closed loop cruise to bahamas

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Closed-Loop Cruises: Everything You Need to Know

By Sue Bryant

Last updated: November 6th, 2023

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Have you ever found yourself with a few days to spare and an overwhelming desire to escape to the balmy Caribbean, or on an Alaskan adventure, then realized that you don’t have a passport, or your passport has expired? As a U.S. citizen, you can take advantage of the convenience of what’s called a closed-loop cruise—with no passport required.

What is a closed-loop cruise?

A closed-loop cruise is a cruise that departs and ends in the same U.S. port, for example, Fort Lauderdale to Fort Lauderdale, or round-trip to Alaska from Seattle.

Prospect Point in Stanley Park, Vancouver

These cruises have to meet certain criteria to qualify.  Every voyage on a ship that’s not U.S. flagged, departing from and returning to a U.S. port must, according to maritime law, visit one foreign port of call. This is why you’ll find Alaska cruises stopping in Vancouver, or Western Caribbean cruises calling in at Cancun.

To qualify as closed-loop cruises, the places these itineraries can include must be contiguous territories of the United States. That includes Mexico and Canada, because both share land borders with the U.S., and several of the islands of the Caribbean .

Do I need a passport for a closed-loop cruise?

Key West, Florida

In most cases, you don’t need a passport for a closed-loop cruise. This is one of the reasons why these itineraries are so popular. You can, of course, use your passport or passport card as an ID if you have one. But in the case of closed-loop cruises, U.S. citizens are allowed to enter or depart the country with proof of citizenship.

According to U.S. Customs & Border Protection, this includes an Enhanced Driver’s License, which is a state-issued driver’s license that provides proof of identity and U.S. citizenship; a government-issued birth certificate (issued by the Vital Records Department in the state where the person was born) or passport; and if 16 or older, a government-issued driver’s license or picture ID denoting photo, name, and date of birth.

The Enhanced Driver’s License allows you to re-enter the U.S. from Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean and is valid at land and sea border crossing but not airports.

Different documentation is acceptable for minors under 16, including an original, notarized, or certified copy of their birth certificate, a Consular Report of Birth Abroad, or a Certificate of Naturalization. Voter registration cards and Social Security cards are not considered proof of citizenship.

Falmouth, Jamaica

There are different rules still if you’re a Lawful Permanent Resident (LPR) of the U.S. While the U.S. government does not require you to have a passport, destinations on the itinerary may have different rules, so it’s always advisable to check. If you are an LPR, you’ll need your I-551, or Green Card, to re-enter the U.S. And if you’re not a U.S. citizen or a U.S. LPR, you’ll need a passport regardless of whether you’re on a closed-loop cruise or not.

If you do choose to take advantage of this opportunity to travel without a passport, there are a couple of warnings to bear in mind. Say, for example, something goes wrong and you have to return to the U.S. by air. In this case, you’d need a passport to board a flight.

Also, if you miss the ship in one of the ports, you’ll have to make your own way home or to catch up with the cruise, which could be difficult without a passport. If you book an excursion through Celebrity Cruises, that won’t happen, since the ship is guaranteed to wait for you.

What are some of the best closed-loop cruise itineraries?

Fort lauderdale to bahamas, mexico and grand cayman.

Atlantis Resort in Nassau, Bahamas

Cruise from Fort Lauderdale on the fabulous Celebrity Edge, one of the most innovative and impressive ships afloat, bound for the Bahamas and the warm, blue waters of the Caribbean. You’ll spend a day in colorful Nassau, on New Providence Island, with plenty of time to hit the powder-sand beaches, snorkel over dazzling reefs, shop for crafts in the Straw Market, or enjoy an adrenaline rush on one of the dramatic water slides at the glitzy Atlantis Resort.

After a day at sea to enjoy the ship and its magnificent Resort Deck, you’ll arrive at Puerto Costa Maya, Mexico . A vast array of choices beckons here, like relaxed tubing at the freshwater Bacalar Lagoon, where you’ll drift over cenote-fed water that’s an astonishing shade of aquamarine.

Or you could try rafting, sail-and-snorkel tours, and even a healing session with an authentic shaman. There’s Mayan history here, too, at the Chacchoben Ruins, a short drive from the port.

Watch: Discover Cozumel With Celebrity Cruises

From Cozumel , you could join an excursion to the magnificent Mayan ruins at Tulum set against a backdrop of the turquoise sea. Try a salsa and margarita-making masterclass, or paddle a glass-bottomed kayak over rainbow-colored reefs.

This seven-night cruise also calls at Grand Cayman , where you can experience dazzling white beaches, pristine reefs, and unusual wildlife encounters, like swimming among stingrays in the warm, shallow waters of Stingray City.

Browse Caribbean Cruises on Celebrity Edge

Seattle to Alaska, the Inside Passage, and Dawes Glacier

Celebrity Solstice

Spend seven nights exploring the wild beauty of Alaska on Celebrity Solstice , the perfect ship for such dazzling scenery, with its abundance of outside space and top-deck Lawn Club.

You’ll visit pretty Ketchikan, from where you could join a bear-spotting tour, try kayaking, join an expedition to fish for king crab, or just explore the colorful town. Next, there’s a full day slowly cruising the 30-mile Endicott Arm Fjord , past tumbling waterfalls and chunks of floating ice that have broken off the magnificent Dawes Glacier, a 600-foot tall wall of blue-white ice. The spectacle of this vast river of ice meeting the sea is a highlight of the day.

Mendenhall Lake in Juneau, Alaska

You’ll also visit Juneau , the perfect spot for whale-watching, hiking, and thrilling flightseeing trips over snow-covered mountains. In Skagway, you’ll have the chance to ride the spectacular White Pass and Yukon Route railroad, heading high over rugged passes, following the trail of hardy prospectors from the Gold Rush days.

As Celebrity Solstice heads back to Seattle, there’s a day on board to relax as the ship threads its way through the narrow channels of the Inside Passage , between forested islands and rock-strewn beaches, with great opportunities for spotting whales and bears from your vantage point on deck.

There’s also a call at historic Victoria on Canada’s Vancouver Island, where you can experience a pleasing blend of elegant, British colonial architecture, cool shops, and craft breweries before you return to Seattle.

Browse Alaska Cruises on Celebrity Solstice

Los Angeles to the Mexican Riviera

Watch: Discover the Mexican Riviera With Celebrity Cruises

Sail round-trip from Los Angeles to the glamorous Mexican Riviera on the recently revolutionized Celebrity Millennium. From buzzing Puerto Vallarta, you could join a whale-watching tour, browse the arty stores, or kick back at the beach to enjoy the soft sand and azure waters of the Pacific.

At Cabo San Lucas , there’s more whale-watching along the wild, rocky coast, or watersports ranging from kayaking to snorkeling. Explore the Art District and old adobe buildings in nearby San Jose del Cabo, or explore the Baja desert on a 4×4 off-road adventure.

Read: Where to Go Whale Watching in Mexico

From Ensenada, you could snorkel over underwater rock formations at Todos Santos island, or join a wine tasting tour to Calafia Valley, Mexico’s wine-growing region. Closer to port, join a walking tour of the cosmopolitan town to sample tequila and tacos .

Read: Best Things to Do in Ensenada

Celebrity Millennium Suite

You’ll have three full days at sea on this itinerary to soak up the Pacific sunshine and enjoy Celebrity Millennium . Why not upgrade to The Retreat for a true taste of luxury? You’ll enjoy a luxurious suite and dine in the beautiful, fine dining Luminae restaurant, exclusive to guests of this tranquil enclave.

Browse Mexican Riviera cruises on Celebrity Millennium

Fort Lauderdale to Key West, Belize, and Grand Cayman

Set sail from Fort Lauderdale on the brand new Celebrity Apex , the second in Celebrity Cruises’ award-winning Edge series. You’ll spend a day at quirky, colorful Key West, where you can try stand-up paddleboarding or join a cycling tour through the palm-lined streets of this happily eccentric place. Explore Ernest Hemingway’s former home, and don’t miss a chance to sample the island’s iconic key lime pie.

Tropical Belize is all about adventure, from cave tubing to ziplining high above the rainforest canopy. Mayan antiquities have been absorbed by the forest, making their setting even more dramatic. Visit mysterious Lamanai, one of Mesoamerica’s largest ceremonial sites, or join a tour to the ancient hilltop ruins of Xunantunich and the temple of El Castillo.

Read: Unforgettable Adventures in Belize

Stingray City in George Town, Grand Cayman

This cruise also visits the beach paradise of Cozumel , for all manner of watersports, shopping, and sizzling Mexican cuisine. There’s even a chance to join a taco-making class.

Celebrity Apex then sets a course east to the island of Grand Cayman, famed for its magnificent beaches and marine life, like the tame stingrays that congregate around the Stingray City sandbar waiting to be fed tidbits of squid.

Celebrity Edge Magic Carpet

You’ll have one more day at sea to soak up the tropical sun on deck and enjoy the many features of the ship. Lounge at the Magic Carpet with a cocktail; this multipurpose platform is cantilevered over the side of the ship, with water on three sides, so you’ll feel as though you are flying. Or relax in the leafy serenity of Eden, or dine al fresco in the lovely Rooftop Garden Grill.

Browse cruises to Key West, Belize & Grand Cayman on Celebrity Apex

Cape Liberty to Bermuda

Charge your champagne glass and raise a toast to Lady Liberty on this seven-night voyage from Cape Liberty, New Jersey to chic Bermuda and back. As your ship, Celebrity Summit, edges out of port, you’ll have magnificent views of the Manhattan skyline as you sail right past the Statue of Liberty and then out under the iconic Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge, setting a course south-east to balmy Bermuda .

Jobson’s Cove Beach, Bermuda

Here, on this enchanted island where the sand is pink and the policemen wear knee-length shorts, you’ll have two and a half days to explore, which means two overnight stays .

There’s plenty to do, from snorkeling to golf, exploring the shops and galleries in Hamilton, the pastel-hued capital, and visiting the island’s forts. Hike the historic Railway Trail, consisting of 18 miles of scenic pathway following the course of an old railroad line.

Set sail on a catamaran trip at sunset, or join a pub crawl of Hamilton’s bars after dark. One of the most unique things to do in Bermuda is to sample a Dark ‘n’ Stormy, the powerful local specialty made of dark rum with ginger beer and a slice of lime.

Browse Bermuda cruise itineraries

Fort Lauderdale to Puerto Rico, St. Thomas, and St. Kitts

Old San Juan, Puerto Rico

Sail to the sun on Celebrity Apex, departing Fort Lauderdale, Florida for vibrant Puerto Rico , where an afternoon and evening in port mean you’ll see two faces of charismatic San Juan. Explore the chunky fortress, Castillo San Felipe del Morro, and the brightly colored streets of Old San Juan, or visit the Bacardi distillery to learn about and sample the famous rum.

Mount Liamuiga, St. Kitts

You’ll find plenty of military history at St. Kitts , like the rugged Brimstone Hill Fortress, a massive compound built by the British in 1690. This tiny island packs a real punch, with an enormous variety of things to do.

Trundle through the sugarcane fields on a scenic train journey, or hike Mount Liamuiga, a dormant volcano at the island’s center. Learn how to make your own gourmet truffles at a chocolate workshop. Visit neighboring Nevis and see the birthplace of Alexander Hamilton, one of the founding fathers of the U.S.

At Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas , you’ll find it impossible to resist exploring the crystal-clear water via snorkeling, kayaking, or sailboat. For an afternoon basking on the gorgeous Honeymoon Beach, the lush, low-key island of St. John is an easy hop across the water.

Browse itineraries to Puerto Rico, St. Thomas, and St. Kitts on Celebrity Apex

Celebrity Apex

Start planning your closed-loop cruise today and browse cruise itineraries on our website.

Sue has been writing about cruising for 20 years and is lucky enough to have sailed all seven continents. She lives in London, where she is cruise editor of The Times and The Sunday Times newspapers, as well as a freelance contributor to magazines and websites worldwide.

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Must-Know Tips for a Perfect Bahamas Cruise

By Carnival Cruise Line

The Bahamas is a destination synonymous with laid-back living, and it’s no wonder why. The islands are blessed with crystalline seas, soft sand and warm, gentle breezes that caress and soothe even the most stressed-out soul. Whether you enjoy absorbing yourself into a new culture or have snorkeling and parasailing in mind, you’ll find plenty to do — and a cruise to The Bahamas maximizes your enjoyment of your vacation. When more than half the fun is getting there, your vacation starts the minute you step aboard ship.

Ready to plan your cruise? Here’s what you need to know:

Best Time for A Bahamas Cruise

The temperatures in The Bahamas are steadily warm year-round, so you can enjoy days in the 80s for most of the year, though wintertime temperatures may hover in the high 70s. You might see some rain during the summer, though most storms blow through quickly.

With good weather year-round, you’re free to take your own schedule into account when planning your trip. A summertime cruise is ideal for families with children who are on school vacation, while winter cruises are ideal for anyone looking to escape a snowy climate. If your schedule is flexible, traveling in the spring or fall can help you beat the crowds.

Pro Tip: Carnival cruise ships sail to this popular destination year-round, so the best time to go to on a cruise to The Bahamas is whenever it works for you!

Where Do You Want to Depart From?

There are many ports of departure to choose from when cruising to The Bahamas:

• Baltimore, MD
• Norfolk, VA
• Charleston, SC
• Fort Lauderdale, FL
• Jacksonville, FL
• Port Canaveral/Orlando, FL

When choosing a port, you should consider the relative ease of arrival and the possibility of extending your vacation to explore the port city before or after your trip. Look for discounts on direct flights to save, and consider arriving a day early so that you won’t be stressed about getting to the ship on time.

As you plan, make sure your itinerary includes transportation to the cruise terminal and that you arrive well ahead of time for your departure. Carnival makes things easy with airport transportation , so you can just relax and enjoy the ride.

Do You Need a Passport to Cruise to the Bahamas? 

Though most foreign travel requires that you have a valid passport to come back home, cruising makes it easier to enjoy your vacation without worrying about this paperwork. If you are a US citizen, you can take a “closed-loop cruise” (one that begins and ends at the same port) to The Bahamas without a passport. Instead, you’ll need to present another proof of citizenship such as a birth certificate and a government-issued photo ID.

Of course, if you have a valid passport, you are welcome to use it on your cruise as well.

Bahamas Port Highlights 

Whether you’re traveling solo, as a couple, with your family or with a group of friends, you’re sure to find the perfect port of call in The Bahamas:

• Half Moon Cay : If you’ve always wanted your own private island, Half Moon Cay is the destination for you. Enjoy kayaking, horseback riding and the opportunity for private island accommodations.
• Freeport : Love nightlife? Freeport is the center of the action in The Bahamas, and you’ll find plenty of music, dancing and bars to fill your evenings. Fishing, diving and Jet Ski adventures round out the daytime activities.
• Nassau : A cruise to Nassau is the classic Caribbean vacation — and one of the best ways to experience the culture of The Bahamas, from calypso music to local fish fries. Want to swim with dolphins? You can do that, too.
• Princess Cays : This is the perfect destination for families, with a BBQ pit and designated play area for little ones. This private resort has everything you need for fun in the sun, including bikes, snorkeling equipment and more.

Wondering what to do once you get to your port of call? Carnival offers a wide range of shore excursions that get you up close and personal with the scenery and culture of The Bahamas. You’ll have your choice of activities that bring you wonderful things to eat , water sports, adventures and more.

Bahamas Itineraries 

As you plan, consider how long you’d like your vacation to be. You can cruise for as short as two days or as long as a week, depending on which ports you’d like to visit. If you have limited time, you may wish to narrow your options by duration first. If you’re flexible on the timing, you have the leeway to research itineraries based on things to do and places to visit in each port of call.

What to Pack

Packing for a cruise to The Bahamas doesn’t have to be hard. The consistently warm weather means that you can leave bulky layers behind and pack for fun in the sun. We’ve compiled this Bahamas guide for packing to help you get started:

• Shorts and/or casual skirts
• Bathing suits
• T-shirts/tank tops
• Lightweight, long-sleeve shirt
• Lightweight pants
• Sun hat with a wide brim
• Formal attire for nightlife
• Insect repellent
• Favorite toiletries
• Lightweight sweater for evenings

If you forget anything, you’ll be able to replace it by hitting the shops aboard ship, so go ahead and pack lightly!

Traveling to The Bahamas is an exciting vacation that allows you to enjoy beautiful scenery and a vibrant local culture, all while getting the rest and relaxation you crave. When you follow these Bahamas cruise tips, it’s easy to plan the perfect trip.

Note: Onboard activities, shore excursions, and dining options may vary by  ship  and destination.

Related articles

Bahamas fun.

https://www.carnival.com/cruise-to/bahamas-cruises.aspx

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Do You Need a Passport for a Bahamas Cruise?

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Cruising has had a rough few years, with increased travel restrictions and plummeting demand due to the pandemic. Now that the majority of countries are open again, many travelers are thinking it’s time to jump back on board. If you’ve never taken a cruise but are interested in traveling by ship, you may be wondering, “Do you need a passport to go on a cruise to the Bahamas?” 

The answer to this question depends on a number of things. Let’s take a look at whether you need a passport for a Bahamas cruise, what other types of documentation you can use and how it differs when you’re flying versus cruising.

Cruising to the Bahamas

For those who are unfamiliar with cruising or the Caribbean, the Bahamas is a frequent destination for these behemoth ships. This nation of islands is conveniently located just off the coast of Florida, near Miami, which makes it an easy destination no matter the length of your cruise. 

For this reason, you’ll see plenty of cruises taking off from Florida, stopping off in the Bahamas, then looping back and docking in the United States. 

» Learn more: Tips for getting the best deal on your next cruise

Do you need a passport for a Bahamas cruise?

So, do you need a passport to cruise to the Bahamas? In most cases, U.S. citizens won’t need one. This is because the majority of cruises that you’ll find taking off from the U.S. and heading down to the Bahamas operate on a closed loop. Closed-loop cruises are those that take off from a U.S. port, visit at least one foreign port of call and then return to that same port.

There is an exception to the closed-loop rule: If your ship will be docking in a foreign country that requires a passport to enter, you will need to carry one on board. In order to find out if you’ll need a passport for any of your destination countries, check with your cruise company.

Even if you are on a closed-loop cruise, though, you will still need to bring identification documentation in lieu of a passport.

» Learn more: Is cruise travel insurance worth the cost?

What you need for a Bahamas cruise

If you’re sailing on a Bahamas cruise that’s closed loop and isn’t visiting any countries that require a passport, you don’t necessarily need to bring one with you — there are a few different identification options available to you.

According to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, you’ll still need to provide some proof of U.S. citizenship. This can take the form of an Enhanced Driver’s License , a passport or a government-issued birth certificate. Additionally, you’ll need to bring a government-issued ID with your photo, name and date of birth. 

It’s important to note that this documentation is only valid for reentry to the United States through a sea or land border crossing — it won’t work for air travel.

If you’re bringing a birth certificate for proof of citizenship, it must be issued by the Vital Records Department of the state in which you were born. A hospital certificate of birth or baptismal papers don’t qualify. 

For non-U.S. citizens

If you’re not a U.S. citizen, do you need a passport to cruise to the Bahamas? Lawful permanent residents will be able to reenter the U.S. with a valid green card, but they will likely require a passport (and maybe even a visa) to visit any ports of call — including those which do not require passports of U.S. citizens. 

Other non-U.S. citizens will require a passport or documentation specific to the status they’re seeking when entering the U.S., though there are some exceptions for those traveling to the U.S. on the Visa Waiver Program.

Be aware that these requirements only dictate reentry into the United States. You’ll want to research entry regulations for your destination country or countries before you leave to ensure you have proper documentation on hand.

» Learn more: How to get your first passport

Cruising versus flying

It’s important to understand the information provided above is limited to either land or sea border crossings. This means that if you’re heading to the Bahamas by air, you’re going to need to bring your passport to reenter the U.S. 

If you have a passport, you may want to consider bringing it with you on your cruise even if it’s not required. Here’s why: Say you accidentally miss boarding the ship after your land excursion and need to take a flight back to Miami. In this case, your closed-loop cruise will have been interrupted and you’ll need your passport to get back into the United States.

Don’t have a passport and still want to fly somewhere special? Consider heading to a United States territory, such as the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa or Guam. 

» Learn more: How much does a cruise to the Bahamas cost?

When you need a passport for a cruise

Cruising further from the u.s..

