tourist trophy death list

The Deadliest Race On The Planet

The TT’s deadliest year was in 1970 when six racers were killed, including three during practice. 2005 saw three TT fatalities and six Manx Grand Prix deaths in the same summer season. For several decades until 1976, the Isle of Man event was part of the Motorcycle Grand Prix world competitions (now MotoGP), but in 1972 Italian champion Giacomo Agostini came out with a protest against the extreme dangers of the course. The ten-time TT winner was followed by other riders who boycotted the island's race, eventually taking it off the Grand Prix schedule. Despite some calls over the years to discontinue the TT racing festival, fiercely loyal followings and economic benefits to the Isle of Man have kept the notorious event going for over a century.

If tradition ever comes with a deadly sacrifice, then the TT is certainly a winner. IF YOU ENJOY OUR CONTENT, PLEASE CONSIDER A VOLUNTARY DONATION TO SUPPORT OUR WRITING & JOURNALISTIC EFFORTS.

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The Isle of Men: The World’s Deadliest Race

O nce a year, for six days, the population of a small island in the Irish Sea doubles as motorcycle enthusiasts from around the globe flock to the racing mecca.

The Isle of Man Tourist Trophy is perhaps the most dangerous race on earth, with 242 deaths in its 107 years of existence. The TT, as it is commonly known, is the oldest race in motorcycle history, uniting high-octane adrenaline junkies with fun loving drunken bikers.

With six different events to boast of, the Manx TT races paralyze the island, as the event closes down these country roads so bikers can zoom, curve and dip through a 37.5 mile long loop at a frightening 130 mph average speed—that’s one lap in less than 18 minutes. All the kids on the island are given time off and the local economy thrives, making a large part of its earnings for the year. For those few days in spring, the incessant roar of motorcycle engines spewing high-pitched noise can be heard across the island as racers rev up for the main event.

In addition to traditional motorcycle racing, the event includes categories for electric motorcycles, sidecar racing, and various engine-sized motorbikes that see racers compete for top rank, risking life and limb in the process. Over the course of this year’s races, two men tragically lost their lives in crashes, as did one tourist riding his bike and a field marshal hired to clear the track before racing begins.

Conor Cummins, a seasoned rider describes the event as “the best race on the planet”—this despite a devastating crash in 2010 that shattered his arm, broke his back, dislocated his knee, bruised his lung and fractured his pelvis. Cummins, a native to the Isle of Man, was back on his bike 8 months later and somehow managed to compete in the following year’s Senior TT. “That was then and this is now,” says Cummins on the eve of the 2014 race “and it’s taken a lot to get back from to be honest, it took a lot of strength… And hopefully I’ll start seeing the fruits of my labors.”

On race day, Cummins, the soft spoken Manx rider tore through six laps and 226.38 miles as he competed with the heir to the Dunlop family name, Michael Dunlop. Despite a neck-and-neck race, Cummins came in second and was cheered as a victor by the local population, proving his worth to his Honda-sponsored team in the process.

As the list of deceased racers continues to grow, some wonder how much longer this race can go on.

“No one is forcing anyone to do this race… there’s not one man in that paddock that signed up because they have to” says Cummins. “iI’s because they want to.”

Die hard fans stand in the way of anyone who objects to the danger of the event, as one fan gleefully explained. When asked what he would do if they tried to cancel the Isle of Man TT, he responded simply: “Over my dead body.”

A little over a month after the TT ended, Conor crashed again at the Southern 100 on the Isle of Man, suffering a broken left forearm .“Had a bit of a shunt yesterday and got ran into by another bike,” he said. “I will be back better and stronger in no time all being well. Game on!”

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‘TOURIST TROPHY’: OUT NOW

‘Tourist Trophy’, the feature-length documentary film covering the 2022 Isle of Man TT Races, is out now and available to stream for FREE on TT+

Directed by accomplished documentary maker, Adam Kaleta, the film is an authentic, true-to-life portrayal of the 2022 TT Races, following several of the event’s leading competitors as they navigate the highs and lows of racing on the Mountain Course.

The film follows several of the leading protagonists who competed at the 2022 event and allows us to better rationalise the TT mind-set through the authentic portrayal of each rider’s TT story.

There’s the determination of Mike Russell as he strives to compete in every race; the highly-anticipated newcomer, Glenn Irwin, who finds his meticulous preparation is challenged by the two-week emotional rollercoaster; and his legendary team-mate, John McGuinness MBE, whose 100th TT race start leads to some searching questions for the 50-year-old. We also follow the journey of the record-breaking sidecar constructors, Tom and Ben Birchall, while no film about today’s TT would be complete without Peter Hickman, the fastest rider ever around the TT Mountain Course – and arguably the man of the moment.

‘Tourist Trophy’ is available to stream exclusively on TT+, the event’s free-to-register digital platform.

LIMITED-TIME OFFER

The film’s release will also coincide with the launch of the 2023 TT+ Live Pass . With an expanded ten-race programme in 2023 , the TT+ Live Pass continues to represent incredible value for money, delivering 11 days of edge-of-your-seat live coverage to your favourite screen or device via the TT+ digital platform.

To celebrate the release of ‘Tourist Trophy’, advance purchasers of the 2023 TT+ Live Pass can take advantage of our limited-time offer and secure theirs for the same 2022 price of £14.99 .

You might also like

Keep the buzz of the TT alive all-year round thanks to an unmissable line-up of new free to watch content coming exclusively to TT+ this Autumn.

The Department for Enterprise has today confirmed the final schedule for the 2023 Isle of Man TT Races.

New, feature-length documentary film covering the 2022 Isle of Man TT Races will launch in late November, exclusively to TT+

'TOURIST TROPHY' - STREAMING NOW

NEWS... BUT NOT AS YOU KNOW IT

Isle of Man TT – the world’s most dangerous sporting event

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The Isle of Man TT is, without doubt, the most dangerous race on the planet. When Japanese rider Yoshinari Matsushita died in an accident during qualifying session at this year’s event, that brought the total death toll in its 106-year history to 240. Despite huge improvements in safety measures at the TT, 21 have been killed since the turn of the century. Never mind just motorsport, this is probably the deadliest of any sporting event.

What is it? The TT, or Tourist Trophy, was first held in 1907. It was lengthened from 15 miles to the full 37.75m Snaefell Mountain course in 1911, and this is the circuit still used today. These are public roads which, for two weeks every year close to become a racetrack.

Quick, very, very quick There are five main classes for motorbikes – Superbike, Senior, Superstock, Supersport and Lightweight. The big races take up to six laps, which amounts to a staggering 226.5 miles in a little over and hour and three-quarters. The key stat for a TT rider is the average speed they can record over a lap. The fastest ever was set by John McGuinness, averaging 131.578mph. The races run from Saturday, June 1 until Friday, June 7, when the TT comes to a climax with the Senior. There are highlights of all the action to be found on ITV4.

The man to beat As his lap time suggests, McGuinness takes some catching. With 19 TT victories, he is second on the all-time list to the legendary Joey Dunlop, who won 26 times. Joey’s nephew Michael is now one of McGuinness’ main rivals.

Dangerous, very, very dangerous The danger to life and limb comes from a combination of mind-numbing speed and the course, which is narrow, has 264 corners and is lined by very hard objects such as stone walls and telegraph poles which you definitely do not want to ride a motorbike into. And when it goes wrong, as it did for Conor Cummins in 2010, the outcome can be horrific. In the case of the Manxman, he didn’t die but he came about as close as anyone could when disaster struck at 150mph. He broke bones all over his body, snapped his knee ligaments and needed months of intensive medical treatment. Incredibly, he was back at the TT the following year. Here is the crash – it’s not for the faint-hearted.

Why? That’s the question hanging over this race, which has always been the target for critics calling for it to be stopped. Just why would anyone want to take part in something where the chances of serious injury and death are so high, and the rewards – at least financially – are nothing like they would be in the slightly safer environment of something like MotoGP? And should they even be allowed to? A good place to find an answer is Rick Broadbent’s brilliant book on the TT,  That Near-Death Thing . The title sums it up pretty well, a quote from competitor Guy Martin when dealing with this very question.

Martin, talking about a horrific crash he suffered at the TT from which he emerged battered but unbowed, went on: ‘The buzz from that was just unbeatable. That moment between crashing and almost dying. That’s raised the benchmark. I want to get back to that point. Money can’t buy it. Everything’s been so sanitised with bloody PC nonsense and health and safety that there’s nothing else is there? If it was dead safe I wouldn’t do it.’

Another viewpoint comes from Bridget Dobbs, whose husband Paul was killed at the TT in 2010. Dobbs, who returned to the TT a year later with her two children, told Broadbent the event had to continue.

‘People just have a way of getting on with life,’ she said. ‘Not everybody would choose to be a firefighter or an ambulance driver. Not everyone wants to see the nasty bits of life. We all buy our meat wrapped in plastic because we don’t like to think about the animal that died. Nobody likes the idea of killing a rabbit or a chicken, not even a butcher, but you just get on with it.

‘You don’t stop because you stop winning. You don’t stop because you have a scare and you don’t stop because you see someone else have a fatality. None of those things change the fact you love racing.’

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Isle of Man TT: The sights, sounds and stars of the most dangerous race in the world

Six lives were claimed in last year’s event. 265 motorbike riders have died on the mountain course. so, what triggers riders to risk it all year-on-year kieran jackson travels to the isle of man to meet the daredevils seeking the thrill – and peril – of a lifetime, article bookmarked.

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J ohn McGuinness is all too aware that this time, any time, could be the last time. With 23 Isle of Man TT wins to his name – a record for any living rider – and more than 100 races heading into his 20 th year in 2023, the 51-year-old does not need telling twice. He might not be coming back.

One form of preparation always needs fulfilling.

“When I’m getting ready for the TT, I wash the cars, mow the lawn, put the finances straight,” he says. “Stuff like that. Because you never know.”

