central america tourism facts

Travel, Tourism & Hospitality

International tourism in Central America - statistics & facts

International tourism: a key sector for the region’s economy, strengths and weaknesses of tourism in central american countries, key insights.

Detailed statistics

Total tourism GDP in Central America 2019-2021

Total contribution of travel and tourism to employment in Central America 2019-2021

Inbound tourism spending in Central America 1995-2021

Editor’s Picks Current statistics on this topic

Current statistics on this topic.

Inbound tourism share over total tourism spending in Central America 2019-2021

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Recommended statistics

• Basic Statistic Total tourism GDP in Central America 2019-2021
• Basic Statistic Total contribution of travel and tourism to employment in Central America 2019-2021
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism volume in Central America 1995-2021
• Premium Statistic U.S. outbound tourism volume to Latin America and the Caribbean 2011-2021
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism intensity in Central American countries 2019-2021
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism spending in Central America 1995-2021
• Premium Statistic Contribution of inbound tourism to Central American exports 2019-2021, by country
• Basic Statistic Inbound tourism share over total tourism spending in Central America 2019-2021

Total contribution of travel and tourism to the gross domestic product in Central America from 2019 to 2021 (in billion U.S. dollars)

Number of jobs in travel and tourism in Central America from 2019 to 2021 (in millions)

Inbound tourism volume in Central America 1995-2021

Number of international tourist arrivals in Central America from 1995 to 2021 (in millions)

U.S. outbound tourism volume to Latin America and the Caribbean 2011-2021

Number of citizens of the United States who traveled to Latin America and the Caribbean from 2011 to 2021, by region (in millions)

Inbound tourism intensity in Central American countries 2019-2021

Average number of international tourists per inhabitant in Central America from 2019 to 2021, by country

Expenditure of international tourists in Central America from 1995 to 2021 (in billion U.S. dollars)

Contribution of inbound tourism to Central American exports 2019-2021, by country

Expenditure of international tourists as a share of total exports in Central America from 2019 to 2021, by country

Expenditure of international tourists as a percentage of total tourism spending in Central America from 2019 to 2021, by country

Tourism volume

• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism volume in Costa Rica 2010-2022
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism volume in Panama 2010-2022
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism volume in El Salvador 2010-2021
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism volume in Guatemala 2010-2022
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism volume in Nicaragua 2010-2021
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism volume in Honduras 2010-2022
• Premium Statistic Inbound tourism volume in Belize 2010-2022

Inbound tourism volume in Costa Rica 2010-2022

Number of international tourist arrivals in Costa Rica from 2010 to 2022 (in 1,000s)

Inbound tourism volume in Panama 2010-2022

Number of international tourist arrivals in Panama from 2010 to 2022 (in 1,000s)

Inbound tourism volume in El Salvador 2010-2021

Number of international tourist arrivals in El Salvador from 2010 to 2021 (in 1,000s)

Inbound tourism volume in Guatemala 2010-2022

Number of international tourist arrivals in Guatemala from 2010 to 2022 (in 1,000s)

Inbound tourism volume in Nicaragua 2010-2021

Number of international tourist arrivals in Nicaragua from 2010 to 2021 (in 1,000s)

Inbound tourism volume in Honduras 2010-2022

Number of international tourist arrivals in Honduras from 2010 to 2022 (in 1,000s)

Inbound tourism volume in Belize 2010-2022

Number of international tourist arrivals in Belize from 2010 to 2022 (in 1,000s)

Tourism expenditures

• Premium Statistic International tourism spending in Costa Rica 2010-2021
• Premium Statistic International tourism spending in Panama 2016-2022
• Premium Statistic International tourism spending in El Salvador 2010-2021, by category
• Premium Statistic International tourism spending in Guatemala 2010-2020
• Premium Statistic International tourism spending in Nicaragua 2010-2022
• Premium Statistic International tourism spending in Honduras 2010-2021
• Premium Statistic International tourism spending in Belize 2011-2020

International tourism spending in Costa Rica 2010-2021

Expenditure of international tourists in Costa Rica from 2010 to 2021 (in billion U.S. dollars)

International tourism spending in Panama 2016-2022

Expenditure of international tourists in Panama from 2016 to 2022 (in billion Panamanian balboas)

International tourism spending in El Salvador 2010-2021, by category

Expenditure of international tourists in El Salvador from 2010 to 2021, by main category (in million U.S. dollars)

International tourism spending in Guatemala 2010-2020

Expenditure of international tourists in Guatemala from 2010 to 2020 (in million U.S. dollars)

International tourism spending in Nicaragua 2010-2022

Expenditure of international tourists in Nicaragua from 2010 to 2022 (in million U.S. dollars)

International tourism spending in Honduras 2010-2021

Expenditure of international tourists in Honduras from 2010 to 2021 (in million U.S. dollars)

International tourism spending in Belize 2011-2020

Expenditure of international tourists in Belize from 2011 to 2020 (in million Belize dollars)

Cruise tourism

• Premium Statistic Cruise ship calls in Central America 2018-2023, by coastline
• Premium Statistic Cruise ship calls in Central American countries 2023, by coastline
• Premium Statistic Cruise ship calls in Central American Caribbean ports 2023
• Premium Statistic Cruise ship calls in Central American Pacific ports 2021
• Premium Statistic Cruise passenger traffic in Central America 2014-2020, by type
• Premium Statistic Cruise tourist arrivals in Belize 2010-2022

Cruise ship calls in Central America 2018-2023, by coastline

Number of cruise vessels calling at ports in Central America from 2018 to 2023, by coastline

Cruise ship calls in Central American countries 2023, by coastline

Number of cruise vessels calling at ports in Central America in 2023, by country and coastline

Cruise ship calls in Central American Caribbean ports 2023

Number of cruise vessels calling in the Central American Caribbean coastline in 2023, by port

Cruise ship calls in Central American Pacific ports 2021

Number of cruise vessels calling in the Central American Pacific coastline in 2021, by port

Cruise passenger traffic in Central America 2014-2020, by type

Number of cruise passengers handled in Central America from 2014 to 2020, by status (in 1,000s)

Cruise tourist arrivals in Belize 2010-2022

Number of cruise passenger arrivals in Belize from 2010 to 2022 (in 1,000s)

Accommodation offer

• Premium Statistic Number of hotels in Costa Rica 2010-2021
• Premium Statistic Number of accommodation establishments in Panama 2010-2021
• Premium Statistic Number of lodgings in El Salvador 2012-2021
• Premium Statistic Number of lodgings in Guatemala 2013-2022
• Premium Statistic Number of lodgings in Nicaragua 2010-2021
• Premium Statistic Number of hotels in Honduras 2014-2020
• Premium Statistic Number of hotels in Belize 2021, by location

Number of hotels in Costa Rica 2010-2021

Number of hotel and similar establishments in Costa Rica from 2010 to 2021

Number of accommodation establishments in Panama 2010-2021

Number of accommodation establishments in Panama from 2010 to 2021

Number of lodgings in El Salvador 2012-2021

Number of accommodation establishments in El Salvador from 2012 to 2021

Number of lodgings in Guatemala 2013-2022

Number of accommodation establishments in Guatemala from 2013 to 2022

Number of lodgings in Nicaragua 2010-2021

Number of accommodation establishments in Nicaragua from 2010 to 2021

Number of hotels in Honduras 2014-2020

Number of hotels and similar establishments in Honduras from 2014 to 2020

Number of hotels in Belize 2021, by location

Number of hotel establishments in Belize as of December 2021, by region

Tourism development

• Premium Statistic Costa Rica's tourism development 2021, by subindex
• Premium Statistic Panama's tourism development 2021, by subindex
• Premium Statistic El Salvador's tourism development 2021, by subindex
• Premium Statistic Guatemala's tourism development 2021, by subindex
• Premium Statistic Nicaragua's tourism development 2021, by subindex
• Premium Statistic Honduras's tourism development 2021, by subindex

Costa Rica's tourism development 2021, by subindex

Travel & Tourism Development Index (TTDI) in Costa Rica in 2021, by subindex

Panama's tourism development 2021, by subindex

Travel & Tourism Development Index (TTDI) in Panama in 2021, by subindex

El Salvador's tourism development 2021, by subindex

Travel & Tourism Development Index (TTDI) in El Salvador in 2021, by subindex

Guatemala's tourism development 2021, by subindex

Travel & Tourism Development Index (TTDI) in Guatemala in 2021, by subindex

Nicaragua's tourism development 2021, by subindex

Travel & Tourism Development Index (TTDI) in Nicaragua in 2021, by subindex

Honduras's tourism development 2021, by subindex

Travel & Tourism Development Index (TTDI) in Honduras in 2021, by subindex

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Top 15 Fascinating Facts About Central America

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1. central america is a popular tourist destination, 2. belize has some 900 mayan sites, 3. nicaragua has had the only first elected female president, 4. lake nicaragua is the home to sweet water sharks.

