eastern turkey tourism

Velvet Escape

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A tour of Eastern Turkey

Eastern Turkey is a wild and rugged region with a long, tempestuous history and a rich cultural heritage. The region boasts some of Turkey’s most spectacular nature and treasured historical monuments, as well as some of the most friendly and hospitable people. My two-week tour of eastern Turkey turned out to be one of the most extraordinary trips I’ve ever experienced!

About Eastern Turkey

Eastern Turkey is the region in Eastern Anatolia (Asia Minor) that borders Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Iraq and Syria. It is a fascinating part of Turkey with an impressive history. The southeastern corner of this region, where the mighty Tigris and Euphrates rivers flow, is where Mesopotamia rose and is now known as the cradle of modern civilisation . Eastern Turkey also has some of the country’s most outstanding scenery, with its impressive snow-capped mountains, massive lakes, gushing rivers and immense fields of wildflowers (the Dutch would be interested to know that tulips originated from the mountains of eastern Turkey – you can find them growing wild in many places).

Update February 2023: Some of the places in the second half of this route such as Diyarbakir and Gaziantep suffered great devastation during the massive earthquake that occurred on 6th February 2023.

Places and towns to visit in Eastern Turkey

Erzurum: the start of this Eastern Turkey road trip

This suggested road trip itinerary through Eastern Turkey starts in Erzurum, which can easily be reached by plane from Istanbul. Erzurum is located at the edge of a basin surrounded by snow-capped peaks. Though the city can trace its existence back to ancient times, little remains of its medieval past. The most prominent historical landmarks are the citadel and the beautiful Çifte Minareli Medrese (religious school) that dates back to the 13th century. I also recommend a visit to one of the most interesting cafés I’ve ever visited: the wonderfully quaint Erzurum Evleri , a traditional Erzurum house where visitors sit on heaps of carpets and cushions to enjoy a cup of strong Turkish tea or coffee and sweets. Search for hotels in Erzurum (Booking.com).

The ancient town of Ani

From Erzurum, head eastwards to Kars , a small town near the Armenian border. From here, continue to Ani , a magnificent historical site. Built on the edge of a dramatic gorge (which now forms the border between Turkey and Armenia), Ani was a major Armenian trading post that straddled the Silk Road. At its peak, it is estimated that there were 5,000 churches in the city. Today, the mighty walls as well as various churches (some of which have breathtaking frescoes), mosques and bridges can still be seen. Search for hotels in Kars (Booking.com).

The Eastern Turkey tour continues from Kars to Dogubeyazit and winds through some stunning mountain scenery, broad plains and rustic villages (notice how villagers have their beds on the roofs of their house!).

Dogubeyazit is a small provincial town with two of the major highlights of this trip: the awe-inspiring Mount Ararat and the equally breathtaking Ishak Pasha palace. The palace is built on the edge of a hill overlooking Dogubeyazit and an immense plain. The palace, built in the 17th century, is one of the most magnificent and lavish examples of Ottoman architecture. The elaborate stonecarvings on the portals and walls are exquisite.

Search for hotels in Dogubeyazit (Booking.com).

Mount Ararat and Noah’s Ark

Mount Ararat, at 5,137 meters, is Turkey’s highest peak and a main attraction in Eastern Turkey. The snow-capped mountain is actually a dormant volcano and is best known as the Biblical place where Noah landed his ark after the great flood.

Experts from around the world continue to search for physical remains of the ark to this day. One of the most approachable sites is the Durupinar site, near the village of Uzengili (on the trunk road to the Iranian border, look for the Nuhun Gemisi exit). Discovered in the 1950’s, the site is located not on Mt. Ararat itself but on a mountainside opposite Mount Ararat and features a boat-like formation which may very well be a natural phenomenon. From Uzengili, a dirt road winds itself up to the site. Even if you doubt the authenticity of the remains, the views from the site of Mt. Ararat and Little Ararat (3,896 meters) are truly staggering, and are worth the effort of the trip.

Lake Van and Akdamar Island

From Dogubeyazit, head southwest towards Lake Van . On the way, you can make a short stop at the elegant cascades of the Muradiye waterfall. Lake Van is Turkey’s largest lake and is a stunning sight, with its soda-rich, turquoise-white water contrasting sharply with the majestic snow-capped mountains that surround it.

Van is a bustling town with a variety of industries, including a noteworthy carpet-making industry. Just outside the town is one of its biggest attractions: the Van Citadel. Believed to have been built in the 7th century AD, the citadel is situated on a steep cliff overlooking the lake. Another nearby attraction is Akdamar Island, in Lake Van. The boat trip to the island is the perfect way to enjoy the amazing vistas of the lake and the mountains. On the island itself is a revered Armenian monument, the Church of the Holy Cross. The church, built in the 10th century AD using pink sandstone, is most famous for the rich bas-reliefs (depicting biblical scenes) that adorn its façade.

Search for hotels in Van (Booking.com).

Hasankeyf – ancient city on the Tigris

Continue on the route from Van to Hasankeyf . The road winds itself around the shores of Lake Van, offering awe-inspiring panoramas of the lake, before heading inland through the mountains. Hasankeyf is an ancient city, on the banks of the mighty Tigris river, with a history that goes back more than a thousand years.

This city is indeed breathtaking. Seemingly carved out from the cliffs along the river, the city now lays in ruins but it isn’t difficult to imagine that this was once a place of great beauty and awe. There are plans to build a dam nearby which would submerge the remains of the city. As a consequence, the Hasankeyf has been placed on the World Monuments Fund’s Watchlist of 100 most endangered sites in the world.

The walled city of Diyarbakir

From Hasankeyf, head to the magnificent walled city of Diyarbakir . The drive to Diyarbakir takes you through the expansive fertile plains of what was once Mesopotamia. Diyarbakir, located on the shores of the Tigris, is another highlight of this trip. The city’s imposing basalt walls (built during the Roman times) and stunning towers are still largely intact and offer super-picturesque views of the ancient city centre, the Tigris and the surrounding plain.

The atmosphere in the city is extraordinary: the scent of spices fill the air while horse-drawn carts filled with hay, fruits and vegetables rumble down the streets. It is an atmosphere that is in many senses reminiscent of the Middle Ages. There is a bustling bazaar, centuries-old mosques (look for the beautiful Ulu Cami and Safa mosques) and churches (including the very first church built in the 1st century that was solely devoted to the Virgin Mary, and the atmospheric Mar Petyun and Surp Giragos churches) and the lovely caravanseray. Everywhere you go, you’ll notice exquisite stonecarvings on the city’s walls and buildings, rich inscriptions and graceful stone arches.

Search for hotels in Diyarbakir (Booking.com).

Mardin – the hilltop town near the border with Syria

After spending a few days in Diyarbakir, head southeast to Mardin . This beautiful town is perched on a mountaintop and commands magnificent views of the immense plain below which stretches deep into Syria. The town is filled with narrow pedestrian-only streets – in fact, the only form of transport in the town centre is by mules, which carry everything from groceries to garbage! Take some time for a leisurely stroll around the narrow, shady streets and stop for a chat and tea with some of the friendliest people around.

Sanli Urfa – the birthplace of Prophet Abraham

From Mardin, head in a westerly direction to Sanli Urfa (or just Urfa). Urfa is an important town and a major pilgrimage site as it was here that the prophet Abraham was born. The prophet’s birthplace (a sacred cave) is now surrounded by a beautiful complex of mosques, ornamental ponds and canals, and parks.

Apart from the cave, the biggest attraction in the complex are the sacred carps in the ponds. These are some huge fish! High above the complex is the magnificent citadel which is floodlit at night. Urfa is also famous for its giant bazaar, with separate ‘departments’ for clothing, electrical goods, shoes, food, etc.. all connected by a massive maze of narrow streets and lively squares. A walk through the bazaar is indeed a memorable experience. Look for a gorgeous plaza filled with palms where the local men sit on little stools, sip tea and have boisterous discussions!

Search for hotels in Sanli Urfa (Booking.com).

Harran – beehive houses and the Bible

South of Urfa, close to the border with Syria, is the extraordinary village of Harran . Harran is an ancient site that has earned many mentions in the Bible, among others, that this is the place where Adam and Eve came to after they were expelled from the Garden of Eden. Nowadays, Harran is most famous for its ruins and for its beehive houses.

The statues of Nemrud Dagi National Park

From Urfa, proceed north back into the mountains towards the Nemrud Dagi National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site. The route takes you past the massive Ataturk Dam, the town of Adiyaman and through the mountains, past some picturesque valleys and a spectacular gorge to Karadut.

From here, continue up to Nemrud Dagi. This site is probably the highlight of the trip. In the 1st century BC, King Antiochus built a tomb-like monument for himself atop the 2,134 meter high Mount Nemrud. He actually added a further 50 meters to the height of the mountain by constructing a mound or tumulus on the peak!

Flanking this tumulus are giant statues of himself (in their original upright state, they would have been eight to nine meters tall), lions, eagles and various gods. Visiting this site involves a rather strenuous climb of a few hundred meters so be prepared. Once at the top, you will be amply rewarded with the sight of the giant statues, the magnificent stonecarvings and the breathtaking panorama of the adjacent mountains, valleys and the Ataturk dam-lake.

Gaziantep – the city of baklava

From Nemrud Dagi, the journey continues to Gaziantep , the largest city in the southeastern Anatolian region, and the probable location of the ancient sity of Antiochia. Gaziantep is an important agricultural and industrial centre, and is famous for its copperware, pistachio nuts and baklava (a rich, sugary Turkish pastry). In the city centre, you’ll find the Gaziantep Fortress and the Ravanda citadel. Don’t miss the Archaeological Museum which houses a series of impressive Roman mosaics.

Search for hotels in Gaziantep (Booking.com).

This tour of eastern Turkey ends in Adana, which lies west of Gaziantep. From here, you can opt to fly to Istanbul or to other parts of Turkey. After this trip, you might want to spend a few days simply lounging on one of Turkey’s stunning beaches!

How to explore Eastern Turkey

The ideal way to explore Eastern Turkey is by means of an organised tour . However, it is possible to explore the region individually by means of public transport or with a rental car . Please ensure you’re well informed about the security situation in the region, especially in the areas near the border with Syria. The suggested itinerary above starts in Erzurum and ends in Adana. There are frequent flight connections between these two cities with Istanbul . I strongly recommend making this trip in spring or early-summer when temperatures are more comfortable. Eastern Turkey has a continental climate and often experiences temperatures of -30 degrees Celsius in the winter.

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30 Responses

I travelled with a small group + guide in a van.

Cheers, Keith

Hi! Amazing article. Did you travel by car or bus public transport?

[…] Mount Nemrut is a stunning UNESCO World Heritage in eastern Turkey. In the 1st century BC, King Antiochus built a tomb-like monument for himself atop the 2,150 meter-high mountain. He actually added a further 50 meters to the height of the mountain by constructing a mound or tumulus on the peak! From afar, this artificial peak is unmistakable – an incredible engineering marvel. Flanking this tumulus are giant statues of himself (in their original upright state, they would have been eight to nine meters tall), lions, eagles and various gods. The parts of the statues and the busts are now scattered throughout the site but they are nonetheless impressive. Read about a tour of Eastern Turkey. […]

[…] The incredible statues of Mount Nemrud or Nemrut (Nemrud Dagi in Turkish) are located at the top of the 2,134 meter peak of Mount Nemrud (map), near the city of Adiyaman in Southeastern Turkey. This stunning UNESCO World Heritage site is one of the highlights of a trip to Eastern Turkey. […]

[…] A tour of Eastern Turkey […]

Hello Gail, Thanks for getting in touch. I’m afraid I can’t be of any help as I do not have any contacts there. Good luck with your search and have a safe trip!

Hi A small group ( possibly 6???) of us wish to visit East Turkey…say a 7-10 days…could you recommend a company for us please….ideas etc, Will be either pre or post Egypt, Jordan and Isreal tour with a larger group…..many thanks. I personally have done West Turkey last year, was okay but looking to do less touristy and a unique tour….around August 2020/Many thanks for help….and suggested company.

This is a great itinerary for those looking to explore Turkey beyond the obvious destinations. Even these days, when people are hesitant to discover that part of the country, it is worth looking into the options of visiting the area.

Hello Anita, It’s hard for me to advise as I was there some years ago and the route you described is only partially familiar to me. I would contact the Turkey Tourism Board for their recommendations: http://www.goturkey.com/

Have a safe and enjoyable trip!

Best regards, Keith

hi, velvet,

thank you for sharing such an amazing experience. i am going to visit van on may 13. i do have a question for you if you can help me. distance wise, i think it is more efficient to visit hasankeyf first, then go to mardin, from mardin to diyarbakif. then from diyarbakir to siverek and take the ferry to kahta.

please advice if you think this route is doable.

much appreciated.

Thanks for the itinerary. Its very useful getting an idea of where to start. I am going to Turkey in August and will be following your itinerary.

beautiful pics and very interesting articles Keith. thanx! Didn’t know Turkey so much… such a rich history!! Rob

Thanks for your comment. I really enjoyed my trip through Eastern Turkey. It’s such a unique region, steeped in history and with the most stunning scenery.

Incredible blog on eastern Turkey! Makes me want to return after touring north, western & central parts of the country. It was magnificent & enchanting. How/why on earth did I manage to miss all of the splendor of the east? Must return… Many thanks for sharing an amazing post! It’s an inspiring piece not only on Turkey but on traveling, too.

Hi Peter, The roads are fine. The trip I did took about 2 weeks and that was sufficient to see the region and enjoy its beauty.

Hello, I’ve been fascinated by your blog as I’m due to travel through Eastern Turkey in November. But can I ask, how long did your trip take you? A friend and I are driving from Van to Cappodoccia over 2 weeks. How are the roads/driving there? Is two weeks too short a time? Thanks in advance for your advice, and good luck with all your future trips Peter x

Eastern Turkey is an often overlooked part of the world, but its got some of the most incredible history and landscapes. Thanks for sharing, the list just keeps on growing! 😉

[…] https://velvetescape.com/blog/2010/11/a-tour-of-eastern-turkey/ This entry was posted in Turkey. Bookmark the permalink. […]

Velvet, Thanks for sharing. Turkey is home to many historical monuments, statues, pyramids and much more. There are many interesting places to explore in Turkey.

Thank you for sharing.Turkey is an amazing country. Thank you for sharing, there is a really useful info in here. I travel a lot from England to Turkey work related. I’ve only been to Istanbul so far but I’m planning to go on a vacation soon enough. It’s a very diverse and interesting city.Speaking of travel tips- the only thing I don’t like about it is that I often have last minute online bookings problems.Therefore now I call to confirm my reservation beforehand. So if you need to call Turkey I’d recommend using a call service because skype doesn’t always work and international calls are too pricey. And be careful for the ‘nazar boncuk’ or ‘evil eye’ 🙂 Lisa

Bookmarked as I want to visit Eastern Turkey one day. Thanks for this list. Eastern Turkey is definitely off the beaten track. Don’t know whether this is a good thing or bad. 1 – It has not succumbed to the tourism madness like other places in Turkey 2 – Many people are missing out on true Turkey. They see resorts like Marmaris and bodrum and assume this is proper Turkey, it is not.

Astounding…! I always like the historical monuments; these are one of the best and a rich cultural heritage & the pictures are amazing thanks to introduce such an enormous place.

There is just so much to explore in Turkey! When I was there last summer, I went to Istanbul and Cappodocia, but I wish I could have seen more…

My gosh it looks insanely amazing!!!

Thank you Adam for your kind comment. Eastern Turkey is absolutely Turkey-off-the-beaten-path and I highly recommend it. Thrilled that I managed to inspire someone to maybe visit Turkey one day! 🙂

Wow, unbelievable post. Turkey is at or near the very top of our list of places we want to go, SOON, and this post just proves why. I am learning more and more about this country, and I don’t see how it’s going to be possible to only stay in Turkey for a short period of time. Great job getting someone who has never been very excited to one day go!

Thanks for your comment David. I can absolutely recommend Turkey. Istanbul will totally bowl you over but wait till you see Anatolia. Like… WOW!

Wow, simply amazing Keith. It has always been my dream destination to visit Turkey as they have so much history and culture to offer. Thanks for sharing this and I hope to make a visit to Turkey within the next few years.

Haha! I know what you mean! I visited the place in the middle of a thunderstorm. We rushed for cover in a nearby shed and when I ventured out while it was still raining, there was no one there. I was soaked but the dramatic effect of the rain, hailstones and thunder was unforgettable!

Oh gosh, those giant statues are amazing… and these are ruins; imagine the original statues in their full splendour and glory! Wow-ness.

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Eastern Türkiye Tour

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• May 12 – 27, 2025
• Single Supplement: TBA

Take an Exhilarating Tour of East Türkiye, A Region Brimming with Historical Wonders, Including Castles, Tombs, and Four UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Along with Karahan Tepe and Göbekli Tepe, Which Are Considered Among The World's Earliest Temples

East Türkiye evokes vivid imagery: women in traditional veils, mustachioed men in turbans wielding sabers, and camel caravans traversing vast, wild landscapes. However, the reality of Eastern Anatolia is strikingly diverse and vastly different from the rest of Türkiye.

This region boasts an eclectic mix of towering mountains, dense forests with waterfalls, green pastures, and the stark contrast of arid deserts in the south. As a historical crossroads of Eastern and Western cultures for millennia, East Türkiye is rich in a wide array of historical remnants.

