I feel that Grana’s version is a warmer white tone while the carrie is a cooler one, so a bit whiter.

LOVE this post, you look great! Would it be okay to tell us what size you are in the GRANA silk shorts? xxx

Hi love, these are small, although I think wearing them a little oversized is better (as in, I should probably have got an medium).

Such a simple way to think about packing! As a travel junkie, I really appreciate this. Thanks for posting! 🙂

http://www.adventurousappetite.com

Fantastic rule of thumb, thanks for sharing! Loving the hunter green throughout. xo Kim http://www.lifethruraybans.wordpress.com

I LOVE this! I travel quite a bit, often with short layovers in busy airports and am paranoid that my bag won’t make it to the next flight, thus, I always travel light with a carryon, using pretty uch the same structure. Every top and bottom must go together + lots of basics + 1 printed cardigan for cool nights that matches everything + always a light summer scarf. Perfect for cool nights and chilly planes.

[…] love these easy packing tips.  5,4,3,2,1 rule!   […]

[…] try printing this super cute one (in black & white or color) from a pair & a spare. (Her 5,4,3,2,1 packing guide might be helpful, […]

I’ve gotta get packing soon for a trip w one carryon – thanks for the guide/inspiration!

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[…] in time for your summer vacation: the 5-4-3-2-1 guide to packing. This is so smart. Might I also suggest a fun/floral light cardigan and summer scarf? Both are […]

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Newbie to wearing silk, so this may be a silly question, but do the tops and shorts wrinkle badly..?

[…] How to pack:  The 5,4,3,2,1 Guide.  […]

[…] The ultimate packing […]

[…] https://apairandasparediy.com/2015/06/how-to-pack-the-5-4-3-2-1-guide.html http://www.gardenista.com/posts/10-shrub-recipes-for-summer-fruit http://www.designlovefest.com/2015/06/favorite-trader-joes-picks/ http://www.designlovefest.com/category/downloads/ http://theeverygirl.com/5-ted-talks-to-inspire-productivity-this-summer […]

[…] A good rule for packing. […]

[…] found these shorts through Geneva’s website, A Pair & A Spare DIY, in her 5,4,3,2,1 Packing Guide post.  I have a similar pair from Forever 21 that I got a couple years ago and absolutely love them. […]

Geneva, great post and such an useful advices! I only have one problem with these silk pieces – its so nice I’d wear them almost everywhere but, especially on vacations, dry cleaning can be so inconvenient. Maybe you tried to wash them classic way or have some tips for that? And btw – I can’t wait for these sandals! Gorgeous!

[…] har fundet denne packing guide hos a pair & a spare og tænker at jeg vil bruge den i forbindelse med Singapore. Dog fordi jeg skal være væk så […]

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Love this post <3 This was so helpful because i love traveling and always take way too much with me. Thanks a lot for this post xxoo Valerie

[…] forgetting something! I’ve been looking at all sorts of packing strategies (I really love this 5-4-2-3-1 method, but I don’t think it will work for our honeymoon) and basically my MO is just to bring […]

[…] 4. No a pair & a square, a Geneva ensina como montar uma mala de viagem prática e fácil seguindo o guia 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. […]

I love these packing tips! I normally pack well, and almost always re-wear clothes on longer trips, but I’m currently stuck I’m getting ready to pack for a three week trip (1 week of work and 2 weeks of travel), but I’m definitely struggling. I’m currently living in northeastern Brazil where it’s around 28-29 degrees every day to Sao Paulo, Argentina, and Chile (where it’s currently ranging between 11-21!). Any tips for packing for multiple climates or longer trips? Thanks so much! I’ve loved this blog since the beginning and have loved watching it grow! xx

[…] 5-4-3-2-1 packing guide is genius! Hoping to use it for my upcoming travels in […]

I used this method last holiday to singapore & thailand (last 2wks) worked wonders 🙂 thanks! btw love ur site

[…] Koffer packen Passend zur Urlaubszeit. Wie packe ich meinen Koffer mit der 5,4,3,2,1-Regel […]

I am about to place an order for some Grana tops and shorts. Based on their size chart, and comparing it to similar shorts I have, it seems like I’m an XS. But I’m NEVER an XS in any other brand though. I’m a 4-6 (which should technically be their SMALL size but the measurements say otherwise) Do you feel like these are true to size compared to other brands? Kinda confused what size I should get. I don’t want to drown in them. They seem oversized and flowy to begin with.

Hi love, when you say you’re a 4 – 6 do you mean in US sizes? Or do you mean UK/AU sizes? I am a size 8 UK/AU which is generally a size S (sometimes between S and M because of boobs). For Grana, I think their original silk tanks were a little oversized but now the sizing has been updated and generally everything is true to size. I wear an S in the racer back camisole and it’s pretty spot on. Hope that helps!

Thank you Geneva, I appreciate your response. I am usually a US 4-6 which is their S size so that’s what I’ll order! can’t wait to get them. And keep all these packing posts coming! They’re so helpful!

[…] a foolproof way to pack? Use the 5-4-3-2-1 rule. Personally I’d chop all those numbers in half and travel with a smaller bag (new luggage […]

[…] Also check out this great guide by a pair & a spare! […]

[…] the above is what I think will be coming along with me – I’ll be following my recent travel packing guide obviously! If you have any tips for Hoi An I would love to […]

[…] genius method will completely change the way you think about packing. (a pair and a […]

I need help in the packing for travel department. Thanks for the tips.

Every year I take far more than I need. Love the 54321 principle. Now I have a fortnight to evaluate my wardrobe to see how many crossover pieces I have/need to shop for….

Thank you for this. I always pack way too many clothes. I’ll be giving the 54321 a go this year. I now have a fortnight to figure out how my wardrobe shapes up (excuse for shopping ahead?). Let’s see how this works out…

[…] so much guys for all your positive feedback about my recent packing guide. It was so nice to hear from you all and it seems that many of us struggle with over packing and […]

[…] so much guys for all your positive feedback about my recent packing guide. It was so nice to hear from you all and it seems that many of us struggle with over packing and […]

[…] decide what to pack I turned to trusty Google and found this post by apairandaspare on the ideal number of items to pack for carry on luggage, she calls it the […]

[…] I would never do this. I enjoy options. To decide what to pack I turned to trusty Google and found this post by apairandaspare on the ideal number of items to pack for carry on luggage, she calls it the […]

[…] this particular list (courtesy of a pair & a spare) will only apply for warm weather travel, but I managed to fit everything in to my 22″ […]

Your blog brings joy to my days!! Love love love your style and tips. I packed a carry on only for the first time in my life for a recent 5 day trip thanks to reading your ideas and it was so freeing! One question for you… how do you deal with wrinkling? Is there a way to pack to avoid wrinkling or do you iron/ steam when you arrive at your destination?

Autumn / winter packing suggestions please J Phillips

[…] yourself what they have that your other posts don’t. My top posts for the last 6 months are How to Pack, DIY Lace Bralette, How to Email Someone and How to Care for your Succulents. I’ll ask […]

[…] out anything that was too precious or prone to wrinkling. Thanks to a tip from a reader I also had this post in the back of my mind when I was decided what would make the […]

OMG ! Why I didn’t see this post earlier ?! 😀 Love the idea.

Miriana’s World Blog

[…] Here is a handy 54321 guide to packing clothes […]

[…] when we came across a formula for the best way to pack a suitcase to max out wardrobe options and space, we were all in. Not […]

Aah this is really helpful! Thanks for the post! ♡ http://astaeroid.blogspot.com/

[…] pack bottoms and tops that are interchangeable. Geneva from a pair & a spare has come up with this genius ‘5-4-3-2-1’ packing trick that I find really useful for shorter […]

Hey, Nice post! I love those shorts from Grana and am debating about buying a pair. Did you have to pay a lot for customs when they arrived? They mention it on their site but never how much.

Thanks! Tess

[…] The 5-4-3-2-1 Guide, a really brilliant, practical way of imagining your packing list. The Minimalist Packing List, that still manages to be fashionable! Minimalist Packing List, from Travel on the Brain. Minimal Travel Gear, an amazing resource for both philosophical and practical travel gear tips. Man vs Bag, Wushu Adventures’ minimalist packing for maximum flexibility. Minimal Travel Gear List, from 20 Liter Life. […]

[…] Pair & A Spare blog lately, combined with my love for packing tricks I was fascinated with her How to Pack post. I will be away for a week spending some time in Boston and Chicago. Since I am planning on […]

[…] to this packing guide, I trialled a reduced travelling wardrobe since last year and have found the […]

[…] do limit the number of outfits you can create with them. Which is why, you’ll remember, in the 5,4,3,2,1 packing post we suggested to take a maximum of three dresses – so you’ve got the option of wearing one […]

I’m not great at packing light… so this post is very helpful! I’m going to save it to reference for my next sunny vacation!