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5. El Salvador and Costa Rica’s Currency is Named Colon After Christopher Columbus

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6. Costa Rica, One of the Central American Countries has no Standing Military Since it was Banned in 1949

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8. The Late Queen of England was the Queen of Belize

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10. Rainforests of Central America are Home to a Wide Variety of Plant and Animal Life

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11. The Official Language of Other Central American Countries is Spanish Apart from Belize where Official Language is English

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15. Coffee is one of the Central America Agricultural Products

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Central America Map: Regions, Geography, Facts & Figures

Central America  is a subregion of North and South America, situated between Mexico and South America . It is a region of great cultural, linguistic, and ecological diversity, with seven countries that share a common history and geography. These countries are Belize , Costa Rica , El Salvador , Guatemala , Honduras , Nicaragua , and Panama . The entire area is known for its stunning natural beauty, rich historic heritage, and diverse cuisine. With its warm climate and beautiful beaches, Central America is a popular tourist destination. Overall, Central America is a fascinating region with a lot to offer visitors from around the world.

Test your continent knowledge with our Central American geography quiz on the  Panama Canal !

Click on a country for a more detailed map, or try our map index.

History of Central America

The history of Central America is rich and complex. The region was home to several ancient civilizations, including the Maya and Aztec empires, which left an important legacy of art, science, and architecture. During the Spanish colonization period, Central America was divided into many small countries, which struggled for independence and sovereignty. In the 19th and 20th centuries, many countries gained independence from Spain and developed their own political, economic, and social systems.

Geography of Central America

Central America is an isthmus that connects North and South America. It is located between the Caribbean Sea to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The region is known for its mountain ranges, including the Sierra Madre in Mexico, the Andes in South America, and the Central American Volcanic Arc, which runs through several countries.

The Caribbean islands of the West Indies, including Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico, are sometimes included in the definition of Central America’s political map, as well as Haiti. The region has a great variety of ecosystems, from rainforests to deserts, and from coral reefs to mangrove swamps.

What Are the Highest Elevations in Central America?

The highest elevations in Central America are found in the mountain ranges that run through the region. The highest peak is Volcán Tajumulco, located in Guatemala, which rises to 4,220 meters above sea level.

Other high peaks include Cerro Chirripó in Costa Rica, Pico Duarte in the Dominican Republic, and Pico Turquino in Cuba. The region also has several active volcanoes, such as Arenal in Costa Rica, Masaya in Nicaragua, and Pacaya in Guatemala.

Tourist Attractions in Central America

The map of Central America contains several popular tourist destinations, known for its beautiful beaches, lush rainforests, and ancient ruins. Some of the top tourist attractions for arts, adventure sports, and cultural immersion include:

• Panama Canal: The Panama Canal is a man-made canal that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. It is considered one of the greatest engineering feats in history.
• Guatemala City: Guatemala City is the capital of Guatemala and is known for its colonial architecture, museums, and art galleries.
• San Salvador: San Salvador is the capital of El Salvador and is known for its vibrant nightlife, shopping, and restaurants.
• Nicaragua: Nicaragua is a popular destination for surfing, hiking, and exploring its many volcanoes.
• Costa Rica: Costa Rica is known for its stunning beaches, national parks, and eco-tourism.
• Belize: Belize is a popular diving destination, known for its beautiful coral reefs and marine life.
• Honduras: Honduras is home to the ancient Maya ruins of Copán and is a popular destination for adventure tourism.
• Major Cities: Central America is home to many bustling metropolises, including Panama City, San José, Tegucigalpa, Managua, Belmopan,
• Waterways and Lakes: You can find many impressive bodies of water in Central America, apart from the adjacent oceans such as the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, such as the San Juan River, Tipitapa River, and more.

People Also Ask...

If you're inspecting Central America maps, you may have some queries about the region. Here are some of the most frequently asked questions about this portion of the world map, along with their answers.

Is Mexico Part of North or Central America?

Mexico is part of North America. It is located directly to the north of Central America and is bordered by the United States to the north and Belize and Guatemala to the south. It is the third largest country in Latin America after Brazil and Argentina.

What 7 Countries Make Central America?

The seven countries that make up Central America are Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. This region is known for its stunning natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and diverse cuisine. Its warm climate and beautiful beaches make it a popular tourist destination. Mexico, on the other hand, is part of North America and is located to the north of Central America.

What Is the Largest Country in Central America?

Nicaragua is the largest country in Central America in terms of land area, covering approximately 130,373 square kilometers. It is located in the heart of Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. Nicaragua is known for its beautiful lakes, volcanoes, and beaches, as well as its rich history and culture.

Country Maps: Central America

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• Central America

Central America Facts

Our Central America Facts for Kids provide lots of interesting and fun facts on this region in the Americas.

Top 25 Central America Facts 

1 . Central America is a region in the Americas . This region is usually described as a land bridge or isthmus between the North American and the South American continents.

The Americas are often separated into three regions: North America, Central America and South America .

However, keep in mind that when talking about continents, we usually speak about North American continent and the South American continents and Central America is usually referred to as a region belonging to the major part to the North American continent .

2 . Central America borders the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea of the Atlantic Ocean . 

El Salvador only borders the Pacific while Belize only borders the (Caribbean Sea) Atlantic Ocean.

Please note that sometimes the Caribbean islands are included in Central America country listings too.

3.  There are  7 countries in Central America.  Click on the flags to learn more about these countries:

The Central American countries Belize and Guatemala border Mexico while Panama is considered a transcontinental country and borders Colombia that is a country belonging to the South American continent .

4. Largest Country : Nicaragua.

Nicaragua is slightly larger than the state of Pennsylvania/USA or slightly smaller than Greece or about double the land area of Sri Lanka.

5. Smallest Country : El Salvador . 

El Salvador is about the same size as the state of New Jersey in the USA or a bit larger than Slovenia or double the size as Lebanon.

6. Largest Capital City : Guatemala City in Guatemala.

The largest capital city of the region is Guatemala City with a population of 3 million people.

7. The capital cities of the seven countries are: 

• Nicaragua: Managua
• Honduras: Tegucigalpa
• Guatemala: Guatemala City
• Panama: Panama City
• Costa Rica: San José
• Belize: Belmopan
• El Salvador: San Salvador

8 . The northernmost country of Central America is Belize , the southernmost country is Panama .

The southernmost point off the mainland is Cocos Island, a Costa Rican island. Cocos island is located about 550 km/ 342 miles to the southwest of the country in the Pacific Ocean.

9 . A mountain chain runs the length of Central America from Mexico to Panama. The longest chain and highest mountains are located in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas that crosses Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. 

10 . Volcanoes : The region is often affected by natural disasters due to volcanic activities, earthquakes and tropical storms and hurricanes.

More than 200 volcanic eruptions took place in the Central American region in the last thirty years. The most active volcanoes are located in Guatemala and in northwestern Costa Rica where the Arenal volcano is located.

11.  Highest Mountain : Tajumulco in Guatemala .

The highest mountain in Central America is a volcano called Tajumulco in Guatemala. Volcán Tajumulco is 4220 m/ 13,845 ft high.

12. Biggest Lake : Lake Nicaragua.

Lake Nicaragua in Nicaragua is the largest lake in Central America.

13. Biggest Island : Isla de Ometepe (Spanish and Nahuatl, meaning: Island of the two mountains) in Lake Nicaragua is the world's largest island in a freshwater lake . The island is formed by two volcanoes.

More Central America Facts

14.   Population of Central America:  There are about 48 million people in Central America. 

Guatemala is the most populous country with about 18.2 million people. Most of the people in the region live in rural areas, in the fertile mountain valleys and along the coastline. 

Belize is the least populated country in Central America with a population of under one million people.

15. People of Central America : Amerindian ethnic groups dominated in the area until the colonisation. Mayans and Aztecs Mayan population still accounts for about half of the Guatemalan people and the Mayan language is still spoken by a third of the population in Guatemala. This country also recognises 21 Mayan languages.

16 . The largest cities in Central America are:

• Guatemala City / Guatemala
• Panama City / Panama and 
• San José in Costa Rica

17. Languages in Central America : The main languages of the region are Spanish and English as well as many local languages. Spanish is the most spoken language in the region with more than 85% of the population in El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama speaking Spanish.

18. The official language in Belize is English , as Belize once was a British colony. Belize only gained independence from the UK in 1981. This country was the last to gain independence in Central America.

19. Religion : The main religion is Christianity (95%). Most people in the region are Roman Catholics but there are also larger numbers of protestants and followers of other Christian faiths. The Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in León/ Nicaragua is the largest church in Central America.

Central America Facts Landmarks and Attractions

20. Attractions and major landmarks in Central America include:

• Belize: Great Blue Hole is a marine sinkhole in the Lighthouse Reef about 70 km/ 43 miles off the Belize coastline. This round-shaped hole is about 124 m deep/ 407 ft. and is popular with scuba divers.