Join Far Horizons and a small group of just 13 others for a 16-day adventure into this less-traveled part of Türkiye. Explore four UNESCO Heritage Sites: Ani, Diyarbakır & Hevsel Gardens, Göbekli Tepe, and Nemrud Dağ. Delve into the mysteries of Göbekli Tepe, a temple predating Stonehenge by 6,000 years, and Ayanis, the last capital of Urartu.

Discover Karahan Tepe, a site that might be even older than Göbekli Tepe. Your journey will take you from the mountainous terrains of eastern Anatolia to the fertile valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates and onto the Cilician plain.

This tour offers a deep dive into the rich history and culture of Eastern Türkiye, a true nexus of civilizations. This is an educational tour of Türkiye unlike those found anywhere else.

Still considering what should be the destination of your next adventure? Browse our wider range of Tours to Europe & Türkiye .

We also offer a pre OR post-extension in Istanbul, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, with many highlights, including Aya Sofya, Dolmabache Palace, Topkapi Sarai, and a stunning cruise up the Bosphorus.

Eastern Türkiye Tour Led by:

Dr Jennifer Tobin

University of Illinois at Chicago Greek and Roman Art & Archaeology

Why Choose Far Horizons’ Guided Tour of Eastern Türkiye?

• Eastern Türkiye Tour is led by Professor Jennifer Tobin who excavated at Zeugma
• Tour the new Şanlıurfa museum
• Private tour of Ayanis by the director of the archaeological project
• Visit Göbekli Tepe, possibly the world’s oldest temple
• Visit Neolithic Karahan Tepe, possibly older than Göbekli Tepe
• Tour four UNESCO Heritage Sites: Ani, Diyarbakır & Hevsel Gardens, Göbekli Tepe, Nemrud Dağ
• See theTomb of Antiochus on Mt. Nemrud
• Limited to 14 participants

Historical Turkey Tour Itinerary

Day 1 depart for türkiye.

Fly to Istanbul, Türkiye.

Day 2 Arrive Istanbul. Fly to Trabzon

Arrive Istanbul. Transfer to our flight to Trabzon. Upon arrival, enjoy a city tour. Dinner and overnight in Trabzon at Zorlu Grand Hotel. (D)

Day 3 Trabzon

This morning we begin at the church of Hagia Sophia, beautifully situated in the western suburb outside the city walls and overlooking the Black Sea.  In the afternoon we drive to Erzurum with a stop en route at the cliff-side monastery of the Virgin Mary at Sumela in the Altindere National Park. Overnight for one night at the Zade Boutique Hotel in Erzurum. (B/L/D)

Day 4 Erzurum

Erzurum has longed played a significant role in the history of Anatolia, witnessing the rise and fall of various empires including the Urartians, Byzantines, Seljuks, and Ottomans.  We begin today with a tour of its iconic monuments, including the Great Mosque, the Çifte Minareli Medrese (with its double minaret), Yakutiye Medrese, and the bazaar.  After lunch we transfer to Kars with a stop at the Cobandede Bridge. Overnight for one night at the Beylerbeyi Palace Hotel. (B/L/D)

Just outside Kars is the ancient Armenian capital of Ani. Clearly the greatest achievement of medieval architecture to be seen anywhere in Turkey, this 11th century metropolis once was home for 100,000 people. Consequently, in 2016 Ani was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Today, the extraordinary walled city still contains splendid frescos that proclaim the richness of the city’s inhabitants and the excellence of the designers. After exploring the site, drive on to Dogubeyazit. This town is on the border with Armenia. And from here we will witness stunning views of sacred Mount Ararat. Overnight in the Ertur Boutique Hotel. (B/L/D)

Day 6 Ishak Pasa Seray, Ayanis, Tuşpa, Van

İshak Paşa Saray is a dazzling array of pointed domes and striped minaret invoking images from “A Thousand and One Arabian Nights.”  Notably, a local feudal lord built this citadel in the 17 th century. This lovely palace is one of the most memorable monuments in Turkey. And, for this reason, it is on the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List. The edifice is noteworthy not only for its beautiful classical style but also for its internal central heating system. 

After a brief stop at Muradiye Waterfall, continue through breathtaking scenery to rarely visited Ayanis, the last castle complex of the Urartians. Here, we meet Professor Mehmet Isikli, the director of the archaeological project who will give us a private tour of excavations.

Then it’s on to Van. This city is handsomely positioned on the edge of Turkey’s largest lake within a lush green oasis encircled by stunning mountain peaks. Interestingly, it is also famous for the Van Cat, a pure white, longhair feline with one blue eye and the other green.

Van is the location of the 9 th century BC former Urartian capital of Tuşpa.  This 3,000-year-old citadel is among the world’s most magnificent architectural monuments as observed by its royal tomb chambers and cuneiform inscriptions. Additionally, it is a superb example of the skills of Urartian stone masons. Overnight for two nights in the Hilton Doubletree Hotel in Van. (B/L/D)

Day 7 Lake Van, Aktamar, Çavuştepe

The Urartian fortress of Çavuştepe perches on a mountaintop with breathtaking views of the surrounding area.  Clearly a very old stronghold, a cuneiform inscription on a temple here proclaims King Sardui II, who ruled between 764 and 735 BC, as the builder.

Nearby Lake Van is sprinkled with islands, several containing thousand-year-old monasteries and churches. We will board a cruiser to cross the lake to Akdamar to view a breathtaking 10 th -century church constructed by an Armenian king. Built of carved red stone blocks, the walls of the chapel are adorned with exquisite friezes depicting stories from the Old Testament. (B/L/D)

Day 8 Transfer to Tatvan, Ahlat

Begin today at the Van Archaeological Museum to view remarkable artifacts found in the area before departing driving along the southern short of Lake Van to Tatvan. As we traverse spectacular scenery, we will stop at Ahlat, an historic town located on the northwestern edge of Lake Van. Here, the town’s small museum contains an interesting selection of artifacts including beautifully glazed pots and fine Urartian bronze-work.

Nearby is the Ulu Kümbet, or Great Tomb, built between 1273 and 1275 for a Mongol chieftain. Almost sixty feet high and topped by a conical stone roof, the 12-sided building is embellished with exquisitely carved decorations.  However, Ahlat is primarily known for its fascinating cemeteries. Forests of elaborately decorated Seljuk tombstones still stand. Created in the 12th and 13th centuries, most stand seven or eight feet tall adorned with rich, ornate carvings. Overnight for one night at The Crater Hotel in Tatvan. (B/L/D)

Day 9 Malabadi Bridge, Mor Gabriel Monastery

En route to Mardin today we stop at three interesting sites. Afterward, see the 10 th century Malabadi Bridge. When built it was one of the longest spanned stone arch spans in the world. Thus, UNESCO has placed it on the World Heritage Tentative List. Dayro d- Mor Gabriel,  also known as Deyrulumur, is the oldest surviving Syriac Orthodox  monastery  in the world.

Our final stop is Anitli village to see The Church of the Mother of God, arguably the most beautiful of the many churches of Tur Abdin. The church is part of a large monastic complex on the southern edge of the town of Hah and is thought to have been built around 450 AD and expanded by Byzantine Emperor Justinian in the 6th century, with additions being made right down into the modern period. Overnight in Mardin for two nights at the Gazi Konagi Boutique Hotel. Dinner is on our own. (B/L)

Day 10 Mardin, Dara

This morning we tour Mardin, beginning with Deir-Al-Zafaran (the Saffron Monastery), center of the Syrian Orthodox Patriarchy and still an active monastery. The site of the Saffron monastery has been a sacred place for thousands of years.

Continue to visit Dara, the remains of a Roman city built in the 6th century to protect the Roman border with Sassanian Persia. In the afternoon, we will have time to walk in the old city of Mardin to see the Great Mosque, bazaar and beautiful houses of Mardin. (B/L/D)

Day 11 Diyarbikir

Today we depart for Diyarbakır, at least 5,000 years old and one of the oldest cities in the world. Diyarbakır is encircled by a massive parapet built of jet-black blocks of basalt more than three miles long. It is a perfect example of medieval military architecture and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.  From the top there are magnificent vistas overlooking the Tigris River valley including the Hevsel Gardens, also with UNESCO World Heritage status.

Part of the Fertile Crescent, this landscape linked the city with the Tigris River. This huge green space has played a vital role in keeping the city provisioned and watered since the ninth century BC. This evening’s walking tour will take us along the walls, and to Ulu Mosque, one of the oldest mosques in Anatolia.  Dinner and overnight at the Dies Hotel in Diyarbakir. (B/L/D)

Day 12 Mt. Nemrud

The Kingdom of Commagene emerged as a Roman puppet state in the first century BC.  The most renowned ruler was King Antiochus I, an Armenian king whose lineage connected him to the Seleucids, Ptolemies, and Macedonians. He ruled the territory in the 1 st century B.C. and built his extraordinary mausoleum on the summit of Mt. Nemrud, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Certainly, it is one of the most extraordinary tombs in the world. From this imposing sanctuary we can see for almost fifty miles across the Mesopotamian Plain.  Our climb takes us to both the East and West Terraces to see the huge statues of Hellenistic gods – Apollo, Zeus, Fortuna – with the king prominently seated among them.

The western terrace contains a large slab with a lion, showing the arrangement of stars and the planets Jupiter, Mercury and Mars, and due to the astronomical alignments, it is believed to have been a place for religious ceremonies. Overnight at the nearby Euphrat Hotel. (B/L/D)

Day 13 Göbekli Tepe

Today’s destination is Göbekli Tepe, perhaps the world’s oldest temple dating back to 11,000 years ago and predating Stonehenge by 6,000 years.  Excavations have uncovered several circles of standing stones and inside each are two 16-foot-tall T-shaped pillars towering over the ring of shorter stones. Furthermore, many of these are richly garnished with carvings of foxes, vultures, lions and other wild animals. Understandably, Göbekli Tepe has been designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.   If available, we will meet with the director of excavations who will give us a private tour of the latest discoveries. After our tour, drive to Şanlıurfa with origins that are rooted in the Bronze Age. Renamed Edessa in the 4th century BC, it became a famous religious and intellectual center during the Byzantine period. Overnight for three nights in the El Ruha in Şanlıurfa. (B/L/D)

Day 14 Urfa City Tour

In Şanlıurfa, our walk through the old quarter takes us to the bazaar with its interesting display of local goods. Afterwards, we will visit two museums – The Şanlıurfa Archaeology Museum and the Halepli Bahce Mozaic Museum, home to the famous “warrior Amazon queen” mosaics.

We will see the city’s 10 th century Great Mosque that was constructed on what was thought to be the birthplace of Abraham, and an ancient castle that crowns the citadel. The current walls were constructed by the Abbasids in 814 AD. After returning to the hotel, enjoy our farewell dinner. (B/L/D)   

Day 15 Karahan Tepe, Harran

Numerous historical ruins are located around Şanlıurfa. Karahan Tepe, along with world-famous Göbekli Tepe, is part of a cluster of Neolithic settlements. These are spread over 125 miles of southeastern Turkey between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The monumental structures carved out of the bedrock at Karahan Tepe contain T-shaped pillars and carved representations of animals, serpents, and other enigmatic figures similar to the ones in Göbekli Tepe.

In addition, Karahan Tepe is believed to be considerably larger than Göbekli Tepe, covering an area of about 33 acres. Sited along the road that ran from Nineveh to Carchemish, Harran was a major commercial, cultural, and religious center first inhabited in the 6th millennium BC. It was mentioned in the bible as the place where Abraham brought his family after they left Ur. Today, it is known for the curious beehive shaped homes scattered through the village.  Return to Şanlıurfa with the rest of the afternoon and dinner on our own. (B/L)   

Day 16 Depart from Hatay Airport to Istanbul

Depart from Hatay Airport to Istanbul and our international flights home.  (B)  Or fly back to Istanbul to join  Far Horizons’ Western Turkey tour.  

Istanbul Extension Itinerary

Day 1 arrive in istanbul: aya sofya, museum of turkish and islamic arts, basilica cistern.

Arrive Istanbul and transfer to the historic area of the city. After a light lunch, visit Aya Sofya, the first church of Christianity, begun in the 2 nd century AD by Constantine the Great. One of the great buildings of the world, it served as the cathedral of Constantinople and was the center of the Byzantine Empire for almost a thousand years.

Walk to the Hippodrome, scene of Byzantine chariot races, athletic events, victory celebrations and executions. Nearby, enter the Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts. Housed within a 16 th -century palace built by the brother-in-law of Sultan Suleyman, the museum contains the world’s richest collection of 13 th -20 th century hand-knotted Turkish carpets and an ethnographic section depicting objects used in everyday Turkish life.

We end today at the Basilica Cistern, the largest and most magnificently covered cistern in Istanbul. Built in the 6 th century in the reign of Justinian, it supplied water to the Byzantine Great Palace nearby.

Overnight for the next four nights at the Ottoman Imperial Hotel, ideally located within walking distance of the important sites within the Old City. Enjoy a rooftop welcome dinner with views of the historic quarter. (L/D)

Day 2 Dolmabahce Palace, Private Cruise up the Bosphorus

This morning we begin at Dolmabahce Palace, an impressive and elaborate landmark sitting on the European side of the city. Home to the last six sultans of the Ottoman Empire, this palace complex has 365 rooms and 22 salons, all lavishly adorned with a collection of European antiquities, furniture and one 4.5-tons chandelier. In the 17 th and 18 th centuries it became fashionable for high-ranking people of Istanbul to own a summer home on the Bosphorus, the sinuous straits separating Europe from Asia.

This afternoon, we travel by chartered boat to view these lovely wooden villas and elegant marble palaces along the shore. Afterwards, we leave our vessel to dine at one of the excellent seafood restaurants nearby. (B/L/D)

Day 3 Culinary Walking Tour of Istanbul

Today we enjoy a culinary walking tour of Istanbul’s historic Old City that will transport our taste buds back in time!  With the iconic Grand Bazaar as our starting point, we embark on a journey to discover the best eateries that still utilize generations-old recipes in their creations.  As we dine where locals do, we will immerse ourselves in their culture and habits to truly understand why Turkish cuisine is one of the world’s most famous.  After our extensive exploration, we return to the hotel with a free afternoon and dinner on our own. (B/L)

Day 4 Topkapi Sarai, Panorama 1453 Historical Museum

Begin today by exploring Topkapi Sarai, built in 1468 as a summer palace for Mehmet the Conqueror. Within the estate are exquisite gardens, the council chambers of government, and the harem, the home of the sultan’s family.

After a delicious lunch we visit the Panorama 1453 Historical Museum, housing a panorama painting of the conquest of Constantinople.

Our farewell dinner will be at one of Istanbul’s fine local restaurants. (B/L/D)

Day 12 Depart Türkiye (OR begin the main Eastern Türkiye trip)

Transfer to the airport for our flight home OR, if you have chosen to visit Istanbul before the main trip, join the group to begin your Eastern Türkiye trip. (B)

Tour Information

Tour cost & inclusions.

Price is based on double occupancy and includes:

• Internal flights during the trip (if applicable)
• The accompaniment of your scholar throughout the entire trip
• Local English-speaking guide
• Hotel accommodations (3 or 4 stars; or best available based in the area)
• Ground transportation
• Airport transfers for arrivals and departures
• Most meals as noted in the itinerary
• Entry fees to all included sites and museums
• Gratuities to guides, drivers, and restaurant and hotel staff
• Coordination for any private presentations or tours

Trip prices are based on a minimum number of participants. If this minimum number is not met, trip prices are subject to change. Should the prices need to change, Far Horizons will reach out to registered guests to discuss directly.

Single Supplement

Should a roommate be requested and one not be available, the single supplement must be charged.

• International round trip airfare
• A separate donation check of $150.00 per person to a designated donation project
• Passport or visa fees
• Required vaccines or tests
• Airport or departure taxes
• Alcoholic drinks, beverages or food not included on set menus
• Excess baggage charges
• Personal tips and hotel incidental expenses
• Laundry or other items of a personal nature

Donation Checks

As a tour company that benefits from the cultural and natural riches of our destinations, we have a policy of donating to the scientific and cultural sites and projects which we visit. This has created a bond between Far Horizons and the academic and local communities that has helped us establish an extensive list of lecturers and contacts in each of our destinations. We ask that each participant donate to the noteworthy project we designate. The donation amount is $150.00 per person. Note that the donation is required as part of your registration for the trip and that it is non-refundable.

Exchange Rate Fluctuations

Prices are based on currency exchange rates keeping below a projected level. While it is unlikely, if the exchange rates should change substantially, Far Horizons reserves the right to charge an additional amount to the trip cost.

Registration

A deposit of $1000 per person is required along with your registration & health forms, which will be linked in the email confirmation you receive once you pay your deposit on our booking platform. Final payment is due 120 days before departure. Prior to departure, you will be sent a reading list and a tour bulletin containing travel information.

Cancellation

Cancellations received in writing at least 120 days before departure will receive a refund less a $500 per person administrative fee. Cancellations received less than 120 days before the departure date will not receive a refund. If for any reason you are unable to complete the trip, Far Horizons will not reimburse any fees. Upon registering for the tour, the purchase of travel protection with both trip cancellation and emergency evacuation is strongly advised. Links to recommended insurance policies will be included in the email you receive confirming receipt of your deposit.