Bind blown!! Saving this right now…

LIVING IN PLAID – Personal Style Blog from Brussels

Hey this is actually really helpful for those who are doing the Five Piece French wardrobe challenge (like.. me) and are left in utter confusion on how to pack for the holidays. Very clear list you’ve made 🙂

http://www.sartreuse.com

[…] packing. That eternal dilemma. A Pair and a Spare has some of the absolute best tips of any travel blog out there. Start with her 5-4-3-2-1 guide and […]

I love your formula. Can you hand wash the Grana pieces? Do they wrinkle when packed?

I just want to say this post is awesome! This is such a simple formula, that helps us plus size girls. A lot of other posts just give examples, this gives the thinking behind it. Thanku so much, Bali here I come!

[…] simple formula for packing a suitcase that I’ll definitely be trying on my next […]

How have I never heard of Grana? Those shorts are EXACTLY what I’ve been looking for and there are so many things on the site that I want!!! Thank you for this helpful post and the helpful links to the items!!

[…] little while ago I stumbled across A Pair & a Spare‘s genius article, How to Pack: The 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 Guide (definitely worth a read if you are packing with a weight limit). With our Lord Howe Island trip […]

Hello. Grana camisole looks really great on you. What’s your height? I would like to order same camisole, but I’m 5’9, so not sure whether it would fit me or not.

[…] found a packing idea that I am going to try.  And by try, I mean that I am going to follow it by choosing items and […]

[…] perfect guide on how to pack for any […]

Hi, very interesting, what about an elderly person traveling to Australia in the winter and need both warm and light clothing, 2 weeks in each climate.

[…] informatie en inspiratie over capsulekleding vind je hier en […]

This is exactly what I wanted. I am going on a mini euro trip this summer and have only one carry on bag with me. Definitely going to try the 5-4-3-2-1 way. Thanks!

[…] ONE // How to pack: the 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 guide […]

[…] ontdekten we de 5-4-3-2-1-methode. De perfecte methode op je koffer in te pakken voor een Scandinavische stedentrip. Volgens deze […]

[…] absolutely love this post on how to pack efficiently. The picture guide breaks it down perfectly and actually makes not […]

I love this idea. Would you do one that’s for a girl’s weekend with day hikes and concerts as well as going out to dinner?

That would be awesome. Thanks, Molly

[…] I’ve said it a million times on this blog: I hate packing.  I’ve been trying to get inspired packing for Taiwan (<—next week!!!) by reading beautifully crafted guides on blogs.  But my suitcase doesn’t look perfect like this… […]

Perfect! ox

[…] trawling through Geneva Vanderzeil’s site, A Pair and A Spare, and her packing guide, found here, and was immediately taken by two […]

[…] that you’ve adopted the 5,4,3,2,1 packing guide to a tee, have all of your in-flight necessities in your hand bag, arrive on the airport gate and […]

This is GENIUS. Also a great list for purchasing items for a new season or capsule wardrobe. Thanks for such a helpful post! I’ll be using this as I update my wardrobe for Fall =)

[…] you’ve followed the 5,4,3,2,1 packing guide to a tee, have all your in-flight essentials in your hand bag, arrive at the airport gate and […]

[…] love this packing guide on A Pair and A Spare, I’ll definitely be using this as packing […]

[…] that is) when it comes to packing and am now becoming obsessed with travel cubes. I wanted to share this genius way of deciding what to bring – makes packing SO much […]

Cannot tell you how much it helps me with my upcoming trip!! Thank you!

We just recommended this post on our blog as one of our NY’s resolutions for 2018. 🙂 https://www.serendipityintimates.com/blogs/news/ready-for-2018-here-is-our-ny-resolutions https://uploads.disquscdn.com/images/37b85f519e524d160d40c557f2456fd6759606a062b24a3e5ced4600f37d7d23.jpg

Love the article. http://www.msmovers.co.uk

Came accross your packing list 😊is this packing list for 1-2week holiday or longer?

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Funds “Travel” Regulations: Questions & Answers

The following is revised guidance to financial institutions on the transmittal of funds "Travel" rule. This guidance updates the document “Funds ‘Travel’ Regulations: Questions & Answers” issued in 1997. It includes a parenthetical at the end of each answer indicating the date the answer was issued.

1. Are all transmittals of funds subject to this rule?

No. Only transmittals of funds equal to or greater than $3,000 (or its foreign equivalent) are subject to this rule, regardless of whether or not currency is involved. In addition, transmittals of funds governed by the Electronic Funds Transfer Act (Reg E) or made through ATM or point-of-sale systems are not subject to this rule. (January 1997)

2. What are the "Travel" rule's requirements?

All transmittor's financial institutions must include and send the following in the transmittal order:

• the name of the transmittor
• the account number of the transmittor, if used
• the address of the transmittor
• the identity of the transmittor's financial institution
• the amount of the transmittal order
• the execution date of the transmittal order 
• the identity of the recipient's financial institution

    and, if received:

• the name of the recipient 
• the address of the recipient 
• the account number of the recipient, and 
• any other specific identifier of the recipient.

An intermediary financial institution must pass on all of the above listed information, as specified in the travel rule, it receives from a transmittor's financial institution or the preceding intermediary financial institution (exceptions are noted below, in FAQ #3), but has no general duty to retrieve information not provided by the transmittor's financial institution or the preceding intermediary financial institution.

An intermediary financial institution may receive supplementary information about a payment beyond the information the travel rule requires to be sent to the next financial institution in the payment chain. For example, a payment order may contain additional information about the payment or the parties to the transaction. Due to differences in format and detail included in different systems, such as Fedwire, CHIPS, SWIFT and proprietary message formats, this additional information may not be readily transferable to the format used to send a subsequent payment order. In that event, the sending intermediary institution would be in compliance with the travel rule as long as all of the information specified in the travel rule was included in the subsequent payment order. The information does not have to be structured in the same manner or appear in the same format so long as all of the information required by the travel rule is included. For example, if certain information specified in the travel rule was present in two or more fields in the payment order received, that information need only be included once in the payment order sent to satisfy the requirements of the travel rule.

Intermediary financial institutions in receipt of additional information not required by the travel rule should note that, while compliance with the travel rule is accomplished by inclusion of the information identified in the rule, other monitoring and reporting requirements may apply to additional information and nothing in this FAQ relieves a financial institution of any of its duties with regard to other requirements. In addition, as a matter of risk management, an intermediary financial institution may choose to provide a receiving financial institution supplemental information about a payment and the parties involved. Currently, limited interoperability between systems may prevent a bank from choosing to include certain supplementary information in a payment order. These limitations, however, may be temporary as systems develop.

Moreover, if any lawful order is received at, or if a request from another financial institution is made to a recipient's financial institution, all financial institutions must go back to the transmittor's financial institution, or any other preceding financial institution, if the transmittor's financial institution is unknown, and retrieve information required by the travel rule not included in the transmittal of funds due to system limitations. (Updated November 2010)

3. Are there any exceptions to these requirements?

Yes. If the transmittor and the recipient are the same person, and the transmittor's financial institution and the recipient's financial institution are the same domestic bank or domestic securities broker, the transaction is excepted from the requirement contained in these new rules.

In addition, if both the transmittor and the recipient, that is, as defined, the beneficial recipient, are any of the following, then the transmittal of funds is not subject to these rules:

• Domestic bank;
• Wholly owned domestic subsidiary of a domestic bank;
• Domestic broker or dealer in securities;
• Wholly owned domestic subsidiary of a domestic broker or dealer in securities;
• Domestic futures commission merchant or an introducing broker in commodities;
• Wholly owned domestic subsidiary of a domestic futures commission merchant or an introducing broker in commodities;
• The United States;
• Federal agency or instrumentality;
• State or local government; State or local agency or instrumentality; or
• Domestic mutual fund. (Updated November 2010)

4. Does this rule require any reporting to the government of any information?

No. However, if a transmittal of funds seems to the financial institution to be suspicious, then a Suspicious Activity Report is required, if the financial institution is subject to the Bank Secrecy Act's suspicious activity reporting requirement. (January 1997)

5. How long does a financial institution have to keep records required by these new rules?

Five (5) years. (January 1997)

6. What is the benefit of this rule to the public?

Law enforcement authorities have identified instances to the Treasury in which records maintained by financial institutions were incomplete or insufficient and thereby hampered criminal investigations. In addition, in certain criminal investigations, financial institutions were unable, on a timely basis, to provide law enforcement authorities with useful financial records of transmittals of funds. This rule was created to ensure that in criminal investigations, as well as tax or regulatory proceedings, sufficient information would be available to quickly enable authorities to determine the source of the transmittal of funds and its recipient. Finally, it is anticipated that this rule will more easily permit law enforcement authorities to determine the parties to a transaction. (January 1997)

7. What is a financial institution for the purposes of this rule?

The term "financial institution" includes: banks; securities brokers or dealers; casinos subject to the Bank Secrecy Act; money transmitters, check cashers, currency exchangers, and money order issuers and sellers subject to the Bank Secrecy Act; futures commission merchants and introducing brokers in commodities; and mutual funds. Please see 31 CFR 103.11 for more information. (November 2010)

8. Does this rule treat banks and non-bank financial institutions differently?

No. Banks and non-bank financial institutions are treated identically under the Travel rule. (January 1997)

9. What are some of the implications of the Travel rule for financial institutions subject to this rule?

The most important implication is that financial institutions must be aware that if a transmittal of funds involves both bank and non-bank financial institutions, each financial institution must carefully analyze and understand all of the definitions that apply to its role in the transmittal of funds. This is important because the rule's requirements on financial institutions differ, depending on what role a financial institution plays in a transmittal of funds.

