best country to visit central asia

Travel to Central Asia – Which country should you visit?

By Joan Torres 8 Comments Last updated on April 24, 2024

I spent 5 months traveling through Central Asia and it was the trip of my lifetime.

It’s the most epic region I have ever been to, and not only because this used to be the heart of the Silk Road and has some truly legendary mountains but also because, despite being a barely visited region, it’s a very accessible, tourist-friendly destination which I would even recommend to my mom.

Central Asia, however, is pretty big, a region where you could spend months exploring and, for those who are short of time, choosing the right itinerary that fits their traveling needs can be a tough decision.

Therefore, it doesn’t surprise me at all when many readers email me asking:

I only have X weeks to travel in Central Asia, which countries would you recommend to me?

The truth is that the 5 Central Asian Republics are, on the one hand, very similar – probably because they are all former Soviet Republics, times in which Soviet leaders tried to implement homogeneity across their socialist state.

However, they are also very different, each country offering a truly unique experience.

In this blog, I wanted to give you a detailed overview of each one of the Central Asian Republics, as well as general travel tips for Central Asia.

In this Central Asia travel guide you will find:

Table of Contents

• What is Central Asia
• Best time to visit
• How to get in
• How to get around
• Is it safe?
• Travel Insurance
• Which country you should visit

Turkmenistan

• More resources

our recommended travel insurance for Central Asia

With its backpacker plan, IATI Insurance is the perfect one for countries filled with adventure.

What is Central Asia?

Note: Geographically, Central Asia is composed not only of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan but also Afghanistan , northern Pakistan, and Xinjiang province in China.

However, when you think about visiting Central Asia, most travelers refer to the 5 former Soviet Republics (also known as the Stans), which is what this travel guide is referring to as well.

If you want to know more about Pakistan, read my Pakistan archives .

⛅ Best time to travel to Central Asia

Most of Central Asia has a continental climate, with utterly hot summers and extremely cold winters but, since each country has something different to offer, each one has a specific best season to come over.

How did I organize my trip across the Stans?

As I told you in the introduction, I spent 5 months traveling in the Stans and, from a timing point of view, this is how I organized my itinerary:

• June 15th to August 15th: Kyrgyzstan
• August 15th to September 15th: Tajikistan
• September 15th to October 15th: Uzbekistan
• October 15th to November 15th: Kazakhstan

It wasn’t a coincidence, but I planned it based on the following criteria:

Visiting Central Asia in summer

Summer is the ideal season for visiting the mountain regions which, in my opinion, should be the highlight of any trip to Central Asia.

However, bear in mind that anywhere outside those areas, the weather will be very hot.

Best time for

Kyrgyzstan – Plenty of nomads and the best season for trekking.

Tajikistan – Same as Kyrgyzstan. If you only have 3 weeks in August, I actually recommend you combine Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.

Kazakhstan – The southeastern part of Kazakhstan is a mountainous region that belongs to the Tien Shan range. In the east, you also find Katon-Karagay, but that’s very remote.

Not a good time for

Uzbekistan – The highlight of Uzbekistan is visiting cities like Khiva or Bukhara but, in summer, temperatures may reach over 40ºC, so it’s not a good time to visit them. I haven’t been in Uzbekistan during the summer months but during my journey, I met many travelers who were complaining about this.

Turkmenistan – It’s a desert country and, as such, the weather can be extremely hot in summer.

Some parts of Kazakhstan – Kazakhstan is vast and the mountain regions are just a tiny part of it, most of the country comprises endless steppe that becomes overwhelmingly hot in summer.

Moreover, bear in mind that summer is high season, which means the most popular places will be busy.

Read: tips & packing list for trekking in Central Asia

Visiting Central Asia in spring and autumn

In my opinion, these are the best seasons to visit the Central Asian Republics: most crowds are gone, the weather is pleasant and, if you come in late spring or early autumn, the mountains are still very accessible.

Uzbekistan – The weather is pleasant and the Silk Road cities are less busy.

Turkmenistan – Turkmenistan is free of crowds all year long but, like in Uzbekistan, spring and autumn have the most pleasant weather.

Kazakhstan – Except for the mountain regions, these seasons are the best to enjoy the rest of Kazakhstan, especially the southern part, which includes the Aral Sea, Shimkyent, Turkestan, etc.

Kyrgyzstan & Tajikistan – Unless you want to go trekking in very high altitudes (we got snow in the month of June), this should be the best time, as the mountains are very accessible, most backpackers are gone and nomads will still be there. By the way, the Fann Mountains in Tajikistan are best explored during this season.

If you come too early in spring or too late in autumn, you might not be able to go trekking or even camping in Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan and Kazakhstan .

For example, I visited the mountainous region of Kazakhstan in November and had to skip any sort of trekking because it was already too cold.

Visiting Central Asia in winter

Most of Central Asia is covered by snow but you can still enjoy it somehow.

Uzbekistan – If you don’t mind sightseeing with freezing temperatures and gray skies, it shouldn’t be a bad time to visit Uzbekistan.

Kazakhstan – Same as Uzbekistan, but you really need to wear proper clothes.

Turkmenistan – If you don’t mind the cold, it shouldn’t be that bad!

Kyrgyzstan – In Kyrgyzstan, there is a ski resort, plus you can do some winter nomad sports in the area around Issy-Kul.

From meeting nomads to trekking and wandering around the mountains, winter is not a good time for any adventurous activity which, in my opinion, is the main highlight in Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan and also Kazakhstan .

🛫 Best way to travel to Central Asia

How to travel to the stans by air.

With the region’s increase in popularity, today, traveling to the Stans is becoming easier than ever, and you can find direct flights from many cities in Europe, the Middle East , and Asia.

From Europe, the cheapest cities to travel to Central Asia is by flying to Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) and Almaty (Kazakhstan), cities where you can find daily flights with Pegasus.

Dushanbe (Tajikistan) is the second easiest city to travel to. You can find budget flights too, but they don’t have as many connections.

Tashkent , in Uzbekistan, has plenty of fights as well but flights to Uzbekistan are much more expensive due to airport taxes.

The capital of Turkmenistan, Ashgabat , is a pretty isolated city with expensive flights.

Do you know another of my favorite regions? The Horn of Africa , which includes countries like Ethiopia, Somalia or Eritrea CHECK ALL MY GUIDES HERE

How to travel to the Stans by land

You can travel to the Central Asian Republics from:

Entering Central Asia from Russia

From Russia, you can enter Kazakhstan from many different entry points, both by train, bus, or even in your own vehicle.

Entering Central Asia from China

From Xinjiang province, you can enter Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. I entered Kyrgyzstan via Irkeshtam Pass and here you can read my full report .

Entering Central Asia from Afghanistan

Afghanistan shares borders with Uzbekistan (very straightforward and easy border to use), Turkmenistan (which apparently is closed), and Tajikistan (the one that leads to the Wakhan is very safe, the other one not so much).

The security situation is changing constantly. Check my guide on how to travel safely in Afghanistan

Entering Central Asia from Iran

Iran shares a border with Turkmenistan and, assuming you have a valid visa, you can cross that border, no problem. Read my Iran travel guide .

Entering Central Asia from Azerbaijan

There is no border with this country but you can take a ferry across the Caspian Sea from Baku to the Kazakh city of Aktau. Moreover, as long as you have a valid visa, you can also take it from Baku to Turkmenbashi, in Turkmenistan. Here you can learn more about the Caspian Sea ferry .

🛺 How to travel around Central Asia

Traveling between the stans, crossing borders.

Except for a few specific borders which can only be used by nationals, today you can travel from and to any of the Stans, assuming you have a valid visa.

Transportation between the Stans

It’s pretty easy and you can cross all borders by either train, marshrutka, or local shared taxi. The only challenging border crossings (from a transportation point of view) would be between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, for the simple reason that it is a mountainous region with very limited public transportation.

For more information, I strongly recommend you check Caravanistan border crossing reports .

Transportation in Central Asia

The coolest thing about the Stans is that traveling around on a budget, by public transportation is very easy, as you can get to pretty much anywhere around the region by:

Travel by Marshrutka in Central Asia

Marshrutka means mini-bus in Russian and it is the main way of transportation across all former Soviet Union, from Belarus to Tajikistan. They go pretty much anywhere and leave once they are full.

Travel by a local shared taxi in Central Asia

Sometimes, the locals travel in shared taxis because they are faster than marshrutkas, or to reach faraway places where marshrutkas don’t go.

Travel by train in Central Asia

The train is a beautiful way to travel around Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, but in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan is not very convenient.

⚠️ Is it safe to travel to Central Asia?

Fact: The Central Asian Republics are one of the safest places I have ever been to, no kidding.

I know that this is a difficult thing to prove with just words but the fact is that during my 5-month trip, I never had a single issue and, other than a few drunk men bothering me, everybody was pretty cool.

Moreover, the Stans is a region where you see a lot of solo female travelers, most of them claiming had a great experience with very few incidents.

Nicole has written a guide about it .

The dangers in Central Asia, however, are more related to the adventurous stuff.

In fact, I had a pretty bad horse accident in Tash Rabat , in which I hurt my back pretty badly and had to stay in bed for 2 weeks. It’s the only serious incident I have ever had when traveling.

Therefore, you must travel in Central Asia with proper travel insurance . More on that below.

🚑 Travel insurance for Central Asia

For traveling around Central Asia, you should get travel insurance with at least the following features and benefits:

• Covers adventure activities, including trekking in high altitudes
• Covers multi-country trips for up to 3 months, good for overlanding across the Stans

And, for that, I recommend IATI Insurance . It has budget plans too and readers of this blog get a 5% discount

The best country to travel in Central Asia – Which one should you visit?

Here’s a quick, but complete, overview of all the Stans.

Central Asia travel tip Many of you have emailed me saying that you will only have 3 weeks for traveling in Central Asia, yet you plan to visit at least 3 countries in such a short period of time. While the idea of visiting many countries might sound appealing, the only thing you will achieve with this is seeing nothing. Central Asia is a region made not to rush: spending a few days with nomads or enjoying the mountains are activities one should take easy, besides that moving from one place to another takes a lot of time. If you only have 3 weeks, I recommend you visit a maximum of 2 countries, preferably 1.

Visa for Kyrgyzstan – Most nationalities can get a 2-month free visa on arrival.

In my experience, this was the best country to visit in Central Asia

Lush green meadows, 7,000m-high snow-capped peaks, remote nomadic camps, and the land of horses.

Kyrgyzstan is the ultimate destination for mountain lovers and adventurous travelers, a country composed of some of the most epic mountains I have ever seen, some of them being highly accessible, while others being only suitable for real experts.

Moreover, Kyrgyzstan is a surprisingly easy and cheap country to travel to, with great tourist infrastructure.

In my experience, this was my favorite country to visit in Central Asia.

Top 5 experiences in Kyrgyzstan

Trekking in the Tien Shan range – The main reason you come to Kyrgyzstan. Just real epicness.

Staying with real nomads in a yurt camp – Kyrgyzstan is home to the most accessible nomadic culture ever. They are everywhere and, for very little money, you can stay in their yurts.

Trekking on the back of a horse – This is the land of horses and going over a mountain pass on a horse is a must.

Hanging out in Bishkek – The capital of Kyrgyzstan is surprisingly Westernized and a great city to take a couple-of-days-break.

Going to the Alay Valley and Lenin Peak base camp – My most favorite natural site in the country, bordering Tajikistan, this is the most impressive mountain region.

Kyrgyzstan is good for:

Trekking (all types of trekking)

Getting immersed in the nomadic culture

All Central Asia is cheap, but Kyrgyzstan is definitely the cheapest

Further reading:

• Kyrgyzstan, 1-month itinerary
• Tips for traveling to Kyrgyzstan
• A beginner’s guide to trekking in Kyrgyzstan

Visa for Tajikistan – Most nationalities can get a free visa on arrival but you’ll need a special permit to visit the GBAO region. Read this visa section for more information.

Far less visited than its neighbor Kyrgyzstan but equally epic, perhaps even more, Tajikistan is another mountain destination, the heart of the Pamir range and home to the Pamir Highway, one of the most celebrated and exciting roads in the world to drive along.

The mountains of Tajikistan are less green and cute than Kyrgyzstan, but that’s because they are wilder, more remote, which means that the tourist infrastructure is also poorer, so, if you are seeking a real off the beaten track experience and can’t decide between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, I definitely recommend Tajikistan.

Prices are quite similar, just slightly more expensive but, since some areas are very remote and not suitable for independent backpackers, the total cost can be considerably higher, especially if you travel the Pamir Highway.

5 Top experiences in Tajikistan

Driving the Pamir Highway – One of the most stunning roads in the world, if not the most.

Trekking in the Pamirs – Some of the wildest and most stunning treks ever but keep in mind that those mountains are tough.

Wandering along the Afghan border in the Wakhan Valley – An ancient Silk Road route that goes along the Afghan border and filled with epic fortresses and landscapes.

Discovering remote mountain villages in the Fann Mountains – The more accessible Fann Mountains are also home to unspotted rural villages and settlements.

Explore the millennial city of Khujand – One of the oldest cities in Central Asia is Khujand, a traditional city in its purest Tajik form.

Tajikistan is good for:

Epic road trips

Super remote, offbeat landscapes

• Tajikistan travel tips
• Pamir Highway travel guide
• A guide to the Wakhan Valley in Tajikistan

Visa for Uzbekistan – Some nationalities get a visa on arrival, but others need to apply for an e-visa- Read this visa guide for more information.

Once one of the most hermetic countries in Asia, with very strict visa policies for foreigners, Uzbekistan is today, the most tourist-friendly country to visit in Central Asia, and the only one where you already see some mass tourism evidence, even though – and to be fair – the vast majority of it is concentrated in just 3 cities, the rest of the country remaining quite unexplored.

Uzbekistan has opened its borders to show the rest of the world the majesty of what used to be the heart of the ancient Silk Road, a country filled with absolutely jaw-dropping mosques, shrines and old cities.

However, if you thought the Silk Road cities of Samarkand, Bukhara, and Khiva are the only reason to travel to Uzbekistan you would be very wrong, because here you also find some off the beaten track gems, ranging from the dried-out Aral Sea to the less-visited Fergana Valley.

I loved Uzbekistan but, to be honest with you, it’s my least favorite country to travel in Central Asia but this is just my very subjective opinion, as when I travel, I prefer mountains and rural life over visiting cities.

Top 5 experiences in Uzbekistan

Checking out the mind-blowing mosques and madrassas – They are absolutely stunning, and the reason number one to come to Uzbekistan.

Traveling back to the Silk Road times – Bukhara, Samarkand and Khiva were some of the 3 most important cities on the Silk Road.

Visit the Aral Sea – The planet’s worst environmental disaster and you can visit a city with a harbor and no sea named Moynaq.

Visiting the Fergana Valley – A real off the beaten track region and the heart of Islam in Central Asia.

Walking among Soviet buildings in Tashkent – The capital of Uzbekistan is an old Soviet-planned city and a fun place to wander around for a few days.

Uzbekistan is good for:

Silk Road monuments & architecture

The best bazaars

A bit of off the beaten track stuff

• Travel tips for Uzbekistan
• Uzbekistan backpacking itinerary
• A guide to visit the Aral Sea in Uzbekistan

Visa for Kazakhstan – Most nationalities can get a visa on arrival valid for 30 days.

If you like visiting weird things and, at the same time, visiting the most Westernized city in Asia or checking out some drop-dead mountains, you are going to love Kazakhstan.

On the one hand, Kazakhstan is a huge country, the 9th largest country in the world and, in order to feel this vastness, I strongly recommend you cross the whole country on a Soviet train, from west to east.

On the other hand, this is home to some of the most off the beaten track attractions in Central Asia, ranging from the forbidden city of Baikonur to a former testing place for atomic bombs, the main city in the dried-out Aral Sea and Nur-Sultan (former Astana), the capital and a city that has quite a few peculiar and extravagant buildings to check out.

Moreover, the old capital Almaty is the most European-like city in all Asia and the mountains in the southeastern part of the country are just gorgeous, even though I couldn’t really enjoy them because I was there in November, but I did enjoy a lot traveling by train, the traditional Kazakh life in Shymkient, the Aral Sea and Baikonur.

Top experiences in Kazakhstan

Travel in a Soviet train through the steppe – Epic multi-day journeys through endless Kazakh steppe.

Discover the gorgeous mountains of southeastern Kazakhstan – Unbelievable scenery filled with alpine lakes and canyons.

Hang out in Almaty – The most European city in Asia, a city where I would not mind living for a while.

Visit the Aral Sea – The worst environmental disaster caused by humans and in Kazakhstan, you find the largest city, today mainly composed of a harbor without a sea.

Kazakhstan is good for:

Trekking (all types)

Train travel

Best city (Almaty)

Weird, offbeat stuff

• Kazakhstan travel tips
• Kazakhstan, 1-month itinerary
• Train travel in Kazakhstan

Visa – There are two types of visa: 1 ) Transit visa , which is a 5-day visa that you can only apply for if you enter overland and exit overland through two different countries. For example, Uzbekistan -> Turkmenistan -> Iran – 2) Tourist visa : You can get a longer, normal visa if you book a full tour with a valid tour operator.

Welcome to one of the most secretive countries in the world .

Along with Eritrea and North Korea, Turkmenistan is, sadly, one of the most repressive countries on Earth, the reason why this is also the most difficult destination to travel to in Central Asia (in fact, the only difficult one).

Actually, this is the only country in Central Asia I haven’t visited, basically because they denied me a visa when I applied from Tashkent . It is very high on my list and I am sure I will travel there soon.

Infamous for being ruled by an egocentric leader who spends billions in building nonsensical, and absolutely strange buildings to worship himself, Turkmenistan is the offbeat capital of Central Asia, but these weird things are not the only reason for visiting the country, but this is also home to some Silk Road wonders such as the city of Merv, and wonderful desert landscapes.

5 Top experiences in Turkmenistan

Exploring Ashgabat – A city made of marble and ridiculous monuments built with the sole purpose of satisfying the leader’s needless caprices.

Visiting Konye-Urgench – Minarets and turquoise-tiled mosques, like in Uzbekistan, but without souvenir shops.

Camping next to Darvaza crater – A living gas crater that has been burning for ages in the middle of the desert.

Checking out Merv – Probably, the most famous archeological site in Central Asia.

Wandering around Yangykala Canyon – Unique shapes, patterns, and colors, this desert is definitely worth to pay a visit.

Turkmenistan is good for:

Silk Road archaeological sites, cities and monuments

Desert landscapes

• Turkmenistan, 1 week itinerary
• Turkmenistan travel tips

📚 Best books about Central Asia and the Silk Road

These are just my top 5 books.

For more options, read: Best books on the Silk Road

Sovietistan, by Erika Fatland

A solo female traveler who travels across the 5 Stans, unveiling and discovering the darkest and most offbeat secrets in Central Asia.

Dictators without borders, by Alexander A. Cooley Ph.D. and John Heathershaw

International politics and the influence of Central Asia in the Western world, and how Western Governments have been involved in plenty of dirty businesses with Central Asian dictators.

Turkestan solo, by Ella Maillart

A solo female traveler who traveled in Central Asia in the 30s, so this travelogue will help you understand what was it like to travel in Central Asia during the Soviet Union times.

The Silent steppe, by Mukhamet Shayakhmetov

The story about the forced displacement that millions of Kazakh nomads suffered during Stalin’s regime, and the author is a survivor who tells the struggles that he and his family had to go through.

Murder in Samarkand, by Craig Murray

The human rights abuse in Uzbekistan during the regime from the previous president Islam Karimov, who ruled the country from its independence until 2016.

❗ More resources for traveling in the Stans

📢 In my Travel Resources Page you can find the list of all the sites and services I use to book hotels, tours, travel insurance and more.

For everything related to visas, updated information on border crossings, etc., your best source is going to be Caravanistan .

Guidebooks for backpacking in Central Asia

Central asia travel guide by lonely planet.

If you are traveling to several countries in the region, you may want to get the LP, the most complete travel guide to Central Asia. Since they talk about 5 countries in one single book, however, the information is a bit limited.

Central Asia travel guides by Bradt

If you want to get deeper in each one of the countries, I strongly recommend you get Bradt guides, as they have one separate book for each country.

Bradt is my favorite brand when it comes to guidebooks because their information is always so insightful and they put a focus on off-the-beaten-track places.

• Kyrgyzstan Bradt Guide
• Tajikistan Bradt Guide
• Kazakhstan Bradt Guide
• Uzbekistan Bradt Guide
• Turkmenistan Bradt Guide

You may also want to get a Kindle, so you don’t carry so many books with you.

Hi Joan i read your interview on superblogging.com. It was very insightful. I am looking at starting a blog in 2 languages, I am just a bit confused, so you create the same post in 2 languages, but how do you add the flag feature that changes the language. Thanks Devyani

Hi Devyani, The ”flag” feature is just an option available in WPML, and it’s optional. The reason I have it is that it can be good for SEO purposes, since you are directly telling Google that there’s a translation available for that specific post.

I was disappointed to read your article. If you didn’t want to travel to Uzbekistan, why did you come? What you write is your right. but it is necessary to treat that country and its people with a little respect

what are you talking about dude

Hi Joan I am thinking on travelling to Central Asia this summer, in August or September, for 3 weeks. At the beginning I was thinking on visiting Uzbekistan but then, because maybe it will be hot, and also because I have read many articles here, I am thinking on Kyrgyzstan (and possibly Tajikistan too, or probably not). My doubt is, if I do it as a solo traveller, I think that maybe all the hiking alone could be boring and even dangerous. I am learning a bit of Russian and I think I will be able to communicate with locals, but not too much. So probably Uzbekistan being more a city travel will be better for a solo trip. I would like to know your opinion, thank you so much in advance.

Hello Antonio! I like traveling to countries during the right season and basically, August is not a good season for Uzbekistan, with temperatures in cities being over 40ºC. On the other hand, August is the best season for hiking in Kyrgyzstan. Go to Karakol and do stay in a hostel. Many people go there just for trekking, and you’re likely to meet other travelers you could share the hike with, not to mention that some trails might be busy with other travelers too.

Thank you so much for your answer Joan!!

Central Asia is a captivating region to explore, and this comprehensive guide provides valuable insights for travelers. The author’s personal experience and recommendations make it even more enticing. The information on visas, best times to visit, transportation options, and safety is particularly helpful. The description of Kyrgyzstan as a paradise for mountain lovers and adventurous travelers adds to the allure. Overall, this guide is a fantastic resource for anyone planning a trip to Central Asia.

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

  Notify me when new comments are added.

Join our Expeditions

From Syria to Iraq in Pakistan, Against the Compass is finally running expeditions to the most epic and off-the-beaten-track countries.

We have scheduled expeditions for every month of the year.

Latest posts

• How to Travel to Libya in 2024
• Backpacking Venezuela Travel Guide (2024)
• How to travel to Afghanistan during Taliban rule (2024)
• How to visit Los Llanos in Venezuela
• How to visit Angel Falls and Canaima National Park

• Travel Guides Plan your adventure
• Destinations Our favourite places
• Tours Book a trip
• Travel Companies Independent specialists
• Travel Guides
• Destinations
• Travel Companies

The Five 'Stans: The Best Places To Visit In Central Asia

Where to go and what to do in central asia.

Steven Hermans

• In this guide

The Karakum Desert

Bukhara and khiva.

• Need to know
• Where to go

The Pamir Highway

The Five ‘Stans… just a handful of countries, but covering a vast swathe of Central Asia.

Where do you start an introduction to a region that stretches from China in the east, to the Caspian Sea in the west, when just one of the countries, Kazakhstan, is almost the same size as Europe?

Some definitions to get us going: the Five 'Stans consist of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and the largest, Kazakhstan. Although these five countries have much in common, they also have quite different cultures and traditions.

Their histories are endlessly fascinating: violence and conquest, mixed with the most breathtaking scientific and cultural breakthroughs, the evidence of which is with us today. Yes, Genghis Khan swept through the region with an unimaginable ruthlessness, creating an empire which has never been equalled in size. And yes, Timur (Tamburlaine) was an equally brutal warlord whose influence extended even into India thanks to his descendants.

But the architecture! The scientific advances! The enlightened education! All while Europe was a wallowing backwater. Much of this impressive legacy remains for the visitor to gaze at and admire in awe. This civilisation created buildings which are still among the most stunning to be seen anywhere in the world. Here was where Ulugh Beg built an observatory (you can still see the ruins) at which he mapped the stars and calculated the length of the year; here was the first paper factory which eventually allowed us in the west to write and to read. The (restored) cities of Samarkand and Khiva are like nowhere else on earth. It's all here, and it's criminally underrated by the world's tourism industry.

Ready to go? Here's our summary of the best places to visit in Central Asia, what to do, and how to get there.

Statues around the Monument of Independence in Ashgabat

featured trips

Historical Cities of Central Asia

Following in the footsteps of marco polo.

Uzbekistan in Depth

Explore samarkand, bukhara, khiva, termez and fergana valley.

Best of Central Asia

Experience the people, history and nature of the 'five stans, best places to visit in the five stans, the highlights of central asia.

The Five 'Stans are the countries at the heart of the Silk Road, along which goods travelled between China and the West. They have vast mountains, vast deserts, vast valleys, vast plains – you get the idea: everything out here is on an epic scale.

They have Soviet-style cities, true, sometimes with immense monuments to past strongmen rulers, but they also have remote villages and nomadic communities where the old traditions endure.

What's in a name?

The “stan” in the names means “land of”. So Kyrgyzstan is the land of the Kyrgyz, Uzbekistan is the land of the Uzbeks, and so on. It follows that although these five countries have much in common, they also have quite different cultures and traditions.

Shah-i-Zinda in Samarkand

Samarkand, one of the major stops along the ancient Silk Road, is a bustling city with, at its heart, one of the world’s unmissable sights - the Registan.

Built as madrassas, or schools, they are covered in ceramic tiles that sparkle in the sun. Dating from the 15th century and restored in the 20th, they are among the finest examples of Islamic architecture anywhere.

