international travel 20 weeks pregnant

Flying while pregnant? Here’s what you need to know

Editors note: This guide has been updated with the latest information.

During pregnancy, seemingly harmless things like eating deli meat and cleaning your cat's litter box are suddenly off-limits, along with more obvious restrictions on sports like skiing and scuba diving.

But what about "grey area" activities like flying in an airplane?

There's no single set of guidelines governing air travel during pregnancy and every airline has different restrictions, timelines and requirements. Some airlines may also require a medical certificate from a primary attending doctor or midwife for air travel during the final months of pregnancy, though even that varies, with U.S. airlines typically offering more flexibility than international carriers.

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In the absence of clear guidelines, TPG turned to Dr. Nithya Gopal , a board-certified OB-GYN physician and the Director of OB-GYN services at Viva Eve in New York City, for her expert recommendations on safe air travel during pregnancy.

Here's what she had to say:

Is it safe to fly when you are pregnant?

There is no evidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes due to flying, according to Dr. Gopal.

"The general consensus is that it is safest to fly in the first and second trimesters," Dr. Gopal told The Points Guy. "While the first and third trimesters tend to be when the most obstetric emergencies are going to happen, I personally become more cautious with my patients after 32 weeks because of the increased risk for premature labor and the possibility of needing urgent medical attention when you are in the sky."

The most important thing you can do, no matter how far along you are in your pregnancy, is to consult with your healthcare provider before flying.

"Any time you are planning to fly during pregnancy , you should be having that conversation," Dr. Gopal said. Your provider will be familiar with any safety precautions you should take to ensure a safe and healthy flight.

Related: Guide to flying in each trimester of pregnancy

The airline you are flying may have its own cutoff, so you will want to confirm with it beforehand whether you will be allowed to fly if you are in (or nearing) your third trimester. We've included a chart below that outlines the rules for most major airline carriers.

What can you do to stay comfortable on a flight?

When you factor in morning sickness and general pregnancy discomfort with the increased risk for blood clots that all fliers need to be aware of, flying during pregnancy can be uncomfortable even when it is deemed safe.

Dr. Gopal shared her recommendations for addressing these common issues when you take to the (baby-) friendly skies during pregnancy. Her number one tip for staying comfortable while in flight is to wear compression socks to help maintain blood flow and reduce swelling in the legs.

In addition, "I also tell my patients to get up and move at least every hour when they are on the plane," Dr. Gopal said.

To prevent clotting, "some doctors may also prescribe a low-dose aspirin," she added. "It isn't something that is recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), but it isn't harmful, either."

If it's nausea or acid reflux that ail you, there are medications generally considered safe that you can take to alleviate your symptoms. These would be the same ones prescribed by your doctor for morning sickness, so speak with your provider before your flight to ensure you have what you need at the ready.

Dr. Gopal also advises wearing loose, unrestrictive clothing (along with your seatbelt, or course) and drinking extra fluids to counteract the pressurized air in the cabin and keep you hydrated.

"Over-the-counter Gas-X may also help with bloating that can happen as a result of the pressurized air," Dr. Gopal said.

Related: What happens when a baby is born in flight?

Must you speak with your healthcare provider before flying?

Even if your pregnancy is considered low-risk, it's always a smart idea to speak with your healthcare provider before flying. "There are a number of potential risks that go along with flying during pregnancy and those risks can change from week to week and month to month, so it's important to have that honest conversation with your doctor," Dr. Gopal said.

Related: Things You Should Do Before, During and After Flying to Stay Healthy

There are certain pregnancy conditions that may make flying more risky or unadvisable. If you are hypertensive, asthmatic or prone to clotting disorders, it's even more critical to speak with your doctor before flying.

Airline policies differ, but if you need documentation, it never hurts to include enough detail to satisfy the most stringent airline requirements.

"As with many things related to air travel, it's better to be safe than sorry," Dr. Gopal said. "It's definitely worth it, and sometimes necessary, to have medical documentation from your provider's office."

A thorough medical certificate or waiver should state:

• The number of weeks of pregnancy.
• The estimated delivery date.
• Whether the pregnancy is single or multiple.
• Whether there are any complications.
• That you are in good health and fit to travel through the date of your final flight.

Additionally, the certificate should be:

• Written on official clinic or hospital letterhead if possible.
• Signed by the doctor or attending midwife.
• Be dated no later than 72 hours before the departure date.
• Be written in clear, simple English.

Carry this certificate with you on your flight. Some airlines won't ask to see it, but others will. Some airlines also may have their own documentation requirements. See the chart below to find out which airlines require it.

Airline policies for pregnant women

Bottom line.

Even though it may be deemed safe, flying during pregnancy can be uncomfortable — and it is perfectly acceptable to implement your own cutoff for flying with your baby bump in tow. The majority of the time, though, flying is perfectly safe during pregnancy, providing that you follow the guidelines of the airline and your healthcare provider. Read on to learn more about traveling before, during and after pregnancy:

• What to expect in every trimester of pregnancy
• 4 tips for planning travel while planning a pregnancy
• Babymoon boom! These are the top 10 spots for a US getaway before the baby comes
• Flying with a baby checklist

Additional reporting by Katherine Fan and Tarah Chieffi.

Flying While Pregnant? Check Out the Policies on 25 Global Airlines

In the absence of obstetric or medical complications, occasional air travel during pregnancy is generally safe, according to the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology  (ACOG). Like other travelers, pregnant women should use seat belts while seated. 

Most commercial airlines allow pregnant women to fly up to 36 weeks of gestation, with some restrictions on international flights. 

ACOG does not recommend air travel for pregnant women with medical or obstetric conditions that may be exacerbated by flight or that could require emergency care. It advises checking flight durations when planning travel and that the most common obstetric emergencies occur in the first and third trimesters.

Once aboard a flight, conditions including changes in cabin pressure and low humidity, coupled with the physiologic changes of pregnancy, do result in adaptations, including increased heart rate and blood pressure, reports ACOG. And those traveling on long-haul flights face the risks associated with immobilization and low cabin humidity. This can cause issues such as lower extremity edema and venous thrombotic events.

ACOG recommends preventive measures to minimize these risks, including the use of support stockings, regular movement of the lower extremities, avoid wearing restrictive clothing and encourage regular hydration. It also advises against consuming gas-producing foods or drinks before a flight.

Other ways for pregnant women to be comfortable on their flights include: booking a bulkhead seat for more legroom; reserving an aisle seat for easy access to lavatories and to walk; elevating your legs on a carry-on bag to avoid swelling and cramps; and wearing a layered, comfortable outfit for changing cabin temperatures.

Airlines around the world have different rules and regulations on when and how long pregnant women can fly. Below are the policies from 25 airlines around the world.

The French flag carrier does not require pregnant women to carry a medical certificate for travel during pregnancy. It recommends avoiding travel in the final month of pregnancy, as well as during the first seven days after delivery. The airline also recommends expecting mothers seek their doctor's opinion before traveling.

India’s flag carrier allows expectant mothers in good health to fly up to and including their 27th week of pregnancy. After 27 weeks, if the pregnancy is anticipated to be a normal delivery, an expectant mother will be accepted for travel up to the 35th week, but a medical certificate confirming the mother is fit to travel is required by an attending obstetrician and dated within three days of travel.

Air New Zealand

For single, uncomplicated pregnancies and clearance from a doctor or midwife women can take flights more than four hours up to the end of their 36th week. For flights under four hours, it's up to the end of the 40th week. Women pregnant with twins can fly more than four hours up to their 32nd week and less than four hours until the 36th week.

The airline recommends that women past their 28th week carry a letter from a doctor or midwife that says you are fit for travel, confirming your pregnancy dates and that there are no complications.

The airline's medical team must offer clearance for women experiencing the following: a complicated pregnancy, such as placenta previa or bleeding; a multiple pregnancy; a history of premature labor; or have begun the early stages of labor. 

Italy's flag carrier has no travel restrictions for expectant mothers during the first eight months of pregnancy. But if traveling within the last four weeks of pregnancy, expecting multiple births, or having a complicated pregnancy, medical clearance is required. Completion of a Medical Information Form, MEDIF , prior to travel and signed by both the passenger and doctor is required.

Alitalia advises pregnant not to fly seven days prior to and seven days after giving birth, or if there is a risk of a premature birth or other complications. It will make staff available to escort pregnant women from the airport check-in counter to the boarding gate. Staff onboard the flight will help stow carry-on luggage. Seats can be pre-assigned and women cannot sit in an exit row.

All Nippon Airways

The Japanese carrier requires women within 15 to 28 days of their due date to fill out and carry a medical information form . Women within 14 days of their due date are required to have a medical form and travel with a doctor. The form must indicate there are no complications of pregnancy, that the passenger has no health problems preventing them from flying and the due date. It must be completed by a doctor and submitted no more than seven days prior to departure.

American Airlines

The Fort Worth-based carrier has different rules for international and domestic flights. If a due date is within four weeks of a flight, you must provide a doctor’s certificate stating that you’ve been recently examined and you’re fit to fly. For domestic flights under five hours, pregnant women won’t be permitted to travel within seven days (before and after) their delivery date. Those who need travel within this timeframe will need approval from a physician and help from a special assistance coordinator . The pregnant woman's physician will be required to fill out a passenger medical form before a flight. A special assistance coordinator will send the form directly to your physician.

Clearance from a special assistance coordinator is required for international travel or travel over water. Within four weeks of a due date also requires a physician's note stating that you’ve been examined within the past 48 hours and you’re fit to fly. And seven days before or after delivery also requires a passenger medical form to be completed by your physician.

British Airways

The U.K. carrier does not allow pregnant women to fly after the end of the 36th week if you are pregnant with one baby or the end of the 32nd week if you are pregnant with more than one baby. While it isn't mandated, British Airways recommends all expecting mothers carry a confirmation from a doctor or midwife, such as a letter or certificate, in addition to your pregnancy record. It should be written within seven days prior to travel and confirm your approximate due date, that you're fit to travel and that there are no complications with your pregnancy.

Cathay Pacific

 Hong Kong's flag carrier requires that women with pregnancies after 28 weeks carry a medical certificate, dated within 10 days of travel that states the following: 

• single or multiple pregnancy
• estimated week of pregnancy
• expected due date 
• certifying you are in good health and the pregnancy is progressing normally, without complications
• that you are fit to travel

The airline accepts pregnant women with uncomplicated single pregnancies to travel up to 36 weeks and uncomplicated multiple pregnancies up to 32 weeks.

Delta Air Lines

The Atlanta-based carrier does not impose restrictions on flying for pregnant women, so a medical certificate is not required to travel. But the airline will not waive ticket change fees and penalties for pregnancy. The airline recommends that those flying after their eight month should check with their doctor to be sure travel is not restricted.

The U.K.-based airline has no restrictions for pregnant passengers traveling up to the end of the 35th week of single pregnancies and the end of the 32nd week for multiple pregnancies.

Pregnant women can travel up to their 29th week without a medical certificate. After that, they require a certificate or letter signed by a qualified doctor or midwife that states whether the pregnancy is single or multiple, is progressing without complications, includes an estimated due date, that you are in good health and there's no known reason to prevent you from flying. Pregnant passengers are not allowed to fly after the 32nd week of a multiple pregnancy, and after the 36th week of a single pregnancy.