There are occasions when you’ll need to bring your passport for a cruise. If you’re cruising outside of the U.S. — such as a jaunt through the Mediterranean — you’ll need to have your passport with you. 

Certain repositioning cruises

You’ll also need a passport for cruises that begin and end in different ports, even if they’re both in the United States. 

A good example of this is a repositioning cruise from Miami to San Diego. During different seasons, cruises will often sail one-way routes from one port to another in order to reposition their ships.

If you board in Miami, make a few ports of call, sail through the Panama Canal and end in San Diego, you’ll need to bring your passport. 

» Learn more: Cruises might be a surprisingly affordable way to visit the South Pacific  

In case of medical emergencies

In general, it is preferable to have a passport with you — especially in the event you need emergency medical care and have to stay in a foreign country, for example.

Purchasing cruise travel insurance can also mitigate the risks of travel emergencies.

Even better, you might not have to pay for coverage out-of-pocket. Book your trip with a credit card that includes travel insurance coverage as a perk and you'll have some peace of mind, even without additional coverage.

Other closed-loop cruises

The Bahamas isn’t the only place you can cruise without needing a passport. Plenty of locations are available to you as long as they maintain that closed-loop system. Other cruise destinations where you don’t need a passport may include:

Various ports in Mexico, such as Baja, Cozumel or Ensenada.

The Caribbean.

The Caribbean includes over a dozen different countries and territories, so don’t think that you’re limited. Your options range from Barbados to Grand Cayman, Jamaica, Aruba and more. 

» Learn more: The best cruise lines

If you want to cruise to the Bahamas 

There are plenty of reasons to take a cruise, including great food, plentiful activities and lots of sunshine. If you’re looking for a Bahamas cruise, you’ll want to be aware of the documentation requirements for your trip. 

As long as you're on a closed-loop cruise, you’ll be able to skip the passport in favor of other government-issued IDs.

However, depending on your cruise’s itinerary and the destinations you’ll visit, you may be subject to different regulations. Always be sure to double-check before departure to ensure you have everything you need. 

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Hot Topic: Surprise Cruise Reveal Ideas

Complete Guide to Closed-Loop Cruises (and Open Jaw Itineraries)

Cruising, as you may know, is one of the best ways to explore the world’s coastlines and nearby cities. But what if you lack a passport or your passport has expired? Exactly what are the passport requirements to cruise? 

As a United States resident, you may benefit from the ease of a so-called closed-loop cruise and not need a passport for a cruise vacation at all. Let’s dive in.

Disclosure: This page has affiliate links, meaning we may earn a small commission if you click the link and proceed with a purchase  at no cost to you . We truly only recommend cruises, experiences, products, and services we personally use. As Amazon Associates, we earn from qualifying purchases.

What is a Closed Loop Cruise? 

First, let's define a closed loop voyage. 

The itineraries of closed-loop cruises begin and end in the same port. For purposes of this conversation, that port is in the United States (even though the term “closed loop cruise” could be used to describe a cruise that starts and ends in the same city in another country). 

Think of it like a closed circuit, with the ship literally closing a geographical loop, even if that loop is an imperfect shape. However, along the route, you might stop at a few other places, either in the United States or abroad. 

The benefit of taking these “round-trip cruises” is that American travelers don’t necessarily need a passport as long as the trip begins and ends at the same U.S.A. port. However, you must understand the nuances of the itinerary you choose if you don’t have a passport, even if you have a travel agent to help guide you. 

That’s why we stress how imperative it is to read the detailed information below about identification requirements.

Closed Loop Cruise Origins

So how did closed-loop cruises come about? Well, in order to comply with U.S. maritime rules and the Passenger Vessel Services Act (also known as the Jones Act), all foreign-registered cruise lines leaving from American ports are required to include a port abroad. 

Nearly all cruise ships are foreign-flagged, so they must stop outside the nation. ( US River Cruise ships are an exception to the foreign-flagged generalization.) These destinations are usually contiguous United States territories such as Mexico, Canada, Bermuda, and the Caribbean islands.

Example of a Closed-Loop Cruise

Here’s an example of a closed-loop cruise itinerary that starts and ends in a United States Cruise Port :

• A 4-night cruise departs from the Port of Miami in Florida.
• It makes a port of call in Nassau, in the Bahamas…
• …then sails onto Half Moon Cay.
• The cruise returns to Miami to disembark, where it departed from. 

Disney Cruise Line has a very similar 3-day or 4-day itinerary, usually departing from Port Canaveral, which is on Florida’s Space Coast near Cape Canaveral . It leaves, returns to Port Canaveral, and stops at Disney’s Castaway Cay island and Nassau in between. 

While these 3 or 4-day itineraries are considered short, there are plenty of longer sailings with more Port of Call available across many cruise lines. 

Most of the itinerary options are on bigger ships with 1,500+ passengers. 

If a Cruise Starts and Ends in the United States but From Two Different Ports, is it a Closed-Loop Cruise?

No. If a cruise starts in San Diego but ends in Los Angeles, for example, it is an open-jaw cruise, not a closed-loop cruise. 

Another example: If a cruise starts at Port Everglades in Fort Lauderdale but ends in the Port of Miami, it is not a closed-loop cruise.

What is an Open Jaw Cruise or Itinerary? 

Perhaps you’d prefer to explore beyond the destinations of a closed-loop cruise. 

A cruise that departs from one port and arrives/ends at a separate port of call is known as an “Open-Jaw Cruise.” Sometimes they’re referred to as “Open Loop” or “Repositioning” cruises. 

While these ocean trips on the high seas require a passport, you can access many more countries. 

On a map, such a trip may appear as a triangle or an “open jaw.” For example, you may do a yacht cruise on the Mediterranean as we did that departs from Athens, explores Greece, then heads to Sicily and ends on mainland Italy, and takes a flight home from Rome.

Without geographic restrictions, ships with an open itinerary can travel farther and often stop at more ports. This may also entail visiting places that other cruises would not have the time or ability to visit, such as more exotic locations.

Do you Need a Passport for a Closed Loop Cruise? 

A passport is typically not required for a closed-loop cruise for United States citizens if the cruise starts and ends in the same U.S. port. 

For example, this has made Hawaiian Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands, and Alaska cruises very popular.

You Need Valid Government Identification, Even if Not a Passport

However, valid identification to board the ship is required; you must also show that identification upon reentry to the US. Such ID includes proof of citizenship and a government-issued ID. If you happen to have a valid passport, it’s the only ID required.

Shop for Cruise document Holders

Stay organized with a dedicated container, book, or pouch for all your cruise documents, including your identification.

Ensure that this remains in your carry-on bag as you embark and disembark the ship.

Check it out >

What Documentation Is Needed For A Closed-Loop Cruise? 

Nervous about going on a cruise without a passport? While it’s true that you don’t need a passport for most US closed-loop cruises, you must present two forms of ID to board a closed-loop cruise ship. 

These forms of ID should be carried with you when you disembark at each port of call. 

Two Forms of ID

As we mentioned, adults must have two ID forms to board a cruise if they don't have a passport. The two documents must fall under the two categories listed below.

1. Proof of Citizenship

One form of ID must be your proof of US citizenship. For example, this can be a government-issued birth certificate. 

2. Government-Issued ID with Requirements 

The second acceptable piece of identification must be a government-issued ID with your photo, full name, and date of birth. A driver’s license will suffice.

U.S. Customs and Border Protection offers a comprehensive list and details the criteria for taking a cruise without a passport, including what constitutes a government-issued photo ID.

Always check to see the latest details of the requirements before you book your cruise, while you await your cruise, and about four weeks before your cruise to make sure you’re good to go. 

While U.S. Customs recommend an Enhanced Driver’s License (EDL) as a passport alternative, very few states offer this form of government-issued ID. 

It’s also important to mention that as an ID, driver’s licenses are only accepted at land border crossings and sea border crossings, not airports for international destinations. You can also only use a valid driver’s license to re-enter the United States from Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean.

Closed-Loop Cruise Documentation

• Voter registration card/ID
• Social security card
• Baptismal papers
• Hospital certificates of birth

Enhanced Driver's License vs. Real ID

Is a Real ID the same thing as an EDL? No. It is not.

The short answer is that EDLs can be used for limited border crossings and is only available in specific border states. Whereas a Real ID is available in all states, it cannot be used to cross borders like an EDL or passport.

A Real ID does not have an additional cost to obtain. It differs from previous driver's licenses because it shows a star icon in the top corner of the license.

An EDL is only offered in a handful of states and costs an additional $30.

The Department of Homeland Security states the following about an EDL:

Enhanced Drivers Licenses (EDLs) are state-issued enhanced drivers licenses that provide proof of identity and U.S. citizenship. They are issued in a secure process, and include technology that makes travel easier. EDLs are a low-cost, convenient option for entering the United States from Canada, Mexico or the Caribbean through a land or sea port of entry, in addition to serving as a permit to drive. DHS Enhanced Driver's Licenses: What Are They?

EDLs are only available to residents of the following states:

Real IDs are available in 55 states and territories, however, it is not a viable document to cross a border, including for international sea cruise travel.

REAL ID cards cannot be used for border crossings into Canada, Mexico or other international travel. From “Real ID FAQs” on the Department of Homeland Security

Children Under the Age of 16

For children traveling under the age of 16, a variety of forms of identification, including an original birth certificate or a copy that has been notarized or certified, a Consular Report of Birth Abroad, or a Certificate of Naturalization, are acceptable. 

What is Not Acceptable as a Form of ID? 

As per the US Government's regulations, documents proving voter registration and social security cards are not recognized as proof of identity. 

Lawful Permanent Residents

There are specific rules if you are a Lawful Permanent Resident (LPR) of the United States. 

Even though the US Government doesn’t mandate that you need a passport, it is always advisable to double-check as some locations along your cruise journey may have various requirements, including having a visa. 

If you are an LPR, you must have your I-551, or Green Card, in order to re-enter the US. 

A valid passport from your nation of residence is required if you’re not a U.S. citizen or a LPR of the United States of America.

Closed-Loop Cruises: Popular Port Cities from the United States 

U.S. departure ports are plentiful, from coast to coast.

The most popular port cities on the East Coast are Miami and Fort Lauderdale in Florida, the Port of Miami, and Port Everglades, respectively. 

On the West Coast, San Francisco sees the most cruise ships pass through every year. Quite a few other city ports are offering closed-loop cruises from the US, so let’s take a look.

West Coast Closed-Loop Cruises

An Alaskan cruise is one of the most popular closed-loop cruise options in the US. If departing from the United States, Alaska cruises depart from Seattle, San Francisco, or Los Angeles. They often stop in Vancouver, British Columbia (in Canada), to pick up more cruise passengers.

Mexican Riviera and Hawaii closed loop itineraries are accessible from the West Coast, departing from the cities of San Pedro and Long Beach, San Francisco, and San Diego.

East Coast Closed-Loop Cruises

If you’re looking to head somewhere warmer such as the Bahamas, look to sail from: 

• Florida: Either from Jacksonville, Fort Lauderdale’s Port Everglades, the Space Coast’s Port Canaveral, the Port of Miami, or Tampa.
• Maryland: Baltimore.
• Northeast and New England area: Manhattan in New York City, Cape Liberty in New Jersey, or Boston, Massachusetts.
• Texas: Galveston.

Some of these itineraries even stop in Bermuda if you take a closed loop cruise from Boston, Manhattan, Baltimore, or Cape Liberty. 

Of course, you can’t forget about a Caribbean cruise! There are quite a few port options if you want to travel to the warm waters of the Caribbean Sea. The main cruise port options with itineraries sailing there are from Port Canaveral, Manhattan, Port Everglades, Baltimore, Charleston, New Orleans, Cape Liberty, Galveston, or Tampa. 

Popular Cruise Lines Offering Close Looped Cruises

Though cruise ships and their contracted ports of call may change annually, here’s a list of cruise lines and expected ports they sail from. 

Princess Cruises

Princess is one of our favorite cruise lines for a mature audience! It’s not great for traveling with kids but if you’re adults, it’s a wonderful option.

With Princess Cruises , you can travel to Grand Cayman, Puerto Rico, Mexico, or the Bahamas from the United States. They operate many cruises from Fort Lauderdale or off the West Coast, where you can sail from Los Angeles to Mexico or Hawaii.

In fact, we sailed on a wonderful closed-loop California itinerary that stopped in San Francisco, San Diego, Santa Barbara, and Ensanda before heading back to Los Angeles. 

Celebrity Cruises

Fort Lauderdale and Miami, Florida, are popular ports for Celebrity Cruises . You can travel to Mexico, the Bahamas, and the Caribbean from here.

It’s another one of our favorite cruise lines, offering class and sophistication to a generally younger audience than Princess Cruises.

We absolutely love their class offerings – our favorite is “in “ The Retreat ” – and recommend booking a suite if you sail with Celebrity. 

Disney Cruise Line

Who doesn’t love a Disney cruise, especially when you can sail to Bermuda, the Bahamas, or the Caribbean with all your favorite characters? But even if the characters don’t pique your interest, sailing as adults, only, is always fun with Disney. We’ve cruised on DCL without kids many times! 

Castaway Cay, Disney's private island, is an incredibly popular destination that only Disney Cruise Line sails to.

Most Disney Cruises in the United States set sail from the East Coast, with the most popular ports being Port Canaveral and Miami. However, there is often a west coast cruise itinerary each year, like from San Diego. 

Holland America Line

The majority of Holland America Line (HAL) closed loop cruises leave Fort Lauderdale and head to the Caribbean. But if you’re looking for an incredible Alaskan experience, head out west to Seattle and catch a trip to The Last Frontier with HAL.

Royal Caribbean 

An incredibly popular cruise line, Royal Caribbean departs from 14 ports across the US. The most popular closed-loop itineraries leave from Port Canaveral and Miami, where they sail to the Caribbean and the Bahamas.

People love to visit Coco Cay, Royal Caribbean’s private island.

Norwegian Cruise Line 

Despite its name, many cruises with Norwegian actually depart from the US. Amongst their popular itineraries is a Hawaiian closed-loop cruise from Honolulu, that tours around the Hawaiian Islands. 

To visit the Bahamas or the Caribbean with Norwegian Cruise Line, choose the Port of Miami as the departure port.

Carnival Cruises

Miami, Galveston, Tampa, and Port Canaveral are the port of call where most closed-loop Carnival Cruises sail from. The top itineraries for all three ports will lead you to the incredible island nations of the Caribbean.

MSC Cruises

Dip your toes in Caribbean sand when you set sail from Port Canaveral or the Port of Miami. MSC Cruises offers hundreds of closed loop cruises each year.

Margaritaville at Sea

If you want a very short, low-cost cruise option that sails from the Port of Palm Beach, look into Margaritaville at Sea . 

Closed-Loop Cruises in Popular European Cities  

The United States isn’t the only region that offers closed loop cruises. Numerous cities in Europe also have such itineraries, although they aren’t always referred to as a closed loop cruise in marketing material. 

Rather, you’ll see terms like “return trip cruise” or “two-way cruises.” Check each itinerary very closely. 

However, it’s worth noting that while these cruises are technically closed-loop, because they start and end in the same port of call as our Emerald Cruises did in Amsterdam in The Netherlands, you need a passport to sail in Europe or Asia, for example, if you’re a United States citizen traveling abroad. You’ll also need a passport to fly there at an international airport.

One of the closed itineraries growing in popularity in Europe is a cruise to Iceland. Departing and ending at Rotterdam, in The Netherlands, you’ll get to explore this true wonder of the world. Cruises to Iceland also commonly include a port of call in Ireland as well.

The port of Civitavecchia in Rome, Italy, also offers a number of return trip cruises. These itineraries include stops in Greece, Turkey, and Italy. Or you can sail in a loop from the port of Ravenna in Venice, Italy, to see cities in Italy, Croatia, and Greece.

MSC offers popular cruises in the Mediterranean with return trips from Marseille, France . On these journeys, you will stop in places such as Genoa, Palermo, Ibiza, Valencia, Barcelona, and Naples.

Closed-Loop Cruises FAQs

What are the advantages of a closed loop cruise.

There are many, especially if you don’t have a passport!

What are the Disadvantages of a Closed Loop Cruise?

The main disadvantage is that fewer ports of call are available to you. Along with this, depending on your taste and travel preferences, your experience diving into different cultures and historical sites is lessened if you can only explore closed-loop cruise options. 

How Do I Know If My Cruise Is Closed-Loop? 

Two main things indicate if your cruise is closed loop and you won’t need a passport  (but don’t forget – you need other valid identification): 

• For Americans looking to travel without a passport, the first piece of information to note when investigating whether or not a cruise is closed-loop is if it departs from and arrives back at the same US port. 

In order for it to be considered a closed-loop cruise that you don’t need a passport for the ship must leave and return to the same exact American port. 

• The second criterion to check for is: Are all ports of call on the itinerary within the Western hemisphere? 

Today, the majority of cruises that are closed-loop and you don’t need a passport for as a US citizen are within the Western Hemisphere only.

The idea of a closed-loop cruise originated with the creation of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) . 

The objective of WHTI was to enhance and fortify American border security after 9/11 in 2001. However, there was also the added objective of streamlining and improving entry procedures into the United States. Several aspects of the initiative also deal with easing entry for residents of Bermuda, Canada, and Mexico. 

Can You Leave the Ship on a Closed-Loop Cruise Without a Passport?

The answer is yes and no. It depends on the port of call. 

It’s important to check the itinerary for your trip because there are a few places, even on a closed-loop cruise, that do require a passport to disembark. This is particularly common in the Caribbean in nations including Guadeloupe, the island of Martinique, St. Barts, Barbados, and others. 

Below is a list of Caribbean nations you can travel to without a passport on a closed-loop cruise (meaning you can disembark the ship if your cruise ship stops there and you do not have a passport):

• Antigua and Barbuda
• British Virgin Islands
• Cayman Islands
• Dominican Republic
• Netherlands Antilles
• St. Kitts and Nevis
• St. Vincent and the Grenadines
• Turks and Caicos

If you travel to any of these countries without a passport, however, it’s a good idea to take your valid forms of ID with you when you walk around the port in case you encounter any problems. 

Precautions to Keep in Mind Traveling Outside the United States Without a Passport

Keep a few things to keep in mind if you travel on a closed-loop cruise without a passport. 

Imagine, for instance, that something goes awry, and you need to fly back to the United States from a foreign country for a medical emergency. In this situation and in the case of an emergency, you will need a passport in order to travel through an international airport and board an airplane traveling internationally.

Additionally, without a U.S. passport, getting home or catching up with the trip could be challenging if you miss the ship in one of the ports.

An Enhanced Driver's License (EDL) allows you to re-enter the United States from Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean. However, an EDL is only accepted at land and sea border crossings, not for air travel.

A closed loop cruise is a wonderful sea travel option for United States residents and citizens who want a vacation in multiple cities without needing a passport. (It’s an especially good option if you’re waiting for your new passport to arrive and you’re aching to go on a cruise, asap!) 

However, there are things to be aware of when you’re looking into going on a closed-loop cruise from the United States. With the important information we have provided here, you’ll be an informed traveler who can make the best decision for your’s and your family’s next cruise.

Interested in cruises? Read this next:

• River Cruise vs Ocean Cruise: What’s the Difference?
• How to Decide the Best Cruises to Book
• Guide to Mississippi River Cruises: Discover The Heart of America

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Where can I find information concerning actual open jaw/repositioning cruises please? All I saw here was a definition of what they are…………..

Hi John – there are an innumerable amount of cruises available and they’re constantly changing in availability and price, so it’s hard for us to list them out in an article like this. That is why, instead, we help people understand what they are. Then, you have the tools to research open-jaw or closed-jaw cruises on your own on any of the dozens and dozens of cruise line websites. If you go to any website for a cruise and search by port, you can find the itinerary. If it starts and ends in different ports, it’s considered an open-jaw cruise. Best of luck! – Mikkel

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Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative

What is the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI)?

WHTI is the joint Department of State (DOS) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) plan to implement a key 9/11 Commission recommendation and the statutory mandates of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (IRTPA). IRTPA, in part, required the DHS and DOS to develop and implement a plan to require all travelers, U.S. citizens and foreign nationals alike, to present a passport or other acceptable document that denotes identity and citizenship when entering the United States.

What is the goal of requiring secure documents?

The goal is to strengthen border security while facilitating entry into the United States for U.S. citizens and legitimate international travelers, making the process more efficient and convenient.