The Registan is just one of the highlights. The Shah-i-Zinda necropolis, dating from the 11th century, is an extraordinary collection of mausoleums and shrines – more than 20 buildings of stunning beauty, packed together in a relatively small space. Legend has it that the cousin of the Prophet Muhammad is buried there.

And don’t miss the remains of the 15th century observatory on the edge of the city, built by Ulugh Beg. Here is where he mapped the stars and worked out the length of the year, among other things, with astonishing accuracy.

Visiting Samarkand

No place on the long and winding Silk Road captures the imagination quite like Uzbekistan's Samarkand, the beautifully-preserved 14th-century city and centre of the mighty Timurid Empire…

Aksu Zhabagly Nature Reserve near Shymkent

This busy town in the south of Kazakhstan, is one of the country’s ancient settlements. Destroyed by Genghis Khan, it recovered to become a major centre along the Silk Road, and in the 20th century developed as one of the country’s main trade and industrial hubs. It has a number of historic sights, but the main attractions are outside the city. The region is famous for its rare tulips that in spring blanket the meadows of the mountains that form a stunning backdrop to the town.

The beautiful national parks that protect the tulips and are sanctuaries for bears and snow leopards, are wonderful to explore on horseback or on a hike: The sight of wild horses roaming through the tulip fields will stay with you forever.

The nearby old oasis towns will give you an unbeatable insight into what life must have been like for the Silk Road traders, and for accommodation try a homestay to sample a genuine Kazakh welcome and the local cuisine which developed out of the traditional nomadic lifestyle.

Visiting Shymkent

If Almaty is the queen of Kazakhstan, Shymkent is the eager lady-in-waiting…

Park of the First President of Kazakhstan in Almaty

The biggest, Kazakh city, Almaty very pleasant and green, surrounded by mountains, with tree-lined streets and many parks – Panfilov Park in particular is well worth strolling through with colourful wooden Zenkov Cathedral and the Musical Instruments Museum.

The city is known for its cultural life. With its theatres, opera house, and museums, and outdoor cafés, restaurants and international cuisine, it has become the favoured home of Central Asia’s literati. The Arasan baths are a great place to relax. You really need to try the luxury spa experience at what is said to be one of the country’s most striking modernist buildings.

There also much to see beyond the city. The nearby mountains are great for hiking and there’s skiing and open-air ice skating on offer too. And don’t miss the spectacular Charyn Canyon - its red sedimentary rock make it a smaller version of the Grand Canyon and it’s home to a wonderful collection of flora and fauna.

Visiting Almaty: How To Get There & Things To Do

The biggest, most vibrant Kazakh city was the capital until 1997…

Yurt camp at Song Kul Lake

Want to get a taste of nomadic life in remote Kyrgyzstan? This is the place to head for, although it’s not an easy journey.

The lake is over 3,000m up in the Tian Shan Mountains, an area covered with snow for up to 200 days a year, and the water freezes in winter, thawing in April-May. The winters are harsh, but in spring the landscape bursts into life. Nowhere is greener than the slopes around this beautiful lake and dozens of nomadic shepherd families come here to set up camp with their flocks.

You can join them, accept their wonderful hospitality, and have the experience of a lifetime thanks to community-based tourism: Sleep in a yurt, eat and drink as the locals do, soak up the amazing beauty of the landscape, hike or ride to explore it.

It’s remote and difficult to get to, and cold even in summer. But the warmth of the welcome you’ll get will be worth it.

How To Get To Song Kul Lake

Central Asia’s archetypal semi-nomadic culture is alive and well in Kyrgyzstan, and nowhere is this more evident than at Lake Song Kul…

Arslanbob mountain range

Arslanbob is a village, a valley, a mountain range and even a large walnut forest, all in Kyrgyzstan.

The village is tucked away on the edge of a fairytale forest, and it is perfect if you want to spend some time away from cities and the heat of the summer, and hike in glorious surroundings.

Waterfalls and sacred lakes make this a place pilgrims are drawn to, and any visitor will find it irresistible. The walnut forest is vast and ancient. According to legend Alexander the Great took walnuts from here which led to them spreading through Europe and the rest of the world.

That may or may not be true. What is certain is that time spent here, perhaps in a delightful homestay getting to know the locals, will be unforgettable.

Visiting Arslanbob: Highlights & How To Get There

The fairytale walnut forest of Arslanbob in southern Kyrgyzstan is a year-round destination for visitors…

The Darwaza Crater in Turkmenistan

The black sands of the Karakum spread over a vast swathe of Turkmenistan – about 70 per cent of the country. Rainfall is scarce and there are few people, but the desert is home to wildlife - lizards, snakes and turtles, foxes and gazelles.

The area was ravaged by Mongol conquests and major cities were destroyed, but there are monuments still standing to give you an idea of what was lost, and in the desert is the eerie Yangikala Canyon which was carved out 5 million years ago by the retreating sea which once covered the whole area.

And then there’s possibly the desert’s weirdest sight of all – the Darwaza Crater, popularly known as the Door to Hell. It’s large, about 70m in diameter and 20m deep, and it is on fire, constantly. It has captured the public imagination and you’ll understand why when you camp nearby and see it glowing ominously in the dark.

Visiting The Karakum Desert

The black sands of the Karakum Desert were once the domain of roving bands of Turkmen slave raiders that terrorised the Caspian basin…

Alem Cultural and Entertainment Centre in Ashgabat

The capital of Turkmenistan is weird and unsettling, but fascinating at the same time. It’s huge, richly decorated – and largely empty of people.

Think marble-clad tower blocks looming over wide, but empty, streets and extravagant monuments and gilded statues honouring various heroes of the country. It’s all bizarre, but still worth seeing.

But as befits a city that was founded in the 19th century, there is an old town, and some real life with the Russian bazaar where you can bargain for fruit with the locals.

There are also a number of museums, including the Turkmen Carpet Museum, Fine Arts, and the National Museum of History. There are also mosques and churches worth seeing, the highlights being Turkmenbashy Ruhy mosque and Ertugrul Gazi mosque.

How To Get To Ashgabat

Described as the city “where Las Vegas meets Pyongyang”, nothing can prepare you for the desert mirage that is Ashgabat…

Cyclists on the Pamir Highway

Now this is probably not for the faint-hearted. Properly known as the M41, the highway connects Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan via the towering Pamir Mountains. It’s the second highest highway in the world, and it’s an epic road trip – if you dare!

The highway attracts pedal and motorcyclists, and drivers, looking for a unique adventure. For much of its length the road is mostly a rough track, but there are also ruins of ancient forts that once guarded the Silk Road trading routes.

The area is unstable, prone to landslides, earthquakes and rock falls – and it goes very close to the Afghan border. The ride is extreme and it’s challenging, but you see the most spectacular mountains, raging rivers and breathtakingly beautiful lakes.

Visiting The Pamir Highway & Mountains

Known locally as “the roof of the world,” the Pamir Mountains dominate with their superlatives…

Poi Kalan in Bukhara

Don’t count on seeing either of these two striking cities in a day. The history that’s waiting for you in both the ancient centres will blow you away.

Bukhara was one of the major trading posts on the Silk Road and although it has been rebuilt and restored there are many unmissable key sites, too many to list here. It’s easier simply to quote UNESCO’s view: “…the centre is unquestionably of outstanding significance as an exceptional example of a largely medieval Muslim city.”

A big bonus is that it’s easy to get to – it’s on a high-speed train line from Samarkand and Tashkent.

Khiva can be overlooked because of its distance from Bukhara, but that would be such a mistake. It too has an abundance of cultural and historical sites to visit – the old town itself has more than 50 monuments. The city is more than a thousand years old, and its inner walled town was the first site in Uzbekistan to be placed on the UNESCO world heritage list.

Visiting Bukhara And Khiva

Bukhara, sited on the remains of a Buddhist monastery, was to become one of Islam’s most important places during the Middle Ages…

Historical Uzbekistan

Where and how to see uzbekistan's historical cities, about the author.

Steven is the creator and editor of Caravanistan , an online travel guide to the Silk Road that was described by the Lonely Planet as a "peerless online travel guide to the region". He has been travelling the region since 2010, and has dedicated himself to improving tourism on the Silk Road, both for travellers and locals.

Featured tours

Highlights of Tajikistan

Experience the cultural and natural highlights of tajikistan.

Best of Kyrgyzstan & Uzbekistan

Follow the footsteps of the kyrgyz nomads and ancient silk road traders.

Best of Kyrgyzstan

Experience the cultural and natural highlights of kyrgyzstan.

Other guides you might like

The five stans, the great wall of china, the great wall's best and less crowded sections.

Megan Eaves

The terracotta warriors, visiting the terracotta army and beyond in xi'an, historical rajasthan, the historical sites of rajasthan, india's 'land of kings'.

Lakshmi Sharath

Petra and beyond, how to explore jordan's archaeological highlights.

Lauren Keith

Historical peru, how to visit peru's famous ruins and hidden gems.

Heather Jasper

Maya mexico, an essential guide to visiting mexico's maya archeological sites.

Susannah Rigg

Trekking in bhutan, an expert guide to the best treks in bhutan.

Bradley Mayhew

Featured tours view all.

Why Horizon Guides?

Impartial travel guides

Our guides are written by the leading experts in their destinations. We never take payment for positive coverage so you can count on us for impartial travel advice.

Expert itineraries

Suggested itineraries and routes to help you scratch beneath the surface, avoid the tourist traps, and plan an authentic, responsible and enjoyable journey.

Specialist advice

Get friendly, expert travel advice and custom itineraries from some of the world's best tour operators, with no spam, pressure or commitment to book.

Our guides are 100% impartial and are written by independent, professional travel journalists. We make money by charging carefully-screened travel companies to list their business on our website. Our advertisers have no influence on our editorial content and we never accept payment for positive coverage.

Read more about how we work and what we believe in here .

• Travel guides
• Work with us

Sitemap , Privacy Copyright © 2024 Horizon Guides

Five countries make up the region of Central Asia, and collectively they’re known as the ‘Stans: Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan. Each has their own distinct character, yet the warm and friendly welcome you’ll receive in any of them transcends borders. Travelers with plenty of time on their hands will want to visit all five, but if you’re forced to choose, which ‘Stan is right for you? We’ve compiled a list of what each country has to offer to help you plan your next trip.

Best for Culture Vultures: Uzbekistan

A combination of culture, architecture, and history place Uzbekistan high on many travelers’ wish lists. The UNESCO trio sites of Samarkand, Bukhara, and Khiva — important cities on the former Silk Road — can be squeezed into a week away, making this the ideal introduction to Central Asia.

As you stroll through Samarkand’s Registan, the cavernous central square that once housed a crowded bazaar, it’s not hard to imagine the scents, sounds, and sights of the past. From there, hop on the Afrosiyob high-speed train to the holy city of Bukhara. Crammed into this old town are more than 140 protected ancient buildings, some of which date from the 5th century. Khiva also offers plenty of sites and monuments to delight history buffs. Mud walls still enclose the Ichon-Qala, a medieval city packed with heritage sites. For a truly breathtaking experience, climb the stairs by the North Gate to watch the setting sun over its mosques, madrassas, and mausoleums.

Best for Getting to Know the Locals: Kyrgyzstan

Community-based tourism drives the economy in Kyrgyzstan, and there are many ways to experience the customs and traditions that make it such a fascinating destination. From felt-making to eagle-hunting to rolling out borsook (a delicious fried dough), locals will show tourists techniques that have passed down from generation to generation, and participation is actively encouraged. End at least one night in a typical yurt, a felt tent found throughout Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan is still a nation of nomads, so plan a farm stay to get some of the best views in the country.

Best for Scenic Hikes: Tajikistan

As with neighboring Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan’s breathtaking mountain scenery makes this the ideal choice if you’re the outdoorsy type. Rivers cut deep clefts in the landscape, while remote lakes add pops of emerald green and turquoise, making for great photo opps. The Fann Mountains sit conveniently close to the capital city of Dushanbe, where you can spot their snow-capped peaks soaring to over 16,000 feet.

Hikers of all abilities will delight in exploring on foot. Flower-strewn pastures provide short, gentle walks if you’re in a hurry; if you want to invest the time in multi-day hikes, you will be rewarded with some of the best scenery in the region as you traverse high altitude passes and call in at isolated hamlets. Across the country, the Pamir Mountains are home to yak-herders and sheep farmers whose way of life has changed little over the centuries. A word of caution for those looking to drive the Pamir Highway: it is challenging even for adventurous travelers. You’ll need a robust 4x4 to tackle its potholes and corrugated surfaces, but memories made on this iconic route will last a lifetime.

Best for Bragging Rights: Turkmenistan

Enigmatic Turkmenistan is the least visited of the ‘Stans, a country characterized by inhospitable desert punctuated by scattered, verdant oases. Part of that’s political — visas are harder to come by than for the other four nations — but those who persevere are rewarded with one of the most unique sights on the planet.

Seek out the Darvaza crater, nicknamed the Gate of Hell, which has been alight for four decades. In 1971, Soviet geologists set light to natural gas emanating from a cavern in the Karakum desert and it’s been burning ever since. The country also has three UNESCO World Heritage sites. Explore the city Merv, which was dubbed “Queen of the World” in its heyday, one of the great cities of the Islamic world. Today, Merv is an atmospheric ruin, and its battered fortresses, streets and mausoleums are all that’s left of its 4,000 years of history. Similarly, the once proud ancient city of Konya-Urgench is now a rural backwater. Visit its surviving minarets, mausoleums, and elaborately decorated monuments that are testament to the exceptionally skilled architects and craftsmen who built them. The newest of the three to be inscribed is found at Nisa, close to the present day capital Ashgabat. The Parthian fortresses date back to 1000 B.C. and protected an important trading center.

Best for Modern Architecture: Kazakhstan

Zany architecture is more likely to entice visitors to the capital of Central Asia’s largest country, Kazakhstan. Abundant oil reserves have provided the funds for rapid development, particularly in the futuristic capital city Nur-Sultan, formerly Astana. Architects have been given free rein, sometimes resulting in quirky, even bizarre, designs. Some unkindly refer to the Palace of the Arts as the dog bowl, to Bayterek Tower as the golden lollipop, and the Golden Towers as the beer cans. The Metropolitan Circus arts venue resembles an alien spaceship, and the Khan Shatyr mall could easily double as a circus tent. In comparison, the prosperous former capital Almaty, the largest city in the country, remains Kazakhstan’s financial and commercial center. Its mid 20th century Modernist buildings are a reminder of the nation’s stint as a Soviet Socialist Republic. Many buildings boast mosaics and murals once intended to inspire and motivate its citizens to work for collective goals. Others, such as the emblematic Wedding Palace, feature motifs that depict local traditions and costumes. When you’re done sightseeing, unwind at the Arasan Baths. Sprawling across an entire city block, this venue hides a Finnish sauna, Turkish steam bath, Moroccan hammam, and Russian banya under its whitewashed domes and fabulous ceilings.

Main photo by AlexandrKuznetsov /Shutterstock.

Enjoy this article? Share it with a friend

5 Dark Sky Parks to Visit This Year

10 Things That Will Make You Want to Visit Alaska This Year

Incredible Destinations Featured in This Year's Oscar-Nominated Films

10 Hotels With the Best Views in the World

Best Tips and complete Packing List for Traveling in Central Asia in 2024 – When to go and what to wear when visiting Central Asia

Here’s the complete packing list for trekking and traveling in Central Asia , including info on when to visit Central Asia, essential travel documents and visas for Central Asia, what to wear in Central Asia, what to pack for trekking and backpacking in Central Asia and much much more!

For the past 5 years, I’ve been traveling in Central Asia extensively. From crossing the Caspian Sea , driving in the steppes of Kazakhstan and visiting the Silk Road cities in Uzbekistan to hiking the rugged and wild mountains of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan . The only country in Central Asia that I haven’t visited yet is Turkmenistan.

During that time, I’ve also done a lot of horse riding, (multi-day) trekkings and day hikes in the 4 countries and it’s been an absolutely incredible experience!

I often felt like I was the only person in the world while traveling and hiking through those remote and majestic landscapes. During my time there, I realized how important it is to prepare yourself well before traveling in Central Asia as the region is geologically very diverse – from vast deserts and grassy steppes to lush valleys and rugged mountaints, often at +3000 meters high elevations.

You need to know when to travel to which countries and regions in Central Asia as many places are hard to visit and even inaccessible due to the weather. It’s also important to know what to wear in each country out of respect for the local culture and religion, especially when visiting rural villages.

Central Asia is also a fantastic trekking destination! With the Tian Shan, Alay, Pamir and Urul Mountains, Central Asia is home to some of the highest mountain ranges and some of the most beautiful hiking trails in the world. If you like going off-the-beaten-track, then Central Asia won’t disappoint!

You’ll often find yourself completely isolated when hiking the majestic and wild mountains so it’s crucial that you have the right trekking gear with you and that you pack wisely.

To make sure you’re prepared for any type of travel in Central Asia – whether it’s visiting its stunning Silk Road cities, backpacking through its small villages, going on adventurous road or horseback riding trips to see countless alpine lakes or hiking its many mountain trails – I created a list of everything you need to pack and keep in mind when traveling in Central Asia! Note: the only Central Asian country that I’m not covering in this guide is Turkmenistan.

Would you like to go on an unforgettable adventure in Central Asia? Have a look at my Adventure Tours in Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan !

Disclaimer: This posts might contain affiliate links, meaning that if you make a purchase through these links, I may earn an affiliate commission. Thank you for helping to support this website!

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Important things to know for traveling in Central Asia

Below I’ve written some very useful information on when, how and what to visit when planning a trip to Central Asia. This is also important to know what to pack for your trip.

Note: I’m only covering Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan as I haven’t been to Turkmenistan yet (it’s a country where you can’t travel independently to, only by organized tour).

For detailed info about traveling in one of the 4 countries, I highly recommend you read my following comprehensive travel guides:

• The Ultimate Travel Guide to Kazakhstan: 18 things to know before you go
• The Ultimate Travel Guide to Kyrgyzstan: 20 things to know before you go
• The Ultimate Travel Guide to Uzbekistan: 18 things to know before you go
• The Ultimate Travel Guide to Tajikistan: 18 things to know before you go

1.1 What is the best country to visit in Central Asia

Travelers often ask me what is the best and most beautiful country to visit in Central Asia. It really depends on what you like to see and do as each Central Asian country has its own beauty and special features.

If you’re an outdoor lover who mainly wants to explore nature and/or go trekking in remote mountains, I’d suggest Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan . If you prefer city trips, stunning architecture, Silk Road heritage and easy travel, I’d recommend Uzbekistan . If you want to visit modern cities and unusual natural wonders, I’d propose Kazakhstan .

Here’s a brief overview of each Central Asian country with its most important features to make it easier for you to decide which destination will suit your travel needs and wishes most.

Kyrgyzystan travel is great for:

• nomadic culture and yurt stay
• wild nature: canyons, alpine lakes, lush valleys and snow-capped mountains
• hiking, trekking and horse riding in remote destinations, often at high-altitude (+3000 meters)
• 4×4 travel
• challenging to travel independently as most of its highlights can’t be reached by public transport
• guesthouses, homestays, tourist yurt camps and shepherd yurt stays

The 25 most beautiful places to visit in Kyrgyzstan

Uzbekistan travel is great for:

• Silk Road history, culture, and stunning architecture
• semi-wild nature: deserts, steppes and mountains mainly below 3000 meters
• train travel
• easy to travel independently between the Silk Road cities
• boutique hotels, guesthouses, homestays and tourist yurt camps

The 26 most beautiful and best places to visit in Uzbekistan

Tajikistan travel is great for:

• Pamir Highway road trip and remote village-life
• wild nature: alpine lakes and rugged snow-capped mountains
• hiking and trekking in remote destinations at high-altitude (+3000 meters)
• guesthouses and homestays

The Complete Tajikistan Travel Guide: 18 things you need to know before you go

Kazakhstan travel is great for:

• a mix of Silk Road Heritage, Soviet Architecture, modern cities and unusual natural sites
• city trips and day hikes
• semi-easy to travel independently
• hotels, guesthouses, homestays and tourist yurt camps

The 26 most beautiful and interesting places to visit in Kazakhstan

1.2 When is the best time to visit Central Asia

The best time to visit Central Asia depends on where you want to go and what you want to visit and do.

Generally, Central Asia has a continental climate with hot summers, cold winters and wet shoulder seasons. The mountainous regions are at high altitudes of above 3000 meters, with short and cool summers and freezing cold winters. Most cities and villages are located at altitudes below 1000 meters, with scorchingly hot summers and cool winters. The shoulder seasons are usually rainy and cool.

Each season has its own charm so below is a brief overview of each season and the best time for specific activities and places to visit in Central Asia.

Visiting Central Asia in summer (June – September)

Summer is the best time for visiting the mountain regions in Central Asia. Most of the snow has melted and all mountain passes, also the ones above 3000 meter altitude, are accessible.

Summer is the high season for all countries in Central Asia, with the exception of Uzbekistan. High-season doesn’t mean that the places of interest will be very crowed. You’ll meet more travelers than during the other seasons but in most places, you’ll still find yourself with only small groups of other people or even totally alone.

In the mountains, depending on the altitude, the average temperatures during the day vary between 10°C (50°f) and 25°C (77°f). At night, the temperatures vary between 5°C and – 5°C (41°f or 23°f).

However, the weather in the mountains can change in the blink of an eye. It might be hot and sunny in the morning but you could end up in a cloudburst or small snowstorm in the afternoon. It’s not unusual to experience the 4 seasons in one day in the Central Asian mountains!

Summer in the cities and low-elevated regions are very dry and hot, with average temperatures of 35°C (95°F). It’s not unusal that the temperature goes up to 45°C (113°F) in the steppes and desert.

Therefore, summer is the best time for trekking in the mountains and traveling to the following destinations in Central Asia:

☞ Kyrgyzstan : all hiking trails are open and all alpine lakes are accessible. Summer is also the season when the semi-nomads head into the valleys with their lifestock and set up their yurt camps. All places in Kyrgyzstan can be visited during summer, making it high-season in the country.

☞ Tajikistan : the Pamir Highway is fully accessible and all hiking trails are open. All places in Tajikistan can be visited during summer, making it high-season in the country.

☞ Kazakhstan: all mountainous regions in Kazakhstan are accessible. The cities, desert and steppes should be avoided if you don’t deal well with heat.

☞ Uzbekistan : with the exception of the Chimgan Mountains , all places of interest in Uzbekistan will be scorching hot.

Traveling in Central Asia in spring and autumn (March – May and October – November)

The shoulder seasons spring and autumn are also a great time to visit Central Asia. While the highest mountainous regions (above 3000 meters) might not be accessible due to snowfall, there are still a lot of places that can be visited.

With the exception of Uzbekistan, spring and autumn are less croweded (not that it gets very crowded in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan anyways…).

However, spring and autumn are not a good time for trekking in the mountains in Central Asia. Most hiking trails and mountain passes are closed and it will still/already be freezing cold at higher altitudes. Spring is also the season during which avalanches occur so you should not head out into the mountains by yourself!

Spring and autumn is a great time for traveling to the following destinations in Central Asia:

☞ Uzbekistan : the shoulder seasons are the best time to visit all the highlights in Uzbekistan : from the Silk Road cities to the Kyzyl Kum desert. It’s also the perfect weather to go hiking in the mountains in Uzbekistan . The temperatures are pleasant and you won’t encounter much rain. May and September are high-season in Uzbekistan so you’ll encounter lots of crowds in the cities.

☞ Kyrgyzstan : while a lot of hiking trails and alpine lakes won’t be accessible, there are still beautiful places to visit and great hikes to go on during the shoulder seasons in Kyrgyzstan . The semi-nomadic yurt camps won’t be around but you can still stay in one of the tourist yurt camps, especially the ones around Issyk Kul lake .

9 places to visit in Kyrgyzstan in spring and fall, including best hikes

☞ Tajikistan : similar as Kyrgyzstan. The Pamir Highway will be mainly inaccessible and the hiking trails in the Pamir Mountain Range will be closed. You can still go hiking in the Fann Mountains , although you’ll need to check beforehand which trails are open and where you need to watch out for avalanches.

☞ Kazakhstan : except for the mountainous regions, you can visit all places in Kazakhstan. You can still visit the southeastern region of Almay and go hiking in the mountains near Almaty (although, be careful there for avalanches in spring!).

Visiting Central Asia in winter (November – February)

Most of Central Asia will be covered in snow. If the cold doesn’t scare you and you love winter activities, then you’ll enjoy traveling in Central Asia in winter! Not only is the scenery a magical winter wonderland, there will be almost no other travelers and you can go skiing and snowboarding in truly off-the-beaten-path ski resorts!

Winter is a great time for traveling to the following destinations in Central Asia:

☞ Uzbekistan: if you dress warmly and you don’t mind grey skies, you’ll have a good time visiting the Silk Road cities in Uzbekistan. You can also go skiing in the Chimgan Mountains.

☞ Kyrgyzstan : the country has some of the best ski-resorts , offering possibilities for first-time skiers and free riders. There are also plenty of winter activities around Issyk Kul lake and in Karakol and Jyrgalan .

6 reasons why you should visit Kyrgyzstan in winter

☞ Kazakhstan : similar to Kyrgyzstan. It will be cold but the country has some great ski-resorts – and the highest ice-skating rink in the world!

☞ Tajikistan : not the best time to visit the country as you won’t be able to visit its highlights such as the Pamir Highway and the Fann Mountains. The main cities will be possible to visit but they are – in my opinion – not worth a winter trip to Tajikistan.

Are you looking for a  customized guided tour  in Kyrgyzstan and/or other countries  in Central Asia ? Do you need help  planning your itinerary ?

Have a look at my   C e n t r a l   A s i a  tour and itinerary planning services !

1.3 Is it safe to travel to Central Asia

I can honestly say it’s safe to travel to Central Asia. I dislike how most websites from the Departments of Foreign Affairs advise against traveling to the Central Asian countries as it’s supposedly dangerous and how there’s a chance for terrorist attacks and kidnapping…

Terrorist attacks can happen everywhere, even in Europe! Remember what happened in Paris and in Brussels a few years ago…And yes, the Central Asian people might kidnap you into their homes and force-feed you. But you’re free to leave whenever you’ve finished your plate (and shared some glasses of vodka…).