It’s more than caution, it’s reality. Why? Because for two weeks every year, this island in the middle of the Irish Sea plays host to – with little argument – the world’s most dangerous race. The 37-mile Mountain Course, with 219 turns where speeds can hit a lap-average of 135 mph and a maximum pace of 206mph, has claimed 265 lives in both the TT and August’s Manx Grand Prix, effectively the amateur competition.

But there is nothing amateurish about it. For its treachery and deadliness comes a thrill and exhilaration which, as The Independent learns in speaking to those who risk their lives for such sensations, is not matched anywhere. Not just in motor racing. Literally anywhere.

Yet is that enough? After six riders died in the 2022 edition, have some thought twice about a return this year? And as they propel themselves down Bray Hill up to the formidable Ago’s Leap – flying through time in the most spine-chilling seconds in motorsport – do they actually think about the unthinkable?

They say the moments before take-off are the worst. Anticipation has been bubbling, nerves jangling, ever since last year’s TT concluded. For most of the daredevils who ride a motorbike in this event, 12 months’ worth of work, of preparation, of jostling with the mind, comes down to an official’s tap on the shoulder – the TT’s rather old-school method of lights out.

For Ryan Cringle, this will all be new. Cringle is a local; a Manxman who has dominated the island’s racing scene. His younger brother, Jamie, made his debut last year. Now 29, Ryan is no stranger to being in-and-around the paddock but had delayed entering the TT until he felt comfortable. Well, as comfortable as can be.

“My emotions have not been bad until this weekend,” he says, the night before his first laps on the bike as a newcomer. “I struggled to sleep last night because, s***, it’s getting real now.”

ISLE OF MAN TT - Q&A

What is the Isle of Man TT?

A series of motorbike races held every May-June for two weeks in the Isle of Man. 2023 will be the 102nd edition.

How many races are there?

A record 10 in 2023.

What does TT stand for?

Tourist Trophy. It first ran in 1907 and attracted riders from England and Europe, intended for motorcycles ‘similar to those sold to the public’ called touring machines.

Is the TT part of any world championship?

Not anymore. In 1977, the TT lost its world championship status (now known as MotoGP) due to safety concerns.

Beyond the experienced racers who, of their own accord, return every year there is a fervour that the ultimate decision comes at the beginning. Aware of the very real consequences – with little in the way of course protection should you crash – will you give it a go?

Seek the ultimate thrill, parallel to the peril of a lifetime.

“I’m not shy speaking about what could happen,” Cringle adds. “That’s the reality and everyone knows that. There’s no point getting beat up about it. I see certain sections of the track and start getting anxiety, a sick sinking feeling in my stomach.

“When your time is up, it’s up. If it’s going to happen, it’s going to happen.”

Come Monday morning, with the start delayed by 25 minutes, Cringle’s time has arrived. Starting in view of the main grandstand on Glencrutchery Road, he is away. The acceleration, even from a standing-start, is mind-boggling. And on the approach to Bray Hill, the pace only picks up.

On the other side of the road from the stands is Douglas Borough Cemetery; the underlying threat in very firm view. Cringle’s TT career has begun: an ambition realised.

But some don’t make it back. The first week of practice and qualifying is designed to give the riders ample time to learn the intricacies of the course, with a typical lap taking around 17 minutes. Confidence is slowly built-up, lap times are slowly whistled down.

By the second week, race-week, the field are ready to put it all on the line. 2023 will be the biggest event in the competition’s history with 10 races in total, while the finale of the Senior TT is now a day later, on Saturday.

Two of those 10 races are sidecar races; piloted by a driver and a passenger, these three-wheeled machines can hit speeds of 160mph, with the TT track negotiated with roughly 60% of the throttle wide open.

When your time is up, it’s up. If it’s going to happen, it’s going to happen.

Driver and passenger must work in perfect harmony, with the driver kneeling behind the wheel while the passenger transfers their weight left-to-right or forward-to-back, depending on the corner.

Which is why, often, teams are families.

Last year, tragedy struck. The father-and-son duo of Roger and Bradley Stockton died after a crash at Ago’s Leap on the final lap of the final sidecar race. Roger, 56, was competing in his 11 th TT; Bradley, 21, his first.

Heartbreaking, of that there is no doubt. But Bradley had fulfilled a dream by competing in the TT alongside his father. Having grown up in the paddock, he decided at 16 he wanted to replicate his dad, insisting he simply “couldn’t wait to race in the TT.”

It is a feeling all too familiar to the Birchall brothers. Hailing from Mansfield, the brothers nine years apart in age are 12-time TT winners – and won both sidecar races last year.

“You’re so desperate to come back,” Ben, the driver, says in the refreshingly informal environment that is the TT paddock. “It’s like touching a f***ing red hot poker. You’re not supposed to but you keep thinking… should I? And you do.”

Tom, the passenger, is in agreement: “You do not experience this buzz anywhere else. Ever. You’ve done so much work, it’s now or never. Put it all behind you and go for f***ing hell. He’s fully committed so I need to be on his level of commitment. You know what’s at stake – that big silver trophy and the feeling in the winners’ enclosure.

“It’s a drug. It’s your dopamine level saying get me back there, I want to do that.”

Thundering down Bray Hill past the petrol station on the right, with hordes of spectators lining the playing fields of St Ninian’s High School on the left, there cannot be any second thoughts.

“No build-up,” says Ben of the race start and negotiating Bray Hill. “Zero to 160, get on with it. If you want to do it any good, you have to do it flat out. There’s no choice.

“Because you set off from a standing start and you’ve got time, you make a better job of your [gear] shift. Perfect, perfect, perfect.”

Tom has to match it, too. “You set off down Bray Hill, there’s no point going ‘hang on Ben, I’m not ready.’ Be ready. Be there. You’re not going to better that. You build up this protective barrier.”

The brotherly bond is pronounced. “He’s my mate. Imagine you’ve just won a TT. And I get to do it with my brother who I love,” concludes Ben. No wonder they’re the favourites again this year.

Yet if to illustrate the risks that come with the rewards, later on opening day, The Independent is pencilled in to speak to the Crowe brothers, who also ride a sidecar. But passenger Callum is being treated for a leg injury in hospital after clipping the inside of Laurel Bank in qualifying.

“Bit sore, but nothing major,” is the response from their camp.

In the Isle of Man, no interview is guaranteed.

A crash in practice week, you would think, puts you off. That dose of reality amid the adrenaline-fuelled ride. But not for Sam West. In 2022, he was involved in a high-speed crash at Laurel Bank. Suffering a hole in his hand and severe knee injuries, his bike quickly burst into a fireball. But a few days later, miraculously, he was back on the bike in time for race week.

“I was so frustrated with my body taking its time to heal,” he says, present in the paddock a year on. “By the end of race week, I definitely wasn’t fit. I was fatigued, it was dangerous.

“But the TT has become my life’s work. Everything revolves around it, even my motorbike shop in Stoke. I can only do the life I have because of the TT. Without it, I’d feel like I wouldn’t have a life. My girlfriend who I met racing in Macau, says ‘stop doing it’ but I don’t think she quite understands how important it is to me.”

The buzz is something everyone at the TT talks about it. Understandably so. But something quite often overlooked is the skill of each rider to compete on the mountain course. Crazy lunatics? Solely adrenaline junkies? Insults, the pair of them.

“A lot of people think we have to take out our brains to go fast here, it’s the complete opposite,” tells Peter Hickman , the all-time lap record-holder at an average speed of 135.452mph in 2018.

“It’s about using your brain and calculating the risk at the right time. We’re not just idiots, we’re not just crazy. The people who win here and are here for a long time are clever people.”

If the skillset of the drivers is an aspect of the event often ignored, calls for it to be banned are not. Nowadays, those calls usually rear their head on social media. But every driver spoken to repeats the same fundamental principle: free choice.

“It’s a risk we’ve all already accepted,” Hickman insists after the first day of practice, where he hit a top speed of 200mph. “If I make a mistake, I know what the consequences are. If I’m OK with that, I’m here. If I’m not, then I wouldn’t be here.”

And some do think twice. Glenn Irwin was 2022’s best newcomer but is missing out this year, stating: “As a father, it is the right choice.”

But for most, the temptation is too strong. “You can talk about this place until you’re blue in the face… until you stand at the roadside and see a bike go past you at 190mph, you won’t get it,” says Hickman, who like many others ‘warms up’ for the TT by playing the official video game on his PlayStation.

If I make a mistake, I know what the consequences are.

“It’s not just visual, it’s a feeling. When people come here for the first time, even people into bikes and racing, they see the first bike go through and they literally can’t talk.”

As the bike accelerates down Bray Hill up to Quarterbridge Road and over Ago’s Leap in a manner ethereal as well as ferocious, leaves are shifted from their spot on the pavement. A marshal in a high-vis top standing on the footpath, unfathomably close, raises his eyebrows. You hear the bike’s engine before you see it, but only marginally. Gone before you can blink, fans touch their left ear. A deafening sound.

For a spectator, a spectacle like no other. For a regular rider, the norm; apexes must be hit. For a newcomer?

“I had a lot of doubt just before I started,” says Cringle, the morning after the day before. “Bray Hill is mental – as you go over the right (turn) before you flick a left (turn) and go down the hill, there’s a bump. The wheel comes up and you start setting the bike down, then there’s a big bump again and before you get to the bottom, the bike compresses and you’re doing a wheelie.

“I don’t know how to put the whole lap into words. It’s scary, the bike was shaking, but it’s just grit your teeth and get through it.

“I did it and was like holy s***. It was nuts. But so, so good.”

The danger is palpable but improvements in safety are always strived for. Virtual red flags are now in operation to quicken communication between the 400 marshals positioned around the course. Each bike is now fitted with compulsory GPS technology. Riders must also wear chest armour beneath their racing suits; a move enforced last year which West credits with saving his life.