For example, in a situation in which the customer of a securities broker initiates a transmittal of funds that is sent through a bank, that bank is an intermediary financial institution for the purposes of the Travel rule.

The next important implication is that financial institutions must carefully understand the role of the succeeding financial institution in the chain of each transmittal of funds, particularly where a transmittal of funds moves from a bank to a non-bank, or vice versa. This is important because the Travel rule's requirement to pass information to the next financial institution in the chain implicitly requires financial institutions that carry out transmittals of funds to coordinate the transfer of information required by this new rule.

Finally, as the range of services offered by financial institutions expands, financial institutions must recognize that a single transmittal may involve two or more funds transfer systems. In such cases, it is important that financial institutions understand their roles in such a complex transmittal of funds, because their duties under this rule arise from their role(s) in the transmittal of funds. (January 1997)

10. What is the relationship between the terms used in this rule and those used within Article 4A of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)?

This rule uses terms that are intended to parallel those used in UCC Article 4A, but that are applicable to all financial institutions, as defined within the Bank Secrecy Act's implementing regulations.

(January 1997)

11. Do the terms created in this regulation apply to transmittals of funds to or from anywhere in the world?

Yes. However, the requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act apply only to activities of financial institutions within the United States. Thus, for example, part, but not all, of an international transmittal of funds can be subject to the Travel rule. (January 1997)

12. Is this rule limited to wire transfers?

No. The term transmittal of funds includes other transactions and transfers in addition to wire transfers or electronic transfers. (January 1997)

13. What are examples of transmittals of funds that are not wire transfers?

Financial institutions sometimes carry out transmittals of funds using correspondent accounts or journal entry transfers such as "due from" and "due to" accounts. In such cases, covered transmittals of funds have occurred even though no wire transfer has occurred.

In addition, a check can be the transmittal order within a transmittal of funds. This limited case occurs when Customer 1 goes into Financial Institution A and orders a transmittal of funds be sent to Customer 2 at Financial Institution B. Financial Institution A, perhaps because it is a small financial institution or because the transaction involves a function (such as a trust) that is segregated from the rest of the financial institution, sends a check, payable to Financial Institution B, directly to Financial Institution B, and does not send the check directly to Customer 1 or to Customer 2. This check must be Financial Institution A's own check (however, it need not be drawn on Financial Institution A), and not the check of the customer. This check contains accompanying instructions to have Financial Institution B subsequently credit Customer 2's account. In such a case, the check and its instructions are the transmittal order effecting a transmittal of funds. (January 1997)

14. How should aggregated transmittals of funds be treated?

This is a situation where a financial institution aggregates many separate requests for transmittals of funds into one combined transmittal of funds.

Whenever a financial institution aggregates separate transmittors from separate transmittals of funds, the transmittor's financial institution itself becomes the transmittor, for the purpose of the Travel rule. Conversely, any time a financial institution combines separate recipients from separate transmittals of funds, the recipient's financial institution itself becomes the recipient, for the purpose of the Travel rule.

For example, if a money transmitter has five (5) customers who wish to have funds disbursed to five separate recipients at a separate money transmitter, and the money transmitter uses a bank to carry out the movement of funds, the bank might aggregate the five (5) separate customers. In such an instance and for the purposes of the Travel rule, the bank may list as transmittor the transmittors’ money transmitter, and as recipient the recipients' money transmitter. However, the transmittors' money transmitter itself is independently obligated to make travel the required information to the recipients' money transmitter. Thus, the information is still required to travel in an aggregated transmittal of funds, although not necessarily in the same manner or by the same parties as in a non-aggregated transmittal of funds. (January 1997)

15. How should joint party transmittals of funds be treated?

For example, Ms. A and Ms. B, sisters with different names and addresses, jointly act as the transmittor or as the recipient. In such cases, it may be impossible to transfer all the information required under the Travel rule. In this instance, the Treasury suggests the following:

When a transmittal of funds is initiated by more than one transmittor, or sent to more than one recipient, the transmittor's financial institution may select one transmittor, or one recipient, as the person whose information must be passed under the “Travel” rule. In all cases involving a transmittal of funds from a joint account, the account holder that ordered the transmittal of funds should be identified as the transmittor on the transmittal order. Please note that for the Joint Rule [31 CFR 103.33(e) and (f)], records must still be kept on all parties. (January 1997)

16. How should a financial institution treat a customer who uses a code name or a pseudonym, or a customer who has requested that the financial institution hold his/her mail?

For purposes of compliance with the Travel rule, the use of a code name or pseudonym is prohibited. In all such cases, the financial institution must use the customer's true name, and the customer's address. Customers may use abbreviated names, names reflecting different accounts of a corporation, as well as trade and assumed names, or names of unincorporated divisions or departments of businesses.

There may be legitimate reasons for having the financial institution's address serve as the transmittor's mailing address, such as where a customer has requested that the financial institution hold his/her mail. Consequently, so long as the financial institution maintains on file the transmittor's true address and such true address is retrievable upon request by law enforcement, the financial institution may comply with Section 103.33(g) by forwarding with the transmittal order the customer’s mailing address that is maintained in its automated Customer Information File (CIF) (even if that address happens to be the bank's own mailing address). (Updated November 2010)

17. To whom can a financial institution go should it have further questions?

Any financial institution may contact its primary Bank Secrecy Act examination authority, or the Treasury Department's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network can be contacted regarding questions on the Bank Secrecy Act rules at (800) 949-2732. (Updated November 2010)

Are the TSA's 3-1-1 Liquid Rules Still Enforced?

By Christopher Elliott

Tribune Media Services

The Transportation Security Administration's unpopular restrictions on liquids, gels and aerosols in carry-on luggage -- better known as the 3-1-1 rule -- are history.

Passengers say the TSA ( www.tsa.gov/311 ) has all but stopped screening their baggage for liquids. They say transportation security officers no longer ask them to remove lotions, shampoos and even water bottles from their luggage, and overlook all manner of liquids packed in their carry-ons during screening.

"I was never asked about the liquids in my bag or asked to remove them," says Doris Casamento, a retiree from Naples, Fla., who recently flew from Miami to Rome . "My husband had a bottle of water from the hotel he forgot was in his carry-on and it was never confiscated. The water was in a shallow shoulder-bag bulging practically in plain sight."

Is the TSA's 3-1-1 Rule Still Enforced? The Official Response

The TSA initially banned liquids and gels from carry-on bags in 2006 when British authorities reportedly thwarted a plot to blow up planes bound for the United States with liquid explosives. The rule was later revised to allow small quantities of liquids in carry-ons.

The agency in 2008 promised it would ease its restrictions within a year by removing size limits on liquids carried onboard. But liquids still would have to be placed in a separate bin, according to the agency. The 3-1-1 rule isn't scheduled to be lifted until the end of this year, when X-ray machines at security checkpoints will have upgraded software proven to detect threat liquids in any configuration.

But a TSA spokeswoman insisted the 3-1-1 rule is still in effect. "The policy continues to be enforced," says the TSA's Lauren Gaches. "Although it is important to note that we empower our workforce with discretion."

Is the TSA Liquids Rule Still Enforced? The Traveler's Response

However, extensive interviews with air travelers suggest that the policy is largely unenforced.

Among their observations:

The policy was apparently loosened in 2009. Numerous travelers say the TSA started looking the other way last year. "I leave my liquids in my bag about one-third of the time, mostly because I'm brain dead after teaching two or three full days, and forget," says Gary Zeune, who offers seminars on white-collar crime. "The last time TSA told me to remove the liquids and rescreen the bag was maybe a year ago."

It's happening across the board. With only one or two exceptions, travelers report the lack of a liquid rule at airports across the country. "Twice lately I have gone through security and in a rush forgot to take out my little baggie of liquids," says Dody Viola, a social worker in Ann Arbor, Mich. "I didn't realize this until I was on board the plane. I'm not trying to test the system -- I just honestly forgot."