• Maya ruins and colonial towns
• Guatemala’s volcanic Lake Atitlan and the pools at Semuc Champey 
• Nicaragua’s rainforest which is the largest in the Western Hemisphere
• Panama’s cloud forest and the Panama canal

The Panama Canal is an artificial waterway that is 82 km/ 51 miles long. It connects the Pacific Ocean with the Atlantic Ocean. The canal was first opened in 1914 and was further extended in 2016. It now has three sets of locks and there are artificial lakes and a reservoir.

and so many more attractions to visit... we will upload more here soon!

Central America Facts Wildlife and Biodiversity

21. Animals: In Central America there are tapirs, piranhas and anacondas and many other animals. The toucan is also unique to the Americas and endemic in Central America. The birds with the colourful bills live in hollow trees in the tropical rainforests.

22 . Biodiversity : Costa Rica is a megadiverse country and has the highest biodiversity of the Central American countries with over 13,000 species and especially high numbers of Amphibian and reptile species.

23 . However, Belize is the country in the region with the most well protected natural territory as about 40% of the country have official protected status. The Belize Barrier Reef is one of the most diverse ecosystems in the world.

Central America Facts | Economy

24. Economy:  Guatemala has the largest economy of the Central American countries.

The most important agricultural produce and natural resources of the region are coffee (El Salvador), bananas (Honduras), bananas and pineapples (Costa Rica) or Palm oil (Guatemala).

25. Main natural resources  in Central America are minerals such as iron ore (used to make steel) or nickel and agricultural produce such as bananas, coffee, sugar, cocoa and seafood/fish. Timber is an important export product too.

Test your Knowledge

Popular pages, useful resources for central america facts.

• Central Intelligence Agency. "Central America and the Caribbean." WorldFactBook .  Last accessed 8 June 2022
• Global Volcanism Program. "Tajumulco." Smithsonian Institute . Last accessed 8 June 2022
• National Geographic. "World Atlas for Young Explorers". Washington: 2010. pages 86-92
• Millennium. "Earth Condensed - The World Atlas." Millennium House. 2009

Image Credits on Central America Facts page: Shutterstock.com and wikipedia commons

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• About Costa Rica

Knowing about Costa Rica before you go!

Costa Rica is a country located in Central America that is ranked as one of the most visited international destinations. One of Costa Rica’s main sources of income is tourism. Costa Rica is a democratic and peaceful country and it has not had an army since the year 1948.

Although the country is small and it covers only 0.03 percent of the surface of the globe, it proudly shelters 5 percent of the existing biodiversity in the entire world. Twenty six percent of the country is composed of conservation and natural protected territory.

Furthermore, 2018 has become a magnet for meeting tourism with the opening of the National Congress and Convention Center (CNCC), which can welcome some 4,600 people to its meetings. Located eight kilometers from the Juan Santamaría International Airport and just 10 kilometers from San José, the new space will bring together people from different backgrounds and cultures to exchange experiences and new businesses.

Costa Rica is also an attractive country for investment and offers great potential for the establishment of important multinational companies, thanks to the outstanding academic level of its population, as well as the high standard of modern services and social and political stability.

General information

Costa rica facts.

Costa Rica is located in Central America, connecting North and South America. It borders Nicaragua to the north and Panama to the south. Because of its location, warm weather predominates, but many different microclimates are found throughout the country. According to the National Statistics and Census Institute, Costa Rica has a population of approximately 4,890,379, of which 2,467,829 are men and 2,422,551 are women.

The country is divided into seven provinces (San José, its capital, Alajuela, Cartago, Heredia, Puntarenas, Guanacaste and Limón), 81 cantons and 463 districts. It stretches across 51,100 square kilometers, which is the size of the country. It is a democratic, free and independent Republic. Most of the population professes the Catholic religion and enjoys freedom of religion. Its currency is the colón, and its official language is Spanish.

One of the most important and recognized characteristics of the country was the abolition of its army on Dec. 1, 1948 by former President José Figueres Ferrer. On that date, peace became one of the main principles of Costa Rica, differentiating it from other Central American countries that utilize the military as a method of defense.

Costa Rica has national patriotic symbols that represent part of the identity and traditions of Costa Ricans, particularly the National Anthem of Costa Rica, the Shield of the Republic of Costa Rica, the National Flag, the White-Tailed Deer, the Guaria Morada (a type of orchid that is the national flower), Marimba, Oxcarts, the Yigüirro (or clay-colored thrush, the national bird), the Guanacaste Tree, The Pre-Columbian Spheres of Diquís, the manatee, the Torch of Independence and the Crestones of Chirripó National Park.

Official language:

Spanish. A large portion of the population speaks English as a second language.

Official religion:

Roman Catholic; complete freedom of religion.

Official currency:

Costa Rican Colón (plural colones) (¢)

Administrative divisions:

Costa Rica is divided into seven provinces: San José , Alajuela , Heredia , Cartago , Puntarenas , Guanacaste , and Limón. Each province is divided into cantons, which are further subdivided into districts.

The country’s marine territory consists of the Isla del Coco, a World Natural Heritage site, located 548 km from Cabo Blanco, in the Pacific Ocean. It has a land area of 2,400 hectares and a marine territory of 73,100 hectares.

National symbols:

• The guaria morada: The guaria morada (Cattleya skinneri), a species of orchid, was declared the national flower of Costa Rica on July 15, 1939.
• National flag: The national flag of Costa Rica. Under Decree no. 768 of October 25, 1949, National Flag Day (Día del Pabellón Nacional) is celebrated on November 12th of each year. The National Flag of the Republic is a tricolor with five horizontal bands: a red band in the center between two bands of white, each of which is followed by a blue band. The width of each band is one-sixth of the total width of the flag, with the red band in the center taking up two-sixths of the width. The coat of arms must be placed in the center of the red band on a white background.
• Guanacaste tree: Enterolobium cyclocarpum. On August 31, 1959, it was declared as the national tree of Costa Rica.
• Coat of arms of Costa Rica: The Coat of Arms shows three volcanoes and a wide valley between two oceans, with a merchant ship in each ocean. A rising sun is shown on the far left of the upper line, which marks the horizon. The crest is closed by two palm fronds that are united by a wide, white sash bearing golden letters that spell out “República de Costa Rica”.
• Clay-colored thrush: The clay-colored thush (or yigüirro) was declared the national bird of Costa Rica in 1977 in the interest of the protection of this and other bird species in the country.
• The traditional ox-cart: The ox-cart, or carreta, was declared a national symbol of labor in 1988. While they are no longer used to transport coffee, the colorful paint and the original designs made by artisans have made them famous around the world.
• The national anthem : declared a national symbol on June 15, 1949 by Decree no. 551. The music was written in 1852 by the poet Manuel María Gutiérrez and the lyrics were written by José María Zeledón.
• The white-tailed deer : in accordance with Legislative Decree No. 7497, it has been the national symbol of Costa Rican wildlife since June 8, 1995.
• The Marimba : declared the national instrument par excellence by Executive Order No. 25114-C on September 3, 1996. It is considered to be the musical instrument that is associated with the most diverse popular festivals in Costa Rica.
• The Torch of Independence : declared a national symbol on September 14, 2005 by Decree No. 32647-C. Since 1964, the torch tours Central America as a representation of the freedom and independence of Central American peoples.
• The Crestones of Chirripó National Park : Declared a national symbol by Law 8943, published in the Official Journal La Gaceta No. 170 on September 5, 2011. The Costa Rican Tourism Board has been authorized to promote them as a tourist attraction in Chirripó National Park.
• The manatee : was declared a symbol of Costa Rica’s marine fauna and of the hope and interest of Costa Rican children in protecting natural resources contained in the national territory by Law no. 9264 of August 7, 2014, published in the Official Journal La Gaceta no. 183 on September 24, 2014.
• Pre-Columbian Spheres: In 2014, UNESCO chose the Diquís grouping of villages belonging to pre-Columbian chieftainships with stone spheres as a World Heritage Site. The Costa Rican Legislative Assembly declared them to be a national symbol of the country following the approval of Law no. 9265 of August 11, 2014, published in the Official Journal La Gaceta no. 201 on October 20, 2014. Archeologists believe that the stones were placed there by the indigenous peoples of the area between 300 B.C. and 300 A.D., though the sculptures have not yet been able to be scientifically dated.
• The National Theater: On February 5 of this year, the then-President of the Republic, Luis Guillermo Solís, signed the law declaring the National Theater of Costa Rica as a National Symbol of Historical Archeological Heritage and Cultural Liberty. The law was approved in a second reading by 40 deputies.

Main distances:

• 246 km (153 mi) by land from Puntarenas to Limón.
• 534 km (337 mi) by land from Peñas Blancas, at the Nicaraguan border, to Paso Canoas, at the border with Panama.
• Highest point: Cerro Chirripó, at 3,819 meters (12,529 feet) above sea level.
• Highest volcano: Volcán Irazú.
• Largest volcanic crater: Volcán Poás crater, with a diameter of 1,320 m (43,307 ft) and a depth of 300 m (984 ft).