What types of documents are accepted for entry into the United States via air?

• U.S. citizens can present a valid: U.S. Passport; Trusted Traveler Program card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST); U.S. Military identification card when traveling on official orders; U.S. Merchant Mariner document when traveling in conjunction with official maritime business. Note that children are also required to present their own passport when traveling by air. (note: The Indian/tribal card can NOT be used for air travel).
• Requirements for lawful permanent residents of the United States are not changed by the implementation of WHTI. Lawful permanent residents must continue to present a valid Permanent Resident Card. A passport is not required.

What types of documents are accepted for entry into the United States via land and sea?

• U.S. citizens can present a valid: U.S. Passport; Passport Card; Enhanced Driver’s License; Trusted Traveler Program card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST); U.S. Military identification card when traveling on official orders; U.S. Merchant Mariner document when traveling in conjunction with official maritime business; or Form I-872 American Indian Card, or (when available) Enhanced Tribal Card.
• U.S. and Canadian citizen children under the age of 16 (or under 19, if traveling with a school, religious group, or other youth group) need only present a birth certificate or other proof of citizenship. The birth certificate can be original, photocopy, or certified copy.
• WHTI does not affect U.S. Lawful Permanent Residents, who are still required to present their permanent resident card (Form I-551) or other valid evidence of permanent residence status.
• Canadian citizens can present a valid passport, Enhanced Driver’s License, or Trusted Traveler Program card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST).
• Bermudian citizens are required to present a valid passport.
• Mexican citizens, including children, are required to present a passport with visa, or a Border Crossing Card.
• U.S. citizens on closed-loop cruises (cruises that begin and end at the same U.S. port) are able to enter the United States with a birth certificate and government-issued photo ID. Please be aware that you may still be required to present a passport to enter the countries your cruise ship is visiting. Check with your cruise line to ensure you have the appropriate documents.

What is an enhanced driver’s license?

State-issued enhanced drivers licenses (EDLs) provide proof of identity and U.S. citizenship, are issued in a secure process, and include technology that makes travel easier. They provide travelers with a low-cost, convenient alternative for entering the United States from Canada, Mexico or the Caribbean through a land or sea port of entry, in addition to serving as a permit to drive.

The Department has been working with states to enhance their driver’s licenses and identification documents to comply with travel rules under the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI), effective June 1, 2009.

How do I get a passport?

United States citizens can visit the State Department’s travel website or call the U.S. National Passport Information Center at (877) 4USA-PPT; TDD/TTY: (888) 874-7793.

What if I don’t have the required documents when I travel to or return to the United States?

Travelers without WHTI-compliant documents are likely to be delayed at the border as CBP officers work to verify identity and citizenship.

Ever Heard of a Closed-Loop Cruise? Here’s What to Know About These Unique Sailings

A lesser-known rule allows u.s. travelers to sail to some international destinations without a passport as long as they are on what is known as a “closed-loop cruise.”.

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You don’t need a passport to sail through Canadian ports en route to Alaska as long as you start and end your cruise at the same U.S. port.

Photo by Heather Shevlin/Unsplash

A closed-loop cruise is a cruise that departs from and returns to the same U.S. port and remains in the Western Hemisphere. As such, it does not require the passengers to have a U.S. passport—even if the itinerary visits some international ports along the way.

According to U.S. Customs and Borders Protection (CBP), rules established by the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative require that U.S. citizens who are traveling abroad hold a valid passport—unless they are on a closed-loop cruise. Those sailing on a closed-loop cruise can enter or leave the country with an alternative proof of citizenship, such as a government-issued driver’s license or birth certificate.

If your sailing does not end at the same port where you began—for instance, if you are thinking of booking a one-way Panama Canal itinerary from San Diego, California, to Miami, Florida—you will need a passport. And be aware that some Caribbean islands (more on this in the Caribbean listing below) do require a passport, which means your cruise line will require a passport before you board the ship if you are sailing to a destination that independently requires it.

Do kids need a passport for a closed-loop cruise?

Kids do not need a passport if they are sailing on a closed-loop cruise. If there is a passport requirement, each person in your party needs to have a passport, including infants and toddlers. All cruises throughout the world that sail in destinations outside the United States and that are not closed-loop cruises require a passport.

What form of I.D. do you need for a closed-loop cruise?

If you are on a closed-loop cruise that begins and ends at the same port in the United States and visits Canada, Mexico, or much of the Caribbean, you do not need a valid passport. According to CBP, all you need is documentation proving you are a U.S. citizen. In lieu of a passport, you can present these alternative documents on a closed-loop cruise:

• Enhanced driver’s license, which is a state-issued driver’s license that provides proof of U.S. citizenship (currently available only to residents of Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Vermont, and Washington)
• Government-issued driver’s license
• Government-issued birth certificate
• Official certificate of naturalization

Where do closed-loop cruises sail?

Closed-loop cruise itineraries that do not require a passport include:

• Alaska: Cruise to Alaska on closed-loop sailings that typically start and end on the West Coast, stopping in Canada along the way.
• Bahamas: There are numerous closed-loop cruises to the Bahamas from ports up and down the Eastern Seaboard.
• Bermuda: Sail to Bermuda on closed-loop cruises from East Coast ports, including Baltimore, Boston, New York City, and Port Canaveral, Florida.
• Canada: You can sail round-trip to Canada on a closed-loop cruise from Boston, New York, and New Jersey.
• Caribbean: Start and end your Caribbean sailing in ports like Miami, Fort Lauderdale, or Tampa in Florida; Mobile, Alabama; New Orleans; or Galveston, Texas. Keep in mind that some islands—including Martinique, Guadeloupe, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, and St. Bart’s—do require a passport.
• Mexico: Sail down to Mexico on a closed-loop western Caribbean cruise from Florida ports, New Orleans, or Galveston, or to the Pacific side of Mexico to destinations such as Cabo San Lucas, Puerto Vallarta, and Mazatlán from California ports—without a passport. Belize and Honduras, which are sometimes included on these itineraries, also waive their passport requirements for cruise ship passengers.

The risks of not bringing a passport on a closed-loop cruise

Even though a passport is not required on a closed-loop cruise, there’s a reason why cruise lines often strongly encourage passengers to bring a passport. While you are in a foreign port, if you run into any problems and need to cut your trip short and fly home, you will need a passport to fly back into the United States—passports are required for international air travel. It can also be an issue if you miss your embarkation due to a flight cancellation or delay and need to fly to an international port of call to catch up with your cruise.

Protect Your Trip »

Here's when you need (and don't need) a passport to cruise.

It's the type of sailing – closed-loop or open-loop – that largely determines whether or not you need a passport to cruise.

Do You Need a Passport for a Cruise?

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A passport isn't always required for cruising.

To determine whether or not you need a passport to cruise, you first need to figure out if the itinerary is closed-loop or open-loop (also known as open-jaw).

Closed-loop cruise: A closed-loop cruise typically doesn't require a passport since it begins and ends in the same U.S. port (though there are some exceptions to this rule).

Example: Royal Caribbean International 's seven-night Western Caribbean & Perfect Day cruise stops in several countries – the Bahamas, Jamaica, Haiti and Grand Cayman – but the itinerary is considered closed-loop because it starts and ends in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

Open-loop cruise: An open-loop cruise begins in one U.S. port and ends in a different U.S. port.

Example: Carnival Cruise Line 's 16-day Panama Canal from Seattle itinerary is not considered closed-loop because it departs from Seattle and completes its journey in New Orleans.

All of the above regulations have been determined by the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative: a plan by the departments of State and Homeland Security that determines which documents are acceptable for proving identity and citizenship when entering the United States.

Where to cruise without a passport

There are several destinations where you can cruise without a passport on a closed-loop sailing. They include the following:

• The Bahamas

When looking at cruises to these locations, be mindful of the home ports. The Bahamas, Mexico, Bermuda, the Caribbean and Canada are all foreign ports, which means they only qualify for the passport exception if they are a stop along your cruise itinerary . If the cruise originates in any of these countries, it is likely you will need a passport.

Since Alaska, Hawaii and New England are all U.S. destinations, any closed-loop routes departing from these locations will not require a passport. However, keep in mind that it can be hard to find closed-loop cruises originating in Hawaii or Alaska.

To find closed-loop itineraries for a Hawaiian voyage or Alaskan cruise , try searching for sailings departing from major cities on the West Coast, like Seattle or Los Angeles . By contrast, quite a few closed-loop cruises leave from New England ports, but they are often marketed as Canadian cruises.

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Travel tips, vacation ideas and more to make your next vacation stellar.

When you need a passport for closed-loop cruises

Some cruise itineraries include foreign ports that require a passport for disembarkation. This is most commonly an issue for travelers on a closed-loop Caribbean cruise. Barbados , Guadeloupe , Haiti, Martinique , St. Barts , and Trinidad and Tobago all require U.S. citizens to present a valid passport to disembark and enter the country, despite WHTI regulations not requiring a passport for these destinations. Labadee, Royal Caribbean's private island , is an exception and does not require a passport despite its location in Haiti.

If your itinerary includes a country requiring a U.S. passport, your cruise line will require you to have the passport at check-in. Note that your passport must not expire within six months of your arrival in a foreign country or else it won't be considered valid for international travel.

Read: The Easiest Way to Renew Your Passport

Acceptable forms of ID

All travelers – U.S. citizens and foreign nationals alike – must present documents that show identity and citizenship when entering the United States. A U.S. passport can show both. If you don't have one or don't want to bring one, be aware that you may need to present more than one document.

U.S. citizens 16 and older

If you're a U.S. citizen age 16 or older sailing on a closed-loop cruise without your passport, you will need a government-issued photo ID like a driver's license. In addition, you must present a document that proves your U.S. citizenship. These include:

• Passport card
• State-issued enhanced driver's license (EDL)
• Government-issued birth certificate
• Trusted Traveler Program card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST)
• American Indian Card (Form I-872) or Enhanced Tribal ID Card

The Trusted Traveler Programs are risk-based programs to facilitate the entry of travelers who have been vetted and preapproved. Most of these programs will provide you with a machine-readable card that allows you to pass through border checkpoints quickly. Keep in mind, some of these IDs are only available to travelers 16 and older.

Read: TSA Precheck vs. Global Entry

U.S. citizens younger than 16

U.S. citizens younger than 16 are only required to present proof of citizenship, such as one of the following documents:

• Original, notarized or certified copy of their government-issued birth certificate
• Consular Report of Birth Abroad issued by U.S. Department of State
• Certificate of Naturalization issued by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

Read: How to Get a Passport for Kids

Non-U.S. citizens

If you are a lawful permanent resident (or LPR) of the United States, you are required to present a permanent resident card or other valid evidence of permanent residence status.

Non-U.S. citizens, with the exception of Canadians and Mexicans, are not subject to passport exceptions, so a valid passport will need to be provided. Canadian citizens can present a valid passport, Enhanced Driver's License or Trusted Traveler Program card. Mexican citizens must present a passport with a visa or a Border Crossing Card.

Unacceptable forms of ID

While most common forms of identification are accepted, there are a few exceptions. U.S. military identification cards and U.S. Merchant Mariner documents are valid forms of identification, but only when traveling on official orders or in conjunction with official maritime business, so it is unlikely they will be accepted when traveling on a cruise.

Here are some other documents that will not be accepted as proof of citizenship:

• Voter registration cards
• Social Security cards
• Baptismal papers
• Hospital certificates of birth (for anyone older than a newborn)

It is important to note that many of the permitted forms of identification, such as a passport card or EDL, are only accepted at land and sea border crossings. Unforeseen circumstances, such as a medical air evacuation, may cause you to return to the U.S. by air travel. In this case, these documents won't be accepted when you try to reenter at the border crossing.

To avoid extra delays in your return to the U.S. following unforeseen travel complications, the Department of State recommends that everyone taking a cruise from the United States carry a valid passport book in case of emergency.

Why Trust U.S. News Travel

Erin Vasta has traveled extensively to international destinations, gaining a deep knowledge of travel regulations in the process. Her expertise in this area has saved her family and friends from unnecessary travel delays and ensured stress-free trips through border security in nearly 15 countries. To write this article, Vasta used her international travel experience and research skills.

You might also be interested in:

• The Top Passport Holders
• Cruise Packing List: Essentials to Bring
• Safe at Sea: The Best Cruise Insurance

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Do You Need a Passport for a Bahamas Cruise?

Disclosure: This post may contain affiliate links. We may receive compensation when you purchase via my links at no cost to you. See my disclosure for more information.

• You need a passport for a Bahamas cruise unless you are a U.S. citizen on a closed-loop itinerary.
• American citizens can use alternative forms of I.D., such as a birth certificate and government-issued photo I.D.
• We recommend bringing a passport regardless of any passport exemption for cruise ships.

You’re planning a cruise to the Bahamas and wondering if you’ll need a passport. It’s not always required, but it’s highly recommended. While some forms of I.D. are accepted, having a passport can simplify your travel.

The rules vary depending on your nationality and mode of transport. Let’s dive into the specifics to ensure you’re fully prepared for your Bahamian adventure.

Table of Contents

You don’t necessarily need a passport for a Bahamas cruise . U.S. citizens sailing on a closed-loop cruise departing and returning to the same U.S. port don’t need a passport to cruise to the Bahamas. Most Bahamas cruises are closed-loop sailings, which means you won’t need a passport if you’re a U.S. citizen.

U.S. citizens can use alternatives like an Enhanced Driver’s License or a birth certificate coupled with a government-issued photo I.D. instead of a passport card.

However, there are considerations to keep in mind.

Some countries require all cruise passengers to carry a passport . If your itinerary includes a call in a port that requires a passport, you’ll need to bring your passport on your cruise vacation.

Even with these alternatives, carrying a passport is still beneficial. Unexpected circumstances, like missing the cruise ship and needing to fly back, would require a passport. Air travel from the Bahamas to the U.S. requires a valid passport.

Bringing a passport on your Bahamas cruise is a safety net, giving you peace of mind during your trip.

While the exemption applies primarily to U.S. citizens, non-U.S. citizens have different requirements. Lawful permanent residents need a valid green card to reenter the U.S. Entry regulations for other foreign nationals vary, so researching beforehand is crucial to avoid complications.

The benefits of a closed-loop cruise extend beyond passport exemptions. They offer opportunities to explore other Caribbean destinations, like Jamaica and Barbados, without needing additional documents.

Required Travel Documents

You’re about to embark on an exciting journey, but first, let’s talk about the necessary travel documents you’ll need.

For U.S. Citizens

As a U.S. citizen, having a passport for a Bahamas cruise is not always necessary. American citizens can use alternative travel documents instead of a travel passport on closed-loop cruises.

But, it’s crucial to understand specific conditions:

• You need proof of U.S. citizenship, such as an Enhanced Drivers License or a government-issued birth certificate.
• You also need a government-issued I.D. with a photo.
• These documents are valid for reentry through sea or land border crossings only.
• Some countries may require a passport if the ship docks there.

Don’t forget rules might change, so always check with U.S. Customs & Border Protection for the latest information.

For Lawful Permanent Residents

For lawful permanent residents, it’s important to note that a valid green card is necessary for reentry into the U.S. If you’re planning a Bahamas cruise, you must ensure your green card’s validity before departure.

Some countries in the Bahamas also require Lawful Permanent Residents to have a passport.

Be aware of the specific entry regulations for your ports of call during the cruise. Remember, Visa Waiver Program exceptions might not apply in all situations, so it’s wise to verify this information.

For Non-U.S. Citizens

Non-U.S. citizens require a passport or other travel documents to enter the U.S., though there are some exceptions through the Visa Waiver Program. Port-of-call regulations can vary, so checking the specific requirements before you start your journey is crucial.

• Non-U.S. citizen requirements : You might need a valid passport or visa to enter the Bahamas. Some countries are exempt, but it’s best to verify this beforehand.
• Visa requirements : Depending on your nationality, you may need to apply for a visa before your trip.
• Cruising regulations : Cruise lines often have their own set of rules, so make sure to confirm with them directly.
• Port of call regulations : Each destination has unique entry requirements, so research each port of call on your itinerary.
• Getting to the Embarkation Port : If you’re cruise begins or ends in the United States, you’ll likely need a passport to enter, especially when arriving by air.

So, do you need a passport for a Bahamas cruise? The answer is not always, but it’s better to be safe than sorry.

Always check with the U.S. Department of State for current travel advisories and requirements.

Remember, a safe and well-prepared traveler makes for a memorable vacation.

Marcello De Lio

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My family takes our passports whenever we travel. On a cruise a passport is a must. We’ve found that using our passports with airlines seems to help us speed through TSA.

Absolutely! I’ve never sailed without my passport. I don’t know about speeding up TSA processing. But I definitely agree that it’s always best to cruise with a passport, even when you don’t need one.

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What is a Closed-loop Cruise?

Have you ever had a couple of weeks to kill and a burning need to fly off to the Caribbean or Alaska on an adventure, only to learn that you either don’t have a passport or that it has expired when you get there? A “closed-loop” cruise is an option that is advantageous for those who are citizens of the United States since it does not need a passport.

It’s possible that you’ve heard the phrase “closed-loop cruise” thrown about in the context of sailing and been interested in what it means. Even though it has something to do with the locations on the calendar completing a complete circle, there is more to the tale than that.

Closed-loop cruises are those that depart from and return to the same U.S. port. Excursions of this kind may range from a round-trip from Seattle to Alaska to a cruise from Fort Lauderdale to Fort Lauderdale. These cruises need to meet a slew of criteria before being accepted.

According to maritime law, any trip on a ship that is not flagged by the United States and that begins and ends in a port in the United States is required to make at least one stop at a port located outside of the United States. Cancun is a common port of call for Western Caribbean and Alaska cruises for the same reason that Vancouver is a common stop for Alaska cruises.

The itineraries of these cruises must cover only contiguous regions of the United States in order for them to be considered closed-loop vacations. This includes Mexico and Canada both of which share land borders with the United States, as well as a number of the islands that are located in the Caribbean.

Do You Need a Passport for a Closed-loop Cruise?

A closed-loop cruise is one that does not need you to have a passport for the majority of its passengers. This is among the main reasons why people choose to go on these kinds of vacations. 

If you already have a passport or a passport card, you are free to use any one of those items as a form of identification. However, in the instance of closed-loop cruises, United States residents are permitted to depart or enter the nation so long as they provide confirmation that they are a citizen.

Things need to Verify Citizenship

An Enhanced Driver’s License, which is a state-issued driver’s license that delivers individuality evidence and U.S. nationality. A government-issued birth certificate or passport can also verify the identity of a person while traveling on a cruise. If the person is older than 16 or 16 years old, a government-issued driver’s license or picture ID defining headshot, name, and date of birth. 

If you have an Enhanced Driver’s License, you may re-enter the United States from Canada, Mexico, or the Caribbean and it is acceptable at land and sea border crossings but not at airports. However, you cannot use it to fly into the United States.

What Are Some of the Best Closed-loop Cruise Itineraries?

Closes loop cruises attracts many tourists to visit place to place with in the time period. Some of the best closed loop cruises are:

1. Fort Lauderdale to Bahamas, Mexico, and Grand Cayman

Take a trip to the Islands and the clear, coastal weather of the Caribbean aboard the luxurious Celebrity Edge, one of the most cutting-edge and magnificent vessels now sailing the seas. Your trip will depart from Fort Lauderdale. You will spend the day in vibrant Nassau, which is located on New Providence Island.

During this time, you will have lots of time to explore the powder-sand shorelines, scuba gear over sparkling oceans, mart for artisans in the Straw Market, or experience excitement on one of the tremendous water activities at the glitzy Atlantis Hotel.

You will arrive at Puerto Costa Maya, Mexico, after a day at sea during which you may make the most of the ship and her exquisite Resort Vista. Swimming in the tranquil waters of the pristine Bacalar Lake, where you will float over cenote-fed water which is an incredible shade of aquamarine, is just one of the many options that await you in this area.

You may also go canoeing, sail and dive trips, or even have a therapeutic treatment with a real shaman if that sounds more your speed. Chacchoben Ruins, which are located within a short distance from the port, are home to Mayan artifacts and history.

2. Seattle to Alaska, the Inside Passage, and Dawes Glacier

Enjoy seven days aboard the Celebrity Solstice discovering the untamed grandeur of Alaska’s Inside Passage. This ship is ideal for such magnificent surroundings thanks to its plenty of outdoor area and upper Lawn Lounge.