This Abu Dhabi-based carrier allows women with single or multiple pregnancies to travel during the first 28 weeks without a medical certificate. For single pregnancies between 29 and 36 weeks, a medical certificate is required. After 37 weeks, pregnant women will not be allowed to travel. For multiple pregnancies, a certificate is required between the 29th and 32nd week; after that, women will not be allowed to travel.

The medical certificate must include the following: 

• Be issued and signed by a doctor or midwife
• Written on a clinic/hospital letterhead and/or stamped by the doctor or midwife
• State that the guest is fit to fly
• State if the pregnancy is single or multiple
• State the number of weeks of pregnancy and the Expected Date of Delivery 
• Easily understood and written in Arabic or English. Other languages are accepted but must be verified by Etihad Airways' check-in staff

The original medical certificate shall be accepted for the whole journey (originating, return and stopover flights), provided the above validity criteria is met for each sector. And it is valid for three weeks from the date of issue.

The New York-based carrier does not allow pregnant customers expecting to deliver within seven days to travel unless they provide a doctor's certificate dated no more than 72 hours prior to departure stating that the woman is physically fit for air travel to and from the destinations requested on the date of the flight and that the estimated date of delivery is after the date of the last flight.

The Dutch flag carrier recommends pregnant mothers not fly after the 36th week, along with the first week following delivery. For those expecting more than one baby, the carrier recommends consulting with a physician prior to flying. If you have had complications, you always need to have permission to fly from your physician.

Expectant mothers with complication-free pregnancies can fly on the German flag carrier until the end of the 36th week of pregnancy or up to four weeks before their expected due date without a medical certificate from a gynecologist. But the airline recommends that pregnant women beyond the 28th week have a current letter from a gynecologist that includes confirmation that the pregnancy is progressing without complications and the expected due date. The doctor should expressly state that the patient’s pregnancy does not prevent her from flying.

Because of the increased risk of thrombosis during pregnancy, the airline does recommend that expectant mothers wear compression stockings while flying.

Malaysia Airlines

The Malaysian flag carrier requires medical clearance for expectant mothers approaching 35 weeks for international travel or 36 weeks for domestic travel. If medical clearance is required, the MEDIF application form should be completed by a doctor and submitted to the airline through its ticketing offices or travel agents at least five working days before traveling.

Philippine Airlines

An expectant mother who is in normal health and with no pregnancy complications will be allowed to fly after filling out an EMIS form . Pregnant women may be accepted for travel if they are not beyond 35 weeks when they fill out Part One of the EMIS form. Those between 24 and 32 weeks of pregnancy will have to fill out EMIS Form Part 2. And if the expectant mother is below 21 years of age, the consent in writing of the husband, parent or guardian must be secured. For expectant mothers beyond 32 weeks of pregnancy, EMIS Part 3 must be accomplished by the Flight Surgeon or Company Physician, who shall issue the clearance for travel

After the 28th week, women are required to have a certificate or letter from a registered medical practitioner or registered midwife confirming the delivery date, whether it's a single or multiple pregnancy and that the pregnancy is routine.

For flights longer than four hours, women can fly up to the end of the 36th week for single pregnancies and the end of the 32nd week for multiple pregnancies. For flights under four hours, women can travel up to the end of the 40th week for single pregnancies and the end of the 36th week for multiple pregnancies. The carrier requires medical clearance  if there are pregnancy complications or it's not a routine pregnancy.

Qatar Airways

 No doctor's note is required for women traveling through their 28th week of pregnancy. Expectant mothers can fly between week 29 and week 32 with a doctor's note and a pregnancy with no complications. Those with a multiple pregnancy will need a doctor's note and a  Medical Information Form (MEDIF) . Between weeks 33 and 35, women will need a doctor's note and a MEDIF. The airline does not accept women in their 36th week and beyond.

 The low-cost Irish carrier allows expectant mothers to fly up to their 28th week of pregnancy. After that, the airline requires women to have a ‘fit to fly’ letter from their midwife or doctor. For an uncomplicated single pregnancy, travel is not permitted beyond the end of the 36th week of pregnancy, while the cut-off for an uncomplicated multiple pregnancy is 32 weeks. 

Singapore Airlines

For uncomplicated single pregnancies, the carrier restricts expectant mothers from travelling beyond the 36th week of pregnancy; for uncomplicated multiple pregnancies, the restriction is the 32nd week.

For uncomplicated single pregnancies between 29 weeks and 36 weeks, expectant mothers must provide a medical certificate stating the following: (1) fitness to travel, (2) number of weeks of pregnancy and (3) estimated date of delivery. The certificate should be dated within ten days of the date of the first flight exceeding 28 weeks of pregnancy. This certificate will have to be presented at check-in when requested.

Southwest Airlines

The Dallas-based carrier advises expectant mothers at any stage of pregnancy to consult with their physicians prior to air travel. The airline recommends against air travel beginning at the 38th week of pregnancy. It warns that in some cases, traveling by air has been known to cause complications or premature labor. Depending on their physical condition, strength, and agility, pregnant women may, in some cases, be asked not to sit in the emergency exit row.

Turkish Airlines

Turkey's flag carrier allows mothers pregnant with one child to travel between the 28th and 35th week if they have a doctor's report that includes the phrase, “There is no particular reason for the patient not to fly.” For women pregnant with more then one baby, the travel cut-off is the end of the 31st week with a doctor's report. The report has to be no more than seven days from the travel date. 

United Airlines

Any woman in the first 36 weeks of pregnancy will be allowed to travel on the Chicago-based carrier without medical documentation. An expectant mother traveling after the 36 weeks of pregnancy must have the original and two copies of an obstetrician’s certificate, which must be dated within 72 hours of a flight’s departure. The original certificate should be submitted to a United representative at check-in.

Virgin Atlantic

 The London-based airline allows travel without restrictions until the 28th week of pregnancy provided that you're free from complications to that point. The carrier asks pregnant mothers to inform its Special Assistance department so they can offer appropriate inflight health advice. Between the 28th and 36th weeks of pregnancy, a doctor's or midwife's certificate is required, stating that the passenger is safe for travel and the expected due date (32 weeks if carrying multiples in an uncomplicated pregnancy). Beyond the 36th week of pregnancy, travel is only permitted for medical/compassionate reasons and the pregnant passenger is required to be accompanied by a medical escort. This travel is subject to the approval of a Virgin Atlantic doctor.

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• Pregnancy week by week

Is it safe to fly during pregnancy?

Generally, air travel before 36 weeks of pregnancy is considered safe for people who aren't dealing with any pregnancy problems. Still, if you're pregnant, it's a good idea to talk with your health care provider before you fly.

Your provider might suggest that you not fly if you have certain pregnancy complications that could get worse because of air travel or that could require emergency care. Examples include a history of miscarriage or vaginal bleeding, severe anemia, and high blood pressure or diabetes that's not well controlled. If you had preeclampsia during a previous pregnancy — a condition that causes high blood pressure and extra protein in urine — flying may not be advised. The same is true if you're pregnant with twins or other multiples.

Tell your provider how far you are flying, as the length of the flight might make a difference. Also, be aware that some airlines may not allow pregnant people on international flights. Check with your airline before you make travel arrangements.

After 36 weeks of pregnancy, your health care provider may advise against flying. And some airlines don't allow pregnant people to fly after 36 weeks. The airline also may require a letter from your health care provider that states how far along in your pregnancy you are and whether flying is advised.

If your health care provider says it's okay for you to fly, and your plans are flexible, the best time to travel by air might be during the second trimester. The risks of common pregnancy emergencies are lowest during that time.

When you fly:

• Buckle up. During the trip, keep your seatbelt fastened when you are seated, and secure it under your belly.
• Drink plenty of fluids. Low humidity in the airplane could cause you to become dehydrated.
• Avoid gassy foods and drinks before you fly. Gases expand during flight, and that could make you uncomfortable. Examples of foods and drinks to avoid include broccoli and carbonated soda.
• Think about medical care. Plan for how you'll get obstetric care during your trip if you need it. Bring copies of your medical information in case you need care while you're away.

Blood clots

Air travel can raise the risk for blood clots in the legs, a condition called venous thrombosis. The risk is higher for pregnant people. Moving your legs may help prevent this problem. Take a walk up and down the aisle every hour during the flight. If you must remain seated, flex and extend your ankles from time to time. In general, it's best to avoid tightfitting clothing, as that can hinder blood flow. Wearing compression stockings can help with blood circulation during a long flight.

Radiation exposure linked to air travel at high altitudes isn't thought to be a problem for most people who fly during pregnancy. But pilots, flight attendants and others who fly often might be exposed to a level of radiation that raises concerns during pregnancy. If you must fly frequently during your pregnancy, talk about it with your health care provider.

Mary Marnach, M.D.

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• Allergy medications during pregnancy
• AskMayoExpert. Health considerations for air travelers: Pregnancy considerations. Mayo Clinic; 2022.
• Air Travel During Pregnancy: ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 746. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2018/08/air-travel-during-pregnancy. Accessed Dec. 1, 2022.
• Ram S, et al. Air travel during pregnancy and the risk of venous thrombosis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2022; doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100751.

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Pregnant Travelers

Pregnant travelers can generally travel safely with appropriate preparation. But they should avoid some destinations, including those with risk of Zika and malaria. Learn more about traveling during pregnancy and steps you can take to keep you and your baby healthy.

Before Travel

Before you book a cruise or air travel, check the airlines or cruise operator policies for pregnant women. Some airlines will let you fly until 36 weeks, but others may have an earlier cutoff. Cruises may not allow you to travel after 24–28 weeks of pregnancy, and you may need to have a note from your doctor stating you are fit to travel.

Zika and Malaria

Zika can cause severe birth defects. The Zika virus is spread through mosquito bites and sex. If you are pregnant, do not travel to  areas with risk of Zika . If you must travel to an area with Zika, use  insect repellent  and take other steps to avoid bug bites. If you have a sex partner who lives in or has traveled to an area with Zika, you should use condoms for the rest of your pregnancy.

Pregnant travelers should avoid travel to areas with malaria, as it can be more severe in pregnant women. Malaria increases the risk for serious pregnancy problems, including premature birth, miscarriage, and stillbirth. If you must travel to an area with malaria, talk to your doctor about taking malaria prevention medicine. Malaria is spread by mosquitoes, so use  insect repellent and take other steps to avoid bug bites.

Make an appointment with your healthcare provider or a travel health specialist  that takes place at least one month before you leave. They can help you get destination-specific vaccines, medicines, and information. Discussing your health concerns, itinerary, and planned activities with your provider allows them to give more specific advice and recommendations.

Plan for the unexpected. It is important to plan for unexpected events as much as possible. Doing so can help you get quality health care or avoid being stranded at a destination. A few steps you can take to plan for unexpected events are to  get travel insurance ,    learn where to get health care during travel ,  pack a travel health kit ,  and  enroll in the Department of State’s STEP .

Be sure your healthcare policy covers pregnancy and neonatal complications while overseas. If it doesn’t get travel health insurance that covers those items. Consider getting medical evacuation insurance too.