Electric coverage:

97% of the national territory has electric power. Residential voltage is 110V.

Office hours

Public sector: Monday to Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. State banks: Monday to Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.

Private sector

Monday to Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. The majority of businesses operate on Saturdays and Sundays until midday.

The political system is represented by three powers, which are The Executive Power, the Legislative Power and the Judicial Power. The Elections Supreme Court is considered the fourth power of the Republic. Every four years national elections are carried out. Among other positions of popular representation, the President of the Republic is elected through direct representation by secret ballot.

Capital city: San José.

Country area: 51,100 km2 (19,730 square miles).

Heritage and culture

Costa Rican culture is in many ways a reflection of its racial diversity. The predominant influence has long been European, which is reflected in everything from the official language -- Spanish -- to the architecture of the country's churches and other historic buildings. The indigenous influence is less visible, but can be found in everything from the tortillas that are a staple of the Costa Rican diet, to the handmade ceramics sold at roadside stands.

An important aspect of Costa Rica's cultural legacy is our love for peace and democracy. The Ticos proudly point out the nation is one of the few Latin American countries where a military dictatorship has not dominated politics.

Costa Ricans are proud to have more than a century of democratic tradition and more than 68 years without a military. With the money saved, the country is better able to focus on improving the quality of life of its citizens. This is one of the many reasons why Costa Ricans, also known as “Ticos,” are such a happy and welcoming people.

Famous for their hospitality, Ticos often go out of their way to help to visitors with directions or offer other assistance if needed. It is said that “Ticos” are the nation’s best asset. Once visitors experience their hospitality, visitors too are convinced.

& climate

Infrastructure.

Rugged highlands are found throughout most of the country, ranging from approximately 1,000 to 2,000 meters (3,000 to 6,000 feet above sea level). The Guanacaste Mountain Range, Central Mountain Range, and Talamanca Mountain Range are the main mountain ranges extending the entire length of the country. There are several active volcanoes (Arenal Volcano, Irazu Volcano, Rincon de la Vieja Volcano and Turrialba Volcano) and the country’s highest mountain (Chirripo Hill) with a height of 3,819 m/12,530 ft. The country has a relatively long coastline in both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, as well as a number of rivers and streams that attract specialist kayakers and rafters from all over the world.

Costa Rica is a tropical destination. Its look and landscape changes throughout the year, and the country is in a constant state of renewal. As such, every time of the year is a great time to visit Costa Rica. Tailor your trip to your interests, and your experience in Costa Rica will be fulfilling beyond imagination.

The Costa Rican landscape is one of great variety, filled with lush vegetation and stunning displays of flora. With jungles, beaches, and a wide array of terrain and climate zones, Costa Rica is a playground for the adventurous. Whether it’s rafting, hiking, wildlife viewing or just relaxing on the beach, everything under the sun is available to you.

No matter the season or region, there is always something exciting to discover, or uncover. For those willing to go o the beaten path in Costa Rica, the rewards are endless.

Costa Rica’s richness also lies in the cultural diversity of our people. Currently, there are ethnic groups and colonies of immigrants including African descendants, Chinese, Hebrew, Lebanese, Italian, etc.; as well as the indigenous populations of the Bribri, Cabecar, Maleku, Teribe, Boruca, Ngöbe, Huetar, and Chorotega.

Communications

Most large hotels in the San Jose area have cable TV with US and European stations. Newspapers and magazines from North America and several European nations are sold in many shops and hotels in and around the capital. Transportation

It’s easy to get around Costa Rica. Public transportation is quite inexpensive. There are bus services to just about every town and city, and high-quality buses serving the main tourist destinations. Taxis are also plentiful and inexpensive.

The standard charge for a taxi ride between the international airport and downtown San Jose is approximately $30 USD. The quickest way to get around the country is by plane and several domestic airlines offer daily flights to most of the popular tourist destinations. There are also plenty of car rental agencies, most of which rent four-wheel-drive vehicles.

The main airport is the Juan Santamaria International Airport, located in Alajuela. This airport is only twenty minutes away from San Jose.

Other important airports:

• The Daniel Oduber Quiros International Airport, located in Liberia, Guanacaste.
• The Tobias Bolaños Airport located in Pavas, San Jose, for local as well as international flights.

There are also landing fields for local flights situated in different parts of the country such as: Limon, Tortuguero, La Fortuna, Tamarindo, Samara, Tambor, Quepos, Palmar North, Golfito, and San Vito.

transportation

And education, water passages.

The most important water passages in the country are:

• The Tortuguero canals and Barra del Colorado, on the northern caribbean
• The Sarapiqui river, on the northern zone
• The Matina river, on the central caribbean
• Part of the San Juan river, on the border with Nicaragua
• The Cold river, the Caño Negro lagoons, and Los Chiles on the northern zone
• The Sierpe river, on the southern zone
• The Tempisque river, on the Gulf of Nicoya

Other rivers of great importance are:

• On the Caribbean: Pacuare, Reventazon, Caribbean Chrripo, Estrella, and Sixaola
• On the Pacific: Bebedero, Grande de Tarcoles, Coto, Chirripo, and Parrita

The main airport is the Juan Santamaria International Airport, located in Alajuela. This airport is only twenty minutes away from San José.

Other important airports are:

• The Tobias Bolaños Airport located in Pavas, San José, for local as well as international flights.

Highways and roads

The whole country is adequately connected by internal infrastructure. The main artery is the Interamerican Highway, which connects the two borders from Peñas Blancas all the way to Paso Canoas.

Medical services

Costa Rica has positioned itself among the countries with the highest public healthcare development in Latin America. The Costa Rican Social Security Service (CCSS) is a public service institution that has accomplished important goals regarding health issues, including pensions and social security.

This institution offers coverage and integrated health services through two types of insurance:

• General coverage insurance, which covers 100 percent of the country.
• Contribution coverage insurance, which covers 86.80% of the population.

Costa Rica has the highest life expectancy rate in Latin America at 77.75 years and one of the lowest infant mortality rates of 10.82 percent. It is also far more advanced in issues regarding prenatal prevention and control.

Costa Rica is praised for its investment in public education that different governments have accomplished throughout the years. There are approximately 6,147 elementary, middle, and high schools and more than 50 universities in the country.

The first higher education institution to be established was the University of Costa Rica, which was the only higher educational center until 1971, when the Technological Institute of Costa Rica was founded.

In 1973, the National University of Heredia (UNA) was founded. The Distance Education University (UNED) was established in 1977, and in 1979, the first private institution known as the Autonomous University of Central America (UACA) was created, which set the example in 1986 for a large number of other private universities to open their doors in Costa Rica.

& economy

& consulates, banks and money.

There is an ample number of state-owned and privately held banks in San Jose, and throughout the country.

The official currency of Costa Rica is the colon; however US Dollars are widely accepted. US Dollars and travelers’ checks can be changed in banks and hotels. Most major credit cards are widely accepted and cash advances can be obtained at banks around the country and a variety of places throughout San Jose. ATMs are plentiful in San Jose, however, not so much in the smaller towns and country side.

Business hours

Government offices are generally open from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m., while banks close often between 3 and 6 p.m., according to the bank and its branch. Most shops are open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m., while some open at 8 a.m. and others close at 7 p.m.; most grocery stores close at 8 p.m. Some shops also close for lunch, between noon and 1 or 2 p.m.

One does not have to drive very far in Costa Rica -- past the coffee, pastures, bananas, and other crops -- to realize that agriculture is the basis of its economy. Coffee has historically been the country's most important crop and Costa Rica continues to produce some of the finest coffee in the world. However in recent years, less traditional crops have been playing an increasingly important economic role. Bananas are the second most important export crop, with vast plantations covering parts of the Caribbean lowlands.

There is also significant land dedicated to the cultivation of pineapples, sugar, oranges, rice, hardwoods, and ornamental plants, as well as raising cattle for beef and dairy products. Cocoa, for chocolate production has become a signature product.

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10 Best Places to Visit in Central America

Central America is the thin section of land that links the North American continent with the South American continent. The region is made up of seven small, mostly tropical countries that would be easy to skip on a map. Yet they represent a complex mixture of cultures, ancient ruins, tropical wildlife, active volcanoes and great beaches.

Mexico is occasionally considered part of Central America due to the language and cultural heritage it shares with several of its southern neighbors. This list of best places to visit in Central America however, focuses only on the countries of Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.

Map of Central America

10. Leon, Nicaragua

A thriving university town and one of the country’s oldest and largest cities, Leon is Nicaragua’s political and intellectual center. Situated along the Chiquito River northwest of the capital city, Managua, Leon is rich in Spanish colonial architecture as well as arts and culture, and teeming in students and backpackers.