You will go to the lovely community of Ketchikan, where you will have the opportunity to go on a journey to look for foxes, attempt your hand at kayaking, go on an adventure to hunt for king crab or simply wander about the town and take in all of its vibrant sights. Following that, you will spend a whole day gently sailing the 30-mile Endicott Arm Fjord. 

You will also go to Juneau, which is a wonderful place to go whale watching, trekking, and on exhilarating flightseeing adventures over mountain ranges blanketed in snow. In Skagway, you’ll have the opportunity to ride the breathtaking White Pass and Yukon Route train, which will take you high up and over some rough peaks as it retraces the path of courageous explorers who traveled during the Gold Rush.

Before making your way back to Seattle, you will make a stop in the historically significant city of Victoria, which is located on the island of Vancouver in Canada. Here, you will have the opportunity to enjoy a delightful combination of tasteful British colonial design, hip stores, and artisanal brewpubs.

1. How do I tell if my cruise is closed-loop?

Closed-loop cruises are those that begin and conclude in the local harbor in the United States; for instance, traveling around Fort Lauderdale would qualify as an instance of a closed-loop trip.

The Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative, which mandates that cruise passengers traveling inside the Americas must be in possession of a valid passport, establishes the parameters for closed-loop cruises.

2. Can a felon go on a closed-loop cruise?

Yes, convicts are permitted to go on cruises with either a closed or open loop, depending on the kind of voyage. On the other hand, the prerequisites for going on an open-loop cruise are far more stringent than those for closed-loop cruises.

To leave and enter the United States while on a closed-loop cruise, all you need is evidence of nationality, such as your birth card. This is the case even if you are a citizen of the United States.

3. Do Carnival Cruises allow birth certificates as proof of citizenship?

The Carnival Company possesses a significant number of the most well-known cruise companies in the market at the present time. The types of documentation that are required in order to go on a trip will typically vary from cruise line to cruise line.

For instance, Carnival Cruise Line claims that the birth document doesn’t have to be certified or signed, however, Royal Caribbean Line insists that all papers, including the birth certificate, need to be original or signed and sealed. Before you set sail, you should always check in with your cruise operator.

4. Do Minors Need A Passport To Go On A Closed Loop Cruise?

In most cases, children under the age of 16 who are traveling with a parent or guardian do not require a passport; nonetheless, you must bring at least a birth document with you as evidence of nationality.

Additionally, several cruise companies mandate that children remain either in the exact same room as their parents or guardians or in a cabin that is close to their cabin.

Nevertheless, any child who is traveling solo or with an individual who isn’t their parent or guardian requires the appropriate papers demonstrating their identity and authorization to voyage by themselves. This includes authorization to go aboard a cruise ship. If there is no one in the party who is at least 21 years old, it is extremely vital to get a documented letter of agreement from the legal guardian or parent.

This consent denotes that the child has been given permission to travel alone, which may seem restrictive, but it helps prevent questions of culpability in the event that the minor is injured or is involved in an incident.

A closed-loop cruise is one of the best options for couples but anyone can enjoy it. A different cruise experience and a better traveling experience and one of the best ways to pass time.

Angel Portillo is an experienced tourism professional who has worked in the travel industry for many years. He has extensive knowledge of the different destinations that are popular among tourists, and is able to provide tips and advice on how to make the most of your visit. His passion for travel is evident in her writing, which is full of interesting and descriptive details about the different places he's visited.

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• Cruise Tips / Cruising

Four Reasons You SHOULD Cruise With A Passport Even If It’s Not Required

by Prof. Cruise · March 15, 2024

Introduction: Is A Passport Required To Cruise?

One of the most common questions I receive from Americans is:

Am I required to have a passport to cruise?

In most cases, the answer is no. Why? Because the vast majority of cruises sailing from United States ports are closed loop cruises, meaning they depart from and return to the same U.S. port. United States citizens sailing on closed loop cruises, even if visiting foreign ports (which they all have to do by law), can usually sail with both a valid form of U.S. government I.D. (if under 16, this isn’t required) and a certified birth certificate (or certificate of U.S. naturalization) in lieu of a passport.

*Cruisers should ALWAYS double, triple, quadruple check the document requirements of their specific cruise line and itinerary!*

However, even if you can cruise without a passport, should you ? While ultimately the decision is yours and you have to consider your unique circumstances and the level of risk you’re comfortable with, here are four reasons you should consider cruising with a passport, even if one isn’t required:

Four Reasons To Cruise With A Passport

1. you can’t fly home from a foreign country without one.

While nobody on a closed loop cruise from an American port expects to need to fly home from a foreign port, it does happen, probably more than you would expect. Here are four scenarios that would necessitate you fly home from a foreign port:

• You become seriously ill on your cruise and must receive medical treatment at a hospital on land in a foreign country.
• You’re injured on the ship, on an excursion, or in an (auto, boat, plane, helicopter, ATV, etc) accident at port and must receive medical treatment at a hospital in a foreign country. I listed this one separately because often young, healthy people don’t expect to need medical treatment on a cruise. However, accidents and injuries happen, some serious, that might land you in a foreign hospital for treatment because they are beyond the capabilities of a ship medical center.
• You miss the ship at your last port of call. I’ve cruised well over 50 times and on nearly every cruise I’ve either observed “pier runners” (late passengers running up the pier trying to catch the ship before it sails away without them) or heard a cruise director announcement near sail away time asking that so and so passengers kindly contact guest services (this means those passengers have not been scanned back on the ship yet and they are double checking to see if there is an error with the ship’s scanning machines or records or if those passengers really aren’t back onboard). Many factors can lead to missing the ship that are totally out of your control. Unexpected traffic delaying the return of your excursion or tour, an accident or mechanical breakdown, a stopped watch (oops!), you drank too much and passed out on the beach in a puddle of your own urine and vomit (okay, that one’s on you and we really don’t want you back onboard anyway). The point is, it happens. And it’s not always within the cruiser’s control.
• A close family member or friend back home suffers a medical emergency or dies suddenly. This is one most people don’t think about (or want to think about), but it does happen. Let’s say you’re on day 2 of a 7 day cruise and you receive a frantic and/or devastated message from a loved one back home that someone close to you is critically ill or injured or has passed away. You can’t or don’t want to wait another five days to get to them. Having a passport could be a matter of being able to say goodbye to a dying loved one or not. Or being there to grieve and make arraignments for a loved one who has already passed.

So, what happens if I get stuck in a foreign port on my cruise without a passport? In that situation you would need to contact the United States embassy. They would assist you in securing a passport, allowing your return to the United States. However, you may be waiting a long time and responsible for accommodations and additional expenses while you wait. Yes, getting a passport is an expense (especially for a large family) and a hassle, but by comparison it’s nothing!

*A note on Canada. While you can cross the Canadian/United States border with a passport card or enhanced driver’s license via car, bus, or train, United States citizens cannot fly into or out of Canada without a passport book . I mention this because of an unfortunate situation I witnessed on a one-way cruise itinerary my family did from Honolulu to Vancouver. A couple on our cruise had passport cards, but no passport books. They’d booked non-refundable return plane tickets from Vancouver to Iowa and were turned away at the airport. They had to scramble to book a bus from Vancouver to Seattle (which is where we met them) and then last minute (very expensive) plane tickets from Seattle to Iowa. This error cost them thousands of dollars and a great deal of stress and hassle. For those wondering about docking in Victoria, BC on a closed-loop cruise from Seattle or Los Angelos, you will be permitted to sail and visit Victoria with a government issued photo I.D. (for those 16 and over) and a certified birth certificate (but again, I urge everyone to travel with a passport for the reasons I discuss in this article).

2. You’ll Spend Less Time Waiting In Line On Debarkation Day

While I love almost everything about cruising, there’s one big disadvantage to cruising over most land-based vacations. Lines. Lines to check in and board on embarkation day. Lines to disembark and re-board the ship at port. Lines for dining venues and onboard activities. And lines to disembark on the last morning. So why add another, unnecessary line to the list? Once off the ship on debarkation day, every passenger must be processed through customs, even on closed-loop cruises that depart and return to the same United States port. Those with passports will be directed to one area and, with new facial recognition technology, will usually sail right through very quickly (sometimes not even needing to show their passport). However, those without a passport will be directed to a (sometimes looooong) line to present their alternative documents.

3. You’ll Be Able To Participate In Certain Excursions

I’ve become somewhat of an Alaska cruise expert, having cruised there dozens and dozens of times on every cruise line and itinerary and one of the questions I’m asked most often is: do I need a passport to cruise to Alaska? While all of the information I’ve presented so far usually applies to Alaska cruises (but please double check with your cruise line), there is one additional consideration. Even if you’re on a closed loop Alaska itinerary, many popular excursions from Alaska ports (especially Skagway) actually travel up into Canada and require a passport.

4. It Will Open Up More Cruise Itineraries

While most first-time cruisers choose a closed-loop cruise to the Bahamas, the Caribbean, or Mexico, having a passport will open up so many more itineraries. I rarely cruise to those three destinations anymore, instead opting for longer, more interesting one-way itineraries or itineraries departing from foreign ports. While it can be a bit intimidating to branch out, I strongly urge you to get a passport so you can try something outside your normal cruising comfort zone. Once you do it for the first time and see that it’s not as challenging or expensive as you expected, it literally opens up the whole world to you.

And with that…

Class Dismissed!

Today’s Bonus Cruising Tip

Homework (10 points): Do you cruise with a passport? Share your experience to the comments.

Also, be sure to subscribe to the blog to receive new Cruising 101 content direct to your e-mail (scroll up to the top right if on a computer or keep scrolling down if on a mobile device) and follow Prof. Cruise on your favorite social media sites:

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*I earn a small commission on certain products purchased through links on my site at no extra cost to you, including from travelinsurance.com. All commissions go toward supporting the work of the site. Thank you for your support!

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I always travel with a passport. You never know what can happen. Have had a passport since I joined the military. Gives you peace of mind.

Yes, I totally agree! And thank you for your service to our country!!!

We cruise and travel abroad a lot! Always have our passports and always have trip insurance. The first time we used it was on a trip to China. Nothing happened to us, but a close family member died unexpectedly. The insurance got us plane tickets home and reimbursed us for the part of the trip we missed. We’ve used it many times since then (cruising and hurricane diverted our embarkation to Louisiana from Florida, canceling a trip to Europe during Covid, stuck in AZ when flights got canceled, and having to cut short a trip to Disneyland because one of the kids got sick). It is just a life saver and totally worth just the peace of mind! But it has saved us thousands of dollars now too. You have to be careful not to over-insure on things that they won’t reimburse you for … but when your trip gets interrupted or canceled it is just so worth it.

Appreciate the tips! We take our passports with us every time we leave the ship. Would you recommend that, or is that going “overboard”?

What I always do is take a copy of my passport and leave the original in the safe on the ship. I worry a bit about losing it or having it stolen at port. In the event of an illness or injury that would require you stay at port for treatment and fly home, the ship will assist in getting your passports (and luggage) out of your cabin and to you. I also think it’s fine to take the original with you if you can be sure it stays with you in a secure spot at all times. In that case, I’d have a copy of the passport back on the ship, just in case.

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About Prof. Cruise

Given name Sarah, but also answers to Prof. Cruise. Retired after 10 years as a college professor to focus full-time on her primary research interest: travel. With a concentration in cruising.  Home port: Seattle.  Mom of a shaggy-haired dog and a shaggy-haired human.  Lover of books and dessert.  Fancies herself a bit of a comedian – you’ve been warned.

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When Chanel Sims graduated college, her mom rewarded her achievement by treating her daughter to a trip with Carnival Cruise Line .

But the July 2022 sailing – shortly after her graduation in May – didn’t leave Sims much time to get a key travel document: her passport.

Sims, now 24, had never gotten one. She tried once before to study abroad but was dissuaded by long wait times , and traveling internationally for fun wasn’t on her radar.

“I was a broke college student. I wasn’t going anywhere,” said Sims, who lives in Los Angeles and works for a life insurance agency.

Luckily for her, there was an alternative: She sailed with her family from Miami to the Bahamas, Turks and Caicos and back with just her photo ID and birth certificate.

In many cases, travelers can sail without a passport on round-trip voyages from the U.S. Here’s what to know.

What is a closed-loop cruise?

Closed-loop cruises are those that start and end at the same U.S. port and travel within the Western Hemisphere.

U.S. citizens booked on those sailings can leave and enter the country with proof of citizenship such as a birth certificate and – if 16 or older – a government-issued photo ID, according to U.S. Customs and Border Protection .

They can also use an enhanced driver’s license , which denotes both proofs of identity and citizenship, though those are available only in Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Vermont and Washington for now. Travelers can reenter the country from Canada, the Caribbean and Mexico with an EDL, but the documents are valid for border crossings only by sea or land.

Travelers under 16 can show an “original, notarized or certified copy of his or her birth certificate, a Consular Report of Birth Abroad issued by Department of State, (DOS) and/or Certificate of Naturalization issued by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS),” according to Customs and Border Protection’s website.

Cruise lines may require you to have a passport anyway, however.

Regent Seven Seas Cruises, for example, requires passports for all voyages no matter the ports of call or countries visited, and destinations may call for them as well.

Carnival, which Sims sailed with, allows U.S. citizens to sail without a passport on qualifying cruises but "highly recommends that all guests travel with a passport valid for at least six months beyond completion of travel," according to its website .

How do I know if I can sail without a passport?

Cruise lines typically provide guidance for travelers on the requirements of their sailing, according to Drew Daly, senior vice president and general manager of travel agency franchise Dream Vacations. A travel adviser can also help fill in any blanks.

Cruising without a passport can be risky, though. The State Department encourages having one "in case of an emergency, such as an unexpected medical air evacuation or the ship docking at an alternate port," according to its website .

If travelers get stuck at a port of call, there will be “a lot of red tape you have to get through” to make it home without one, Daly said.

In those cases, they should contact the U.S. Embassy and local immigration authorities, he said. Daly also recommended taking a photo of your government IDs, which can be helpful backups when dealing with officials.

A travel adviser can hold travelers’ hands through the process, though Daly noted “it’s not something that happens a lot.”

Sims, for her part, was able to easily get off the ship at ports like Nassau with just her Sail & Sign card, she said, which acts as both a room key and means of charging items to your onboard account. After showing her birth certificate and photo ID during the initial boarding process, she kept them in a suitcase.

There are other advantages to having a passport. For instance, the document gives travelers who don't board their cruise in time more flexibility to meet the ship at its next stop. “You can’t fly to Mexico without a passport,” Daly said.

Routine processing of passports currently takes between 10 and 13 weeks, and seven to nine weeks for expedited service, according to the State Department . But most travelers who book with Dream Vacations plan their cruises at least six months out, according to Daly, which should give them plenty of time to get one: “So, we still highly encourage that.”

Nathan Diller is a consumer travel reporter for USA TODAY based in Nashville. You can reach him at [email protected] .

What Is A Closed-Loop Cruise And Do You Need To Pack Your Passport?

Travel by train, vehicle, or airplane has its perks, but adventurers looking for time on the waves often choose to cruise instead. Luxury and fun on the high seas continue to be something that increasingly appeals to travelers worldwide. It's projected that by 2028, the global cruise market will become an industry worth over $15 billion.

Some of this market growth can be attributed to the cruise industry's commitment to customized sailing. Travelers have more options than ever when it comes to themed cruises designed to focus on health, adventure, or family fun. Travelers can also enjoy a variety related to the type of cruise they book with ocean cruises, river cruises, and casual, and luxury experiences alike all readily available.

Over 30 million passengers globally choose to cruise each year. While the Caribbean and the Bahamas top the list of popular destinations, the Mediterranean follows closely behind, as well as Alaska, Australasia, and mainland Europe.

There are currently more than 2,000 ports worldwide for travelers to explore. However, before boarding a ship with international destinations on the itinerary, it's likely the right identification is required. The U.S. Department of State Bureau of Consular Affairs recommends all travelers departing from the U.S. have a passport book in hand.

The exception to this rule is the closed-loop cruise. Ships within this category must satisfy strict regulations to achieve closed-loop status. Once they do, it's a cruise option that can be a viable solution for those who aren't passport holders.

A route to cruising passport-free

U.S. Customs and Border Protection defines a closed-loop cruise as one that both begins and ends at the same U.S. port. As long as these cruises return to the place they started, they can cruise to destinations such as islands and territories that are within proximity to the continental United States. These destinations often include Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, and the Caribbean.

There are some real advantages for travelers booking a closed-loop cruise. Because these cruises start and end at the same port, those flying in to board their ship can easily book round-trip flights. Passengers driving in will find that options to park directly at the point of departure can make the trip that much more convenient.

Additionally, U.S. travelers on closed-loop cruises won't typically have to worry about having a passport to enjoy the experience. Instead, U.S. Customs and Border Protection allows U.S. citizens 16 and older to enter and leave the country using alternative proof of citizenship. Approved forms of identification include a birth certificate or a government-issued photo ID, with additional documentation requirements in place for travelers 16 and under.

Closed-loop cruise considerations to keep in mind

Exploring Alaska, Mexico, Grand Cayman, the Caribbean , or the Bahamas on a closed-loop cruise can be thrilling. It can also be a convenient option when passport-free travel is a priority. That said, there are always important exceptions to consider when it comes to passport requirements and a closed-loop cruise is no different.

A prime example would be if a closed-loop cruise stops at a port of entry on the island of Martinique. This destination requires all U.S. citizens to hold a valid passport to enter the country. Passengers without a passport would be required to stay onboard the ship at this point in the cruise which could put a damper on the fun if it's something unexpected.

Another consideration to keep in mind is that it is cruise line policy to depart on time at all times. Passengers who don't keep track of the ship schedule while exploring ports of call face the real possibility of being left behind. When this happens, passengers are responsible for flying themselves home or to the next port of call. Unlike closed-loop cruises, airlines do require passports for international travel, which can prove to be a difficult scenario for those cruising without this form of identification.

For those without a passport, a closed-loop cruise can be a great option. Simply make sure to double-check your itinerary and the U.S. Department of State website before departure. This will ensure setting sail is as stress-free as it should be.

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What Is Considered A Closed Loop Cruise

Published: January 5, 2024

by Garnette Salgado

• Travel Guide

Introduction

A closed loop cruise, also known as a round trip cruise, is a type of cruise that departs from and returns to the same port. This means that passengers embark on the cruise at a specific port, explore various destinations, and ultimately return to the original port of departure. It offers a convenient and hassle-free way to travel and see multiple destinations without the need for additional flights or ground transportation between ports.

Closed loop cruises have become increasingly popular among vacationers for their simplicity and practicality. In this article, we will explore the definition of a closed loop cruise, the advantages and disadvantages of this type of vacation, popular destinations for closed loop cruises, the environmental impact, safety measures, and cruise line policies associated with closed loop cruises.

Whether you’re a seasoned cruiser or considering your first voyage, understanding what a closed loop cruise entails and the various aspects surrounding it can help you make informed decisions and fully enjoy your cruising experience. So, let’s dive in and explore the world of closed loop cruises!

Definition of a Closed Loop Cruise

A closed loop cruise, sometimes referred to as a round trip cruise, is a type of cruise vacation that begins and ends at the same port. Unlike open-jaw cruises, where the journey starts at one port and ends at another, closed loop cruises provide a convenient and seamless travel experience by eliminating the need for additional transportation arrangements.

When embarking on a closed loop cruise, passengers board the ship at a specific port and set sail to explore multiple destinations within a predetermined itinerary. These destinations can vary depending on the cruise line and the specific route, encompassing a range of exotic locations such as Caribbean islands, Mediterranean cities, Alaska’s rugged coastline, and more.

After visiting the various ports of call and experiencing the attractions and activities offered at each destination, the cruise ship returns to the original port of departure. This means that passengers can enjoy the excitement of exploring different places while having the peace of mind that they will ultimately return to their starting point, simplifying travel logistics.

One key benefit of a closed loop cruise is that it eliminates the need for additional air or ground transportation between ports. This can save travelers time and money, as they don’t have to book separate flights or arrange ground transportation to return to their starting point. Additionally, it provides a sense of security and stability, knowing that the ship serves as a home base throughout the journey.

Closed loop cruises are offered by numerous cruise lines and can vary in duration, ranging from a few days to several weeks. They provide an all-inclusive vacation experience, with accommodations, meals, entertainment, and onboard activities included in the cruise package.