Recognize signs and symptoms that require immediate medical attention, including pelvic or abdominal pain, bleeding, contractions, symptoms of preeclampsia (unusual swelling, severe headaches, nausea and vomiting, and vision changes), and dehydration.

Prepare a  travel health kit . Pregnant travelers may want to include in your kit prescription medications, hemorrhoid cream, antiemetic drugs, antacids, prenatal vitamins, medication for vaginitis or yeast infection, and support hose, in addition to the items recommended for all travelers.

During Travel

Your feet may become swollen on a long flight, so wear comfortable shoes and loose clothing and try to walk around every hour or so. Sitting for a long time, like on long flight, increases your chances of getting blood clots, or deep vein thrombosis. Pregnant women are also more likely to get blood clots. To reduce your risk of a blood clot, your doctor may recommend compression stockings or leg exercises you can do in your seat. Also, see CDC’s Blood Clots During Travel page for more tips on how to avoid blood clots during travel.

Choose safe food and drink. Contaminated food or drinks can cause travelers’ diarrhea and other diseases and disrupt your travel. Travelers to low or middle income destinations are especially at risk. Generally, foods served hot are usually safe to eat as well as dry and packaged foods. Bottled, canned, and hot drinks are usually safe to drink. Learn more about how to choose safer  food and drinks  to prevent getting sick.

Pregnant women should not use bismuth subsalicylate, which is in Pepto-Bismol and Kaopectate. Travelers to low or middle income  destinations  are more likely to get sick from food or drinks. Iodine tablets for water purification should not be used since they can harm thyroid development of the fetus.

After Travel

If you traveled and feel sick, particularly if you have a fever, talk to a healthcare provider immediately, and tell them about your travel. Avoid contact with other people while you are sick.

More Information

CDC Yellow Book: Pregnant Travelers

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Is it safe to fly while I'm pregnant?

Yes, just like other kinds of pregnancy travel , flying while pregnant is safe as long as you're not too close to your due date and don't have any medical complications.

Talk with your healthcare provider before you book your flight to discuss any potential issues and get their go ahead. Know that almost every airline won't let women who are past 36 weeks pregnant fly – and sometimes that's even earlier for international travel.

As long as you and your baby are healthy, you shouldn't have any trouble in the pressurized cabin of a commercial airliner. (Just remember to keep your seat belt on while you're seated – it should sit under your belly and low on your hips.) You don't need to worry about the screening machines at the airport, either. They won't harm your baby.

Your ob-gyn or midwife may be able to help you find a provider at the destination you're visiting in case you need medical attention while you're away. You'll also want to verify what your health and travel insurance policies cover regarding emergencies abroad and flight cancellations, in the event that something happens or you need to cancel your trip.

When is flying while pregnant not safe?

There are some situations when it's not safe to fly while you're pregnant, including if you:

• are having signs of a possible miscarriage , such as cramping, pain, or bleeding
• have cervical insufficiency (an incompetent cervix)
• have preeclampsia
• have vaginal bleeding
• are under observation for preterm labor
• have premature rupture of membranes (PROM), which means you're leaking amniotic fluid or your water has broken but you're not yet in labor

Your healthcare provider may also recommend you not fly if you:

• are carrying twins or higher multiples after 28 weeks
• have intrauterine growth restriction
• have a history of miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy
• have placenta previa or another placental abnormality
• have any chronic medical condition, such as diabetes or high blood pressure
• have a history of blood clots
• have any other conditions that put your pregnancy at extra risk

How late in pregnancy can you fly?

Most airlines won't let pregnant women fly after 36 weeks – if you're planning to get on a plane sometime during your third trimester, check with your airline on their specific pregnancy travel policies before booking your flight.

If your bump makes it look like you're more pregnant than you are , airline employees may ask you to provide a note from your OB or midwife stating you've been cleared to fly, as well as how many weeks pregnant you are. In most cases, it's no problem at all to get this letter from your healthcare provider – just be sure not to wait until the day of travel to ask for it. That's the last bit of travel stress anyone needs!

Tips for flying when pregnant

These tips will help you and your baby stay safe and comfortable on your next flight:

• For the smoothest ride, request a seat in the middle of the plane over the wing. (This is the area where you're least likely to get airsick too.)
• For more legroom, try to get a seat in the bulkhead or pay for an upgrade. Stretch your legs and flex your feet as often as possible to minimize swelling.
• Choose an aisle seat so you can get up easily to go to the bathroom or walk around and stretch – which you should do at least once an hour (every half hour is even better). Pregnant women who sit still for long periods have a higher risk of developing deep vein thrombosis .
• Wearing compression socks can also help you avoid clots because they keep the blood moving in your legs.
• Wear comfortable shoes, as your feet may become swollen when flying. Opt for loose clothing to stay as comfortable as possible too.
• Drink lots of fluids (especially water) to avoid the dehydrating effects of dry cabin air. It's best to avoid carbonated drinks when flying – gas expands at higher altitudes and that effect can be uncomfortable.
• Go to the bathroom frequently, especially before the plane begins its descent. You don't want to be stuck in your seat with a full bladder during the time it takes to land and taxi to the gate.
• If you're prone to nausea, ask your healthcare provider if you can take prescription anti-nausea medication .
• Don't be afraid to ask a flight attendant or other passengers who appear able to help you lift your carry-on into the overhead bin.
• Be sure to pack some healthy snacks and a bottle of water in case you have any unexpected delays on the ground or in the air.

Flying during COVID-19

As long as you're fully vaccinated against COVID-19, it's okay to travel, which includes flying, according to the CDC. If you're not vaccinated, the CDC says you should delay or avoid travel unless it's absolutely essential. Pregnant women who get COVID-19 are at a higher risk for severe illness and hospitalization, as well as preterm birth and other poor pregnancy outcomes. (This is why major health organizations are recommending that women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or are planning on becoming pregnant get the COVID-19 vaccine .)

If you have any questions about flying during COVID-19 or the COVID-19 vaccine, talk to your healthcare provider. They can help you make the best decisions for you and your baby's health.

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BabyCenter's editorial team is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. When creating and updating content, we rely on credible sources: respected health organizations, professional groups of doctors and other experts, and published studies in peer-reviewed journals. We believe you should always know the source of the information you're seeing. Learn more about our editorial and medical review policies .

ACOG. 2019. Air travel during pregnancy. Committee Opinion No. 746. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2018/08/air-travel-during-pregnancy Opens a new window [Accessed October 2021]

ACOG. 2016. Travel during pregnancy. FAQ055.  http://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Travel-During-Pregnancy Opens a new window  [Accessed October 2021]

March of Dimes. 2016. Travel during pregnancy.  http://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/travel-during-pregnancy.aspx Opens a new window  [Accessed October 2021]

Morof, D.F. 2015. CDC. Travelers' Health, Chapter 8, Advising Travelers with Specific Needs, Pregnant Travelers.  http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/advising-travelers-with-specific-needs/pregnant-travelers Opens a new window  [Accessed October 2021]

CDC. 2021. Covid-19: Pregnant and Recently Pregnant People. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/pregnant-people.html Opens a new window [Accessed October 2021]

CDC. 2021. International Travel During Covid-19. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/international-travel-during-covid19.html Opens a new window [Accessed October 2021]

Terry Ward is a freelance travel, health, and parenting writer who has covered everything from flying with toddlers to why you should travel with your kids even when they're too young to remember it. She lives in Tampa, Florida, with her husband and their young son and daughter, and enjoys camping, sailing, scuba diving, skiing, and almost anything else done in the great outdoors.

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Flying While Pregnant – Your Guide to Airline Policies [2023]

Chris Hassan

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Airline Policy Chart

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Whether heading on a vacation or babymoon, traveling for work, or visiting family for the holidays, flying while pregnant is extremely common and generally safe when following standard air travel precautions.

As always, wearing a seatbelt and staying hydrated is very important, but so is checking with your doctor, as well as your airline, to confirm any additional requirements.

Depending on your destination and airline, policies may vary, so we created a guide to help make the process just a little bit easier for expectant moms.

Let’s look at what you can expect on your next flight if you are expecting.

Flying While Pregnant Overview

Many airlines allow pregnant women to fly if they haven’t passed 36 weeks of gestation .

However, that number may vary based on medical conditions as well as the destination of the flight, as international flights can have different rules.

U.S. Airline Pregnancy Policies

Alaska Airlines does not have any specific policy for flying while pregnant.

American Airlines requires pregnant passengers to provide a doctor’s certificate stating they’re fit to fly if they’re due within 4 weeks of the flight.

If the flight is within 7 days of the delivery date, your physician must complete a special approval form, and a special assistance coordinator from American Airlines will be assigned to you.

For international travel or travel over water within 4 weeks of your due date, a physician’s note stating that you are fit to fly after being examined within 48 hours of the flight is required.

Pregnant passengers do not face any restrictions when flying on Avelo and a medical certificate is not required for you to travel.

Breeze does not have restrictions or require a medical certificate for pregnant passengers.

Delta Air Lines has no restrictions for pregnant passengers and does not require medical clearance, regardless of the due date.

Frontier Airlines requires a medical certificate starting at the 36th week of pregnancy.

Alternatively, a waiver may be signed at the ticket counter, releasing the airline of liability.

Hawaiian Airlines requires a medical certificate if you’re due within 7 days when flying within Hawaii.

For international flights or between North America, an exam completed within 48 hours of your flight and a certificate are required if the flight is within 30 days of your due date.

JetBlue only requires a medical certificate if you’re due within 7 days of the flight. The exam must be completed within 72 hours of the departure date.

If you are past due, you will not be allowed to fly, even with documentation.

Southwest Airlines recommends against air travel for passengers at or past 38 weeks of pregnancy but does not prohibit it.

The airline may, however, ask pregnant passengers not to sit in the emergency row.

Spirit Airlines “urges” pregnant passengers past 8 months (32 weeks) to get a doctor’s exam before flying to confirm it is safe to travel.

However, no mention of a medical certificate being needed to fly.

United Airlines has no restriction for up to 36 weeks of pregnancy.

Starting the 36th week, an obstetrician’s certificate (original and 2 copies) is required, stating that mother and baby are fit for travel. The certificate must be dated within 72 hours of the flight, although it is preferred to be within 1 day of departure if possible.

The due date must be after the final flight on the itinerary.

International Airline Pregnancy Policies

Aeromexico passengers who are 33 weeks pregnant or more must provide a medical certificate that can be uploaded 48 hours before the flight departure.

The exam must be completed within 5 days of the flight, and it is a good idea to bring a copy of the certificate to the airport just in case.

Air Canada has no restrictions for passengers until their 36th week of pregnancy. After 36 weeks, there is no official statement or requirements.

Air France does not require medical clearance before flying. However, the airline recommends seeking a doctor’s opinion before flying.

Although it is not prohibited, Air France recommends avoiding air travel starting at 37 weeks of pregnancy.

British Airways does not permit pregnant women to fly after the 36th week if they’re pregnant with 1 baby or after the 32nd week for more than 1 baby.

The airline recommends expectant mothers travel with a note from their doctor or midwife confirming:

• If the pregnancy is single or multiple
• Expected due date
• No complications with the pregnancy

This note should be completed as close to the travel dates as possible.