No liquids are suspect. Incredibly, no liquids of any kind are apparently scrutinized by the TSA, according to air travelers. "I have small bottle of hand sanitizer and contact solution in my soft-sided briefcase," says Robert Muncy, a network engineer in Cincinnati. "Never once have they said anything."

If the 3-1-1 rule has indeed been scrapped, it would mean the TSA has taken a lead in removing the liquid-and-gel restrictions. The European Union last month set an April 29, 2013 deadline for lifting its liquid rules. By that date, the current restrictions on the carriage of liquids in cabin baggage will end, according to a statement issued by Siim Kallas, the EU commission vice president in charge of transport. "For passengers, the aim is also to simplify wherever possible the necessary security controls," he added.

Of course, the Mexicans are a step ahead of all of us when it comes to liberating carry-on liquids. Consider this sign spotted a few days ago at the Puerto Vallarta airport and posted on the industry blog Carrying On . That's right, carry your latte right through the checkpoint and take it home to the States with you. "If it's safe for me to clear security and then fly from Puerto Vallarta to San Francisco with a liquid-filled Venti-sized container that is about seven times the size of the largest allowable toiletry, then why is it not OK for me to do the same from San Francisco to Chicago?" wonders Tony D'Astolfo, who authored the post.

I hear that. I've never understood why the TSA had a liquid-and-gel rule, which I've openly questioned in previous columns. In response to my claim that liquids were harmless, my friends at the TSA posted a "mythbusting" rebuttal that required its own mythbusting.

Isn't it time for the TSA come clean about liquids? If there's any evidence that my tube of Crest is dangerous, or even just a single documented case in which liquids could have brought down a plane in America, then I think we'll all quietly empty our toothpaste, hair gel and contact lens solution into one quart-sized, clear plastic, zip-top bag.

Otherwise, the TSA should make it official and let our liquids fly.

Christopher Elliott is the ombudsman for National Geographic Traveler magazine and the host of "What You Get For The Money: Vacations" on the Fine Living Network. E-mail him at [email protected] .

(c) 2010 Christopher Elliott. Distributed by Tribune Media Services, Inc.

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5 4 3 2 1 Packing Method Explained

Have you heard of the 5 4 3 2 1 Packing Method? Confused about how this can help you create the perfect travel capsule wardrobes no matter where you are traveling and in what season? In this guide we will explain how you too can use the 54321 packing method to create the perfect capsule wardrobes for travel.

Important Note : This post may contain affiliate links which means if you click through and make a purchase I will make a small commission at no extra cost to you. 

Table of Contents

What is the 5 4 3 2 1 Packing Method

So what exactly is the 5 4 3 2 1 Packing Method? Well it is a packing technique that aims to reduce the amount of clothing you take on a 1 week vacation.

Benefits of the 5 4 3 2 1 Packing Technique

The benefits of using the 5 4 3 2 1 packing technique are:

• you limit the amount of clothes you pack and prevent overpacking.
• you think about how your items work together to create a capsule wardrobe as all items have to be worn in more than 1 outfit
• depending on how time of year you are traveling, you may be able to use the 54321 packing technique to condense your clothes to be Carry On Only (or as it is call in some circle COO).

How to Use the 5 4 3 2 1 Packing Method

The key to using the 5 4 3 2 1 packing method is consider everything you pack as part of a capsule wardrobe.

A Capsule Wardrobe, and the 54321 method embraces the philosophy of “pack less wear more” as in, pack fewer things but be able to wear them in several styles and outfits.

Therefore for putting together your 54321 packing list we recommend:

Color Pallete

Choosing a color palette and sticking to it as that way more items will go together. A lot of people think this means that you have to stick to quite a neutral or even a black and white color palette.

This can make things easier when putting your list together. However it can look a little boring in your travel photographs.

If you like monotone wardrobes or sticking with pastels or neutrals then feel free to do so., However if you like a splash of color feel free to add it carefully. Keep your bottoms plain and add a splash of color in t shirts for instance.

Don’t pack anything that you won’t wear at home because you won’t wear it on vacation

Chances are if you don’t wear an item at home that you won’t feel comfortable wearing in on vacation. Therefore stick to pieces you know you love. Otherwise you may find yourself buying items on your vacation.

Don’t pack anything that doesn’t work in at least two outfits

Everything that you pack needs to work hard i.e. it needs to work in at least out outfit combinations.

Don’t pack anything that needs a lot of care

If you have limited items in your suitcase you won’t want things that need a lot of care and attention.

For instance, although linen is lovely and great for hot weather vacations, but it takes care. For instance you need to know how to pack linen so it doesn’t crease and may need wrinkle spray or even an iron or clothes steamer at your destination.

I personally don’t want to have to iron every morning of my vacation so stick to items that don’t need a lot of care i.e. cotton.

If you do decide to pack linen be sure to check out our guide on how to pack linen to prevent wrinkles.

Bring the right weight for your travel

Be sure to remember the weather at your destination. In Summer this means packing lightweight breathable fabrics for summer for instance cottons while in Winter you will need heavier weight items.

For more travel essentials for women check out this post.

Examples of the 5 4 3 2 1 Packing Method

So how does the 5 4 3 2 1 packing method work in real life. I know when I started using the 54321 method for 1 week vacations I struggled to visual how this would translate to specific destinations.

Now obviously there are local sensibilities to consider i.e Dress codes and what not to wear items in individual places and the season.

In this section of the guide I will give examples of how I have used 5 4 3 2 1 packing methods in different scenarios i.e. Winter Travel Capsule Wardrobe , for cruises , for beach vacations and more. However feel free to tweak these lists to suit the exact weather and activities you will be doing and your personal fashion preferences.

Note : Personally I never include underwear as part of the 54321 packing technique as many of my vacation accommodations don’t have laundry. Therefore it is essential to have enough underwear for a trip.

5 4 3 2 1 Packing Method in Winter

Winter is perhaps the hardest season to pack light for. The reason for this is that the layers are thicker and chunkier to pack to begin with. However you can still pack light even in Winter.

For example this is my 54321 Winter Packing List that can be used for Winter Breaks

Note : very active vacations in Winter such as Skiing requires its own packing list so be sure to check out our skiiing packing list.

5 – Tops – a Combination of T Shirts, Blouses and Formal Tops that can be used in day to night transition pieces

4 – Sweaters / Cardigans / Top Layers – again for day to night transitions and dressed with jewelry or accessories.

3 – Pairs of Trousers / Bottoms

2 – Pairs of Shoes – for winter I would select one pair of sneakers and one pair of boots with a good sole. All shoes you pack for winter should be able to cope with cold weather, rainy weather and even ice.

1 – Winter Coat – depending on the destination will depend how thick and what level of waterproofing your will need in your top layer.

Some specific examples of Winter Packing Lists for cities include:

• What to wear in London in December

For information on how to pack a minimalist capsule wardrobe check out this post.

5 4 3 2 1 Packing Technique for Summer

5 – Tops – a mix of t shirts, tank and blouses

4 – Bottoms – a mix of skirts, shorts, cotton trousers, or dresses depending on your fashion style

3 – Shoes – for summer I recommend a pair of sneakers (lightweight), sandals and flip flops if you plan to spend time on a beach or around a pool.

2 – Swimwear

1 – Beach Cover

Some examples of our specific summer packing lists include:

• What to wear to Italy in Summer
• What to wear in Tuscany in Summer
• What to wear to Spain in summer

5 4 3 2 1 Packing Technique for Beach Vacations

I often find that beach vacations are some of the easiest to overpack for. As many of the items you are packing are lightweight and condense in a case easily it is easy to think, I can just add one more thing.

And the truth is, beach vacations are the type of vacations that I come home with most unworn stuff from.

But it can be really important to pack light for these destinations too especially if you plan on visiting more remote islands where planes to transport you have strict weight restrictions. For instance on tropical islands like Bora Bora , Moorea, Tahiti, the Maldives and Fiji can all have these types of restrictions.

Therefore the 54321 technique is even important for beach vacations.

For me the perfect capsule beach wardrobe would include:

3 – Shoes – for summer I recommend a pair of sneakers (lightweight), sandals and flip flops.

For examples of this packing method in action check out our destination packing guides:

• What to wear in Bora Bora
• What to wear in Moorea
• What to wear in Tahiti
• What to wear in Fiji
• What to wear in The Maldives

5 4 3 2 1 Packing Method for cruises

If any type of vacation requires you to pack light, cruises is it. The reason for this is not because of weight restrictions which are the primary concern when flying to go on vacation but because of room in your stateroom.

Cruise staterooms or cabins as they are sometimes called are notoriously very small. Therefore you don’t want to have to take up room in your stateroom to store your suitcase or struggle to pack your clothing items away.