Overall, a closed loop cruise offers a convenient and hassle-free way to explore multiple destinations without the complexity of arranging additional transportation. It provides a sense of continuity and allows passengers to fully immerse themselves in the cruise experience from the moment they step on board until they return to their original port of departure.

Advantages of Closed Loop Cruises

Closed loop cruises offer numerous advantages that make them an attractive option for travelers looking for a convenient and enjoyable vacation experience. Here are some of the key advantages of choosing a closed loop cruise:

• Convenience: One of the biggest advantages of closed loop cruises is the convenience they provide. Starting and ending your journey at the same port eliminates the need for additional flights or ground transportation between destinations. This means less time spent on logistics and more time to relax and enjoy your vacation.
• Cost Savings: By eliminating the need for additional transportation arrangements, closed loop cruises can save you money. You don’t have to purchase multiple flights or arrange ground transportation between ports, which can add up quickly. The all-inclusive nature of cruise vacations also helps you budget more effectively, as meals, accommodations, and many onboard activities are included in the package price.
• Exploring Multiple Destinations: Closed loop cruises offer the opportunity to visit multiple destinations within a single trip. Whether you’re sailing through the Caribbean, exploring the Mediterranean, or experiencing the beauty of Alaska , you can discover a variety of picturesque ports and diverse cultures without the hassle of changing accommodations or organizing transportation.
• Stress-Free Travel: With closed loop cruises, everything is taken care of for you. Once you board the ship, you can relax and enjoy the amenities and activities offered onboard. There’s no need to worry about finding transportation, planning meals, or organizing entertainment. The cruise line takes care of all the details, allowing you to simply unwind and indulge in a stress-free vacation.
• Services and Amenities: Today’s cruise ships are like floating resorts, offering a wide range of services and amenities to enhance your vacation experience. From luxurious accommodations and world-class dining options to entertainment, spa facilities, and thrilling activities, you’ll find everything you need for a memorable trip right onboard the ship.
• Flexibility and Variety: Closed loop cruises come in various durations and itineraries, allowing you to choose the one that best fits your preferences and schedule. Whether you’re looking for a short weekend getaway or an extended voyage, you can find a cruise that suits your needs. Additionally, with different ports of call, you have the opportunity to explore a variety of destinations and experiences during your trip.

These advantages make closed loop cruises an appealing option for vacationers who want a hassle-free and immersive travel experience. Whether you’re a first-time cruiser or a seasoned sea traveler, a closed loop cruise offers the perfect balance of convenience, affordability, and exploration.

Disadvantages of Closed Loop Cruises

While closed loop cruises have many advantages, it’s important to consider the potential disadvantages before embarking on your journey. Here are a few factors to keep in mind:

• Limited Destinations: Unlike open-jaw cruises that allow travelers to start and end their trip at different ports, closed loop cruises are restricted to specific itineraries that begin and end at the same port. This means that you may miss out on visiting certain destinations that are not included in the itinerary. If there’s a particular place you’ve always wanted to explore but it’s not part of the closed loop cruise you choose, you may need to consider alternative travel options.
• Potential for Crowds: Closed loop cruises are popular among vacationers, which means that the ports of call and the cruise ship itself can sometimes be crowded. During peak travel seasons, you may encounter long lines and busy attractions at each destination. If you prefer a more secluded and intimate vacation experience, a closed loop cruise may not be the best choice for you.
• Less Time in Each Destination: As closed loop cruises cover multiple destinations within a fixed amount of time, the time spent at each port of call is often limited. This can make it challenging to fully explore and immerse yourself in each destination and experience all it has to offer. If you prefer a more in-depth exploration of each location, you may need to consider alternative travel options that allow for longer stays at specific destinations.
• Sea Sickness: While modern cruise ships are equipped with stabilizers to minimize motion, some individuals may still experience sea sickness. The constant movement of the ship can cause discomfort and nausea for those who are prone to motion sickness. If you have concerns about seasickness, it’s important to take preventive measures or consider alternative vacation options.
• Cruise Ship Culture: Each cruise ship has its own unique culture and atmosphere. While the vast majority of passengers enjoy their cruise experience, it’s important to acknowledge that not every traveler may be suited to the cruise ship environment. If you prefer a more independent and spontaneous travel style, a closed loop cruise with its structured activities and scheduled dining may not align with your preferences.

It’s essential to carefully consider these potential disadvantages when deciding on a closed loop cruise. Understanding the limitations and potential challenges can help you make an informed choice and ensure that your vacation aligns with your expectations and preferences.

Popular Destinations for Closed Loop Cruises

When it comes to closed loop cruises, there are a variety of popular destinations that offer captivating experiences and breathtaking scenery. Here are some of the top destinations that attract cruise enthusiasts:

• Caribbean: The Caribbean is a perennial favorite for closed loop cruises. With its stunning turquoise waters, white sandy beaches, and vibrant culture, this region offers a treasure trove of experiences. From exploring ancient ruins in Mexico’s Mayan Riviera to snorkeling in the crystal-clear waters of the Bahamas , a Caribbean cruise promises blissful relaxation and tropical adventures.
• Alaska: For those seeking a more rugged and nature-filled expedition, an Alaskan closed loop cruise is an excellent choice. Witness towering glaciers, majestic fjords, and abundant wildlife such as bears, whales, and eagles. Glacier Bay National Park, Juneau, and Ketchikan are just a few of the captivating destinations you can explore on an Alaskan cruise.
• Mediterranean: A closed loop cruise through the Mediterranean offers a rich tapestry of history, culture, and culinary delights. From the iconic cities of Barcelona and Rome to the dreamy Greek islands of Santorini and Mykonos, you’ll have the opportunity to immerse yourself in the enchanting charm of this diverse region.
• Hawaii: Known as a paradise for beach lovers, Hawaii is a captivating destination for closed loop cruises. Experience the beauty of the Hawaiian Islands, including Oahu, Maui, Kauai, and the Big Island. From the iconic Waikiki Beach to the dramatic landscapes of Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii offers a diverse range of experiences for nature enthusiasts and culture seekers alike.
• Baltic Sea: A closed loop cruise through the Baltic Sea is a journey steeped in history and charm. Explore the stunning cities of Stockholm, St. Petersburg, Copenhagen, and Tallinn, each offering a unique blend of medieval architecture, cultural heritage, and breathtaking coastal scenery.
• Bahamas: Just a short cruise away from Florida , the Bahamas is a popular destination for those looking for a quick getaway. With its pristine beaches, vibrant marine life, and exciting water sports activities, the Bahamas offer a perfect tropical escape.

These are just a few examples of the popular destinations for closed loop cruises. Other notable options include the South Pacific, the Norwegian Fjords, the Mexican Riviera, and more. Whether you prefer sun-soaked beaches, icy landscapes, cultural immersion, or a combination of it all, there is a closed loop cruise destination that will suit your vacation desires.

When choosing your closed loop cruise destination, consider the time of year, weather conditions, and specific attractions or experiences you wish to enjoy. Each destination has its own unique charm, and exploring the world through closed loop cruises allows you to experience the best of multiple destinations in a single journey.

Environmental Impact of Closed Loop Cruises

While closed loop cruises offer a convenient and enjoyable way to explore multiple destinations, it’s important to acknowledge the environmental impact that cruising can have. Here are some key considerations regarding the environmental impact of closed loop cruises:

• Carbon Footprint: Cruise ships are known for their significant carbon emissions, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. The burning of fossil fuels for propulsion and onboard operations releases carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere.
• Waste Management: The waste generated on cruise ships can be a major environmental concern. Waste disposal, particularly of plastics, can have a negative impact on marine ecosystems. It is essential for cruise lines to have effective waste management systems in place to minimize pollution and ensure proper waste disposal.
• Air and Water Pollution: Cruise ships release exhaust emissions that contribute to air pollution, including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. Additionally, improper wastewater treatment and discharge can lead to water pollution, impacting marine life and ecosystems.
• Ecological Damage: Cruise ship visits to fragile ecosystems, such as coral reefs and coastal habitats, can cause damage through anchor drops, pollution, and disturbance to marine life. It is important for cruise lines to maintain sustainable practices to minimize their ecological impact.
• Energy Consumption: Cruise ships consume vast amounts of energy to power various onboard facilities, including air conditioning, lighting, and entertainment systems. Reducing energy consumption and increasing the use of renewable energy sources are important steps towards minimizing the environmental impact of closed loop cruises.

It is encouraging to note that many cruise lines have implemented initiatives to reduce their environmental footprint. These initiatives include adopting cleaner fuel technologies, implementing waste management practices, reducing single-use plastics, and investing in more energy-efficient systems and designs for new ships. Additionally, there is a growing trend among cruise lines to partner with environmental organizations and support conservation efforts.

As a responsible traveler, you can also contribute to minimizing the environmental impact of closed loop cruises. Consider practicing sustainable behaviors during your cruise, such as conserving water and energy, avoiding single-use plastics, and supporting local businesses that prioritize environmentally-friendly practices. Additionally, choose cruise lines that have strong environmental policies and commitments to sustainability.

It is important to acknowledge the environmental impact of closed loop cruises and work towards finding sustainable solutions to minimize any negative effects. By being mindful of these considerations and supporting environmentally-conscious practices, we can ensure that the beauty and resources of the destinations we visit are preserved for future generations to enjoy.

Safety Measures on Closed Loop Cruises

Ensuring the safety and well-being of passengers is a top priority for cruise lines. Closed loop cruises implement various safety measures to provide a secure and enjoyable experience for travelers. Here are some key safety measures in place:

• Emergency Drills: Before setting sail, all passengers are required to participate in mandatory emergency drills. These drills, typically known as muster drills, provide important information on safety procedures, emergency exits, life jacket usage, and evacuation protocols. It is essential to pay attention and follow the instructions provided during these drills to be prepared in the event of an actual emergency.
• Life-Saving Equipment: Closed loop cruise ships are equipped with a range of life-saving equipment, including lifeboats, life jackets, and flotation devices. Passengers are advised to familiarize themselves with the location of these items in their cabin and public areas. Cruise lines invest in regular maintenance and inspections of this equipment to ensure it is in good working condition.
• Medical Facilities: Cruise ships have onboard medical facilities staffed by qualified medical professionals who are available to provide medical care if needed. These facilities are equipped to handle a range of medical emergencies and offer basic medical treatments. It is important to disclose any pre-existing medical conditions to the cruise line prior to boarding to ensure appropriate care can be provided.
• Security Measures: Closed loop cruises have robust security measures in place to ensure the safety and security of passengers and crew. This includes screening of guests and their luggage during embarkation, surveillance cameras throughout the ship, and security personnel onboard to respond to any security concerns or incidents that may arise.
• Health and Hygiene: Cruise lines implement strict health and hygiene protocols to prevent the spread of illnesses on board. These measures include regular cleaning and disinfection of public areas and cabins, hand sanitizing stations throughout the ship, and proper food handling practices in restaurants and buffets. It is important for passengers to adhere to these protocols and practice good personal hygiene during their cruise.
• Communication and Safety Announcements: Cruise ships have a communication system in place to relay important information to passengers. This includes public address systems, in-cabin announcements, and access to safety information through the ship’s television or mobile app. Passengers are encouraged to stay informed and listen for any safety announcements or updates provided by the ship’s crew.

It is important for passengers to familiarize themselves with the safety measures and guidelines provided by the cruise line before and during their closed loop cruise. Following these guidelines and instructions, as well as being aware of your surroundings, will contribute to a safe and enjoyable vacation experience.

While cruise lines strive to provide a secure environment, it is also crucial for passengers to take personal responsibility for their safety. This includes practicing general safety precautions, such as using handrails on staircases, being mindful of wet and slippery surfaces, and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption. Additionally, it is recommended to purchase travel insurance that includes medical coverage and emergency evacuation to provide additional peace of mind during your cruise.

By working together and adhering to safety protocols, passengers, crew, and cruise lines can ensure that closed loop cruises remain a safe and enjoyable way to explore the world’s most captivating destinations.

Cruise Line Policies on Closed Loop Cruises

When it comes to closed loop cruises, different cruise lines may have varying policies and guidelines in place. These policies are designed to ensure the smooth operation of the cruise and the comfort and safety of the passengers. Here are some common cruise line policies on closed loop cruises:

• Booking and Documentation: Cruise lines have specific requirements for booking closed loop cruises. This may include providing valid identification and documentation such as passports, visas, or other necessary travel documents. It is important to review the cruise line’s policies and ensure that you have all the required documents before embarking on your journey.
• Cancellation and Refunds: Each cruise line has its own policy regarding cancellations and refunds. It is essential to understand the terms and conditions outlined in the cruise line’s cancellation policy and to consider purchasing travel insurance that provides coverage for unexpected cancellations or interruptions to your trip.
• Conduct and Behavior: Cruise lines enforce certain standards of conduct and behavior to ensure a pleasant and safe environment for all passengers. This includes policies regarding alcohol consumption, dress codes for various areas of the ship, and guidelines for acceptable behavior towards fellow passengers and crew members.
• Onboard Services and Amenities: Cruise lines offer a variety of services and amenities onboard their ships. Policies may exist regarding the use of these facilities, such as fitness centers, spas, pools, and dining venues. Some amenities may require reservations or additional fees, and certain age restrictions may apply to certain activities or areas.
• Safety and Emergency Procedures: Cruise lines have specific policies and procedures in place to ensure the safety and well-being of passengers during closed loop cruises. These include guidelines for emergency drills, use of life-saving equipment, and reporting of any safety concerns or incidents. It is important for passengers to familiarize themselves with these policies and follow the instructions provided by the cruise line and ship’s crew.
• Special Needs and Disabilities: Cruise lines strive to accommodate passengers with special needs or disabilities. They may have policies and procedures in place to provide assistance and support, such as accessible cabins, accessible facilities, and trained personnel to assist passengers with mobility challenges. It is recommended to inform the cruise line in advance of any specific needs to ensure a smooth and enjoyable experience.

It is crucial to thoroughly review the policies and guidelines provided by the cruise line prior to booking and embarking on a closed loop cruise. This will help you understand what to expect during your journey and ensure that you comply with any requirements or restrictions set forth by the cruise line.

Keep in mind that policies can vary between cruise lines and may be subject to change. It is always a good idea to stay updated with the latest information provided by the cruise line regarding their policies and procedures.

By familiarizing yourself with the cruise line’s policies on closed loop cruises, you can have a better understanding of what to expect during your journey and ensure a smooth and enjoyable experience onboard the ship.

Closed loop cruises offer an enticing opportunity to explore multiple destinations while enjoying the convenience and comfort of a floating resort. With the ability to embark and disembark from the same port, these cruises provide a seamless and hassle-free travel experience. We have explored the definition of a closed loop cruise, the advantages and disadvantages, popular destinations, the environmental impact, safety measures, and cruise line policies associated with this type of vacation.

While closed loop cruises provide numerous advantages such as convenience, cost savings, and the opportunity to explore multiple destinations, there are also factors to consider, such as limited destinations and potential crowds. It is important to be aware of the environmental impact of cruising and support sustainable practices to minimize any negative effects.

Cruise lines prioritize the safety and well-being of passengers, implementing various measures including emergency drills, life-saving equipment, security protocols, and medical facilities. Familiarizing yourself with these safety measures and following the guidelines provided by the cruise line can contribute to a secure and enjoyable vacation experience.

Each cruise line has its own policies and guidelines specific to closed loop cruises, including booking requirements, conduct and behavior expectations, safety procedures, and accommodations for passengers with special needs. Understanding and adhering to these policies will enhance your cruising experience and ensure a smooth journey.

In conclusion, closed loop cruises offer a unique and convenient way to explore diverse destinations without the hassle of additional transportation arrangements. By being mindful of the advantages, disadvantages, safety measures, and environmental impact associated with closed loop cruises, you can make informed choices and enjoy a memorable and fulfilling vacation experience at sea.

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The 8 Cruise Destinations That Don’t Require a Passport

Embarking on a cruise adventure can be a thrilling experience, and the great news is, you don’t always need a passport for this journey. The idea of setting sail into the horizon, with the promise of new experiences, can be enticing and liberating, especially when it’s hassle-free.

Imagine the ease of traveling without the need to go through the lengthy process of passport renewal or application. This possibility opens up a world of travel opportunities, inviting you to explore and indulge in the wonders of cruising.

Cruises that don’t require a passport offer the perfect blend of convenience and exploration. These trips often begin and end in the same port within the United States, termed as ‘closed-loop’ cruises.

Such cruises are a boon for those looking to take a break from the ordinary, offering a getaway that’s both accessible and extraordinary. The key lies in the simplicity of the process – less paperwork, and more enjoyment.

With just a few basic travel documents, including a government-issued photo ID and proof of citizenship, you can embark on these unique cruises. This simplified documentation process makes these cruises especially appealing to those who prefer not to or cannot use a passport.

Cruise Destinations That Don’t Require a Passport

The caribbean.

The Caribbean is a treasure trove of sun, sea, and diverse cultures. With options for closed-loop itineraries from numerous U.S. cities, including Miami, New York, and New Orleans, the Caribbean offers a wide array of experiences.

From the historic and adventure-packed Eastern Caribbean to the vibrant and nature-rich Southern Caribbean, and the culturally diverse Western Caribbean, there’s a slice of paradise for every traveler. Engage in activities like ziplining, waterfall swimming, and quad bike riding, or relax on pristine beaches.

Not just a destination for leisure, the Caribbean offers a journey through history and culture, with opportunities to explore ancient ruins, rainforests, and engage in wildlife encounters. This destination caters to a broad spectrum of interests, making it a perfect choice for a passport-free tropical getaway.

Cruising along the West Coast of the United States offers a unique opportunity to explore the diverse landscapes and vibrant cities of California, Washington, and Oregon without needing a passport.

These cruises typically meander along California’s stunning coastline, allowing you to experience the iconic beauty of places like Los Angeles, San Francisco, and San Diego. Up north, Seattle, Washington, and Astoria, Oregon serve as scenic ports, each with its own charm.

Seattle, known for its coffee culture and markets, and Astoria, with its adventure-rich history, provide distinct experiences. West Coast cruises are ideal for those looking for a quick getaway or for first-time cruisers wanting a taste of the Californian lifestyle and the broader West Coast.

Whether it’s for a short break or a longer voyage, these cruises offer a perfect blend of relaxation, adventure, and sightseeing along America’s stunning Pacific coastline.

Set sail to the Bahamas, a dreamy destination for a passport-free adventure! Embrace the joy of tropical escapades right from various U.S. ports along the Atlantic Coast. Here, the sparkling waters and sun-kissed beaches of Nassau invite you to dive into its vibrant coral reefs and explore pastel-colored British colonial architecture.

Freeport offers a unique blend of local culture and natural beauty, with opportunities to kayak through the mangroves at Lucayan National Park or indulge in some serious shopping at Port Lucaya Marketplace. For an exclusive resort experience, head to Princess Cays at the southern end of Eleuthera.

Each of these Bahamian gems is accessible through a variety of closed-loop cruises, ranging from short weekend getaways to more extended voyages from ports like New York, providing a plethora of options to suit every traveler’s schedule and preference​.

Bermuda, a slice of paradise for those seeking a blend of British charm and island ease, offers a unique escape. Depart from East Coast ports like New York City, Baltimore, or Charleston and immerse yourself in this idyllic destination known for its pink-sand beaches and crystalline waters.

Here, you can engage in a variety of activities, from snorkeling to sunset rum-tasting cruises. Its size allows for ample exploration within a short timeframe, and several itineraries offer overnight stays, letting you experience both the serene days and lively nightlife of Bermuda.

With historical sites like St. Peter’s Church and the National Museum of Bermuda, you can delve deep into the island’s rich past while enjoying its present-day beauty and cultural offerings. When cruising to Bermuda, you’re not just visiting an island; you’re stepping into a blend of history, luxury, and natural splendor.

Mexico, a vibrant land of rich culture and stunning natural beauty, is another splendid destination for a passport-free cruise. Depart from Californian cities like San Francisco, San Diego, or Long Beach and set course for the Baja Peninsula.

Along the way, you might stop at Catalina Island, where outdoor activities like kayaking, zip-lining, and parasailing await. Once in Mexico, be ready to explore attractions from the flamingo lagoons of Yucatán to the historical allure of Cozumel.