Air Ticketing

International round trip flights are not included in the cost of the trip. If Far Horizons must change the trip dates or cancel the trip for any reason, Far Horizons is not responsible for any air ticket you may have purchased. Please send your complete air schedule as soon as you have it. NOTE: Please contact Far Horizons if you would like for us to handle your air ticketing.

Private Tours and Talks

The private tours of archaeological sites and talks by specialists are scheduled in advance and include a donation to each. Specialists working at these sites are excited about showing their work to interested enthusiasts. However, please be aware that there may be times when the director or a member of the staff may not be on site when our groups arrive due to other commitments.

Walking and Standing

Far Horizons expects all participants to be physically active and able to walk and climb independently throughout the full touring days. This includes walking over uneven terrain (uphill and downhill) for 2 miles or more at each site. You should expect to be on your feet for much of each day, averaging as much as 5 miles of walking per day. As such, each participant should be able to walk unaided at a pace of 3 miles per hour for at least an hour at a time, and to stand unsupported for at least 60 minutes. Bearing this in mind, we suggest that, if you have not already done so, you begin walking several miles every day, ideally including stairs and hills. If you have questions about your ability to keep up with the group or the strenuous nature of this trip, please contact the Far Horizons staff.

Travel in This Part of the World

This tour is designed for flexible, energetic people who like to be active, have a spirit of adventure and a positive attitude. We have designed this trip to be as comfortable as possible, while also aiming to visit some remote or unique sites that other companies do not attempt to include in their itineraries. There may be days where we have very long drives and the conditions of the roads may vary. Hotels and transportation in some remote areas may not be up to western standards. There may be times when no bellhops are available; please pack with the understanding that you need to be able to handle your own luggage at times. At times we may be walking over uneven trails for a mile or more; hiking boots are strongly recommended. Not every meal will not be haute cuisine and several lunches may be picnics or box lunches. By maintaining a flexible attitude we will soon be captivated by the beauty of the natural scenery, the hospitality of the local people, and the fascinating sites we will see. Your flexibility and patience will be appreciated.

Itinerary Changes

Changes in our itinerary, accommodations, and transportation schedules may occur. While we are committed to keeping as close to the published details as possible, sometimes it is simply not possible. Weather events, government affairs, or other factors out of our control sometimes come into play. A good book to read as well as patience, flexible attitude, and a sense of humor are essential.

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Eastern Turkey

Last Updated on April 8, 2024

Eastern Turkey is the biggest region in Turkey, covering almost a quarter of the country. Yet, merely 12% of locals live here. This low population is a result of the region's rugged terrain, which is covered in mountains, and its long winters.

The area surrounding the Eastern region historically belonged to a number of different ethnicities, from Armenians and Zazas to Kurds. While today, the Eastern region is part of Turkey, you can still find ancient structures and all kinds of artifacts and influences from these groups, most notably Armenian, especially in architecture.

With its broad vistas and dramatic scenery, Eastern Turkey is like one vast national park. So, many people come for the sweeping scenery, the many striking archeological sites, the architecture of the region's historic buildings, and for a look at life as it was lived in an earlier time.

Top Destinations

As the region is high and mountainous, and due to late thaws and early snow, summer is the best time to visit. Eastern Turkey is less developed than the West, and you may still see farmers in small villages winnow grain in the wind the old-fashioned way.

Because of the distances in the East ( maps ) and its distance from the cities of the West, allow at least a week to tour the East. Have a look at our Recommended Itinerary (11 to 15 days, including the Black Sea coast and the Southeast ).

Rock Valley Travel organizes both group and private tours of Eastern Turkey, or you can have them arrange this self-guided itinerary .

Here's where to go and what to see:

Erzurum is the "capital" and largest city in the East. It has a university, a big army base, an airport, the Palandöken ski area , and several fine Seljuk and Ottoman buildings. It's a good base for visits to the Kaçkar Mountains , Doğubayazıt, and Mount Ararat , and when the Mediterranean resort city of Antalya is engulfed in the sticky summer heat, the air is dry and pleasant in Erzurum. (If you come in winter, do it for skiing. )

Twin Minaret Madrasa: Built in 1253 by the Seljuks, this amazing structure is a must-see when visiting Erzurum. 

Yakut Madrasa: This madrasa was built in 1310 by Emir Hoca Cemalettin Yakut and has been used for different purposes throughout the years. Today, it is one of the prime examples of madrasas in Anatolia. 

Tortum Waterfalls: Tortum Waterfalls is the tallest waterfall in Turkey, racing up to 48 meters. There are also shops and plenty of opportunities to have a nice afternoon picnic. 

Lake Van is the only river outlet from this vast inland sea. It was blocked by volcanic eruption millennia ago, so the lake is highly alkaline, like the Dead Sea between Israel and Jordan. 

In the middle of Van Lake is Akdamar Island , boasting the Holy Cross Church, Turkey's only surviving Armenian Church with preserved mosaics and wall paintings.

Around Lake Van, there are several historic towns, including the city of Van and the nearby archeological site of Çavuştepe, with cuneiform inscriptions dating back to the Kingdom of Urartu almost 3000 years ago. Van Castle, which the Kingdom of Urartu built in 9 B.C., and the Hoşap Castle. 

At Ahlat on the north shore, there's the eerie Ahlat Seljuk Turkish cemetery, the only one of its kind in Turkey. 

Akdamar Island and Holy Cross Church: Akdamar Island is one of the unique mini islands in Turkey. It is located in the middle of the Van Lake and boasts the impressive Holy Cross Church, popular among those visiting the city. 

Çavuştepe: Built in the 8th century B.C., it used to be an Urartu Castle. Today, it's only the remnants of what was once a castle. 

Hoşap Castle: 50 km away from the city center of Van, this castle was built by one of the Kurdish tribes in Anatolia in 1 643. It is preserved well compared to Çavuştepe and might be an overall better experience. 

Iğdır & Doğubayazıt

In the shadow of Mount Ararat and a four-hour ride east of Erzurum, Doğubayazıt is the jumping-off point for trips into Iran and visits to the dramatic İshak Pasha Palace,6 km (4 miles) east of town, is a fine example of Ottoman palaces, built on top of a hill, 

If you have time, you can also visit the Noah's Ark National Park, believed to be the remnants of the biblical ship. 

İshak Pasha Palace: Built in the 18th century, this palace looks as if just out of a Middle Earth. If you ever get the chance, take advantage to take some snaps. 

Noah's Ark National Park: Also known as Durupınar Site, Noah’s Ark National Park is a geological formation that is believed to be the remains of Noah’s Ark. However, we have to note there is high speculation among locals and visitors alike.

Kars & Ani

Held by the Russians for 42 years, Kars has the feeling of an outpost of empire. It's about as different from Istanbul as you can get (in Turkey). 

Kars is your base for visits to the great medieval Armenian capital of Ani , 45 km (28 miles) to the east. Here, you can visit the Ani Cathedral and Church Of St Gregory, one of the region's greatest architectures left by Armenians. You can also cross into Georgia at Posof . 

Ani Cathedral: Completed in the year 1001, the Cathedral of Ani is the remains of an Armenian Church, well-preserved throughout the years. 

Church Of St Gregory: The Church Of St Gregory is the remains of a small church located in the ancient Armenian city of Ani, modern-day Kars.  

Malatya is another hub for travelers to Eastern Turkey. While there is not much to do in this small city, you can visit the nearby sites, such as the Aslantepe Ruins, used as a Roman town and a Byzantine burial, and Somuncu Baba Turbesi ve Kulliyesi (Shrine), a complex for a tomb for a local saint, a mosque and a pretty garden fixated on a scenery gorge. 

Aslantepe Tumulus: This ancient Tumulus has been around for more than 5.000 years and is today used as an open-air museum, waiting to welcome its visitors for a travel back in time.

Somuncu Baba Turbesi ve Kulliyesi (Shrine): This beautiful building complex is fixated on a beautiful gorge offering views that area unique few. 

Kaçkar Mountains

The Kaçkar Range north of Erzurum is excellent for trekking and river rafting . Its small mountain towns (like Yusufeli) produce abundant crops of fruit and often harbor interesting 1000-year-old churches left from the time when this was the medieval Kingdom of Georgia. 

Nemrut Dağı

" Mount Nimrod ," south of Malatya and north of Adıyaman and Kâhta , is one of Turkey's most astounding sights: an artificial mountain top framed by two great temples littered with colossal statues of gods—and one megalomaniac king which was built as a tomb for king Antiochus Theos of Kommagene (69-34 B.C.)

The area's scenery and atmosphere are impeccable, and you have to see it if you ever find yourself in Eastern Turkey. Remember to pack your clothes as the altitude is high, and it can get very chilly.

Southeastern Turkey 

Southeastern Turkey has a separate climatic region, which is best visited anytime except summer, unlike the East. If you combine it with a tour of the East, be aware of the climate difference. 

—by Tom Brosnahan , updated by Can Turan

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ultimate eastern turkey tour

Arrival in trabzon, 02/ trabzon hagia sophia sumela monastery historical bazaars, mt. kackar national park, karagol national park, hell's canyon, savsat, monasteries, ishan & osvank church, tortum waterfall, narman peribacilari, twin minarets madrassah, erzurum castle, wwi battlefield , unesco site - ani, castle of kars, chocolate hills, mount ararat, noah's ark site, ishac pasa palace, muradiye waterfall, boat tour on lake van, akdamar island & church, crater lake, ahlat cemetery, malabadi bridge, hasankeyf, tigris river, saffron monastery, kasimiye madrassah, old city mardin, diyarbakir city walls, 10 eye bridge, euphrates, mount nemrut, gobekli tepe, holy pools of abraham, haran city/j acob's well, archeology museum, mosiac museum, sunken city of halfeti, zeugma mosaic museum, gaziantep citadel, airport transfer, ultimate eastern turkey.

From the Black Sea Coast of Turkey the Eastern Anatolia, down to Northern Mesopotamia, this tour covers it all! We created this tour to offer those who want to see the best of the best in the area an opportunity to do so in one go! The highlights of all of our other Eastern Turkey Tours are included here packed into one jaw-dropping itinerary. Incredible Ancient temples at Gobekli Tepe predating Stonehenge, beautiful landscapes and natural wonders, Roman Ruins, Ottoman Palaces -- you name it, you'll find it in Eastern Turkey! This is an absolutely amazing once-in-a-lifetime tour.

Day 1 Arrival in Trabzon

Arrive in Trabzon and meet your driver who will take you to the hotel. After you settle in, you'll meet your tour guide and hear the details of the trip.   

Day 2 Trabzon

Visit the 14th-century Byzantine church of Hagia Sofia overlooking the Black Sea and see the Sumela Monastery. Then visit Historical Bazaars in the city center.

Depart for Rize. Explore Zil Castle, Ayder High Mountain Village, and Kackar Mountains National Park.

Day 4  Artvin

In Artvin, see Borcka Karagol National Park and Hell's Canyon. From there, visit Savsat Lake and beautiful thousand+-year-old monasteries in the area. 

Day 5  Erzurum

On your way to Erzurum, visit Ishan Church, Osvank Church and Tortum Waterfall. Stop and explore the geological formations at Narman Peribacilari. 

Day 6  Erzurum

See the Old City Center of Erzurum including the Twin Minarets Madrassah and a 5th Century Castle. Depart for Kars via the Aras River Valley and see the First World War battlefield site of Sarakamis.

Day 7  Kars Head to UNESCO World Heritage Site of Ani, the City of 1001 Churches. After you finish exploring this captivating place, visit the Old City Center and Castle of Kars. On your way to Dogubeyazit, trek the Chocolate Hills and enter a Salt Mine. 

Day 8 Mount Ararat Trek on the Biblical Mount Ararat, where the Bible says Noah's Ark came to rest. Visit the Iranian Border and Ishak Pasa Palace. Enjoy a delicious local lunch and learn about carpet weaving at a carpet factory. Take in the sites at the Muradiye Waterfall and visit the famous Van Cat Museum. 

Day 9  Van Visit the Van Museum and a local silver factory. Hike up to the Van Castle. See the largest museum of the Urartu civilization in the World. Take a boat tour to the 10th Century Holy Cross Church on Akdamar Island. This quaint island has no vehicles and is beautiful to explore. Depart for Tatvan.

Day 10  Tatvan See the great Volcano Crater of Nemrut and Nemrut Crater Lake. See the Seljuk monuments of Ahlat Cemetery. Here you'll find graves dating back over 2000 years. Important people throughout history have been buried in Ahlat and there are many interesting Ottoman gravestones found here as well. Day 11  Midyat

Visit Malabadi Bridge, a huge stone bridge used on the Silk Road Trade Routes. Take a boat ride on the Tigris to the sunken city of Hasankeyf and finish out the day by exploring the historical limestone mansions in the city of Midyat.

Day 12  Mardin

See the Deir-Al-Zafaran (Saffron Monastery). This monastery was once the center of the ancient Syriac Christian Patriarchy. This site has been the center of religious worship for many centuries. The monstery is built over an ancient temple, which was built in 1000 BC. It was originally used for the worship of the sun. The people became Christians in the first century and built a monastery on top of the temple. After you're done at the monastery, visit picturesque Kasimiye Madrassah before exploring the limestone streets and museums of the Old City of Mardin.

Day 13  Diyarbakir

Depart for Diyarbakir in the morning and see its famous Old City Walls, which are second in length only to the Great Wall of China! Visit the Caravan Saray, Ulu Mosque, Song House, and Islamic Museum. From there, watch the sunset at the 10 Eye Bridge, gazing over the Euphrates River. 

Day 14  Diyarbakir & Mount Nemrut

In Diyarbakir, visit the Archeology Museum and then leave for Nemrut along the Euphrates River. See Karakus Tumulus, a burial sanctuary, and the Cendere Bridge, erected by the XVI Legion in honor of Roman Emperor Septimus Severus. Arrive in Narlice Village in Nemrut National Park. Travel to the top of Mount Nemrut and see the Tombs of the Commagene Kingdom and the Colossal Statues of Gods. Climbing up to Tumulus of Antiochos, the capital of Commagene, watch the sunset from the summit of Mount Nemrut. This ancient burial monument at the peak of the mountain was forgotten and lost for nearly 2000 years! Depart for Adiyaman, seeing Old Kahta. 

Day 15  Sanliurfa

After breakfast, proceed to Sanliurfa. Visit Ataturk Dam and then visit the on-going archeological dig at Gobekli Tepe. This is the most important archeological dig currently being undertaken anywhere in the world. This site represents a major shift in our understanding of man's early history. Here lie the remains of the earliest religious structures built by man yet to be discovered. Experts believe they are around 10,000+ years old which predates pottery, writing, Stonehenge, and the Pyramids! Arriving in Urfa City, visit the Holy Pools of Abraham and the cave where, tradition tells us, Abraham was born. 

Day 16  Sanliurfa

Visit Haran City and Jacob's well. In Haran, see mud houses that have been maintained for hundreds of years! See the amazing Archeology Museum and Mosaic Museum of Sanliurfa. 

Day 17  Gaziantep

Head to Gaziantep and take a boat trip on the Euphrates River to see the sunken city of Halfeti. See the stunning Mosaic Museum, which houses a priceless collection of mosaics from the now sunken city of Zeugma. Visit the Archeology Museum, the citadel, and the Old Town and Bazaar of Gaziantep.

Day 18  Head Home

Rest, reflect and get ready for your journey home. Say goodbye to your tour guide who is sure to have become a friend. Your driver will take you to the airport. 

Tour Information

Inclusions: Hotels, Entrance Fees, Meals, Transfers,  English Speaking Tour Guide

Fitness Level: All Prices From: $3530 Tour Length: 18 Days, 17 Nights Start Location: Trabzon, Turkey End Location: Gaziantep, Turkey

"I saw my children see things that most people only dream of seeing. I'm so happy we had this opportunity to explore and experience these amazing places. Thank you SRM for this tour!

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EASTERN TURKEY TOURS

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Eastern Turkey home to history, myths and legends. So why not the time to explore this wonderful land with Farout. In the northeast you can visit the stunning natural landscape that will take your breath in wonder, ancient monuments can be found all around Erzurum where the history from the Selcuk, Mongols and Ottoman Eras can be found. In the south-east of Turkey, you will find ancient towns that have grown with the time, and icons that have appeared in both the Christian Bible and the Islamic Quran. Harran a town described in the bible where the Prophet Ibrahim or Abraham lived. The Far East of Turkey offers a unique history that can only be found here, ancient churches with no town, mountainside statues of ancient deities where phenomenal sunset and sunrises are found, with visitors spending time here to take in the first or last light of the day at Mount Nemrut. Unconfirmed but widely accepted is the final resting place of Noah’s Ark at Mount Ararat found standing tall and proud over east Turkey. Why not let us here at Farout Turkey, plan day tours and package holidays that will be unforgettable and wanting to make you return again soon.

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• The cliff-hanging Byzantine Sumela monastery
• Harvesting Tea with locals from tea farms & walking around hazelnut gardens
• Exploring Karagol National Park on foot
• Wandering around the evocative ruins of Ani on the Armenian border
• Visiting the unique Ishak Pasha Palace & catching views of Mt Ararat
• The markets and architecture of Mardin & Urfa
• Fantastic sunset by the majestic heads of Mt. Nemrut
• Eastern Turkey cousine influenced from borderline cousines.