Therefore it is really important to pack a cruise capsule wardrobe. An example of using the 5 4 3 2 1 packing method to create a cruise capsule wardrobe is:

5 – Tops / Dresses / Sweater / Cardigan

4 – 4 Bottoms and Skirts

3 – Pairs of Shoes

2 – Swimming Costume

I personally never include under wear in my 54321 packing technique. The reason for this is that I like to have fresh underwear ready for every day of my vacation without the need of doing laundry.

1 – Formal Outfit – please note that some cruises do not have a formal night. If you are traveling on a line without formal nights then this could be switched for accessories, or other statement pieces instead. To find out more about specific cruise line dress code check out these posts:.

For more specific cruise packing lists that use this technique and other capsule wardrobe techniques check out the below posts:

• River Cruise Capsule Wardrobe
• Ultimate Cruise Capsule Wardrobe guide
• What to wear on a South Pacific Cruise

FAQS about 54321 Technique

Do you include underwear in the 54321 packing technique?

Also underwear takes up very little room in the suitcase or your carry on so it really doesn’t need to be restricted in the same way of other clothes.

Do you include accessories in your 54321 packing list?

Personally I do not include accessories in the 54321 packing list. I recommend trying to limit the accessories you take with you things that you can wear on you when boarding a plane, cruise or other transport method.

For example it is always a good idea to wear hats or attach them to your carry on bag to reduce the risk of it getting damage in your case.

And I always carry my pashmina with my on an airplane as it can get cold and this is a useful extra layer.

Do you include shoes in your 54321 packing list?

I always put shoes on my 54321 packing list. The reason for this is that shoes take up the largest amount of space in a case. Therefore I like to restrict the amount of shoes I take with me. Putting them into this list really helps me focus my mind on what I actually will use on my vacation.

Can you use the 54321 packing Method for longer vacations?

You can definitely use the 54321 packing method for longer vacations however this would require you having access to laundry facilities.

For instance, you can use the 54321 packing method for 1 week vacations. However to use it for a 2 week vacation you would need to do laundry at the midway point of your vacation to ensure you have enough clothes.

Do you have questions about using the 54321 Packing Method that we haven’t covered? Please leave us a comment below and we will do our best to answer it as quickly as possible.

Marcia MacLeod

Saturday 21st of October 2023

Hi I am finding your travel information very helpful. I think the 5-4-3-2-1 will work best for our trip to Ireland/Scotland My question Do you count your travel outfit in the system or is that separate

Thursday 2nd of November 2023

Hello Marcia,

Thank you for your message. Normally I do not include my travel outfit in this system. I can be quite clumsy and travel with my kids a lot so my outfit never usually makes it to a rewear.

What month you are you traveling? As the only exception to this can be in Winter as it is a good idea to wear your bulkiest items on the plane if you are trying to pack carry-on luggage.

We also have advise for Scotland packing on the blog, and I am about to write up Ireland (I'm Irish/British). :)

The 3-2-1 Travel Rule

Let’s face it, millennials get a bad rap. But as far as I can see, my friends and colleagues who fall into the millennial category are hard workers, politically engaged and trying to figure out this whole adult thing. And it’s hard. The economic recession set back a whole generation who, for the first time in American history, might not be better off than their parents.

And some of us are fighting like hell to make sure that doesn’t happen. We are trying to innovate our way to success, but it’s more than just success. “Success” is generic. Is it based on how much you make, your title, where you live or if you own a house? It depends on who you ask, but what I do think we are working toward in droves is happiness.

Travel makes me happy.

For the longest time, I felt guilty asking for time off. Paid time off accumulated and I did nothing to use it. Even though it was earned and I desperately needed to get out of town, to feel refreshed. I’ve mostly gotten over this feeling of guilt, but sometimes it rears its ugly head.

But feeling guilty gets me absolutely nowhere. It doesn’t satisfy my travel bug or need to just escape the city I live (which I love by the way, but sometimes just need to get away). So, to help ensure that I am traveling, building it into my everyday life, I created a travel rule. The 3-2-1 travel rule to be exact.

It’s simple – you simply map out:

• 3-weekend getaway destinations
• 2 out-of-state trips
• 1 international adventure

While I developed my 3-2-1 travel rule for the 2017 calendar year, there is no rule that says you have to do the same. You can start your “year” whenever you like. Today, for instance. Writing down your plans is a solid first step to making them a reality.

Why Weekend Getaways

Weekend trips are the easiest box to check off one the 3-2-1 travel rule, but if you aren’t actively thinking about taking one, they are easy to forget. That’s because they are often too easy to fulfill to be true. And we are busy making plans with friends and family, taking time to spend the night in a town an hour away seems gluttonous or unnecessary. But that is absolutely NOT the case. Sometimes the coolest attractions are in our backyard, we just need to be willing to explore them.

Tips for taking those weekend getaways:

• Groupon . I love scouring Groupon for both good deals and good ideas. Chances are there are a few easy weekend getaway ideas in your inbox right now. You might discover a new town within easy driving distance that you can go to over the weekend. My advice is to look at the fine print. Many times, the good deals you see are for weeknight accommodations, you might need to pay a little more to upgrade your getaway to a weekend evening. Fortunately, Groupon has finally made it easier to book the night at the hotel, inn or B&B right from their website (versus the old way of buying the Groupon, then following up with the hotel on your own). This cuts down on time and allows for easy booking.
• Become a tourist in your own city . Often times, we only see our own city when we have people come into town to visit. I feel like this shouldn’t be the case. Last year I decided to play tourist in my current hometown of Sacramento by staying on the Delta King, a historic riverboat in the Old Sacramento district. It’s something I’d wanted to do for a long time. Rather than continuing to have it be a wish, I turned my desire into a reality. Despite only being a few miles from home, it felt like a faraway retreat.

Why Out-of-State Trips

Depending on where you are from and where you are going, an out of state trip can feel as dramatic as a trip to another country. As an American, I have a lot to explore in my own country . By leaving California, I get to experience multiple cultures within one society. I can technically do that within California, but you get what I am saying. New England, the Midwest, the South and the Southwest are all completely different from one another in food, geography, accents, and history. Just to name a few.

Tips for taking those out-of-state trips:

• Take advantage of three-day weekends . You already have the time off from work, so make it work for you. Book flights in advance and watch out for travel deals to get those flights or map out the route to drive or train to your destination. One three-day weekend my partner and I drove from Sacramento to Portland and back. Sure, we spent a lot of time in the car, but that was half the fun.
• Book flights early . Traveling on a three-day weekend is standard for enough people, that it’s a good idea to book those Southwest Wanna Get Away flights before they sell out.
• Visit a friend . Have a friend you haven’t seen in a while that lives in another state? Perfect! Visit them, catch up and sleep on their couch. This lowers your costs while giving you a built-in tour guide. It’s a win-win.

Why an International Adventure

Visiting foreign countries, feeling out of your comfort zone and meeting new people helps build character and sense of self. It empowers. It educates. The list goes on and on. I think that by getting away from everything you know, you figure out who you are. AND it can be incredibly fun too.

From trekking on a glacier in Patagonia to going on safari in Kenya , there is a lot this world has to offer. And you should see it.

Here is how to make international trips a reality:

• Budget. Budget. Money can be a roadblock to travel. But if you want to travel, you gotta put your money where your mouth is. Maybe you eat out less – or decide you don’t actually need new clothes every month – whatever it takes to curb that excess spending that adds up quickly, taking away from travel funds.
• Do your research . If you are trying to fly to Paris in the middle of July, it is going to be a heck of a lot more expensive than if you go in early November. Time of year matters greatly when booking travel, so figure out the low season and if it works for your professional schedule to take time off when flight prices are lower. You can set price alert emails through most major travel sites, alerting you of price drops.
• Cash in your points/cash rewards. I only use my rewards points on travel. That means most of the year I am racking up points – or cash rewards – on my regular purchases and all that money get recycled into my travel costs. For my recent trip to Argentina, I was able to cash in hundreds of dollars’ worth of accumulated points. This significantly shaved off costs from the expensive getaway.

Travel is a luxury. I know that not everyone has the ability to travel or to completely run with this 3-2-1 travel rule; however, you can tailor it to your needs and work up to it as you make more money, excel in your career and pay down those student loans.

Happy travels.

Erica Root is a public affairs professional by day, travel blogger by night. When she isn’t planning her next trip, she can be found with a glass of wine (red, of course), her puppy Theodore and a good book. You can follow her adventures, and those of her traveling companion Panda, on Instagram and her blog, A Square Root in a Round World .

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Guest Poster

6 thoughts on “the 3-2-1 travel rule”.

Your article gave me a lot of inspiration, I hope you can explain your point of view in more detail, because I have some doubts, thank you.