“I hit the wall and while the armour was pulled apart, I didn’t have a single bruise on my chest,” he reveals. “It saved my life – 15 years ago, I’d have died from internal organ failure. It’s the ignorance of the human though. We think it won’t happen to us, we turn a blind eye as much as we can.”

And there, in essence, is the TT. The ultimate risk, with the prize of ultimate liberation. As qualifying fizzles out with race week on the horizon, the riders are in their own zone. Not racing others, so much as themselves. Enraptured in their own bubble, under the helmet, with just the bike and the road in their minds. Little wonder they keep coming back.

“It’s a compliment to the TT to say I’d stick my neck on the line,” West sums up, leaving a question lingering in the air. “The course is hair-raising. This is my life. I give everything to the sport.

“Life is there to be lived. Would you give up your life to avoid dying?”

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www.wiki3.en-us.nina.az

List of isle of man tt mountain course fatalities.

This list is of fatal accidents on the Isle of Man TT Mountain Course used for the Isle of Man TT races, Manx Grand Prix and Classic TT races. [1] The TT Course was first used as an automobile road-racing circuit for the 1908 Tourist Trophy event for racing automobiles, then known as the Four Inch Course . [2] For the 1911 Isle of Man TT race motor-cycle races, the event was moved from the St John's Short Course to the Four Inch Course by the UK Auto-Cycle Club, and became known as the Isle of Man TT Mountain Course, or TT Course, when used for motorcycle racing.

Victor Surridge was the first fatality on the Isle of Man TT Mountain Course, after an accident at Glen Helen during practice for the 1911 Isle of Man TT races. This was possibly the first death in the Isle of Man of a person in a motorcycle or road vehicle accident. [3]

The deadliest year was 2005, when 11 people died; three riders and one marshal died during the June race, and six riders and one course bystander died during the Manx Grand Prix in August/September 2005. Since 1937, the only year in which races were held but no fatalities occurred was 1982.

• 1.1 Motorcycles & sidecars
• 1.2 Motor racing
• 2.1 Race officials
• 2.2 Parade laps
• 2.3 Unofficial competition testing
• 2.4 Spectators
• 3 By nationality
• 6 External links

Racing deaths

Motorcycles & sidecars, motor racing, other deaths, race officials, parade laps, unofficial competition testing, by nationality.