These Western Caribbean locales offer an array of activities such as swimming with dolphins, exploring ancient Mayan ruins, and thrilling zip-line adventures. Whether you’re in the mood for cultural exploration or seeking adrenaline-pumping activities, Mexican Riviera voyages from the West Coast provide an eclectic mix of experiences.

Panama Canal

A cruise to the Panama Canal is a journey through one of the modern world’s most impressive engineering feats. For travelers without a passport, there’s an option to embark on a round-trip cruise from Florida that avoids making port in Colombia, adhering to the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative.

This route allows you to experience the awe-inspiring Panama Canal without needing a passport. As you navigate through this engineering marvel, you’re surrounded by lush rainforests and vibrant wildlife, offering a unique and unforgettable experience.

The Panama Canal is not just a passage between oceans; it’s a gateway to a myriad of natural wonders and historical significance. This cruise is an adventure that combines the thrill of exploration with the marvels of modern ingenuity, making it a must-see destination for travelers.

Alaska cruises are a feast for the eyes and soul, perfect for nature enthusiasts and outdoor adventurers alike. Embark from Seattle or San Francisco and journey to the mesmerizing ‘Land of the Midnight Sun’.

Your Alaskan adventure includes visits to quaint waterfront towns like Juneau, Skagway, and Ketchikan. Experience the grandeur of icy glaciers, either by boat or seaplane, and keep an eye out for majestic whales.

Activities like dog sledding add to the excitement. Plus, a stop in Victoria, British Columbia, adds an international flair to your journey, offering a mix of historical and modern attractions, from castles to trolley rides and lush gardens. This cruise guarantees a vacation filled with remarkable memories and breathtaking sights.

Hawaii, an American gem, promises an exotic and exhilarating experience. This tropical haven is known for its black-sand beaches, volcanic landscapes, and rich cultural heritage. Hawaiian cruises offer diverse activities, from surfing and snorkeling to sampling the local cuisine and experiencing traditional hula dancing.

The state’s allure isn’t just in its beaches and volcanoes; its culinary scene and cultural experiences are equally enchanting. With Hawaii’s welcoming atmosphere and breathtaking scenery, your vacation there is bound to be unforgettable.

This destination proves that you don’t have to leave the U.S. to find a paradise that feels worlds away. A Hawaiian cruise is an ideal choice for those seeking a unique blend of adventure, relaxation, and cultural immersion.

Final Thoughts

Exploring the world by sea is a thrilling experience, and the great news is, you don’t always need a passport for these adventures. From the rugged beauty of Alaska to the sun-kissed shores of the West Coast, the options are diverse and exciting.

Each destination offers its unique blend of culture, scenery, and experiences, proving that incredible journeys await just a cruise away, even without a passport. These destinations not only cater to diverse interests but also make cruising more accessible, inviting everyone to indulge in the joys of travel​.

What Is A Closed-Loop Cruise: ID, Tips, Best Itineraries

There are many types of cruises, but in recent years one that is becoming more popular is the closed-loop cruise. One reason for this is simple; there are no passport requirements.

However, travelers do need appropriate government-issued documentation when they cruise. This particular type of itinerary begins and ends in the same U.S. port. and sails entirely within the Western Hemisphere.

They are considered round-trip cruises that start and end in U.S. ports.

Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) 

The  Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative  (WHTI) is where the concept of a closed-loop cruise started. The WHTI is a result of the recommendations of the 9/11 Commission following the terrorist attacks in 2001. 

The goal was to improve and strengthen border protection for the United States. However, an additional goal was to make the process of entering the U.S. more efficient and convenient. 

Several parts of the initiative deal with citizens from Canada, Mexico, and Bermuda, in addition to the United States.  

The WHTI introduced the concept of a ‘closed-loop cruise’ as a cruise that begins and ends in the same U.S. port. This type of sailing was granted special documentation requirements to simplify travel.

Specifically, on a closed-loop cruise, U.S. citizens were required to have only a birth certificate and a government-issued photo ID.

This was a significant difference as not all Americans want the hassle or expense of getting a passport. Being able to travel without a passport encourages international exploration.

As Canadians who love to travel, my wife Karen and I have had passports since we were young adults. Also, since Karen was born in Singapore to British parents (her Dad was in the British army), traveling is in her blood! 

However, passports may be unnecessary for millions of Americans born and raised in states such as Florida, California, or Texas. They could drive to the nearest cruise port, take a closed-loop cruise, and see another part of the world.

The only restrictions are that the cruise ship must remain within the Western Hemisphere and return to the same cruise port they departed from.

The Jones Act And the Passenger Vessel Services Act (PVSA)

The Jones Act and Passenger Vessel Services Act were established over 100 years ago in 1886. These  two acts  of maritime law restrict cruise ships that are NOT U.S.-built, owned, and documented.

A cruise company that does not register its ships in the U.S. must include an international port in its itinerary if it departs and returns from a U.S. port. A typical example of this is Alaska cruises that sail out of Seattle.  

These Alaska cruises typically stop in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, to comply with the Jones Act. If they don’t, the cruise line will face USD 778 per passenger fines! 

To have reduced regulations impacting their operations, virtually all cruise companies have their ships registered in tax havens such as the Bahamas.

As a company in a foreign country, this enables them to have a more cost-effective operation and offer lower prices to customers.

Norwegian’s Pride of America is one cruise ship that maintains U.S. documentation and registration. This ship cruises exclusively around the Hawaiian Islands but is considered a U.S.-based cruise ship and not within the restrictions of the Jones Act.

Are U.S. Territories Eligible As U.S. Ports?

Yes, permanent residents or U.S. citizens residing in any U.S. Territories can sail in a closed-loop cruise from their ports of call.

This includes the following territories:

• Puerto Rico
• U.S. Virgin Islands
• American Samoa
• Swains Island
• Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

Old San Juan , Puerto Rico, is a popular embarkation port because it puts you further south in the Caribbean.

What Are the Benefits of a Closed-Loop Cruise?

There are many benefits to these cruises. Here are a few reasons you may want to book this type of cruise:

• Begin and end at the same port.
• Many options since they are the most popular type of cruise.
• You can park close to the port and retrieve your vehicle at the same location.
• Book round-trip flights.
• Planning is simple.
• Great for international travel.

You can use one word to describe these cruises –  Simple ! They are easy to travel to since you need just a round-trip flight. 

If you live within driving distance of the cruise port, you can have your car waiting when you disembark. The majority of cruises from the U.S. are closed-loop.

It’s easy to book multiple (back-to-back) cruises in regions like the Caribbean. Book a 2nd cruise with a different itinerary leaving from the same port.

Pre-Covid, we had booked three back-to-back cruises, all sailing from Fort Lauderdale and Miami. This enabled us to try different cruise lines and different ships but with a single flight from Vancouver to Florida.

Travel Documentation Requirements

Although a passport is not required, you should still plan on bringing other government-issued photo IDs and proof of citizenship.

Proof of citizenship can be one of the following:

• Birth Certificate – original or copy is acceptable.
• Consular Report of Birth Abroad.
• Certificate of Naturalization.

A photo ID can be one of the following:

• Green Card.
• Enhanced Driver’s License.
• U.S. Passport Card.

Note the photo ID cards all use RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology to reduce time during screening or at checkpoints.

What Is An Enhanced Driver’s License (EDL)?

An enhanced driver’s license is a low-cost travel document that indicates both your identity and citizenship.

The application cost varies by state but is typically USD 40-60 in addition to the price of a primary driver’s license.

However, only Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Vermont, and Washington currently issue Enhanced Driver’s Licenses.

What Is A U.S. Passport Card?

A United States Passport Card is a low-cost, limited-use travel document produced by the Department of State. It is not accepted for international air travel.

At the time of this writing, the application fee is USD 30.

Where Can You Cruise From?

You can take a closed-loop cruise from any cruise port in the United States. Here are a few of the most popular U.S. cruise ports:

• Fort Lauderdale
• Los Angeles
• New York City
• San Francisco

What Countries Can You Visit?

Since these cruises stay within the Western Hemisphere, this provides a broad list of available countries.

The Western Hemisphere includes Northern America, Central America, South America, Polynesia, Greenland, Western Africa, and parts of Europe.

The following countries are in the Americas and lie entirely within the Western Hemisphere region:

Outside of the Americas, there are other countries within the boundaries of the Western Hemisphere. The following countries or territories are also within and available for cruising from a U.S. port.

• Northern Ireland

However, most cruises that would be round-trip from a U.S. port to these destinations would not qualify as a closed loop. These cruises would likely include ports beyond the Western Hemisphere.

Popular Cruise Options

Here are a few cruises that qualify as closed-loop according to the WHTI guidelines.

Alaska Cruises

Cruising to Alaska is on the bucket list of many travelers. We love it so much that we cruised there twice last year!

Alaska cruises depart from Vancouver or Seattle , as well as San Francisco and Los Angeles. However, only Seattle and San Francisco qualify as closed-loop cruises within the WHTI guidelines. 

San Francisco cruises are a minimum of 10 days due to the extra distance in sailing from California. Seattle cruises are typically seven days but can be up to 14 days in a close-loop format.

Due to the arctic climate, the Alaska cruise season is short and only from May to September. You can get the best price if you’re willing to cruise on the fringe season in May or September. 

Caribbean Cruise

The Caribbean is a  perfect January cruise  for anyone wanting to escape the winter cold. Most Caribbean itineraries sailing out of Florida and Texas are continuous loops because they depart from and return to the same port.

According to Marine Insight, the Port of Miami, Port Canaveral, and Port Everglades, all in Florida, are the Top Three Largest Cruise Ports in the World.

Mexican Riviera

For those U.S. citizens living on the west coast or in California, the Mexican Riviera is an excellent closed-loop cruise. Most cruises depart from Los Angeles, but some also depart from San Diego or San Francisco.

The most popular  Mexican Riviera cruise ports include Cabo San Lucas, Mazatlan, and Puerto Vallarta on 7-day cruises. However, La Paz, Loreto, and Manzanillo are popular on longer cruises of 8-14 days.

The Mexican Riviera cruise season is year-round, with the winter months of December to April considered peak season.

New England

Travelers love New England because it experiences four seasons and is rich in history. This region is served primarily by American Cruise Lines (ACL), with smaller ships carrying less than 200 passengers.

Departure ports include Boston, Providence-Rhode Island, and Portland-Maine. Cruise length ranges from 6-11 nights with all destination ports within New England.

South Pacific/ Polynesia

Another exotic continuous loop cruise includes Hawaii and Polynesia. Just south of the Equator, Polynesia and year-round warm temperatures and gentle Pacific breezes.

The cruise departs and returns to Los Angeles, and typical itineraries are 28 to 32 days.

World Cruises

A world cruise is on the bucket list for many cruisers, but the cost can be prohibitive. Many world cruises start and end at the same U.S. port, such as Los Angeles, Miami, or Fort Lauderdale.

However, only partial world cruises can be considered “closed-loop.” This is due to the restriction that the itinerary must be exclusively in the Western Hemisphere.

This partial world cruise shown above is a 74-night cruise leaving Fort Lauderdale and includes all of South America and the Antarctic. This itinerary is a closed-loop cruise because it remains in the Western Hemisphere and starts and ends from a U.S. port.

As a closed-loop cruise, you would not need a passport according to WHTI requirements. However, you would benefit by having a passport in case some countries require one.

Regardless, this shows the rich itineraries possible in a closed-loop cruise. There are many exciting cruises available that can be considered a closed loop.

What Cruise Lines Offer Closed Loop Cruises

All major cruise lines that sail from U.S. ports of call offer these types of cruises. Here’s a short list of cruises lines you can consider:

• Norwegian Cruise Line
• Carnival Cruise Lines
• Royal Caribbean
• Princess Cruises
• Celebrity Cruises
• Holland America
• Disney Cruises
• MSC Cruises

Luxury and premium cruise lines such as Silversea, Oceania, Cunard, or Regent Seven Seas also offer closed-loop cruises. However, their fleet of ships is usually limited, with fewer options for itineraries.

How To Book Your Cruise

You can book the same as you book any other cruise. Book through your local travel agent if you want to let a professional handle all the details. Just let them know you want a ‘Closed-Loop Cruise,’ and they will find what you need.

Travel agents can book your transfers, excursions, flights, and more. The cost may be slightly higher than booking yourself, but you’ll feel less stressed by leaving it to the experts.

One of our favorite sites for booking online is  VacationsToGo . They claim to be the World’s Largest Cruise Agency, but I shop there for the prices! 

When booking through their site, select a region within the Western Hemisphere and check the box for “Return to Same Port.” Also, if you have a cruise port near you, select that as your departure port to focus your search. 

Other popular online sites include Expedia.com, CruiseCritic.com, iCruise.com, and many others. You can also book through the cruise lines’ site, but they frequently have higher prices.

Final Thoughts

In my view, the worst day cruising is still better than the best day “back in the office!” However, we are lifelong cruisers, and I may be biased.

Closed loop cruises are a specific category of cruise that makes it a bit easier to cruise. There are so many potential destinations that you could do 10 or 20 closed-loop cruises that were all different.

Consider Alaska, the Caribbean, Mexican Riviera, or even a partial world cruise. All of these can be compliant with WHTI’s guidelines if booked correctly.

If you haven’t cruised before, a closed-loop cruise is a great way to get started. I hope you’ll eventually love cruising as much as we do!

Thursday 3rd of August 2023

Some of your information seems to conflict with what I read on the US Customs and Border Protection page. It's my understanding that a passport is required for sea travel on closed loop cruises that travel to South American countries.

Forever Karen

Sunday 6th of August 2023

The US Customs and Border Protection Page says "U.S. citizens on closed-loop cruises (cruises that begin and end at the same U.S. port) are able to enter the United States with a birth certificate and government-issued photo ID. Please be aware that you MAY still be required to present a passport to enter the countries your cruise ship is visiting." Emphasis on the word "May."

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Closed Loop Cruise: Passport Requirements & Destinations

Got a few free days and looking to go on a trip, but don’t have a passport? Don’t worry, you still have plenty of options! If you passport has expired, or you never got a passport in the first place, you are still able to visit several foreign countries as a U.S. citizen. The answer to your “problem” is a closed loop cruise.

These types of cruises allow you, as an American, to sail to amazing destinations without a passport. Below, we take a look at what closed loop cruises are and tell you exactly which places you can visit on a closed loop cruise.

What Is a Closed Loop Cruise?

First things first, though—what is a closed loop cruise? The answer is right there, in the name. Closed loop cruises have “closed” itineraries, meaning that they start and end in the same U.S. port. On the way, however you may visit some other destinations, whether within the United States or in other countries. All closed loop cruises are round-trip cruises from the same port in the United States.

Places You Can Go on a Closed Loop Cruise (Without a Passport)

Even though closed loop cruises can’t take you wherever you want to go, the destination choices may be more diverse than you’d expect. From the beaches of the Bahamas to the wilderness of Alaska, these are the greatest place you can visit on a closed loop cruise without a passport.

Explore the rugged coasts of Alaska on a closed loop cruise from cities like Seattle and San Francisco . Visit the historic coastal towns of Skagway, Sitka and Juneau, and see iconic wildlife, from orcas and whales to brown bears and bald eagles.

Cruise around the Hawaiian Islands and soak up that glorious tropical sunshine. See waterfalls and rainbows, enjoy amazing Polynesian food and hit the waves on a surfboard. Cruises to Hawaii start in most major West Coast cities, such as San Diego , Los Angeles and Seattle.

New England and Eastern Canada

Discover the rocky coasts of New England and eastern Canada on a closed loop cruise from Boston or New York City. Indulge in world-class seafood, see beautiful lighthouses, visit seaside villages and explore important historic sites.

One of the most accessible tropical islands from the U.S. East Coast, Bermuda is a popular destination for closed loop cruises. You can visit this gorgeous, historic island on round-trip cruises from Boston and other East Coast ports. Swim with dolphins , visit the Royal Navy Dockyard or scuba dive to a shipwreck.

The Bahamas

Blessed with near-perpetual sunshine and stunning beaches, the Bahamas are one of the world’s most popular cruise destinations. As a Caribbean island nation, it’s an excellent place to visit without a passport on closed loop cruises. Departure ports include Baltimore , Charleston, Jacksonville, Miami and other southeastern U.S. cities.

The Caribbean

Comprised of the Western, Eastern and Southern Caribbean Island, the greater Caribbean region is home to some of the greatest beach destination on the planet. Go on a closed loop cruise from Florida and visit such stunning islands as St. Lucia, Barbados, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Martinique and Bonaire. Remember, however, that some of these island nations may require you to have a passport to enter.

Whether it’s a Baja California cruise from San Diego or L.A., or a cruise to Cozumel from the East Coast, Mexico is a great closed loop cruise destination. Discover ancient temples and architecture, sample classic Mexican cuisine, sunbathe on amazing beaches and partake in endless outdoor adventures. Check out the best time to cruise to Mexico here .

So, for example, you can board a cruise ship in Miami, Florida , stop at least one foreign port in places like Mexico, the Bahamas or the Caribbean, and return to the port of Miami afterwards. This is a closed loop cruise. As a U.S. citizen, you will not need a valid passport to leave and re-enter the United States this way.

If, however, you depart from Miami, sail through the Panama Canal , visiting a foreign port on the way, and disembark in Los Angeles, you have not been on a closed loop cruise, even though both your departure and arrival ports are in the United States. These kinds of one-way cruises require all passengers to have a valid passport.

Good to know: Maritime laws state that cruise ships not sailing under the American flag must stop in at least one port of call outside the United States. Great examples of this include a stop in Canada on Alaska cruises , a stop in Bermuda on a round-trip from Boston, or a stop in Cozumel from Fort Lauderdale.

Remember: The start and end point of your cruise must be the same U.S. port.

Do I Need a Passport on a Closed Loop Cruise?

American citizens do not need a passport to go on a closed loop cruise. They can leave and re-enter their own country without a passport. However, it is important to know that another proof of citizenship will be required instead.

According to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Information Center , other valid proofs of citizenship you can use to go on closed loop cruises besides a passport are:

• Enhanced Driver’s License (EDL);
• Government-issued birth certificate; or
• Government-issued certificate of naturalization

If you’re 16 or older, you will also need a valid government-issued driver’s license or picture ID that contains your photo, name and date of birth.

U.S. citizens younger than 16 may use an original, notarized or certified copy of their birth certificate to go on a closed loop cruise. They do not need other documents to leave and re-enter the USA.

Note, however, that this does not necessarily mean that the countries on your itinerary, especially in the Caribbean, won’t still require you to have a passport to enter. If that’s the case, your cruise line might already require you to have a passport to board the ship—even if U.S. Customs and Border Protection does not.

If you aren’t sure, please ask your cruise line about this in advance. A closed loop cruise refers only to U.S. immigration regulations and passport requirements for U.S. citizens. It does not reflect those of the destinations on the closed loop cruise.

How Do I Know If My Cruise Is Closed Loop?

This is pretty straightforward. As we’ve mentioned above, a closed loop cruise is a cruise that departs from and returns to the same port in the United States. It’s really that simple.

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Born and raised in Belgium, Bram is currently based in the Pacific Northwest where he spends his days blogging, hiking, indulging in freshly roasted coffee and sipping craft beers. An experienced traveler, his… More about Bram R

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Do I Need a Passport for The Bahamas? The Guide for U.S. Travelers

• February 9, 2024
• Laura Soper

If you’re planning a trip to the beautiful islands of The Bahamas, it’s essential to understand the entry and exit requirements, as well as the safety measures recommended by the U.S. Department of State. 

This helpful guide provides the most relevant information for U.S. travelers on everything from passport validity to travel advisories, ensuring you’re well-prepared for your stay in The Bahamas. Whether you’re traveling by air or sea, our guide will help you navigate the requirements and recommendations for a safe and enjoyable visit. Let’s get started!

Why a US Passport is Required for Visiting The Bahamas

The Bahamas entry requirements state that everyone entering The Bahamas must have a valid passport . A valid U.S. passport is a must-have for all travelers, regardless of age. This requirement ensures border agents to not only verify your identity and citizenship, but it also helps authorities maintain accurate records of arrivals and departures. 

The Bahamas also requires that all visitors have at least 6 months of validity remaining in their passport from the date of entry in addition to at least 2 blank pages for stamps . 

Additionally, a US passport is required for entry back into the United States as per the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI)—a joint plan by the Department of State (DOS) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) that was implemented to strengthen border security.