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I LOVE this idea! It totally does feel gluttonous sometimes to take a weekend away for you – but it’s so beneficial. You’ve inspired me to book a weekend getaway out of state 🙂

Awesome idea! I’m going to make my list now! Any suggestions as far as where to take a first trip outside of the United States? I’ve been wanting to take a trip next summer with some girlfriends.

Such an awesome idea!

This is such a great idea! Definitely a more manageable plan when you have a full time job.

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When Do You Need To File An Alternate Under IFR?

• By Boldmethod

You're planning an IFR flight, and the weather at your destination is marginal. Do you need to file an alternate? And if so, what are the weather minimums for your alternate airport?

We'll cover both topics here, and we'll show you some quick tips for alternate planning if you're using ForeFlight.

First Off, When Do You Need to File An Alternate?

Simply put, you always need to file an alternate airport unless ...

• The airport has an instrument approach, AND ...
• Weather reports and forecasts indicate that from 1 hour before to 1 hour after your ETA (at the listed destination) the ceiling will be at least 2,000' AGL and the visibility will be at least 3 SM.

It's called the 3-2-1 rule, and it's the easiest way to remember the regulation.

To recap, if the weather at your destination isn't at least 3 SM of visibility and 2000' AGL ceilings from 1 hour before to 1 hour after your ETA , you need to file an alternate.

Planning Your IFR Alternate

So if you need an alternate airport, how good does the weather at your alternate need to be?

For your alternate airport to meet the requirements of FAR 91.169 , the weather conditions at the ETA must meet or exceed:

• If a usable precision approach is available: 600' ceilings AND 2 SM of visibility.
• If only a non-precision approach is useable: 800' AND 2 SM of visibility.
• If no instrument approaches are available: Descent from the MEA and landing must be conducted under basic VFR.

Planning For The Actual Alternate Minimums

In the real world, not all airports follow the standard minimums we just listed above here. If that's the case, the airport has nonstandard alternate minimums. So how do you find those alternate minimums?

If you're using Jeppesen charts, it's incredibly easy. The airport's alternate minimums, standard or nonstandard, are listed on the airport's 10-9 page.

For example, take a look at Daytona Beach's alternate minimums below, which we've highlighted in yellow at the bottom of the 10-9 page:

If you're able to use the ILS to runway 7 at KDAB, your alternate minimum weather can be as low as 700' ceilings and 2 SM visibility. That's not quite as low as standard precision alternate minimums, but it is close.

However, if you can't plan for that approach (for example, the ILS Rwy 7 is inoperative), you need to pick another approach further to the right on the chart. Each column to the right has one or more approaches, and the alternate minimums associated with that approach listed below.

If you were not GPS equipped in your plane, and the ILS Rwy 7 was out of service, you'd have to plan for the ILS Rwy 25R alternate minimums of 1100' ceilings and 2 SM visibility (for Category A and B aircraft).

What About FAA Charts?

If you're using FAA charts, finding alternate minimums is a 2-step process.

First, if the airport has nonstandard alternate minimums, you'll see this symbol on the approach chart for the airport:

Next, to find out what the alternate minimums actually are, you need to turn to the chart supplement.

If you're using ForeFlight, you can click on the "alternate minimums" tab under "arrival procedures." Sorted by city name, you'll find the new weather minimums you must use to determine if an airport is eligible to file as an alternate.

Many airports will have nonstandard alternate requirements due to terrain considerations, and they may vary by aircraft approach category. In rare cases, an airport might not be available as an alternate, often because there's no on-airport weather reporting.

What If There Isn't A TAF At Your Destination Or Alternate?

Using a TAF to determine the weather conditions at your destination and alternate is the most common way pilots plan an IFR flight.

But what happens if your destination or alternate doesn't have a TAF?

In the past, you had to use the Area Forecast (FA) from NOAA's Aviation Weather Center. Now that the FA has been officially discontinued for the contiguous United States, you'll need to use the Graphical Area Forecast (GFA) . Use the "Ceiling/Visibility" tab and the Zulu time sliding bar to determine weather conditions around your arrival.

Fuel Requirements

Next up, you need to make sure you have enough fuel for your destination and alternate airport.

Day or night, you need enough fuel to (FAR 91.167)...

• Fly to your intended destination.
• Fly from the destination to the alternate (if required).
• Fly for an additional 45 minutes at normal cruise speed (minimum).

It's Not Just About Weather

Alternate planning shouldn't be based on weather alone. There are other factors that you should include during your planning as well:

• ATC Services Available
• Transportation
• Nearby Restaurants
• FBO Services
• Passenger Requirements
• Maintenance
• Runways and Conditions

You Have To Divert. Now What?

Whether you're going missed off an approach at your destination or just diverting early, you're not required to fly to your filed alternate. Filing an alternate on your IFR flight plan is for planning purposes only, and once you're airborne, you can change your alternate if you need to.

That being said, just because you don't have to fly to an alternate doesn't mean you shouldn't put a lot of consideration into your choice. Having a reasonable "Plan B" in mind is important when you actually need to divert. Instead of fumbling around the cockpit searching for nearby diversion options, you'll have an easy go-to strategy.

Alternates Made Easy: ForeFlight's Alternate Advisor

Now that we've covered the ins-and-outs of alternate planning, there's a tool in ForeFlight that makes your alternate planning easy. It's called Alternate Advisor, and here's a short clip that explains how to use it:

Why do we fly with Jeppesen charts? They make planning and flying IFR flights quicker and easier. Learn more about their advantages over FAA charts here .

Become a better pilot. Subscribe to the Boldmethod email and get real-world flying tips and information direct to your inbox, every week.

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TSA Travel Tips

Prohibited Items

For the safety and security of the traveling public, TSA, FAA and airlines prohibit certain items from being brought onto airplanes in carry-on and checked baggage. A prohibited items list and the " What Can I Bring? " tool can be found on tsa.gov. Even if an item is generally permitted, it may be subject to additional screening or not allowed through the checkpoint if it triggers an alarm during the screening process, appears to have been tampered with or poses other security concerns.

3-1-1 Liquids Rule

Liquids, aerosols, gels, creams and pastes, in limited quantities, are safe to bring in carry-on baggage and must comply with the following rules:

• 3.4 ounces or less for liquids, gels, aerosols, creams and pastes.
• 1 quart-sized, clear, plastic, zip-top bag to hold the liquids.
• 1 bag per passenger placed in screening bin.

TSA has a team dedicated to answering your questions related to prohibited and permitted items, identification requirements and so much more. AskTSA is available 365 days a year to help you before, during and after your travels.

• Twitter:  @AskTSA
• Facebook Messenger:  www.fb.com/AskTSA
• Apple Business Chat:  AskTSA
• Text Message:  Text "Travel" to AskTSA (275-872)
• Msg frequency varies. Msg & data rates may apply.
• Live Assistance from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. ET

TSA Contact Center

The TSA Contact Center is available to answer questions about traveling through TSA security, including checkpoint or checked baggage screening.

Weekdays: 8 a.m. - 11 p.m. ET Weekends/Holidays: 9 a.m. - 8 p.m. ET Email: [email protected] Phone: 1-866-289-9673

Acceptable IDs

Adult travelers (18 and over) are required to show a valid U.S. federal or state-issued photo ID in order to be allowed to go through the security checkpoint and onto their flight. Travelers who do not have an ID may still be allowed to travel by providing additional information about themselves. Passengers who are cleared through this process may be subject to additional screening. Passengers whose identity cannot be verified by TSA may not be allowed to enter the screening checkpoint or onto an airplane.

Medications in pill, liquid or other solid form are allowed but must undergo security screening. Passengers may bring medically necessary liquids, medications and creams in excess of 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters in their carry-on bag. These items should be removed from the carry-on bag to be screened separately. Liquid medication is not required to be in a plastic zip-top bag. Ice packs, frozen gel packs, and other accessories required to cool medically necessary liquids must be completely solid at the security checkpoint. If these accessories are partially frozen or slushy, they are subject to the same screening as other medically necessary liquids.

TSA Cares and Wounded Warriors

• Weekdays: 8 a.m. - 11 p.m. ET
• Weekends/Holidays: 9 a.m. - 8 p.m. ET
• Phone: 1-855-787-2227
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Screening Technology

Most travelers have the option to request a pat-down as an alternative. However, some passengers will not be able to opt out of AIT screening if their boarding pass indicates that they have been selected for enhanced screening. Whenever possible, the pat-down will be performed by a same-gender officer.

Additional Travel Tips

• Travelers are encouraged to check carry-on baggage before leaving home to remove prohibited items, such as firearms and knives.
• When packing, de-clutter and organize carry-on baggage to facilitate screening.
• Travelers are encouraged to arrive two hours before scheduled departure time.
• Travelers are recommended to wear slip-on shoes to remove and replace their shoes quickly.
• Pets must be removed from their carrying cases. The case must be screened through the X-ray machine. A leash will help maintain control of the pet but should be removed when carrying the pet through the metal detector.