• ^ a b "The Quick and the Dead", The Times , Saturday Supplement, June 1990
• ^ TT Topics and Tales , page 69 by David Wright – Amulree Publications (4 April 2006) ISBN   1-901508-09-9
• ^ "Motor Cyclist Killed – Accident in the Isle of Man". Manchester Guardian . 28 June 1911. p. 6. from the original on 11 June 2022 . Retrieved 11 June 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 7 FATALITY AT GLEN HELEN, 1 July 1911
• ^ Ramsey Courier , page 6, MOTOR-CYCLIST KILLED, 30 June 1911
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 8, 7 June 1913
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 3, 30 May 1914
• ^ TT Guide 2003  – Motor-Cycle News page 19 (2003) EMAP Publications
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 7, 16 June 1923
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 4, 22 September 1923
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 3, 5 September 1925
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 7, 11 June 1927
• ^ a b c d e f TT Century – One Hundred Years of the Tourist Trophy , by Stuart Barker, page 62, (2007) (1st Edition) The Random House Group; ISBN   9781846052354 EMAP Automotive
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 3, 15 June 1927
• ^ The Keig Collection: six hundred photographs from the Manx House of Keig of T.T. riders and their machines from 1911 to 1939, vol 1 , collected by SR Keig page 4 (1975) (1st edition) Bruce Main-Smith & Co ISBN   0-904365-05-0
• ^ Ramsey Courier and Northern Advertiser , pages 1–3 14 June 1929
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 12, 22 June 1929
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 1, 21 June 1929
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 4-5, 20 June 1931
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 3, 27 June 1931
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 5, 17 June 1933
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 7, 2 September 1933
• ^ a b The Keig Collection: six hundred photographs from the Manx House of Keig of T.T. riders and their machines from 1911 to 1939, vol 1 , collected by SR Keig page 15 (1975) (1st edition) Bruce Main-Smith & Co ISBN   0-904365-05-0
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• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 18, 27 May 1997
• ^ Motocourse History of the Isle of Man Tourist Trophy Races 1907–1989 , by Nick Harris page 58 (1990)(1st Edition) Hazelton Publishing ISBN   0-905138-71-6
• ^ a b Isle of Man Examiner , page 1, 2 June 1950
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• ^ Motor Cycling , page 572, 7 June 1951
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• ^ Motor Cycling , page vi, 18 June 1953
• ^ Motor Cycling , page xii, 18 June 1953
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 3&6, 11 June 1954
• ^ Daily Dispatch , page 1, 19 June 1954
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 7; Senior TT Crash Inquest, 25 June 1954
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 6, 10 September 1954
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 4, 10 September 1955
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 6, 9 September 1955
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 5, 15 June 1956
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 7, 22 June 1956
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 1, 31 August 1956
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• ^ The Motor Cycle , page 733, 13 June 1957
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• ^ Mona's Herald , page 7, 12 September 1958
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• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 2, 12 September 1958
• ^ TT News edited by GS Davison , page 2, 9 September 1958
• ^ Mona's Herald , page 3, 8 September 1959
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 2, 11 September 1959
• ^ Mona's Herald , page 6, 15 September 1959
• ^ a b Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 1, 9 September 1960
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• ^ a b c d Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 1, 7 September 1962
• ^ a b Manx Green Final , page 1, 8 September 1962
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• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 1, 4 June 1964
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 9, 11 June 1964
• ^ Mona's Herald , page 3, 7 September 1965
• ^ TT Special , edited by GS Davison page 1, 7 September 1965
• ^ Mona's Herald , page 5, 30 August 1966
• ^ Isle of Man Daily Times , page 1, 30 August 1966
• ^ Japanese Riders in the Isle of Man , by R. Crellin; page 44; Amulree Publications ISBN   978-0-9521126-4-8
• ^ Japanese Racing Motor-Cycles , by Mick Walker; page 82 Redline Books 1999 ISBN   0-9531311-1-4
• ^ Isle of Man TT & MGP Memorial , by Paul Bradford page 83, The Copy Shop ISBN   978-0-9560151-0-5
• ^ TT Special 1967 , page 26, 10 June 1967
• ^ Mona's Herald , page 1, 13 June 1967
• ^ Mona's Herald , page 1, 28 September 1967
• ^ Isle of Man Courier , page 3, 1 September 1967
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 1&10, 1 September 1967
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• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 5, 13 June 1968
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• ^ History of the Isle of Man Clubman's TT Races 1947–1956 , by Fred Pidcock & Bill Snelling; page 69 Amulree Publications (2007) ISBN   1-901508-10-2
• ^ a b Isle of Man Examiner , page 1, 28 August 1969
• ^ Birmingham Daily Post , page 25, 29 August 1969 "Third Manx Grand Prix rider dies lan Sidey, aged 26, a draughtsman, of Dunbarton Road, Glasgow, was killed yesterday while practising for next week's Manx Grand Prix ..."
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• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 1 & 2, 4 June 1970
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• ^ Isle of Man Courier , page 1, 17 June 1970
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• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 8, 29 August 1974
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 1, 5 September 1974
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 3, 3 June 1975
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 3, 6 June 1975
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• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 1, 14 September 1976 "Petrol Leak may have caused crash"
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 1, 2 September 1977
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• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 1, 4 June 1978
• ^ Motor Cycle Weekly , page 1, 2 & 13 IPC Press and Professional Publications (1978) 10 June 1978
• ^ 100 Years of the Isle of Man TT – A Century of Motorcycle Racing , by David Wright page 160 (2007) (1st Edition) The Crowood Press ISBN   978-1-86126-906-5
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 1 & 5, 9 June 1978
• ^ "Kenny Birch". Motorsport Memorial . Retrieved 12 February 2009 .
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• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 9, 11 September 1979 "Misadventure for MGP Rider"
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 4, 10 June 1980 "Inquest Story - Sidecar 'snaked' on wet road"
• ^ Isle of Man TT & MGP Memorial , by Paul Bradford page 130, The Copy Shop ISBN   978-0-9560151-0-5
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 5, 10 June 1980 "Inquest on Sidecar racer"
• ^ The TT Special 1980 No 4 , page 20, Isle of Man Courier (1980) Editor Fred Hanks 6 June 1980
• ^ Isle of Man TT 80 ACU Official Race Guide , page 20, Auto-Cycle Union (1980) "Race 7 Classic Race –, 6 June 1980 41 Roger Corbett 948cc Kawasaki Starting Interval 3:20"
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• ^ . Nottingham Post . Local World. 15 June 2013. Archived from the original on 15 June 2015 . Retrieved 3 March 2015 .
• ^ a b Motor Cycle News , 12 September 1990, p.2 News . Accessed and added 2 March 2015
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1991 , page 11, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1991) Mannin Media
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1991 , page 5, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1991) Mannin Media
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1991 , page 4, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1991) Mannin Media
• ^ , Manx Independent , page 11, 12 June 1992
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1992 , page 4, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1992) Mannin Media
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• ^ Motor Cycle News , page 23, 15 June 1996 EMAP Publication
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1995 , page 5, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1995) Mannin Media
• ^ Manx Grand Prix 1994 – Race Guide , page 5, The Manx Motor-Cycle Club MMCC (1994) Isle of Man Department of Tourism (ACU) Bridson & Horrox "1994 Senior Classic Scoring Sheet; No. 89 Cliff Gobell 492 Weslake Starting Interval 7.20"
• ^ a b c TT News – Issue 1 , page 6, 1 June 1996
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• ^ a b c Motor Cycle News , page 21, 5 June 1996 EMAP Publications
• ^ TT News – Issue 2 , page 15, 5 June 1996
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• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 1, 27 June 1997
• ^ Isle of Man TT 1997 – Official Race Guide , page 10, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1997) Auto Cycle Union – Mannin Media
• ^ TT News – Issue 1 , page 16, 7 June 1998
• ^ Motor Cycle News , page 36, 10 June 1998 EMAP Publications
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• ^ a b Isle of Man Examiner , page 3, 16 June 1998
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1998 , page 41, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1998) Mannin Media
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1999 , page 10, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1999) Mannin Media
• ^ Manx Grand Prix 1998 – Race Guide , page 28 MMCC (1998) Design Works Bridson & Horrox
• ^ Manx Grand Prix 1998 – Race Guide , page 6 MMCC (1998) Design Works Bridson & Horrox
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 1, Isle of Man Newspaper (1999) Johnson Press Publishing   1 June 1999
• ^ TT News – Issue 1 , page 7, 6 June 1999 – Isle of Man Newspapers (1999) Johnson Press Publishing
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1999 , page 14, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1999) Mannin Media
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 1 & 6, Isle of Man Newspapers (1999) Johnston Press Publishing   4 June 1999
• ^ TT News – Issue 2 , page 8, Isle of Man Newspapers (1999)   Johnston Press Publishing 12 June 1999
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 1 & 5, Isle of Man Newspapers (1999) Johnston Press Publishing   11 June 1999
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1999 , page 15, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1999) Mannin Media
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 2, Isle of Man Newspaper (1999) Johnson Press Publishing   15 June 1999
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 5, Isle of Man Newspapers (1999) Johnston Press Publishing   11 June 1999
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• ^ Manx Grand Prix Race Guide , page 20 MMCC (1999) Isle of Man Department of Tourism Bridson & Horrox
• ^ a b c TT News – Issue 1 , page 3, 4 June 2000 – Isle of Man Newspapers
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• ^ TT News Issue – Issue 1 , page 2, 2 June 2002 – Isle of Man Newspapers
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• ^ Manx Grand Prix 2002 – Race Guide , page 40, MMCC (2002) The Design Works; Isle of Man Newspapers
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• ^ ACU Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Races 2004 , page 14, MMCC (2004) Isle of Man Department of Tourism
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• ^ Isle of Man TT 2006 – Official Race Guide , page 10 Isle of Man Department of Tourism (2006) Manx Motor Cycle Club (MMCC) Auto-Cycle Union Mannin Media Group
• ^ Manx Independent , page 3, 25 August 2006
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• ^ a b Manx Independent , page 1, 14 March 2008
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• ^ MGP Race Guide – 2008 Manx Grand Prix , page 14, Manx Motor-Cycle Club (2008) Quine&Cubbon
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• ^ The Official TT Race Guide 2009 , p70 (2009) Isle of Man Department of Tourism Mannin Media Group
• ^ Manx Independent , page 1, 4 September 2009
• ^ MGP Race Guide – 2009 Manx Grand Prix , page 6, Manx Motor-Cycle Club MMCC (2009) Quine&Cubbon
• ^ a b Isle of Man Examiner , page 5, 15 June 2010 Isle of Man Newspapers ISSN  1358-4383
• ^ Manx Independent , page 4, Isle of Man Newspapers (2010) Johnston Press Publishing ISSN  1358-4391 | 20 August 2010
• ^ The Official TT Race Guide 2010 , page 56, ACU Events (2010) Isle of Man Department of Community, Culture & Leisure; Mannin Media Group
• ^ Manx Independent , page 7 Isle of Man Newspapers (2010) Johnston Press Publishing 12 November 2010
• ^ The Official TT Race Guide 2010 , page 75 ACU Events (2010) Isle of Man Department of Community, Culture & Leisure; Mannin Media Group
• ^ a b Manx Independent , page 1, 46&47, Isle of Man Newspapers (2010)Johnson Press Publishing; 3 September 2010
• ^ a b Manx Independent , page 2, Isle of Man Newspapers (2011) Johnston Press Publishing; 24 June 2011
• ^ a b Manx Grand Prix Race Guide – On the Grid 2010 Rider Compendium , page 19, Manx Motor Cycle Club (MMCC) (2010) Quine & Cubbon
• ^ a b Manx Independent , page 3, Isle of Man Newspapers (2011) Johnston Press Publishing; 3 June 2011
• ^ a b Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 5, Isle of Man Newspapers (2012) Johnston Press Publishing; 23 April 2012
• ^ a b The Official TT Race Guide 2011 , page 36 ACU Events (2011) Isle of Man Department of Community, Culture & Leisure; Mannin Media Group
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 1, Isle of Man Newspapers (2011) Johnston Press Publishing; 7 June 2011
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 13, Isle of Man Newspapers (2011) Johnston Press Publishing; 18 October 2011
• ^ The Official TT Race Guide 2011 , page 44, ACU Events (2011) Isle of Man Department of Community, Culture & Leisure; Mannin Media Group
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 1, Isle of Man Newspapers (2011) Johnston Press Publishing; 26 August 2011
• ^ a b Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 6, Isle of Man Newspapers (2011) Johnston Press Publishing; 6 December 2011
• ^ Manx Grand Prix Race Guide 2011 , page 28, Manx Motor Cycle Club (MMCC) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development (2011) Mannin Media Group
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 1, 54 & 60, Isle of Man Newspapers (2011) Johnston Press Publishing; 30 August 2011
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 3, Isle of Man Newspapers (2011) Johnston Press Publishing; 2 December 2011
• ^ Manx Grand Prix Race Guide 2011 , page 29, Manx Motor Cycle Club (MMCC) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development (2011) Mannin Media Group
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 5, Isle of Man Newspapers (2011) Johnston Press Publishing; 2 September 2011
• ^ Manx Grand Prix Race Guide 2011 , page 36, Manx Motor Cycle Club (MMCC) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development (2011) Mannin Media Group
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 1 & 4, Isle of Man Newspapers (2012) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web; 27 August 2012
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 7, Isle of Man Newspapers (2012) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web; 6 December 2012
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• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 1, Isle of Man Newspapers (2012) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web; 30 August 2012
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• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 4, Isle of Man Newspapers (2013) Johnston Press Publishing – Newsprinters (Knowsley) 30 May 2013
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 7, Isle of Man Newspapers (2013) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web; 10 June 2013
• ^ Isle of Man TT Official Race Guide 2013 , page 43, ACU Events (2013) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development (2013) Mannin Media Group
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 3, Isle of Man Newspapers (2014) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web 3 – 9 June 2014
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 11, Isle of Man Newspapers (2014) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web  – 17 June 2014
• ^ Isle of Man TT Official Race Guide 2014 , page 44, ACU Events (2014) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development;- Mannin Media Group
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 1, 3, 5 & 6 Isle of Man Newspapers (2014) Johnston Press Publishing – Newsprint (Knowsley) 5 – 11 June 2014
• ^ TT News – 2014 Edition 3 , page 6, Isle of Man Newspapers (2014) Bridson & Horrox  5 June 2014
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 16 – Isle of Man Newspapers (2015) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web   20 January 2015
• ^ Isle of Man TT Official Race Guide 2014 , page 50, ACU Events (2014) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development;- Mannin Media Group
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 1, Isle of Man Newspapers (2014) Johnston Press Publishing – Newsprint (Knowsley)   21 August 2014
• ^ a b Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 4, Isle of Man Newspapers (2014) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web   26 August 2014
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 5, Isle of Man Newspapers (2015) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web   5 January 2015 ISSN  1358-4383
• ^ Manx Grand Prix Race Guide 2014 , page 27, Manx Motor Cycle Club (MMCC) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development (2014) Mannin Media Group
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 7, Isle of Man Newspapers (2014) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web   2 September 2014
• ^ a b Manx Grand Prix Race Guide 2014 , page 40, Manx Motor Cycle Club (MMCC) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development (2014) Mannin Media Group
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• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 1, Isle of Man Newspapers (2014) Johnston Press Publishing – Sheffield Web   2 September 2014
• ^ Isle of Man Courier – Roieder Ellan Vannin , pages 1 & 40 Isle of Man Newspapers (2015) Johnston Press Publishing  5 June 2015
• ^ MCN Sport Isle of Man TT Review 2015 , page 77, Bauer Automotive (2015) MCN Sport
• ^ Rial, Stevie (30 May 2015). "TT 2015 – Solo Newcomers Show Their Talent". Road Racing News . Retrieved 11 June 2022 . Franck Petricola piloting Ice Valley Racing backed S1000RR BMW
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• ^ a b . Isle of Man Today . 27 August 2015. Archived from the original on 28 August 2015 . Retrieved 27 August 2015 .
• ^ Dutch racer killed in Manx Grand Prix qualification BBC Motorsport, 27 August 2015; Retrieved 27 August 2015
• ^ . Archived from the original on 21 June 2016 . Retrieved 7 September 2015 .
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 33, Final Whistle , Isle of Man Newspapers (2016) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)   7 June 2016
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 63, Isle of Man Newspapers (2016) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowsley)  – 29 September 2016
• ^ a b Dwight Beare and Paul Shoesmith killed BBC News Isle of Man , 4 June 2016; Retrieved 4 June 2016
• ^ Isle of Man TT Official Race Guide 2016 , page 16, ACU Events (2016) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development;- Mannin Group
• ^ TT News 2016 Edition 2 , page 28, Isle of Man News Papers (2016) Tindle Newspaper Group – Mannin Group Publishing
• ^ Isle of Man Courier – Roieder Ellan Vannin , page 3, Isle of Man Newspapers (2017) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)   17–23 February 2017 "TT rider's death was misadventure. A TT rider died instantly at the scene of crash near Sulby Village, a court of inquest heard"
• ^ Motor Cycle News , page 83, Bauer Media Group (2016) 8 June 2016
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 31, Final Whistle , Isle of Man Newspapers (2016) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)   14 June 2016
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 7, Isle of Man Newspapers (2016) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey) ISSN 1358-4383   1 November 2016 "TT death was misadventure, Coroner Inquest rules. An experienced and successful sidecar racer died after running wide at a notorious bend on the TT Mountain Course."
• ^ STATEMENT ISSUED ON BEHALF OF THE ACU Isle of Man, 10 June 2016; Retrieved 10 June 2016
• ^ Isle of Man TT Official Race Guide 2016 , page 50, ACU Events (2016) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development;- Mannin Group "Sidecar Race 2, 10 June 10:15 hours 3 laps 113.00 miles Plate Colour White on Red No 6 Ian Bell / Carl Bell"
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 33, Final Whistle , Isle of Man Newspapers (2016) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)   14 June 2016
• ^ STATEMENT ISSUED ON BEHALF OF THE ACU Isle of Man, 10 June 2016 Retrieved 10 June 2016
• ^ "Statement on behalf of ACU Events". Isle of Man TT Official Website . 6 June 2017 . Retrieved 7 June 2017 .
• ^ STATEMENT ISSUED ON BEHALF OF ACU EVENTS Isle of Man TT Races, 6 June 2016; Retrieved 7 June 2016
• ^ MCN SPORT – TT Review 2017 , page 25, Motor Cycle News, 14 June 2017 (2017) Bauer Consumer Media
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 6, Isle of Man Newspapers (2017) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowsley)  –, 19 October 2017 ISSN 1358-4391
• ^ "Statement on behalf of ACU Events". Isle of Man TT Official Website . Retrieved 7 June 2017 .
• ^ STATEMENT ISSUED ON BEHALF OF ACU EVENTS Isle of Man TT Races, 7 June 2017 Retrieved 7 June 2017
• ^ "Statement Issued on Behalf of ACU Events". Isle of Man TT . Duke Marketing. 30 May 2018 . Retrieved 30 May 2018 .
• ^ Isle of Man Courier – Roieder Ellan Vannin , pages 1,2 & 40 Isle of Man Newspapers (2018) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)  , 1 June 2018
• ^ Daily Express , page 51, 5 June 2018
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 31, Final Whistle , Isle of Man Newspapers (2018) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)  , 5 June 2018 ISSN 1358-4383
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 30, Final Whistle , Isle of Man Newspapers (2018) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)  , 28 August 2018 ISSN 1358-4383
• ^ Isle of Man Courier – Roieder Ellan Vannin , page 6, Isle of Man Newspapers (2019) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)  , 8 February 2019
• ^ . Manx Grand Prix Official Website . Archived from the original on 4 January 2019 . Retrieved 24 August 2018 .
• ^ Motor-Cycle News , page 9, TT REVIEW 2019, 12 June 2019; Bauer Consumer Media
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin , page 2 Isle of Man Newspapers (2020) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)  , 18 August 2020 ISSN 1358-4383
• ^ Motor-Cycle News , page 63, 28 August 2019 Bauer Consumer Media
• ^ Isle of Man Courier – Roieder Ellan Vannin , page 3, Isle of Man Newspapers (2020) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowlsey)  , 20 April 2020
• ^ New Zealand rider dies during Senior Classic TT Race ITV News , 24 August 2019; Retrieved 24 August 2019
• ^ Barstow, Ollie (1 June 2022). "2022 Isle of Man TT: Mark Purslow dies after qualifying crash". Crash Media Group . Retrieved 1 June 2022 .
• ^ Ohner, Helmut (8 June 2022). "TT-Veranstalter sorgt mit Todesmeldung für Verwirrung" [TT organizer causes confusion with death notice]. Speedweek (in German). Red Bulletin Schweiz AG . Retrieved 8 June 2022 .
• ^ "Statement: Davy Morgan". IOM TT Races . Crown Copyright. 6 June 2022 . Retrieved 6 June 2022 .
• ^ a b "Statement: Roger & Bradley Stockton". IOM TT Races . 10 June 2022 . Retrieved 10 June 2022 .
• ^ "Isle of Man TT announces death of sixth competitor from crash injuries". 8 June 2022 . Retrieved 27 October 2022 .
• ^ The Guardian , page 14, 19 June 1953
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , pages 1 & 20, 20 June 1953
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 14, 14 September 1976 "Police Officer tragedy Inquest"
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 3, 10 September 1976 Isle of Man Examiner (1976) "Death of Police Officer"
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 1, 12 June 1953
• ^ , Birmingham Daily Post , page 15, 29 May 1962
• ^ Travelling Marshals At the Isle of Man Tourist Trophy and Manx Grand Prix Races , by John Wright, page 113 (2006)(1st Edition) Amulree Publications The Premier Print ISBN   1901508064
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 1, 4 September 2006
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 1998 , page 31, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (1998) Mannin Media
• ^ "TT marred by Jefferies tragedy". Motorcycle Sport & Leisure, August 2003, p.008. Accessed 16 July 2022
• ^ ACU Official Race Guide – Isle of Man TT Festival 2003 , page 29, Isle of Man Department of Tourism (2003) Mannin Media
• ^ Mona's Herald , page 5, Amateur TT Rider killed , 1 September 1926
• ^ The Manchester Guardian , page 7, From our Correspondent, Douglas , 30 August 1926
• ^ Ramsey Courier , page 2, Amateur TT Motor Cycle Races , 3 September 1926
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 5, 2 June 1951
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 3, 4 June 1954
• ^ Ramsey Courier , page 6, Inquest on Australian Rider , 5 June 1954
• ^ Manx Independent , page 1, 3 August 2007 – Isle of Man Newspapers ISSN  1358-4391
• ^ The Guardian , page 5, 19 June 1939
• ^ Isle of Man Examiner , page 3, 23 June 1939
• ^ Daily Express , page 15, 17 June 1939
• ^ Mona's Herald , page 3, 20 June 1939
• ^ Isle of Man Weekly Times , page 1, 3 June 1980
• ^ Manx Independent – Manninagh Seyr , page 1 & 6, Isle of Man Newspapers (2005) Johnston Press Publishing   2 September 2005 ISSN  1358-4391
• Isle of Man TT Races
• Manx Grand Prix
• North West 200
• Ulster Grand Prix
• Clypse Course
• St. John's Short Course
• List of Billown Course fatal accidents
• List of North West 200 Course fatal accidents
• List of Dundrod Circuit fatal accidents