The table below shows the requirements and certificates needed to travel for those with uncomplicated pregnancies.

Cathay Pacific advises that you may be denied boarding if you’re not carrying a required medical certificate or if that certificate is outdated or incomplete.

Emirates has flight restrictions starting at 29 weeks of pregnancy.

Expectant mothers traveling during or after 29 weeks must bring a medical certificate signed by a doctor or midwife that includes:

• Single or multiple pregnancies
• Estimated due date
• The latest date your doctor expects you to be fit for travel
• You are in good health
• That there is no known reason that would prevent you from flying

Passengers are prohibited from flying after the 36th week of a single pregnancy or the 32nd week of a multiples pregnancy.

If you need to request an exception to the rule, you can apply for medical clearance by submitting a medical information form .

Etihad Airways has flight restrictions starting at 29 weeks of pregnancy.

From weeks 29 to 36 (29 to 32 for a multiples pregnancy), a medical certificate is required to fly.

Passengers are prohibited from flying once reaching the 37th week of a single pregnancy or the 33rd week of a multiples pregnancy.

If you need to submit a medical certificate, you can download it before arriving at the airport.

Japan Air Lines requires a medical certificate  for the following circumstances:

• When the expected delivery date is within 28 days or is uncertain
• When expecting multiple births
• When there were previous premature births

KLM advises expectant mothers not to fly after reaching 36 weeks of pregnancy. Getting medical clearance to fly is not required, but it is recommended.

LATAM allows pregnant passengers of up to 29 weeks to fly without authorization. From the 30th week on, a medical certificate is required.

After 39 weeks, travel is prohibited.

Lufthansa does not require medical clearance until after the 28th week of pregnancy.

Beyond the 28th week, it is recommended that you travel with a certificate that includes:

• Confirmation that the pregnancy does not have any complications
• A statement from an obstetrician stating that the pregnancy does not prevent you from flying

From the 36th week, this certificate is required to fly. In the case of twin or multiples pregnancy, flying is prohibited after the 32nd week.

Qatar Airways recommends traveling with a doctor’s certificate until the 29th week of pregnancy. After the 29th week arrives, the certificate is required.

At the beginning of the 33rd week, a doctor’s certificate, as well as a MEDIF form , is required and must include the following:

• Patient’s name and date of birth
• Estimated date of delivery
• Proposed dates of air travel
• Confirmation of uncomplicated pregnancy
• Confirmation that the patient is fit for travel
• Date, stamp, and contact details of a qualified doctor

After the 36th week of pregnancy begins, Qatar Airways will not allow you to fly, or 33 weeks in the case of a multiples pregnancy.

Singapore Airlines has no requirements until after the 28th week of pregnancy.

From the 29th week to the 36th week (32nd week for a multiples pregnancy), a medical statement is required to fly that includes:

• Fitness to travel
• Number of weeks pregnant

This certificate must be dated within 10 days of the first flight.

After the 36th week (or the 32nd week for a multiples pregnancy), air travel with Singapore Airlines is not allowed.

After 28 weeks, you will be required to provide a letter from your doctor, dated within 10 days of travel, “outlining the estimated due date, single or multiple pregnancies, the absence of complications, and your fitness to fly for the duration of the flight(s) booked.”

Medical clearance is required for any pregnancy with complications or within 5 days of normal vaginal delivery.

The following conditions are unacceptable for travel:

Virgin Atlantic has no requirements until the 28th week of pregnancy.

From the 28th week to the 36th week (32nd week for a multiples pregnancy), a doctor’s certificate may be requested at the airport or onboard. The certificate should state that there have been no complications and show the estimated due date.

After the 36th week (or 32nd week for a multiples pregnancy), air travel with Virgin Atlantic is prohibited. Travel after the cut-off date may be permitted in special circumstances.

WestJet only recommends that expectant mothers check with their physician or midwife before traveling if they are more than 36 weeks pregnant.

Hot Tip: Are you planning your first trip with your little one? Read the ultimate guide to booking a lap child on your next flight .

Most of these travel tips are helpful for everyone, but especially for expectant mothers.

Choose the Right Seat

Choosing the right seat can make a big difference on an airplane. By sitting in a bulkhead or an aisle seat, you will have more room to stretch your legs and more freedom to get up to use the bathroom if needed.

Also, this may be a good time to splurge on a business or first class seat so you can lie flat and get some rest.

Wear Comfortable Clothing

Wearing comfortable clothing is travel 101, but wearing comfortable layers will give you options if you find the cabin too hot or cold.

Wear Compression Socks

A popular travel hack (even if you aren’t pregnant) is to wear compression socks to reduce swelling and help with blood flow.

However, it may be a good idea to speak with your doctor if you haven’t used them before.

Get Up and Stretch

Walking up and down the aisle is a great way to get your blood flowing and keep oxygen levels up.

Stay Hydrated

Planes are notorious for being dry and sucking moisture out of the air. Pack a big water bottle and ask for more while onboard to ensure you don’t get dehydrated.

Beat Nausea

If you are prone to nausea, bring remedies such as candies and crackers (or whatever works for you) because smells can sometimes be unavoidable inside a plane.

Buy Travelers Insurance

Having travelers insurance is always a good idea, especially if you are traveling far from home — even more so if you are late in your pregnancy.

Hot Tip: Once your little traveler is born, they will want to fly with you. Here is the ultimate guide to baby bassinet seats on 50+ airlines .

Pregnancy is a beautiful thing, and combining it with travel can be a recipe for some wonderful memories.

If you’re planning a bucket list babymoon or just need to keep working and traveling, knowing which airlines will best accommodate you is essential when booking travel.

This guide has plenty of information, and when you’re ready to start traveling with your little one in tow, be sure to come back and read our family travel guides!

All information and content provided by Upgraded Points is intended as general information and for educational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as medical advice or legal advice. For more information, see our  Medical & Legal Disclaimers .

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it safe to fly when pregnant.

In most cases, flying while pregnant is perfectly safe as long as normal safety precautions are taken.

Can you fly during the third trimester? 

Most airlines will allow expectant mothers to fly until the 36th week of pregnancy, often with a doctor’s note.

Do airlines restrict pregnant passengers?

Most airlines allow pregnant passengers to fly until they are 36 weeks pregnant. Some have no restrictions at all.

What are the rules when flying while pregnant?

Each airline sets its own policy regarding flying while pregnant, and it often depends on gestation age and how complicated the pregnancy is. We put together a list of the most popular airlines and their pregnancy policies.

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About Chris Hassan

Chris holds a B.S. in Hospitality and Tourism Management and managed social media for all Marriott properties in South America, making him a perfect fit for UP and its social media channels. He has a passion for making content catered toward family travelers.

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Here Are the Rules for Flying When You're Pregnant

Whether you're newly pregnant or planning a babymoon right before welcoming your baby, here's what parents-to-be need to know about airline travel during each trimester.

Expectant parents need to know: Can you fly when pregnant?

While it's mostly OK to travel until the last few weeks of pregnancy, there are some precautions to take depending on when you decide to book a trip and how high risk your pregnancy is. Here's what you need to know before your next vacation.

Pregnancy and Flying: Your Trimester by Trimester Guide

As a general rule of thumb, most airlines will allow pregnant people to fly right up until week 36 of pregnancy, but you should absolutely do your research before booking your flight to check restrictions. You'll also want to consult with your OB-GYN or midwife before traveling—especially if you're at a higher risk for complications during pregnancy.

GETTY IMAGES

Before you travel

While you may be accustomed to planning a vacation on a whim or only packing your usual necessities, there's one extra thing you should consider doing before booking a flight during your pregnancy: Opt for travel insurance.

Should travel restrictions change, your health care provider recommends you stay home, or if you experience any concerning symptoms —like bleeding, abdominal pain, swelling, headaches, vision changes, or decreased fetal movement—you'll want to postpone or cancel your plans and see your doctor as soon as possible.

According to the ACOG, travel is not recommended for pregnant people with certain complications like preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), or who are at risk of preterm labor.

First trimester

Flying earlier on in pregnancy is actually considered pretty safe. And, no, metal detectors won't harm your fetus.

"Pregnant women can observe the same basic precautions for air travel as the general public," Raul Artal, M.D., former vice chairman of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Committee on Obstetric Practice, previously told Parents .

One thing pregnant air travelers should take extra precautions to avoid at any trimester? Blood clots, which pregnant people are 7 times more likely to develop—especially during long flights. To help minimize your risk, you can book an aisle seat, walk around every so often, and wiggle your legs and toes while seated.

And since morning sickness and fatigue might be your biggest first trimester complaints, you may want to check with your health care provider about bringing anti-nausea medicine with you.

Second trimester

According to the ACOG, "The best time to travel is mid-pregnancy (14 to 28 weeks). During these weeks, your energy has returned, morning sickness is improved or gone, and you are still able to get around easily. After 28 weeks , it may be harder to move around or sit for a long time."

If you're flying during your second trimester, it's a good idea to stay hydrated, think about wearing support stockings to reduce edema and clot risk, and make sure you've done your research on hospitals located near your destination should an emergency arise.

Carrying twins or more? Your health care provider might recommend you stop traveling earlier due to the higher risk of complications.

Third trimester

How late in pregnancy can you fly? If you're relatively healthy—and not at risk of complications like preterm labor, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, or placenta previa—then you're usually OK to travel up until 36 weeks, though some OB-GYNs may prefer you stay closer to your home near the end should you encounter any complications or in case your baby comes sooner than expected.

High-risk patients—and especially those with pregnancy-induced hypertension, diabetes, and sickle-cell disease—may be advised not to fly after 24 weeks—or not at all.

Check with your doctor before traveling at the end of your pregnancy.

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While traveling during pregnancy is generally considered safe for most moms-to-be, you’ll need to take some precautions before making any plans — and get the green light from your practitioner first.

What to Expect When You’re Expecting , 5th edition, Heidi Murkoff. WhatToExpect.com, Zika Virus and Pregnancy , October 2020. WhatToExpect.com, What to Know About COVID-19 if You’re Pregnant , February 2021. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Travel During Pregnancy , August 2020. Johns Hopkins Medicine, Traveling While Pregnant or Breastfeeding , 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 Travel Recommendations by Destination , May 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pregnant and Recently Pregnant People , May 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pregnant Travelers , December 2020. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Travel: Frequently Asked Questions and Answers , April 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 and Cruise Ship Travel , March 2020.

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What to Know About Flying While Pregnant

By Cassie Shortsleeve

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When I was about 30 weeks pregnant with my daughter, my best friend and I took a trip to Sedona. We flew from Boston to Phoenix, rented a car, drove out see the area's red rocks, hiked them just before sunset, explored the Grand Canyon , drank tequila (her) and mocktails (me), and saw psychics.

It’s a trip I’ll always remember fondly; my last before I became a mother.

Because I was in my third trimester—a time when some airlines ask for a doctor's note as a clean bill of health and friends and strangers alike ask "Are you sure you should be traveling?"—I turned to a professional before flying while pregnant. When I asked my doctor which precautions I should take while traveling, she told me, ever-so-pointedly, that pregnancy was not a disease. Because I was a low-risk patient with no prior health concerns, she prescribed me a simple plan: extra water and a higher step count on the flight, plus encouragement to enjoy myself.