Highlights of Eastern Turkey

A specious private tour of Remote Turkey

A world away from Turkey’s popular resorts, this exciting new eastern borderlands tour offers adventure, scenery and cultural interest on a grand scale. Our journey begins in the lush, towering and verdant mountains of the Black Sea region, close to Georgia, and concludes on the arid plains that stretch down towards Syria. On the way we shall find a complex mix of cultures both past and present. We visit some evocative and historically important sites, such as the ancient Armenian capital of Ani, the Byzantine masterpiece that is Sumela Monastery, the Ishak Paşa Palace, the architecture of Mardin and many seldom visited spots such as Lake Çildir and the remote Georgian churches and fortresses in the northeast. Mount Ararat at 5137m dominates the Iranian border and Lake Van, vast and mountain encircled, feeds the plains of Mezapotamia. Mount Nemrut houses 2200 years old giant statues of God and Goddess. With its broad vistas and dramatic scenery, fascinating history and culture, this trip gives a truly varied insight into a part of Turkey rarely seen by foreign visitors.

Day 1: Join Tour in Trabzon

The tour starts this evening in the mountainside Black Sea city of Trabzon. There should be time for a welcome drink before bed. Hotel

Day 2: Trabzon

After breakfast we drive east before heading inland, via the town of Macka, from where we will climb into the densely forested hills to the Greek Orthodox Sumela Monastery founded in Byzantine times. Dating from the 4th century this monastery is one of Turkey’s most iconic sights. We then descend to the coast and return to Trabzon, a truly ancient city, originally known as ‘Trebizond’. There is a beautiful and historically significant church near here called Aya Sophia, dating from the 13th century. Whilst not as grand as its namesake in Istanbul it certainly warrants a visit, keeping as it does a few quiet secrets.

Hotel (B, L, )

Day 3: Trabzon – Arhavi

Heading Along Blacksea coast, we pass through and over the dramatic Pontic Mountains - an area topographically defined by dense forests, rushing streams, wild rivers and by the splendid towering mountains. Not only Remote Greek castles and old Georgian churches are testament to the cultural history of the area which we will visit but also majestic tea farms and factories and local farmers and villages.

Hotel (B, L, D)

Day 4:  Arhavi- Savsat 

After an early visit to Çiftepugar tea farm, we pass near to the city of Artvin. New lakes will be created on two sides of this hillside city. Continuing on and up we plan on visiting the small mountain town of Meydancik, known for its old wooden houses and its traditional lifestyle. We shall overnight at Şavşat, (pronounced shavshat). This small town will be our base for a day’s exploration of the Georgian border area. Bears are still common in this area, unlike hotels!

Day 5: Savsat 

Today we shall get very close to the Georgian border and visit the Karagol (Black Lake) National Park. This area of high upland pastures dotted with villages and dense forests is home to many brown bears. In the autumn they like to forage for fruit. In particular they enjoy the orchards of the local villagers! We plan on walking in the park area both in forest and in the environs of the very attractive village and on to the lake itself. Wildflowers abound on the pastureland and the views are stunning. On the way we can also visit the once important church of Tibeti, now ruined but its location is still a treat to the senses. Later we’ll return to Şavşat

Day 6: Şavşat – Kars 

The first hour’s drive is a slow climb through a beautiful mix of forests and flower-strewn high meadows. Leaving the forests behind and crossing a pass over 2300m high we emerge into an area of high steppe cut by dramatic gorges. We plan to walk along the side of one such canyon to reach the ‘Devils Castle’- a small but beautifully situated fortress guarding one of the valleys that cuts through the steppe The surprising Lake Cildir is also on our route. We are now on the north-eastern plateau, at around 2,000m from which the mountains climb. After arriving in Kars we shall have time to wander through the town, giving us a chance to see the characteristic Russian architecture as well as the Armenian Church of the Twelve Apostles.. This area was occupied by the Russians during the late 19th century and British forces were besieged in Kars Castle during the Crimean war.

Day 7: Kars – Ani – Kars

In the morning we visit one of the tour’s definite highlights - the ruined ancient city of Ani, which was the Armenian capital in the 9th century. The ruins are only 45 km away, right on the border with modern day Armenia, sitting above the Arpa river and controlling the crossing that was, at one time, an essential strategic point on an off-shoot of the Silk Route. The city became fabulously wealthy before, in the 11th century, when it was captured in quick succession by the Byzantine and the Turkish armies. This is an intriguing and memorable place and was, for many years, completely off- limits as it lay within the no-go area that surrounded the USSR. After lunch we arrive back to Kars and discover the city and builidings which was builg during 40 years Russian ocupacy in 1877.

Day 8: Kars – Van

After an early start we drive to Doğubeyazıt to visit İshak Paşa palace with a view over the splendid Mt Ararat (we hope to get fine views of Ararat as we walk). This town with its combination of fortress, palace and pleasure-dome dates mostly from the 17th century. In the afternoon we shall continue on to Van and our journey will pass the high pastures used by the nomad tribes that live along the Iranian border.

Day 9: Van – Tatvan 

The morning will be spent visiting the island of Aktamar, where there is a well documented Armenian church with the most ornate reliefs depicting scenes from the Old Testament. In the late morning we shall continue by boat, past a smaller island used by nesting birds, and on to a remote peninsula. Here a seldom visited church lies high above the bay. In a nearby village we plan on having lunch before climbing up to the church and then later we shall continue on to Tatvan at the western end of Lake Van.

Day 10: Tatvan - Hasankeyf - Mardin 

Today we pass the stone houses and mosques of Bitlis, the regional capital before continuing on to the Batman river, still spanned by one of the largest stone bridges of its kind. Turning south towards the Syrian border area, we visit the ancient town of Hasankeyf. This town will, unfortunately, soon be flooded under the waters of a dam and so we will be able to learn what the local populace think about this first hand. In the afternoon we continue on to Mardin,a hillside town overlooking the plains of northern Syria.

Day 11:  Mardin

After breakfast we have the chance to spend some time in the evocative, stone-built, hillside city of Mardin, home to Turkey’s few remaining Syrian Christians. The architecture here is both ornate and fascinating, particularly the mosques and churches. The old markets are also well worth a wander, down lanes between stone houses as they slope on down the hill. The museum is also quite beautiful with a great view. . There are also a number of monasteries still active in the area and we hope to be able to visit one of them. The local cuisine is also rightly famous and we intend on indulging ourselves accordingly!

Day 12: Mardin-Gobeklitepe -Urfa 

Heading west across the hot plains we reach the old Crusader town of Edessa, now called Urfa. It is believed to be the birthplace of Abraham. Its labyrinthine bazaar is both inviting for its offer of cool shade and fascinating for its wares. The cuisine in this area has a reputation for being ‘fiery’. Its old medrasses (schools) lie next to ornamental lakes with their tea gardens, giving the appearance of a harmonious union between nature and architecture. We also visit Gobelitepe and overnight in Urfa.

Day 13: Mount Nemrut – Arsemia Karakus

After breakfast we drive to Mount Nemrut region to visit Cendere bridge, Karakus Tumulus and Ancient city of Arsemia. Then we continue to 2134m high Mount Nemrut.  In 62 BC, King Antiochus I theos of Commagene built on the mountain top a tomb-sanctuary flanked by huge statues 8–9-metre-high (26–30 ft) of himself, two lions, two eagles and various Greek, Armenian, and Medes gods, such as Zeus-Aramazd or Oromasdes (associated with Zoroastrian god Ahura Mazda), Hercules-Vahagn, Tyche-Bakht, and Apollo-Mihr-Mithras. These statues were once seated, with names of each god inscribed on them standing over the 2100 years on the top of mountain .After watching sunset, we turn back to our pension located on the skirts of Mt.Nemrut.

Local Family Pension (B, L, D)

Day 14: Gaziantep

Today we leave for Gaziantep and visit Zeugma museum and try best south eastern Turkey cousines of Gaziantep. Antep kebab, içli köfte , lahmacun, baklava, antep pistachio comes from Antep through history. In the afternoon we check in to the hotel in Gaziantep.  Gazintep has so many narrow-street bazaars for last day shopping and this afternoon is left to you free for relaxation and discovering the city on your own.

Hotel 4* Best Western Ravanda (B)

Day 15:  Gaziantep Airport transfer

Group Transfer to in Gaziantep Airport ( GZT ) airport code.

• English speaking expeirenced and enthusiactic guide
• Meal plan as detailed in the itinerary (B=Breakfast, L=Lunch, D=Dinner)
• All transport as outlined in the itinerary.
• All accommodation
• All entrance fees, as per itinerary.
• Local airport taxes
• Tips to locals
• Beverages & any personal costs
• Meals not planned as detailed in itinerary
• International & Domestic Flights

Duration: 15 Days  

Average group size 2 person minimum max 14 person

Tour season: All year around

Any accommodation mentioned in the itinerary is subject to availability and if not available substitutes will be of a similar quality.

Accommodation will be in a combination of hotels and local pensions.

Transport on the itinerary will be by ac. minibus

Trip Grading:

Adventure Rating ❖❖❖❖❖    Comfort Grade ❖❖❖❖❖       

Activity Level ❖❖❖❖❖           Cultural Interest ❖❖❖❖❖

Please note that this grading is an indication only and should you have any concerns please contact the office.

Insurance: Insurance that provides cover for emergency repatriation in case of a medical emergency is compulsory for all tours. We work with Turkish travel insurance and all clients are insured during the tour via Tursab and all vehicles have insurance

Responsible Travel: Responsible travel and sustainable tourism are fundamental ideas that we have been committed to since we were founded. It is our strong belief that these words should not be simply ‘tagged on’ to dossiers and websites but should be at the very core of each trip, and our adventures are therefore designed with the local people, culture and eco-system in mind. We believe that a successful trip not only delivers a unique and unsurpassable journey for our clients, but that it also benefits the peoples whose lands we are privileged to visit.

Climate: Eastern Turkey where has high altitude generally cool (around 18 degrees Celsius) and dry, though as we will be spending significant time in the mountains you should come prepared for all eventualities, including cool nights and some rain depending on season.

TOUR PRICE: 

2 PERSON GROUP : PER PERSON 3550 EURO

4 PERSON GROUP: PER PERSON 2350 ERO

6 PERSON GROUP: PER PERSON 2100 EURO

8 PERSON+ : 1850 EURO

I've actually traveled with Overland Travel Trekking's guide on two separate occasions covering many sites in both western and eastern Turkey. Each day is well planned and the guide will adjust the tour to suit the needs and abilities of the group, so each trip will be very personalized. The guide is keenly interested in history and archaeology, which fits Turkey perfectly. And you'll gain insights into the cultural aspects of the region as well, which includes local customs, cuisine, music, etc. The prices for the various tours are very reasonable, especially considering the individualized experiences you'll receive.

• Overland Travel Foça mah. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Cad. No:34/2 Fethiye/Mugla Turkey 48300
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13 Day Eastern Turkey Tour 'The Land Beyond the Seas' TOURCODE: TE10

Duration: 13 Days

Activity Level: 2

When To Go: Apr, May, Oct

Countries Visited: 1

Arrive In / Depart From: Istanbul / Istanbul

Max Group Size: 18

Tour Style: Cultural

Price From:

Discover the country's true culture with the help of experienced local guides.

• Small group sizes to help escape the beaten path.
• All-inclusive with top-rated restaurants and hotels.

Turkey is the perfect setting for culture and history enthusiasts -- a nation ripe with heritage.

Prices below are per person , twin-sharing costs in Canadian Dollars (CAD) . Pricing does not include airfare to/from the tour and any applicable taxes. For single supplement rates and taxes (if any), please refer to below Prices & Dates table. For general information on flights to/from the tour, click here .

Select a date below to reserve your spot:

2025 DATES: This tour will become one day longer and will start in Ankara (not Istanbul) one day earlier than shown. Once our 2024 dates depart, our itinerary and dates will be adjusted (the price already reflects this change).

Optional Single Supplement: $890 CAD (number of singles limited).

Day 1 Arrival in Istanbul Arrival into Istanbul; the rest of the day is free to explore the city. This evening you will meet your Tour Leader for an information session about the tour program followed by dinner. You may also be meeting other travellers joining from our tour of Western Turkey (TW4), who have already had their Istanbul city sightseeing, thus placing our TE10 city touring at the end of our program. Overnight in Istanbul. Included Meal(s): Dinner