The WHTI requires “all travelers, U.S. citizens and foreign nationals alike, to present a passport or other acceptable document that denotes identity and citizenship when entering the United States.” This requirement applies to all modes of travel—air, land, and sea .

• For more information on the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) and WHTI-compliant documents, visit our Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative page .

If you need a passport or a passport renewal for travel to the Bahamas, act now. The following step-by-step guides can ensure you get your travel documents as quickly as you need for your trip:

• How to Expedite a New Passport Application: A Complete Guide
• Expedite Passport Renewal – Forms, Fees & Processing Times
• Expedite Your Child’s Passport: A Comprehensive Guide

Passport for Air Travel to The Bahamas

Requirements for entering the bahamas by air.

If you’re planning to fly to The Bahamas, you’ll need a valid U.S. passport book . This is a requirement for all air travel, domestic or international to both enter and exit The Bahamas. The passport book serves as proof of your identity and U.S. citizenship, which is essential for international travel.

Requirements for Exiting The Bahamas by Air

All U.S. citizens and foreign nationals are required to show a valid US passport to enter the United States.

So, before you book that flight, make sure your passport book is valid for at least 6 months beyond your planned entry date so that it is ready for your trip and your return home.

Passport Requirements for Bahamas Cruise Passengers

Requirements for entering the bahamas by sea.

For those who prefer to travel by sea, whether on a private yacht or a cruise ship, a U.S. passport card or a passport book can be used. The passport card is a more compact, wallet-sized version of the passport book that is valid for 5 years after issuance . It’s valid for entering the United States at land border crossings and sea ports of entry from The Bahamas. 

If you’re in the process of applying for a new passport or a passport renewal , you can apply for a passport card using the same application forms you would to apply for a passport book. To obtain a US passport card, check out our Essential Guide to U.S. Passport Cards: How to Apply and FAQs . 

Requirements for Exiting The Bahamas by Sea

As for returning to the United States by sea , as per the WHTI , U.S. citizens on closed-loop cruises (i.e., cruises that begin and end at the same U.S. port) can enter the United States with a birth certificate and government-issued photo ID .

Be advised, you may still be required to present a passport to enter the countries your cruise ship is visiting . Many closed-loop cruises still make these stops at ports of call. Without a valid passport, you will be stuck on the boat. Be sure to check with your cruise line ahead of your trip to ensure you have the appropriate documents.

Special Considerations For Emergencies That Require Air Travel Back To The U.S.

If an emergency arises while you are staying in The Bahamas that requires you to return to the U.S. by air, a passport card will not be sufficient . To enter or exit The Bahamas by air, you must have a valid passport book .

• To request a passport card with a new US passport , complete the DS-11 application form .
• To request a passport card with a US passport renewal, complete the DS-82 application form .

Should you need to leave The Bahamas by air, you will need to either visit the U.S. Embassy in Nassau , or enlist the help of a passport expediting service to get an emergency passport book issued.

Tourist Visa Information

According to the entry requirements outlined by the Government of The Bahamas Department of Immigration, United States citizens entering as visitors for a stay not exceeding eight (8) months do not require a tourist visa to enter The Bahamas. 

Also, non-U.S. citizens residing in the United States, who hold U.S. Alien Registration Cards, do not need a tourist visa for The Bahamas if their visit is less than 30 days .

To obtain a tourist visa for The Bahamas, U.S. citizens can follow our guide on Tourist Visas . For all other types of visas—business, work, study, transit, or multiple-entry—see our information on visa types, requirements, and how to apply . 

Minors Traveling to The Bahamas

Traveling with kids can create lifelong memories. When planning a trip to The Bahamas with children or infants from the U.S., it’s crucial to keep these key points in mind:

• Passports Are a Must: All U.S. citizens, regardless of age, need a valid passport for international travel by air or on cruises that are not closed-loop. No matter the traveler’s age, a valid US passport with at least 6 months of validity and 2 blank pages for stamps are required for entry and exit for The Bahamas. Need a passport for a minor? Follow our guide on how to get a passport for a minor (age 15 and under). 
• Entry Rules for The Bahamas: Children aged 2 to 11 must have a negative COVID-19 test (Rapid Antigen Test or PCR) taken within 3 days of arrival. Children under 2 are exempt from testing requirements.
• Traveling Without Parents: If a child is traveling without a parent or with someone other than a parent, The Bahamas requires a notarized, signed letter from the absent parent granting permission for the child’s travel . Visit our Minor Travel Consent Form page to learn more and get a free form to use.
• Cruise-Specific Guidelines: For children on a closed-loop cruise (one that starts and ends at the same U.S. port), a passport isn’t required for re-entry to the U.S. However, individual cruise lines may have their own document requirements, so it’s best to check with them when booking.
• Policies Can Change: Always remember to check the latest entry requirements before your trip to The Bahamas.

Safety and Security Tips for Adults and Children

When it comes to safety and security while traveling abroad, it is critical to stay up-to-date on current travel advisories issued by the U.S. Department of State . 

Security Tips for Parents and Guardians Visiting The Bahamas

It is important for parents and guardians to understand that The Bahamas complies with the United States’s policies regarding child safety and abduction protocols. As a result, there is little flexibility when it comes to proper documentation and accountability for visiting children and their parents.

The Bahamas is a participant in the Hague Abduction Convention, an international agreement that establishes a legal process for the swift return of children who have been wrongfully taken or kept away from their home country.

• To file a Hague Application , please visit the DOS website page for more detailed information.

When visiting The Bahamas with children, parents and guardians need to follow these 3 safety tips:

1. Travel Documents: Parents should keep their children’s passports and travel documents with them in case they are required to demonstrate legal custody (copies are usually ok for this purpose if cross-border travel isn’t on the itinerary.

Similarly, if a child is traveling without one of their parents, a notarized letter of consent from the non-traveling parent is required.

2. Respect Strict Legal Custody Rules: A U.S. custody order granting custody or visitation rights to a parent may not be recognized in The Bahamas. If you plan to take a child out of The Bahamas without the other parent’s consent, seek advice from a lawyer .

3. Emergency Contacts: Child should aways be in possession of a copy of vital emergency information including their identity, parental contacts, home contacts, and itinerary so a child could be reunited with their families should they get separated.

• Read more about the benefits of the Smart Travelers Enrollment Program (STEP) .

Security Tips for All American Citizens Visiting The Bahamas

At this time, the U.S. Department of State has issued a Level 2: Exercise Increased Caution for American citizens visiting The Bahamas. If you’re a U.S. citizen planning a trip to The Bahamas, the U.S. Department of State , the U.S. Embassy in The Bahamas , and we at the U.S. Passport Service Guide recommend the following safety measures:

• Register for travel alerts . Sign up for the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) to receive important alerts and make it easier for authorities to locate you in an emergency.
• Stay alert. Be extra careful due to crime, particularly in the eastern part of New Providence Island (Nassau) and on Grand Bahama Island (Freeport). Be cautious when walking or driving after dark and do so in groups, never alone.
• Steer clear of dangerous areas . Pay special attention to the “Over the Hill” area (south of Shirley Street) in Nassau, where gang violence has led to a high rate of homicides.
• Choose safe lodging . Exercise caution when staying at short-term vacation rentals that lack private security.
• Keep a low profile. Stick to tourist spots and travel in groups when possible so as to attract as little attention as possible.
• 1-888-407-4747 (when dialing from within the U.S.)
• 1 (202) 501-4444 (when dialing from overseas)
• Have a personal security plan. Create a security plan for yourself or all members of your party before you travel. Have an agreed-upon meeting place in case any member of your party gets separated from the rest of the group. Make sure that all members of your party have a means to or a list of numbers for contacting each other. 
• Remember that travel conditions change often. Always remember to check the latest travel advisories and entry requirements before your trip.

Health and Medical Information

It is always important to consider your destination country’s local health and medical care when traveling if you or a member of your party should seek health or medical attention while abroad. 

As per the CDC, here’s a simplified guide to healthcare considerations for U.S. citizens traveling to The Bahamas:

1. Follow Vaccination Guidelines: The CDC advises all travelers to be current on routine vaccines before any trip. These include vaccines for:

• Chickenpox (Varicella) 
• Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis
• Flu (influenza)
• Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) – Infants aged 6 to 11 months should receive one dose of the MMR vaccine before travel.

Additionally, Hepatitis A and B vaccines are suggested for all unvaccinated travelers, regardless of age. 

The Typhoid vaccine is also recommended, particularly for travelers staying with friends or relatives or visiting smaller cities or rural areas.

Currently, the U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to or foreign residents of The Bahamas.

At this time, the COVID-19 vaccination is not mandatory to enter The Bahamas; however, travelers must be aware of COVID-19 testing and U.S. entry requirements :

• COVID-19 Testing Requirements: All travelers, whether fully vaccinated or unvaccinated, who wish to enter The Bahamas must take a COVID-19 test (either Rapid Antigen Test or PCR) and receive a negative result within 5 days of their arrival . 
• U.S. Entry Requirements: Since May 11, 2023, U.S. citizen air travelers are no longer required to present proof of full vaccination with an approved COVID-19 vaccine to board a flight to the United States.

Please bear in mind that these requirements are subject to change. Stay up-to-date with the most current travel requirements and recommendations via the U.S. Embassy in The Bahamas COVID-19 Information page , the CDC’s list of required vaccines and medicines for entering The Bahamas , or through the Office of the Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas . 

2. Health Care in The Bahamas: The Bahamian government offers a broad range of healthcare services to both Bahamian and non-Bahamian residents. Plan how you will access health care during your trip, if necessary. It’s a good idea to carry a list of local doctors and hospitals at your destination.

3. Health Insurance Review: Check your health insurance plan to understand what medical services it covers during your trip abroad. Consider buying travel health and medical evacuation insurance. Carry a card that, in the local language, identifies your blood type, any chronic conditions or serious allergies, and the generic names of any medications you take.

• For more information, see the U.S. Department of State’s Your Health Abroad page.

Health Tips for All Visitors to The Bahamas

The Bahamas is a gorgeous tropical destination with beautiful weather, ample sunshine, stunning beaches, and warm waters making it the perfect destination to either relax or participate in outdoor activities.

Whether you’re spending your time in The Bahamas sunning on the beach, lounging by the water, or seeking outdoor adventure, here are a few important safety tips to follow:

• Sun Safety: The Bahamas experiences an average daily temperature of 83ºF (28ºC). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that you shield yourself from UV rays by applying sunscreen with at least SPF 15 , wearing protective clothing, and seeking shade during peak sun hours (10 a.m.–4 p.m.). Extra caution is advised during summer months and at high altitudes.
• Water Safety: Always pay attention to local weather and marine alerts before participating in water-based activities. Stick to designated swimming areas, do not dive in shallow waters, obey lifeguards, and heed beach warning flags. When boating, adhere to all safety laws, avoid alcohol if you’re at the helm, and always wear a life jacket. Additionally, the CDC warns : Steer clear of freshwater swimming in areas that are developing or have poor sanitation; be careful not to ingest water while swimming, as untreated water can contain harmful germs; and avoid potential infections by wearing water shoes on beaches that may be contaminated with animal waste.
• Adventure Sports Safety: Adventure tourism activities in The Bahamas may lack strict regulation. Always choose a reputable company that offers liability and personal insurance coverage. A good rule of thumb is to book tours through your accommodations, many reputable hotels offer safety-regulated tours and activities for tourists. 

Local Laws and Considerations

When traveling to any international destination, you need to be aware of local laws and proper etiquette to avoid unnecessary violations.

When visiting The Bahamas, visitors must be aware of the following :  

• Local Laws: All visitors are subject to Bahamian laws, even unknowingly, you could face penalties, including expulsion, arrest, or imprisonment , for any violations. Additionally, some laws are also prosecutable in the U.S. , regardless of Bahamian law.  
• Drug Laws: All marijuana products, including those containing CBD or THC, are illegal in The Bahamas. This applies even if you have a prescription or medical card. Possession or use of illegal drugs in The Bahamas can lead to imprisonment.
• Firearms : Firearms, ammunition, and other weapons are not permitted in The Bahamas without a legally issued Bahamian gun license. If you’re entering Bahamian waters with a firearm or ammunition on board a boat, you must declare it at the first point of entry.

Please be aware: If you’re arrested or detained in The Bahamas, you must request that the U.S. Embassy be notified immediately . Be aware that Bahamian laws do not include a right to a public defender in lower courts, so any legal representation will be at your own expense .

See the U.S. Embassy in The Bahamas Arrest of a U.S. Citizen page for further information as well as a l ist of attorneys and American citizen services in The Bahamas . 

For more information on local laws and special considerations for U.S. citizens visiting The Bahamas, see the U.S. Department of State’s The Bahamas International Travel page.

Travel to The Bahamas: FAQs

For over 20 years, we have helped readers with their passport and international travel questions. Here are some of the most common and interesting questions we have received about travel to The Bahamas. Below, we share our answers to many of these reader’s questions along with important resources to help them, and you, prepare for the travel requirements.

Q: “I’m traveling to The Bahamas. Do I need a passport book or passport card?”

A: Your travel document requirements for a trip to The Bahamas hinge on your mode of transportation. Here’s what you need to know:

• Air Travel: If you’re flying, a passport book is mandatory.
• Sea Travel: For sea journeys, a passport card is sufficient.

Regardless of how you travel, ensure that your passport is valid from the moment you enter until you leave The Bahamas. Also, it should have 2 empty visa pages for the entry stamp.

To apply for a passport book, passport card, or both, you’ll need to fill out the DS-11 Application Form . For comprehensive instructions and to download the form, please view our instructions for How to Apply for a New Passport .

Q: “We are planning on taking our teenage grandson on a cruise this summer to The Bahamas. Does he need a passport?”

A: If you’re a U.S. citizen heading to The Bahamas by sea, here’s what you need to know:

• Private or Commercial Vessels: A valid passport is required.
• Closed-Loop Cruises : If your cruise starts and ends at the same U.S. port, you can use a passport, passport card, or other WHTI-compliant document . However, it’s wise to have a passport in case you need to fly back due to an emergency.

Always check with your cruise line about the cruise type and necessary travel documents.

Q: “Does my 6-year-old daughter require a passport to visit The Bahamas by cruise?”

A: If your daughter is planning a cruise to The Bahamas, she will typically need a passport. However, there are exceptions for what’s known as a “ closed-loop cruise ”—a cruise that starts and ends at the same U.S. port.

For these closed-loop cruises, U.S. citizens can depart and re-enter the U.S. with proof of citizenship, such as a birth certificate and a government-issued photo ID.

If your daughter is 15 years old or younger , she can present:

• an original or a copy of her birth certificate , or 
• a Consular Report of Birth Abroad issued by the Department of State, 
• a Certificate of Naturalization issued by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.

However, be aware that even on a closed-loop cruise, your daughter might need to present a passport at foreign ports your cruise ship visits. This depends on the specific requirements of the islands or countries you’ll be docking at.

It’s always a good idea to check with your cruise line for the most accurate information on required travel documents for your specific cruise.

If you need to get a passport for your child, follow our complete instructions on How to Get a Child’s Passport .

Q: “My daughter will be 13 at the time of travel. We will be leaving Florida and going on a 3-day cruise to the Bahamas. We will then be returning to Florida. Does she need a passport for a cruise to The Bahamas?

A: When planning a cruise, consider these key points:

1. U.S. Exit and Re-entry – For closed-loop cruises (those starting and ending at the same U.S. port), U.S. citizens can use proof of citizenship like a birth certificate and government-issued photo ID to exit and re-enter the U.S. 

For those under 15 , a birth certificate, Consular Report of Birth Abroad, or Certificate of Naturalization is enough. For non-closed-loop cruises, a passport is necessary.

2. Foreign Entry and Departure – Even on a closed-loop cruise, docking at a foreign port may require a passport, depending on the country. While The Bahamas only requires proof of citizenship and identity, check the foreign entry requirements for other countries your cruise may visit.

3. Cruise Line Requirements – Some cruise lines require all passengers to have a valid passport due to varying interpretations of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative. Always check with your cruise line for document requirements.

Q: “I am traveling to Nassau, Bahamas, and need to get a passport. How do I get a passport expedited in 3 days by visiting a regional agency? What can I do?

A: Visit the nearest regional agency without an appointment. If you arrive at the regional agency when it opens and are allowed in, then you should get your passport the same day. If you are not allowed to submit your application, then you would still have time to submit it through a professional expediting service .

Q: “If we are traveling to The Bahamas from the US, will a passport card work fine? And will it last for 5 years like the passport book does for minors?

A: A passport card can only be used for land or sea travel. If you plan to travel by air, you must obtain a passport book. The requirements for both are the same and there is one application form for both.

Also, the minor’s passport card is valid for 5 years just like the passport book. Once it expires, you will have to apply for a new Child Passport .

Q: “I will be taking a cruise to The Bahamas. I was made aware that one now needs a U.S. passport or passport card to travel to The Bahamas. My passport expires on the day I return from the cruise; will I still be allowed to re-enter the United States? I read somewhere that a passport is valid until midnight of the expiration date. Thanks!

A:  Your U.S. passport remains valid until midnight on its expiration date, so you can re-enter the U.S. on that day without issues.

For trips to The Bahamas, you’ll need a passport book or card to re-enter the U.S., unless you’re on a closed-loop cruise (one that starts and ends at the same U.S. port). In this case, a passport isn’t necessary for re-entry to the U.S.

However, the countries your cruise visits may require a passport . For The Bahamas, you’ll need:

• proof of citizenship (a passport, or an original/certified birth certificate with photo ID, can serve as proof of citizenship)
• evidence of your return journey , 
• and proof of funds for your visit . 

It’s always best to check with your cruise line for specific document requirements.

Q: “We are traveling with a 4 and 2-year-old on a Disney cruise. We fly from Maryland to Florida where we board our ship and sail to The Bahamas. Four days later, we sail from the Bahamas back to Florida and then fly from Florida to Maryland.

The information on the Disney website states we need to obtain passports for our children. I saw the information about the passport card instead of a passport book and wondered if that would work as identification for our children or if we need to get them actual passports.

A:  For U.S. citizens on a closed-loop cruise (one that starts and ends at the same U.S. port), passports aren’t needed for re-entry to the U.S. Children under 16 can use an original or certified copy of their birth certificat e. It’s advisable to confirm passport requirements with your cruise line.

The U.S. Passport Card , a more convenient and cheaper alternative to the passport book, can be used for entry into the U.S. from Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda via land or sea. However, it’s not valid for international air travel.

The application process and requirements for the passport card are the same as for the passport book . If you foresee a need for a passport book for your children in the future, consider applying for it now. Otherwise, the passport card should be sufficient for your Bahamas trip.

Given the high demand for passport cards, it’s recommended to apply well ahead of your trip. Regular processing takes 6-8 weeks , while expedited service takes 2-3 weeks . If you need the passport cards in less than 2 weeks , you’ll need to visit a regional agency or use a professional expediter .

For more details, see our guide on obtaining a child’s passport .

Q: “My passport expires in April next year, so I need to get it renewed. However, I cannot be without my passport for any length of time, as I often travel to other countries such as The Bahamas by sea or air with little warning.

How can I get my passport renewed while keeping my current passport in my possession? I live in East Central Florida, so going to the Miami passport office is not an option.

A: It is not possible to renew your current passport without submitting it with the application form. That is one of the requirements.

Requesting expedited service by mail takes 2-3 weeks. The only way to obtain a passport renewal quicker is to personally visit the Miami agency or employ the services of a professional expediter who can get the passport renewed as quickly as the same day. 

Q: “My son’s passport is valid until August of this year but his photo is 5 years old and, at 16, the difference between then and now is significant. When traveling on an exchange program to Germany two years ago, German Officials questioned him regarding the validity of his photo.

Now, as we prepare to travel to The Bahamas in April, I’m concerned we’ll encounter trouble.

I have been unable to get this concern addressed via FAQs on web pages. Can you advise?

A: If your son was questioned about his passport photo two years ago, there is a good chance that border agents in The Bahamas could do the same.

There is no way to update a passport photo other than applying for a new passport . Since your son’s passport will expire this year, you may want to do this even though he will lose some of the remaining validity.

Since your son is 16, parents are not required to appear with him. Also, his new passport will be valid for 10 years. One suggestion, if you prefer to wait, is to carry some photos of your son taken from the time he received his passport until now.

Q: “My daughter was born in the USA. I am a permanent US resident. My daughter is 6 years old. She has a birth certificate. Does she require a passport to visit The Bahamas by cruise?