Easily explored by walking and biking, Leon offers plenty of sightseeing opportunities. The city boasts more colonial churches than other Nicaraguan city, and visitors can tour several of these churches to admire artistic works and check out the tombs of important historical figures like that of the country’s most beloved poet, Rubén Darío. Among these churches is the Leon Cathedral, one of the largest in Central America. Other significant landmarks in Leon are Guadalupe Cemetery, Guadalupe Bridge and the Sutiava Rural House. Also known for its treasure trove of art, Leon has several museums, art centers and many public murals.

Located just a few miles inland of the Pacific Ocean, Leon is also home to popular beaches like Poneloya and Las Peñitas, which offer water activities and nightlife options. Just outside of the city, visitors can hire ruletos (trucks operating as buses) to the nearby volcanoes, rivers and mangrove forests to enjoy hiking, kayaking and wildlife viewing.

As a city that is host to students from all over the world, Leon features a variety of dining choices to suit every taste and budget. The market is a good place to find local dishes such as fried cheese, beans and rice, and cheese-stuffed plantains. Also plentiful are bars, clubs and dance halls throbbing with salsa dancing.

9. Copan, Honduras

Once an important Mayan center of government, art, culture and astronomy, Copan today is a large complex consisting of two large pyramids, several plazas, a ball court and numerous stone temples, altars and stelae, which are famous for their hieroglyphics and intricate carvings that depict history, events, beliefs and customs of the ancient Mayans.

8. Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica

Until the past few years, Arenal was the most active volcano in Costa Rica, and it’s frequent, small explosions once provided incredible shows of spewing lava. However, in 2010, Arenal’s cycle entered into a resting phase, putting an indeterminate pause on the eruptions. Nevertheless, the area surrounding Arenal still offers plenty of outstanding sights and exciting activities.

7. Granada, Nicaragua

One of Nicaragua’s largest cities, Granada is also one of the country’s oldest and most historically important centers, featuring a wealth of Spanish history and well-preserved colonial architecture. Located in western Nicaragua along the shores of Lake Nicaragua, Granada offers tourists plenty to see and do from sightseeing to outdoor recreation and arts and culture.

A tour of the city center awards sights of multicolored colonial buildings, landmarks, old churches, a Spanish fort and a lively market buzzing with vendors selling produce and handicrafts. Museums and art galleries showcase the city’s history, art, culture and production of cigars and chocolate.

Granada’s Central Park is a wide open green space with food kiosks where people can relax and enjoy picnics and outdoor recreation. Nearby Lake Nicaragua and its many islets offer fishing, swimming, boating, horseback riding and archaeological sites, while a little further out, volcanoes and rainforest offer hiking, canopy tours and wildlife viewing.

6. Panama City

Panama’s capital and largest city, Panama City , is a concentration of modern high-rise towers rising up from a surrounding tropical rainforest. A vibrant, cosmopolitan city made prosperous by the development of the Panama Canal, Panama City is one of the best places to visit in Central America.

While a visit to the city’s most famous attraction, the Panama Canal, ranks at the top of most sightseeing itineraries, exploring the cobblestone streets and colonial buildings of the historic quarter, Casco Viejo, is also a must-do.

5. Antigua Guatemala

Set against the pictorial backdrop of three imposing volcanoes in the central highlands of Guatemala, the beautiful, old colonial town of Antigua is one of the country’s top tourist destinations.

A major center for learning the Spanish language, Antigua provides a plethora of impressive sights and activities. Just a simple stroll through the city center awards views of spectacular architecture, historic churches and prominent landmarks like the Santa Catalina Arch.

4. Ambergris Caye

The largest of Belize’s several hundred islands, Ambergris Caye is a dreamy, tropical place where shorts and flip-flops are the dress code, golf carts are the mode of transportation, and lazing away on sandy white beaches is the primary activity.

A short plane flight or ferry ride from Belize City, Ambergris Caye is one of Belize’s top travel destinations because it presents the ultimate Caribbean getaway with classic beaches, world-class accommodations, fabulous dining and ultra relaxation.

3. Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, Costa Rica

Located in central Costa Rica, the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve is one of the country’s most coveted tourist destinations due to its astonishing natural beauty and abundance of activities including ziplining and canopy tours.

The reserve however is most famous for its extraordinary biodiversity: Around 400 species of birds are found here, more than 100 species of mammals including howler and capuchin monkeys and 1,200 species of amphibians and reptiles. Along with the mega-diversity of wildlife, there are 2,500 species of plants, 420 of which are orchids.

2. Roatan, Honduras

A prominent scuba diving destination and cruise ship port-of-call, Roatan is the largest of the Bay Islands, off the east coast of Honduras. Surrounded by the second-largest barrier reef in the world, Roatan is a prime spot for diving and snorkeling. What’s more, the island’s beaches provide an array of activities from swimming to kayaking and dolphin watching.

1. Tikal, Guatemala

Located in the tropical rainforest of the Petén province in northern Guatemala, Tikal was one of the largest cities of the ancient Mayan civilization. Archaeologists estimate that, at its peak, Tikal’s population ranged from 50,000 to 100,000 inhabitants.

Among the many Mayan sites in Central America, Tikal is perhaps the most breathtaking due to its jungle setting with impressive temples poking through the canopy. Visitors can climb to the top of a few of the pyramids and get panoramic views from above the treetops.

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Reader interactions.

December 28, 2019 at 6:59 am

I have visited three of your top ten… Antigua, Roatan, and Granada. I make my way most of the time through El Salvador, never had an issue. However, my heart belongs to the Bay Islands and frequently visit, every 3-4 months.

June 26, 2018 at 6:07 pm

Where’s my country El Salvador? It’s not as dangerous as Honduras.

July 6, 2016 at 10:28 am

El Salvador is the most dangerous country you can go to in Central America, I can see why it is not here. I don’t think it’s worth the risk. Yes, Honduras as well. Guatemala is dangerous as well but not in the tourist areas, just stay away from the capital. A place that was not mentioned here from Guatemala is Chemuc Champay (sorry if I misspelled that), siete altares, and Laguna Lechua. Also, if you like seeing other cucltures, try going to Livingston, where you can enjoy the Garifuna culture.

April 14, 2016 at 3:21 pm

El Salvador is the forgotten pardise! Try to go! It has the perfect climate, good food and the nicest people in Central America! Seeing is believing! you will never know if you never ever go!

March 7, 2016 at 4:22 pm

Guatemala is the best country in central America to go travel.I reccomend this place for anyone to go.

January 24, 2016 at 6:57 pm

You said they are easy to skip on a map and of course you did you skiped El Salvador

May 24, 2014 at 3:11 am

Belize is a great place!

February 23, 2014 at 12:17 am

Planning to trip very soon to Belize and would like more travel info.

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Explore Central America

Plan Your Trip to Central America: Best of Central America Tourism

Essential central america.

Nicaragua Facts and Figures

Nicaragua, the largest country in Central America, is bordered by  Costa Rica to the south and Honduras  to the north. About the size of Alabama, the scenic country has colonial cities, volcanoes, lakes, rainforests, and beaches. Known for its rich biodiversity, the country attracts more than one million tourists annually; tourism is the country's second-largest industry after agriculture.

Early Historic Facts

Christopher Columbus explored the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua during his fourth and final voyage to the Americas. In the mid-1800s, an American doctor and mercenary named William Walker took a military expedition to Nicaragua and declared himself the president.

His rule lasted only one year, after which he was defeated by a coalition of Central American armies and executed by the Honduran government. In his short time in Nicaragua, Walker managed to do plenty of damage, however; Colonial relics in Granada still bear scorch marks from his retreat, when his troops set the city ablaze.

Natural Wonders

Nicaragua’s coastline abuts the Pacific Ocean on the west and the Caribbean Sea on its eastern shore. The waves of San Juan del Sur are ranked as some of the best for  surfing  in the world.

The country boasts the two largest lakes in Central America: Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua , the second-largest lake in the Americas after Peru's Lake Titicaca . It is home to the Lake Nicaragua shark, the world's only freshwater shark, which had mystified scientists for decades. Scientists realized in the 1960s that Lake Nicaragua sharks, originally thought to be an endemic species, were bull sharks who leaped the San Juan River rapids inland from the Caribbean Sea.

Ometepe, an island formed by twin volcanoes in Lake Nicaragua, is the largest volcanic island in a freshwater lake in the world. Concepción, a majestic cone-shaped active volcano looms over the northern half of Ometepe, while the extinct volcano Maderas dominates the southern half.

There are forty  volcanoes in Nicaragua , a number of which are still active. Although the country's history of volcanic activity has resulted in lush vegetation and high-quality soil for agriculture, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes in the past have caused severe damage to areas of the country, including Managua.

World Heritage Sites

There are two UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Nicaragua: the León Cathedral , which is the largest cathedral in Central America, and the ruins of León Viejo , built in 1524 and abandoned in 1610 in fears of the nearby volcano Momotombo erupting.