Day 2 Istanbul - Flight to Trabzon: City Tour This morning we fly to Trabzon and commence with a morning tour of this interesting Black Sea port city. Our first visit is the 13th century Church of Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom), built by Manuel I on the site of an earlier pagan temple. Having suffered extensive damage over the years, many of the frescoes -- some of the finest examples of Byzantine painting in the world -- were painstakingly restored to their former glory during the 1960's. Inside we will see scenes from the Old Testament and the life of Christ. We then embark on a walking tour of old Trabzon. The city of Trabzon, the capital of "Byzantium in Exile" has inspired travellers and writers from Marco Polo to Rose Macaulay. Milesian colonists from Sinope settled here in the 7th century BCE who are thought to have been engaged in the metal trade, exporting such things as Urartian bronze to the Western Mediterranean. The name of Trapezos is thought to derive from the table-like headland on which the citadel was established, upon which are the remnants of the Byzantine city. From here we continue into the old quarters to see the Tabakhane Bridge, the citadel and city walls, the Middle City, and the Ortahisar Mosque, formerly the main Cathedral of Byzantine Trabzon where weddings, funerals and coronations took place. We see the Upper Citadel where the Imperial Palace once stood overlooking the ravine. We leave the citadel via the Zagnos bridge to our final visit, the Ottoman Mosque of Gulbahar Hatun. Overnight in Trabzon. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 3 Trabzon - Sumela Monastery - Erzurum This morning we head to the Monastery of Sumela, built in the place where the venerated icon of the Virgin -- believed to have been painted by St. Luke -- was discovered by the Athenian monk Barnabas in 385 CE. The monastery developed in the 6th century, though what remains dates to the 13th and 14th centuries when the Byzantine Emperors of the Komnenos dynasty celebrated their coronations here. The miraculous powers of the icon were so famous that even Turkish sultans came here to make offerings. We will ascend the monastery via a footpath through a lush forest; the entire walk is about 250 m and takes about 30 minutes. The first glimpse of the monastery clinging to the face of a sheer cliff is unforgettable. Although in a state of decay, many brilliant frescoes are still visible inside the main chapel. Sumela gives us a fascinating insight into monastic life, from the medieval to modern era. We'll break for lunch en route to Erzurum; while in the eastern Black Sea area, you may choose to sample some typical dishes of the region: lahana corbasi (cabbage soup), lahana sarmasi (stuffed cabbage rolls), hamsi (anchovies), and muhlama and kaymak -- two types of melted hot cheese served with bread. We continue onwards to Erzurum. Erzurum has some of Turkey's earliest Islamic buildings. If time permits this afternoon, we will see Ezurum's most famous building, the Cifte Minare Madrasa. It was founded in 1253 by the Seljuk Sultan Aleddin Keykubad II in honour of his daughter whose mausoleum is part of the madrasa. We will also see the Lala Pasha Mosque and the Ulu Cami. Overnight in Erzurum. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 4 Erzurum - Kars & Ani This morning we make our way to the frontier town of Kars and the haunting ruins of the old Armenian capital, Ani. Once a city of a hundred gates and a thousand churches, the ruins of Ani still capture the imagination. By the middle of the 10th century CE, no city in Europe could compare in size and magnificence to Ani and in the east only Constantinople, Cairo and Baghdad were its rivals. The Mongol raids, a severe earthquake in 1319, and the coup de grace of Tamerlane's conquering armies combined to destroy the city. Today the abandoned walls and dozens of churches in red and black sandstone stand at the edge of a deep gorge right on Turkey's eastern border. Several of the churches have beautiful frescoes in the Armenian style. Overnight in Kars. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 5 Kars - Ishak Pasa Sarayi - Dogubeyazit Today we drive to Dogubeyazit, via the region of Mt. Ararat, the highest mountain in Turkey (5165m/17,045 ft), steeped in religious tradition throughout the Near East since antiquity. According to Genesis 8:4, Mt. Ararat was the final resting place of Noah's Ark once the waters of the Great Flood had receded. The Armenians believed that their race descended from its slopes, the Arabs considered it the "roof of the world" from which the life-giving Tigris and Euphrates rivers originated. En route we'll visit Ishak Pasa Sarayi, an incredible palace built in the 17th century by a Cildiroglu chieftain and finished by Ishak Pasa in the1784. The palace is located some distance from the remote frontier town of Dogubeyazit on the border between Turkey, Armenia, and Iran. The palace built circa 1800 is a mixture of architectural styles with Seljuk, Persian, Georgian, Armenian, and Ottoman elements. At one time the palace had a door plated in gold and studded with precious stones. We descend from the palace to Dogubeyazit, a frontier town only 35km from the Iranian border, where we will spend the night. Your best chance to see Mt. Ararat in all its glory is first thing in the morning before the clouds move in. Overnight in Dogubeyazit. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 6 Dogubeyazit - Lake Van Today we have a beautiful drive through the Bitlis Canyon to the shores of Lake Van, the heart of the ancient Armenian, Turcoman, and Kurdish cultures. Lake Van is the largest lake in Turkey and the largest soda lake in the world -- a phenomena created by the high alkalinity of its waters. Located 1750m above sea level, with a maximum depth of 450m (1,485 ft), the lake was created millions of years ago when lava flows from nearby Mt. Nemrut blocked the basin's outlet. Upon arrival, we will pay a visit to the Van Museum with its outstanding collection of Urartian gold jewellery. We will also drive out of the town centre for a view of the Van Castle overlooking Lake Van. Overnight in Van. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 7 Lake Van & Akdamar Island This morning we'll take a 20-minute boat ride out to Akhtamar Island, where stands the 10th century Armenian Church of the Holy Cross. Its beautiful location, 2 km off shore, has infused it with a tranquil and sacred aura. A monastic settlement since the 6th century, it was also at one time the seat of the Armenian Patriarch and the sacred burial ground of saints. Akhtamar church is also considered one of the masterpieces of Armenian art and architecture. We will see the remnants of its medieval frescoes inside and on the exterior, the wonderful frieze carved in relief of human and animal figures and biblical scenes. Returning to Tatvan by boat, we continue our journey to Van, enjoying magnificent views of the lake, and, if it's a clear day, the snowcapped peaks of Mt. Nemrut (3050m) and Mt. Suphan (4058m). Back in Van, we'll explore Van, the capital of the ancient Urartian Empire, whose realm once stretched into modern Iran, Iraq and Syria. We will climb up to Van Castle, the Urartian citadel, perched like an eagle's nest on a high rocky outcrop, where we will see the remains of stone battlements, a temple, royal tombs and inscriptions. From this vantage point, there are splendid views of Old Van. Overnight in Van. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 8 Lake Van - Kahta This morning we leave Van for a drive west to Kahta, the base for our visit to Mt Nemrut. This is a full day's travel (the longest of the trip) through the rugged, spectacular scenery of this corner of the country. Kahta, our destination, is a small town in attractive countryside at the foot of Mount Nemrut. The population of Kahta is mostly of Kurdish origin from Reshwan tribe. Overnight in Kahta. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 9 Mt. Nemrut Touring This morning we visit the world famous Mt. Nemrut. Mt. Nemrut rises to a height of 2150m (7,095 ft) above sea level, the highest mountain in this area of the anti-Taurus range. The summit of the mountain was adorned with colossal statues circling a massive 50m high tumulus in the 1st century BCE by the vain and megalomaniac king, Antiochus I. The ruler of a relatively unimportant but wealthy kingdom, the Commagene Kingdom served as a buffer state between the Roman and Parthian Empires. Antiochus I "Theos," a self-styled god, had two desires: to leave visible proof of his (self-proclaimed) royal descent from Alexander the Great and King Darius of Persia, and to be "buried close to the celestial throne." The result is the massive self-aggrandizing funerary monument impossibly built on the mountain summit. On our way to the summit we will stop at Arsameia, the capital of the Commagene Kingdom. A 5m stele has a well- preserved relief depicting Mithridates I (father of Antiochus) shaking hands with Hercules. A nearby inscription mentions the founding of Arsameia and the sacred tomb of Mithridates. We continue to the summit of the mountain. From the car park, we will walk about 600m (20+ minutes) up the slope to visit the Western and Eastern Terrace. Although the latter is better preserved, both terraces have a similar layout. Lining the base of the tumulus, are colossal statues (of which the heads alone are 2m tall!) of the Graeco-Parthian gods of Helios-Mithra, Fortuna, Zeus- Ahurmazda, Antiochus and Hercules. On the western terrace are a series of reliefs, showing Antiochus shaking hands with Apollo, Zeus and Hercules, as well as one with a lion and the planets -- perhaps the astrological symbols of Antiochus's birth date. According the inscriptions found here, Antiochus left elaborate instructions on how he wished his birth and coronation date to be celebrated, including details of offerings and sacrifices to be made. The artificial mound of crushed rock in the center covers the royal tomb of Antiochus himself, which is yet unexcavated. We descend the mountain in the same manner; the route back to Kahta provides panoramic views of the reservoir of the Ataturk Dam below and hillside villages. Overnight in Kahta. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 10 Kahta - Adiyaman - Fly to Istanbul Today we drive the short distance to Adiyaman from where we fly back to Istanbul. Fight time-permitting, we may accomplish some of our Istanbul city touring today upon arrival. Overnight in Istanbul. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 11 Istanbul: Hippodrome & Agia Sophia Istanbul straddles the confluence of two waterways, the Golden Horn and the Bosphorous. The city is divided by these waterways into three parts -- two parts are in Europe and one part is in Asia, making Istanbul the only city in the world spread over two continents! The city is crowded with beautiful mosques, churches and palaces. We start our day with a panoramic drive around the Golden Horn and the great walls of Constantinople. The first recorded bridge over the Golden Horn was built during the reign of Justinian the Great in the 6th century at the western end of the city, and today we will pass the famous Galata Bridge and the Ataturk Bridge. As we drive along the Byzantine city gates and walls we will view the towering minarets of Suleyman's Mosque and the Galata Tower before arriving in Sultanahmet Square. We'll begin the walking component of today's tour at the legendary Blue Mosque, built between 1609 and 1616 by Mehmet Aga. We will see the interior, where the walls and ceiling are covered by more than 20,000 Iznik tiles. At the adjacent Hippodrome we will see the remains of the great sports stadium where chariot races were held in Roman and Byzantine times. We will also see an Egyptian obelisk, a giant needle of stone carved for the Pharaoh Tutmoses III around 1500 BC and brought to Constantinople by the Byzantine Emperor Theodosius in AD 390. We continue to the church of Agia Sophia (St Sophia), built by the Emperor Justinian in 548 BC. It was the largest church in the Christian world for nearly 1,000 years. When the Ottoman Turks conquered the city in 1435 one of the first things they did was to convert St Sophia into a mosque. In 1934 the building was deconsecrated and converted to a museum; however, in 2020, Pres. Recep Tayyip Erdogan made the controversial decision to convert the building back into a mosque, though it remains opens to visitors (please note that the ongoing conversion/renovations may limit our visit to certain areas or result in some features being covered, rendering them unviewable). Outside Agia Sophia we descend underground to the gigantic Basilica Cisterns.* These are the largest of several hundred ancient cisterns that lie beneath the city of Istanbul. Like most sites in Istanbul, the cistern has a colourful history. Constructed using columns, capitals and plinths from ruined buildings, the cistern's symmetry and sheer grandeur of conception are quite extraordinary. This immense underground water container was built during the reign of Emperor Justinian I in 532 to meet the water needs of the Great Palace. This marvelous piece of engineering only confirms yet again that those were the heydays of the Byzantine Empire. The remainder of the afternoon is yours to explore before our evening meal. Your Tour Leader can show you to Istanbul's famous Grand Bazaar -- even if you're not a kean shopper, the atmosphere and goods on offer offer interesting local insights into life in the city, the old and the new. Note: You may wonder why we choose not to include Topkapi Palace in our program. While it's an important site with a long storied history, the nature of the facility and the rules pertaining to visitation, ie limits on groups and guiding to reduce crowding and noise, make it better-suited to a self-guided, rather than a group touring, experience. Should you want to visit on your own, please consult your Tour Leader in advance. * Due to periodic closures for restorations, we may substitute the nearby Cistern of Philoxenos, also known as the Binbirdirek Sarnici or "Cistern of 1,001 Columns." Overnight in Istanbul. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 12 Istanbul Touring Continued Our morning starts with a visit to the aromatic Spice Bazaar, where the smells of cinnamon, clove, and thyme rise from hundreds of colourful muslin bags at every store front. Nearby we'll visit the Mosque of Suleyman the Magnificent, built by the great architect Sinan in the 16th century. The design of the mosque achieves a perfection of harmony and monumentality at once, set in the centre of a huge complex which included a library, soup kitchen for the poor, a hammam (bath), fountains, gardens, caravansary, and schools. We then board a ferry for a relaxing cruise along the shores of the legendary Bosphorus, the natural gateway that divides Asia and Europe. As you sit back and enjoy some tea from traditional small cups, numerous summer palaces and palatial homes will pass by on either side. Disembarking at the northern end of the strait, we have a break for lunch (a local fish restaurant is recommended) before we proceed to the Kariye (Chora) Museum to see the marvelous mosaics of the late Byzantine period. We then make our way back to our hotel with some free time before our evening meal. Overnight in Istanbul. Included Meal(s): Breakfast and Dinner

Day 13 Departure Departure from Istanbul. IYI YOLCULUKLAR/BON VOYAGE! Included Meal(s): Breakfast

Inclusions Breakfast and dinner (mostly local restaurants, some hotels) daily. Full-time Tour Leader, all accommodation, transport, sightseeing and entrance fees for sites noted as 'visited' in the detailed itinerary. Gratuities for local guides, drivers, restaurant staff, porters. Airport transfers for land & air customers and for early arriving/late departing land & air customers who book their air & extra hotel nights through us.

Exclusions International airfare to/from the tour. Tour Leader gratuities, lunches, drinks, personal items (phone, laundry, etc), international (if applicable) and domestic air taxes, visa fees, and excursions referenced as 'optional'. Airport transfers for Land Only customers. Our post-reservation trip notes offer further guidance on optional meal costs, shopping, and visas.

Seasonality and Weather This tour is offered in spring and fall when temperatures are milder, crowds thinner, and airfares lower than summer. Spring is popular for green landscapes and wildflowers; fall is a time of freshly-harvested local produce. Both spring and early fall will be comfortable, with warm daytime temperatures and cool nights/mornings. Our later fall date may encounter chillier conditions with the possibility of showers, especially to the north. That said, Turkey is still pleasant with temperature not really becoming "cold" until early December.

Transport and Travel Conditions Our land transport is via private air-conditioned motor coach, 36-40 seats depending on ultimate group size (see 'Group Size'). Turkish roads are generally good and travelling is not arduous, though we do have several full-yet-scenic days with stops of interest. If you take a look at a map and our route, you will note that Turkey is a large country and the distances between some of our overnight points can be considerable. If we ever get comments about the 'difficulty' of this trip, it's in reference to full days of bus travel and some hotel arrivals/evening meals that may be later than you may be accustomed. The tour is not strenuous with regard to our activities, but it is busy. Our tours of towns and cities, as well as archaeological sites, are conducted on foot and feature uneven surfaces and plenty of stairs. Our "level 2" rating reflects the ambitious nature of our program, some early starts and full days of travel, the considerable amount of walking we'll do, the remoteness of some locations, and the possibility of heat in some locales. 2025 DATES PLEASE NOTE: After our 2024 TE10 tours have departed, this itinerary/dates will be adjusted to lengthen the tour by one day, starting one day earlier than currently shown. The tour will also begin in Ankara (not Istanbul) and travel to Trabzon with an added night in Samsun en route. Once our 2024 trips depart, this itinerary will be adjusted (the current price already reflects this change).

Am I suitable for this tour? Please refer to our self-assessment form .

Accommodation Well-located, air-conditioned, mid-range hotels (3-4 star) throughout. All hotels have en-suite bath. Hotel porter service is generally available (see 'Inclusions'). Single rooms are limited and likely smaller than twins. Click on the "Map & Hotels" tab for more information.

Staff and Support Tour Leader and local guide throughout, driver(s), local step-on local guides in various locales.

Group Size Maximum 18 plus Tour Leader

Tour Extensions This tour is part of a series that can be upgraded to make for a longer trip. For more options, please refer to tour code/s:

Regions visited: Central And Eastern Europe Countries visited: Turkey

*The red tour trail on the map does not represent the actual travel path.

The following is a list of sample hotels at some locations included on this tour. The hotels shown here are meant to provide a general sense of the standard of hotel we usually aim for; they are not necessarily confirmed for your chosen departure.

Reservation Summary

Have Questions? Call us: 1-800-843-2678

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Eastern Turkey Itinerary 14 Days

East turkey tour.

Eastern part of Turkey is not one of the main touristic areas in Turkey, so it always surprises visitors with its cultural and historical richness, with places like Gobekli Tepe – the oldest religious construction yet discovered in the world, Gaziantep and its world famous cuisine, multi – cultural Antakya and Mardin...

East Turkey tour is a unique and unforgetable experience

Eastern Turkey Itinerary

Day 1: adana-tarsus-adana.

• Pick up from Adana airport and drive to Tarsus, the birth place of Saint Paul.
• Arrive to Tarsus and visit to the well of Saint Paul and the Cleopatra Gate.
• Lunch in Tarsus and drive back to Adana.
• Overnight stay in Adana

Day 2: Antakya

• Breakfast and departure to the Biblical city Antakya . Its museum has one of the richest Roman mosaic collections of the world.
• Outside the city there is the cave of Saint Peter.
• Overnight stay in Antakya

Day 3: Gaziantep

• Arrival to Gaziantep.
• There we will visit the mosaic museum which houses a collection of mosaics from the now sunken city of Zeugma.
• We will visit the citadel and the Old Town of Gaziantep.
• Overnight in Gaziantep.

Day 4: Urfa

• After breakfast we will drive fom Gaziantep to Urfa.
• We will visit the ancient town of Harran with its “Beehive” houses.
• Then the archaeological site at Gobekli Tepe to visit what is considered to be the oldest religious construction yet discovered.
• Overnight in Urfa

Day 5: Adıyaman Kahta

• From Urfa we depart for Nemrut.
• En route, we will stop at the Ataturk Dam, the keystone in the South East Anatolian Project (GAP).
• Overnight stay in Kahta.

Day 6: Nemrut and Arrive to Mardin

• We will visit the summit of Nemrut for sunrise.
• We visit the ancient funerary monument at the summit of mt. Nemrut in Adiyaman.
• With a brief stop in Diyabakir we carry on to Mardin.
• Overnight stay in Mardin

Day 7: Mardin - Tatvan

• After breakfast we will visit the ancient Saffron Monastery, an important religious site for Syriac Christians.
• From Mardin we proceed to Hasankeyf on the River Tigris and down the Bitlis Gorge to Bitlis.
• Overnight in Tatvan.

Day 8: Ahlat - Van

• Depart from Tatvan to Van, on the way visiting Seljuk monuments of Ahlat
• The great volcano crater of Nemrut
• Along the shore of the Lake Van proceed to Van.
• Overnight stay in Van.

Day 9: Van City Tour

• Sightseeing in the Van region including a visit to the 17th century fortress of Hosap, sitting astride the ancient Silk Road into Persia and the Orient.
• In the afternoon we will visit the island of Akdamar in Lake Van and the 10th century Church of the Holy Cross.
• Overnight in Van.

Day 10:  Biblical Mountain of Ararat and Arrive to Kars

• On to Ishak Pasha Saray, passing the Biblical mountain of Ararat to Dogubeyazit.
• Overnight stay in Kars.

Day 11: Kars Tour and Erzurum

• In Kars we visit the ancient Armenian city of Ani on the Arpacay River
• Then proceed via the First World War battlefield site of Sarakimis and the Aras River valley, sightseeing in Erzurum.
• Overnight in Erzurum.

Day 12: Georgian Valleys - Hopa

• We depart Erzurum for Hopa via the spectacular Georgian Valleys, Ishan and Artvin.
• Overnight in Hopa.

Day 13: Monastery of the Virgin Mary in Trabzon

• From Hopa we drive along the Black Sea border to Sumela.
• Visiting the cliff side monastery of the Virgin Mary at Sumela in the Altindere national park before proceeding to the 14th century Byzantine church of Hagia Sofia overlooking the Black Sea.
• Arriving to Trabzon and overnight there.

Day 14: Fly to Istanbul

• Transfer to airport and fly to Istanbul

Some Questions

What should i do in turkey for 14 days.

If you have already visited Turkey and its top attractions in Istanbul, Cappadocia and Ephesus area, but would like to come again, we would strongly recommend you to explore Eastern Turkey. If you have 2 weeks for this trip, traveling from Adana to Trabzon, you can cover some of impressive places like Tarsus - birthplace of Paul, the Biblical city of Antioch, the oldest temple in the world - Gobekli Tepe, Biblical mountain of Ararat and the unique Sumela Monastery...

How much money would I need for 14 days in Turkey?

The budget you would need depends on the time of year, your sightseeing plans etc. Prices in Turkey are generally lower than in Wester countries, and Eastern Turkey is much cheaper than other parts of the country, as it is not very touristic.

Which is the best month to visit Turkey?

Summer can be very hot and winter very cold, rainy and snowy in Turkey. The best time to come would be March to May and September to November. Spring and autumn are pleasantly warm, room rates in hotels are average and sites are not too crowded.

The Best Turkey Travel Guide for You!

Our Turkey travel guides are locals who have very good knowledge not only about the sights in the area, but also about the history of Christianity. They are all fluent in English, and some of them guide also in other languages. Have the best experience in Turkey with our expert local guides...

Testimonials

My family and I visited turkey at the end of 2010..we were very impressed with our tour guides Mr Nizam Adsiz as as well as Mrs Aylin Sekban.. Both spoke good english and we managed to develop a friendship with both of them which made the tours more enjoyable. Will definitely be going back to Turkey.

We have just arrived from Turkey, we had an splendid adventure from Efesus to Capadoccia, visiting wonderful cities and archeological sites. Pamukkale, Afrodisias, Sagalassos….Konya, everything was wonderful Ertunga, Blüent and Mustafa made our journey fantastic.