Last Updated on March 16, 2023

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Traveling with dogs to the US? The new rules you’ll need to follow

FILE - A trainer walks with a service dog through the Terminal C at Newark Liberty International Airport while taking part of a training exercise, Saturday, April 1, 2017, in Newark, N.J. All dogs coming into the U.S. from other countries must be at least 6 months old and microchipped, according to new government rules published Wednesday, May 8, 2024. The new rules were prompted by concerns about dogs coming from countries where rabies is common, and applies to dogs brought in by breeders or rescue groups as well as pets traveling with their U.S. owners. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez, File)

FILE - This undated electron microscope image made available by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows rabies virions, dark and bullet-shaped, within an infected tissue sample. All dogs coming into the U.S. from other countries must be at least 6 months old and microchipped, according to new government rules published Wednesday, May 8, 2024. The new rules were prompted by concerns about dogs coming from countries where rabies is common, and applies to dogs brought in by breeders or rescue groups as well as pets traveling with their U.S. owners. (F. A. Murphy/CDC via AP, File)

• Copy Link copied

NEW YORK (AP) — All dogs coming into the U.S. from other countries must be at least 6 months old and microchipped to help prevent the spread of rabies, according to new government rules published Wednesday.

The new rules require vaccination for dogs that have been in countries where rabies is common. The update applies to dogs brought in by breeders or rescue groups as well as pets traveling with their U.S. owners.

“This new regulation is going to address the current challenges that we’re facing,” said Emily Pieracci, a rabies expert at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention who was involved in drafting the updated regulations.

The CDC posted the new rules in the federal register on Wednesday. They take effect Aug. 1 when a temporary 2021 order expires. That order suspended bringing in dogs from more than 100 countries where rabies is still a problem.

The new rules require all dogs entering the U.S. to be at least 6 months, old enough to be vaccinated if required and for the shots to take effect; have a microchip placed under their skin with a code that can be used to verify rabies vaccination; and have completed a new CDC import form.

There may be additional restrictions and requirements based on where the dog was the previous six months, which may include blood testing from CDC-approved labs.

The CDC regulations were last updated in 1956, and a lot has changed, Pieracci said. More people travel internationally with their pets, and more rescue groups and breeders have set up overseas operations to meet the demand for pets, she said. Now, about 1 million dogs enter the U.S. each year.

Dogs were once common carriers of the rabies virus in the U.S. but the type that normally circulates in dogs was eliminated through vaccinations in the 1970s. The virus invades the central nervous system and is usually a fatal disease in animals and humans. It’s most commonly spread through a bite from an infected animal. There is no cure for it once symptoms begin.

Four rabid dogs have been identified entering the U.S. since 2015, and officials worried more might get through. CDC officials also were seeing an increase of incomplete or fraudulent rabies vaccination certificates and more puppies denied entry because they weren’t old enough to be fully vaccinated.

A draft version of the updated regulations last year drew a range of public comments.

Angela Passman, owner of a Dallas company that helps people move their pets internationally, supports the new rules. It can especially tricky for families that buy or adopt a dog while overseas and then try to bring it to the U.S., she said. The update means little change from how things have been handled in recent years, she said.

“It’s more work for the pet owner, but the end result is a good thing,” said Passman, who is a board member for the International Pet and Animal Transportation Association.

But Jennifer Skiff said some of the changes are unwarranted and too costly. She works for Animal Wellness Action, a Washington group focused on preventing animal cruelty that helps organizations import animals. She said those groups work with diplomats and military personnel who have had trouble meeting requirements, and was a reason some owners were forced to leave their dogs behind.

The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group. The AP is solely responsible for all content.

How The 3-3-3 Rule Can Save Your RV Road Trip

S ometimes, we can get so caught up in the excitement of a road trip that we forget to take some important safety precautions like planning out rest stops and setting expectations for how long to spend in one place. The 3-3-3 rule is a great way to remind ourselves that rest and relaxation are an essential part of a road trip, especially when traveling around in an RV . The rule goes like this: Never drive more than 300 miles in a day; arrive at your camp before 3 p.m.; and plan to stay at a destination along your route for at least 3 days.

By following this rule you can prevent accidents, get your camp set up safely, and actually be able to enjoy your trip while getting that R&R you need. While this isn't the only rule out there, it is one that's commonly used to keep RVers safe while on the road.

The 3-3-3 Rule Can Keep You Safe And Well-Rested

So now that you know what the 3-3-3 rule is, let's go over why each of those steps is so important. When driving an RV cross-country or just a very long distance, it can be tempting to try and get to your ultimate destination as quickly as possible. However, if you've ever driven even 100 miles in a day you can probably imagine the fatigue that sets in after another 200. If you're doing all that driving, you might be putting yourself, your passengers, and everyone else on the road at risk. So, this is your sign to take stops along the way, switch drivers if/when possible, and plan your stops accordingly.

The next part of the rule is to arrive before 3 p.m. This is so you have time to set up your camp before the sun sets and so you can enjoy the area a bit on your first day there. This is also a good rule since most campground attendants are only on duty from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m., so if you need help with something and you've arrived after 3 p.m., you're probably on your own until the next day. Finally, there's the last part of the rule. By doing a bit of slow travel and staying at least 3 days, you'll have time to recover from driving and the opportunity to fully enjoy the stop along your route.

Other Numerical Rules You Can Follow

If you find this particular 3-3-3 rule doesn't work for your road trip plans, consider that it can also be adjusted. For instance, you can take a break after every 3 hours of driving. If you hate the monotony of driving, this can break it up into nice little chunks, making it a bit more manageable.

Similar to the 3-3-3 rule, you can try the 2-2-2 rule which is that you only drive 200 miles in a day, try to arrive before 2 p.m., and spend 2 nights at your destination. This means you'll be making more stops along the road trip route with less time spent driving in a day. This is great for RVers who would rather stop to see more places along the way but spend a little less time there.

Meanwhile, the 4-4-4 rule involves longer driving times and longer stays at a single destination. With extended driving times, it's recommended that you definitely have another person with you who is capable of driving an RV. This would also be a rule better left to those more experienced with RVs since it involves arriving later in the afternoon or evening when there will likely be no campground attendant available to help out.

Read this next: Safety Items You Should Pack For Your Next Road Trip

From August 1 Onward: Required Documents for Bringing a Dog into the United States

The documents on this website are specific to the importation of dogs under CDC’s updated dog and cat regulation, effective August 1, 2024. All suspension rules remain in effect through July 31, 2024. If your dog is entering the United States before August 1, 2024, you must follow the rules of the temporary suspension. Please find relevant information (and use the DogBot) at What Your Dog Needs to Enter the United States . On August 1, the new requirements become effective.

The documents required depend upon where your dog has been vaccinated for rabies, and what countries they have been in during the six months before traveling to the United States.

Required documents for dogs with a current rabies vaccination administered in the United States that have been in a high-risk country for dog rabies within the 6 months before entry:

• The CDC Dog Import Form will be accessible beginning July 15, 2024. Check back at that time for travel occurring on or after August 1, 2024.
• The Certification of U.S.-issued Rabies Vaccination form must be completed by a U.S.-accredited veterinarian before the dog leaves the United States. U.S.-accredited veterinarians can access the form and its instructions at Veterinary Export Health Certification System (VEHCS) Help Page
• Instructions for veterinarians are available here: Instructions to complete the Certification of U.S.-issued Rabies Vaccination Form [PDF – 4 pages] .
• This document can be shown instead of the  Certification of U.S.-issued Rabies Vaccination  form.
• The rabies vaccination must be valid (not expired) on the date of return or the form will be invalid.

Required documents for dogs that departed the United States and have been only in dog rabies-free or low-risk countries during the 6 months before entry:

AND one of the following:

• The Certification of U.S.-issued Rabies Vaccination form must be completed by a U.S.-accredited veterinarian before the dog leaves the Unites States. U.S.-accredited veterinarians can access the form and its instructions at Veterinary Export Health Certification System (VEHCS) Help Page
• Lists the destination as the dog rabies-free or low-risk country from which the dog is returning (the form will only be valid for 30 days if it does not contain rabies vaccination information) (the form will only be valid for 30 days if it does not contain rabies vaccination information), or
• Documents a valid (unexpired) rabies vaccination administered in the United States (the form will be valid for the duration of the rabies vaccination (1 or 3 years)).