Plans for a Nicaragua Canal

The southwest shore of Lake Nicaragua is just 15 miles from the Pacific Ocean at its shortest point. In the early 1900s, plans were made to create the Nicaragua Canal through the Isthmus of Rivas in order to link the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean. Instead,  the Panama Canal  was built. However, plans to create the Nicaragua Canal are still under consideration.

Social and Economic Issues

Poverty is still a serious problem in Nicaragua, which is the poorest country in Central America and the second-poorest country in the Western Hemisphere after Haiti . With a population of about 6 million, close to half live in rural areas, and 25 percent live in the crowded capital, Managua.

According to the Human Development Index, in 2012, Nicaragua's per-capita income was approximately $2,430, and 48 percent of the country's population lived below the poverty line. But the country's economy has been improving steadily since 2011, with an increase of 4.5 percent in the gross domestic product per capita index in 2015 alone. Nicaragua is the first country in the Americas to adopt polymer banknotes for its currency, the  Nicaraguan Cordoba .

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From clear turquoise seas to the coffee farms and cloud forests of Chiriquí, Panama can be as chilled out or as thrilling as you wish.

Best Time to Visit

Best places to visit, leave the planning to a local expert.

Experience the real Panama. Let a local expert handle the planning for you.

Attractions

Must-see attractions.

Panama City

Celebrating Panama as the land bridge that has permitted astonishing biodiversity in the region, this world-class museum is a visual feast. Exhibits tell…

Basílica Menor Santiago Apóstol

Coclé Province

Natá's principal draw is this 16th-century cathedral, thought to be the oldest church built in the Americas still in use today. Indigenous artisans did…

Parque Nacional Marino Isla Bastimentos

Isla Bastimentos

Established in 1988, this 132-sq-km marine park was Panama's first. Protecting 130 islands of the Bocas del Toro archipelago, including the coral-fringed…

Museo de Arte Contemporáneo

This wonderful privately owned museum features the best collection of Panamanian art anywhere, an excellent collection of works on paper by Latin American…

Taller Dario López

Península de Azuero

One of Panama's top artisans, Dario López has been making colorful masks for folkloric dancers since the 1960s. These days most of his masks and satin…

Miraflores Visitors Center

Panama Canal

The easiest way to visit the Panama Canal is to head to the Miraflores Visitors Center, just outside Panama City. This modern center features a four-floor…

Finca Los Monos Botanical Garden

Bocas del Toro Town

One of the joys of visiting Bocas is touring the 'Monkey Farm' botanical garden a couple of kilometers northwest of the center. Painstakingly carved out…

Parque Nacional Coiba

Veraguas Province

This national marine park contains Panama's largest island, the 503-sq-km Isla de Coiba, as well as astounding biodiversity; more than two dozen species…

Top picks from our travel experts

The 13 best things to do in panama.

Iglesia de San José

This Casco Viejo church protects the famous Altar de Oro (Golden Altar), the sole relic salvaged after privateer Henry Morgan sacked Panamá Viejo.

Mercado Artesanal

El Valle is home to one of Panama’s largest handicrafts market. Indigenous Ngöbe-Buglé people, along with a sprinkling of Emberá and Wounaan, bring a…

The outdoor patio at Ruiz makes a good spot to sip a cappuccino and watch the mist move across the mountains. It's also the epicenter of Panama's famous…

Parque Nacional Soberanía

Panamá Province

This 195-sq-km national park is one of the most accessible tropical rainforests in Panama. It extends much of the way across the isthmus, from Limón on…

Parque Nacional Volcán Barú

Volcán Barú is Panama's only volcano and the dominant geographical feature of western Panama. It is no longer active but has seven craters and its summit,…

Parque Internacional La Amistad

Parque Internacional La Amistad was established jointly by Panama and Costa Rica in 1988; two years later it was added to Unesco's World Heritage List. In…

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Panama's diverse landscape offers a wealth of incredible activities to visitors. Here's our pick of the best things to do on your Panama vacation.

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Panama has both incredible wild spaces waiting to be explored and chic cities full of glamor – here's everything you need to know before you go.

Transportation

Panama may be small, but its attractions are mighty and not always easy to get to. Here's everything you need to know about getting around Panama.

Visa Requirements

From the vacation of a lifetime to the life of a digital nomad, we've got everything you need to know about entry requirements for Panama.

Money and Costs

How to plan a trip to Panama when you are trying to keep costs low.

Traveling with Kids

From babies and toddlers to young children, tweens and teens, here are the best experiences in Panama for families of travelers.

Best Road Trips

Natural beauty, sugar-white beaches, rainforest roads – explore the best of Panama by car with these six spectacular road trips.

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Absolutely incredible places to visit in Central America

Posted: January 29, 2024 | Last updated: January 29, 2024

Central America is generally regarded as being composed of seven countries—Guatemala, Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Panama, and Nicaragua. That's seven wonderfully compelling vacation destination options famed for stunningly varied ecosystems , culturally significant historic ruins, and some of the best beaches around. But where do you start?

If this part of the world is on your must-see bucket list, click through this gallery for ideas on where to go and what to see!

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Tikal National Park, Guatemala

If history and culture is your thing, head out to Tikal National Park. This ancient Mayan citadel surrounded by the rainforests of northern Guatemala is deserving of its status as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. For the record, Tika contains the tallest pre-Columbian structure in the Americas.

Puerto Viejo, Costa Rica

A small town nestling on the Caribbean coast, Puerto Viejo oozes an appealing local ambiance. Some of the country's best beaches are clustered in and around Puerto Viejo: surfers head here for the biggest and most powerful wave in the land, known as Salsa Brava . Make sure you leave time to visit the renowned Jaguar Rescue Center, which, besides the famed big cats, houses other incredible animals.

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Cerro Verde National Park, El Salvador

Cerro Verde National Park is also known as Los Volcanes National Park for its three highlight attractions: the Cerro Verde, Izalco, and Santa Ana volcanoes. Santa Ana (pictured) is, in fact, the highest volcano in the country.

San Blas Islands, Panama

A Central America bucket list favorite, Panama's tranquil San Blas Islands rank among the most picturesque in the Caribbean. This tropical paradise getaway greets the visitor with pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters, and an enviable seafood restaurant scene.

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Ometepe Island, Nicaragua

Seasoned travelers to Nicaragua rate Ometepe Island as among the most impressive destinations in the country. And for newcomers, this extraordinary island with its towering twin volcanoes set within a vast lake serves as an ideal introduction to this Central American nation.

Ambergris Caye, Belize

The largest island of Belize, Ambergris Caye is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the country. A hub of the area's maritime trade for centuries, Ambergris Caye today serves as the embarkation point for some of the most rewarding dive and scuba destinations in the Caribbean—the island's eastern coast runs parallel to the northernmost stretch of the Belize Barrier Reef, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Copán, Honduras

The Copán archaeological ruins are also protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and for good reason! Copán is one of the most important sites of the Mayan civilization.

Lake Atitlán, Guatemala

Atitlán in the Solalá highlands is regularly voted as one of the most beautiful lakes in the world. Created approximately 84,000 years ago as a result of a volcanic eruption, this outstanding body of water is framed by the volcanoes Atitlán, Tolimán, and San Pedro—"The Three Giants"—to form an impressive landscape.

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Panama City, Panama

Panama City is a cosmopolitan wonder. The country's capital boasts some of the tallest skyscrapers in Latin America. But here's the surprise: this modern conurbation, known for its gourmet restaurant scene and glitzy nightlife, also embraces two other cities, Panama Viejo and Casco Antiguo, both declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.

Cahuita National Park, Costa Rica

This fabulous ecosystem protects Costa Rica's best coral reef formations and the massive trees of the lowland Atlantic tropical rainforest and their inhabitants, the residents of which include the long-limbed two-toed sloth (pictured).

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San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua

This picturesque beach town is a Nicaraguan gem of a destination. Besides an alluring band of sand, San Juan del Sur captivates the visitor with a charming laid-back vibe and welcoming character. Definitely a place to relax in and recharge the batteries.

Roatán, Honduras

Roatán is an island and the largest in the Bay Islands archipelago. It's anchored in azure waters about 40 mi (65 km) off the Honduran coast and easily reached by ferry. Roatán lies on the southern edge of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System, the second-largest barrier reef in the world, so its reputation as a first-class diving destination comes as no surprise.

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Semuc Champey, Guatemala

Tucked away in the dense jungle of northern Guatemala is a natural wonder comprising a series of amazing blue rock pools and waterfalls known as Semuc Champey.

Manuel Antonio National Park, Costa Rica

Established in 1972, this park embraces one of the most beautiful and biodiverse regions in the world. Wildlife here numbers capuchin, howler, and squirrel monkeys, sloths, iguanas, agoutis, and hundreds of species of birds.

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San José, Costa Rica

San José was founded in 1739 and became the country's capital in 1823. Among its cultural draws is the splendid National Theater. Opened in 1897, this is the finest historic building in San José, appreciated for its lavish and decorative interior.