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) states that “in the absence of complications, occasional air travel is safe for pregnant women,” who can (and should) travel throughout almost all of their pregnancy—but still, questions remain. Here, doctors answer the most common, to clear the air on traveling during pregnancy and making your flights a little more enjoyable.

Do you need a doctor's note to fly?

That depends. Some airlines—like Emirates or United —do require a doctor’s note to fly (after 29 weeks for the former, 36 weeks for the latter). British Airlines even restricts women from flying after the end of week 36. Others, Virgin Atlantic among them, call for a doctor's note at 28 weeks at the beginning of the third trimester. Some airlines won’t ask any questions.

A doctor's note would cover an airline from perceived liability, explains Mary Jane Minkin, M.D., a board-certified ob-gyn and a clinical professor at Yale University School of Medicine. After all, there’s an increased risk of complications in pregnancy’s third trimester and, obviously, the risk of labor increases. “Airlines want to avoid in-flight emergencies as much as possible,” says Erin Higgins, M.D., an ob-gyn at the Cleveland Clinic.

I didn’t wind up having to use the doctor’s note I asked for. But check with your airline before traveling to make sure you’re aware of their specific policies and prepared in the event you might need a note.

What (if any) are the increased risks of flying while pregnant?

In general, women with high-risk pregnancies might be advised to limit travel throughout pregnancy. High-risk pregnancies cover a broad range of factors that can include being older than 35, carrying multiples, having preeclampsia (high blood pressure in pregnancy), gestational diabetes (diabetes in pregnancy), or preterm labor (when you have contractions and your cervix begins to open between 20 and 37 weeks). But advice to stay put has less to do with risks associated with flying (as Minkin says, “airplanes are pressurized to about 5,000 feet and women in Denver do well with pregnancy”) and more to do with the fact that depending on your destination, there might not be a hospital that can handle pregnant patients, let alone high-risk pregnancies, nearby.

If you’re high-risk, your doctor will best be able to tell you what kind of travel is okay for you.

For low-risk women, there’s some worry about staying still for hours on end. “Pregnant women and recently delivered women are at high risk for getting blood clots in their legs,” says Minkin.

During flu season, there’s also obvious concern about getting sick onboard. “In some flu seasons, certain strains can be more problematic for pregnant women,” says Minkin, who points to the swine flu outbreak a few years back. No matter what, you will want to do destination research. For example, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests women planning on visiting locations with a history of Zika speak with their doctors.

For most travelers, risks to the baby from exposure to cosmic radiation ( radiation from the sun and stars ) are negligible, the ACOG says. (If you’re a pregnant pilot or part of an aircrew , it is possible to have an increased risk, so it’s best to talk to your doctor.)

When is the best time to travel?

Typically, travel during the second trimester—when first-trimester nausea and fatigue fade, (some) energy returns, and you enter a period of pregnancy that's linked with fewer complications—is most comfortable, doctors agree. Use these three strategies to feel your best in-flight:

Book an aisle seat and take regular walking breaks Even though the evidence linking swelling and blood clots in the legs with air travel during pregnancy is lacking, doctors agree that movement is important. Strolling the aisles a few times throughout a flight is enough to help keep the blood in your legs from pooling, which can increase the risk of blood clots and worsen swelling. Flexing and lengthening your ankles while seated can also increase circulation.

Carry your water bottle on Pregnant women should aim for about eight to 10 glasses of water a day , which is about two liters. Travel water bottles are an easy thing to pack in your carry-on to keep your drinks cold even on long-haul flights.

Bring a hammock for your feet Back hurt? Higgins favors a foot hammock to help alleviate lower back pain that can be exacerbated by sometimes uncomfortable seats.

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15 Tips for Traveling While Pregnant

These tips will help pregnant women travel the world in comfort and style.

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Experts share their best travel tips for expecting mothers.

Pregnancy can be a magical experience, but that doesn't mean creating new life comes without challenges. From what you wear to how you move your body to how well you sleep, pregnancy changes your day to day in myriad of ways – both good and bad.

However, that doesn't mean you should stay home and avoid travel for the entire nine months you're with child. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists says it's typically safe to travel until you're 36 weeks pregnant, so you may as well get out and see the world.

These tips can help you ensure your pre-baby travel is safe, comfortable and fun.

Travel When You're Most Comfortable

According to the ACOG, the best time for pregnant women to travel is between 14 and 28 weeks, or during the middle of your pregnancy.

The most common pregnancy problems occur in the first and third trimesters, according to the health organization. "During midpregnancy, your energy has returned, morning sickness usually is gone, and it is still easy to get around," according to the ACOG.

If you have the option to be flexible with your travel dates, steering clear of early and late pregnancy trips may save you from having to endure an unenjoyable experience.

[Read: 9 Reasons Getting Away for the Weekend is Good for Your Mental Health .]

Have a Plan B

Robert Quigley, senior vice president at International SOS and MedAire, says you should meet with your doctor and get cleared to travel before you depart on any trip. Also, take the time to research medical facilities near where you'll be staying, he says, since you won't want to have to frantically figure out where to go if you experience complications.

Early planning can include checking nearby hospitals that you contact ahead of your trip, and locating pharmacies and additional prenatal resources in your destination should you go into early labor.

"This may also include a communication plan for friends or family should they need to join you, and an evacuation plan to upgrade your care in the event of a complication," he says.

Purchase Travel Insurance

Travel writer and mom of two Natalie Preddie, who blogs at NattyPOnline.com , says you should buy travel insurance that includes medical coverage before your trip if you're visiting a destination where your health insurance won't apply.

Preddie says when she was pregnant, she had to go to a hospital in Florida during a trip because she thought her baby wasn't moving. She says she was glad her health insurance was accepted right away, but she worries what would have happened if she had to pay for a lengthy hospital stay or tests out of pocket.

Bring Your Medical Records with You

Lee Roosevelt, who works as nurse midwife at the University of Michigan – Ann Arbor, says you can gain peace of mind and expedite any medical care you might need by bringing a copy of your pregnancy-related medical records along on your trip.

"Offices can take a day or two to return a request for records, and if you need care quickly it means your team of providers [is] making decisions without knowing the details of your pregnancy," she says.

Be Proactive About Your Health

Roosevelt also says that when it comes to pregnancy, you should take steps to avoid common health problems regardless of whether you're on a trip or at home. She recommends taking plenty of walking breaks since "pregnant women are at higher risk for blood clots and prolonged sitting increases that risk."

You should try to get up and walk for five to 10 minutes every few hours if you can, even if you're on an airplane.

Roosevelt also noted that buying and wearing compression socks during air travel can help you avoid swelling, blood clots and more.

[Read: 30 Travel Accessories That Make Vacationing Easier .]

Stay Hydrated

In the same vein of being mindful about your health and wellness, drink lots of water so you stay hydrated. Dehydration can make you feel unwell and put you at risk for pre-term contractions, Roosevelt says.

Plan to bring your own refillable water bottle while you travel so you can stay hydrated no matter where you are, whether that's on the road or in the air.

Pack Healthy Snacks

Airports don't always have many healthy dining options, and what is available tends to be expensive. To save money and avoid having to nosh on empty calories, it can help to bring your own selection of sensible snacks along.

Consider packing healthy snacks like dried fruit and vegetables if you can. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services also recommends eating whole grain toast or crackers when you’re feeling nauseous or unwell, and healthy crackers should be easy to pack in your bag and bring along.

Bring Sanitizing Wipes and Gel

The ACOG says that, if you're going on a cruise specifically, you'll want to take steps to avoid norovirus – a group of viruses that can spread quickly and cause severe nausea and vomiting.

Washing your hands frequently is the best way to avoid it, but antibacterial hand gel can help you ward off germs as well. Meanwhile, disinfecting wipes are good to have on hand to wipe down airplane tray tables and arm rests.

The Government of Canada also recommends pregnant women vigorously wash their hands before eating or preparing food as well. Following these recommendations is especially important when you're in a busy airport or dining on a germ-infested airplane.

Keep Car Rides Short

If you're planning a road trip or need to drive a long distance to reach your destination, it can be beneficial to break up your travel over several days. That way, you'll only have to sit for shorter spurts of time rather than long stretches that can leave you vulnerable to swelling, blood clots and other pregnancy-related complications.

The ACOG also notes that you should buckle your seatbelt low on your hipbones, below your belly, and "place the shoulder belt off to the side of your belly and across the center of your chest."

Plan to make frequent stops so that you can get out and stretch your legs, and your car ride will be more enjoyable and keep you and the baby safe.

Book an Aisle Seat When You Fly

If you plan to fly while you're pregnant, book an aisle seat ahead of time – even if you need to pay extra for it. Having an aisle seat will make it easier for you to get up and walk around, and to head to the toilet for the many bathroom breaks you'll likely need to take.

If you can, splurge (or use points ) for business class to score some extra room.

Don't Overbook Yourself

Sightseeing is a lot of fun pregnant or not, but don't forget that your energy levels may be lower by the time you're ready to depart.

Make sure to plan an itinerary that includes plenty of breaks and downtime. You may even want to plan a relaxation-themed trip altogether, such as a spa getaway or a trip to an all-inclusive resort .

Be Choosy About Your Destination

Be mindful of seasonal weather trends and how they might work for your pregnant self. If you are planning a beach getaway in the middle of July and considering Naples in southern Florida, for example, it's smart to know ahead of time that daily high temperatures usually reach 89 degrees and humidity levels often fall in the "oppressive" or "miserable" range in the summer. Doing your research could help you find a destination with better weather, such as a beach spot with lower humidity like Virginia Beach, Virginia or Cape Cod, Massachusetts .

When it comes to trip planning, Google is your friend. Make sure you know how the weather might look no matter where you are planning to travel or you could live to regret it.

[See: 30 Relaxing Meditation Retreats Around the World .]

Pack a First-Aid Kit

There's nothing worse than being in transit for hours without supplies for headaches, heartburn and other pregnancy-related ailments. If you're prone to not feeling well at home or when you travel, you may want to bring a small first-aid kit along.

While your kit can include whatever you want, consider packing medicine for heartburn, bloating, gas and nausea – or whatever has been bugging you the most.

Check If You Need Clearance to Fly

While most airlines let you fly without question until you're up to 36 weeks pregnant, some international carriers, including Cathay Pacific and Emirates, need verification of your health from your doctor with a medical certificate before you board the plane.

If you plan to fly domestically or abroad, make sure to check with the air carriers you're considering as you organize the trip. Most airlines typically list this information on their websites, but you can also call to ask if you'll need any specific documentation.

Choose the Right Luggage

Finally, don't forget to bring luggage that's easy to move around from place to place. Spinner-style luggage on wheels is typically the easiest to transport, and you should strive to pack light (within reason) so you're not stuck lugging around all the clothing and shoes you own.

Don't hesitate to check your luggage either – especially if you have a layover to endure. The less you have to carry around, the smoother your trip should be.

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Health Encyclopedia

International travel while pregnant or breastfeeding, special considerations for traveling while pregnant.

Traveling during pregnancy is normal, and a lot of women do it. But it's important to think about potential problems that could come up during international travel. Also think about how you would get quality healthcare in the countries you are visiting. Get all of the vaccines you need before becoming pregnant instead of waiting to get them during pregnancy.