A: Your daughter does require a passport to go on a cruise to the Bahamas UNLESS it is a closed-loop cruise AND one is not required by the cruise line.

U.S. citizens on closed-loop cruises (cruises that begin and end at the same port in the U.S.) can depart and re-enter the country with proof of citizenship, such as a birth certificate and government-issued photo ID.

A United States citizen age 15 or younger can present:

• either an original or a copy of his or her birth certificate , 
• a Consular Report of Birth Abroad issued by DOS, or 

Please note that your daughter may still be required to present a passport when you dock at a foreign port, depending on the islands or countries that your cruise ship is visiting.

It is best to check with your cruise line . They can better inform you concerning the documents required for the cruise you will be on.

For instructions on how to get a passport for your child, visit How to Get a Child’s Passport .

Get Your Passport and Enjoy Your Trip to The Bahamas

Understanding the entry and exit requirements for traveling to and from The Bahamas is crucial for a smooth and hassle-free journey. Whether you’re traveling by air or sea, a valid U.S. passport is a must. Remember to check the validity of your passport to make sure that it has at least 6 months from the date of entry to The Bahamas as well as 2 blank pages for stamps . 

Need a passport fast? Visit our curated list of the top passport expediting services . These professionals can help you get a passport as quickly as 24-48 hours in some cases and help make sure your trip to The Bahamas goes off without a hitch.

Once you are sure your passport is in order, remember to stay informed of the most current travel advisories as well as health and travel requirements to help ensure your safety during your visit to The Bahamas. 

The Bahamas, with its tropical weather, stunning beaches, and warm waters, is a wonderful destination, and being well-prepared can help you make the most of your trip abroad.

About the Author: For over 20 years, the U.S. Passport Service Guide team has helped hundreds of thousands of travelers with their travel document questions and shared advice about how to make traveling abroad simpler, safer, and more enjoyable.

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Baltimore cruises to reroute after bridge collapse pauses port traffic

Carnival, royal caribbean will move some operations to norfolk while baltimore recovers from key bridge collapse.

Cruise lines are scrambling to make alternative plans and avoid the Port of Baltimore while officials suspend vessel traffic amid cleanup and rescue efforts around the Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse.

Three major cruise lines sail from Baltimore, though no ships were in port Tuesday morning. The next cruise was scheduled to depart Sunday, but its operator confirmed late Tuesday afternoon that the voyage would instead head out from Norfolk.

Amira M. Hairston, a spokeswoman for the Baltimore port, said in an email that the status of the upcoming cruise ship schedule is not yet known.

“At this time we do not know how long vessel traffic will be suspended. As soon as that is determined we will provide an update. Until then please keep those involved in your prayers,” Hairston wrote.

Royal Caribbean International’s Vision of the Seas left Saturday for a 12-night southern Caribbean cruise with plans to return April 4. The cruise line said in a statement Tuesday that it was “closely monitoring the situation, and our port logistics team is currently working on alternatives for Vision of the Seas’ ongoing and upcoming sailings.”

On Thursday, the cruise company said the current sailing would end in Norfolk.

“Our guests on board will be provided compensation and complimentary shuttle transportation as well as Wi-Fi and phone calls to adjust their travel arrangements,” Royal Caribbean said.

Upcoming cruises on April 4 and 12 will sail from Norfolk as well, and passengers will be compensated for the change. The ship was already scheduled for maintenance in the Bahamas after the April 12 cruise.

“We are deeply saddened by the tragedy and collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge and extend our heartfelt prayers to all those impacted,” the company said.

Carnival Legend set off Sunday for a seven-day Bahamas cruise; the ship was scheduled to return March 31 and depart for its next sailing the same day. Instead of coming back to Baltimore, Carnival said late Tuesday, it will end its trip in Norfolk, and free buses will bring passengers back to Baltimore.

The ship’s next seven-day cruise will leave Norfolk and return to the port. In a news release , Carnival said it would temporarily move Baltimore operations to Norfolk “while Key Bridge rescue and cleanup efforts continue.”

“Our thoughts remain with the impacted families and first responders in Baltimore,” Christine Duffy, president of Carnival Cruise Line, said in a statement. “We appreciate the pledge made by President Biden today to dedicate all available resources to reopen Baltimore Harbor to marine traffic as soon as possible. As those plans are finalized, we will update our future cruise guests on when we will return home to Baltimore, but in the meantime, we appreciate the quick response and support from officials in Norfolk.”

Carnival Pride is supposed to start sailing from Baltimore next month, mostly to the Bahamas and eastern Caribbean.

Norwegian Cruise Line does not have cruises scheduled out of the port until later this year. American Cruise Lines, a U.S. river cruise operator, has Chesapeake Bay trips on small vessels scheduled from Baltimore starting in May. The cruise line said it will monitor developments “and make adjustments if needed.”

Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) said it was “deeply saddened” by the bridge collapse and was closely following the situation. “Right now, the most important thing to do is to allow the emergency workers to do their work,” the group wrote in a statement.

This year, 12 ships are scheduled to make a total of 115 calls at the Port of Baltimore, the industry association said. With room for roughly 2,000 or 2,100 passengers at double occupancy, most Baltimore-based ships are much smaller than the record-breaking behemoths that sail from Florida ports.

“Any adjustments to current cruise activity at the port will be announced as soon as available by the individual cruise lines,” CLIA said in its statement.

A news release issued last month by Maryland Gov. Wes Moore’s office said that more than 444,000 individuals cruised out of the Port of Baltimore last year, the most since 2012. The Maryland Port Administration said in a news release last year that the cruise industry generates nearly 400 jobs and $63 million in revenue every year for local businesses.

The port positions itself as a convenient option for cruising year-round, thanks to its location off Interstate 95 and plentiful parking. More than 40 million people live within a six-hour drive of the city, the port administration says.

Baltimore bridge collapse

How it happened: Baltimore’s Francis Scott Key Bridge collapsed after being hit by a cargo ship . The container ship lost power shortly before hitting the bridge, Maryland Gov. Wes Moore (D) said. Video shows the bridge collapse in under 40 seconds.

Victims: Divers have recovered the bodies of two construction workers , officials said. They were fathers, husbands and hard workers . A mayday call from the ship prompted first responders to shut down traffic on the four-lane bridge, saving lives.

Economic impact: The collapse of the bridge severed ocean links to the Port of Baltimore, which provides about 20,000 jobs to the area . See how the collapse will disrupt the supply of cars, coal and other goods .

Rebuilding: The bridge, built in the 1970s , will probably take years and cost hundreds of millions of dollars to rebuild , experts said.

Travel | Royal Caribbean cruise ship rerouting…

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Travel | royal caribbean cruise ship rerouting operations to norfolk from baltimore.

Nauticus will host a Royal Caribbean cruise ship’s calls in April that were originally planned for Baltimore following the collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge.

Vision of the Seas , a 2,500-passenger vessel, was scheduled to return to Baltimore on April 4, but will instead debark its guests in Norfolk, according to a Nauticus news release. Many passengers will take buses back to their vehicles in Baltimore.

The ship will depart for two additional cruises from Norfolk on April 4 and April 12, returning a final time April 19.

Vision of the Seas will join another Baltimore-based cruise ship, Carnival Legend, in rerouting its operations to Norfolk after the bridge collapse curtailed ship traffic to and from the Port of Baltimore.

The bridge collapsed Tuesday, killing six people on a construction crew working on the span, after the cargo ship Dali hit one of its supports.

As cruise ships reroute to Nauticus, the Port of Virginia is ready to receive diverted cargo traffic from the Port of Baltimore. The collapsed bridge blocks the only channel in and out of the port on the Patapsco River. The port will be unable to receive shipping traffic until the channel is cleared , and stands to lose an estimated $15 million per day in economic activity.

Cianna Morales, 757-957-1304, [email protected]

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Local News | Carnival cruise passengers to return to Norfolk…

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Local news | key bridge collapse live updates: patapsco not contaminated, tests show; weather delays ship container removal, local news | carnival cruise passengers to return to norfolk instead of baltimore after key bridge collapse.

Carnival Cruise ships will be rerouted to Norfolk, Virginia, after the collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge closed the Port of Baltimore for the foreseeable future.

Cruise passengers in the middle of a seven-day trip to the Bahamas on the Carnival Legend that was scheduled to return to Baltimore on Sunday will instead disembark in the southeastern Virginia city, according to Christine Duffy, president of Carnival Cruise Line.

Passengers will receive complimentary bus transportation back to Baltimore, a distance of about 233 miles, Duffy said in a news release late Tuesday.

In addition, future cruises on the Carnival Legend and Carnival Pride, including one scheduled to leave on Sunday, will depart and return from the southeastern Virginia city.

As the cruise industry struggles to reroute ships, at least one expert doesn’t think the damage done to the travel ship business — nationally or in Baltimore — will likely be permanent.

Carolyn Spencer Brown, a travel journalist, consultant and former editor of Cruise Critic, an online review website, said that the industry has rebounded from the losses it incurred during the COVID-19 pandemic resulting from social distancing mandates and well-publicized reports of shipboard illness.

“Cruises for the next few months are fully booked,” Brown said. “In the short-term, the cruise lines are scrambling like mad to figure out how to reroute their ships and how to minimize the inconvenience to travelers.

“The long-term effect will depend on how the bridge is rebuilt. Baltimore is never going to be a superpower port, but it has a lot to offer. It has the capacity to be a bigger cruise port than it is now.”

According to the Cruise Lines International Association, Baltimore is the nation’s 29th busiest port, moving about 378,000 passengers annually. Twelve ships were scheduled to dock at the port 115 times during 2024, the Association said.

The Port of Baltimore’s Cruise Maryland Terminal is home to four cruise lines: Carnival, Royal Caribbean, Norwegian and American Cruises.

Royal Caribbean is currently in the midst of a 12-night Caribbean cruise aboard the Vision of the Seas that departed March 23 and was scheduled to return to Baltimore April 4. The cruise line wrote in an email on Tuesday that “our port logistics team is currently working on alternatives for Vision of the Seas’ ongoing and upcoming sailings” and that updates would be communicated to passengers.

Norwegian, a relatively new line at the port which provides cruises between Baltimore and New England and Canada, Bermuda and the Caribbean, operates a fall and winter schedule and had no cruises scheduled immediately for Baltimore.

American’s cruises currently are departing from Washington, according to a spokeswoman; the earliest departures from Baltimore are not on the schedule until May.

Before Tuesday, the Port of Baltimore was responsible for 400 jobs and generated about $63 million in revenue annually for local businesses, according to a report issued last September by the Maryland Port Administration.

U.S. President Joe Biden has pledged federal resources to rebuild the Key Bridge.

More than 40 million people live within a six-hour drive of Baltimore, according to the Port Administration; Brown said that if the new bridge were taller, it could generate additional cruise business for the city.

“The biggest ships haven’t been able to come to Baltimore because they couldn’t pass under the bridge,” she said.

“What Baltimore offers is a very wonderful experience that is close to home. Cruising down the Chesapeake Bay is magical. You see parts of the bay you’ve never seen before.”

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The Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse is impacting cruises and could cause up to $10 million in losses for Carnival

By Caitlin O'Kane

Updated on: March 28, 2024 / 10:22 PM EDT / CBS News

The Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse  has impacted cruise travel in Baltimore. Carnival Cruise Line had to temporarily move its Baltimore operations to Norfolk, Virginia, as the Baltimore Harbor has been closed to marine traffic — which could cause up to a $10 million monetary loss for the company. 

The company's ship, Carnival Legend, was scheduled to return to Baltimore on  Sunday, March 31, but guests will instead go to Norfolk. There will be a complimentary bus service to get back to Baltimore from that port, Carnival announced on Tuesday . The drive between these cities could be up to five hours long. 

The upcoming Carnival Legend cruise on March 31 will depart and return to Norfolk. 

"Our thoughts remain with the impacted families and first responders in Baltimore," Christine Duffy, president of Carnival Cruise Line, said in a statement. "We appreciate the pledge made by President Biden today to dedicate all available resources to reopen Baltimore Harbor to marine traffic as soon as possible. As those plans are finalized, we will update our future cruise guests on when we will return home to Baltimore, but in the meantime, we appreciate the quick response and support from officials in Norfolk."

"We will continue to actively monitor the situation and look forward to getting back to Baltimore as soon as possible," a Carnival spokesperson said in a statement to CBS News.

As for the impact on business, the spokesperson told CBS News the company expects a less than $10 million impact on both adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization as well as its adjusted net income for the full year 2024. 

Cruise Lines International Association , the largest cruise industry trade association, says 12 cruise ships made 115 trips through Baltimore in 2024. And in 2023, about 444,000 cruise passengers moved through the port, the 29th largest in the U.S.

Other cruise companies like Royal Caribbean and American Cruise Lines also have ships that go to Baltimore, however, it is unclear if those lines have been impacted yet. CBS News reached out to several cruise companies for comment. 

The bridge collapsed around 1:30 a.m. on Tuesday when a cargo ship, called the Dali , lost power and crashed into one of the bridge's columns. The ship made a mayday call ahead of the crash and first responders were able to prevent cars from driving onto the bridge, but eight construction workers  were on the structure pouring concrete.

Two of the construction workers were recovered alive, but the other six were presumed dead on Tuesday. Two bodies were found in a construction vehicle  submerged in the water on Wednesday. 

Following the incident, Maryland Governor Wes Moore declared a state of emergency and President Biden said the federal government would pay for the entire cost of reconstructing the bridge, which is still sitting in the river, on top of the cargo ship, which had 22 people on board – none of them harmed.

Baltimore is the ninth-busiest port in the nation and handled a record 11.7 million tons of cargo last year,  the Associated Press reports. More than 50 shipping and cruise ship companies do business with the port, mainly moving cars, coal, wood, steel, aluminum, home appliances, furniture, sugar and liquefied natural gas. 

"For everybody who is buying cars, for everybody who is (buying) farm equipment, we're the largest port in the country that does that," Maryland Gov. Wes Moore said . "So this is not just impacting Maryland."

Shipping companies and automakers will likely divert ships heading to Baltimore to other East Coast cities, experts say, according to the AP.

Ships waiting to get into Baltimore were stalled after the incident, with many drifting in the North Atlantic, waiting to be assigned to a new port, according to Windward Maritime, which analyzes maritime data. 

Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg said rebuilding the bridge  won't be easy or cheap. "That does not necessarily mean it will take five years to replace, but that tells you what went into that original structure going up," he said. "We need to get a sense of the conditions, of the parts that look ok, to the naked eye, but we just don't know yet, especially in terms of their foundational infrastructure."

Caitlin O'Kane is a New York City journalist who works on the CBS News social media team as a senior manager of content and production. She writes about a variety of topics and produces "The Uplift," CBS News' streaming show that focuses on good news.

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Here's When You Need (and Don't Need) a Passport to Cruise

T o determine whether or not you need a passport to cruise, you first need to figure out if the itinerary is closed-loop or open-loop (also known as open-jaw).

Closed-loop cruise: A closed-loop cruise typically doesn't require a passport since it begins and ends in the same U.S. port (though there are some exceptions to this rule).

Example: Royal Caribbean International 's seven-night Western Caribbean & Perfect Day cruise stops in several countries – the Bahamas, Jamaica, Haiti and Grand Cayman – but the itinerary is considered closed-loop because it starts and ends in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

Open-loop cruise: An open-loop cruise begins in one U.S. port and ends in a different U.S. port.

Example: Carnival Cruise Line 's 16-day Panama Canal from Seattle itinerary is not considered closed-loop because it departs from Seattle and completes its journey in New Orleans.

All of the above regulations have been determined by the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative: a plan by the departments of State and Homeland Security that determines which documents are acceptable for proving identity and citizenship when entering the United States.

Where to cruise without a passport

There are several destinations where you can cruise without a passport on a closed-loop sailing. They include the following:

• The Bahamas

When looking at cruises to these locations, be mindful of the home ports. The Bahamas, Mexico, Bermuda, the Caribbean and Canada are all foreign ports, which means they only qualify for the passport exception if they are a stop along your cruise itinerary . If the cruise originates in any of these countries, it is likely you will need a passport.

Since Alaska, Hawaii and New England are all U.S. destinations, any closed-loop routes departing from these locations will not require a passport. However, keep in mind that it can be hard to find closed-loop cruises originating in Hawaii or Alaska.

To find closed-loop itineraries for a Hawaiian voyage or Alaskan cruise , try searching for sailings departing from major cities on the West Coast, like Seattle or Los Angeles . By contrast, quite a few closed-loop cruises leave from New England ports, but they are often marketed as Canadian cruises.

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When you need a passport for closed-loop cruises

Some cruise itineraries include foreign ports that require a passport for disembarkation. This is most commonly an issue for travelers on a closed-loop Caribbean cruise. Barbados , Guadeloupe , Haiti, Martinique , St. Barts , and Trinidad and Tobago all require U.S. citizens to present a valid passport to disembark and enter the country, despite WHTI regulations not requiring a passport for these destinations. Labadee, Royal Caribbean's private island , is an exception and does not require a passport despite its location in Haiti.

If your itinerary includes a country requiring a U.S. passport, your cruise line will require you to have the passport at check-in. Note that your passport must not expire within six months of your arrival in a foreign country or else it won't be considered valid for international travel.

Read: The Easiest Way to Renew Your Passport

Acceptable forms of ID

All travelers – U.S. citizens and foreign nationals alike – must present documents that show identity and citizenship when entering the United States. A U.S. passport can show both. If you don't have one or don't want to bring one, be aware that you may need to present more than one document.

U.S. citizens 16 and older

If you're a U.S. citizen age 16 or older sailing on a closed-loop cruise without your passport, you will need a government-issued photo ID like a driver's license. In addition, you must present a document that proves your U.S. citizenship. These include:

• Passport card
• State-issued enhanced driver's license (EDL)
• Government-issued birth certificate
• Trusted Traveler Program card (NEXUS, SENTRI or FAST)
• American Indian Card (Form I-872) or Enhanced Tribal ID Card

The Trusted Traveler Programs are risk-based programs to facilitate the entry of travelers who have been vetted and preapproved. Most of these programs will provide you with a machine-readable card that allows you to pass through border checkpoints quickly. Keep in mind, some of these IDs are only available to travelers 16 and older.

Read: TSA Precheck vs. Global Entry

U.S. citizens younger than 16

U.S. citizens younger than 16 are only required to present proof of citizenship, such as one of the following documents:

• Original, notarized or certified copy of their government-issued birth certificate
• Consular Report of Birth Abroad issued by U.S. Department of State
• Certificate of Naturalization issued by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

Read: How to Get a Passport for Kids

Non-U.S. citizens

If you are a lawful permanent resident (or LPR) of the United States, you are required to present a permanent resident card or other valid evidence of permanent residence status.

Non-U.S. citizens, with the exception of Canadians and Mexicans, are not subject to passport exceptions, so a valid passport will need to be provided. Canadian citizens can present a valid passport, Enhanced Driver's License or Trusted Traveler Program card. Mexican citizens must present a passport with a visa or a Border Crossing Card.

Unacceptable forms of ID

While most common forms of identification are accepted, there are a few exceptions. U.S. military identification cards and U.S. Merchant Mariner documents are valid forms of identification, but only when traveling on official orders or in conjunction with official maritime business, so it is unlikely they will be accepted when traveling on a cruise.

Here are some other documents that will not be accepted as proof of citizenship:

• Voter registration cards
• Social Security cards
• Baptismal papers
• Hospital certificates of birth (for anyone older than a newborn)

It is important to note that many of the permitted forms of identification, such as a passport card or EDL, are only accepted at land and sea border crossings. Unforeseen circumstances, such as a medical air evacuation, may cause you to return to the U.S. by air travel. In this case, these documents won't be accepted when you try to reenter at the border crossing.

To avoid extra delays in your return to the U.S. following unforeseen travel complications, the Department of State recommends that everyone taking a cruise from the United States carry a valid passport book in case of emergency.

Why Trust U.S. News Travel

Erin Vasta has traveled extensively to international destinations, gaining a deep knowledge of travel regulations in the process. Her expertise in this area has saved her family and friends from unnecessary travel delays and ensured stress-free trips through border security in nearly 15 countries. To write this article, Vasta used her international travel experience and research skills.

You might also be interested in:

• The Top Passport Holders
• Cruise Packing List: Essentials to Bring
• Safe at Sea: The Best Cruise Insurance

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