Bocas del Toro, Panama

A popular vacation destination for Panamanians, Bocas del Toro is divided in two; it has a continental side and its archipelago in the Caribbean Sea. This magical paradise is equally proud of its ecotourism credentials and family-friendly resort  options.

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Monteverde Cloud Forest, Costa Rica

A must-do for anyone visiting Costa Rica is to take a canopy tour following the suspension bridges set within the incredible Monteverde Cloud Forest. You'll wander through fog and low-hanging cloud cover and get thoroughly damp in the process, but come away with a truly memorable travel experience.

Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica

A famous Costa Rica landmark, Arenal Volcano is located 2.5 hours from San José in the northwestern part of the country. A 3-mi (4.5-km) hike through forest and over lava beds will bring you to an observation tower for the best photographs of this now-dormant natural wonder.

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Panama Canal, Panama

The easiest way to visit the Panama Canal is to head to the Miraflores Visitors Center, just outside Panama City. Here you can marvel at one of the most incredible feats of civil engineering undertaken in modern human history.

Soberania National Park, Panama

Near the banks of the Panama Canal some 15 mi (25 km) from Panama City is the delightful Soberania National Park. This is one of the most accessible nature reserves in the country and teems with a wealth of wildlife , including the handsome red-legged honeycreeper (pictured).

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Granada, Nicaragua

Set on the shores of Lake Nicaragua is Granada. This charming town is the country's oldest and most beguiling, a real eye-opener for its colorful colonial architecture, perfectly exemplified by the 18th-century Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral.

Cerro Negro Volcano, Nicaragua

Cerro Negro is an active volcano situated near the village of Malpaisillo. While attracting its fair share of volcanologists, Cerro Negro is better known for its adventure tourism, especially the crazy and exhilarating sport of sandboarding, or more appropriately, volcano boarding. Have a go, and feel the adrenaline erupt!

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El Tunco, El Salvador

Central America does have amazing surf hot spots. Perhaps the most famous is El Tunco. This is one of the most visited destinations in El Salvador, where the coast facing the Pacific Ocean allows surfers to ride some of the most adventurous and challenging waves in the region.

Acatenango Volcano, Guatemala

Want to see an active volcano up close and personal? An epic hike takes you to the summit of Acatenango, at 13,044 ft (3,976 m) the third highest volcano in Central America. From here you can admire jaw-dropping views of the active Fuego volcano opposite.

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Caye Caulker, Belize

Caye Caulker is Ambergris Caye's smaller, less-visited sister island and a prime stop for travelers looking to "go slow" and enjoy some relaxing downtime. The Caye Caulker Marine Reserve has dive sites on the Belize Barrier Reef.

Somoto Canyon National Monument, Nicaragua

One of the most rewarding adventure experiences in Nicaragua is to trek out to Somoto Canyon National Monument. A rugged and often difficult terrain will test the stamina of the most seasoned of hikers but, hey, the Coco River provides an opportunity to cool down after arriving.

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Volcán Masaya National Park, Nicaragua

The three volcanoes that constitute the Volcán Masaya National Park were once described by conquistadors as the "gates of hell." Centuries later, this angry trio still burp, hiss, and spew red-hot lava high into the air. For adventure tourists, this is one of the hottest tickets in town!

Yaxhá, Guatemala

Guatemala's wealth of historic ruins extend to the classic Maya sites of Yaxhá, Nakum, and El Naranjo. This venerable trio of ancient structures stand on a hill in a national park between two sizable lakes, Lago Yaxhá and Lago Sacnab.

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Atitlán Natural Reserve, Guatemala

Atitlán Natural Reserve is just a half hour drive from Panajachel town center, which makes it a wonderfully convenient choice for anyone hoping to spot the playful white-nosed coati (pictured), a relative of the raccoon. The reserve also serves as an extraordinary gateway to the magnificent Lake Atitlán and its spectacular volcanoes.

Fortress of Santa Bárbara, Honduras

Located in the city of Trujillo, this evocative 17th-century fortress is the oldest European building built for military purposes by Spanish settlers in the Americas. Furthermore, Santa Bárbara played an important role in shaping North American history.

Church of the Rosary, San Salvador

El Salvador's capital city, San Salvador, has plenty to distract the visitor, with the Church of the Rosary surely one of the most compelling sights. Designed by sculptor Ruben Martinez and completed in 1971, this is arguably the finest church in Central America.

Sources: (UNESCO) (Britannica) (Global Vision International) 

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What is the most visited national park in the US? Answers to your biggest park questions

Most people have heard of Yosemite’s Half Dome or Yellowstone's Old Faithful , but how about the largest national park? Or which gets the most visitors each year? 

USA TODAY rounded up answers to the most popular park questions to help travelers better understand these national treasures and share some fun trivia with family and friends on their next park visit.

Here are 10 things to know about America’s national parks .

What is the most visited national park in the US? 

Great Smoky Mountains is the most visited national park in America, by far. Last year, it drew nearly three times the visitors as the second-most visited park, Grand Canyon , according to National Park Service data .

These were the 15 most visited national parks in 2023:

• Great Smoky Mountains in North Carolina and Tennessee - 13,297,647
• Grand Canyon in Arizona - 4,733,705
• Zion in Utah - 4,623,238
• Yellowstone in Idaho, Montana, Wyoming - 4,501,382
• Rocky Mountain in Colorado - 4,115,837
• Yosemite in California - 3,897,070
• Acadia in Maine - 3,879,890
• Grand Teton in Wyoming - 3,417,106
• Joshua Tree in California  - 3,270,404
• Olympic National Park in Washington - 2,947,503
• Glacier National Park in Montana - 2,933,616
• Cuyahoga Valley in Ohio - 2,860,059
• Indiana Dunes in Indiana - 2,765,892
• Hot Springs in Arkansas - 2,502,967
• Bryce Canyon in Utah - 2,461,269

The least visited national park is Gates of the Arctic in Alaska, which drew 11,045 visitors last year even though there are no roads to get there.“Even for Alaska, Gates of the Arctic is sort of above all the rest in terms of difficulty of reaching it, solitude, remoteness,” Peter Christian, chief spokesperson for Public Affairs for the National Park Service’s Alaska region, previously told USA TODAY.  

'Finding hidden gems': America's least visited national parks

What are the big 3 national parks?

When people think of national parks, three loom large in many minds: Grand Canyon, Yellowstone and Yosemite. 

However, they’re neither the three most visited national parks nor the largest in size. 

What is the largest US national park?

Wrangell-St. Elias is the biggest of all. It’s more than three times the size of Grand Canyon, Yellowstone and Yosemite national parks combined. 

The three biggest national parks are all in Alaska:

• Wrangell-St. Elias National Park & Preserve - 13.2 million acres
• Gates of the Arctic National Park & Preserve - nearly 8.5 million acres
• Denali National Park & Preserve - more than 4.7 million acres

The smallest national park is Gateway Arch in Missouri, at roughly 91 acres.

What is the newest national park?

New River Gorge , in West Virginia, became America’s newest national park in December 2020.

It was previously designated a national river. 

Story continues below.

How many national parks are in the US?

There are 63 national parks across the country, including two in U.S. territories.

USA TODAY has been spotlighting each one in a yearlong series that shares insights and tips from the park rangers who know them best.

Has anyone been to all 63 national parks?

Yes. Multiple people have accomplished this bucket list feat, including Stefanie Payne, who visited all 63 parks within one year and wrote about them in " 100 Things to See in the National Parks ."

“The Alaska parks are the ones that are deepest in my heart because they are in such a remote and rugged landscape,” she previously told USA TODAY . “It's really just mind-bending to be in some of those areas, especially when the mountains are so big and the glaciers and the terrain is really challenging and you start to see what you're made of.”

What state has the best national parks?

Many national parks fans point to Utah’s Mighty Five : Arches, Bryce Canyon, Canyonlands, Capitol Reef and Zion, but best is subjective. 

“I'm sure every park is like, ‘Everywhere is the best.’ It's all so good, right?” Petrified Forest National Park park ranger Jessica Barnett told USA TODAY.

Which state has the most number of national parks?

California has the most national parks, with nine: Channel Islands, Death Valley, Joshua Tree, Kings Canyon, Lassen Volcanic, Pinnacles, Redwood, Sequoia, and Yosemite.

Death Valley actually straddles California and Nevada. A number of America’s national parks span multiple states.

What state has no national park? 

There are no national parks in Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont or Wisconsin.

However, all 50 states are home to other National Park Service units , like national battlefields and seashores, which are sometimes called parks.

The National Park System currently has 429 units. The most recent addition is Amanche National Historic Site in Colorado. Travelers can find sites by state on the National Park Service’s website .

What is a national park a park for? 

When Yellowstone became America’s first national park in 1872, Congress designated it “a public park or pleasuring ground for the benefit and enjoyment of the people,” but national parks have come to offer and protect much more.