Maria Graciela G-Mexico City, Meksika

Ertunga is a great guide, super friendly, very big knowledge of the area and very pleasant to be around. He arrived with a driver and a Mercedes van, good space for the 3 of us. He made the tour as we went along, so we did see exactly what we wanted, and as our son is only 4 years old, we did have to speed up some places. All made possible by Ertunga, though I am sure he could tell much more in each place, since his knowledge seems extreme. Be sure to book with Ertunga.

Amazing guide with a lot of patience and a wealth of information about every sight we visited. Would definately recommend him highly for a smaller or a larger group.

Turkey wouldn’t be the same without Ertunga…he treated us just like family and was the best private tour I could ever have !!!

We are Recommended on Tripadvisor

Göbeklitepe: zero point in time.

Mysteries of Gobeklitepe

Why a Private Tour? Why Felicity Travel?

• Private tours are tailor made to your interests, so you have freedom to choose places to visit and places to skip. You decide when to start and when to finish your tour...
• When on a private tour, while visiting the sights you do not have to wait for a long time in lines to get tickets.
• Ertunga and Maria Ecir are both active tourist guides. This is a family business, so when you contact us to get information, you will get a reply from a local guide - person who knows how much is doable considering your time frame, who knows where to eat, what to skip, what is a must in a certain area...
• We have been working with one team of guides for years, and they are all very knowledgeable, reliable and fluent in 2 or more languages.

TURKEY TOUR VIDEOS

Turkey images, faq about our turkey tours.

Most of our Turkey tours are private. We do not have definite departure dates for any of our tours, as we usually customize tours depending on your requests in the inquiries. Of course, if you have a group – we can always arrange your tour in Turkey.

Depending on your itinerary, available time and distances between sights it can be ground transportations only, or combination of ground transportation and domestic flights.

Depending on the size of your group, we can use Mercedes Vito or Mercedes Sprinter. All our vehicles are new (model 2016 or newer), comfortable and air-conditioned. You can see our vehicles

It depends on your itinerary… If you plan to fly between areas, in each one you will have a local guide; in that way you can get the best experience in each area and also avoid some extra costs (hotel accommodation and domestic flights for guide). If you plan to have a ground transportation, you will have a same guide during entire trip (in some small places it is not possible to find a local guide) and that is something that some of our guests prefer…

Prices depend on the size of your group and services that are included. For example, some guests prefer to arrange accommodation on their own. The itineraries listed on our site are there just to give you idea about how much you can see during your trip. Depending on your specific ideas and thoughts, we customise your trip and send you price offer…

Once we receive an inquiry, we can send you itinerary option with price in 24 hours, as latest. Afterwards, depending on your ideas and suggestions we can change some details until we have the options that you want to book.

You can pay via bank transfer, credit card or cash. We also accept PayPal / Payoneer deposit payments. You should pay 20% deposit when you decide to book; balance can be paid during your stay in Turkey.

Once you decide to book a tour with us, you should pay 20% deposit and it is refundable for 30 days from the date it is received. If you decide to cancel the trip afterwards, we will not be able to refund your deposit.

Please visit www.evisa.gov.tr to get all information and obtain electronic visa if necessary.

During your tour you will eat like a local. Local beer and wine are optional and at your own expense. We can arrange vegetarian, vegan and gluten-free meals if requested.

Normally it is 15 kg checked laggage and 8 kg in cabin, but for our guests we arrange eco flexible tickets so your baggage allowance would be 20 kg + 8 kg in cabin.

You are strongly advised to buy travel insurance before you arrive to Turkey. Our vehiches have full traffic insurance, but we can’t arrange your travel insurance. You can choose one of many travel insurance policies in your country…

• +90 312 473 99 00
• info[at]alserotours.com

Eastern Turkey tour itineray open the miystical door

Eastern Turkey Tours

Mount Ararat Climbing - 6 Days/5 Nights

Mesopotamian Civilizations Tour - 4 Days/3 Nights

Mardin – Göbeklitepe - Şanlıurfa Tour - 2 Days/1 Night

Göbeklitepe Tour Gaziantep to Urfa - 2 Days/1 Night

Stars of the East Ani - Göbeklitepe - Mount Nemrut - 10 Days/9 Nights

Meeting Organization in Turkey

Conferences, Incentive events Turkey

Eastern Anatolia Civilizations Tour 9 Days

Black Sea and Ani Ruins 8 Days7 Nights

Flying Explorer Turkey Tour itinerary 17 Days

Göbeklitepe - Urfa - Mardin Tour - 3 Days/2 Nights

Gobeklitepe, Mt. Nemrut , Perre, Zeugma Tour 3 Days /2 Nights

Eastern Turkey Tour 5 Days

Eastern Anatolian Grand Tour - 10 Days

Anatolia Tour South to North - 14 Days/13 Nights

Mysteries of Eastern Anatolia - 12 Days

Fast Lap of Turkey by Bus - 7 Days/6 Nights

Eternity Treasures of Mesopotamia - 5 Days/4 Nights

Eastern Anatolia Tour - 10 Days

Eastern anatolia turkey tour.

Eastern Turkey Tours have been provided by Alsero Tours since 1996 in the Eastern Part of Turkiye. Eastern Anatolia, located in eastern Turkey, is known for its rich history, diverse culture, and stunning natural landscapes. This region is less frequented by tourists than the more popular destinations in western Turkey, making it a unique and off-the-beaten-path travel experience. With Eastern Anatolia tours, you will witness the different cultures and contrasts of the Eastern and Western worlds.  The best of the Eastern Turkey Tour packages have been provided by Alsero Tours since 1996. Central Anatolia tours can be combined with Southeastern Anatolia tours and planned as a significant regional tour within the same program.

Eastern Turkey Tour Itinerary  6 Days - 14 Days

Eastern Turkey Tour itineraries could be four, six, or seven days. If we combine the Black Sea and South Eastern Turkey region, the Eastern Turkey Tour itinerary should be more than eight days. 

Eastern Anatolia Attractions

Turkish hospitality is felt better in Eastern Anatolia touristic places, where life flows more slowly, such as Van, Doğu Beyazit, Kars, Erzurum, Tunceli, Artvin, and Hakkari. The Eastern Anatolia tour is from Ankara or Istanbul and covers most of the places to visit in Eastern Anatolia.  The Eastern Anatolia tour mainly covers eastern Turkey's popular historical places and natural beauty destinations. This tour is valid for private and small group tours. It is home to Eastern Turkey Tours and some of the most important archaeological sites found anywhere in the World. Istanbul, Cappadocia, Mount Nemrut, Van, Doğu Beyazıt, Kars, Ani Ruins tour package is the most suitable tour program to explore Central Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and Eastern Anatolia.

Eastern Anatolia Tour Highlights

Mount Ararat is Turkey's highest peak and an important cultural and religious symbol. It's a popular destination for trekking and climbing, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding area.

Van : This city is famous for its stunning Lake Van, the largest lake in Turkey. You can visit the historic Van Castle, explore Akdamar Island and its Church of the Holy Cross, and enjoy the local cuisine.

Tatvan and Bitlis Ahlat: These towns are located along Lake Van and offer a quieter and more authentic experience than larger cities. You can explore local markets and historic sites and enjoy the area's natural beauty.

Dogu Beyazit Ishak Pasha Palace : The İshak Pasha Palace (Turkish: İshak Paşa Sarayı) is an exquisite historical palace located near the town of Doğubeyazıt in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is renowned for its impressive architecture, historical significance, and stunning views of the surrounding landscape, including the majestic Mount Ararat.

Kars : A city with a mix of Turkish, Armenian, and Russian influences, Kars is home to a medieval castle, a historical Russian church, and the fascinating ruins of the ancient city of Ani.

Ani Ruins : Known as the "City of a Thousand and One Churches," Ani is an ancient Armenian city with impressive ruins, churches, and citadels. It's a UNESCO World Heritage Site and offers a glimpse into the region's history.

Erzurum: Known for its beautiful architecture, Erzurum features the Çifte Minareli Medrese (Double Minaret Madrasa) and the Erzurum Castle. It's also a great place to experience traditional Turkish culture. Eastern Turkey Tours Gobeklitepe: Although Gobeklitepe is in the Southeast Anatolia region, it is sometimes sought after by tourists as Eastern Turkey tours, and this 12,000-year-old temple can be combined into the Eastern Turkey itinerary.

Cuisine : Eastern Anatolia is known for its unique and flavorful cuisine, influenced by Turkish and Kurdish traditions. Be sure to try dishes like kadayıf dolma, kuymak, and various kebabs.

When planning an Eastern Anatolia tour , remember that the region is less developed for tourism than Western Turkey, so it's essential to do thorough research and plan your trip accordingly. Additionally, cultural sensitivity is essential due to the diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds of the region's inhabitants. It's recommended to work with local tour operators or guides who are familiar with the area. 6-day Eastern Anatolia itinerary is an ideal Eastern Anatolia tour.

  Frequently asking questions   F.A.Q.

- How often are Eastern Anatolia tours conducted throughout the year?

Eastern Anatolia tours are typically offered year-round, but the frequency can vary. Peak tourist seasons, such as spring and autumn, often see more frequent tours, while winter might have fewer options due to weather conditions.

- What is the typical duration of an Eastern Anatolia tour?

The duration of an Eastern Anatolia tour usually ranges from 7 to 10 days. This allows ample time to explore the diverse cultural and natural attractions of the region.

- Are there any seasonal variations in the Eastern Anatolia tour availability?

Yes, there are seasonal variations. Tours are more readily available in the spring (April to June) and fall (September to October) when the weather is milder and outdoor activities are more enjoyable. Winter tours (December to February) might be limited due to snow and cold temperatures. Eastern Anatolia Turkey tour season, which includes a visit to Mount Nemrut, is between April 15 and November 30.

How frequently do Eastern Anatolia tours include visits to cultural sites and historical landmarks?

Cultural site visits are a significant part of Eastern Anatolia tours. Most tours include regular stops at historical landmarks, ancient ruins, and cultural centers to provide a comprehensive experience of the region's rich history and heritage.

 - What is the average group size for an Eastern Anatolia tour, and how often do tours reach maximum capacity?

The average group size for Eastern Anatolia tours tends to be around 10 to 14 people, allowing for a more personalized experience. While tours can vary, reaching maximum capacity is less common due to the focus on maintaining a comfortable and immersive travel experience. However, during peak seasons, some popular tours might approach their maximum capacity. Private tours do not have a person limit, between 1 and 40 people can join the tour.

- What are the prominent visits and experiences in the Eastern Anatolia Turkey tour?

 You can experience the following wonderful experiences on the Eastern Anatolia Turkey tour - Diverse Landscapes - Mount Ararat - Ishak Pasha Palace - Akdamar Church -Van Lake and Tuspa Castle - Ani Ruins - Kars and Erzurum - Rich Cultural Heritage - Local Cuisine - Historic Landmarks - Off-the-Beaten-Path Adventure

Shall we call you?

In Pictures: Twelve Places to Visit in Eastern Turkey

by Mark | January 22, 2016 | Off the Beaten Path , Photo Essay , Turkey | 15 comments

Photographs that will make you want to visit Eastern Turkey

Eastern Turkey is an underrated destination that never seems to have any luck when it comes to increasing the number of overseas tourists. Plagued by internal conflict between the Turkish Government and the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) that has been ongoing since the mid-1980s, the region and its population now have Islamic State, the war in Syria and conflict in Iraq to contend with as well.

It’s a massive shame – spectacular landscapes, some seriously impressive sights and the warmth and hospitality of the local population (mainly Kurds) combined with good infrastructure make the region perfect for the adventurous traveller. Here are twelve places you should visit in Eastern Turkey that we very much enjoyed during our time in Turkey’s wild east.

Ahlat, Lake Van

The main reason to visit this small town on the northern shores of Lake Van is to see the splendid Seljuk graveyard and tombstones. Battered over the centuries by the elements, the tombstones are nowadays set at all sorts of strange angles. A series of paths lead through the graveyard, making it easy to navigate but be careful where you tread as it’s not uncommon to see wild tortoises meandering from one tomb to the next.

Above: The Seljuk cemetery in Ahlat, with Bayındır Tomb (bottom left)

Akdamar Island, Lake Van

Along with Mount Ararat, the Armenian Church of the Holy Cross on Akdamar Island is Kurdistan’s most renowned attraction. Accessible only by boat, the church itself is a classic example of Armenian architecture and the 360-degree views of the lake and the surrounding mountains are breathtaking beyond compare.

Above: Akdamar Island on Lake Van

Malatya is the apricot capital of Turkey and after the harvest in late June, the city is awash with this sweet-smelling produce. It is impossible to walk through the city’s colourful market and not be offered handful after handful of these yummy orange-coloured fruits by friendly locals.

Above: local market in Malatya

Dogubayazit

The scruffy border town of Dogubayazit has a strong Kurdish heritage and is located in one of the most dramatic settings in all Turkey. To the east enigmatic Mount Ararat looms over the town, occasionally poking its head out above the clouds to offer a tantalising view of its snowcapped peak. Southeast of the town, reached by a seemingly never-ending series of switchbacks, is the gloriously located Ishak Pasa Palace. A stunning fortress, palace and mosque all rolled into one, the vistas from the ridge just above the structure are a feast for the eyes and worth the effort of the climb.

Above: Dogubayazit with the Beyazıt Mosque (top), Mount Ararat (middle left) and ishak Pasa Palace (below)

Bitlis (near Lake Van)

15km inland from the west coast of Lake Van, work-a-day Bitlis doesn’t see many tourists, yet it has one of eastern Anatolia’s highest concentrations of restored historical buildings including a huge castle that is visible from almost anywhere in the town and the important Ihlasiye Madrasa (Islamic school) which dates back to the 13th century.

Above: Bitlis

Cavustepe (near Van)

Situated on the road from Van to Hakkari, the hilltop ruined palace at Cavustepe was once home to the mighty kings of Urartu. There isn’t a great deal to see at Cavustepe these days but the panoramic views in all directions make a visit worthwhile.

Above: Cavustepe with the Upper Castle (top)

The ancient city of Ani

On a ravine overlooking the Akhurian River and modern-day Armenia, the medieval city of Ani is one of Turkey’s must-see archaeological sites. The isolation and beauty of its setting alone are worth the one-hour drive from nearby Kars but add remnants of once-mighty stone buildings, including churches, bridges and even shops, and you begin to understand why this sublime place is often referred to as the Ancient Ghost city of Ani .

Above: Ani with the Church of St Gregory (top), city walls (middle, left) and Menucer Camii (mosque) (middle, right)

Recently awarded UNESCO World Heritage status (for its Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape), the crossroads city of Diyarbakir is the cultural heartland of Kurdish identity. The city’s sights are interesting but not mind-blowing. What really makes Diyarbakir so special are the Kurds themselves. Proud of their heritage, courteous and friendly, the people of Diyarbakir will go out of their way to ensure you have a warm welcome in their city.

Above: Diyarbakir with Hevsel Gardens (top), Ulu Camii (Great Mosque) (middle, left), St. Giragos Armenian Church (middle, right) and the Old City (bottom)

With its location on the mighty Tigris River, Hasankeyf is an extremely picturesque town. This may not be the case for much longer though as the Turkish Government is building a controversial hydroelectric dam that could see the town disappear under the water in the not so distant future. For the time being, however, Hasankeyf, with its honey-coloured buildings, ancient mausoleums, and superb riverside setting, is an absolute gem and yet another destination that should not be missed.

Update April 2020 According to articles such as this article in The Guardian , as well as Wikipedia , the old city of Hasankeyf is now almost completely underwater. Only a few of the historical monuments have been rescued and moved to safer ground and local and international opposition has fallen on deaf ears. Sadly, it is probably not worth visiting Hasankeyf any longer but if you do, please let us know what you find by commenting below.

Above: Hasankeyf with Hasankeyf Castle (top and bottom, left), Zeynel Bey Mausoleum (bottom, middle) and Er-Rizk Camii (mosque) (bottom, left)

Hosap (near Van)

Without question, the superbly located castle at Hosap is one of the most impressive fortresses in Kurdistan. Dominating the tiny town of the same name, the castle’s medieval defensive walls are enormous and have no doubt repelled many a battle-hardened invader over the centuries.

Above: Hosap Castle 

The setting for Snow (Kar in Turkish), the acclaimed novel by Turkish writer Orhan Pamuk, Kars is an engaging city with a distinctive feel. A Russian outpost for decades during the latter part of the 19th century, many of the elegant buildings that line the city’s boulevards today still hark back to that period whilst Kars Castle dates back to 1153 and presents commanding views of the city below. Compact and easy to navigate, Kars is not just a jumping-off point for the ancient city of Ani; it is a destination in its own right and worth half a day or so of exploration.

Above: Kars with Kars Castle (top) and Russian-era architecture (middle)

Southeast of Diyarbakir and close to the Syrian border, Mardin’s network of winding backstreets, Arabic influences and mesmerising views across the Mesopotamian plains are but a few of the rewards awaiting the intrepid visitor who makes it this far into Kurdistan. Off-limits during much of the 1990s due to the ongoing conflict between the Turkish Government and the PKK, Mardin and the surrounding region can be visited again although the town’s proximity to the Syrian border may once more place its status as a top tourist destination in jeopardy (*).