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists says the safest time for a woman to travel is in the second trimester of her pregnancy, from 14 to 28 weeks. This is the time when you will feel your best. You are also at the lowest risk for spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) or premature labor. During the third trimester (28 to 40 weeks), many healthcare providers and midwives advise staying within a 300-mile radius of home because of potential problems, such as high blood pressure, phlebitis, and false or preterm labor. Generally, women are not allowed to travel by air after 36 weeks for domestic travel, and after 28 to 35 weeks for international travel. The decision on whether to travel and how far to travel at any time during pregnancy should be a joint decision between you and your healthcare provider.

For most pregnant women, flying does not pose a risk to the fetus from cosmic radiation. But aircrew and women who often fly may exceed radiation limits.

According to the CDC, pregnant women with the following conditions may be advised against traveling to countries that need pretravel vaccines. This list may be incomplete. So discuss your health history with your provider or midwife before planning travel:

History of miscarriage

Incompetent cervix

History of ectopic pregnancy

History of premature labor or premature rupture of membranes

History of or current placental abnormalities

Threatened miscarriage or vaginal bleeding during current pregnancy

Multiple fetuses in current pregnancy

History of pre-eclampsia, high blood pressure, or diabetes with any pregnancy

History of infertility or trouble getting pregnant

Pregnancy for the first time over the age of 35 years

Heart valve disease or congestive heart failure

History of blood clots

Severe anemia

Chronic organ system problems that need to be treated 

You may also be advised against traveling to places that may have hazards. The list below may be incomplete. Talk about your travel plans with your healthcare provider or midwife before planning a trip.

Places with high altitudes

Places that have outbreaks of life-threatening food- or insect-borne infections

Places where malaria is common

Places where live-virus vaccines are needed or recommended

Healthy tips for traveling while pregnant

Here are tips for traveling while pregnant:

Try to plan ahead for any problems or emergencies that could come up before you travel. Check that your health insurance is valid while you are abroad. Also check to see whether the plan will cover a newborn, should you deliver while away. You may want to think about getting a supplemental travel and medical evacuation insurance.

Research medical facilities in your destination. Women in the last trimester of pregnancy should look for places that can manage complications of pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, and cesarean sections.

If you will need prenatal care while you are abroad, arrange for this before you leave. Talk with your healthcare provider or midwife to figure out the best way to handle this.

Know your blood type and check that blood is screened for HIV and hepatitis B in the areas you will be visiting.

Check that safe food and beverages, such as bottled water and pasteurized milk, are available at your destinations.

If flying, ask for an aisle seat at the bulkhead. This gives you the most space and comfort. If morning sickness is a problem, try to arrange travel during a time of day when you generally feel well. Seats over the wing in the midplane region will give you the smoothest ride.

Try to walk every half-hour during a smooth flight. Flex and extend your ankles often to prevent blood clots in the veins (thrombophlebitis).

Fasten your seat belt at the pelvis level, below your hips.

Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated. Aircraft cabins have low humidity.

Try to rest as much as possible while away. Exercise and activity during pregnancy are important but try not to overdo it.

Special considerations for traveling while breastfeeding

Breastfeeding gives babies the most nutritional start in life. It also gives them vital protection against certain infections. But traveling internationally while nursing can be challenging.

If you are breastfeeding only, you don't have to worry about sterilizing bottles or having clean water. You may get vaccines to protect against disease, depending on where you are traveling. But diseases such as yellow fever, measles, and meningococcal meningitis may be a threat to infants who can't be vaccinated at birth. Discuss this with both your healthcare provider and your infant's caregiver before you travel.

If you are feeding your baby formula, it's best to use powdered formula made with boiled water. You may also want to carry a supply of prepared infant formula in cans or ready-to-feed bottles for emergencies.

Breastfeeding helps lower the chance of your baby getting traveler's diarrhea. If you get traveler's diarrhea, drink more fluids and continue to nurse your baby.

Watch your eating and sleeping patterns, as well as your stress levels. This will affect your milk output. Drink more fluids. Stay away from alcohol and caffeine, as well as exposure to smoke.

If you are traveling without your infant, you will need to pump to maintain your milk supply. Check with TSA about transporting your milk on flights.

Medical Reviewers:

• Donna Freeborn PhD CNM FNP
• Heather M Trevino BSN RNC
• Michele Burtner CNM
• Ask a Medical Librarian Make an Appointment Patient Education Medline Plus: Pregnancy

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Advice for pregnant travellers.

If you're pregnant and planning to travel overseas, research your destination before you go. Consult your doctor and understand potential risks to you and your unborn child.

Being informed about the risks will help you manage them. It will increase your chance of having a great time overseas. Explore this page to learn about:

• planning for travel during pregnancy
• medications and pregnancy
• terminating a pregnancy overseas
• going overseas to give birth
• how the Australian Government can help overseas

This page is for Australians who are pregnant, or planning to get pregnant overseas. If you're looking for information about adopting a child or engaging in surrogacy, refer to surrogacy and adoption .

Planning for travel during pregnancy

Travelling when pregnant can be challenging, but there are things you can do to stay safe and comfortable and reduce your risks.

Timing your travel

Visit your doctor or obstetrician at least 8 weeks before you go. Discuss the timing and location of your trip. Check if you're allowed to travel and if they recommend travel.

If they advise against travel, don't go. Find time to travel later, when the risk has passed.

Airlines and cruise lines have specific rules on when you can travel while pregnant. If you're having more than one baby, the rules may differ again. Most airlines won't let you fly beyond 28 weeks of pregnancy.

Ask your airline or cruise line about any rules or restrictions that could affect you while in transit.

Read more about pregnancy and travel (Victorian Government Department of Health and Human Services).

Choosing where to travel when you're pregnant

Consider the risks of going overseas, including the risks to your unborn child.

You and your baby will be more at risk in some countries. Avoid countries with poor sanitation, hygiene and medical facilities. Read the travel advisory for each country you're visiting. Note the health risks.

If the travel advisory says do not travel to that country, then do not travel at this time. You're putting yourself and your unborn child at serious risk.

Things can go wrong quickly when you're pregnant. Check how close you'll be to good medical facilities. Stay within reach of hospitals and doctors.

See a doctor before you go

See a doctor at least once before you travel. Your doctor will advise what vaccines and medications you can take when you're pregnant.

If you have a high-risk pregnancy, your doctor may advise against travel. If they advise against travel, then don't go. You're putting yourself and your unborn child at serious risk.

Most airlines will ask you to show a letter from your doctor.

Buy travel insurance to cover pregnancy

You need travel insurance.

Ask your travel insurer if your policy covers:

• pregnancy, and until what stage
• IVF pregnancy, if applicable
• pregnancy complications or premature birth while you're away
• cancellation of your trip due to pregnancy or birth issues

For cover during pregnancy, you may need to pay extra. You may need medical evidence.

You may face limitations to your cover, depending on where you're going. For example, in Saudi Arabia, medical insurance won't cover pregnancy unless you're married.

Read more about travel ins urance .

Medications and pregnancy

Not all medication available over the counter or by prescription in Australia is available in other countries. Some may even be considered illegal or a controlled substance, even if prescribed by an Australian doctor.

Get the facts, before you go.

• See if your medication is legal in your destination .
• Ensure you have enough medication for your trip.
• Check with a doctor that your medication is suitable for travel.

Refer to the 'Look after your health' section on Advice for women travellers for more information. Also see our advice on travelling with medications .

Terminating pregnancy overseas (abortion)

Abortion and the law.

Abortion may be illegal in the country you're visiting.

You're subject to all local laws and penalties, including those that may appear harsh by Australian standards. Research local laws before considering an abortion.

If you're arrested or jailed for having an abortion, the Australian Government will do what it can to help you. However, we can't get you out of trouble or out of jail.

• Understand our limits. Read the Consular Services Charter .

Health care standards overseas can vary. If you choose to end your pregnancy, find a proper medical facility to help you.

Choose the safest option, not the cheapest option.

Read more about medical assistance overseas .

Medical treatment for ending a pregnancy can be costly. As with other medical procedures overseas, get a quote from the hospital first.

Find out if this procedure is covered by your travel insurance . If not, consider the cost of having this procedure overseas versus back in Australia. You may be eligible for subsidised care in Australia through Medicare.

Read more about travel insurance .

Going overseas to give birth

If you choose to give birth overseas, you'll need to check:

• healthcare costs and travel insurance
• safety and quality of care
• your budget to pay for a private hospital, if you aren't covered by the public health system via a partner or a reciprocal agreement
• any changes to your legal status, marriage and parent rights
• if you need a special visa as a medical tourist

Citizenship and passports

Giving birth overseas doesn't automatically grant your child citizenship of that country. Research local immigration and citizenship laws before you travel.

If authorities think you're planning to give birth there for visa reasons, they may refuse you entry.

In Australia

To register your child's birth with Australian authorities, you'll need to contact your state or territory registry of births, deaths and marriages (Australian Government).

Consular officials can assist with your child's passport .

There may be higher costs for processing a passport for your baby while you're overseas.

• Learn more about Australian citizenship by descent (Department of Home Affairs).

Becoming a new parent can feel overwhelming. Consider how you'll find support overseas, both practically and emotionally.

Supplies and services

Prepare ahead for how you'll travel with your new baby. Make sure you have all the medications and supplies you need.

The Australian Government can't help with medical costs or services overseas.

Learn more about medical assistance overseas .

If our travel advisory for the country in which you plan to give birth says ' do not travel ', then don't travel there. You're putting yourself and your unborn child at serious risk.

Learn more about staying safe and avoiding danger .

Consular services and pregnancy

The Australian Government is limited in how and when it can help Australians overseas.

In most cases, when you need help overseas you, or your travel insurer, must organise and pay for it.

What we can do

• We can give you a list of local medical facilities with doctors who speak English.
• We can give you a list of local lawyers who speak English.
• We can help you contact your family in Australia in an emergency.
• We can notify you when we update our travel advice for your destination . Learn more about subscriptions .

What we can't do

• We can't guarantee your safety when you travel.
• We can't pay for your bills if you need medical assistance overseas .
• We can't get you out of jail if you're arrested because you've broken a local law. Be aware laws vary greatly on abortions, medications and sex outside of marriage.
• We can't give you medical or legal advice.

Final tips before you go

Prepare before you travel:

• get medical advice, vaccinations and a health check
• know the laws about pregnancy, adoption, surrogacy and abortion overseas
• arrange adequate travel insurance and check coverage
• arrange emotional and practical support
• Read our general advice for people travelling with children .
• See information about international surrogacy .
• See information about going overseas to adopt .
• Before you go, get travel insurance that covers your pregnancy.
• See more advice on pregnancy and travel (Victorian Department of Health and Human Services).
• Read more about travelling while pregnant (CHOICE).

Related content

Information for Australians going overseas for surrogacy. Learn about types of arrangements, laws, citizenship and visas.

In many countries age, gender and sexual preferences can pose challenges. Understanding the culture and laws in your destination will help things go smoothly.

All travellers face risks overseas. In certain countries or cultures, women face greater risks than men and may be more vulnerable.

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I’m 20 weeks pregnant. Can I travel by air?