One of the main concerns in Central Asia is that political instability at the border regions between the countries is not uncommon, particularly in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. If you’re planning to travel to any of the rural border areas, you should check the situation in advance.

Additionally, you should watch out for petty crime, such as pickpocketing and theft in larger cities and tourist areas. I never experienced or heard any stories of stolen belongings but it’s good to be aware of it, especially at busy markets.

The biggest thieves, however, are taxi drivers who tend to higher their prices when they see you’re a tourist. Inform yourself about taxi rates beforehand and don’t be afraid to bargain or walk away if you have the feeling they’re ripping you off.

If you’re planning to go trekking in the mountains, you should be aware of the potential for natural disasters such as earthquakes and avalanches. Read my safety tips for trekking further below in What to pack for hiking in the mountains in Central Asia.

I suggest you read the following safety guides and tips:

• Uzbekistan Safety Guide: 14 useful tips
• Kazakhstan Safety Guide: 15 useful tips
• Kyrgyzstan Safety Guide: 15 useful tips

2. Central Asia Travel Essentials

No matter where and when you go and what you plan to visit and do in Central Asia, here’s what you definitely need to bring on your trip to Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikstan.

Travel Documents

☑ P assport : your passport needs to be valid for at least 6 months when entering any of the 4 countries.

☑ Visa: The visa requirements for the 4 countries have become very easy in the last few years. A lot of nations are now eligible for visa-free travel or can apply for an e-visa without needing to go to an embassy. In case you need visa support, I recommend the services of iVisa . Always bring a printed version of the e-visa . Here are the resources to check if and what type of visa you need:

• Kyrgyzstan Visa Requirements
• Kazakhstan Visa Requirements
• Uzbekistan Visa Requirements
• Tajikistan Visa Requirements

☑ T ravel Insurance : this isn’t mandatory to visit any of the 4 countries but I strongly advise to get coverage. You just don’t never know when you may need it! You should get cover for theft, illness and activities when traveling at high altitudes. If you don’t have travel insurance yet, I highly recommend  HeyMondo  as it covers medical costs, theft and activities at high altitudes.

What are the 3 best budget-friendly travel insurance companies

It is generally a good idea to have paper and electronic copies of all important documents such as your passport, visas, tickets and insurance.

Need Travel Insurance for Central Asia? I use and highly recommend HeyMondo Travel Insurance . As a reader of Journal of Nomads, you get a 5% discount of your insurance plan!

It will be hard to exchange money in advance as most (western) countries won’t have the currencies of Central Asia available at the banks.

☑ USD Dollars: widely accepted in any of the countries and easy to exchange at any of the local banks or exchange offices (make sure your bills are crisp and clean or they might give you a lower rate!). It might also be cheaper to exchange USD (or EURO) instead of using an ATM, depending on your withdrawal fees.

☑ Visa or Mastercard: while cash is still king in Central Asia, you can nowadays pay by credit card at most restaurants and hotels in the major cities. However, withdraw local currency at the ATMs before going to rural areas as you won’t be able to find ATMs or pay by card there.

• How much does it cost to travel in Uzbekistan
• How much does it cost to travel in Kyrgyzstan

☑ Moneybelt : as western people, we’re nowadays so used to pay cashless and not carry around much money so you might feel more comfortable with having a moneybelt to travel safely with cash and important documents.

Suitcase or backpack?

If you’re only planning on doing city trips in Central Asia, then you can bring a suitcase or trolley on your trip. However, if you want to visit Central Asia’s stunning nature, go hiking and trekking – even with an organised tour – and/or you’re planning a yurt stay, you better bring a backpack.

There are often no solid roads when visiting a yurt camp, let alone if you’d go hiking. You might have a hard time carrying your suitcase around, even if it’s a trolley (the terrain will be rough on its little wheels).

If you’d go on an organised trekking tour, porters, horses or donkeys are usually included in this trek to carry your luggage in special bags. These bags are suitable for a large backpack but not for suitcases.

☑ Large backpack (50L – 70L): You need a light but strong backpack that is capable of carrying weight but still sits comfortably on your back. Ideally, the backpack is made out of waterproof material. The zippers need to be big and strong and the material very durable. If you want to have an example, here’s a large backpack I recommend for him and one I recommend for her .

☑ Small daypack (20L – 30L): Whether you go city touring, day hiking or horse riding, bring a small and comfortable daypack to carry snacks, water and other essentials you need during the day.

☑ Waterproof cover for your backpack(s ) : This is an essential when traveling in Central Asia during spring, autumn or winter. You should also have a rainproof cover when going on a (day) hike or horseback trip in the mountains in summer. The weather can be very unpredictable and you need to be prepared. Nothing sucks like having a wet backpack and all of your belongings soaking wet! If you backpack doesn’t have one, you should get an additional waterproof cover .

First aid travel kit

You should always bring a compact first aid kit with personal medication on any of your trips. Here’s what you definitely should bring along in your kit:

☑ Anti-diarrheal medicine : yes, I’m afraid that this is an essential… 80% of the travelers I’ve met struggle at some point with stomach issues in Central Asia, due to a certain bacteria in the food. I always have Furazolidone tablets (which you can buy over the counter at a local pharmacy) as it has proven its worth. These tablets tackle the bacteria causing bowel problems within a day.

☑ Paracetamol: always handy to have along for any aches or pains. It’s also useful to take it during your first days at high altitude, in case you experience some headache.

☑ Altitude sickness pills : Please seek medical advice first. If you’re planning on traveling to the mountains, especially when visiting Kyrgyzstan and/or Tajikistan, you’ll often find yourself at altitudes higher than 3000m. If you’re sensitive to high altitudes, Diamox could help you.

☑ Motion sickness pills: The mountain roads in Central Asia are extremely scenic but can be rough, windy and bumpy. If you’re prone to motion sickness, you should definitely bring them along.

☑ Here’s a great compact first aid kit specially made for traveling and outdoor adventures.

Aside from the usual toiletries such as toothbrush, toothpaste, shampoo and soap, you should also bring the following, especially when traveling to rural villages or planning a yurt stay:

☑ Biodegradable toilet-paper : With the exception of the major cities and tourist hotels, most toilets you’ll encounter will be squatting toilets ( train those upper leg muscles, ladies! ). Some squat toilets have toilet paper but of the rough type, some don’t have toilet paper at all. So it’s a must to bring your own toilet paper, preferably the compostable one , to stay eco-friendly. Also a must if you go hiking (toilets are non-existent in the mountains…).

☑ H and sanitizer : I always carry a small bottle of hand sanitizer with me in case there’s no water source nearby when I want to clean my hands after going to the toilet or touching something suspicious.

☑ B iodegradable wet wipes : some homestays and most yurt camps don’t have hot showers (except for the fancy tourist yurt camps and even then it’s not always certain you’ll have hot water. That’s why I always carry biodegradable wet wipes to freshen myself up until I’m back at a hot water source.

☑ Travel towel:  a microfibre towel  the perfect travel towel as it’s small, light-weight and  dries quickly. 

☑ Biodegradable shampoo and body wash : I often spent multiple-days at a yurt camp in Kyrgyzstan, traveling through remote areas or hiking in the mountains without finding a hot shower. Whenever I came across a river or lake, I like to freshen myself up so I use biodegradable shampoo and bodywash to be kind to the environment.

☑ Sun block and lip balm: It’s important to bring good sunscreen with you, even if it’s not very hot. The sun is very strong in Central Asia, especially when you’re heading into the mountains as the impact of the sun is more intense as the air gets thinner. I recommend bringing SPF 30-50 , even if you’re only doing city trips. Don’t buy sunscreen in small local grocery or corner shops as it’s often not good quality or even can be fake. If you forgot to bring some, then buy it in a large supermarket in the city. When hiking at high altitdue, a lot of people struggle with sore lips so bring protective lip balm too.

☑ For women: it’s not much fun having your period when traveling but we have to deal with it. A lot of female travelers recommend a menstrual cup. Although I’ve used one in the past and I’ve been happy with it, it’s been messy when traveling in Central Asia, unless you have a menstrual cup with a travel cleaning system . Most squatting toilets don’t have a nearby water source (and you don’t want to waste your drinking water). I prefer to take tampons with me and I collect them in a small bag when hiking, which I dispose of once I’m back in civilization.

Water bottle and filter system

I strongly advise not to drink tap water in Central Asia! Buy bottled water in the local supermarkets or better, bring a reusable water bottle to reduce the use of plastic. A reusable water bottle will also come in very handy when hiking in the mountains as you can often refill your bottle with fresh spring water instead of carrying liters of water on your bag. However: use a steripen or filter – see my explanation below.

☑ water bottle with a filter system : these are reusable bottles that filter water using a microfiltration device. When you drink tap water or even mountain spring water using a water bottle with a filter, any dirt, bacteria or parasites will be trapped in the fibers of the filter, while the clean water passes through. It’s not only good for your belly and wallet, but it’s also great for the environment because you don’t have to buy any plastic bottles of water. I often used and highly recommend the  Lifestraw Water Filter Bottle . 

☑ filter or steripen : if you already have a reusable water bottle, you don’t need to buy a new one, of course. I nowadays use a steripen ,  a compact and lightweight device which uses ultraviolet light to sterilize water. I never encountered any stomach problems while using it (and I’ve been drinking a lot of spring water in the mountains!). You can also buy a seperate Lifestraw Filter .

Electronics & camera gear

☑ Travel adaptor : the power sockets in Central Asia are of type C and F (the same as in Europe). The standard voltage is 220 V and the standard frequency is 50 Hz. In case you need an adaptor, I use and recommend this  all-in-one Universal Travel Adaptor  as you can use it worldwide.

☑ Portable charger : a portable charge is handy to have in case of a power outage (which sometimes happens, even in the major Central Asia cities), during long bus or train rides, or if you’re planning a yurt stay (no electricity there) or camping. I use and recommend the  Anker Powercore  as it has a 26,800mAh cell capacity providing at least 5 full charges for my phone. I can even charge my camera batteries with it!

☑ Camera gear : If you’re a professional and/or passionate photographer, you can’t visit Central Asia without capturing its beauty on camera! Below is an overview of the gear I use. You can also read my Photography essentials guide  for more information and a detailed overview:

• Camera: Panasonic LUMIX DC-90
• Main lens: Panasonic Lumix G Vario 14-140mm f/3.5-5.6
• Wide-angle lens for landscapes and architecture: Leica DG Vario-ELMARIT 8-18mm f/2.8-4.0
• Prime lens for portraits: Leica DG Summilux 15mm f/1.7
• Tripod: Manfrotto Compact Action Tripod (Hybrid Head)

What is in my camera bag – Photography essentials and travel cameras

☑ Drone: Drones are allowed in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan. You can fly them everywhere, except near airports, border areas, military, and governmental buildings, and urban centers. Drones are strictly prohibited in Uzbekistan. If you would try to bring one in, it will get confiscated and you might spend your holiday in prison instead of in its stunning cities…

What are the 6 best drones for travel photography and videography

Other travel essentials

☑ Swimsuit: this applies the most for Kyrgyzstan where you can swim in the alpine lakes (if you can handle temperatures of around 5°C) and hot water pools.

☑ Head light : handy during power outages in the city but definitely an essential when going on a camping trip in the mountains or staying at a yurt camp. The tourist yurt camps run on generators which don’t always function very well. A yurt camp run by local families often don’t have (much) electricity so a head light will come in handy to find your way to the outdoor toilets at night.

☑ Ear plugs : very useful if you’re sensitive to noise. I get quickly auditory overstimulation, especially when traveling by public transport in Central Asia where locals don’t use earplugs to watch YouTube videos or have loud phone conversations. They can also come in handy during a yurt stay: yurts are like tents so any outside noises are easily heard (snoring of other travelers, barking dogs, munching cows and horses,…). Ear plugs will help you get a quiet night of sleep.

☑ Travel Guides: The Lonely Planet for Central Asia and the Bradt Travel Guides for Central Asia are good but most were published before 2020 and lots has changed since then. The Lonely Planet Central Asia Phrasebook is also a handy book to have.

☑ Open mind and good attitude: you’re in a foreign country with a different culture and habits so things often don’t go the way you’re used to. The best way to deal with getting out of your comfort zone: have an open mind, be respectful towards different cultures and people, and embrace the new experiences!

Useful Travel Apps for Central Asia

☑ Maps.me : This is one of the most practical apps you could use to navigate in Central Asia. You download the map of the country so you can use it offline. It gives you very accurate directions (Google maps gets lost in Central Asia…) and shows you where you can find the nearest restaurants, bus stations, ATM, hotels, places with wi-fi, points of interest, etc. This is also a great app to use while hiking as it shows most of the trails.

☑ Wikiroutes : a handy app if you travel by public transportation. It shows you the bus and/or metro route and tells you where to hop on and off. 

☑ Google Translate :  Translates written and spoken Russian, Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz or Tajik. Only Russian is available to download for offline usage.

☑ Booking.com :  You’ll need internet to use this app but it’s a great tool to find (last-minute) accommodation throughout Central Asia.

☑ Y andex Go Taxi :  Yandex is the Central Asian version of Uber. I use this app to get around the major cities in Central Asia by taxi without having to bargain for the price and/or getting ripped off by a taxi driver.

☑ Xe currency :  very handy to check exchange rates, also works offline.

3. What to wear in Central Asia cities and villages

All of the capitals of Central Asia are located below 1000 meters, which means that the weather will be very hot in the summer (averagely 35°C/ 95°F), cool and rainy in spring and autumn (averagely 15°C/ 59°F) and cold and snowy in winter (averagely -10°C/ 14°F). Pack appropriate clothing for the season in which you’re traveling.

While you’ll see young girls and women walking around in short skirts, dresses, and shorts in the capitals of Central Asia during summer, most of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan and especially its rural areas and villages are conservative.

You’ll see many women wearing beautiful colored scarves tied around their heads. This is a cultural thing so female travelers don’t need to worry about covering their hair.

It’s okay to wear shorts, dresses, skirts and tops or T-shirts with short sleeves in the capital cities or tourist places like the Silk Road cities in Uzbekistan but it’s disrespectful to parade around in revealing mini-skirts, dresses and crop tops. If you’re an influencer who wants a nice photo for Instagram, please remain respectful for the culture.

If you like to explore less-touristic places like small towns and villages, dress modestly. Wear a T-shirt or a tunic over long trousers or a long skirt. Knee-lenght shorts or skirts are also fine, just don’t walk around the village in a vest top and short shorts/skirts. If you visit mosques and religious sites, even in touristic cities, cover up your shoulders.

What to wear in Central Asia as male traveler

☑ T-shirts, long-sleeved shirts, button-up shirts , sweater

☑ Knee-length shorts, long trousers

☑ Comfortable sneakers, sandals

What to wear in Central Asia as female traveler

☑ Loose-fitting tops and T-shirts (don’t show cleavage or belly buttons), loose-fitting long-sleeved shirts , blouses or sweater

☑ Knee-length shorts, dresses and/or skirts, long loose-fitting trousers, maxi dresses or skirt

☑ Leggings but wear then a long shirt or tunic on top

☑ Scarf (to cover shoulders and/or head at religious sites)

4. What to pack for horse riding, camping and hiking in Central Asia

The weather in the mountains of Central Asia is very unpredictable. You can wake up and start walking with sunny and clear skies but a few hours later, it can rain heavily or even snow. It will also be cooler in the mountains in comparison with the cities. The higher you go, the colder it gets. The average temperatures in summer at altitudes between 2500 meter and 3000 meter is 15°C – 20°C/ 59°F – 68°F during the day and 2°C – 8°C/ 35°F – 46°F at night. You need to be prepared for all types of weather . Pack versatile, think in layers , and aim for functional, comfortable, and fast-drying clothing, suitable for hiking and/or horse riding.

Rain gear Essentials

☑ Rain jacket : bring a lighweight rain jacket that can endure wind and rain. Here’s a waterpoof hiking jacket I recommend for him and for her .

☑ Rain pants : this is also a necessity, especially when horse riding or hiking. If there’s a lot of wind and your hiking pants are wet, you’ll get cold easily. Here are rain pants I recommend for him and for her .

☑ Poncho: a poncho is lightweight and compact and it covers both you and your backpack. However, don’t wear a poncho while horse riding as it scares the horses.

☑ Waterproof gloves : I always bring waterproof gloves along, especially for horse riding. You can’t stuff your hands in your pockets to keep dry and warm while riding. I used to wear my normal gloves on horseback trips but one day they got soaking wet and my hands were hurting from the cold. Since I got waterproof ones , I never had this issue again. These also come in handy when hiking at high altitudes.

☑ Raincover for your backpack : you want to keep your daypack and/or backpack with your sleeping gear dry in the mountains!

☑ Dry bags : put all your electronics, clothes (and sleeping gear when camping) in seperate dry bags in your daypack/ backpack. I once got so soaked during a trek that even my raincover wasn’t sufficient to keep my belongings dry! Luckily I could spent that night at a guesthouse where I was able to dry all of my things but if I had to camp that night, it wouldn’t have been a pleasant experience!

Horse Riding essentials

Aside from a daypack (20L – 30L) with rain cover that fits your water bottle, snacks, sunscreen, lip balm, camera, phone, and rain gear (no poncho!), you’ll need to bring the following along if you plan to go horse riding in Central Asia:

☑ Ankle-high hiking boots : High boots will protect your ankles in the stirrups while horse riding and will give you more protection while hiking on the rough mountainous terrain in case certain parts would be too steep on horseback. Here are good hiking boots for him and for her .

☑ Pair of long pants or leggings (can be hiking pants) : don’t wear shorts or a jeans for horse riding as it will be very uncomfortable! Wear pants that are soft, comfortable and dry fast in case you get rain. Here are riding/hiking pants for him and for her .

☑ T-shirt or long-sleeve shirt

☑ Sweater with zipper: bring a sweater that you can easily take off or put on without losing control of the reins while riding. Also good to bring along in case it’s windy on the mountain passes.

☑ Downjacket: this is a lighweight, comfortable and warm jacket that keeps you warm while horse riding. Here’s a downjacket for him and for her .

☑ Hat and sunglasses : to protect your head and eyes from the sun and ones that don’t fall off easily

☑ Woolen hat, scarf and gloves : for riding on colder days

☑ Padded cycling pants : The saddles in Central Asia are very hard. Padded cycling pants or underwear (for him and for her ) will give you a soft layer to sit more comfortably in the hard saddle. Tip: wear comfortable underwear, no strings or thongs…

☑ Equestrian helmet (optional) . The horse riders in Central Asia don’t use helmets. Some tour companies offer helmets but not all. You can always bring your own to make you feel more safe.

Reading tips for horse riding in Central Asia:

• The best horse riding trips in Kyrgyzstan
• The best horse riding trips in Uzbekistan

Day Hike essentials

Aside from a comfortable day pack (20L – 30L) with rain cover that fits a water bottle, snacks, sunscreen, lip balm, camera, phone, and rain gear, you need to bring the following on a day hike in Central Asia:

☑ Waterproof hiking boots : You’ll need sturdy, ankle-high, waterproof hiking boots, suitable for rough, uneven and steep terrain in the Central Asian Mountains. Make sure your shoes are 1/2 size bigger than your usual size to give your toes and ankles some space while hike up and down steep hills. Coming across river crossings, rain or snow are is very common so make sure your boots are waterproof. Here are my hiking boots recommendations for him and for her .

☑ Hiking socks : I really recommend to get merino wool hiking socks ! They keep your feet dry, they’re not too warm on hot days and they’re just super comfortable! I have 2 pairs of these hiking socks and I’m really happy with them!

☑ Comfortable and fast-drying hiking clothes

☑ Downjacket: this is a lighweight, comfortable and warm jacket that keeps you warm while hiking or when you take a break. Here’s a downjacket for him and for her .

☑ Hat and sunglasses : to protect your head and eyes from the sun

☑ Woolen hat, scarf and gloves : for hiking at high altitude or on cold days

☑ Hiking GPS or offline GPS App : comes in very useful when the path isn’t clear. I recommend using the apps maps.me (download the maps for offline use), Wikiloc or All Trails (you need to pay for offline use). You can connect these apps to the Garmin Foretrex Waterproof Hiking GPS . Check out its features  here .

☑ Hiking poles : very useful when you go hiking in the Central Asian mountains! They don’t only make hiking more comfortable, they also help you maintain balance on slippery surfaces and rough terrain, add more grip when descending a steep hill and act as a probe to give more information about the depth of the snow, puddles and muddy paths. I recommend getting lightweight telescopic trekking poles  so you can easily attach them to your backpack when you don’t need them.

☑ Emergency survival whistle : This might seem like an unusual tool to take with you on a trek. How small it might be, this whistle could save your life when you end up in an emergency situation. Blowing a survival whistle is less tiring than shouting for help in case you got lost or fell, and the noise can be heard from miles away across the mountains. Any shepherds or other hikers who might be in the area will be able to hear you and locate your position by following the noise.

Reading tips for hiking in Central Asia:

• Hiking guide with best day hikes in Kyrgyzstan
• Hiking guide with best day hikes in Uzbekistan
• Hiking guide with best day hikes in Almaty (Kazakhstan)

The Complete Trekking Guide to Kyrgyzstan with the best day hikes and treks

Essential Packing list for Camping & trekking in Central Asia

When it comes to packing for a trek, keep it as light as possible . Remember that you have to carry everything yourself and if you have ever done a 20 km hike that included ascending steep hills, you’ll know that there’s a big difference between hiking with 10kg and 15kg on your back!

Aside from the travel essentials (see 2. Central Asia Travel Essentials above), rain gear and day hiking essentials (see the above lists), here is a list of everything you need when hiking and camping for a few days in the mountains.

Note: You can rent camping and cooking equipment in Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek, Karakol and Osh) and Tajikistan (Dushanbe).

☑ Sandals or light sport shoes: It’s good to carry an extra pair of shoes with you in case your boots get wet. It will also do your feet well to take your shoes off at night and put on some comfortable footwear. Carrying an extra pair of hiking boots takes too much space in your bag but I suggest you pack a pair of sandals or light sneakers. There won’t be any fashion police around to judge if you walk around with socks in your sandals (and it’s soooo comfy!). I recommend  Teva Sandals .

☑ Fleece jacket or sweater : It’s necessary to pack at least one warm sweater for the cold evenings. Unless you’re hiking outside the summer season, you won’t need a big winter jacket but it’s still essential that you’ve got something that will keep you warm in the mountains. A fleece jacket or sweater (for him and for her ) doesn’t take up as much space as a winter jacket but they’re thick enough to protect you from the cold and wind.

☑ Thermal underwear: The last time I went on a trek, I forgot to pack my thermal underwear . I didn’t think I would still need it since it was June. Ooh, how I regretted that!! This type of underwear (ideally made from merinowool ) is lightweight, doesn’t take much space and it really keeps you warm during the day or at night! It’s a must to pack when you’re in the mountains! I recommend thermal leggings for him and for her and long-sleeves for him and for her .

☑ Down socks : Buying down socks has been the best investment for me!! I easily get cold feet at night or while camping. Nothing is worse than trying to sleep and not getting warm feet. These down socks have made my camping life so much more comfortable, highly recommend them!!

☑ Lightweight tent : Having a good tent is very important! It has to shelter both you and your backpack from all the elements. Ideally, you have a lightweight one as some tents can be pretty heavy. Here’s a 2-person lightweight tent I recommend for trekking.

☑ Sleeping bag : You’ll need a lightweight sleeping bag that can keeps you warm at night. Keep in mind that when you’re camping at a higher altitude, the temperatures can go down to 0°C (32°f) or lower, even during summer! My 3-seasons sleeping bag is comfortable until -2°C/ 28°F and is pretty compact to travel with.

☑ Sleeping bag liner : I also have a fleece sleeping bag liner. These don’t take much space, they’re pretty light and they add an extra 10°C of warmth at night. Fleece liners are very affordable and can be a good addition if you want to be extra warm and comfortable at night.

☑ Inflatable sleeping pad : For a very long time, I used to travel with a cheap sleeping pad that you can roll up and easily attach to your backpack. However, those types of pads don’t insulate very well if you have to sleep on a cold surface and they don’t last very long. My back started suffering from the hard and cold surfaces I often slept on so last year, I invested in a Sea-to-Summit Lightweight Sleeping Pad . They’re lightweight to carry, comfortable to lay on and insulate your body well from the cold ground.

☑ Inflatable pillow : I usually put my head on my scarf wrapped around my backpack but it’s not as comfortable as having a lightweight inflatable pillow …

☑ Reusable emergency safety blanket : I’ve been traveling with a Reusable Emergency Safety Blanket ever since I started my overland journey from Ireland to Central Asia and it has proven to be super useful! Not only is it a good blanket to keep me warm in case of extreme weather, I’ve also been using it to insulate the tent from the cold ground. Before I put my sleeping pad in the tent, I always cover the bottom of the tent with this reusable blanket . It has made a big difference during cold nights and it doesn’t take much space!

☑ Swiss army knife: has all the tools you need when hiking and camping.

☑ Camping stove : A small and lightweight camping stove will allow you to cook a nice meal at night and boil some water for tea or coffee. I have a recommend the ultralight Jetboil camping stove , ideal for hiking and backpacking. Tip: bring matches instead of a lighter. Due to the changes in the atmosphere, some lighters won’t work at higher altitudes.

☑ Camping cookware, cutlery, and mug : You’ll need some good cookware to use on your camping stove. I recommend this lightweight cooking set , a spork-knife , collapsible camping bowls that you can use as a plate or a bowl and a lightweight thermal mug .

Reading tips for trekking in Central Asia:

• Hiking in Uzbekistan: 6 hiking best trails
• The 14 best hikes and treks in Kyrgyzstan
• Hiking in the Fann mountains in Tajikistan

What to pack for a Yurt Stay

And last but not least, what do you need to bring when planning a yurt stay in Central Asia?

The yurt camps in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan will be tourist ones as there are barely any nomadic shepherds in both countries. You might still come across nomadic yurt camps in the east of Tajikistan. If you really want to experience a yurt stay with a nomadic shepherd family, then you should head to Kyrgyzstan.