(*) We visited in July 2015 without incident but the situation on the Turkish/Syrian border is extremely volatile and it is advisable to check the latest FCO Advice and forums such as Lonely Planet’s Thorntree  for recent reports from travellers and locals before venturing this far south.

Above: Mardin with Ulu Camii (mosque) (middle, left) and Kiz Meslek Lisesi (below)

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15 Comments

Have always wanted to go to Eastern Turkey – like most people the furthest East I’ve been is Cappadocia – and this post has certainly made me want to go even more. Some great photos and a very informative read – thanks for sharing!

Hi Joe, thanks for your comment and I am glad you enjoyed the post. As you can see, we really enjoyed Eastern Turkey and encountered no issues whatsoever but things seem to be taking a turn for the worst once more so please keep an eye on the FCO Advice.

Great photos. You have really peaked my interest in returning to Turkey.

Good stuff but don’t forget about Central Asia. The more I read, the more I am looking forward to our visit!

Wow, fabulous, I never thought such fabulous places existed in Eastern Turkey. I’d love to see – but that’s not going to happen anytime soon with all that’s going on in the region. You see the above and you realize what a damn shame it all is.

Great post.

Frank (bbqboy)

Thanks Frank. Yep, there is lots to see and do in Eastern Turkey. Our timing was OK when we visited – destinations really close to the Syrian border were of limits as were those close to the Iraqi border as well but we felt vey safe during our time in the region. As you point out, it’s a real shame the area is so volatile as it deserves to see way more tourists than it actually does. The coast is also a superb part of Turkey, especially if you like your ruins. I aim to write about the region when I get a minute. Where does all the time go!!

These places must be visited. Everything is so ancient and mysterious.

Thanks for sharing these photos and these areas of Turkey. In particular, Ani and Lake Van. THese are important areas of historical Armenia. My family comes from this area.

There are indeed. I can understand why places close to the Syrian and Iraqi borders see few visitors but it perplexes me why Ani isn’t as busy as say Angkor or Bagan for example – the site is truly world-class in my opinion.

Great site. Thanks. Has really whet my appetite to include more of Eastern Turkey in a trip being planned. Just a minor point. I think you mean west coast of Lake Van re placement of Bitlis. I think that’s right even though Google has about three different spots for Bitlis!

Thank you Robert and also thanks for pointing out my error re Bitlis. You are right, it is west of Lake Van and I’ve updated the post accordingly. We are massive fans of Turkey and have seen it extensively now but the east is still the most captivating bit for us personally and you rarely see another tourist there, which is another bonus on top of all the other positives about the region!

Well, we have a few things in common. Turkey was my second overseas motorcycle trip. I’ve since been soaked in lots to do with Ottoman history. That, of course, brings in Eastern Turkey and (tragically) Greater Armenia. Looking forward to visiting next year. You might like to have a look at this page http://www.motorcyclemeanders.com/turkey_14.html

Your post (and photos) bring back some happy memories. We covered the first pat of your trip before then heading east! We recently (2018) when from Batumi to Istanbul via the Black Sea coast and although that part of Turkey isn’t as interesting for us personally as the east, I must say we were blown away by Ankara (it was our first visit), which we also included as part of that trip. It’s an amazing city and well worth including on your agenda if you can!

Hi where can I obtain a detailed ‘paper’ map of this region?

Please let me know. Thank you.

Don’t know the answer to this question. May be search eBay to see if anything comes up?

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Beyond Wild Places

Your guide to the wilder side of life

Everything You Need to Know About Travelling in Eastern Turkey

Eastern Turkey is a somewhat unknown mystery for travellers. Istanbul’s minarets, Cappadocia’s rock formations and the blue water of the Mediterranean coastline, is the Turkey most people know, with the Far East of the country seeming like a vast no man’s land between continents. However, this is far from true.

From the plains of Mesopotamia to the rolling hills dotted with archaeological sites to the country’s largest lake and the Black Sea coast, Eastern Turkey has so much to offer the curious and the intrepid. If you’re interested in heading beyond Cappadocia and travelling in Eastern Turkey, then I have compiled a detailed guide here for all the practical information you need to know.

From the security and political situation to female travellers and border crossings, I have covered what you need to know before you go to Eastern Turkey, to unveil some of the mystery surrounding this less-visited part of the country.

Disclaimer:  This post contains affiliate links which means I get a commission if you buy a product through my link at no extra cost to you. By doing so, I can keep this blog going and continue to create helpful guides for you. Read more:  Privacy Policy

When to go to Eastern Turkey

The best time to visit Eastern Turkey is in  spring  or  autumn  which avoids the extreme weather conditions in summer and winter. However, summer is a popular time to visit the Black Sea coast area and so if you’re looking for lively activity then summer is your best bet. However, to avoid the crowds of Turkish holiday goers then I would recommend spring or autumn. 

I visited in October and the weather was perfect, with blue skies every day and mid-range temperatures. It was also relatively quiet in terms of tourists, although this part of Turkey is generally quiet anytime of year compared to the country’s west.

Best places to visit in Eastern Turkey

Turkey is a huge country and you could literally spend months exploring it. Even breaking it down to the eastern half of the country still leaves a huge chunk of land to traverse. Eastern Turkey also has a heap of sights to see and so, unless you have unlimited time, it would be difficult to cover everything.

So here’s my list of must-see places to travel to in Eastern Turkey:

• Mardin: The old hilltop town close to the border of Syria, is home to some ancient mosques and churches and built in honey-coloured stone bricks. Read more about Mardin here .
• Diyarbakir: The Kurdish capital of Southeastern Turkey, Diyarbakir is a lively city with an incredibly fun bazaar area and friendly people.
• Mount Nemrut: One of the most incredible archaeological sites in Turkey, the severed stone heads lie scattered on the top of Mt Nemrut standing high above the Southeastern Turkey plains. Read more about Mount Nemrut here .
• Sanliurfa: A holy and historically important town, Urfa is where you’ll find Abraham’s Cave and the incredible archaeological site of Gobekli Tepe not far away. Read more about Sanliurfa here .
• Van: The youthful Kurdish city on Lake Van, with a few popular sites including Akdamar Island and the Van Castle. Read more about Van here .
• Dogubayazit: A remote town that is well-known for being home to Ishak Pasa Palace and Mount Ararat. Read more about Dogubayazit here .
• Ani: The former Armenian capital which lies in ruin near the border, not far from Kars in Eastern Turkey is a fascinating and unique place to visit. Read more about Ani here .
• Trabzon: The largest resort city on Turkey’s Black Sea Coast, Trabzon is a popular summer vacation spot with some beautiful scenery.
• Sumela Monastery: A side trip from Trabzon, Sumela Monastery is a Greek Orthodox monastery built into the side of a mountain and an incredible sight.

Read next: The Ultimate Eastern Turkey Itinerary

Safety in Eastern Turkey

Turkey is generally safe, however, incidences do occur although the likelihood is small. In Eastern Turkey there have been concerns with ISIS along the border region with Syria and it had been considered dangerous in the past. However, currently the situation in that area is relatively stable for those travelling through and even in places like Mardin and Urfa (which are within close proximity to Syria), you shouldn’t have any problems. The area is very militarised because of the conflict across the border so don’t be alarmed by the number of passport checks on the roads as that’s been relatively normal now for years.

The main security threat that foreign governments warn their citizens about in Eastern Turkey is the ongoing struggle with the PKK (Kurdistan’s Workers Party). For decades now the PKK has been fighting for greater autonomy and ultimately wants independence for the Kurdish people. Most Western governments consider them a terrorist organisation and violent clashes do occur between the PKK and Turkish forces. However, mostly, this happens far from any tourist area and never targets foreigners, so you shouldn’t necessarily let it affect your travel plans.

If you check your government’s travel warnings, they’ll likely warn against travel to places like Diyarbakir, which has long been the PKK stronghold and the capital of Kurdish territory in Turkey. However, the city is actually a lively place to explore and I spent five days there without any sign of trouble and would highly recommend you visit for a day or two to see the city. Fighting has occurred there in the past, usually during election times or on important historical or political days, however, at present I would say any warnings against travelling there would be more politically motivated than based on facts.

Female travellers in Eastern Turkey

Some solo female travellers have had some bad experiences in Turkey, however, I’ve now spent two months over two different trips and I can say that I never have. It mostly comes down to how you dress as a female and dressing relatively conservatively can ward off most unwanted comments and attention.

However, I find Turkish people some of the nicest I’ve met on my travels. Most people will try to help you, especially if you’re alone. It still pays to be stern and ooze self confidence (even if you have to fake it on occasion), as younger guys may take advantage by making sexual comments, although this is similar to many other countries and not unique to Turkey.

In some rural or more conservative areas, solo female travel is still a bit of an anomaly and you may get some curious stares or questions, but generally they will just be intrigued rather than possess any sort of ulterior motive.

Politics in Eastern Turkey

Politics is a complicated affair in Turkey, especially in Eastern Turkey where a cultural and ethnic mix of people reside. The  Kurdish population  is perhaps the most complicated political issue in Eastern Turkey as majority of Southeastern Turkey is made up of Kurdish people who have long sort independence. 

Turkish Kurdistan is referred to by Kurds as the northern part of Greater Kurdistan and has historically included basically the southern half of eastern Turkey, where at least 50% of the population in each province are Kurdish. There have been clashes between Turks and Kurds throughout history, including Kurdish uprisings in the early twentieth century which were met with harsh repression and an almost blanket ban on the expression of Kurdish culture. 

A Kurdish political party known as the  PKK (Kurdistan Workers Party) , founded in 1978, resorted to guerrilla warfare and a brutal conflict took place between the Turkish government and the PKK from 1984 into the 1990s until the leader of the PKK was captured in 1999. It’s estimated that over 30, 000 people died during that time. Technically the conflict has not ended with the last ceasefire breaking down in 2015 with the PKK declaring that they will continue to fight against the Turkish government.

The PKK have at some point or another been supported by Iran, Iraq, Russia and Syria, although they also have a large support base from the Kurdish communities across the world. Most Western countries have declared them a terrorist organisation with hefty bounties for the main leaders. This has led to Eastern Turkey being sometimes declared ‘unsafe’ for travel, however, tourists have hardly if ever been targeted.

Some consider the Turkish government to be autocratic and freedom of speech is actually severely restricted in the country with a heavy censorship of media and news. It is worth noting that criticising the government or the Turkish nation in general is considered a serious crime and can result in imprisonment even for foreigners. So be aware of what you say to people you don’t know, especially on the internet, which is heavily monitored.

Turkey is a Muslim-majority country with official statistics declaring 98% of the population follow  Islam . How strict or conservative people are mostly depends on where you are visiting but generally people are accepting of other religions and do not expect foreigners to abide by any strict religious standards.

Saying that, I would always dress relatively conservatively as a female in most, if not all, places in Turkey, and especially eastern Turkey where there are much less tourists. I always had my legs covered with a long skirt or pants, but a t-shirt is acceptable.

You will notice around half of women wear a headscarf as a generalisation, likely more in rural areas. However, there is no expectation for foreigners to wear one, unless entering a mosque.

Visas for Turkey

Many European nationals, British, American and Australian passport holders require a visa to enter Turkey. Otherwise, some European countries along with New Zealand, Japanese and Korean nationals do not need a visa for up to 90 days. Check the most up to date information on the Turkish visa website  here .

The easiest way to obtain a visa is through the e-visa platform  here . There are different rules, costs and validities for different nationalities. Australians can get a multiple entry visa, valid for six months with a maximum stay of 90 days through the e-visa platform for USD$60. It’s paid online with a credit card and is approved almost instantly. Then, you can download the visa onto your device.

You can also get a visa on arrival. However, these are generally more expensive now as they’re trying to encourage everyone to use this  e-visa platform . 

International borders with Eastern Turkey

Eastern Turkey has borders with  Syria, Iraqi Kurdistan, Iran, Armenia  and  Georgia . Currently, the Syrian border is closed for tourists due to the conflict and the Armenian border has been permanently closed since Armenia became independent in 1991. 

The  Iraqi Kurdistan border is open  and I crossed into Turkey from there. You can read my border report for the Iraqi Kurdistan-Turkey border  here . 

The  Iranian border is popular  amongst overland travellers and it’s relatively easy to cross in either direction with a good transport network. There are daily buses between Van and Dogubayazit in Turkey and Tabriz and Tehran in Iran, as well as longer buses, even all the way to/from Istanbul.

The  Georgian border is the easiest  to cross in Eastern Turkey and you can either cross from Trabzon or lower down from Kars. There are buses from Trabzon to Batumi and Kars to Tbilisi, with the latter only operating every few days as it’s less popular. I took the bus from Kars to Tbilisi and you can read about it  here . Otherwise, taking a bus from Trabzon is much more common and there are daily services to Batumi in Georgia.

Money and budget

Turkey’s currency is the Turkish  Lira . 

In terms of budget I would say that Eastern Turkey is slightly more expensive than the west for budget travellers mostly owing to the lack of budget accommodation and hostels. I stayed in hotels and guesthouses which were actually all pretty good value considering I tended to go with the cheapest one I could find on  Booking.com .

Still, I would say to allow up to AUD$50 per day for everything, although around AUD$35-40 would be more accurate, with half often being for accommodation.

At a restaurant I was paying between 20-30 TL or AUD$5-7, otherwise you can get a kebab or pita for less than half that at a cheap takeaway place.

Read next: 25 Tips for Travelling on a Budget

The national language in Turkey is  Turkish , although in Eastern Turkey you will likely hear a lot of  Kurdish  and it’s dialects, as much of southeastern Turkey is inhabited by a majority Kurdish population. It was previously banned under Turkish law to speak Kurdish or any other language until the 1990s, and even today there are significant linguistic divisions and conflicts when it comes to the education system, where Turkish is still considered the main and most important language. 

It’s worth learning some basic words in Turkish as English is not that widely or well spoken in Eastern Turkey. Even some of the young people are shy to use English at all, but generally, staff in hotels will speak some, if not a lot.

Internet and WiFi

Wi-Fi  is practically available in all hotels and guesthouses across the region. 

Turkey leads the world in social media censorship and the government has also, on occasions, blocked Facebook and YouTube temporarily. Many locals use a VPN to get around this and if you’re concerned about censorships or privacy then I would also opt for a VPN in Turkey. 

Using a  VPN  means you basically divert your internet traffic through a server that is in another country, which allows you to get around blockages and censorships. I went with ExpressVPN, which seems to be the most popular option. It’s one of the safest companies without slowing down speed and it’s reasonably priced compared to many others. It works on all devices and they have plans ranging from 1 month to 12 months.

It’s quite easy to get a SIM card with data in Turkey as a foreigner. I recommend  Turkcell  which is the largest provider and it works pretty much everywhere. For foreigners, they offer 20GB, 1000 SMS, 200mins calls for 120TL, which is quite expensive. 

I went to a Turkcell office in Midyat and the young girl set it up for me and I got a smaller package with 10GB for around 80TL (AUD$20). Apparently they are not supposed to do that and if you’re in Istanbul or Ankara then they will likely only offer you the 120TL package. It’s certainly a painless exercise with your passport as ID, just a bit on the pricey side.

Transport in Eastern Turkey

Turkey’s  bus  network is one of the most impressive and efficient I’ve used in the Middle East and Asia. You have the choice between nice coaches with large seats, snacks, tea and water, Wi-Fi and personal entertainment screens and dolmus’ which are basically your everyday white minivan that leave when full. Either way, it’s an extremely easy place to travel and doesn’t even require much planning, as each time I just arrived at the station and bought my ticket on the spot. 

The large coaches run to a timetable which you can ask for at any of the counters at the bus stations. They are usually very organised with touts floating around so it doesn’t take long for you to find the company you need. For popular routes between larger cities it’s worth shopping around for times and prices as there will often be many buses running the same roads. 

If the schedule of the larger buses don’t suit you or you want to opt for the cheapest option, then there’s usually always dolmus’ running, although it may require multiple changes if it’s long distances. For example, from Diyarbakir to Kahta there is only one direct bus per day at 2.30pm which costs 45TL. Whereas, you can also take a dolmus from Diyarbakir to Siverek and then change to another dolmus on to Kahta and it will cost 30TL in total and they leave when full.

Food and drink

Tap water is safe and drinkable.  I didn’t have any problems with it and I drank it for weeks whilst there.

Food is largely standard Turkish offerings. Meat and bread make up a large part of meals, with shaved meat off a doner kebab (meat cooked on a vertical rotisserie) being the most popular option. There’s also a lot of eggplant and potato dishes on offer, although most will have meat in some form. Stuffed eggplant (below) is common in local restaurants and is probably my favourite meal I had. 

A basic salad of cucumber and tomato is generally always offered or served with any sit down meal too.

For gluten free travellers you’re going to have a hell of a time. Turkey is probably the hardest country for me to travel in when it comes to food for this reason, because even their rice is served with small pasta in it and it’s near impossible to find it without. My best options were the stuffed eggplant or any dish with eggplant and potato as well as lentil soup which can be found at many restaurants.

Accommodation in Eastern Turkey

As I said above, budget accommodation in the form of hostels has not reached Eastern Turkey as yet, with the exception of Van Backpackers Hostel, which is the only hostel in Eastern Turkey.

Otherwise, guesthouses and hotels are your only options and a quick search on  Booking.com reveals they are not that cheap but the standard is generally pretty good. Most places include breakfast in their price and private bathrooms are pretty common too.