External links

• Detailed race results Isle of Man TT

Tourist Trophy

Tourist Trophy is the application of Gran Turismo 4 ' s formula and engine to a motorcycle racing game. Even with reduced on-screen vehicle count and loss of certain tracks (including off-road courses, even with inclusion of motard models), the track features the Circuit Ricardo Tormo that would be given one chance for four-wheelers to drive in , as well as a 1080i support carried over from the game's four-wheeler cousin.

• 1 Cheat Codes
• 2.1.1 Secret (Special Settings)
• 2.1.2 Monitor (Detail Monitor Settings)
• 2.1.3 Bike (Bike Settings)
• 2.1.4 Course Registration Settings
• 3 Unused Motorcycle
• 4 Unused Thumbnail
• 5.2 Bike Changes
• 5.3.1 Added Gear
• 5.3.2 Equipment Combination
• 5.4 Soundtrack

Cheat Codes

Most of the previously undiscovered cheats for Gran Turismo 4 also work in this game. These codes have same requirement as in GT4, in which 365 game days must have passed.

• Pass any license (License Selection Screen): Select, R1, Select, R1, Select, L2, L2, R2, R2, L1, Select, L1, Select .
• Gold any specific license test (License Test Selection Screen): Select, Select, R1, R2, L2, L2, Select, L1, R1, Select, R2, L1, Select .
• Gold any event (Event Course Selection Screen): Select, L1, Up, Up, Select, R1, Down, Down, Select, L2, Select, R2, Select .

Special Settings

The hidden menu that was in GT4 can also be accessed in this game using the same method: enter the Options menu and input the same code, L1, Up, L2, Down, R1, Left, R2, Right, Start, Start on the second controller. The sound heard when entering a menu from the main menu will then be played to confirm the right input. Unlike in GT4, the code does not need to be entered each time the player visits the screen.

In addition to the Secret and Monitor , two additional options also appear here to support the Secret portion of the menu.

Function Overview

Secret (special settings).

This portion of the menu works exactly the same like in GT4, although with some changes as TT does not have Favorites option in its Arcade Mode.

• Specific Bikes : Restricts the motorcycles available in Arcade Mode to those defined in the Bike menu.
• Specific Courses : Restricts the courses available in Arcade Mode to those set in Course Registration Settings , which is a hidden setting in this game as TT does not feature LAN mode.
• Specific Opponents : Restricts the opponent motorcycles chosen in Arcade Mode to those defined in the Bike menu.
• Specific Makes : Allows the game to be set to only feature a certain manufacturer. When this is the case, you cannot enter Tourist Trophy Mode , and the title screen's is modified with the chosen manufacturer on top of the game logo on the title screen. Selecting none , the default option, reverts to normal gameplay.

Monitor (Detail Monitor Settings)

This portion of the menu also works exactly the same like in GT4, where it allows you to adjust the camera and the display of the screen during races.

• Flag : Four flags can be chosen (FLAG_NONE, FLAG_ROTY, FLAG ROTX, and FLAG_ROTX|FLAG_ROTY). These appears to deal with settings on each horizontal/vertical axis, but it does not appear to affect anything.
• Zoom : Adjust the field of view, in range of 0.00 to 3.00.
• Distance : Adjusts the distance from the viewpoint of the player's camera between 200 to 1200 millimeters; the default setting is 276 mm.
• Width : Adjusts the width of the display area, between 200 to 600 millimeters.
• Height : Adjusts the height of the display area, between 200 to 400 millimeters.
• Aspect : Adjusts the pixel aspect ratio, between 0.00 to 2.00.
• Overscan Factor : Obvious what it adjusts, the value is 0.00 to 2.00.
• Border Width (Left, Right, Top, Bottom) : Adjusts the width of each side of the screen border in millimeters. The range of each is 0 (default) to 300 millimeters.