Most yurt camps are located at higher altitudes and while most of them have stoves inside, you should bring warm clothing for the evenings.

The tourist yurt camps have nowadays beds with blankets and pillows. The yurt camps from nomadic shepherds will offer thick floor carpets as mattress and they’ll have blankets and pillows. You don’t need to bring any camping or cooking gear but I’d bring a sleeping bag liner as it’s warm and more hygienic (the blankets don’t get washed on a daily basis).

There might be some sort of electricity at some camps but you should bring your portable charge and headtorch. Some tourist yurt camps have some sort of shower and outdoor sitting toilets, but most don’t. If you pack everything I mention in 2. Central Asia Travel Essentials, then you’re all set for a yurt stay as well.

I hope this guide will be useful for planning your trip to Central Asia. I you amazing adventures and feel free to c ontact me or comment below if you have questions or useful updates/ information to share!

Related Posts

Kyrgyzstan Money Guide: Costs of Living and traveling in Kyrgyzstan in 2024

The best way to get from Tashkent to Osh and from Osh to Tashkent, crossing the Dostyk border (Kyrgyzstan – Uzbekistan)

The Complete Tajikistan Travel Guide – 18 useful things to know to visit Tajikistan in 2024

The Best Uzbekistan Itinerary ideas: What to Visit in one week in Uzbekistan up to 4 weeks?

Uzbekistan Money Guide (2024) – How much does it cost to live and travel in Uzbekistan?

What are the 26 Best Places to visit in Uzbekistan in 2024?

10 thoughts on “best tips and complete packing list for traveling in central asia in 2024 – when to go and what to wear when visiting central asia”.

Hi Lydia, Thank you for all the amazing tips on your website! I am travelling to Kyrgyzstan for one month (August) and was wondering if and where and which kind of stove fuel I can buy. I was also wondering if I need to bring a special adapter for my Electronic devises. Kind regards, Nora

Hi Nora, you can check with RedFox if they have stove fuel there (they sometimes do). The plugs are the same as in Europe so if you’re coming from Europe, no special adapter needed.

Thank you for such a comprehensive blog, Cynthia! I’m living in Armenia right now and planning a 2 week trip to Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan in early June.

I’m planning to go to Kyrgyzstan the first week of June and then Uzbekistan afterward (simply because I’d rather refresh myself with hiking first and explore cities later). But I wanted to ask you if you think there is a notable difference in how rainy it is and what yurt camps are available even between the first and second weeks of June. Just thought I’d ask in case you think it’s worth it to switch the order of things.

Hi Christina,

The yurt camp availability will really depend on the weather (which is unpredictable at this moment in time), but it won’t make much of a difference between the first and second week of June. The chances of rain in June in Kyrgyzstan are high. I hope this helps!

Hey! I loved reading your blog 🙂 My boyfriend and I are going to Kyrgyzstan in August this year and are really looking forward to it! We’re doing the Ak-suu traverse and were wondering where you left your food while camping? (since you don’t wanna leave it in your tent in remote areas)

Hi Jill, I’m happy to hear you’re going to Kyrgyzstan! You’ll fall in love with the country 🙂 We usually hang our food in a tree in a closed bag so animals can’t reach it. If we’re camping at high altitudes above the tree line, we keep our food in a closed bag in or near our tent (at these altitudes, we usually don’t encounter many wild animals that are after our food 🙂 ).

Have a great time hiking and camping in Kyrgyzstan!

These maps are still not available for sale online! Very frustrating in 2019! It shouldn’t be difficult to have them available for sale.

Any idea where I can buy them before I travel?

Hi Jake, sorry to hear that. I’ll check today with a local friend how come they’re still not available. But one thing I know is that things in Kyrgyzstan take time 😉 I don’t think you can get them anywhere else online before you travel. In Kyrgyzstan, you should be able to buy these maps at the DMO offices of each region. Wishing you a great trip to Kyrgyzstan!

I couldn’t have found a better and more useful guide for packing and trekking Kyrgyzstan, Cynthia! As trekking in Kyrgyzstan is on my bucket list for a while now, I found your post very inspiring. When’s the best time of the year for hiking in Kyrgyzstan?

Thank you Lydia, I’m so glad to hear this! You will love hiking in Kyrgyzstan! It’s one of the few countries with such untouched nature. I’d say that the best time for hiking would be between June and September. All the mountain passes are open, it won’t get too cold to camp and you’ll come across many nomadic camps, which is already a reason on its own to hike in Kyrgyzstan 🙂 I’m currently working on a trekking guide with an overview of the treks in Kyrgyzstan, which I hope will be online within the next 4 weeks 🙂 if you would have any questions, feel free to send me an email!

Leave a Comment Cancel Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

National Geographic content straight to your inbox—sign up for our popular newsletters here

Horses roam in front of Kyrgyzstan's Tash Rabat, an ancient monastery converted into a Silk Road inn.

5 Underrated Destinations in Central Asia

On the crossroads of East and West, the Silk Road region holds hidden gems.

Despite their rich cultures and diverse landscapes, the countries of Central Asia are often stereotypically grouped together as the “stans,” or overlooked and ignored altogether.

But the region is home to countless sites justly famous for their natural beauty, unique histories, and long-held traditions. Here are five spots that deserve a place on your Central Asian itinerary.

Almaty, Kazakhstan

Built in 1972, the high-altitude Medeu Ice Rink has trained many champion skaters—though visitors of all skill levels can rent skates and enter for the equivalent of a few American dollars.

On any trip to Central Asia, you’ll likely find yourself in Almaty , Kazakhstan , a major hub for regional flights. Visitors can take advantage of the city’s museums—or strap on a pair of ice skates for a visit to Medeu , a high-altitude, outdoor ice rink outside Almaty. The rink is reminiscent of a winter wonderland: frosted evergreens, snow-covered mountains, blue skies, and Russian pop music complete the scene as people glide on the glistening ice.

Getting there: Kazakh visas usually aren’t required for visits of fewer than 30 days (check visa requirements here ). Visitors can reach Medeu by bus or taxi from Almaty; tickets to the rink vary in price, but adults (24 and up) can enter for 1,800 Tenge ($4.73 USD) and rent skates for 1,000 Tenge ($2.63 USD).

Tash Rabat, Kyrgyzstan

Tucked in the mountains of Naryn Province, the 600-year-old stone buildings of Tash Rabat remain well-preserved despite the region’s harsh winters. Said to have once been a monastery, Tash Rabat was later converted to a caravanserai, or inn, on the Silk Road. The official caretakers, who live nearby, will unlock the gate to allow visitors to roam through the corridors and rooms.

After exploring, consider staying overnight at one of the nearby yurt camps. Before bed, be sure to look up: high elevation makes the starry night extra spectacular.

Related: Pictures of Central Asia

Getting there: Tourist visas are usually free for trips less than 60 days. Reach Tash Rabat from Bishkek by hiring a private driver through a tour company for $300-400 USD or, for more adventurous travelers, by catching a bus or shared taxi from Bishkek’s bus station to Naryn. Expect to pay about $2 USD to enter Tash Rabat, plus around $12 for a night at a yurt camp. It’s best to know some Russian or Kyrgyz to negotiate prices in Som, the Kyrgyz currency.

Pamir Highway, Tajikistan

Long, busy roads have crossed the Pamir Plateau for centuries, from the Silk Road to modern highways. The Pamir Highway is a must-do road trip through Tajikistan.

The Pamir Highway (M14) is the long stretch of road that runs between Osh, Kyrgyzstan , and Dushanbe, Tajikistan . Set aside about a week for the journey to make time for scenic stops and spontaneous detours by striking moonscapes, glistening lakes, wandering yaks, and the imposingly large, snow-capped Hindu Kush mountains. Pack a bag and grab a few friends to see the diversity of Tajikistan on the road trip of a lifetime.

Getting there: Tourist visa fees to Tajikistan vary (check here for requirements). While some people choose to bike the Pamir Highway, most choose to hire a driver , which costs about $1,000 - $2,000 USD. Regardless of vehicle, consider traveling from Dushanbe towards Osh: The reverse increases chances of experiencing altitude sickness.

Gonur Tepe, Turkmenistan

The ancient fortress town of Gonur Tepe, about 30 miles outside the city of Mary in western Turkmenistan, is still being excavated and restored.

Visitors who can handle the notoriously strict visa rules will find Turkmenistan is worth the effort. Typical itineraries include the Darwaza Gas Crater , Ashgabat , Merv , and Mary , but visitors should also consider adding Gonur Tepe , an ancient desert city and current archaeological site. Though partially reconstructed, most of it remains a maze of crumbling, clay walls and old rooms travelers are free to explore. Shards of broken pottery litter the pathways, and some believe that remnants of ancient Zoroastrian fire pits, used for fire worship, dot the outskirts of the ruins.

Getting there: Visas to Turkmenistan aren’t easy (or cheap) to obtain. Tourist visas require being accompanied by a guide on a purchased package (though it’s possible to adjust your itinerary with the guide). Transit visas—more frequently denied—must prove the necessity of traveling through the country to another destination.

Bukhara, Uzbekistan

The entrance to Kalon Mosque overlooks a plaza in Bukhara, one of Central Asia's holiest cities, also popular with visitors for its covered bazaars.

Considered one of Central Asia’s holiest cities, Bukhara’s urban landscape juxtaposes past and present.

Its well-preserved ancient minarets, mausoleums, and madrasas provide a spectacular display of mosaics and architecture for visitors eager to learn more about the region’s pre- Russian culture. Restoration efforts have not included embellishments, preserving the buildings' authentic beauty.

Finish off with a walk through Bukhara’s covered bazaars: the city’s famous for its hand-painted puppets and unique bird scissors , which are hand-forged and shaped like storks.

Getting there: Depending on your citizenship and type of visa, fees vary ; but once in Uzbekistan , traveling is easy. To get to Bukhara, take a train from Samarkand or Tashkent.

• Nat Geo Expeditions

For Hungry Minds

Related topics.

• HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION
• PEOPLE AND CULTURE

You May Also Like

The big trip: how to plan the ultimate Silk Road adventure through Central Asia

An overnight adventure travelling from Sofia to Istanbul by train

A Croatian coastal odyssey: why road-tripping from Split to Dubrovnik is easier than ever

How to plan the ultimate road trip adventure in Canada

How to plan a weekend on Scotland's wild Isle of Arran

• Environment

History & Culture

• History & Culture
• History Magazine
• Gory Details
• Mind, Body, Wonder
• Paid Content
• Terms of Use
• Privacy Policy
• Your US State Privacy Rights
• Children's Online Privacy Policy
• Interest-Based Ads
• About Nielsen Measurement
• Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information
• Nat Geo Home
• Attend a Live Event
• Book a Trip
• Inspire Your Kids
• Shop Nat Geo
• Visit the D.C. Museum
• Learn About Our Impact
• Support Our Mission
• Advertise With Us
• Customer Service
• Renew Subscription
• Manage Your Subscription
• Work at Nat Geo
• Sign Up for Our Newsletters
• Contribute to Protect the Planet

Copyright © 1996-2015 National Geographic Society Copyright © 2015-2024 National Geographic Partners, LLC. All rights reserved

Central Asia

With its medieval blue-domed cities, kinetic bazaars and remote yurtstays, Central Asia encapsulates the romance of the Silk Road like nowhere else.

Attractions

Must-see attractions.

This ensemble of majestic, tilting medressas – a near-overload of majolica, azure mosaics and vast, well-proportioned spaces – is the centrepiece of the…

Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum

The beautiful portal and trademark fluted azure dome of the Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum marks the final resting place of Timur (Tamerlane), along with two sons…

Shah-i-Zinda

Samarkand’s most moving and beloved site is this stunning avenue of mausoleums, which contains some of the richest tilework in the Muslim world. The name,…

Remote even by Kyrgyzstan standards, magnificent Köl-Suu lake stretches over 10km through a sheer mountain gorge that reaches nearly to the Chinese border…

Some 285km east of Aktau, Beket-Ata is an important and extremely popular place of pilgrimage for those wishing to visit the underground mosque and final…

The spectacular-looking Ark, a royal town-within-a-town, is Bukhara’s oldest structure, occupied from the 5th century right up until 1920, when it was…

Savitsky Museum

The Savitsky Museum houses one of the most remarkable art collections in the former Soviet Union. About half of the paintings were brought here in Soviet…

National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Nur-Sultan (Astana)

This huge blue-glass-and-white-marble museum covers the history and culture of Kazakhstan from ancient to modern times. Themed halls comprise interactive…

Latest stories from Central Asia

Filter by interest:

• All Interests
• Adventure Travel
• Art & Culture
• Beaches, Coasts & Islands
• Food & Drink

Jul 7, 2019 • 8 min read

Our Trailblazers series sees Lonely Planet's guidebook writers reflect on past adventures, reminisce a little, and compare their experiences past and…

Apr 8, 2019 • 5 min read

Feb 4, 2019 • 3 min read

Jan 30, 2019 • 2 min read

Nov 19, 2018 • 8 min read

Sep 18, 2018 • 4 min read

Jun 5, 2018 • 6 min read

May 31, 2018 • 5 min read

Apr 23, 2018 • 5 min read

Mar 22, 2018 • 4 min read

Purchase our award-winning guidebooks

Get to the heart of Central Asia with one of our in-depth, award-winning guidebooks, covering maps, itineraries, and expert guidance.

Central Asia and beyond

10 Extraordinary Places to Visit in Central Asia

• Georgia State University

Michal Knitl / Shutterstock

• Sustainable Fashion
• Art & Media

Often referred to collectively as Central Asia, the countries Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan contain a diverse array of cultures and landscapes worth experiencing in person. Cultural landmarks along the Silk Road, like the 11th century Burana Tower, showcase the ancient architectural ingenuity found within the region, while majestic wonders like Charyn Canyon and Iskanderkul Lake reveal its stunning natural beauty.

Here are 10 extraordinary places in Central Asia worth exploring.

Pamir Highway

Jakub Czajkowski / Shutterstock

Formally known by its Soviet road number M-41, the colloquially known Pamir Highway follows part of the ancient Silk Road trade route through the rugged Pamir Mountains. The famous road was paved mostly by the Soviets in the 1930s and has little in the way of signage or formal routing. The Pamir Highway passes through Dushanbe, the capital city of Tajikistan, along scenic mountain terrain, across rivers, and through parts of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan as well—making it one of the best ways to see the region up close.

Kaindy Lake

taniche / Getty Images

Situated within Kolsay Lakes National Park in southern Kazakhstan, Kaindy Lake was formed in 1911 when a limestone landslide dammed up a gorge and it was filled with water from a mountain river. The beautiful lake, which reaches 1,300 feet long and 98 feet deep, has a blueish-green hue due to the deposit of limestone in the water. Kaindy Lake is also notable for the Asian spruce trunks rising above its surface, giving it the nickname “sunken forest.”

Mo'ynoq

Milosz Maslanka / Shutterstock

In the sands of western Uzbekistan lies the former fishing town of Mo'ynoq. The once populous community has dwindled by the thousands since its heyday in the 1980s, when the Aral Sea still lapped up against the shores there. Over time, destructive irrigation practices of nearby cotton farms depleted the water to such an extent that it eventually evaporated altogether. Today, the fishing, the sea, and most of the people who once lived there are gone, leaving only the rusting remnants of the former beachfront stuck alone in the sand. Visitors to Mo'ynoq can take Jeep tours of what's left of the former seaside village and see the city museum, which details what life was once like there.

Burana Tower

Labusova Olga / Shutterstock

In the Chuy Valley of northern Kyrgyzstan, the 82-foot-tall Burana Tower stands as the last remaining vestige of the ancient city of Balasagun. Built by the Karakhanids in the 11th century, the structure is what’s known as a minaret—a tower built near mosques often used in the Muslim call to prayer. Burana Tower is made of brick and features an external staircase to the top, as well as a staircase on the inside. Although the tower is one of the oldest standing structures in Central Asia, it is not in its original state, having been reduced over the years from the height of 148 feet by earthquakes.

Door to Hell

Dunk / Flickr / CC BY 2.0

A collapsed natural gas reservoir in a Turkmenistan cavern known as the Darvaza gas crater has been burning for decades and is often referred to as the Door to Hell. Although the specific dates are disputed, the story goes that Soviet engineers discovered the gas field sometime in the 1970s, and when they tried to assess the viability of the site and set up a rig, the reservoir collapsed. In an attempt to keep poisonous gases from the nearby village of Darvaza, the engineers set fire to the site and it has been burning ever since. Today, the Door to Hell has become a popular tourist attraction, with visitors pitching tents to camp in the desert sand close by.

Charyn Canyon

YRABOTA / Shutterstock

Part of Charyn National Park in Kazakhstan, Charyn Canyon is a mesmerizing natural wonder that runs 56 miles along the Charyn River. Beautiful rock sculptures formed by water and wind erosion can be found along the stunning two-mile-long Valley of Castles. The colorful and intricate red sandstone patterns adorning the walls throughout the canyon can be observed from a variety of hiking trails or from a white water raft or canoe in the river below.

Registan Square

Carol Adam / Getty Images

Registan, or “sandy place” in Persian, was the center of the ancient city of Samarkand in modern day Uzbekistan, and stands today as an impressive remnant of the Timurid Empire. The highlight of Registan Square are the three "madrassas," Arabic for “schools,” that border the square. The first one built, Ulugh Beg Madrasa, was constructed from 1417 to 1420 by the grandson of the first Timurid ruler, Timur, and features a large, vaulted hall called an iwan, with two towering minarets on either side. The other two madrassas, Sher-Dor Madrasa and Tilya-Kori Madrasa, were built centuries later in the early and mid-17th century.

Iskanderkul Lake

Tarasenko Nataliia / Shutterstock

Roughly 7,000 feet up in the Fann Mountains of the Sughd Province of Tajikistan lies the greenish-blue waters of Iskanderkul. The glacial lake was formed by a landslide that blocked the Saratogh River and is named after Alexander the Great, who passed through Tajikistan during his conquests. Along with the forests, rivers, and meadows surrounding it, the lake has been designated as a nature reserve and is popular tourist attraction due to its close proximity to the country’s capital, Dushanbe. Iskanderkul and the nature reserve that it’s a part of are home to a wide variety of birds—from sulphur-bellied warblers and white-winged snow finches to Himalayan rubythroats and fire-fronted serins.

Tomb of Ahmad Sanjar

Michael Runkel / Getty Images

Located within the medieval city of Merv in modern-day Turkmenistan, the Tomb of Ahmad Sanjar stands as a stunning example of 12th century architecture in the region. The structure is built from stucco, brick, terra cotta, and plaster, and features 46-foot-high walls in the shape of a cube with a large dome on top if it. Originally built in 1157, the mausoleum was made in honor of the recently deceased Seljuk ruler Ahmad Sanjar and was destroyed by the Mongols in 1221. The tomb was rebuilt several times over the centuries by a variety of groups, however, and today it's a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site along with the rest of the ancient city of Merv.

WITGOAWAY / Getty Images

The alpine lake of Song Kul sits 9,895 feet high in the mountainous northern region of the Naryn Province in Kyrgyzstan. The 167-square-mile lake is the largest freshwater lake in Kyrgyzstan and is nestled between the Moldo Too mountains to the south and the Songkul Too ridge to the north. Song Kul and the grassy fields surrounding it are especially popular among travelers in the summertime. Visitors to the beautiful mountain lake enjoy swimming, hiking, camping, and horseback riding at the scenic alpine getaway.

• 16 of the Most Surreal Landscapes on Earth
• 12 Unbelievable Submerged and Underwater Forests Around the World
• 30 of the Most Beautiful Places in the World
• 10 Great Places to Visit for Thanksgiving
• 8 Great Modern-Day Pyramids
• National Monuments Designated By President Obama
• 15 of the World's Longest Bridges by Category
• 14 Fabulous Funiculars From Around the Globe
• 15 Legendary World's Fair Leftovers
• 9 Scenic Byways and Parkways to Visit This Fall
• 8 Dreamlike Abandoned Places Being Reclaimed by Nature
• 10 Epic Coastal Cliffs
• 10 Scenic Highways Worth the Drive
• 10 Small Towns With Big Personalities
• 10 of the Most Romantic National Parks
• 8 Special Places to Visit in the San Gabriel Mountains

A Beginner’s Guide to Central Asia Travel: Discover the Silk Road

Updated March 2024 ,   A Beginner’s Guide to Central Asia Travel was originally written in February 2019

For travelers looking for something different, this mostly unspoiled region will surely deliver. Personally, if I was only allowed to travel one region of the world for the rest of my life  Central Asia  would be my choice.

Central Asia is a region where east meets west, snow-capped mountains beg to be explored, where Silk Road empires conquered, claimed, razed, and repeated, ancient architectural gems dot barren desert landscapes, nomadic families still move their yurt camps from jailoo to valley and back again, and evidence in historical human movement is present from ancient languages still spoken, cuisine and cultural traditions.

Before I arrived in Central Asia I thought it’d be a one-and-done trip. My trip of a lifetime, a place that would prove difficult to travel. I left knowing I’d be back, what I didn’t realize then was that it would be every year.

I thought bureaucracy would test my patience (although it killed it in  Xinjiang ), visa debacles would ruin my plans (it sorta did in  Turkmenistan ), bribes would break the bank (not as often as you’d think), that I’d just like  Tajikistan  (not fall head over heels for it) and food poisoning would plague my ambitions (it’s only slowed me down a couple of times at best). These concerns have proven to be more the minority than the norm.

Things are quickly changing in Central Asia. Tourism is opening up (except maybe in Turkmenistan and Xinjiang), visa acquisition is becoming easier and easier with relaxed schemes (except Turkmenistan and  Afghanistan ), more foreigners are visiting and community-based tourism is exploding.

If you’re considering making your first venture to travel Central Asia this first-timer’s guide will help to share practical information and to answer common questions about Central Asia travel. This guide includes information on  Kazakhstan ,  Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan, Turkmenistan,  Uzbekistan , and additionally, information on Afghanistan,  Northern Pakistan , and Xinjiang (Western China).

Need Travel Insurance and Evacuation Services for Central Asia?

Start shopping for travel insurance plans over at  IATI Insurance . Readers of the Adventures of Nicole get a 5% discount off your plan.

The Adventures of Nicole partners with Global Rescue to offer the world’s leading medical evacuation and security advisory services. To travel with peace of mind, shop evacuation coverage at Global Rescue .

The bane of most Central Asian travel plans existence. For many years the rigorous visa policies, a carryover from (most of) Central Asia’s Soviet years, kept all but the most intrepid travelers away. But things are changing— visa policies are loosening, visa on arrival and e-visas are becoming more common.

A couple of countries still remain a pain-in-the-arse with stringent visa policies, but overall the region is opening its doors.

Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Pakistan are offering e-visas now to many nationalities, and Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan are offering visa-free travel to more nationalities than ever before. Meanwhile, most nationalities will still need to obtain full-blown visas prior to travel in Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Xinjiang (China).

Learn more about visas in my  Quick Guide to Central Asia Visas

The sheer number of languages and dialects spoken in this region is mind-boggling. The good news is: In Post-Soviet Central Asia Russian is still widely spoken and understood.

If you are headed to Post-Soviet (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, or Uzbekistan) I recommend learning some basic Russian phrases. It also doesn’t hurt to learn a few basics in each local language as well.

A great pocket-sized book to pick up before you travel Central Asia is the  Central Asia Phrasebook  by Lonely Planet .

Kazakhstan : Kazakh and Russian are the official languages. Kazakh is a Turkic language.

Kyrgyzstan : Official languages are Kyrgyz and Russian. Kyrgyz is a Turkic language with similarities to Kazakh, however, Kyrgyz is typically written in the Cyrillic Alphabet.

Tajikistan : Tajik is the official language in Tajikistan, but Russian is still used and understood. Tajik is a dialect of the Farsi spoken in Iran and the Dari spoken in Afghanistan, but the main difference is that Tajik is written in the Cyrillic alphabet. Tajikistan has a plethora of languages and dialects spoken within it, including Wakhi, Shughni, Yagnobi (ancient Sogdian), Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Yazgulyam, Ishkashimi, Parya, and more.

Turkmenistan : Turkmen is the official language but Russian is still widely used. Turkmen is a Turkic language, officially written in a Latin script but Cyrillic is still commonly used.

Uzbekistan : Uzbek is yet another Turkic language and is closely related to the Uyghur language.

Since 1992 it has been written in the Latin script. Russian is still widely used and understood. In the desolate region of Karakalpakstan, Karakalpak is spoken as well which has ties with Uzbek and Kazakh.

Xinjiang :  Uyghur and Mandarin Chinese are official languages in the Xinjiang Province of China. Uyghur is the language spoken by the Uyghur people historically, though the Chinese government has launched a campaign recently banning the use of Uyghur in schools and even detaining and sending those using the language publicly or showing interest in it into labor camps. Uyghur is a Turkic language and is written in an Arabic script.

Afghanistan : The two official languages of Afghanistan are Dari and Pashto. Dari, which is a dialect of the Farsi spoken in Iran is the most widely spoken of the two in the country. Dari is written in modified Persian-Arabic, while Pashto is written in Arabic script.

Pakistan : Urdu and English are the official languages of Pakistan, however, there are over 60 languages spoken in the country. I’ve included Northern Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa in this guide). Languages spoken in northern Pakistan include Shina, Burushaski, Khowar, Wakhi, Balti. Pashto, Hindko, Saraiki, and Kohistani.

Best Time To Visit

The best time to travel Central Asia is largely dependent on what areas you want to visit and what activities you’d like to take part in.

If planning to trek in the high mountains of  Tajikistan , Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan,  Afghanistan’s Wakhan Corridor , or Northern Pakistan then July-September are going to be the best months.

For desert and lower-lying areas such as Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, the Ferghana Valley, mainland  Afghanistan  and much of  Xinjiang  spring and fall months (April, May, September, October) will be the most comfortable months to visit in.

Winter sports enthusiasts wanting to get in a little downhill action on their trip should visit in January and February to the ski resorts and lifts in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan or trek in and ski down in Tajikistan and  Bamyan  Province in Afghanistan.