“The National Park Service preserves unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the National Park System for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations,” according the mission shared on its website. 

To help protect these spaces, visitors are asked to leave no trace .

Contributing: Bailey Schulz, USA TODAY

How to stay safe during the April 8 solar eclipse

Here's how to protect your eyes and stay safe during the total solar eclipse on April 8, 2024.

1. Get certified eclipse glasses ahead of the event

2. know when to use solar eclipse glasses, 3. prepare for backcountry travel, 4. pay attention to weather and conditions, 5. stay safe in cities, 6. don't get lost, and avoid traffic jams.

A solar eclipse will be visible across North America on April 8 . 

Everyone in the U.S. will see at least a partial solar eclipse , but only those within the 115-mile-wide (185 kilometers) path of totality will witness the sun's face completely blocked by the moon's shadow for up to 4 minutes, 28 seconds. 

Only during totality — when the sun's face is completely blocked — is it safe to look at the totally eclipsed sun's corona with the naked eye. At all other times, including during the partial phase of the eclipse, you must wear certified solar eclipse glasses to view the sun. 

There are some safety issues to be aware of at other times, too.  Here are six tips to ensure a safe and enjoyable viewing of the solar eclipse.  

Related: How to observe the sun safely (and what to look for)  

Solar eclipse glasses are plentiful and inexpensive. Buy them before stocks run low, and get them only from this list of verified suppliers of safe solar filters and viewers on the American Astronomical Society's AAS Solar Eclipse Task Force website. Only then can you be sure that they comply with the ISO 12312-2 international standard, which means they reduce visible sunlight to safe and comfortable levels and block all but a tiny fraction of solar UV and IR radiation. 

Related: Solar eclipse glasses: Where to buy the best, high-quality eyewear

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Do NOT use sunglasses, solar filters meant for cameras and telescopes, smoked glass, welder's goggles, photographic or X-ray film, potato-chip bags or DVDs to view the partially eclipsed sun . None of these methods are safe. 

You can use solar eclipse glasses to look at the sun anytime. Typically, however, solar eclipse glasses are used to view the sun from the moment the moon starts to cross it — a time known as first contact. You must use solar eclipse glasses to look at the eclipse whenever the sun is only partially covered, which is the entire time on April 8 for most of North America. 

Although the path of totality on April 8 will include several major cities and metropolitan areas, it crosses a lot of backcountry. Many people will chase clear skies, which could take them to areas they hadn't planned on visiting. Remote parts of Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine, in particular, are short on facilities and gas stations. So bring everything you need, including a full fuel tank and extra food, water, cash and toilet paper. 

In April, you can expect the unexpected, with everything from snow in the Northeast to tornadoes in the Midwest. In remote areas of the northeastern U.S. and Canada, the mountains, lakes and forests may provide a beautiful backdrop, but conditions in the backcountry that time of year can be difficult. 

Related: Solar eclipse 2024 weather prospects: Q&A with an expert

"Since visitors may not be familiar with the area's ever-changing weather and early spring conditions, our most important role is to share important information about being safe and well-prepared and about the planned events throughout the region," representatives from the Adirondacks' Regional Office of Sustainable Tourism (ROOST) said in a statement . 

ROOST encourages people  to avoid mountain trails and waters. Read up on the climate along the eclipse track , look at weather forecasts and decide the best place to watch the eclipse the day before the event.

If you decide to watch the eclipse from a city sidewalk — perhaps even during a lunch break at work — then watch out. Wandering into roads and other dangerous situations is easier than you might think when you're looking through solar eclipse glasses. The best, easiest and safest eclipse-observing site is an open space or park, which will likely have a much better view of the eclipse than city streets, where buildings could easily block the view. 

The biggest cities inside the path are Mazatlán and Torreón, Mexico; San Antonio, Austin and Dallas, Texas; Indianapolis, Indiana; Hamilton, Ontario; Montreal Quebec. 

Read more: Total solar eclipse April 2024: 10 of the biggest cities within the path of totality

Relocating at the last minute in search of clear weather is not particularly recommended unless the roads are clear and you have multiple backup plans. An excellent way to monitor the traffic situation both before and after the eclipse is to use Google Maps or similar apps to monitor live traffic information. 

Related: Solar eclipse jam: How to avoid getting stuck in traffic on April 8, 2024

However, you need to know your destination. A great way to begin your research is to use an interactive eclipse map and note the eclipse schedules for various locations in advance. Fred Espenak's Road Atlas for the Total Solar Eclipse of 2024 and Michael Zeiler's Field Guide to the 2023 and 2024 Solar Eclipses ensure you have a spiral-bound hard copy of the path of totality in case you lose your cellphone connection. A great option is to download the Solar Eclipse Timer App , which provides audio commentary on exactly what to expect and when to expect it and instantly tells you if you're inside the path of totality. 

Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: [email protected].

Jamie is an experienced science, technology and travel journalist and stargazer who writes about exploring the night sky, solar and lunar eclipses, moon-gazing, astro-travel, astronomy and space exploration. He is the editor of  WhenIsTheNextEclipse.com  and author of  A Stargazing Program For Beginners , and is a senior contributor at Forbes. His special skill is turning tech-babble into plain English.

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Maps of the April 2024 Total Solar Eclipse

By Jonathan Corum

On April 8, the moon will slip between the Earth and the sun, casting a shadow across a swath of North America: a total solar eclipse.

By cosmic coincidence, the moon and the sun appear roughly the same size in the sky. When the moon blocks the glare of the sun, the sun’s outer atmosphere, or corona, will be briefly visible.

Below are several maps of the eclipse’s path as well as images of what you might experience during the event.

Where Can I See the Total Eclipse?

The eclipse will begin at sunrise over the Pacific Ocean, then cut through Mexico and cross the United States from Texas to Maine. Most of North America will see a partial eclipse, but viewers within the deepest shadow — a band sliding from Mazatlán, Mexico, to the Newfoundland coast near Gander, Canada — will experience a total solar eclipse.

Percentage of

the sun obscured

during the eclipse

Indianapolis

Little Rock

San Antonio

Viewers inside the path of the total eclipse may notice a drop in temperature , a lull or shift in the wind , the appearance of bright planets in the sky, and the quieting of birds and other wildlife.

Many cities lie inside the path of the total eclipse, as shown below, the width of which varies from 108 miles to 122 miles.

20% partial eclipse

NEWFOUNDLAND

SASKATCHEWAN

Fredericton

Minneapolis

San Francisco

90% partial eclipse

Los Angeles

Mexico City

EL SALVADOR

Explore our interactive cloud outlook for eclipse viewing times and average cloud data at your location.

What Will I See?

A composite image of the 2017 solar eclipse over Madras, Ore.

Aubrey Gemignani/NASA

If the sky is clear, viewers in the path of the total eclipse should see a “diamond ring” effect a few seconds before and after the total eclipse, as the edge of the sun slips in and out of view.

The “diamond ring” effect during the 2017 solar eclipse.

Rami Daud/NASA, Alcyon Technical Services

The sun’s outer atmosphere, or corona, is normally hidden by the sun’s glare. These tendrils and sheets of gas, heated to a million degrees Fahrenheit or more, are in constant motion and shaped by the sun’s swirling magnetic field.

The sun’s corona during the 2017 solar eclipse.

The sun is relatively active this year and is nearing the expected peak of its 11-year solar cycle . Researchers at Predictive Science are using data about the sun’s magnetic field to predict and model a dramatic corona for the April eclipse.

A prediction of how the sun’s corona might appear during the April 8 total eclipse.

Predictive Science

What Colors Should I Wear?

As the sky darkens, light-sensitive cells in human eyes become more sensitive to blue and green hues than to reds and oranges. This shift in color perception is known as the Purkinje effect , after a 19th-century Czech scientist, and is typically seen at twilight.

Watching the 2017 total eclipse at Southern Illinois University.

Andrea Morales for The New York Times

To take advantage of the Purkinje effect, wear green clothes or a contrasting combination of greens and reds. Blue-green colors (shorter wavelengths) will appear brighter, while red colors (longer wavelengths) will appear to recede into the darkness.

What If I Miss It?

The next two total solar eclipses in the United States won’t occur until 2044 and 2045 . But eclipse chasers might catch one in 2026 in Greenland, Iceland and Spain; 2027 along the coast of Northern Africa; 2028 in Australia and New Zealand; or 2030 across Southern Africa and Australia.

A Total Solar Eclipse Is Coming. Here’s What You Need to Know.

These are answers to common questions about the April 8 eclipse, and we’re offering you a place to pose more of them.

By Katrina Miller

What’s the Cloud Outlook for Eclipse Day? See if History Is on Your Side.

April 8 could be your best opportunity to see a total solar eclipse for decades. But if clouds fill the sky, your shot at seeing the spectacle could be lost.

By Josh Katz, K.K. Rebecca Lai and William B. Davis

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