The default settings depends on the selected aspect ratio mode:

Bike (Bike Settings)

A replacement for the Favorites option in GT4, where chosen cars are determined, this menu allows the player to select what motorcycles are available to be used by the Secret Settings menu.

Course Registration Settings

This menu, originally part of GT4's LAN capabilities, allows you to select what tracks can be chosen for the Specific Courses option. Note that most of the tracks have the value for maximum vehicles on the track of six, even though Tourist Trophy only supports four.

Unused Motorcycle

An entry for Buell LIGHTNING CITYX XB9SX RacingModify '05 can be found in the database files in the American version of the game, which would have been a racing version of the Buell LIGHTNING CITYX XB9SX '05 , a motorcycle added in that version of the game. Coincidentally, the other three road-going bikes added in that version do have their own racing versions. In the European version of the game, this entry was removed from the database.

Unused Thumbnail

There is an Arcade Mode thumbnail for the Honda RC162 '61 , a bike not normally accessible in that mode.

Regional Differences

The American version of the game adds seven additional motorcycles to the game:

• Buell LIGHTNING CITYX XB9SX '05
• Honda NS400R '85
• Honda NS400R RacingModify '85
• Suzuki RG500 Gamma '85
• Suzuki RG500 Gamma RacingModify '85
• Yamaha RZV500R '84
• Yamaha RZV500R RacingModify '84

The European version of the game also adds three additional motorcycles, on top of the above:

• Kawasaki Z1000 R1 '82
• Kawasaki Z1000 S1 '82
• YOSHIMURA GS1000R YOSHIMURA XR69 '80

For the North American and European version of the game, the new Buell became obtainable from the 2-stroke Legend Series championship (in Hero Blue Translucid color) and the third race of the Nostalgic Festival series (at Special Stage Route 5 , for the Kick Ash Translucid color); these events originally do not award prize bikes in the Japanese version. Additionally, for the European version of the game, two events have their prize vehicles changed to accommodate that version's new ones:

Because of the changes to the K1200R Cup and Special Machine Cup, the Suzuki DR-Z400SM '05 and Yamaha VMAX RacingModify '05 are obtainable from the first two races of the Nostalgic Festival event in the European version instead.

Bike Changes

Some motorcycles have performance changes in the North American and European version of the game, where they use the "eu" variants:

Riding Gear

The North American version version adds the following Riding Gears:

The European version also adds three helmets to the above list. Curiously, entries for Arai SNC RX-7 RR4 NAKANO-1 and Arai SNC RX-7 RR4 NAKANO-2 are present in American version of the game, unused with different names.

Equipment Combination

Some Equipment Combinations in Arcade Mode were changed between Japan and International versions:

In addition, an extra motard Equipment Combination was added in North American and European version. It takes the tenth spot of the Japanese version, moving by one all of the other following combinations.

Seven new in-race songs were added in the North American version of the game, followed by additional six in the European version of the game.

• Pages missing developer references
• Games developed by Polyphony Digital
• Pages missing publisher references
• Games published by Sony Computer Entertainment
• PlayStation 2 games
• Pages missing date references
• Games released in 2006
• Games released in February
• Games released on February 2
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• Games released in April
• Games released on April 4
• Games with debugging functions
• Games with regional differences
• Gran Turismo series

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Tourist Trophy/Track List

• Edit source
• View history
• 2 World Courses
• 3 Original Courses
• 4 City Courses
• 5 License Courses

The following is a list of tracks which feature in Tourist Trophy :

• [1R] the course isn't available in 1-on-1 and Race modes from Arcade Mode

World Courses [ ]

• Circuit de la Comunitat Valenciana Ricardo Tormo
• Fuji Speedway '80s
• Fuji Speedway '90s
• Fuji Speedway 2005
• Infineon Raceway
• Laguna Seca Raceway
• Nürburgring Nordschleife [1R]
• Suzuka Circuit
• Suzuka Circuit East Course
• Suzuka Circuit West Course
• Tsukuba Circuit
• Twin Ring Motegi East Short Course
• Twin Ring Motegi Road Course
• Twin Ring Motegi Super Speedway
• Twin Ring Motegi West Short Course

Original Courses [ ]

• Apricot Hill Raceway
• Autumn Ring
• Autumn Ring Mini
• Beginner's Course
• Deep Forest Raceway
• El Capitan [1R]
• Grand Valley East Section
• Grand Valley Speedway
• High-speed Ring
• Midfield Raceway
• Trial Mountain Circuit

City Courses [ ]

• Citta di Aria [1R]
• Clubman Stage Route 5
• Costa di Amalfi [1R]
• Côte d'Azur [1R]
• Seattle Circuit [1R]
• Seoul Central
• Special Stage Route 5

License Courses [ ]

• Circle Course [1]
• Fuji Speedway Special Course [2]
• Grand Valley Speedway Special Course 1 [3]
• Grand Valley Speedway Special Course 2 [4]
• Test Course [5]
• ↑ N-3 and N-4 License School tests only
• ↑ N-5, J-4 and J-5 License School tests only
• ↑ J-3 License School test only
• ↑ E-3 License School test only
• ↑ N-1 and N-2 License School tests only
• 1 Gran Turismo 7/Car List
• 2 Gran Turismo 7/Track List
• 3 Gran Turismo 7

• Share full article

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The Morning

Chaos and oppression.

The central question for universities responding to protests is whether to prioritize the preservation of order or the desire of students to denounce oppression.

By David Leonhardt

Arnold Kling, an economist, published a book a decade ago that offered a way to think about the core difference between progressives and conservatives. Progressives, Kling wrote , see the world as a struggle between the oppressor and the oppressed, and they try to help the oppressed. Conservatives see the world as a struggle between civilization and barbarism — between order and chaos — and they try to protect civilization.

Like many frameworks, Kling’s is a simplification, and it’s easy to find exceptions. But his book has been influential because the framework often sheds light on political arguments.

The debate over pro-Palestinian protests at Columbia and other universities has become an example. If you want to understand why university leaders are finding the situation so hard to resolve, Kling’s dichotomy is useful: The central question for colleges is whether to prioritize the preservation of order or the desire of students to denounce oppression.

In today’s newsletter, I’ll lay out the cases of the dueling sides.

Confronting injustice

For the student protesters, the injustice in Gaza is so horrific that it takes precedence over almost anything else.

The death toll in Gaza since Oct. 7 is more than 30,000, the Gaza Ministry of Health reports. Entire neighborhoods are rubble. Israel has slowed the entry of basic supplies into Gaza, and many families are hungry. (My colleagues Vivian Yee and Bilal Shbair profiled two families trying to find their children enough to eat .)

The protesters view this suffering as an atrocity that demands action, much as Jim Crow laws, the Vietnam War and South African apartheid did for earlier students. In a statement yesterday, a pro-Palestinian group at Columbia cited as inspiration the anti-Vietnam War demonstrators who were killed at Kent State University in 1970.

If classes must be canceled and graduation ceremonies can’t happen, all the better, the students say. The disruptions will force the world to confront what the protesters describe as a genocide. “Big picture, genocide is happening, and this is where we stand,” one Columbia graduate student told the publication Hell Gate .

Many protesters specifically call for their universities to divest from companies that do business in Israel or help produce military equipment.

Some students have framed the debate as being about free speech, and free-speech principles do play a role. But I don’t think they are as central as Kling’s frame. Both sides, after all, have tried to restrict speech. Supporters of Israel have doxxed pro-Palestinian students and tried to penalize slogans like “ From the river to the sea .” Pro-Palestinian protesters have ripped away Israeli and U.S. flags and tried to prevent pro-Israel students from speaking.

The protesters’ abiding principle is not freedom of speech. It is justice for the oppressed.

Preventing chaos

For the protesters’ critics, the breakdown of order is the central problem — because a community that descends into chaos can’t function.

Protesters have frequently violated colleges’ rules. They have erected tents in public places and overwhelmed those areas. Columbia has switched to hybrid classes because of the turmoil.

Even worse, some protests have involved harassment and violence. The University of Michigan had to cut short an honors ceremony for students. At Vanderbilt, more than 20 protesters stormed the president’s office, injuring a security guard and shattering a window. At Columbia , videos have shown protesters threatening Jewish students with antisemitic vitriol, including a sign talking about Hamas’s “next targets.”

If universities do not enforce their own rules against such behavior, the rules have no meaning, administrators fear. Other protesters, seeing their own causes as existential, could likewise halt normal life. Perhaps they would be climate activists or students outraged by China’s oppression of Uighurs — or even demonstrators with right-wing views unpopular on American campuses. If anti-abortion protesters were to take over a quad for days, would university administrators ignore their own campus rules?

Jason Riley, a Wall Street Journal columnist, has compared the protesters’ tactics to those of the white residents of Arkansas who tried to use physical intimidation to prevent the enforcement of a law they didn’t like: school desegregation. President Dwight Eisenhower responded by proclaiming that “disorderly mobs” could not triumph, Riley noted.

College administrators are not making such analogies. Many express sympathy for the protesters’ concerns. But some insist that society can’t function if people violate rules without consequence. “We cannot have one group dictate terms and attempt to disrupt important milestones like graduation to advance their point of view,” Minouche Shafik, Columbia’s president, wrote to the campus this week.

What’s next?

I recognize that not everybody will accept Kling’s framework for this debate. Pro-Palestinian students will say that Israel is the true source of disorder, while pro-Israel students will say that Hamas is the true oppressor.

Still, I think the Kling dichotomy captures the dilemma that university leaders face. The protests continue, and graduation season is approaching. Those leaders will have to make difficult decisions about what values to prioritize.