Transportation

Marshrutka & Shared Taxi

Marshrutka and shared taxi are the most common and usually easiest way to get between places traveling Central Asia. They usually do not have schedules and depart when full from a designated place in the town or city (many times near a bazaar). The best way to find out where the marshrutka or shared taxi you need to be on is leaving from is to ask locals or staff at your accommodation.

Trains can be a comfortable way to travel in Central Asia, and the least nerve-wracking (driving in Central Asia is a bit crazy).  Uzbekistan  and Kazakhstan have the best network of railways in the Central Asian countries.

Not a very common form of transportation in Central Asia, but it can be a comfortable alternative to shared taxis where available.

Often you will cross paths with cyclists on a giant Silk Road adventure, especially on Tajikistan’s  Pamir Highway — a huge bucket list route for many cycling enthusiasts.

Hitchhiking

Hitchhiking is fairly common in Central Asia, with the exception of Afghanistan and extremely remote areas. Do note that drivers will typically expect a little money from hitchers as pretty much anyone with a car in Central Asia seconds as a taxi driver.

Organized Tour

For those with time constraints, organized tours can be a great way to optimize your Central Asia trip. Those not wanting to deal with logistics and language barriers will likely get more enjoyment out of group or private tours.

Big overlanding companies like  Intrepid ,  G Adventures , and Dragoman offer several Central Asian itineraries.

I have traveled and written extensively on Tajikistan, and have crossed paths with several of the owners of Tajik travel companies. You can find a list of Tajik tour operators  here .

If you’re planning a trip to this breathtaking country, it’s always a good idea to seek guidance from experienced tour operators who know the ins and outs of Tajikistan’s diverse landscapes and rich culture. You can find a list of reputable Tajik tour operators here on a resource called  Top Essay Writing . Whether you’re interested in trekking through the Pamir Mountains or exploring the historical sites in Dushanbe, connecting with knowledgeable tour operators can greatly enhance your travel experience.

Accommodation

Accommodation options in Central Asia vary widely. In big cities like Tashkent ,  Almaty ,  Dushanbe , and more you can find luxurious hotels at one end and homestays at the other end of the spectrum.

Once you start heading off to smaller towns options dwindle and offerings are extremely basic. If headed to the mountains you can expect to find homestays at very most, otherwise yurt camps or plan to bring your own tent.

My preferred platform for making accommodation bookings is of course, Booking.com , but you will find that many smaller out of the way locations you will either need to call ahead or take your chances and show up and see if there’s space.

Start shopping  Central Asia accommodation

If you’re scratching your head wondering what Central Asia cuisine is, you’re not alone. Central Asia (not including Afghanistan, Pakistan, or Xinjiang) is not a region known for its gastronomy, and there’s ample reason for this– it’s not exactly the most exciting the world has to offer- though there are some great dishes to try.

In general food in Central Asia is a tad bland, meat-centric, and fairly unimaginative. Food is more of a means of survival and not exactly the healthiest of all. With that said there are some good dishes out there and chefs hither and thither that can work a typically bland Central Asian dish into something delicious.

Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Xinjiang are total exceptions to the blandness of Central Asia, food in these three areas is a food lover’s dream come true. There are dishes that are typically only found in certain countries or regions of countries that you can read more about in my country-specific guides.

Vegetarians will have difficulties at times and vegans will really struggle with Central Asian cuisine. It’s not impossible either (I have traveled with both a vegan and a vegetarian at times in my Central Asia travels and they both survived).

Just try to plan ahead and learn how to communicate your dietary needs in the local language and/or Russian. I also recommend getting a copy of the  Vegan Passport , a multilingual vegan phrasebook (it includes several Central Asian languages) to help you communicate your needs.

People throughout Central Asia are learning about vegetarian and vegan diets and many times will be happy to try to help accommodate your needs.

Here are some commonly found foods throughout the region:

Plov : A rice dish fried in mutton fat and often includes mutton, onion, carrots, chickpeas, and sometimes raisins

Laghman : A personal favorite, a somewhat soupy dish served with meat and noodles and vegetables. Laghman can vary greatly from one cook to another.

Manti : Little noodle dumplings stuffed most often with minced meat and onions. My favorite? Potato manti and pumpkin manti.

Shashlyk : Meat skewers, that we would call shish-kabobs in the west.

Samsa : Similar to an Indian samosa, these deep-fried packets are usually filled with minced meat and onions.

Non : No meal is complete in this part of the world without bread, bread  is  life after all.

Chai : A hot glass of chai will accompany nearly every meal in Central Asia. Many times hosts will excitedly refill your cup over and over even if you plead no more.  Tip : If you are finished with chai simply swill down the remainder in your glass and flip your cup upside down– this is the universal no more chai sign.

Where To Go In Central Asia

TURKMENISTAN

XINJIANG (CHINA)

AFGHANISTAN

NORTHERN PAKISTAN

Money In Central Asia

ATMs and money exchangers can be found in major cities throughout Central Asia, though smaller towns may be a challenge. Do check exchange rates prior to your Central Asia travel as currencies are known to fluctuate dramatically over here.

If planning to carry in cash, the US dollar seems to be the preferred currency for exchanging. In some countries, like Tajikistan and Afghanistan, it’s sometimes the preferred currency for payments (especially large for larger purchases).

It’s worth noting that the black market is no more in Central Asia, Uzbekistan being the last country to abolish its currency black market.

Central Asia Packing List

General gear.

• Water Purifier – I personally use the  Katadyn water filter . Tap water is not safe to drink in much of Central Asia.
• External battery pack – Perfect for keeping things charged on long journeys.
• Headlamp – Perfect for camping, dark streets, and the occasional power outage.
• Camera — Don’t miss out on bringing your memories back home with you.
• Sunscreen – Sometimes difficult to find in the region. Sun is very powerful, especially at high altitudes.
• Toilet Paper
• Prescription & Over the counter medications

Recommend Gear For Trekking

• Inreach Explorer+ – GPS & SOS beacon, great for remote hiking in Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.
• Solar charger – Keep those electronics charged in remote areas.
• Backpack – I recommend the  Osprey Ariel 65L backpack  for women.
• Daypack – My personal favorite is the Osprey Daylite Plus.
• Hydration Pack — Have water available without having to reach for a water bottle.
• 3 Season tent – I use the  MSR NX Hubba-Hubba 1 man tent  and love it! I also use a Mountainsmith Morrison Evo 2 tent when I’m traveling with others.
• Sleeping bag – Useful for trekkers & cyclists. I use a  Nemo sleeping bag  cold rated to 20ºF/-7ºC.
• Hiking Boots – My personal favorite is the  La Sportiva Nucleo High GTX  hiking boot.
• Lightweight cooking camp set – Prepare your own meals on the go.
• Trekking Poles – Great for steep slopes.
• Mosquito Repellant – Recommended in the summertime.

Guide Books

• I recommend Bradt’s Guidebooks to help you plan an in-depth visit to Central Asia. They have updated editions for Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan , and Uzbekistan .
• Central Asia  by Lonely Planet . Great to have on hand or phone on the road, though don’t treat it as a Bible.  Central Asia Phrasebook  by Lonely Planet  is a great pocket-sized book with basic phrases and translations for the plethora of languages spoken in the region.

Safety In Central Asia

Central Asia safety is one of the most commonly searched topics about the region on google. I’m going to break this into two sections: Post-Soviet Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) and the remainder of Central Asia, for simplicity’s sake.

Post-Soviet Central Asia

In general, the core of Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) is a safe destination to visit. After spending several months in these countries I can honestly say I’ve never felt in danger or concerned for my safety in any of them. With that said, things do on rare occasions happen here.

The most recent: in June 2018 there was a  terrorist attack  in Tajikistan that left 4 dead and 2 injured foreign cyclists.

Tensions do at times build up with fighting in the Fergana Valley (last notable was in 2012). These events are not the norm. The standard precautions are typically enough to ensure safety in these countries.

The biggest risks and dangers you will face are chaotic driving, altitude illness, and food poisoning.

Check out these popular itineraries: 2 weeks in Kazakhstan & Kyrgyzstan or 2 weeks in Uzbekistan & Tajikistan

Northern Pakistan

Northern Pakistan, especially Gilgit-Baltistan is reasonably safe to visit. Occasional things have happened (such as the 2013 Tahreek e Taliban  attack on climbers at Nanga Prabat  base camp that left 9 dead). At times sectarian violence against Shia Muslims does break out in Gilgit-Baltistan.

Afghanistan

As of August 2021, Afghanistan has fallen under control of the Taliban. Visiting is not recommended right now for obvious reasons, and you probably can’t even find an embassy to issue you a tourist visa at the moment anyway.

Not all of Afghanistan is at war as you would be lead to believe by western media. The  Wakhan Corridor  for instance has remained untouched by war and terrorism and is realistically the only safe place to visit in the country.

Travel in mainland Afghanistan is a much dicier prospect with some areas being *safer* (in terms of Afghanistan) to visit and others essentially off-limits. For visits to mainland Afghanistan, I highly recommend an experienced and knowledgeable guide such and Noor, Sakhi, and the team at  Let’s Be Friends Afghanistan .

Travel in Afghanistan does come with big risks, however, there are measures that can be taken to reduce them.

Read: Tips for Solo Female Travel in Central Asia

In general, Xinjiang is a safe place for travelers, however, there is turmoil there at the moment and many places are closed to foreigners. In the past, there have been a handful of terrorist attacks carried out in Xinjiang by radicalized people, but this is not a regular occurrence.

Since early 2017 the Chinese government has been effectively kidnapping Uyghur and other Muslim ethnic minorities in Xinjiang (after sending in mass numbers of Han Chinese to take the Uyghur down from being the majority population in the area) that show interest in Uyghur culture, practice their religion or use their language out in the open and placing them in “re-education” camps.

There are speculations that these camps are forcing people held in them to hard labor, and some that they are first taking to camps and then transferring them to full-on Chinese prisons. Many are never seen or heard from again.

Read more about the Cultural Genocide as it’s been coined  here . Learn more in an interesting interview about the Han Chinese being sent to occupy Uyghur homes  here .

Need More Central Asia Travel Info?

Check out my country guides and itineraries below, or ask your Central Asia travel questions in the comments!

More Posts from Central Asia:

Kickin it in Kabul, Afghanistan

7 Tips For Solo Female Travel In Central Asia

Why Foodies Should Flock To Karakol, Best Karakol Restaurants & Food

Kyrgyzstan Travel Guide

Kandahar In Photos & Travel Guide

10 Reasons To Visit Tajikistan

Crossing the Azerbaijan-Iran Border at Astara

Bartang Valley Guide

A 10 Day Pamir Highway Itinerary including the Wakhan Valley

How To Get An Iranian Visa In 2024

The Karkara Border Crossing Between Kazakhstan & Kyrgyzstan

Uzbek Fergana Valley Travel Guide

Ishkashim Border Crossing Between Tajikistan & Afghanistan

Khiva Travel Guide + 13 Things To Do In Khiva

Khujand Travel Guide + 14 Things to Do In Khujand

The Best Restaurants In Dushanbe

Fann Mountains Trekking Expedition, Tajikistan June 12-23, 2024

The Ultimate Tajikistan Travel Guide

12 Day Pamir Highway Expedition June 25-July 6, 2024

25 Day Tajikistan Expedition June 12-July 6, 2024

10 Things To Do In Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

How To Get To Big Almaty Lake

Turkmenistan Expedition October 25-November 1, 2024

Uzbekistan Travel Guide

Afghanistan Travel Guide

Trekking The Haft Kul in Tajikistan’s Fann Mountains

Two Week Tajikistan & Uzbekistan Itinerary

Lake Kaindy & Kolsai Lakes: Everything You Need To Know

Bukhara Travel Guide + 19 Things To Do

Khorezm Fortresses: Uzbekistan’s Castles of a Forgotten Empire

Tajikistan Itinerary For 1-4 Weeks

Crossing The Uzbekistan-Afghanistan Border At Hairatan

Samarkand Travel Guide: The Best Things To Do In Samarkand

Two Week Uzbekistan Itinerary

Must-Try Tajik Food: Best Food in Tajikistan

Kazakhstan Travel Guide

A Guide To Tajikistan’s Fann Mountains

Uzbek Food: 33 Must-Try Dishes in Uzbekistan

The 10 Best Hikes In Tajikistan

How To Get To Charyn Canyon, Kazakhstan

A Tour Though The Almaty Metro

Panjakent Travel Guide + 6 Things To Do In Panjakent, Tajikistan

17 Things To Do In Tajikistan

A Beginner’s Guide To Central Asia Travel: Discover The Silk Road

The 14 Best Things To Do In Almaty + Almaty Day Trips

Hormuz Island: A Guide To Iran’s Rainbow Island

3 Days in Almaty, Kazakhstan

Tashkent Travel Guide + 16 Things To Do In Tashkent

A Two Week Kazakhstan & Kyrgyzstan Itinerary

The Best Restaurants In Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Panjakent-Samarkand Border Crossing Between Tajikistan & Uzbekistan

Bamyan’s 40 Tower of Chehelburj, Afghanistan

Rasht Valley, Tajikistan

10 Things to Know Before Your First Trip to Central Asia

Solo Female Travel In Iran

How to Cross the Shirkhan Bandar Border Crossing Between Tajikistan & Afghanistan and get an Afghan Visa on the Border

Photos From Turkmenistan

The Gardan i Kaftar Hike In Tajikistan’s Rasht Valley

A Day Trip To The Taboshar Uranium Mines in Istiklol, Tajikistan

A Day Trip to Madiyan Hot Springs, Tajikistan 

Windswept Desolation In Karakul, Tajikistan

Gumbezkul Pass Hike, Tajikistan 

Murghab Travel Guide + 4 Things To Do In Murghab, Tajikistan

The Beautiful Bolshoi Allo Lake In Tajikistan’s Fann Mountains

A Day Trip To Takht e Rustam, Afghanistan

Photos From The Wakhan Corridor, Afghanistan

A Guide to Trekking in Bamyan, Afghanistan

Visiting The Beautiful Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan

Iran Itinerary For Independent Travelers

Sarazm Ruins, Tajikistan: The Oldest City in Central Asia

How To Get To Khafrazdara Valley, Tajikistan

Qala i Khumb Travel Guide, Tajikistan

One Day In Turpan Travel Guide

A Giant Salt Flat in Tajikistan? Welcome to Akhkon

Crossing Chimtarga Pass

How To Get To Timur Dara Lake, Tajikistan

A Guide to the Shokhdara Valley, Tajikistan

Bamyan Travel Guide

How Much Does It Cost To Backpack In Iran?

Getting High On Balkh: Old Walls, Blue Tiles & Hash

How To Get To Lake Sarez, Tajikistan

Herat Travel Guide + Photos

Trekking to Pik Engles Meadow in Tajikistan’s Wakhan Valley

Across Tajikistan In 80 Photos

Ishkar & Ceramics in Istalif, Afghanistan 

32 Photos That Will Put Kazakhstan On Your Bucketlist

How to Get an Iran Visa on a US Passport

10 Essentials You Need to Pack for Central Asia

Starry Nights & Chaikhana Floors: A Journey Through Daykundi, Afghanistan

How To Get To Hisor Fort, Tajikistan

Secret Soviet Bioweapons Lab of Aralsk 7 on Vozrozhdeniya Island  

31 Local Central Asia Foods & Drinks to Try on Your First Trip

Crossing Kyzyl Art Pass Between Tajikistan & Kyrgyzstan

Ashgabat, Turkmenistan: The Weirdest Capital City In The World

Dara e Ajdahar: The Dragon Valley, Afghanistan

Shahr e Gholghola: Afghanistan’s City Of Screams

Female Travel In The Wakhan Corridor, Afghanistan

Tajikistan Border Crossings

5 Things To Do In Osh, Kyrgyzstan + Travel Guide

How To Get To Burana Tower & The Tokmok Animal Market

A Quick Guide To Jeti Oguz, Kyrgyzstan

Khorog Travel Guide + 7 Things To Do In Khorog

Qarshi Travel Guide, Uzbekistan

Is Tajikistan Safe? The Short Answer: Yes

Solo Female Travel In Uzbekistan

Visiting the Solar Furnace in Parkent, Uzbekistan 

Exploring the Frontier Town of Termez, Uzbekistan 

Solo female travel in tajikistan.

How To Visit Sary Chelek, Kyrgyzstan

Lunar Landscapes & Lapis Lazuli Lakes Of Band e Amir, Afghanistan

How To Get An Afghanistan Visa

Tajikistan Visa Guide: How to Get a Tajik Visa

Istaravshan Travel Guide + 9 Things To Do In Istaravshan

The Tajik Wakhan Valley Travel Guide

34 Photos That Will Make You Book A Ticket To Kyrgyzstan

Jizeu Trek: Tajikistan’s Best Overnight Hike In The Pamirs

Travel Karakalpakstan: The Stan Within A Stan

10 Reasons to Visit The Pamirs

Karakol Travel Guide + 13 Things To Do In Karakol, Kyrgyzstan

Visiting the Aral Sea Disaster, Uzbekistan 

The Best Road Trips In The World

Yagnob Valley Trekking & Travel Guide

A Simple Guide To Central Asia Visas

30 Best Things To Do In Uzbekistan

Iskanderkul & Sarytag Travel Guide, Tajikistan

Hike the lakes loop in tajikistan’s fann mountains.

Mazar e Sharif In Photos & Travel Guide

10 Things To Do In Dushanbe + Dushanbe Travel Guide

Afghanistan-Iran Border Crossing At Islam Qala/Dogharoun

Crossing The Qolma Pass Between Tajikistan & China

Kashgar Travel Guide: Xinjiang’s Oasis In The Chinese Far West

What It Was Like To Travel As A Woman In Afghanistan

The Ultimate Guide To The Pamir Highway

Darvaza Gas Crater: Camping At The Door To Hell, Turkmenistan

Crossing Dukdon Pass In Tajikistan’s Fann Mountains

South Aral Peak Hike, Tajikistan

Visiting the Sary Khosar Nature Reserve, Tajikistan 

How To Get To Kandovan, Iran

How to Visit Childukhtaron, Tajikistan

Climbing Shah Foladi, Afghanistan

Caught in an Electric Storm on Koh e Mekh in Bamyan, Afghanistan

Eastern Pamir Travel Guide

Shahr e Zohak: Afghanistan’s Red City

Tashkent Metro In Photos & Guide

Shahrisabz Travel Guide + Best Things to do

Afghan Wakhan & Zorkul Trekking Expedition

Afghanistan Tour: Cultural Highlights, Epic Cities, & Hindu Kush Trek

Pakistan Tour: Chawmos Festival, Bazaar Towns & Vibrant Lahore

Two Dames Went On Vacation To Afghanistan

Marco Poloing Around: The Long Way to Italy, Via Afghanistan

Travel with Me to China, Tajikistan and Pakistan in 2018!

Walking Among Giants in Beautiful Tajikistan

10 thoughts on “a beginner’s guide to central asia travel: discover the silk road”.

Possibly a strange one but would you be able to give some advice on what to pack clothes wise for men in these countries for summer months?

Hi Matt, not a strange questions at all. It honestly all depends on what your plans and where you plan to visit in Central Asia in the summertime. In the lower lying areas and cities such as Dushanbe, Bishkek, Almaty, Tashkent (as well as most of Uzbekistan), the Fergana Valley, Shymkent, and the Khatlon region of Tajikistan you can expect hot temps exceeding 37C, and in the more extreme 40C and up. So think lighter and breathable fabrics. If you’re planning to do some trekking or visiting mountainous areas layering clothing will be helpful as well as a warm jacket as the temps can plunge quite low if you’ll be spending time above 3500m. Merino wool base layers, trekking pants, fleece, and a down jacket would be helpful in this case.

Your post has reminded me of the importance of sustainable and responsible travel.

This is an incredible source of info. I salute you.

Do they offer e-visas for Australians? Would love to travel the Stans soon so just want to know. Thanks!

Hi Sharon, Here is the current visa policy for the ‘stans for Australian passport holders

Tajikistan- evisa Uzbekistan- visa free Kazakhstan- visa free (KZ’s visa free program is suspended through Dec 2021 as of now) Kyrgyzstan- visa free Turkmenistan- visa (Turkmenistan still is not open to tourism and it’s unclear when it will again)

Many thanks for this very useful list of attractions and destinations. It helped us a lot, as we are planning a trip to Central Asia.

Hi Maria, I hope you enjoy Central Asia! I have lots more posts on each destination too if you need more help planning 🙂

Wow, so much good information here. Thank you for sharing all your expertise on the region, I’m excitedly awaiting visiting Central Asia

Happy to hear it’s helping you plan!

Leave a Comment Cancel Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Notify me of followup comments via e-mail. You can also subscribe without commenting.

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed .

Central Asia Travel Guide and Backpacking Itinerary

Travelling in Central Asia is like a fairytale. From the white peaks of the Kyrgyz mountains to the wild horses on the steppes of Kazakhstan. From the pearls of architecture in Uzbekistan to one of the world’s most closed countries of Turkmenistan and intriguing landscapes of Tajikistan. Central Asia lies off the beaten path for most of the tourists, but it intrigues and fascinates those adventurous ones. Here, I share with you my Central Asia travel guide and full Central Asia itinerary to help you plan your next backpacking trip to one of the world’s underrated regions.

CENTRAL ASIA TRAVEL

When I talk about my recent trip when I was travelling in Central Asia, I often get the question “what countries are in Central Asia”, and “Where exactly is it”? There is still not much information among western travelers about this part of the world. Well, when others miss out on the gorgeousness of those countries, we can enjoy the unique places hidden from the crowds.

You can travel through Central Asia in many ways and visit all, or only part of the “stans”. The “Stan countries” include Uzbekistan , Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. All Central Asian republics are different, and all are fascinating. The Central Asian itineraries vary from spending just a few weeks to a few months in the region. There is a lot to discover and the more time you have the better. Travelling the stans might not always be easy, and there are some things to know about Central Asia, that are helpful, but it is worth it.

CENTRAL ASIA ITINERARY

This Central Asia itinerary is very condensed and allows you to see the highlights of the region in a relatively short time. Obviously, more days would be recommended in each of the countries to be able to visit them properly, but unfortunately, this is not always possible. Some of us are trying hard to travel more with a 9-5 job and are limited with time. Hopefully, this itinerary will help you make the most of your time travelling Central Asia.

I took a trip to Central Asia this year and I covered a part of the silk road route. I managed to do some of the best things Central Asia has to offer, together with visiting quite remote places located entirely off the beaten path. But not any less fascinating.

Dive into the dazzling world of Central Asian countries.

This post may contain affiliate links, which means that I may receive a small commission, at no cost to you, if you make a purchase through a link. More details here .

Table of content

• Backpacking Central Asia

Safety in Central Asia

Central asia tours, what countries to visit in central asia, best time to visit central asia, length of travel in central asia, point of entry and exit to central asia, visas for central asia, transport in central asia, money and prices in central asia, language in central asia.

• Central Asia itinerary day per day, map of the route through Central Asia 
• Kazakhstan itinerary
• Uzbekistan itinerary
• Kyrgyzstan itinerary

Read more: 13 Unique & Interesting things to do in Kyrgyzstan 

CENTRAL ASIA TRAVEL TIPS AND TRIP DETAILS

Backpacking central asia .

I was backpacking Central Asia, mostly on my own, with my boyfriend joining at the end. My travels are usually focused on budget backpacking, looking for unusual places and being close to local people. I prefer independent travel and also tend to value new experiences and things to do more than a relaxing time, and I am very active. Stan countries are perfect for that. Backpacking Central Asia is easy, cheap and probably the best way of exploring the region.

If you are concerned about Central Asia safety, you shouldn’t be. As a solo female traveller I felt safe in most of the places. You can read the post with my answer to the question is Uzbekistan safe and my experience from there, which also translates to other countries of Central Asia.

However, as everywhere else, you need to be vigilant and cautious. Small pickpocket crime can happen anywhere and in touristy places, some of the locals might try to squeeze more money out of you than necessary. Those are just exceptions from the very nice rest.

Please, note that I haven’t been to Tajikistan or Turkmenistan yet, so cannot personally vouch for those countries. However, I’ve heard from other travellers that those countries are also generally safe.

If you don’t feel comfortable travelling in Central Asia on your own, you can look into some Central Asia tours, that are widely available. Viator offers some good looking tours, that you can check out:

• Kazakhstan 2 day tour to Charyn Canyon, Kolsai and Kaindy lakes – Check details here
• Son Kul Lake tour in Kyrgyzstan – Check details here
• Horse riding in Kyrgyzstan – Check details here
• 2 Days desert Yurt camp tour in Uzbekistan – Check details here
• 4 Days Pearls of Uzbekistan Tour – Check details here

I managed to visit Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan , and Kyrgyzstan . The region also covers Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. Due to time limitations, the weather in the mountains and problems with visas to Turkmenistan I needed to exclude them from my Asian itinerary at the time.

Turkmenistan is one of the hardest countries to get to, as you either need to go there with a guide (which costs money) or apply for a transit visa. A transit visa only gives you 4-5 days in the country and can easily be rejected.

Read more: Backpacking Uzbekistan itinerary

I visited the region in April/May 2019. While this is a perfect time to go to Uzbekistan with bearable temperatures, it’s not ideal for hiking conditions in Kyrgyzstan or mountainous regions of Kazakhstan. It is still possible to do some hikes in the lower parts of the mountains, or in the canyons, as well as visiting higher peaks with proper equipment. This is a quieter time in places, that can be popular with people otherwise.

If your main focus is Kyrgyzstan hiking, Tajikistan trekking, and otherwise high-altitude walking anywhere else, focus more on the summer months. In winter, early spring and late autumn many passes are still covered in snow and the roads might be impassable.

Read more: Is Uzbekistan safe? I traveled there solo and this is what I discovered

I spent a total of 20 days in the region. I needed to use three days for work in Nursultan (Astana) in Kazakhstan. The rest I used purely for traveling. Below you will find my 3 weeks Central Asia itinerary. With the region so vast and diverse, the more time you have to spare the better.

For me, it was Nursultan (Astana) in Kazakhstan. The point of entry was connected to my work trip. However, Nursultan is also a good starting point in Central Asia for people coming from Europe . It’s well connected with Europe through Poland and Russia. The only thing you need to keep in mind is that the city is located quite far away north from other points of interest in this itinerary.