Required forms for dogs that have been in a country at high-risk for dog rabies within the 6 months before entry (and do not have Certification of U.S.-Issued Rabies Vaccination form)

• Certification of Foreign Rabies Vaccination and Microchip form [PDF – 2 pages] Fillable Adobe PDF forms don’t function properly within web browsers (Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, etc). You should download fillable PDFs and complete them using Adobe Reader or Adobe Acrobat.
• Instructions to complete the Certification of Foreign Rabies Vaccination and Microchip form [PDF – 2 pages]
• For information on CDC-registered animal facilities, see: CDC-registered animal care facilities .

Optional, in addition to above forms, to avoid 28-day quarantine at a CDC-registered animal care facility:

• For information on CDC-approved laboratories, see: Approved Rabies Serology Laboratories for Testing Dogs .

Required documents for dogs that have been ONLY in countries that are dog rabies-free or low-risk during the 6 months before entry (and do not have Certification of U.S.-Issued Rabies Vaccination form or USDA-endorsed export health certificate)

• Certification of Dog Arriving from DMRVV-free or Low-Risk Country into the United States form
• Certification of Dog Arriving from DMRVV-free or Low-Risk Country into the United States form [PDF – 2 pages] Fillable Adobe PDF forms don’t function properly within web browsers (Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, etc). You should download fillable PDFs and complete them using Adobe Reader or Adobe Acrobat.
• Instructions to complete the Certification of Dog Arriving from DRMVV-free or Low-Risk Country into the United States form [PDF – 2 pages]
• Veterinary records (including microchip number) for the previous 6 months
• Certification of Foreign Rabies Vaccination and Microchip form
• Valid rabies serology titer OR veterinary records (including microchip number) for the previous 6 months
• Contact your local veterinarian in the country of export for assistance obtaining this form.
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Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1:

The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.

The Supreme Court has long recognized the right to travel from one state to another under the Privileges and Immunities Clause, 1 Footnote See, e.g. , Ward v. Maryland, 79 U.S. 418, 430 (1870) ( “[The Privileges and Immunities] clause plainly and unmistakably secures and protects the right of a citizen of one State to pass into any other State of the Union . . . .” ); Paul v. Virginia, 75 U.S. 168, 180 (1868) (stating that the Privileges and Immunities Clause includes “the right of free ingress into other States, and egress from them” ), overruled on other grounds by United States v. S.-E. Underwriters Ass’n, 322 U.S. 533 (1944) ; see generally United States v. Guest, 383 U.S. 745, 762–67 (1966) (Harlan, J., concurring in part and dissenting in part) (surveying cases). as well as other constitutional provisions. 2 Footnote See Guest , 383 U.S. at 759 ( “Although there have been recurring differences in emphasis within the Court as to the source of the constitutional right of interstate travel, there is no need here to canvass those differences further. All have agreed that the right exists.” ). For example, the Court held that a state could not constitutionally limit access to medical care to its own residents, and deny access to nonresidents, without interfering with the right to travel. 3 Footnote Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179, 200 (1973) , abrogated on other grounds by Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Org. , No. 19-1393 (U.S. June 24, 2022) .

In Saenz v. Roe , the Court characterized the constitutional “right to travel” as having “at least three different components” :

It protects [1] the right of a citizen of one State to enter and to leave another State, [2] the right to be treated as a welcome visitor rather than an unfriendly alien when temporarily present in the second State, and, [3] for those travelers who elect to become permanent residents, the right to be treated like other citizens of that State. 4 Footnote 526 U.S. 489, 500 (1999) (numbering added).

While the Court did not expressly identify the constitutional basis of the first component, it noted that the Articles of Confederation’s privileges and immunities clause explicitly protected the “free ingress and regress to and from any other State.” 5 Footnote Id. at 501 (citing Articles of Confederation of 1781 art. IV, § 1) . As for the second component of the right to travel, the Court found it to be “expressly protected by the text of the Constitution” through the Privileges and Immunities Clause. 6 Footnote Id. at 501–502 . Saenz connected the third component of the right to travel to the Fourteenth Amendment ’s Privileges or Immunities Clause. 7 Footnote Id. at 502–03 (citing U.S. Const. amend. XIV, § 1 ). The Commerce Clause is another potential textual basis for the right to travel. See Guest , 383 U.S. at 758 (citing Edwards v. California, 314 U.S. 160, 173 (1941) ).

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FERC shakes up power industry with landmark grid rule

By Zach Bright | 05/13/2024 01:44 PM EDT

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission in a 2-1 vote approved the rule aimed at facilitating a massive build-out of the U.S. electric system.

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission headquarters in Washington. Francis Chung/E&E News

Federal energy regulators on Monday directed U.S. electricity grid operators to plan new transmission infrastructure that can deliver more renewable energy and defend against extreme weather.

A   divided Federal Energy Regulatory Commission said grid planners and transmission owners must look 20 years ahead to expected shifts in how electricity is produced and consider a range of long-term benefits to building and upgrading power lines. The vote for the rule, Order 1920, was 2-1.

FERC established new requirements for how the costs of building high-voltage power lines should be allocated among customers, pulling states deeper into issues around regional infrastructure.

Also Monday, FERC unanimously passed a separate rule, Order 1977, that gives it the authority to grant permits to electric transmission lines in certain instances where states do not act first.

The development of long-distance power lines that cross multiple states is increasingly dividing red and blue states. Many led by Democrats are adopting clean energy and climate goals that will require a larger grid, while some Republicans wary of a transition away from fossil fuels have questioned the costs of projects that may cross into their borders.

Monday’s FERC decision seeks to change federal and state approaches to regional planning that has made it harder to shift the nation to low-carbon technology. In areas where grid planning isn’t well coordinated among states, projections for rapidly expanding demand from data centers and the electrification of homes and vehicles is raising concern about grid reliability.

FERC Chair Willie Phillips called both new rules “giant steps” and said the transmission planning and cost allocation rule “cannot come fast enough.”

“Combined, these two new rules make the first significant FERC action on transmission policy in more than a decade,” Phillips said during Monday’s meeting.

New transmission projects spanning hundreds of miles are crucial if more renewable energy is to move from prime wind- and solar-producing areas of the Great Plains and Southwest to urban centers.

Seeking to expand the economic and political argument for a bigger and more resilient power grid, the Department of Energy has stressed the crucial role transmission lines can play in preventing or recovering from grid emergencies caused by weather assaults like Winter Storm Uri that rocked the Texas system in 2021.

Biden administration officials have said the existing regional transmission capacity needs to double to achieve a goal of cutting carbon pollution from the power sector by 2035. And electric utilities have been ratcheting down their use of coal. But power generation still accounts for nearly a quarter of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions.

Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-N.Y.), who pushed FERC on the rulemaking, welcomed the final standards as talks on grid legislation languish in Congress.

“These new rules together with the Inflation Reduction Act will deliver lower costs for American families, cleaner air for our communities and a brighter future for the youngest generation and beyond,” Schumer said.

Beyond legal authority?

At FERC, the transmission policy debate has reflected a divide over clean energy and climate change. The two Democrats that form the commission’s current majority voted to pass the rule, with Phillips saying the rule presents strong opportunities for states to have a role in divvying up costs.

Commissioner Allison Clements, the other Democrat, called the rule “as common sense as it is historic.”

Commissioner Mark Christie, the lone Republican, voiced strong opposition to the rule, arguing that it “goes far beyond FERC’s legal authority and fails to perform our consumer protection function and the Federal Power Act.”

“This final rule is not a compromise,” he said during Monday’s meeting. “I was perfectly prepared to vote for this final rule, if it were a bipartisan compromise, if it preserved the state role that everybody sitting up here voted for two years ago.”

Clements diverged in her concurring statement from Christie’s view, saying “In reading the stridently worded dissent that I believe misrepresents the final rule and strains in its legal rationale, I can only surmise that ‘thou doth protest too much.'”

FERC has for months been under pressure to advance a final rule on transmission planning and cost allocation. More than 100 lawmakers and tech giants and private companies have sent letters with that message.

Now, attention turns to how states respond to FERC’s latest attempt at grid planning policy.

FERC’s new policy directs planners to seek agreement among state energy officials in setting cost-allocation formulas for multistate power lines. The FERC rule applies to grid planning organizations in the lower 48 states. The rule does not affect the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, the grid operator in most of the Lone Star state that is largely isolated from the rest of the U.S. power system.

FERC, as expected, did not act on a policy proposal that could have expanded planning requirements to interregional power line projects, which could advance development of the longest lines.

The nation’s major regional transmission organizations have only begun strengthening their interconnections in recent years. FERC has sought industry and advocacy group comment on an interregional planning policy and invited experts to weigh in on a possible rule that would require a minimum of transfer capacity between regions.

“Not everybody is going to get everything that they want. I don’t even get everything that I want,” Phillips said. “But that is the nature of these large proceedings and these large rules here at FERC.”

Reporter Peter Behr contributed.

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