Q: I am 20 weeks pregnant and want to fly across the country for my parents' anniversary. Is it safe to travel?

A: Unless you have certain underlying medical conditions or are experiencing complications during your pregnancy, air travel within the United States is safe until you're 36 weeks pregnant. The cut off for most international airlines (determined by the airline industry as well as physicians) is 35 weeks.

If your doctor says you either have an abnormal placenta that could separate or bleed, or are at a high risk for premature labor, you should not take long flights. In the case that you do have complications with your pregnancy, you want to be able to receive immediate medical attention.

It’s important to realize that long-distance commercial flights generally cruise at an altitude of 39,000 to 41,000 feet, and that the cabin air pressure is usually maintained at a pressure similar to that which you would experience at 8,000 feet. However, pregnant women may experience an increase in their heart rate and blood pressure above an altitude of just 6,000 feet. Also pregnant women’s oxygen consumption at 6,000 feet is 13 percent lower than it is at sea level. In contrast, oxygen consumption falls just 3 percent in women who aren’t pregnant.

If you’re suffering from other medical complications — underlying heart disease, hypertension that developed during your pregnancy, poorly controlled diabetes, or sickle cell disease or trait — the high altitude could exasperate these conditions and have consequences for you and your baby. If you don’t have these health issues, then there shouldn’t be any problems.

That said, you should also take into consideration that air travel (especially in coach) inevitably means that you won’t be able to move around. Most of us just sit in our seats without even stretching our legs. Especially on long flights, these cramped circumstances can lead to the formation of venous clots in the leg, and even pulmonary embolism. The risk is small, but it is relevant to all long-distance travelers. Though no published reports have shown that pregnant women are at a higher risk for this medical complication on long flights, I don’t find that reassuring. Even when they’re not flying, pregnant women are more likely to develop varicose veins, poor venous blood flow, and clots.

So once you are up in the air, and the seat belt sign is turned off, I would suggest that you very carefully move around the cabin as much as possible and consider wearing support stockings for your flight. Finally, since you don't know when turbulence will occur, while in your seat, wear your seat belt low on your hip bone, between your abdomen and pelvis.Now some tips for feeling more comfortable on your flight. Since humidity in the cabin is very low (less than 25 percent), hydrate! We do know that dehydration can lead to contractions. I recommend drinking one glass of water for every hour of your flight. Avoid gas-producing foods and drinks before boarding the plane, since trapped gas expands at higher altitudes. You don’t want to feel scary abdominal discomfort 40,000 feet up in the air and wonder if it's a contraction or gas pain.

Dr. Reichman’s Bottom Line: If you don't have an underlying medical condition and are not at risk for premature labor, you can fly on domestic flights up to 36 weeks gestation. Just make sure you stay hydrated, move your legs as much as possible, and eat appropriately before the flight.

Dr. Judith Reichman, the “Today” show's medical contributor on women's health, has practiced obstetrics and gynecology for more than 20 years. You will find many answers to your questions in her latest book, "Slow Your Clock Down: The Complete Guide to a Healthy, Younger You," which is now available in paperback. It is published by William Morrow, a division of HarperCollins.

Help and Support

Requirements for flying whilst pregnant, 27/06/2023 • knowledge, information.

What are the requirements for flying whilst pregnant?

Flights 4 hours duration or greater You can travel up to the end of the 36th week for single pregnancies and the end of the 32nd week for multiple pregnancies (e.g. twins). Flights less than 4 hours duration You can travel up to the end of the 40th week for single pregnancies and the end of the 36th week for multiple pregnancies. Medical clearance is required if you are having complications with your pregnancy. Read more about  medical requirements for travelling while pregnant on Qantas flights or see the relevant consulate or embassy.

Was this article helpful?

Other useful articles.

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• Identification requirements for Adults, Children and Infants
• Ways to earn Qantas Points without flying
• Information about the ‘Thank you for flying with us’ offer

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Travelling while pregnant

Find useful information and considerations to help you prepare for safe and healthy travels outside Canada while pregnant.

With careful preparation, travelling while pregnant can be safe. The decision to travel should be made in consultation with your health care professional, based on your personal health circumstances.

On this page

Before you go, while you're away, if you need help.

Medical practices, health standards and infection control measures vary from country to country. You may not have access to the same level of care, procedures, treatments and medications as you would in Canada.

You could also be at increased risk of getting an infection and/or developing severe complications from certain infections, which could also affect the fetus.

Before leaving Canada:

• consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic at least 6 weeks before travelling to get personalized health advice and recommendations
• check our Travel Advice and Advisories for country-specific information, including about possible health risks
• know how to seek medical assistance outside of Canada
• review the policy and the coverage it provides
• most policies do not automatically cover pregnancy-related conditions or hospital care for premature infants
• ask your insurance provider about coverage for medical care during pregnancy, giving birth and intensive care for you and your fetus or newborn
• carry a copy of your prenatal records
• talk to your health care professional about any additional items you may want to bring that are specific to your health needs

Local laws and medical services relating to pregnancy can differ from Canada. Learn the local laws, and how these may apply to you before you travel.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

Many vaccines can be safely given during pregnancy. Due to a higher risk of more severe outcomes for you and your fetus, some vaccines are recommended specifically during pregnancy, such as tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (DTaP) and influenza.

Don’t take medications you may still have from prior trips. Tell the health care professional about your pregnancy, or intended pregnancy, before filling any prescriptions. The decision to get any pre-travel vaccinations or medications should be discussed with your health care professional.

The decision can depend on:

• your purpose of travel (e.g., tourism, visiting friends and relatives)
• your planned destination(s)
• the length of your trip
• your risk of getting a disease
• how severe the effect of a disease would be to you and/or your fetus
• your planned activities
• any underlying medical issues and/or pregnancy-related complications

Malaria could cause major health problems for a mother and her unborn baby. A pregnant woman may want to consider avoiding travel to areas where malaria transmission occurs.

Description of malaria risk by country and preventative measures.

If you can’t avoid travelling to an area where malaria is present:

• some medications to prevent or treat malaria may not be safe during pregnancy
• take extra care to protect yourself from mosquito bites

Zika virus infection during pregnancy can pose significant risks to your fetus even if you don’t develop symptoms. While pregnant, you may want to consider avoiding travelling to a country or areas with risk of Zika virus.

Latest travel health advice on Zika virus.

If you choose to travel, take precautions to avoid infection with Zika virus:

• prevent mosquito bites at all times
• protect yourself from contact with semen, vaginal fluid and blood
• always use condoms correctly or avoid sexual contact while in countries or areas with risk of Zika virus

Learn more about Zika virus and pregnancy:

• Zika virus: Pregnant or planning a pregnancy
• Zika virus: Advice for travellers
• Pregnancy and travel (tropical medicine and travel)

Monitor your health and be prepared

Emergencies can happen at any time. Know where the nearest hospital or medical centre is while you are travelling and confirm they will accept your medical insurance.

Seek medical attention immediately if you develop any of the following symptoms while travelling:

• persistent vomiting and/or diarrhea
• dehydration
• vaginal bleeding
• passing tissue or clots
• abdominal pain, cramps or contractions
• your water breaks
• excessive swelling of face, hands or legs
• excessive leg pain
• severe headaches
• visual problems

If you develop these symptoms after your return to Canada, you should see a health care professional immediately and tell them about your recent trip.

Transportation

Always wear a seatbelt when travelling by plane or car. When using a diagonal shoulder strap with a lap belt, the straps should be placed carefully above and below your abdomen. If only a lap belt is available, fasten it at the pelvic area, below your abdomen.

If you have any medical or pregnancy-related complications, discuss with your health care professional whether air travel is safe for you.

Most airlines restrict travel in late pregnancy or may require a written confirmation from a physician. Check this with the airline before booking your flight.

During long flights, you may be at higher risk of developing blood clots, known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The risk of deep vein thrombosis can be reduced by:

• getting up and walking around occasionally
• exercising and stretching your legs while seated
• selecting an aisle seat when possible
• wearing comfortable shoes and loose clothing

Your health care professional may recommend additional ways to reduce your risk such as wearing compression stockings.

Always stay well hydrated while travelling.

Land travel

The risk of deep vein thrombosis can be reduced by:

• stopping the vehicle to walk around every couple of hours

Motion sickness

Certain medications used to treat nausea and vomiting during pregnancy may also be effective in relieving motion sickness.

If you think you might experience motion sickness during your trip, speak to your health care professional about the use of these medications.

Environmental and recreational risks

Some activities may not be recommended or may require additional precautions. Discuss your travel plans, including any planned or potential recreational activities with a health care professional.

High altitude

You should avoid travelling to an altitude above 3,658 metres (12,000 feet).

However, if you have a high-risk pregnancy and/or are in the late stages of pregnancy, the highest altitude should be 2,500 metres (8,200 feet).

If you have pregnancy-related complications, you should avoid unnecessary high-altitude exposure.

Keep in mind that most high-altitude destinations are far from medical care services.

Personal protective measures

Food-borne and water-borne diseases.

Eat and drink safely while travelling while travelling. Many food-borne and water-borne illnesses can be more severe during pregnancy and pose a risk to the fetus.

This can include:

• toxoplasmosis
• listeriosis
• hepatitis A and E

To help avoid food-borne and water-borne diseases:

• before eating or preparing food
• after using the bathroom or changing diapers
• after contact with animals or sick people
• before and after touching raw meat, poultry, fish and seafood
• if you’re at a destination that lacks proper sanitation and/or access to clean drinking water, only drink water if it has been boiled or disinfected or if it’s in a commercially sealed bottle
• use ice made only from purified or disinfected water
• this could cause the fetus or newborn to develop thyroid problems
• unpasteurized dairy products, such as raw milk and raw milk soft cheeses
• unpasteurized juice and cider
• raw or undercooked eggs, meat or fish, including shellfish
• raw sprouts
• non-dried deli meats, including bologna, roast beef and turkey breast
• don’t use bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol®)
• Information on travellers’ diarrhea

Illnesses acquired from insect and other animals

Protect yourself from insect bites:

• wear light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• prevent mosquitoes from entering your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows
• use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes can’t be prevented from entering your living area
• information on insect bite and pest prevention

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. You should avoid contact with animals including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats.

Information for if you become sick or injured while travelling outside Canada.

For help with emergencies outside Canada, contact the:

• nearest Canadian office abroad
• Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa

More information on services available at consular offices outside Canada.

Related links

• Immunization in pregnancy and breastfeeding: Canadian Immunization Guide
• Advice for Canadians travelling to Zika-affected countries
• Advice for women travellers
• If you get sick before or after returning to Canada
• Receiving medical care in other countries
• Travel vaccinations
• What you can bring on a plane

Ticket for Two – International travel during pregnancy

By Stacie Dunkle

“We don’t recommend international travel during pregnancy for first-time mothers,” said my nurse midwife. Those words stopped me in my tracks. As an officer in the Epidemic Intelligence Service with three years of experience working overseas, I couldn’t believe what this nurse was telling me. Rarely a month went by that I wasn’t waiting in a security line at the airport. “Why?” I asked. I was up-to-date on all of my vaccines, even yellow fever, which I knew shouldn’t be given during pregnancy, and I was well-practiced in methods for staying healthy in developing countries (wearing seatbelts and avoiding untreated drinking water, food from street vendors, raw vegetables, etc.). I began to wonder how I was going to break the news to my supervisor that I wouldn’t be able to conduct the investigation we were planning in Nepal in two weeks. We had been preparing for over a month. Our colleagues on the ground were ready to go, and my plane tickets were already booked.