If you want to focus mainly on the southern parts, you can try to enter the region through Almaty, Bishkek or Tashkent, which are located closer to the main places covered here and are also well connected to the west.

Another alternative if you come from Europe is to travel by land and a ferry through Azerbaijan.

As a European citizen, I had a 30-day visa-free entry to all three countries. Most nationalities have free visa entry to Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan (which has recently relaxed its visa rules). Tajikistan requires an easy-to-get e-visa. Turkmenistan is the only country in the region that still holds a strict visa regime and can reject the majority of applications.

Check the information about the visa requirements for Central Asia before departing. You can read the latest visa information for Central Asia on the official country website. For Central Asia visas for Uzbekistan , you can click on the blue link, for Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan, you can check in the embassy in your own country.

To move between the countries and inside them, I used planes, trains, local buses (marshrutkas), shared taxis and cars.

You can travel Central Asia by train, as it would be the fastest (apart from flying) on the long distances. Trains work well in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, not so much in Kyrgyzstan or Tajikistan. Trains are quite fast and comfortable. There are three classes to choose from and all are fine.

Marshrutkas

Marshrutkas are the minibuses that travel either on short or long distances. They are usually small and cramped but it’s the cheapest option to travel around in Central Asia and a great one to meet locals.

Shared taxis

The very popular mean of transport in Central Asia. Shared taxis are the cars where you share places with other people. Their price is normally a bit higher than the marshrutkas, but they can get you to the destination faster, as they don’t need to wait to fill up a lot of empty spaces.

There are airports in most of the cities around Central Asia and it’s quite easy to fly in and out. However, the tickets often get fully booked and the prices of the flights are not so cheap. I flew with Uzbekistan airways and Air Astana, both were fine. The best place to looks for flights is through skyscanner.net  or on the carrier websites.

Central Asia is mostly a cash-driven society. Especially in Uzbekistan, don’t expect to be able to pay by a card or even find an ATM working with a foreign card. I’ve walked for hours in the heat with no food trying to find one that was working and just ended up changing the USD dollars with a local, as I had no other choice.

Take cash in USD dollars to exchange later. The best place to do it is in the bank, as the black market is now illegal in Uzbekistan.

In Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, ATMs are easier to find, especially in the big cities and some places also take cards.

VISA cards are more common to be accepted than Mastercards. I used my Revolut Mastercard in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan with no problems.

Prices in Central Asia are very affordable, with Uzbekistan being the cheapest of all the countries that I visited. Kyrgyzstan is slightly cheaper than Kazakhstan.

Read more: Unique and interesting things to do in Kyrgyzstan

Each of the countries has their own language, but many people are bilingual, with Russian being their second language. Not all of them though. I’ve had multiple situations of friendly Uzbek ladies chatting away to me in their local dialects and having the fun of me not understanding a word 😉

Russian is definitely helpful, and I recommend learning at least the basics. Especially reading the Cyrillic alphabet, it will help you a lot. Some people also speak English, but most are more comfortable with Russian. I used this Lonely Planet Russian phrasebook & dictionary and found it very handy!

What to pack for Central Asia

A few things that I recommend bringing when you travel to Central Asia:

• Revolut card for fee-free ATM withdrawals (some of the local ATMs will still charge a small fee, but it’s not the bank fee). Order your card here .
• US dollars in cash (especially for Uzbekistan)
• Water filter, especially if you plan on hiking. I recommend SteriPen , that also filters viruses or LifeStraw . You can buy SteriPen here , LifeStraw here .
• Russian phrasebook & dictionary – I used the one from Lonely Planet and found it very helpful. Buy it here.
• Sunscreen, always. I love this 50+La Roche Posay .
• Hiking shoes if you plan to hike
• Waterproof/windproof jacket, especially if you plan to be on the higher altitudes
• Good sunglasses for the harsh sun and higher altitudes
• First aid kit

CENTRAL ASIA ITINERARY DAY PER DAY

1-3 – Nursultan, Kazakhstan (can be reduced to 1 day or skipped) 3-4 – Tashkent, Uzbekistan 4-5 – Samarkand , Uzbekistan 5-6 – Bukhara , Uzbekistan 6-7 – Khiva, Uzbekistan 8 – Qalas, the desert castles, Uzbekistan 9 – Bishkek and transfer to Karakol, Kyrgyzstan 9-13 -Karakol and around, Kyrgyzstan 13-14- Bokonboaveo, Issyk Kul, Kyrgyzstan 15 – Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan 16-20 – Almaty, Charyn Canyon, Lake Kaindy, Kazakhstan

CENTRAL ASIA MAP – MY CENTRAL ASIA BACKPACKING ROUTE

CENTRAL ASIA ITINERARY PER COUNTRY

KAZAKHSTAN CENTRAL ASIA ITINERARY

I started my Central Asia trip in the capital of Kazakhstan, Nursultan (previously named Astana). It has just changed its name a few days before my arrival).

I spent several days working and visiting Nursultan at the same time. Since I was initially on a business visa, I needed to leave the country if I wanted to travel on my own. The only way of doing it in a timely manner was by flying out. I flew to Tashkent in Uzbekistan and started the trip from there.

Alternatively, to go south instead of flying to Uzbekistan, you can go by train to Almaty and make the itinerary in the reverse direction. Another option would be to get to Shymkent in the south of Kazakhstan, visit the Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve and then go by public transport to Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Since my return flight back to Europe was also from Nursultan, I needed to finish the trip there. Before flying out, I spent some time in south Kazakhstan.

Where to stay in Nursultan: 

Astana Marriott Hotel – I stayed there 4 nights for work and I can definitely recommend it. It’s located just next to Khan Shatyr (the shopping center that looks like a massive tent), and within a short walk to the city center and several restaurants. It also offers a spa, swimming pool, and a rooftop bar. Check prices and availability here.

For backpacker-friendly hotels in Nur-Sultan check out Hostelland Astana with a great vibe and dormitory rooms. Check prices and availability here.

The main city of south Kazakhstan is Almaty. It used to be the capital of the country and you can see it in its size and development. The city itself is very green and surrounded by the mountains. Full of good cafés (such a difference after drinking instant coffee in other parts of Central Asia), chic bars and restaurants, it’s a buzzing place perfect for chilling in for a few days.

In the proximity to Almaty lies Ile-Alatau National Park with glaciers and lakes. The place popular with locals and travelers alike is a Big Almaty Lake. If you have time, it’s also worth to go to Shymbulak ski resort and Medeo ice rink.

Where to stay in Almaty: 

Hotel Tahar – located in the typical post-Soviet block of flats, it doesn’t look like a hotel from the outside. We stayed there twice, as we thought it was a good value for the price for both of us. Nearby, you can find cheap local eatery for breakfast (and not only). Also, a Georgian restaurant on the street next door is great. Check prices and availability here.

For solo travelers looking for hostels and interaction with other backpackers, Almaty Backpackers is a place to go. Check prices and availability here.

South of Kazakhstan

You can take a few days to travel in the south of Kazakhstan. We rented a car (you can check rental prices through rental cars or message some local companies) and we drove around for 2 days. The main points that we visited were the Charyn Canyon, village Saty and Lake Kaindy. Not far from there also lie the beautiful Kolsai Lakes, but we didn’t have time for them.

Where to stay in Saty: 

Guest House Arcabay-Karligash – family-run guest house with home-made food that guests love. All the meals are included and the owners can also arrange transport to Kaindy Lake, Kolsai Lakes and back to Almaty. Check prices and availability here .

KAZAKHSTAN TRAVEL

Days spent in kazakhstan.

4 days + 3 days in Nursultan for work

Places visited in Kazakhstan

Nursultan, Almaty, Big Almaty Lake, Charyn Canyon, Kaindy Lake with sunken forest, Saty.

What to add with more time

Kolsai Lakes, Altyn Emel National park, Aksu-Zhabagly Reserve, Turkestan, Chundza hot springs

Border crossings

There are several border crossings between Kazakhstan and neighboring countries. The main border crossing between Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan is the one on the way between Almaty and Bishkek. In the summer months, there is also another crossing opened that connects the east part of the country through Karkara Valley. However, the road closed in winter, spring, and autumn, so make sure you check the opening times before you decide to travel there.

The main border crossing in the south of Kazakhstan with Uzbekistan is Zhibek Zholy. You would need to take it if you travel from Shymkent to Tashkent.

Total cost in Kazakhstan (excluding Nursultan and flights)

For 2 people for 4 days: 69906 tenge (185 USD). This equals to 35 000 tenge or 92 USD per person.

UZBEKISTAN CENTRAL ASIA ITINERARY

Silk road travel.

During my Uzbekistan itinerary , I decided to visit the main cities located on the ancient Silk Road route. This is the country that is famous for the places that must be put on the silk road itinerary.

I am not the biggest fan of the cities – I prefer outdoor adventure and off the beaten path travel. Luckily, the silk road cities in Uzbekistan, that I visited were really interesting. Even though they were sometimes crowded, it was mainly with local tourists from the region. This added to the fascinating and colorful vibe of those places. In Uzbekistan, I mainly used trains as transport and shared local taxis. I was travelling as a solo female in Uzbekistan.

I started my trip to Uzbekistan from Tashkent. I was quite tired, so I didn’t manage to see much of the city, but if you have time, spend at least half a day there and make sure to see some of the Soviet architecture, like the famous Uzbekistan hotel . A trip to the beautifully decorated Tashkent metro stations is also worth a go.

Where to stay in Tashkent:

Sunrise Caravan Hotel – I stayed there for one night after arrival. Location is central. The interior was really nice and wooden, with a clean bathroom and a comfortable bed with a curtain in a mixed dormitory room. Simple breakfast was included. They also offer private rooms. Check prices and availability here .

Tashkent Amir Khan Hostel – nice hostel, located close to the airport (I walked for my flight). I stayed in a female-only dormitory room and it was clean and comfortable. Plugs and curtains for each bed. Clean bathroom. Breakfast included. The staff were really nice and offered me a takeaway breakfast with no additional charge as I was leaving early for my morning flight. Check prices and availability here .

From Tashkent, I took a train to Samarkand, where I spent 1,5 day. The city has a busier vibe from other places in Uzbekistan. There are a lot of amazing things to do in Samarkand . The most famous landmark is the Registan .

I managed to see everything on the first day after arrival, so during the second day, I was mainly walking around, talking to people, eating, drinking tea and wandering the streets. I would say that one full day there would be enough, but do not miss sunrise and sunset in Registan!

Where to stay in Samarkand:

B&B Emir – nice hostel, located close to Gur Emir complex and a short walk away from Registan. Traditional wooden interior, rooftop (it wasn’t fully ready when I was there though) and clean rooms. Breakfast wasn’t included, but there are plenty of places in the city where you can get food. Check prices and availability here.

If you want something on the other side of town, check Tilyakori Hotel or Hotel Caravan Serail , both traditional and with beautiful interior.

After Samarkand, I visited Bukhara . Bukhara was much quieter than Samarkand, with the very distinctive old town. Again, I managed to see most of the places during the half a day in the old part of the city, so I wandered out of the city walls and explored other landmarks.

Where to stay in Bukhara:

Bukhara Rumi hotel – I stayed there for two night in a mixed dormitory room. There were bunk beds with curtains, which was nice. The building is rather old and has a courtyard inside. The toilet was a basic one. We had a good and very big breakfast, unfortunately, the owner didn’t want to give me anything for takeaway as I was checking out before breakfast was served. The wifi was working mainly in the common area. The location was good enough, but further from the tourist attractions. It was ok for a few nights. Check prices and availability here .

If you look for a hotel closer to the main tourist attractions check Old Bukhara with very good reviews – check prices and availability here .

For nice hotels with a bit higher price range, Hotel Malika Bukhara with their spa center is a good choice. I wanted to stay in a beautifully decorated Boutique Hotel Minzifa that has traditional Uzbek architecture, but it was fully booked. It gets quite popular, so make sure to book in advance. Check prices and availability here .  

My last city in Uzbekistan was Khiva. The old town there is still surrounded by the city wall and felt more touristy, as inside the walls you can mainly see the visitors. The mud walls of the buildings and walking off the main paths, as well as waking up for the sunrise on the city walls added more magic to my stay there.

Where to stay in Khiva:

Khiva Meros B&B – family-run hotel with rooftop terrace and wonderfully decorated ceilings. It’s located within the Old Khiva walls, perfect for peaceful strolls amongst the historical buildings and offering great sunset and sunrise views. It gets very popular and it’s hard to get a room, so be quick with booking. Check prices and availability here .

Desert  Qalas of Karakalpakstan

I finished my trip in Uzbekistan with a day trip to the desert castles – qalas. I was looking forward to this part of the trip, as it sounded very unusual to me. The ruined castles located in the middle of the desert were empty and we could visit the walls in peace. It was a very interesting experience, that I can definitely recommend. The landscape reminded me a little bit of intriguing rock formations of Wadi Rum in Jordan in the Middle East.

I returned to Tashkent by flight from Urgench (the bigger town near Khiva) and moved from there to Bishkek in Kyrgyzstan.

UZBEKISTAN TRAVEL

Days spent in uzbekistan, places visited in uzbekistan.

Tashkent, Samarkand , Bukhara , Khiva, Desert Qalas (castles)

What to add with more time in Uzbekistan

Nukus, Monyaq, Aral Sea

Border crossing with Kazakhstan on the east part of the country is through Zhibek Zholy.

To get to Kyrgyzstan from Tashkent, you can go through Kazakhstan border crossing Zhibek Zholy, through Shymkent and back to Bishkek. Or you can go through the Fergana Valley in direction to Osh. Both options require at least 2 additional days for travel.

Means of transport

Trains, shared taxis, planes

Total Uzbekistan cost

For 5 days per person travelling solo: 1,321,209 som (154 USD)

Other posts about Uzbekistan

Full Uzbekistan itinerary

10 Astonishing things to do in Samarkand

Is Uzbekistan safe?

KYRGYZSTAN CENTRAL ASIA ITINERARY

Northern kyrgyzstan.

During my time in Kyrgyzstan, I focused on the northern part of the country. There are many things to do in Kyrgyzstan , especially if you like hiking and outdoor adventure. This is the country with some of the most beautiful Central Asia mountains. You can explore the numerous trails on foot or horses for weeks and even months.

Located on the eastern part of the Issyk-Kul lake, around 150 km from the Chinese border, Karakol is a city surrounded by mountains. One of the best spots for trekking in Kyrgyzstan with interesting culture and variety of places around to choose from. I’ve stayed there for a few nights, taking trips around into the outdoors.

Where to stay in Karakol:

Green Yard Hotel – family-run hotel with delicious home-made food, immediately stole my heart. The tranquility of the area, mountain views and the everywhere greenery made for a wonderful stay. Rooms are clean and sleek, colorful pictures of the region decorate the walls. Green Yard Hotel is famous for its breakfasts, and there is no surprise why – I could easily eat them several times a day, every day. And the tea (chai) with a selection of homemade jams and cakes! You got to try it. Check prices and availability here.

Sary-Jaz Valley

I also wanted to discover places located more off the beaten path in Kyrgyzstan. One of them was a hidden Sary-Jaz valley with the half-abandoned soviet city surrounded by the 7000+ meters high mountains of Tian Shan. This was a highlight of my trip to Kyrgyzstan.

Some of the other hidden places in Kyrgyzstan, that I could visit were canyons on the south shore of Issyk Kul lake. I had a chance to explore the region around Karakol and discover those unknown areas, thanks to Visit Karakol company, who invited me on a trip and my great travel guide, Ibraim. This local outdoor adventure company specializes in tours to off the beaten path places and takes people to the most beautiful parts of Kyrgyzstan.

Issyk-Kul Lake

After visiting the east part of Kyrgyzstan, with Karakol and Jyrgalan Valley, I was joined by Alex and we spent some time in the south shore of Issyk-Kul lake in Bokonbaevo. We stayed in a traditional yurt camp by the lake, from where we also organized a horse riding in the mountains. Amazing experience and very strongly connected to the local culture.

Where to stay in Issyk-Kul Lake:

Jurten Camp Almaluu – we stayed near Bokonboaveo, but still out of the city, by the lake in the traditional yurt camp. We had our own yurt with a fireplace and cozy mattresses. The food was served in the big common yurt and was delicious. The yurt camp also organizes the activities and we went horse trekking in the nearby area with them. The bathrooms were located outside, as well as showers, but there was hot water and everything was clean. Check prices and availability here .

After that, we were hosted in Bishkek by the local family of one of Alex’s friends, who treated us like the kings. The hospitality of the local Kyrgyz people is outstanding.

Bishkek is the capital city of Kyrgyzstan. Contrary to what you can see on the internet, I actually like Bishkek and I think there is a lot to do there. The city is surrounded by mountains and it’s very easy to get to the national park straight from the city center.

Where to stay in Bishkek:

In Bishkek, we stayed with a local family, but some of the recommended hotels in Bishkek are:

Friends guest house & Hostel – nice hostel in a good location, preferred by backpackers for its good prices and friendly atmosphere. Check prices and availability here.  

Capsule Hotel – modern and clean hostel with capsule dormitory beds. Sleek and private. Check prices and availability here. 

Garden hotel & SPA – 4-star hotel with a perfect location and great amenities. Check prices and availability here. 

KYRGYZSTAN TRAVEL

Days spent in kyrgyzstan.

 7 days

Places visited in Kyrgyzstan

Bishkek, Karakol, Sary-Jaz valley, Jyrgylan valley, Issyk-Kul lake, Bokonboaveo, Canyons – Skazka canyon, Canyon of Forgotten rivers, Mars canyon

Spend more time in the mountainous areas, visit Song Kul lake and lakes in the region, go on a road trip to the south via Pamir highway, visit more known places like Alakol, Altyn Arashan, Jeti Oguz, Burana tower

The easiest way to get from Kyrgyzstan to Kazakhstan is by marshrutka (local bus) from Bishkek to Almaty. It takes 5 hours and goes through the main border crossing.

In the summer the Karkara Valley crossing is also open, that makes for a shortcut when coming from Karakol area into Kazakhstan.

The main crossing with Uzbekistan is through the Fergana Valley.

Total cost in Kyrgyzstan

The total cost of my trip to Kyrgyzstan is hard to estimate since part of my tour was in collaboration with Visit Karakol , and during other days we were hosted by the local family. I will try to write a post about the general prices for items in Kyrgyzstan to help you with estimates (spoiler alert – it’s not expensive! A little bit more expensive than Uzbekistan, but cheaper than Kazakhstan).

Other posts about Kyrgyzstan

22 Unique and interesting things to do in Kyrgyzstan

Read more about Central Asia:

  13 Unique & Interesting things to do in Kyrgyzstan 

Is Uzbekistan safe? I traveled solo to Uzbekistan and this is what I discovered

Backpacking Uzbekistan itinerary

21 Impressive Things to do in Bukhara

Would you use this plan for Central Asia trip? Would you like to add any places? What is your Central Asia itinerary? Let me know in the comments!

Like it? Pin it!

Sharing is caring!

Related posts:

• Full Backpacking Uzbekistan Itinerary in One Week (Or More) + Tips
• How to plan a perfect trip to Asia – tips for your first Asia vacation & how to choose the best travel itinerary
• 22 Unique & Interesting Things To Do In Kyrgyzstan
• Is Uzbekistan Safe? 5 Things I Discovered Traveling Solo

3 thoughts on “ Central Asia Travel Guide and Backpacking Itinerary ”

Wow, Bukhara city walls are so impressive, I used to live in Almaty (11 years ago) and visit some of the countries but never visted Bukhara

Bukhara has really a lot of places worth to see!

Wow amazing loved each and every place gorgeous images too. The one I liked the most is Kul Lake such a beautiful lake. Thanks for sharing these awesome destination with us!

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Your Guide To The Countries Of Central Asia & Which To Visit

Central Asia is a complex region full of natural beauty and history and a region few ever explore.

Quick Links

Kazakhstan - the largest central asian country, kyrgyzstan - the mountainous country, uzbekistan - the country with rich ancient architecture, tajikistan - home of the pamir highway, turkmenistan - the hermit country.

Central Asia is a fascinating part of the world that few people ever get to visit. This article will define Central Asia as the five former Soviet countries of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan - it will not include Afghanistan or Mongolia (which are sometimes included in "Central Asia").

These countries are some of the least explored in the world and are gems full of history and some of the world's most spectacular scenery and exceptionally friendly people. But these countries often experience unrest, and it is important to check for up-to-date information before going there.

Kazakhstan is by far the largest of the Central Asian countries and the most developed. The vast bulk of the country is flat Asian steppe - like the Mongolians; the historic Kazakhs once roamed these vast steppes on horseback.

• Capital: Nur-Sultan (Formerly Astana)
• Largest City: Almaty

The capital is the new city of Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana) in the northern steppes. But the historic capital and largest city is Almaty in the south. Almaty lays at the foot of some of the mightiest mountain ranges in the world and is a stunning place to visit.

• Visa Requirements: Visa-Free One Month

Kazakhstan is visa-free for a month for most nationalities. There has been recent political unrest in Kazakhstan - while it is typically a safe country to visit, one should check for updates from the U.S. Department of State .

Related: This Is Why Kyrgyzstan Is A Gem Waiting To Be Discovered By Intrepid Travelers

The Kyrgyz people are similar in many ways to the Kazakhs, but whereas Kazakhstan is mostly flat, Kyrgyzstan is incredibly mountainous. The capital and largest city is Bishkek, and the country is famous for the massive and pristine alpine lake of Issyl Kul.

• Capital and Largest City: Bishkek

Kyrgyzstan is generally less developed than Kazakhstan but is very tourist-friendly. A must in the country is to take multi-day horseback riding trips through the mountains and sleep in traditional yurts.

• Visa Requirements: Visa-Free 60 Days

The two main attractions in Uzbekistan are its stunning architecture and the ghost fleet at the now largely disappeared Aral Sea. Uzbekistan is the most popular country in Central Asia and lies on the Silk Road . There are numerous group tours that go to Uzbekistan, where one can see the incredible architecture at Bukhara, Samarkand, and Tashkent. If one has time, visit the ghost fleet on the vanished Aral Sea Too.

• Capital and Largest City: Tashkent

For most Western passport holders, Uzbekistan is visa-free for 30 days - but for Americans, they need to apply for an e-Visa online (this is very easy and straightforward).

• Most Western Passports: Visa-Free 30 Days (Canada, UK, EU, Australia, NZ)
• American Passports: e-Visa Required

As of the time of writing, parts of Uzbekistan are experiencing significant unrest - check for updates on the situation before going.

Related: Kazakhstan Very Nice! A Stunning Destination With Incredible Petroglyphs

Tajikistan is a small alpine country nestled between Kyrgyzstan and Afghanistan. It is a poor country, but one that welcomes tourists. One of the greatest attractions in Tajikistan is the famous and remote Pamir Highway - it is a once-in-a-lifetime experience for those who get to do it.

• Capital and Largest City: Dushanbe

To visit the Pamir Highway, tourists need a permit to visit the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (it costs $20.00)

• Visa Policy: Visa-Free For 30 Days (Except UK)

Until 2022, tourists needed to apply for an e-Visa to visit Tajikistan, but since 1 January 2022, visas have been waived for most Western countries (except the United Kingdom, which still requires an e-Visa).

Turkmenistan is very different from the other four Central Asian countries. The country is largely closed to tourism, and visas are very difficult to obtain. Tourists need organized tours that will likely be quite expensive and tour guides to take them around the country.

• Capital and Largest City: Ashgabat
• Visa Policy: Visa Required And Very Difficult To Obtain

One way to visit Turkmenistan is to just transit from Iran to Uzbekistan or Kazakhstan - the transit visa is for five days. However, this option is very difficult for Americans, Canadians, and the British as it is difficult for them to visit Iran.

It is not recommended to visit Turkmenistan unless one is an experienced traveler. Visitors need to be careful what they say, do, and what they take pictures of. It is common for the police to follow tourists. Never talk about politics while in Turkmenistan.

The Best Places To Visit In Central Asia

With its beautiful scenery, incredible architecture, fascinating history and epic journeys along ancient silk routes, Central Asia has something for everyone. The hardest thing can be choosing which of the diverse countries to visit. Below we help you decide the best places to visit in Central Asia, based on your preferences. Wild Frontiers have years of experience at arranging group tours and  tailor made holidays throughout the region.

Best for breathtaking scenery

Kyrgyzstan is hard to beat in terms of breathtaking scenery. The lush Mountains of Heaven stretch across its breadth, and the landscapes of grassy steppe, primal forests and turquoise lakes make it a favourite with our travellers. Lake Son Kul, in the centre of the country, is a classic blue glacial lake, where semi nomadic people camp along the banks in the summer. 

Kyrgyzstan has several mountains over 7000 metres, as well as glaciers, deserts, alpine forests, and a third of the country is permanently covered in snow. For our money this is the most beautiful of the Central Asian countries.

The warm and hospitable locals are a real highlight, and Wild Frontiers has built up strong relationships with local people in over ten years of running holidays to Kyrgyzstan. Stay in a mixture of homestays and traditional yurts, and meet with semi nomadic people and eagle hunters on our group tour or book a tailor made holiday.The natural beauty of Kyrgyzstan can also be combined with the cultural cities of Uzbekistan on our Wild Mountains, Fabled Towns tour.

Best for culture vultures

Uzbekistan is home to the region's finest Silk Road cities - Bukhara, Samarkand and Khiva offer stunning Islamic architecture and a rich history. Conquerors from Alexander the Great to Genghis Khan, from Huns to Turks and Arabs have held sway here over Uzbekistan's long and fascinating history and this is reflected in the wide range of influences in the region. The people here have always been more settled than nomadic, marking it out as different from its surrounding neighbours.

A key point on the ancient silk route connecting China with Western Europe, Uzbekistan's cities are home to some splendid architecture, featuring elaborately tiled mosques and minarets, fortresses and palaces. The country's golden age was under Tamerlane, who made Samarkand his capital in the 14th century and you can see his legacy in the city's impressive monuments, in particular in Registan Square. If you are a lover of culture, history and architecture, Uzbekistan is the Central Asian country for you.