The latest on the protests

“Go back to class,” Speaker Mike Johnson told protesters while visiting Columbia. He suggested calling in the National Guard .

At the University of Texas, police officers in riot gear blocked protesters and arrested at least 20 of them. The protests at Columbia, and the school’s response, have galvanized demonstrations at universities across the U.S.

Columbia’s president is fighting for her job. Some professors now oppose her , but she has the support of the school’s board.

Benjamin Netanyahu called student protesters in the U.S. “antisemitic mobs.”

Trump said the demonstrations were worse than the violent 2017 white supremacist protests in Charlottesville, where a woman was killed.

Brandeis, a historically Jewish university outside Boston, extended its deadline for transfer applications , promising an environment “free of harassment and Jew-hatred.”

THE LATEST NEWS

Foreign aid bill.

President Biden signed a bill with aid for Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan, calling it “a good day for world peace.” The administration plans to send Ukraine more weapons this week .

The bill includes $1 billion in humanitarian aid. “Israel must make sure all this aid reaches the Palestinians in Gaza without delay,” Biden said.

Mitch McConnell, the Senate Republican leader, was a linchpin in winning aid for Ukraine, pushing back against isolationists in his own party.

An Arizona grand jury charged Rudy Giuliani, Mark Meadows and others over their efforts to help Donald Trump overturn his 2020 election loss. The indictment names Trump as an unindicted co-conspirator.

Trump’s Manhattan criminal trial resumes this morning. This graphic shows the links between Trump and other figures in the case.

Biden mocked Trump for suggesting as president that disinfectant injections might treat Covid. The bleach “ all went to his hair ,” Biden said.

More on Politics

Antony Blinken, the secretary of state, is in China. Economic tensions are high .

The Supreme Court sounded divided over whether to allow doctors to perform emergency abortions in states with strict bans. Today the court will hear Trump’s claim that he’s immune from prosecution over Jan. 6.

Three Arizona Republicans voted with Democrats to repeal the state’s 1864 abortion ban . The bill heads to the State Senate.

Building union leaders endorsed Biden. They plan to mobilize their members to support him in swing states, CNN reports .

Donald Payne Jr., a six-term Democratic congressman from New Jersey known for wearing bow ties, died at 65 .

International

Floods across Kenya have killed at least 32 people and displaced more than 40,000.

The U.S. secretly shipped new long-range missiles to Ukraine .

Hamas released a video showing for the first time that Hersh Goldberg-Polin , an Israeli American taken hostage on Oct. 7, remains alive.

Other Big Stories

The Justice Department is investigating the consulting firm McKinsey over its role helping drug companies sell opioids .

The Agriculture Department finalized new school meal guidelines with less salt and sugar .

To combat avian flu, the Biden administration will require tests for cows that cross state lines .

NPR is in turmoil : The broadcaster’s audience is shrinking, its sponsorship revenue is declining, and its leaders are struggling with political strife.

Trump’s criminal trials make him seem like a victim . That could help him on Election Day, Stuart Stevens , a Republican political consultant, writes.

The federal government should test people for avian flu now, before an outbreak starts, Zeynep Tufekci writes.

Here’s a column by Charles Blow on the Vietnam War and the Gaza protests.

MORNING READS

Athens: A Saharan dust cloud has turned the city orange .

Meet Cait Bailey: She’s a publicist to major celebrities, and her boyfriend is a famous chef. But she’d prefer to keep a low profile .

Diet: Could calorie restriction or intermittent fasting help you live longer? Read what scientists know .

Broods: Trillions of cicadas are emerging after more than a decade of feeding on tree roots. Get ready .

Lives Lived: Helen Vendler’s power as a poetry critic derived from her close and impassioned readings. A fellow critic called her a “colossus.” Vendler died at 90 .

Queens Park Ladies: An under-12 girls’ soccer team in England joined a boys’ league — and went undefeated . “They definitely underestimated us,” Edith Wragg, one of the players, said.

N.F.L. Draft: Four quarterbacks are expected to go in the first round tonight .

N.B.A.: The Miami Heat shocked the Boston Celtics in a 111-101 road win to even the series at 1-1.

College football: Reggie Bush’s 2005 Heisman Trophy was reinstated , nearly 14 years after he forfeited it during a scandal.

ARTS AND IDEAS

The Venice Biennale, the world’s best event to discover new art, opened with a Prosecco-soaked weekend. Artists, along with critics and collectors, filled the city.

The Times’s critic Jason Farago was one of them. While he loved some of the work, he didn’t love the theme, “Foreigners Everywhere,” which he felt reflects a problem in our culture. “It’s often preachy, but that’s not its biggest problem. The real problem is how it tokenizes, essentializes, minimizes and pigeonholes talented artists,” he writes. Read his review .

Related: Venice is trying to limit tourism with a small fee on busy days .

More on culture

“Challengers,” from the director Luca Guadagnino, is about love and tennis. The Times spoke with its stars, including Zendaya, about the film and life in the public eye .

The American Film Institute is giving Nicole Kidman a lifetime achievement award this week. See what makes her work singular .

The Getty Museum agreed to return an ancient bronze head to Turkey.

A long-lost Gustav Klimt painting sold for $37 million at auction.

Jimmy Kimmel dunked on Trump’s billion-dollar stock bonus .

THE MORNING RECOMMENDS …

Toss a 20-minute lemony orzo with asparagus and garlic bread crumbs.

Navigate grief with these books .

Understand the new airline refund rules .

Buy a gift for a green-thumbed friend.

Here is today’s Spelling Bee . Yesterday’s pangram was topiary .

And here are today’s Mini Crossword , Wordle , Sudoku , Connections and Strands .

Thanks for spending part of your morning with The Times. See you tomorrow. — David

P.S. Lauren Jackson — one of the Times journalists in London who update this newsletter while you’re sleeping — has been promoted to associate editor .

Sign up here to get this newsletter in your inbox . Reach our team at [email protected] .

David Leonhardt runs The Morning , The Times’s flagship daily newsletter. Since joining The Times in 1999, he has been an economics columnist, opinion columnist, head of the Washington bureau and founding editor of the Upshot section, among other roles. More about David Leonhardt

Money latest: The 'German classic' that's a healthier and cheaper alternative to crisps

Crisps are on the menu as we see where you can make healthier choices for the best value. Elsewhere, the boss of Sainsbury's has insisted customers like self-checkouts - do you agree? Leave your thoughts in the box below.

Friday 26 April 2024 19:45, UK

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Ask a question or make a comment

The family home where Captain Sir Tom Moore walked 100 laps to raise nearly £40m for the NHS during the first COVID lockdown is up for sale for £2.25m.

The Grade II-listed Old Rectory is described as a "magnificent seven-bedroom property" by estate agents Fine & Country.

In a video tour of the house, a sculpture of Captain Tom with his walking frame can be seen in the hallway, while a photo of the fundraising hero being knighted by the Queen is on a wall in the separate coach house building.

Introducing the property, an estate agent says in the tour video: "I'm sure you'll recognise this iconic and very famous driveway behind me as it was home to the late Captain Sir Tom Moore who walked 100 laps of his garden, raising over £37m for NHS charities."

It comes less than three months after the demolition of an unauthorised spa pool block in the grounds of the property in Marston Moretaine, Bedfordshire.

Speaking at an appeal hearing over that spa, Scott Stemp, representing Captain Tom's daughter Hannah Ingram-Moore and her husband, said the foundation named after the fundraising hero "is to be closed down" following a Charity Commission probe launched amid concerns about its management.

For the full story, click here ...

"Status symbol" pets are being given up by owners who get scared as they grow up, an animal charity has said, with the cost of living possibly paying a part in a rise in separations.

The Exotic Pet Refuge, which homes parrots, monkeys, snakes and alligators among others, says it receives referrals across the country, including from zoos and the RSPCA.

"They're a status symbol. People will say, 'OK, I'll have an alligator or a 10ft boa constrictor'," co-owner Pam Mansfield told the BBC.

"But when the animal gets big, they will get too frightened to handle them, and then the pet has to go."

She added people who want to get rid of the pets sometimes call zoos for help, which then call on her charity.

In some cases, owners don't have licences to own dangerous animals, she says, blaming a "lack of understanding" for what she says is a rise in the number of exotic animals needing to be rehomed.

She says people "just don't have the space" for some snakes, for example, with some growing to as much as 12ft and needing their own room.

The cost of living crisis has also forced owners to give their pets away, she says.

Her charity has also been affected by those increased costs, with the electricity bill rising to £10,000 a month at their highest, to fund things like heated pools for alligators.

Private car parks are accused of "confusing drivers" after introducing a new code of conduct - despite "doing all they can" to prevent an official government version.

The code of practice launched by two industry bodies - British Parking Association and the International Parking Community - includes a ten-minute grace period for motorists to leave a car park after the parking period they paid for ends.

It also features requirements for consistent signage, a single set of rules for operators on private land and an "appeals charter".

Private parking businesses have been accused of using misleading and confusing signs, aggressive debt collection and unreasonable fees.

That comes after a government-backed code of conduct was withdrawn in June 2022, after a legal challenges by parking companies.

RAC head of policy Simon Williams said: "We're flabbergasted that the BPA and the IPC have suddenly announced plans to introduce their own private parking code after doing all they can over the last five years to prevent the official government code created by an act of Parliament coming into force.

"While there are clearly some positive elements to what the private parking industry is proposing, it conveniently avoids some of the biggest issues around caps on penalty charges and debt recovery fees which badly need to be addressed to prevent drivers being taken advantage of."

BPA chief executive Andrew Pester said: "This is a crucial milestone as we work closely with government, consumer bodies and others to deliver fairer and more consistent parking standards for motorists."

IPC chief executive Will Hurley said: "The single code will benefit all compliant motorists and will present clear consequences for those who decide to break the rules."

Sky News has learnt the owner of Superdry's flagship store is weighing up a legal challenge to a rescue plan launched by the struggling fashion retailer.