Reality Check

When my partner and I decided to have a baby, I knew that once our little one arrived, my life would change dramatically. There would be no more hopping on planes to far-off places during public health emergencies—I’d have to think about who would watch my baby and how I’d cope with potentially missing all those precious moments with him. Still, the decision was easy since I had always wanted to have children and I was finally at a point in life when the timing felt right. Pregnancy can be a difficult thing to plan, of course, so when it did happen, somehow it still felt unexpected. Even more unexpected was how much my life was suddenly changing before the baby had even arrived.

“You’ll be taking a big risk,” the nurse said. “You can’t take any of the drugs we usually prescribe to prevent malaria.” Although most pregnant women can take a drug called mefloquine to prevent malaria, I couldn’t take it because of my personal health history. I wasn’t just thinking about myself anymore; I also had to consider my baby. Because of the serious risk associated with getting malaria during pregnancy, I decided it was best to cancel my trip.

Of course, my supervisor was very understanding. He had been planning to travel to Nepal as well, and with his guidance, our partners were able to carry out the investigation on their own. Although I was disappointed to not participate fully, I changed my focus to health issues that were closer to home and still traveled quite a bit. During my second trimester, I flew to Mexico, Ohio, Michigan, Canada, Arizona, and Florida. It’s too bad I couldn’t get double the frequent flyer miles while traveling for two! During these flights, I avoided lifting heavy baggage, always requested an aisle seat, and was careful to drink plenty of fluids and walk around every 30 minutes or so. Of course, the latter was no problem since I had to use the restroom that often anyway! I enjoyed traveling while pregnant and laughed thinking that my baby would be born already familiar with the sound of jet engines and having memorized the safety features aboard aircrafts. 

The Home Stretch

When my third trimester arrived, I was offered an opportunity to travel to Lima, Peru to attend a training summit. It would be a valuable trip for me professionally because it would provide background for a project I was working on. I would be able to network with colleagues and focus my work to make it more useful to them. When I looked at the dates for the trip, I realized I would be 33 weeks pregnant upon departure and staying for a little over a week. I hesitated because many physicians don’t recommend traveling after 32 weeks, and most airlines restrict travel after 36 weeks for single, uncomplicated pregnancies. I was fortunate to have been very healthy during pregnancy and decided the trip was worth the risk, but swore I would cancel if any concerns came up before departure.

I still took a number of precautions before I committed to traveling. These included getting approval from my certified nurse midwife and reviewing CDC’s website of “ Health Information for Travelers to Peru .” My biggest concern was premature delivery in an unfamiliar country where Spanish is the primary language. My experience with Spanish is limited to high school classes and a few weeks traveling in Spain and Mexico. If I had to ask anything more than, “Dónde están los baños?” I would be out of luck; that included trying to describe symptoms I might be experiencing to a doctor. Fortunately, I have a friend who had just recently moved back to the US after living in Lima for a year. She was able to provide local English-speaking contacts and recommended an obstetrician and hospital where I could receive care. I also checked to make sure my health insurance would cover any medical expenses I might have had while travelling.

To everyone’s surprise, I went into labor six days later. My mind raced with questions. Will my baby be healthy arriving at 35 weeks? What would have happened if I had gone into labor in Peru without the support of my loved ones? After reviewing my medical records, my midwife predicted that my due date was off by at least a week and I was closer to full term than we had originally thought. My son was born the following night, completely healthy, into the loving arms of his mother, father, and grandparents. The question I kept asking myself was: if I had it to do again, would I have travelled so far knowing I was so close to delivery?

What do you think?

We want to hear from you. Have you traveled during pregnancy or had to pass on a trip because you were expecting? How has being a parent changed your career?

If you would like more information on traveling during pregnancy please visit http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2012/chapter-8-advising-travelers-with-specific-needs/pregnant-travelers.htm

15 comments on “Ticket for Two – International travel during pregnancy”

Comments listed below are posted by individuals not associated with CDC, unless otherwise stated. These comments do not represent the official views of CDC, and CDC does not guarantee that any information posted by individuals on this site is correct, and disclaims any liability for any loss or damage resulting from reliance on any such information. Read more about our comment policy » .

I was a little over 20 weeks pregnant with our first. We lived in Seoul, South Korea at the time. We were coming back to the states to visit for Christmas vacation. I was less then enthused about enduring a long 20 hour travel time haul to Boston. I have to say, we flew on Korean Air and it was a wonderfu! From my experience the flight crew on international airlines take great care of their passengers, especially the pregnant women!

Do you regret missing overseas opportunities and wish you had gotten pregnant after EIS?

(From Author Stacie Dunkle) Not at all. EIS is about developing skills to respond to disease outbreaks that occur both here in the US as well as internationally. It’s very important to me to have a balance of career and family. Thank you for your question!

We are currently a year into a journey the length of the Andes from Ushuaia to the the north of Colombia, and my wife became pregnant in Peru. We are frustrated by the lack of coherent advice available. Apart from the not at all helpful ‘Don’t go if you are pregnant’ which you encountered, we have read widely differing reports of risk levels in Colombia. Advice as to the safe altitudes varies from ‘anything above 800m to >1700m. The British seem to have Colombia as low risk for chloroquine resistant malaria anywhere outside the Amazon. The WHO have high risk areas in the Amazon AND along the pacific coast with particular pockets of danger near Panama and Venezuela. As we are travelling by vehicle the oft trotted out advice that you are safe in all cities is of no comfort to us as we have to drive between them through rural areas.

Another dilemma is what anti-malarials are safe in pregnancy. Mixed reports on Mefloquine although the CDC have just come out saying it’s safe (reflecting new FDA guidelines) despite reports of teratogenicity in rats. We tried the top three hospitals in Quito and none had anything but chloroquine despite Ecuador also having choloroquine resistant malaria. The official line from all of them is denial…that there is no malaria in Ecuador. We’re finding the same thing in Colombia…”As long as you don’t go to the jungle there’s no malaria here. Just use DEET (also contraindicated in pregnancy) and wear long sleeves and don’t go out after dusk”. My experience of the tropics is that determined mosquitoes are rarely put off by repellents for long.

If we can find mefloquine we’ll take it but we have major concerns. Data may show that there is little chance of teratogenicity or increased risk of still birth but it is well known for serious neurological side effects such as anxiety and depression and it does cross the placenta. So what affect does it have on a developing brain? No one knows. We have also read that chloroquine along with proguanil might be a safe alternative although proguanil suppresses folic acid so the advice is to take 5mg Folic acid a day which is basically an entire packet at the dosage strengths available here! It may be a blind alley anyway as we haven’t seen proguanil on sale here yet.

We are also facing up to the fact that we may also have to alter our plans due to lack of clear guidance and safeguards.

On the plus side Echo scans are very easy to get here and in these days of internet getting hold of literature on pregnancy has been no problem. Nutrition has been an problematic issue. Fruit is plentiful here which is great but salads are hard to find and even when they are they might have been washed in unsafe water. Concerns about picking up food poisoning are ramped up considerably since we knew about the pregnancy. Any further advice you can send our way would be greatly appreciated.

Sincerely Glyn Griffiths

I felt I had to be exra careful because I was an older mom. Absolutely no risk taking for me because this might have been my last chance to be a mother.

I was also lucky to be married to a man who felt I should be an at-home mom. We gave up a lot of economic advantages but we have felt it was well worth it over the years. I have worked at home on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome information retrieval for the past 15 years.

Please do not drink before, during or after your pregnancy if you are nursing. The behavioral problems caused by prenatal alcohol exposure are not worth the risk.

I think you made a good decision by cancelling your trip due to risks in the destination country.

After reading your experience I’m more in a dilema than I was before. I have a planned trip since last year to the US. It will be the end of this March and my pregnancy will come to week 11. Everything is set, ticket bought, accomodation paid and seminar fee also paid (I will attend a week seminar). My concerns are related to long travel (22hours from my country, Indonesia) and how expensive it would be in the US if anything happens. This is my first pregnancy aswell and I’m 36-year old mother to be. I don’t want to risk it…but I’m still torn in two..go or not.

@Peggy Oba: Thanks a lot for your comments and wise words.

This is a helpful story. I will be three months pregnant and am planning to travel to Galapagos and Peru with my partner and two year old. These are work trips and I really want to go, but still trying to weigh the risks. I had a normal pregnancy with my son but am considered high-risk because I am 38.

I was pregnant once and once was enough. In labor for 50 hours. I could not even imagine flying when pregnant, but “to each his own.” I asked doctor (I had already decided on a tubal after that pregnancy) if a “second would be as bad.” He said: “It could be worse.” Thus, the tubal and I have never, ever regretted it. Only wanted one child.

As an international business executive …extensive travel comes with the territory. I am an “older mom” in that my two year old son was born when I was 37. Presently, at the age of 39, my second son is due in the late Summer. I traveled fairly extensively with my now two year old and have trips to Amsterdam/London/Puerto Rico/Miami during my final trimester. The OB is completely fine with my travel and the airlines say that up to 36 weeks is fine.

With my first pregnancy, I lived in northern India. I took precautions to avoid malaria, typhus, TB, HIV, and food poisoning. I spent time in Amritsar and Delhi. My daughter is now 12 and healthy. I’m pregnant with my second and currently in Delhi, India, waiting to fly to the States for a holiday. Women here have babies, and healthy ones at that. If one takes precautions, traveling while pregnant is safe. We’ve lived in India for four years and not contracted maleria or Dengue fever. I don’t expect to now that I’m pregnant again. My point is that you can choose to be afraid or careful. Being afraid keeps you at home. Being careful allows you to make solid decisions and take calculated risks that lead can present opportunities.

I have planned to travel to India in my 13th week and return on 24th week of my pregnancy. This is my first pregnancy and I will be travelling alone. I am worried if it is safe to take a 22 hours flight and I want to know if something happens what are the services available on board. I spoke to airline but didn’t get satisfactory reply.

I am a student admitted already to do my masters in Cyprus from Africa, I just realized I will be a month pregnant when I travel. Please its really hard on me but please what advice have you for me. Am just 20 years old.

My sister has to travel out of the country in the coming week as she is pregnant I don’t want her to go at this time. She is 4 months pregnant, she anyway wants to go that is why I have booked tickets online using CouponZeta site but I still have that fear whether it is safe for her to travel at this time or not. After reading the above article I have that question am I doing any wrong thing allowing her to travel so long?

After reading your experience I’m more in a dilema than I was before. I have a planned trip since last year to the US. It will be the end of this March and my pregnancy will come to week 11. Everything is set, ticket bought, accomodation paid and seminar fee also paid (I will attend a week seminar). My concerns are related to long travel (22hours from my country, Indonesia) and how expensive it would be in the US if anything happens. This is my first pregnancy aswell and I’m 36-year old mother to be. I don’t want to risk it…but I’m still torn in two..go or not.

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