Best for epic journeys: 

The Chinese were the first civilisation to master the production of silk and when it became one of the world’s most valuable commodities the first “silk routes” sprang up. 

From as early as 200 BC merchants from the west travelled on a hazardous journey from Kashgar across the Taklamakan Desert to Xian to trade their goods for silk, which they would bring back to the bustling markets of Kashgar, which can still be witnessed today every Sunday. Incidentally, the monopoly of China’s silk production was finally broken by monks smuggling silkworm eggs out of the country in the 6th century.

Over the years the silk road facilitated the exchange of not only goods, but also ideas, politics, religion and architecture. On our Chinese Silk Road tour explore the origins of the silk road, travelling from Xian, home to the Terracotta Warriors, to the Westernmost point of the Great Wall in Jiayaguan, where traitors were once pushed off the edge to fend for themselves in the badlands beyond the Chinese empire, through the Taklamakan Desert, visiting oasis towns, Tibetan monasteries and ancient ruins before finishing at the great trading point of Kashgar, where east meets west. This is an epic and romantic journey steeped in history and adventure.

Best for escaping the modern world 

For the adventurous traveller, the Persian-speaking country of Tajikistan offers a true chance to escape the modern world; landlocked in the heart of the ‘stans’, this remote country was pretty much closed to the West for 100 years after Francis Younghusband was expelled during the Great Game in 1891. 

With very little traditional tourist infrastructure, accommodation is largely with local families in guesthouses and homestays, and you can forget any thoughts of wifi or mobile phone coverage. Throw in the epic scenery of the Pamir Mountain range, the Wakhan Valley and verdant valleys and you have the perfect destination to escape the modern world.

Wild Frontiers’ Lucy travelled to Tajikistan recently: “ In one village I stayed they just had one telephone, which had been broken for a month, and in another of my homestays I had to unplug the light from a car battery when I went to bed. But homestays are a brilliant way to get to know the local culture and understand the people. The mountain scenery is harsh, but then you get the contrasting splashes of bright green of the farmers’ fields in the fertile valleys .” For a true adventure amongst stunning scenery and away from the stresses of the modern world, it’s hard to beat Tajikistan.

Turkmenistan

Best for lovers of the bizarre: 

Gas-rich Turkmenistan has one of the world's most bizarre capitals, Ashgabat being awash with marble-clad buildings and ostentatious monuments to its leader. Outside the capital there is a chance to see a more traditional semi-nomadic way of life in the smaller villages and close to the Iran border. The scenery ranges from desert to mountains, and there are some stunning canyons and unusual rock formations to the west.

The country is also home to the fascinating ancient silk road city of Merv, once one of the world's grandest cities until it was razed to the ground by Genghis Khan. Here you can see the remains of caravanserai and ruins dating back to the 11th century. The Darvaza Gas Crater is also one of the world's most unusual tourist destinations.

Afghanistan

Best for challenging perceptions

Afghanistan is arguably the most important country on the Silk Road, sitting at a pivotal geographical position through which all routes had to travel. As such Afghanistan was home to some of the most impressive and important silk road cities such as Herat, Mazar-i-Sharif and Kabul, and over time developed as a melting pot for a myriad of cultures and creeds. 

Modern Afghanistan has of course formed the basis of many a front page headline but behind those stories lies a fascinating country emerging slowly from three decades of war and instability, representing one of the most diverse and fascinating countries in the region.

Wild Frontiers offers tours to the far north east of the country, accessing through Tajikistan and into the Wakhan Corridor, as well as tours taking in the cultural side of the country, including Herat, Mazar, the Panchi Valley and Bamiyan. As the divide between the Hindu Kush and the Pamir Mountains the Wakhan Corridor is an exceptionally beautiful and peaceful region that has never been affected by the recent troubles. 

This place represents a blank page as far as adventure tourism is concerned. Typically our groups will stay in small guesthouses, interacting with friendly and welcoming locals, with whom you will sit and have tea, share in picnics and observe village life on a series of guided walks.

No visit to a place like this is without risk and anyone thinking of going there should discuss with us and others the particulars of the security situation surrounding their trip. However, for those with a true sense of adventure who want to get behind the headlines of one of the most important locations in geo politics today, Afghanistan is a must.

Harry Foskett

View harry foskett's latest blog posts, related tours.

• Bosnia + Herzegovina
• Faroe Islands
• Philippines
• South Africa
• French Polynesia
• Solomon Islands
• Work With Me

Central Asia Travel : A Complete Beginner’s Guide To Travelling The Silk Road

• Central Asia
• Central Asia Travel : A…

16 February 2018.

For intrepid travellers seeking a spectacularly under-the-radar corner of the world, Central Asia provides the perfect opportunity.

In a region where east and west collide, curious smiles abound, extraordinary Silk Road empires glisten amidst the desert and rugged mountain peaks lie in wait, it’s a place fit for any type of traveller – the history enthusiasts and the adventurers.

Though we had been lead to believe that independent travel in Central Asia would be somewhat of a challenge, with a mix of bureaucracy, bribes and pointless bag checks a frustrating part of the daily agenda, we thankfully found this to be the rare exception.

Things are slowly changing here.

Of course, there was still the odd ridiculous situation that sent our eyes rolling, but travel in Central Asia is far from the arduous experience it is sometimes made out to be.

If you’re considering a trip to this underrated region, this beginner’s guide covers the practical side of Central Asia travel, including how to get around, where to stay, which visas you’ll need, and when to go!

* This post includes affiliate links and any purchases made through these links will earn us a small commission at no extra cost to you. *

One of the most common forms of transport for silk road travel, marshrutka, are minivans that act either as transport within cities or for medium-distance travel (3 to 5 hours) between destinations. They’re often the cheapest form of transport to get around. In Kyrgyzstan, marshrutka will be your go-to mode of transport for both long and short distance trips, while in Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, you’ll generally only travel this way for shorter distances.

Shared Taxi

In many ways, we found this to be the local’s transport of choice. Taxis often gather around a central location, such as the marketplace or bus station, and leave when full for a single destination. In general, shared taxis cost slightly more than a marshrutka and are used for shorter distance trips, but in places like Kyrgyzstan, 12-hour taxi rides are not uncommon.

Considering most people in Central Asia drive like loons, we found train travel to be the most comfortable (and least stressful) of the transport options, as well as a great chance to interact with locals who will happily force feed you until you can eat no more. There are typically three classes – business or first class, kupe  (2nd class) and  platzkartny  (3rd class). We generally opted for kupe which is around half the price of first class and includes a sleeper in a compartment of four, whereas  platzkartny  tends to be seating room only. Trains run only in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan and are perfect for long-distance travel.

Though not all that common, large buses do travel along some routes and are generally comfortable. If trains are sold out, this is another good option for long-distance travel.

We’re certainly not hardcore enough to use bicycles as our go-to mode of transport but this is an exceedingly popular way to travel along the silk road. There was one week in Dushanbe where we were literally the only people at our hostel not cycling or motorbiking through the region.

Bad roads and often tricky logistics mean getting around in Central Asia can take a whole lot longer than it ought to. Silk road tours that visit many of the region’s highlights in a short space of time may be a decent option for those wanting to cover a lot of ground but without the time to linger too long or lose hours making convoluted travel plans.

Here are a few of the best Central Asia Tour options.

G Adventures   |  One of the best in the business with a strong focus on responsible travel and supporting community-based initiatives, G Adventures runs a number of tours through the region. Choose from a week long dash through the mountains to an epic month-long adventure that shows off the best of the silk road. Check tour options here.

Intrepid Travel |  With a similar focus on responsible travel experiences, Intrepid offers a wide range of tours across the region lasting anywhere from 9 days to 6 weeks. Check tour options here.

Dragoman Overland |  The experts in overland travel, join these guys for ant part of their silk road experience in their big orange adventure bus. Check tour options here.

Kalpak Travel |  Catering to a slightly older demographic, Kalpak combines the cultural highlights and natural beauty of the Stans into one grand adventure, along with shorter trips for those just after a taster. Check tour options here.

Indy Guides   |  Is a market place for local tour operators, guides and drivers from across the region. Find anything from cooking classes to multi-day trekking adventures that can be fully customised and directly support local communities and businesses.

Inspiration: Our Epic 10-Day Pamir Highway Itinerary

Stringent visa requirements are one of the reasons Central Asia has remained under the radar as a travel destination for quite so long. These days though, the relaxing of visa requirements is only making it easier to visit.

Most nations can visit Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan visa-free, while Tajikistan requires a no-fuss e-visa. The visa for Uzbekistan generally a Letter of Invitation and a visit to the embassy, though this is set to change later in 2018. Turkmenistan is the only country still maintaining strict conditions of entry with around a 50% refusal rate for visa applications.

For more details on applying for visas in the region, see our mini guide to visas for Central Asia .

Whether you’re seeking a cosy guesthouse in the mountains, a traditional yurt in the countryside, or a luxurious five-star base in the city, you’ll find accommodation options in Central Asia to suit every budget.

Outside of major cities, high-end luxuries and standard backpacker hostels quickly disappear, replaced by basic but comfortable guesthouses, homestays and in the more remote regions, yurts. Hosts are almost always incredibly warm and welcoming and traditional meals are often included.

In general, booking in advance is not necessary, though if you’re travelling in the high season, some popular destinations where accommodation is limited can fill up fast.

Already know your itinerary? Start searching for accommodation now !

Read Next: The Most Beautiful Hike In Kyrgyzstan

Food often plays a big part in our day-to-day travels. In fact, Freya will routinely plan entire days around finding places that offer up unique dishes to try. And, well, there’s a reason why Central Asian cuisine isn’t exactly sought-after elsewhere in the world.

While we found the big cities, such as Almaty and Dushanbe, to have a fantastic selection of restaurants and cafes (read more about them here ), weeks spent in the countryside eating the same meal repeatedly quickly got old. Uzbekistan was the wonderful exception, with fresh and creative salads and numerous veggie options making up the bulk of many menus.

These dishes were some of our favourites:

Shivit oshi.  A speciality of the Khiva region of Uzbekistan, this dish combines dill infused noodles with a tasty vegetable (or meat) stew.

Pumpkin samsa. A rare find compared to the ubiquitous meat variety, we could never say no to these pastries stuffed with spiced pumpkin.

Shashlyk. A firm local favourite across the region, shashlyk is marinated or spiced flame-grilled skewers with your choice of meat, vegetable and sometimes fish.

Ashlyanfu. This noodle salad served cold with a tomato vinaigrette is far more appealing than it may sound. Ubiquitous in the rambling lanes of Kyrgyzstan’s Karakol market, this dish descends from the Dungan community, a   Muslim minority ethnic group originating from China.  

The historically nomadic culture of the region means meat and grain are a staple of almost every meal. Firm vegetarians, vegans, or those with a gluten intolerance, may struggle somewhat travelling here long term, particularly in less developed areas. In some remote regions, our hosts were quick to ask whether we ate meat, which we do, though as the meat tends to be cooked within a communal dish, we got the distinct impression that for those that said no, they simply would have picked out the pieces.

Other staples of the region include:

Plov.  The universal dish of Central Asia, plov is a fried rice concoction most often containing lamb and full bulbs of garlic. More imaginative varieties include fragrant spices, raisins and chickpeas.

Beshbamark.  A popular dish in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan of hot tomato soup with noodles, vegetables and meat – traditionally horse is used, though it is also served with lamb and beef.

Manti.  Steamed meat dumplings served with a sour cream sauce. Some varieties also contain pumpkin.

Laghman. A tasty noodle dish with capsicum and meat. Served either fried or boiled.

Nan and Chai.  Bread and tea – The essential accompaniments to any Central Asian meal. Pots of tea, either green or black, are enjoyed slowly and profusely, sometimes with the addition of fruit jam for a touch of sweetness. A delicious wheel of fresh bread is always eaten alongside the main dish.

In this vast land of chiselled peaks and rolling steppe, it’s not always easy to determine the best time to visit Central Asia.

During the summer, the lowland cities swelter while the mountains remain wonderfully cool. In the winter, the spectacular high-altitude trails are smothered in snow, while in spring and autumn the urban hubs assume a pleasant temperature for exploration.

Our trip lasted from mid-July to late October where we moved from the scorching cities of Kazakhstan to the temperate Kyrgyz and Tajik mountains and caught the tail end of autumn in Uzbekistan’s Silk Road cities. All in all, we felt this was a perfect way to make the trip.

If you’re travelling long-term, bare in mind that the harsh winters make many mountain regions virtually impassable and downright dangerous to explore independently. If your perfect trip includes hiking in the magnificent Tien Shan or roadtripping the Pamir Highway , these experiences are best completed in the warmer months.

If the ancient Silk Road cities of Uzbekistan will instead be the focus of your trip, spring and autumn are prime times to visit when temperatures are bearable and crowds minimal.

Start Planning Your Silk Road Travels With Our Dedicated Country Guides

K Y R G Y Z S T A N

T A J I K I S T A N

K A Z A K H S T A N

U Z B E K I S T A N

From our research before the trip, we expected money to be far more problematic than it was.

ATMs are widespread in all major cities, some delivering both USD and the local currency. Low withdrawal limits in some areas are something to watch out for, especially if your bank charges a withdrawal fee.

ATMs accepting VISA cards were far more common and in more remote areas, you may struggle to find a machine that accepts Mastercard at all.

The currency inflation in Uzbekistan ($1 equals 8,000 som) means you’ll often wind up carrying several enormous wads of cash. Rather than using the ATM we found it much easier to simply exchange USD at the bank ($100 at a time) which are more likely to give you higher bills, though generally 5,000 and 1,000 som notes are the norm.

We’d definitely recommend travelling with a reserve of USD in hard cash, just in case.

In terms of budget, backpacking in Central Asia is very affordable with Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan generally being cheaper than Tajikistan and Kazakhstan.

Get Planning: The Best Things To Do In Khiva, Our Favourite Town In Uzbekistan

For the complete list of all the things you should pack for your Silk Road trip, whether you’re here for the mountains or the cities, check out our ultimate packing guide for Central Asia .

But, a few key essentials include:

A Steripen  |   We bought one specifically for this trip and it quickly became one of the most used things in our backpacks. Particularly if you’ll be spending a lot of time in the mountains, this compact, easy-to-use device is an excellent option for purifying your water, just don’t forget the  batteries .

Check the latest reviews and prices for the SteriPen here.

A Guide Book | Online information and wifi can be a little patchy so we’d recommend taking a hard copy guide as well. Though we had to make do with the woefully out-of-date Lonely Planet, we’re happy to announce that the new edition of their Central Asia Travel Guide  has just been released!

Check prices for the Central Asia Lonely Planet here.

Just travelling through one of the ‘Stans? Bradt Travel Guides  have in-depth, country-specific guides which came highly recommended to us by others we met in the region.

Check prices for the Bradt Travel Guides here.

A Decent Camera  |   Between the dazzling sights of the ancient silk road cities and the majestic mountain peaks, you’ll want to have a decent camera that can do this spectacular region justice as well as stand up against the sometimes temperamental weather.

Our favourite combination is this weather-sealed  Olympus body  with this versatile zoom lens .

Toilet paper  |   Seriously! Away from the cities, many guesthouses don’t supply their own, and if they do, it tends to resemble some kind of sandpaper rather than what you’re probably used to at home.

High-Quality Outdoor Gear  |   If you’ve come to Central Asia in search of adventure, proper outdoor gear is absolutely essential. Along with warm underlayers for high altitudes (merino wool is our favourite for this!), solid waterproof boots and a durable, weatherproof jacket are key.

Check the latest reviews and prices on our favourite hiking boots for him and her , here.

According to Google, when it comes to travel in Central Asia, safety is one of the biggest concerns. As a destination that has flown for so long under the radar and is so often associated with the other ‘Stans, this is entirely understandable. However, by taking the standard precautions, we actually felt much safer travelling in Central Asia than many other places we’ve set foot.

Our guidebook had us believing we’d be patted down and searched by every police officer we passed, but the reality is this only rarely happens these days. Don’t carry more money on you than you think you’ll need, keep an eye on your bags in busy marketplaces and on public transport and be aware of your surroundings when going out at night.

In Central Asia though, we didn’t feel we needed to be particularly vigilant about watching our personal possessions or wary of succumbing to the next scam, rather it was the drivers that had us worried.

We’ve mentioned it a number of times in our guides, but in case you missed it, people in Central Asia drive like maniacs. At first, we thought we were just being paranoid, but after seeing car wreckages strewn alongside the road in some parts and having a driver fall asleep behind the wheel, we knew we had every reason to be concerned. Excessive speeding and overtaking on blind corners are standard practice.

Ultimately though, if you want to travel here, there really isn’t a whole lot you can do about it.

We took the train at every possible opportunity, yelled at drivers to slow down when we felt it necessary and sat as far toward the back of the bus as we could. Other than that, we had to force ourselves to be distracted, looking anywhere but through the windshield.

We decided early on that we could either spend hours uselessly stressing with every erratic swerve and dangerous attempt to overtake, or we could save our nerves and simply look away. Ignorance is bliss and all that.

Kamikaze drivers aside, altitude and temperamental weather in the mountains are probably the next biggest risk. For any hiking expedition, plan an appropriate acclimatisation regime, even if you’re only setting out for a few days, always check the weather and bring appropriate gear for any eventuality. Our 3-day hike in the Tien Shan went from glorious sunshine to a snowstorm in a matter of hours. Don’t be caught out!

Essentials: A Complete Packing Guide To Central Asia

To be honest, we really struggled with the language barrier in Central Asia.

While in Latin America, a crash course in Spanish was enough to send us on our way with a decent understanding of the basics and a solid foundation to get by and build on, trying to decipher a new alphabet, the Russian language and the smorgasbords of local dialects left us completely bamboozled.

Bilingualism is the norm (Russian and their local tongue), though impressively, most locals are able to speak three or more languages and dialects. English is widely spoken in major cities, especially among young people, but in the countryside, don’t expect it at all.

Learning the Cyrillic alphabet is something that will help you greatly on your trip as it’s used everywhere from menus to street signs to bus destinations. It can seem a little overwhelming at first, but with some practice, you’ll quickly get the hang of it.

A solid foundation in Russian will be very useful as it is used through Central Asia, but it’s not strictly essential. Aside from a few key phrases and plenty of charades, we tended to fall back on using a  Russian translation app  as the level of discussion quickly went over our heads.

We also found this Russian for beginners audiobook on Audible, Get Talking Russian in 10 Days , a useful starting point.

New to Audible? Sign up for a free 30-day trial and receive two complimentary audiobooks of your choice.

If it’s any consolation, we found the locals in Central Asia to be so wonderfully friendly that even if we didn’t understand, they’d tend to continue chatting animatedly with us like we did anyway.

Exploring Samarkand, The Magnificent Ancient Kingdom Of Uzbekistan’s Silk Road

A Short Guide To Bukhara | Uzbekistan’s Holiest City

Our Complete Central Asia Itinerary

Things To Do In Nur-Sultan: Kazakhstan’s City of Lights

The Best Things To Do In Dushanbe | 24 Hours In Tajikistan’s Capital

Border Crossing: Dushanbe to Samarkand via Denau

The Ultimate Packing Guide For Central Asia

Climbing Lenin Peak: The Mountain, The Mystique and The Very Misleading

A Quick Guide To The Visas You’ll Need For Central Asia

A Complete Guide To Charyn Canyon | Kazakhstan’s Mini Grand Canyon

The Best Things To Do In Almaty | Kazakhstan

Kolsai Lakes and Lake Kaindy: Everything You Need To Know To Plan Your Trip

10 comments.

Central Asia has been high on my “must visit” list ever since I first met someone from Uzbekistan and they told me all about their homeland. I’ve got a sabbatical coming up – my itinerary is already filling up but I would love to squeeze in a month in the region!

That sounds like a perfect way to fill up your break, Carly 🙂 In a month you can cover quite a lot of ground. Happy travels!

This is the most comprehensive guide for Central Asia which I’ve read in a while, Freya. It is definitely a great beginner’s guide for everyone planning to travel there for the first time. Staying in a traditional yurt when exploring Central Asia seems like an awesome idea!

Thanks so much Agness. Staying in a yurt in Central Asia is definitely a must!

Excellent!! I’ve been looking for the guide to the Stans. Thank you so much for all of the information you shared. I’m planning to visit Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan in September for about a month..

Thanks so much Julian, we’re glad the guides have been helpful. Sounds like it will be a fantastic trip!

Loved your site! Interesting and practical!

Thanks so much, Rosa!

Love the idea of taking the train for comfort and more quiet option. Would love to visit more of this side of the world hopefully by next year. Great read!

Thanks, Sharon! Fingers crossed you’ll be able to travel there soon 🙂

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Post comment

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed .

The best sights of Central Asia

Book your individual trip , stress-free with local travel experts

• roughguides.com
• the-best-sights-of-central-asia

Plan your tailor-made trip with a local expert

Book securely with money-back guarantee

Travel stress-free with local assistance and 24/7 support

written by Owen Morton

updated 07.10.2020

It hasn’t been long since the fantastic sights of Central Asia were hidden behind a barricade of expensive and convoluted visa-application procedures, compounded by a general perception that these were difficult and even dangerous countries in which to travel. In recent years, however, the local authorities have sought to open up to tourists, visas have been simplified – or even abolished – and word is spreading of the rewards of travelling to this relatively unexplored region.

Best for architecture and history: Uzbekistan

Best for culture: kyrgyzstan, best for hiking: tajikistan, best for the bizarre: turkmenistan, best all-rounder: kazakhstan.

In this article, we’ll be looking at the top sights of each ’stan – that’s Kazakhstan , Uzbekistan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan and Turkmenistan – and working out which of these fascinating ex-Soviet republics would suit your travel style best.

Tailor-made travel itineraries for Kazakhstan, created by local experts

10 days  / from 1450 USD

Highlights of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan

Discover the highlights of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan on this compact trip. Explore part of the Uzbek Golden Triangle with Bukhara and Samarkand before heading to the cosmopolitan city of Almaty. The Kazakh capital awaits with plenty of adventures in the surroundings.

21 days  / from 3955 USD

Along The Great Silk Road

Explore all the highlights of Central Asia: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan await you in this 3 weeks trip. Learn about the history, enjoy breathtaking nature and experience local traditions and culture. It's time to discover the Silk Road with an expert guide!

If there’s such a thing as a popular perception of Central Asia, it’s probably Uzbekistan – and more specifically, the Registan in the Silk Road city of Samarkand. Described in the 19th century by Lord Curzon as “the noblest public square in the world”, the beautiful ensemble of madrassahs in Samarkand – bedecked with intricate tilework, blue domes gleaming in the sunlight – takes the undisputed number one position in any list of Uzbekistan’s top sights.

Samarkand is an ancient city – it was already perhaps half a millennium old when it was conquered by Alexander the Great in 329 BC. Its golden age came in the 14th century, when it became the capital of the empire-builder Tamerlane, who awarded himself the immodest title Conqueror of the World. Tamerlane and his successors transformed the city, building the Registan and many other stunning landmarks, including the Bibi Khanum Mosque, the Shah-i-Zinda necropolis, and Tamerlane’s own mausoleum, the elegant Gur Amir.

Elsewhere in the country – particularly Bukhara and Khiva – you’ll find further examples of gorgeous Islamic buildings, largely restored to their former glories by the Soviets and well-maintained by the current government. With this wealth of world-beating mosques, madrassahs and mausoleums , Uzbekistan is a strong choice for Central Asian leader in architecture and history.

Gur-E Amir Mausoleum, the tomb of the Asian conqueror Tamerlane, Samarkand, Uzbekistan © NICOLA MESSANA PHOTOS/Shutterstock

The first of the ’stans to embrace tourism, Kyrgyzstan is a largely mountainous republic known for its welcoming people. The Kyrgyz have a strong nomadic tradition , and visitors to the country are advised to familiarize themselves with this remarkable culture by spending a night or two in a yurt camp . These iconic circular tents are surprisingly spacious, as well as being both sturdy and warm – essentials when high up in the Tian Shan or Pamir mountains .

Staying in a yurt camp, you’ll have the opportunity to experience a number of nomadic traditions: this will certainly include horse-riding, but may also extend to traditional music performances or witnessing a game of kokburu – essentially polo played with a goat carcass. In the evening, you can try delicious Kyrgyz dishes such as manty (mutton dumplings) or besh barmak (noodles and mutton in sauce) – all washed down with koumiss, a fizzy drink made from fermented mare’s milk. When in Rome…

Kyrgyzstan’s nomadic culture is an undoubted highlight of a trip to Central Asia, and makes for a unique and hugely memorable experience. If you’re looking for somewhere to immerse yourself in a whole new way of life, Kyrgyzstan is definitely the country for you.

Yurts in a nomad village in Tash-Rabat in Kyrgyzstan © Nomad1988/Shutterstock

Tajikistan’s transition from Soviet republic to independence was marred by a civil war, which rendered the country unsafe for much of the 1990s. Perhaps as a result, tourism remains in its infancy here – though much progress has been made in recent years, and Tajikistan is now regarded as an emerging destination. The country certainly has much to offer: visitors can explore the ruins of Penjikent , an ancient city destroyed by Arab invaders in the 8th century, or marvel at the magnificent Kok Gumbaz Madrassah in the town of Istaravshan .

But where Tajikistan truly dominates is in its trekking opportunities : being home to two mountain ranges – the Pamirs and the Fann – there are trails here for all abilities, amid stunning and unspoilt scenery. Those wanting a reasonably short (but still spectacular) hike should consider the Seven Lakes region in the gorgeous Fann Mountains, while trekkers in search of multi-day adventures need look no further than the starkly beautiful Pamirs.

Still largely undiscovered by tourists , yet stunningly scenic, Tajikistan’s mountain ranges offer by far the best trekking to be found in Central Asia. If you’re itching to get your hiking boots on, you’ll find few better destinations.