M&G, the London-listed asset manager, has engaged lawyers from Hogan Lovells to scrutinise the restructuring plan.

The move by M&G, which owns the fashion retailer's 32,000 square foot Oxford Street store, will not necessarily result in a formal legal challenge - but sources say it's possible.

Read City editor Mark Kleinman 's story here...

NatWest says its mortgage lending nearly halved at the start of the year as it retreated from parts of the market when competition among lenders stepped up.

New mortgage lending totalled £5.2bn in the first three months of 2024, the banking group has revealed, down from £9.9bn the previous year.

The group, which includes Royal Bank of Scotland and Coutts, also reported an operating pre-tax profit of £1.3bn for the first quarter, down 27% from £1.8bn the previous year.

An unexplained flow of British luxury cars into states neighbouring Russia continued into February, new data shows.

About £26m worth of British cars were exported to Azerbaijan, making the former Soviet country the 17th biggest destination for UK cars - bigger than long-established export markets such as Ireland, Portugal and Qatar.

Azerbaijan's ascent has coincided almost to the month with the imposition of sanctions on the export of cars to Russia.

Read the rest of economics and data editor Ed Conway 's analysis here...

Rishi Sunak has hailed the arrival of pay day with a reminder his government's additional National Insurance tax cut kicks in this month for the first time.

At last month's budget, the chancellor announced NI will be cut by a further 2p - so some workers will pay 8% of their earnings instead of the 12% if was before autumn.

The prime minister has repeated his claim this will be worth £900 for someone on the average UK salary.

While this additional cut - on top of the previous 2p cut in January - does equate to £900 for those on average full-time earnings of £35,000, there are two key issues with Mr Sunak's claim:

• Once the effect of all income tax changes since 2021 are taken into account, the Institute for Fiscal Studies reports an average earner will benefit from a tax cut of £340 - far less than £900;
• Moreover, anyone earning less than £26,000 or between £55,000-£131,000 will ultimately be worse off.

In short, this is because NI cuts are more than offset by other tax rises.

We explain below how this is the case...

Tax thresholds

This is partly down to tax thresholds - the amount you are allowed to earn before you start paying tax (and national insurance) and before you start paying the higher rate of tax - will remain frozen. 

This means people end up paying more tax than they otherwise would, when their pay rises with inflation but the thresholds don't keep up. 

This phenomenon is known as "fiscal drag" and it's often called a stealth tax because it's not as noticeable immediately in your pay packet.

That low threshold of £12,570 has been in place since April 2021. 

The Office for Budget Responsibility says if it had increased with inflation it would be set at £15,220 for 2024/25.

If that were the case, workers could earn an extra £2,650 tax-free each year.

Less give, more take

Sky News analysis shows someone on £16,000 a year will pay £607 more in total - equivalent to more than three months of average household spending on food. 

Their income level means national insurance savings are limited but they are paying 20% in income tax on an additional £2,650 of earnings.

In its analysis , the IFS states: "In aggregate the NICs cuts just serve to give back a portion of the money that is being taken away through other income tax and NICs changes - in particular, multi-year freezes to tax thresholds at a time of high inflation."

Overall, according to the institute, for every £1 given back to workers by the National Insurance cuts, £1.30 will have been taken away due to threshold changes between 2021 and 2024.

This rises to £1.90 in 2027.

The UK could face a shortage of cava due to a drought in the sparkling wine's Spanish heartlands.

The Penedes area of Catalonia is dealing with its worst drought on record, with vineyards across the region so parched the roots of 30-year-old vines have died.

It's left shrivelled red and green grapes languishing under intense sun, fuelled by fossil-fuel driven climate change.

Cava is an increasingly popular drink in the UK, with 17.8 million bottles sold in 2023 - an increase of 5% from the previous year, when Britons stocked up on 16.8 million bottles, according to the Cava Regulatory Board.

That makes the UK the fourth-biggest buyer, behind only the US, Belgium and Germany.

Workforce slashed

The problems have been compounded after Catalonia-based cava producer Freixenet announced it will temporarily lay off 615 workers, almost 80% of its workforce.

Under Spanish law, companies facing exceptional circumstances can lay off staff or reduce working hours.

This measure is expected to take effect from May and it is not known how long it will last.

Price rises

One industry source told retail publication The Grocer  that cava shortages would push up prices "certainly for next year" if there isn't enough supply.

This could last for years if the drought persists, they added.

Consumer expert Helen Dewdney told MailOnline the staff cuts at Freixenet can only mean one thing - price rises.

However, she added, supermarkets say they are not experiencing any issues right now.

Parents are being hammered by rising childcare costs, according to a new study that suggests they may spend more than £160,000 raising their child to the age of 18.

Research by Hargreaves Lansdown has found that parents with children pay £6,969 a year more than couples without.

Over 18 years and assuming an annual inflation rate of 3%, that amounts to a whopping £163,175, the investment platform said.

Its study also found that parents were less likely to have money left at the end of the month.

Single parents carry the biggest burden, with the research suggesting they have just £85 left on average compared to £365 for couples with children.

Hargreaves Lansdown also found just 23% of single parents reported having enough emergency savings to cover at least three months' worth of essential expenses, compared to 63% of couples with children.

Parents are also at a slight disadvantage when it comes to pensions, the research found, with only 43% of couples with children on track for a moderate retirement income, compared to 47% without. Only 17% of single parents have a decent projected pension fund.

Sarah Coles, head of personal finance at the firm, said "having children is one of the most expensive decisions a person can make".

She adds that as a result of having a child, "financial resilience suffers across the board", and added: "For single parents, life is even tougher, and they face far lower resilience on almost every measure.

"It means we need all the help we can get."

By Daniel Binns, business reporter

One of the top stories shaking up the markets this morning is that UK-based mining company Anglo American has rejected a major $38.8bn (£31bn) takeover bid.

Details of the attempted buyout by Australian rival BHP emerged yesterday  - sending Anglo American shares soaring.

The deal would have created the world's biggest copper mining company - with the news coming as the price of the metal hit record highs this week.

However, Anglo American has now dismissed the proposal as "opportunistic" and said BHP had undervalued the company.

Anglo's shares are slightly down by 0.8% this morning - suggesting investors may not have given up hopes that a deal could eventually be agreed.

However, overall the FTSE 100 is up around 0.4% this morning, buoyed by strong reported earnings from US tech giants Microsoft and Google owner Alphabet.

It's helped the index, of the London Stock Exchange's 100 most valuable companies, hit yet another intraday (during the day) record of 8,136 points this morning.

The winning streak comes after a week of all-time highs on the index - including a record close of 8,078 points yesterday. The score is based on a calculation of the total value of the shares on the index.

Among the companies doing well this morning is NatWest - despite the bank reporting a fall in pre-tax profits of nearly 28% for the first quarter of the year.

Shares in the lender are up more than 3% after its results were better than expected by analysts.

On the currency markets, £1 buys $1.25 US or €1.16, almost on a par with yesterday.

Meanwhile, the price of a barrel of Brent crude oil has crept up slightly to $89 (£71).

Self-checkouts - they're like marmite, people seem to either love them or hate them.

But the boss of Sainsbury's has claimed that his customers do  enjoy using self-checkouts, despite criticism that that machines don't always provide the convenience promised.

Simon Roberts told The Telegraph that there are more of them in Sainsbury's stores "than a number of years ago" as shoppers like the "speedy checkout".

But despite this, he said there won't be a time when they'll replace cashiers completely.

"Over the last year, where we've put more self-checkouts in, we're always making sure that the traditional kind of belted checkout is there," he said.

His comments come after northern supermarket Booths ditched self-checkouts at all but two of its sites after customer feedback. 

Walmart and Costco in the US have also scaled back on the systems.

Let us know in the comments - do you love or hate self-checkouts?

We've all heard consumer advice that's repeated so often it almost becomes cliché. So, every Friday the Money team will get to the bottom of a different "fact" and decide whether it's a myth or must.

This week it is...

'Smart meters save you money'

For this one, we've enlisted the help of Dr Steve Buckley, also known as the Energy Doctor and head of data science at Loop...

So do smart meters help you save? 

"The short answer is both yes and no," Steve says.

"Installing a smart meter by itself won't magically reduce your energy consumption. But, by giving you easy access to your energy usage data, smart meters pave the way for savings that you couldn't achieve otherwise."

Before smart meters, most households only found out how much energy they had used when the bill arrived. 

By that stage it's too late to address wasteful usage, leading to what's known as "bill shock". 

"With a smart meter, you can see your usage and costs in real-time through an in-home display or an app provided by your supplier," Steve says. 

"This immediate feedback encourages you to use less energy. If you measure it, you can control it."

In 2022, the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero found that homes with smart meters used about 3.4% less electricity and 3% less gas. 

"This might not seem like a lot, but it adds up to a saving of over £50 per household annually," Steve says.  

If all homes in the UK made similar cuts, that would amount to savings of around £1.5bn and a potential reduction in CO2 emissions by about 2.7m tonnes each year. 

"Good for individual households but also great for the planet," Steve says. 

Smart meters are often installed at no extra cost to the consumer - it's effectively free data for households. 

Limitations

Smart meters are more or less what you make of them - a simple, free tool that allows you to see headline figures. 

However, "without detailed analysis, it's tough to identify and eliminate" where you could be wasting money, Steve says. 

Apps like Utrack, Loop and Hugo Energy can help you work out where you might be losing money by offering a more detailed breakdown if connected to your smart meter. 

Those tools are often free, but you may need to register your card details as proof of address. 

The tools give a number of useful insights, including looking at consumption in other households of similar size or monitoring where chunks of your money are going, such as to a faulty boiler or the "phantom load" (energy wasted by devices left on unnecessarily).

Myth or must?

Although smart meters alone don't reduce energy bills, they are a vital tool to help energy efficiency and cost savings. 

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