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Eastern Turkey Small Group Tours

Uncover new and exciting adventures in Eastern Turkey by taking part in our small group tours. Go sightseeing at your own pace surrounded by travellers like you. Provided by top tour operators & travel companies, our small group tours in Eastern Turkey will offer you the perfect balance between spending time on your own and group activities. View all small group tours .

15 Eastern Turkey small group tours with 19 reviews

• In-depth Cultural

5 Days Cappadocia - Mt Nemrut - Gobeklitepe - Gaziantep Tour from Istanbul

All of the arrangements were made as described in the itinerary. No issues with transfers, flights or hotel arrangements. My guide, Done Mesci, spoke good English, was very knowledgeable and just a lovely person. The restaurants were thoughtfully selected and allowed for sampling of local cuisine. The itinerary interesting with not too much driving which suited me well. Mr. Mehmet was very responsive. Overall very well planned - highly recommend.

• €100 deposit on some dates Some departure dates offer you the chance to book this tour with a lower deposit.

8 Days Istanbul - Cappadocia - Mt Nemrut - Gobeklitepe - Mardin Tour

Very accommodating to our group's request for tours.

MAGICAL MESOPOTAMIA Göbeklitepe Antep Mardin Diyarbakır Şanlıurfa group tour

Enjoy Blacksea Tour

Veysel is a great guide and friend. He is organised and knowledgeable. Safe driver too. I had wonderful three days because of him.

• Christmas & New Year

Rize Trabzon 4 Nights 5 Days private north tour with bungalow accommodation

We liked how easy going the itinerary was as we were on a different tour prior to this and it was just nonstop go go go. That said, there was a lot of down time to rest & recover so I think 3 nights vs 4 would’ve sufficed. Nonetheless our experience was good. The customer service was super responsive and reliable. Our driver made us feel safe and comfortable given the roads were narrow and slippery from the rain. Our tour guide was very warm and welcoming and took her time to show us around. The accommodation was superb. The host made us wonderful breakfast and the view was to die for. I would recommend anyone planning to visit Rize/Trabzon to book with this tour.

• Hiking & Trekking

KACKAR SUMMIT TRANS

It was a track with a very beautiful nature view and I enjoyed it very much.

Private Eastern Turkey In a Week Tour, 8 Days.

Private Mount Nemrut & Gobeklitepe Tour from Istanbul

TREKKING IN KARCAL MOUNTAINS

Mystical Mesopotamia 9 Days of Discovery in Southeastern Turkey

9 Day Private Tour of Turkey, Black Sea Dream, Magic of Mesopotamia (Rize, Artvin, Mardin, Göbeklitepe)

Rize Trabzon 3 Nights 4 Days private northern tour with bungalow accommodation

BLACK SEA DREAM 5 DAYS Rize Artvin with Group Tour

6 Days Cappadocia - Mt Nemrut - Gobeklitepe - Mardin Tour from Istanbul

• Intl. Flights Included

Original Eastern Anatolia - The Cradle of Mankind

• Flights included

• Destinations
• Blue Cruise
• Plan My Trip

Eastern Anatolia

Best Time to Visit May-November

Population 5,966.101

Countries Nearby Iran Iraq

Best Places to Visit Kars Agri

Turkey creates an intersection of the Eastern and Western worlds, beautifully meshing the two. Its location and rich history make it an incredible place to visit.

One fantastic region to explore in this part of the world is Eastern Anatolia! This largest region of Turkey offers so much for the curious traveler!

If you want to visit a country rich with culture and emprinted with history, visit Anatolia, Turkey! The geography, landmarks, and culture of this region make it a fantastic world destination that no traveler should overlook!

Planning a trip to Eastern Turkey? Answer this trip planner and get your FREE quotation within 24 hours.

The provinces that make up this region include Erzurum, Kars, Agri, Van, Elazig, Erzincan, Malatya, Tunceli, Bingol, Mus, Hakkari, Igdir, Ardahan and Bitlis.

The landscape changes drastically across the region. To the north, the highlands make up Turkey’s Siberia, while the south consists of mountain ranges extending into Iraq. In the west, you can find fertile lands in the valleys and near the rivers, while wilderness stretches across the East.

Naturalists and thrill-seekers may seek a vacation here for the geography. Extinct volcanoes and slopes covered in snow for skiing span the region.

In this region of Turkey, you will find important landmarks that highlight the richness of this land. Learn about the rivers that continue to shape the way of life for many people of this region and historical sites that tell you about its upbringing.

The Tigris River (Dicle)

The Tigris, one of Turkey’s largest rivers, rushes through this part of the Anatolia region, bordering Mesopotamia. Since ancient times, this river served as a prominent source of power, irrigation, and navigation.

This river’s banks and waters house a brilliant array of wildlife. Onshore live wolves, foxes, and even tigers, along with an amazing assortment of flora. In the waters, live animals like river otters, Ganges sharks, and carp.

In Kars, near the border of Armenia, you will find the medieval walled city of Ani. This ghost town flourished about 1,600 years ago, as a trading center.

You can explore the ruins, bridges, and some of the five thousand churches still standing. Your scenic drive will stun you with incredible mountain views then take your breath away as you approach the gorge this city sits on the edge of.

Mount Ararat

Explore Turkey’s highest peak for an invigorating hike and gorgeous views. You may also want to stand on this dormant volcano that Noah landed his ark on in the biblical story of the great flood.

You do need special permission to hike Mount Ararat. Contact us to book a hiking tour and we will be more than happy to assist you with the planning process.

Since harsh winters hit the region, they mostly depend on animal husbandry economically. So, in much of this region, you will find many shepherds. Along the Tigris and Euphrates, you will also find charming fishing villages.

This region’s people come from a variety of ethnic backgrounds, including Turkish, Kurdish, Armenian, Greek, Arab, and Laz. Many of these languages are spoken in this area, and you will see a mesh of influences in everything from music to cuisine.

Plan Your Trip to Eastern Turkey!

Traveling across Turkey offers an incredibly diverse set of experiences as the landscape and culture continuously change. Many travelers overlook the region of Eastern Anatolia, as it does not provide vacation in the traditional sense.

This area offers adventure, history, and a silent beauty you will find in only a few places worldwide. Please do not pass it up.

As Made in Turkey Tours, we do offer unique travel experiences throughout the country. If you are planning a visit to this part of the world soon, learn more about Turkey on our website before arrival!

Eastern Turkey Tours

The Hidden Gems of Southeastern Turkey

The Pearls of the Black Sea & Eastern Turkey

Grand Turkey Tour

The Perfect Sunrise Tour at Mount Nemrut

Majestic Sunset Tour at Mount Nemrut

Where to visit.

This part of the country is full of history from the capital of Urartians to some of the masterpieces dated back to Seljuk Turks. Check these places to visit in Eastern Turkey, which can be well connected with some of the jewels of the Black Sea Region.

Dogubeyazit

Would like to join the other happy travelers?

Eastern Turkey 12-Day Sightseeing Tour from Trabzon

• All Fees and Taxes
• Includes:Two domestic flights,All state and local taxes,breakfasts,dinners,all museum site entries
• Air-conditioned vehicle
• Entry/Admission - Trabzon Hagia Sophia Museum
• Entry/Admission - Sumela Monastery
• Entry/Admission - Altindere Vadisi National Park
• Entry/Admission - Ishan Church
• Entry/Admission - Yakutiye Medresesi
• Entry/Admission - Ani Antik Kenti
• Entry/Admission - Ani Cathedral
• Entry/Admission - Ishak Pasha Palace
• Entry/Admission - Akdamar Island
• Entry/Admission - Hosap Castle (Hosap Kalesi)
• Entry/Admission - Van Castle (Van Kalesi)
• Entry/Admission - Ancient Urartian site of Cavustepe (Sardurihinilli)
• Entry/Admission - Hasankeyf
• Entry/Admission - Deyrulzafaran Monastery
• Entry/Admission - Mount Nemrut
• Entry/Admission - Potbelly Hill
• Entry/Admission - Sanliurfa Archeology and Mosaic Museum
• Entry/Admission - Zeugma Mosaic Museum
• Alcoholic Beverages
• We pick up all the travellers from Trabzon Aiport
• Trabzon Airport, Trabzon, Ortahisar Turkiye
• Not wheelchair accessible
• Stroller accessible
• Near public transportation
• Infants must sit on laps
• Infant seats available
• Confirmation will be received at time of booking
• No heart problems or other serious medical conditions
• Travelers should have a moderate physical fitness level
• This tour/activity will have a maximum of 8 travelers
• For a full refund, cancel at least 24 hours in advance of the start date of the experience.
• Mount Nemrut
• Sumela Monastery
• Hosap Castle (Hosap Kalesi)
• Van Castle (Van Kalesi)
• Ancient Urartian site of Cavustepe (Sardurihinilli)

Similar experiences

• kathleenhA121PV 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles Excellent Guide and Unforgettable Eastern Turkey Experiences I recently went on a 15 day travel tour to Eastern Turkey that exceeded my expectations in many ways. The overall tour arrangements organised by Alkans Tour were fantastic. The transport arrangements were timely, and the driver prioritized safety throughout the journey. The accommodation booked for the tour was comfortable and clean, ensuring a pleasant stay for everyone. Our tour guide Sabahattin was incredibly knowledgeable, customer-centric, and friendly, making the experience even more enjoyable. I was happy with the professional service and help that Sabahattin provided. Our group was 21 people. Sabahattin was responsive to different requests from members of the group such as certain types of food and more time for visiting certain places. He had worked very well in planning and making adjustments to the trip in response to such factors as weather and traffic conditions. The itinerary was meticulously followed, and the places of interest we visited surpassed our expectations. Sabahattin made the trip so memorable, and I had a fantastic time. I highly recommend Alkans Tour and especially our guide Sabahattin to others. Read more Written April 18, 2024
• costas d 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles Unforgetable experience I visited Eastern part of Turkey with the help of this excelent agencie. The planing was perfect and the services exquisite. The guide Hassan Tekal is a flaless speaker of English language and a very helpful and knowledgeable in history and places we had visited. Thank you all guys for our wonderful experience Read more Written October 7, 2023
• NilowssS 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles Maybe the best agency in Van for foreigners to organise an private tour We are not Turkish and very lucky to have Sabahattin to organise our tour, after having some difficulties in communication with other local agencies for a private tour for foreigners. Sabahattin is great at communication in English and always reply/made adjustments for our needs at his earliest convenience. The price of the tour was fair and he always try his best to have best deal for us. The English guide, Haves, was knowledgeable and spoke English fluently(he is also an English part time teacher). I highly recommend Alkan tours and would use his services again without question. Read more Written May 3, 2023
• D4900XWjs 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles An incredible journey through the Taurus Mountains and highlands of Eastern Turkey - and seeing wonderful Van Cats!! Turkey's awesome mountain ranges, highlands, lakes and steppes are some of the best I've seen in the world. They are incredible - I loved it. Eastern Turkey is one of the best places for lovers of mountains and nature! Sabahattin, Nick and the team were so kind, professional, caring and have true passion for Turkey and its mountains and history. They guided me with great attention to ensure I was able to experience the very best of the nature. They know the country and the region very well and truly want you to share in their passion and expertise. I am so thankful to them for my experience! This is a real cultural crossroads of Asia too, with a fabulously diverse cultural and ancient history - as deep, rich and diverse as the landscapes! I could not recommend the team highly enough for your visit to Turkey. Their care and attention to detail sets them out, with an amazing spirit for exploration. You will have a fantastic time :) Read more Written April 15, 2023
• Jazzbah888 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles Excellent guides and amazing sites Excellent tour! We took the 10 day tour with 3 day Eastern Turkey extension and the entire trip was amazing. Our tour guide Hassan was very knowledgeable and friendly and made the experience very special. Our group was only 4 people which made allowed us to adapt our itinerary and Hassan was excellent at keeping informed of any options. Our driver was excellent and they worked as a team to keep us safe, informed and entertained. The extension portion ended up as a private tour with just the two of us, and our guide for that portion was also excellent. The visits to the incredible historic sites were balanced with explorations of more modern areas of cities and museums. Accommodations were great, and food was delicious. Just a great experIence with great people. Read more Written March 18, 2023
• Roamingruins 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles Unforgettable adventures in Eastern Turkey Wonderful trip with Hasan Tekdal to see such fantastic sites at Catalhoyuk, Hattusa, Gobekli Tepe, and Mount Nemrut. He was knowledgeable, fun, and responsive to the group's needs and interests. You can't go wrong with Alkans and Hasan if you're interested in ancient and prehistoric sites! Read more Written March 18, 2023
• billpM5716MU 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles Great Customized Tour, perfect for our group I found Eastern Turkey Tours / Alkans Tour Travel Agency through a google search and Tripadvisor. I found good reviews of them and am so glad I chose them. At first I was going to just use them for the eastern portion of our 3-week Turkey trip, but then decided to use them for the whole trip. I was not let down. Sabahattin Alkan, the Managing Director, put everything together for us. He was completely flexible, catering to exactly what we wanted. In some places, he sourced us a driver and a guide, sometimes just a guide. He put a nice itinerary together based on our needs and then coordinated everything for us. He was great at communicating and making sure we were taken care of each step of the way. It truly was a private tour set up with his help and advice, and the cost was very reasonable. He was also open when we made adjustments. I highly recommend Sabahattin and would use his services again without question. The guides and drivers that Sabahattin hired for us were all exceptional and catered to us very well. They were all highly knowledgable and did not try to see us on tourist traps. We even noticed that a couple of the guides were mentioned in our Lonely Planet book. He only used the best ones. Read more Written June 12, 2022
• jeffweiner41 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles What a memorable trip! Sabahattin was a joy to work with and his tour of Nemrut Dağı surpassed even our high expectations. We got in touch with Sabahattin at the last possible moment, yet he was professional and went out of his way to accommodate us. The two-day hiking and camping trip that followed was full of great views, delicious food, and lots of insight into the history and culture of the region. What’s more, Sabahattin gave us invaluable advice about our plans for onward travel that was not possible to find in any guidebook or on the web. And he was overall a nice, engaging guy to hang out with for a couple days. I cannot recommend Sabahattin/Alkan’s services enough. What a memorable trip! Read more Written January 31, 2022
• Colleen B 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles Tailor Made 3 Day Tour: Gaziantep, Sanliurfa, Nemrut Everything was exceptional! My guide Sabahattin, was extremely professional and had an academic knowledge of millennia of area history. From Gobekli Tepe, to Roman Greco, to modern history, he was a wealth of information. He also helped me navigate last minute changes to my departure - really above and beyond level of service. My only regret was that I didn't have more time. I highly recommend Alkan Eastern Turkey Tours. Read more Written October 21, 2021
• 95galinav 0 contributions 5.0 of 5 bubbles Kars/Ani I did 2 days tour from Van to Kars/Ani via Dogubayazit . My guide was Sabahattin Alkon . He was recommended to me by my friend from US and turned to be very knowledgeable , his English is perfect and it was a great trip . Sabahattin introduced me to the life of local people , he always chose nice places to eat and stay , and he is s nice person with whom you have a lot of fun during long hours of driving. Read more Written June 20, 2021

More to explore in Trabzon

Most Recent: Reviews ordered by most recent publish date in descending order.

Detailed Reviews: Reviews ordered by recency and descriptiveness of user-identified themes such as wait time, length of visit, general tips, and location information.

Eastern Turkey 12-Day Sightseeing Tour from Trabzon provided by Alkans Tour & Eastern Turkey Tours

Göbekli Tepe - Day Trips

Visit Göbekli Tepe and feel the pulse of time…

Here at Göbekli Tepe lie the remains of the earliest religious structures built by man yet to be discovered.

At about 11000-13000 years old this site pre-dates both pottery and writing and is far older that either Stonehenge in England or the great Egyptian Pyramids. In fact, less time separates us from the builders of Stonehenge than separates the builders of Stonehenge from the last known use of Göbekli Tepe.

Göbekli Tepe may have been in use as a point of gathering for religious and ritual events for over 2000 years and it represents a major advance in our understanding of man’s early history.

Şanlıurfa – (no overnight)

In  Şanlıurfa  (Urfa) you will be met by your driver.  You  will travel to the on-going archaeological dig at  Göbekli Tepe . Göbekli Tepe is one of the most important archaeological digs currently being undertaken anywhere in the world – this site represents a major shift in our understanding of man’s cultural evolution.

Drive back to  Şanlıurfa . Visit the  Şanlıurfa  Archaeological and Mosaic Museum, which is the largest museum complex in Turkey. Then onto the Pools of Abraham and the Cave where local tradition says the Prophet Abraham was born.

Transfer to Şanlıurfa airport.

Self-guided tour (driver only) does not include museum and site entries.

Price in dollars (US)

Price includes: Driver and all road transport.

Not included: Beverages, personal expenses, meals and visas (Please contact us if you require any information regarding flights)

Optional tour extensions are available to destinations in the region.

Did you know...

More time separates the builders of Göbekli Tepe from the builders of Stonehenge than separates the builders of Stonehenge from us.

Sanliurfa originally known as the ancient city of Edessa. This was the first state to accept Christianity approximately 190 AD.

Local tradition states that the Prophet Abraham was born here. His home for a short time was Haran just a short distance away which is mentioned in the Bible.

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Newly opened archeological mosaic museum information

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