Fann mountains in Pamir, Tajikistan © Galyna Andrushko/Shutterstock

The dark horse of the ’stans – literally. Turkmenistan is famed for its horses , particularly the hardy Akhal-Tepe breed that has adapted to the country’s harsh desert conditions. These remarkable creatures take pride of place on Turkmenistan’s coat of arms; there’s a glitzy golden statue of a horse in the capital city, Ashgabat; and the country celebrates National Horse Day every April. The president, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov, considers himself a master jockey and regularly competes in races. Quelle surprise, he usually wins, and if he doesn’t, it’s not unknown for him to make it illegal to watch footage of his defeat.

So far, so eccentric, but Turkmenistan doesn’t stop there. Its post-Soviet history has seen it follow an isolationist path, led by megalomaniacal dictators who have embarked on extravagant building projects which have converted Ashgabat into a gleaming city of white marble and gold, punctuated by elaborate sculptures and statues of historic Turkmen heroes. Meanwhile, outside the capital, the country is mostly covered by the Karakum Desert – in the middle of which sits the Darvaza Crater , a continually burning gas field which has been dubbed the Gateway to Hell.

If an enormous white city and the world’s biggest fire pit aren’t enough to entice you, other options to add to the mix include Kugitang Nature Reserve (where you’ll find the world’s longest trail of dinosaur footprints ) and the Kow Ata Cave (which is 200m underground and is home to both an enormous bat colony and a sulphurous lake regarded as a great place for swimming). With all this and more, Turkmenistan is without question the most offbeat destination in Central Asia – and perhaps the world.

Statues around monument of independence in Ashgabat, capital city of Turkmenistan © Michal Knitl/Shutterstock

Related articles from the blog

Kazakhstan may be the ninth-largest country in the world, but it keeps something of a low profile – it’s perhaps best known as the alleged home country of Sacha Baron Cohen’s Borat character. That’s a shame, as it has a great deal to offer the visitor, especially one who wishes to gain a taste of the all-round flavour of Central Asia.

Those interested in the magnificent Islamic architecture and culture popularized by Uzbekistan should pay a visit to the gorgeous Khoja Ahmad Yasawi Mausoleum in the town of Turkestan , while the futuristic architecture of the capital city of Nur-Sultan is a worthy companion to that of Turkmenistan’s Ashgabat. Ethnically, Kazakhs are closely related to Kyrgyz and they share a nomadic tradition, so it’s possible here to experience this fascinating culture; and for those who wish to get their hiking boots on, Kazakhstan is home to mountain scenery just as inspiring as that in Tajikistan – try routes around the Turquoise Lake in the Tien Shan mountains .

But don’t go thinking Kazakhstan has nothing of its own to offer: the former capital of Almaty is a great place to experience the region’s Russian legacy , as well as being temptingly close to the largest ski resort in Central Asia. Further afield, the Charyn Canyon is an impressive, if smaller-scale, take on the Grand Canyon; and if you venture far into Kazakhstan’s remote west, it’s possible to visit Baikonur Cosmodrome – the launch site of Yuri Gagarin’s historic space flight.

Encapsulating the best of Central Asia in one tidy if vast package, Kazakhstan is a great choice for travellers looking for a diverse introduction to this fascinating region.

Charyn Canyon in South East Kazakhstan © Lukas Bischoff Photograph/Shutterstock

So… have you decided which ‘stan is for you?

Top image: Ancient town of Itchan Kala. Khiva, Uzbekistan © Dudarev Mikhail/Shutterstock

Owen Morton is never happier than when exploring new places, with a particular fondness for wandering the former Soviet world and the Middle East. He is the author of the upcoming Rough Guide to Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, and has written for Rough Guides' Make the Most of Your Time on Earth compilation, as well as regular contributions to the Rough Guides and Insight Guides blogs. When not exploring the world, he entertains himself by writing a blog about 1980s cartoons. His favourite animal is the wonderfully expressive and permanently furious manul. Follow him on Instagram at @owenmortonmanul .

• History Culture Heritage
• Architecture
• Turkmenistan
• Inspiration
• See & Do

Planning your own trip? Prepare for your trip

Use Rough Guides' trusted partners for great rates

Find even more inspiration here

Ready to travel and discover kazakhstan, get support from our local experts for stress-free planning & worry-free travels.

Top 10 Places to See in Central Asia

Top ten places to see in central asia:.

#1 The cities of Uzbekistan’s ancient Silk Road – Samarkand , Bukhara , Khiva

#2 song kul – an alpine lake surrounded by lush summer pasture in kyrgyzstan, #3 the pamir highway traversing tajikistan, #4 darvaza – the gas crater also known as the “gate of hell”, turkmenistan, #5 issyk kul –  mountain lake located in kyrgyzstan, #6 astana- the modern capital of kazakhstan, #7 the turquoise lakes and world-class trekking in tajikistan’s fann mountains , #8 charyn canyon in kazakhstan, #9  ashgabat in turkmenistan – home to several guinness records for architectural achievements, #10 the tian shan mountains in kyrgyzstan.

To see the top 10 places in three weeks take a look at our Best of Central Asia Tour .

sightseeing

Kalpak Travel

Central Asia

Central Asia - Nowruz

Hrmm. Looks like you're using an older browser, which means some site features may not work they way they should. For the full gadventures.com experience, we recommend upgrading to the most recent version of your browser . It's worth it! Honest!

View all tours

North America

Central america & caribbean, south america, north africa & middle east.

Few travellers make it to this icy continent, but the lucky ones who do get to explore a frozen Eden ruled by the elements and teeming with wildlife.

G Adventures Land

G adventures sailing & cruises, g adventures private travel.

Whether it’s a family retreat or a girls trip, you can surround yourself with a hand-picked crew and customize a tour that fits you all perfectly.

The Geluxe Collection

Our new line of premium active adventures is officially here. With perfectly paced itineraries, one-of-a-kind accommodations and elevated dining, this is adventure at its finest.

National Geographic Journeys

Go deeper into the cultures and habitats of the places we explore. More is included and you’ll enjoy greater hands-on exploration, interactions with local experts, and freedom to roam.

National Geographic Family Journeys

Are you an adventure-loving family in search of meaningful ways to discover the world together? These tours are specially designed for travellers seven and up and their inquisitive families.

Jane Goodall Collection

Step deeper into the animal kingdom while respecting all of its inhabitants. Our incredible collection of wildlife-focused tours is endorsed by the world-renowned ethologist.

Roamies by Hostelworld

The thrill of adventure. The awesomeness of hostels. Get ‘em both on these immersive small group trips for 18 to 35-year-old travellers.

Why choose us

As the leader in small group travel for 30 years, we know how to do it right: flexible itineraries, freedom to roam, safety, peace of mind, and locally based guides.

Change the world just by having the time of your life. When you travel with us, you become a force for good by acting responsibly and creating positive impact.

Together with our non-profit partner, Planeterra, we ensure local communities touched by our tours benefit from our visits in as many ways possible.

Trees for Days

Leave your destination even greener than you found it! For every day on tour, we’ll plant a tree in your honour and ensure that our forests get to live their best lives.

Travel resources

Last minute deals.

Looking to have the time of your life in the next 90 days or so? You can save big if you’re ready to book now.

Loyalty discount

Back home from a G Adventures tour? Submit a quick trip evaluation to save 5% on your next tour with us.

Student discount

Got proof that you’re pursuing higher learning? Then we’ve got a travel voucher with your name on it.

All travel deals

New ways to save pop up all the time. Here’s where you’ll find every hot deal in one easy place.

Travelling in Central Asia: What to expect

Thinking of travelling to central asia join travel blogger nellie huang as she breaks down her top tips for preparing for the adventure..

Stretching across the harsh landscapes between Europe and the Far East is the remote and largely unknown region of Central Asia — also affectionately known as the ’Stans. Back in the heyday of the Silk Road trade route, this region attracted many famous explorers, including the world’s first professional traveller, Marco Polo. Today, the overland odyssey continues to draw in curious travellers from all over the world.

For those who want to go off the conventional trail, travelling in Central Asia can be fulfilling and daunting in so many ways. Travelling here often involves crossing vast distances and challenging terrain like deserts, mountain passes and seas. As if the distance is not intimidating enough, almost all the countries in Central Asia require you to have visas, so crossing this many borders means you’ll be facing a mountain of red tape.

Planning is indeed key, but it’s also important to get yourself mentally prepared for the journey ahead of you. Oh, and don’t forget to bring your sense of adventure!

Highlights of Central Asia

Using the word “epic” to describe this famous route is an understatement, as Central Asia covers a large number of magnificent sights across very distinctive cultures. It’s hard to pick the best, but here are some of the most popular in the region:

• Kyrgyzstan’s Song-kul Lake where you can horseback ride and stay with nomadic locals

• Tian Shan Mountains in Kazakhstan — great for hiking

• Livestock market in Taraz, Kazakhstan, where hundreds of cattle and sheep are on sale

• Darvaza gas craters in the middle of the Karakom Desert in Turkmenistan

• Ashgabat — the bizarre and quirky white marble capital city of Turkmenistan

• Ancient medressas (Islamic schools) of Bukhara, Samarkand and Khiva in Uzbekistan

• Pamir Mountains running from the border of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan down to Afghanistan

Challenges in Central Asia

Central Asia is generally a safe part of the world to visit, but there are pockets of the region that may be unstable and unsafe to visit during certain times, so always keep an eye on the news and your country’s foreign advisory to keep abreast of the latest happenings. In general, I felt very safe throughout the region and didn’t once encounter any moment whereby my safety was threatened.

No specific vaccinations are officially required for travel in Central Asia but check with your doctor before travelling. Bring a proper first-aid kit with basic medication for headaches, diarrhea, stomach bugs and infections. Always be prepared as you might always encounter problems finding a pharmacy on the way.

Visas and red tape

Ever since the Soviet days, Central Asia has been tucked behind the Iron Curtain, hidden amidst layers of bureaucracy and red tape. Almost every country in this region requires visas for access and it can be a tedious and expensive process. The ever-changing rules for visa applications in Central Asian nations make it a bit daunting — but don’t let that deter you from travelling here.

In general, it’s recommended that you start applying for your visas at least two months before your trip (you can usually apply up to three months in advance), depending on the number of countries you intend to visit.

To save some time and pain, consider using the services of an external visa service provider to help you do all the legwork. They charge an administration fee for each visa they help you apply for, but considering all the time they can save for you, it’s worthwhile.

Most of Central Asia is covered with deserts and mountains, so expect extreme weather; scorching summers and deadly winters. Spring and autumn (May and September) are the best seasons to visit, as temperatures are milder and conditions not as harsh.

From October to March, some of the mountain passes, such as Torugart Pass, may be closed. Ramadan is a religious holiday largely celebrated in Central Asia by way of fasting, so be aware of that when visiting.

Where to stay

In general, Central Asia is great for budget travellers as it’s cheap and there are lots of hostels and eateries. Budget hotels usually range from USD $20.00 to $40.00 per night for a double room, while luxury hotels can go for as high as USD $200.00 to $300.00 a night.

Uzbekistan, in particular, has a more developed tourism infrastructure than the other countries in the region, and you can easily find good quality guesthouses as cheap as USD $15.00 a night with proper facilities and good location.

Community-based tourism is rather popular and easily accessible in Kyrgyzstan. It’s a great way to stay with locals, get to know their culture and travel on the cheap. You can arrange homestays with families, bike tours with a local guide, horse treks with nomads or yurt experiences. A great resource is CBT Kyrgyzstan where you can contact the CBT office in each region directly.

Campsites are not common along the Silk Road, although you can usually bush camp out in the fields, deserts and even vineyards.

Foods to try

The cuisine in Central Asia is limited to a few dishes that can be widely found throughout the region. They include plov , fragrant rice fried with chicken and topped with saffron and pine nuts; shish kebab or meat skewers; lakhman , or Chinese noodles. Expect lots of mutton and grilled meat. Note: vegetarians might find it difficult and should bring supplements.

Money to bring

The money situation is a bit trickier than you might expect. You can use your Visa card in most banks and ATMs, but few places in Central Asia accept Mastercard. The best country to get cash is Kyrgyzstan, where you can withdraw in both the Kyrgyzstani Som and U.S. dollars.

In Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, there are black markets with competitive rates, which make exchanging currencies more worthwhile than withdrawing cash. I have a habit of withdrawing money at my destination, but this time round I brought a substantial amount of USD to exchange there.

People to meet

Central Asia is home to some of the friendliest people I’ve ever met in the world. I lost count of the number of times I was invited into someone’s house for tea. Locals here are extremely hospitable and tend always to go out of their way to welcome foreigners.

In Kazakhstan, a man we met at the livestock market invited our whole group of travellers to his house and introduced us to his family. His wife served us freshly baked buns and warm tea while he regaled us with stories using sign language. It was such a heartwarming and welcoming experience.

I also remember approaching a group of girls in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, to ask for directions, who were so friendly they actually stayed with me, showed me around their city and brought me to an awesome local restaurant for dinner. I gave them my contact number and today we still keep in touch.

Tips to consider

• Many countries in Central Asia will only issue visas for entry on specific dates (e.g., Turkmenistan) so it is best to confirm your travel dates before applying for the visa.

• The capital of Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, is a good place to fly into if you’re travelling from Europe, as flights are reasonably cheap and no visa is required for most people.

• The majority of Central Asians are Muslims. All visitors to the region should dress modestly, and women should wear a headscarf when entering places of worship.

• Read up on local etiquette. For instance, in many Central Asian countries you will be expected to remove your shoes before entering a house.

Article originally published on April 14, 2016.

Getting There

G Adventures runs a number of departures in Central Asia encompassing a wide range of departure dates and activities to cater to different tastes.

Read more from

Capturing patagonia: an analog film adventure, by haramar kandola.

Steeple-like peaks, turquoise lagoons, contemplative moments at camp — our very own Haramar Kandola shares analog snaps from Torres del Paine

5 ways solo travel helps you meet new people

By g adventures.

See how small group tours like National Geographic Journeys with G Adventures help spark lasting connections

6 best places to propose for a unique engagement

By jessica moy.

From glowworm caves to snow monkey parks, discover our best destinations to pop the question

Going solo: how to travel the world on your own

See how small group tours pave the way for incredible solo adventures (especially for women!)

Mexican street food: a beginner's guide

By richard kitzinger.

One frequent (but first-time Mexico) traveller takes a crash course to prep for a Classic Mexico Adventure

Delete post?

Note: If you only want to remove this post from public view, you can choose to unpublish it instead.

• Traveller Account

When is the Best Time to Visit Central Asia? A Seasonal Guide by Minzifa Travel

Spring in Central Asia

Spring, from March to May, is an excellent time to visit Central Asia . The weather is mild and pleasant, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities such as hiking and exploring the cities. The flowers and trees are in full bloom, adding a touch of beauty to the landscape. During this season, you can also witness several traditional festivals such as Navruz, which celebrates the Persian New Year.

Summer in Central Asia

Summer, from June to August, is the peak tourist season in Central Asia. The weather is hot and dry, with long sunny days perfect for sightseeing. This season is also a great time for outdoor activities like trekking and camping in the mountains. The famous Silk Road Festival takes place in July, which is a great opportunity to experience the region’s cultural heritage.

Autumn in Central Asia

Autumn, from September to November, is another excellent time to visit Central Asia. The weather is mild and comfortable, making it an ideal season for exploring the region’s natural beauty. The colorful autumn foliage adds a stunning visual touch to the landscape. During this season, you can witness several cultural events, such as the Almaty Marathon and the Golden Autumn Festival.

Winter in Central Asia

Winter, from December to February, can be extremely cold in Central Asia. However, this season offers its unique charm and attractions, such as skiing in the mountains, ice-skating on frozen lakes, and experiencing the traditional winter festivals. The famous Shab-e-Yalda festival, which celebrates the winter solstice, is a must-see event in Iran.

In conclusion, the best time to visit Central Asia depends on your preference and interests. Each season offers its unique attractions, whether it’s exploring the cities and historical sites, enjoying outdoor activities, or experiencing cultural events and festivals. Contact Minzifa Travel to plan your next Central Asian adventure and make the most of your trip!

Protect Your Trip »

Best places to visit in asia.

From megacities to remote islands, Asia's top travel spots offer a hearty dose of adventure, ancient history and culture. And with most Asian destinations now fully open after years of pandemic restrictions, there has never been a better time to plan a trip. After considering local prices, accessibility and the variety of attractions in each destination, along with traveler feedback, U.S. News ranked the best places to visit in Asia. Contribute to next year's list by casting your vote below.

Sagarmatha National Park

Railay beach, guilin and lijiang river national park.

If your dream vacation involves posting up on a postcard-worthy beach, the Maldives is for you. This far-flung destination, which is located about 370 miles from civilization in the Indian Ocean, is made up of more than 1,100 idyllic islands (roughly 200 of which are inhabited). The Maldives feature lush tropical landscapes, unparalleled white sand beaches, crystal-clear ocean waters and coral reefs that prompt extensive exploration. The best way to experience this slice of paradise? Stay in one of many overwater bungalows , of course.

Tokyo is as fast-paced as cities come – it's the most populated city in the world, after all. Japan's capital features neon-lit skyscrapers and crowded streets that novice visitors may find dizzying, but its one-of-a-kind offerings can't be missed. Spend days touring quirky museums, exploring fascinating architecture or visiting Odaiba for its premier shopping scene. Or, take in some quieter, more peaceful moments at a holy site like the Meiji Shrine or Sensoji Temple. Tokyo's unrivaled gastronomic landscape (think: sushi, ramen, sky-high cocktail bars and more Michelin darlings than you could hope to visit) also makes it a bucket list destination for foodies.

Phuket, Thailand's elongated beaches and cerulean waters embody a paradise that few other Asian destinations can rival. Besides swimming and relaxing on the beach, visitors can take traditional, wooden longtail boat tours to James Bond Island in Phang Nga Bay to see the surreal limestone rock formations that rise from the sea. The towering Big Buddha statue is also a top attraction, while Phuket's buzzing beach clubs and nightlife options hold appeal for those looking to let loose. What's more, like most destinations in Thailand, travelers can find relatively affordable lodging options here.

This Nepalese national park is famous for housing the behemoth that is Mount Everest, the highest point on earth, and promises a once-in-a-lifetime adventure. However, it is important to know that Sagarmatha is not just Everest. The UNESCO-listed park also offers several other sky-high Himalayan peaks, as well as sweeping valleys, scenic glaciers, deep gorges and incredible wildlife, including snow leopards and red pandas. Just note, seeing the park's top attractions typically requires at least two weeks of trekking, and due to Sagarmatha's high elevation and rocky, steep terrain, a trip here isn't for the faint of heart.

A British colony until 1997, Hong Kong's strong Western influence sets it apart from China's mainland metropolises. Beyond Hong Kong's sleek, towering skyscrapers (best admired from Victoria Peak), visitors can find natural and cultural gems on the more than 250 outlying islands, such as Lantau Island, or shop the city's bustling street markets. Dim sum is a must, but Hong Kong's robust dining scene also offers everything from street food to Michelin-starred fine dining. And when the sun goes down, watch the Symphony of Lights laser show dazzle the skyline along Victoria Harbor.

Tucked among lush mountains in northwest Thailand, Chiang Mai offers a sized-down version of Bangkok's buzz paired with a tranquil culture and natural beauty. Your urban itinerary should include tuk-tuk rides, tours of breathtaking temples like Wat Chedi Luang Varavihara and Wat Phra Singh, trips to night markets and a cooking class to try your hand at pad Thai. Then, step outside of the city walls to visit an ethical elephant sanctuary or two and a wander through beautiful Doi Suthep-Pui National Park.

History lovers and Instagrammers alike will revel in the sites of Kyoto. The city, which used to be Japan's capital until imperial times, is awash with centuries-old shrines and temples, including the gilded Kinkakuji and Fushimi Inari Taisha, a shrine that dates back to A.D. 711. In addition to saving time for religious sites, be sure to visit the famous Philosopher's Path, preferably during cherry blossom season, and the mystical Arashiyama Bamboo Grove. When hunger strikes, treat yourself to kaiseki: a traditional multicourse meal native to Japan. For another essential Japanese experience, stay at one of the many ryokans (traditional Japanese inns) in Kyoto. 

From the moment you touchdown at Singapore Changi Airport (a tourist destination in itself), Singapore shows off its futuristic embellishment. But this Southeast Asia jewel is also unique for its amalgamation of cultures. This fusion takes form in the city's colorful neighborhoods, eclectic culinary scene and overall modern atmosphere. After shopping on flashy Orchard Road and chowing down in cultural enclaves like Little India or Chinatown, head downtown to take in the towering skyscrapers from Merlion Park, the Singapore Flyer or the sky-high Gardens by the Bay.

The island nation of Sri Lanka, located off the southern tip of India, boasts rainforests, beaches and ruins without the tourist crowds of other popular Asian destinations. Despite its small footprint, Sri Lanka features 26 national parks, many of which are ideal for a safari excursion to encounter elephants, leopards and sloth bears. Meanwhile, ancient sites like Sigiriya, a 600-foot-high fortress, and the temples of Polonnaruwa hold their own appeal, and the palm-fringed golden beaches that line the shores are never too far away for those seeking a more laid-back vacation.

Hanoi is perfect for first-time Vietnam visitors, with tranquil lakes offsetting its fast-paced bustle and darting motorbikes. The country's capital offers plenty in the way of history, culture, shopping, dining and natural splendor. Start your day off with a Vietnamese coffee, then head to Hanoi's central Old Quarter for a stroll through the many narrow, colorful streets and a taste of mouthwatering street food. After that, check out one of the city's many temples, including the ancient Temple of Literature, which dates back to the 11th century, or head to the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, a must-visit for history buffs.

Bali's natural beauty is so profound, travelers have been known to refer to the Indonesian destination as "heaven on Earth." Here, lush rainforests, picturesque mountains, sweeping valleys and scenic beaches all sit side by side. You'll also find a handful of serene temples in this Southeast Asia hot spot, including Uluwatu and Tanah Lot temples – both excellent places to catch a sunset. And no first-time trip to Bali would be complete without on a visit to Ubud, Bali's cultural capital and home of the region's famous rice terraces.

Whether you visit in spring (for cherry blossoms), summer (for climbing), autumn (for foliage) or winter (for nearby ski resorts), Japan's highest peak and imposing attraction is sure to capture your attention. Mount Fuji lies about 60 miles southwest of Tokyo, perfect for a daytrip from the city or a glimpse from a train ride, but this active volcano is also worthy of deeper exploration. Base yourself in the Fuji Five Lakes area to enjoy picture-perfect views at Arakurayama Sengen Park or from one of Lake Kawaguchiko's onsens (hot springs), and don't leave without sampling local hoto noodles.  

If you only have time to go to one beach in Thailand, make it Railay Beach, one of the world's most beautiful beaches . Located in the country's Krabi province, Railay Beach features glistening white sands and is surrounded by limestone rock formations (covered in leafy green vegetation) that jut out from the sea. If you're feeling adventurous, explore the area's natural wonders with a rock climbing excursion or go for a nighttime kayak trip to see bioluminescent plankton. As if this beach destination couldn't get more alluring, you're only able to reach it by boat. Daytrips from nearby Ao Nang are popular among travelers.

Siem Reap is the home of Angkor Wat, an ornate Buddhist temple built in the 12th century that is believed to be the largest religious monument in the world. The impressive landmark is just one of many must-sees within Cambodia's UNESCO World Heritage Site of Angkor. The complex also includes the equally detailed Angkor Thom and Ta Prohm Temple. Because of the immense popularity of Angkor (the site receives millions of visitors per year), you may want to travel during a shoulder month like March or November to avoid bumping elbows with fellow travelers.

Travel to the capital of Indian state Rajasthan to marvel at the "Pink City's" incredible architecture. Hawa Mahal, a pink sandstone palace that was modeled after Hindu god Krishna's crown, is Jaipur's biggest claim to fame. The property's astounding 953 honeycomb-patterned windows allowed the original ladies of the royal family to view the comings and goings of the Indian city without being seen. Other structures worth seeing are the Jaigarh Fort, Panna Meena ka Kund and Jantar Mantar, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that displays larger-than-life astronomical instruments.

Thailand's capital city is filled to the brim with eye-catching Hindu sites, nonstop nightlife and incredible Thai cuisine. Sacred sites like Wat Arun and Wat Pho are pockets of calm amidst Bangkok's skyscrapers. Shoppers can enjoy the Chatuchak Weekend Market, one of the world's largest street markets, or venture to one of the floating markets located outside the city. While in Bangkok, grab as much grub as possible from the street stalls, and at night, you won't want to miss the lofty views from one of the many rooftop bars.

This national park is so loved and respected, its image is featured on China's paper currency. Guilin and Lijiang River National Park is located in the Guangxi region in the southeastern part of China. The Lijiang River runs about 50 miles from Guilin to Yangshuo, passing stunning landscapes and towering green karsts (eroded limestone) along the way. The best way to take in the otherworldly scenery is by boat cruise, though you may want to splurge on a luxury option since the trip can take up to five hours. Tourists who prefer to travel on their own time can also hike or bike along the river.

Vote to Add these Destinations to the Rankings

Luang Prabang

Kuala Lumpur

You may be interested in.

Best Places to Visit in Thailand

Best Places to Visit in Japan

Australia & The Pacific

Best Places to Visit in Australia and The Pacific in 2023

Africa & The Middle East

Best Places to Visit in Africa in 2023

Central & South America

Best Places to Visit in Central and South America in 2023

World's Best Places to Visit for 2023-2024

If you make a purchase from our site, we may earn a commission. This does not affect the quality or independence of our editorial content.

Recommended

The 28 Best Water Parks in the U.S. for 2024

Holly Johnson|Timothy J. Forster May 8, 2024

The 18 Best Napa Valley Wineries to Visit in 2024

Lyn Mettler|Sharael Kolberg April 23, 2024

The 25 Best Beaches on the East Coast for 2024

Timothy J. Forster|Sharael Kolberg April 19, 2024

The 50 Best Hotels in the USA 2024

Christina Maggitas February 6, 2024

The 32 Most Famous Landmarks in the World

Gwen Pratesi|Timothy J. Forster February 1, 2024

9 Top All-Inclusive Resorts in Florida for 2024

Gwen Pratesi|Amanda Norcross January 5, 2024

24 Top All-Inclusive Resorts in the U.S. for 2024

Erin Evans January 4, 2024

26 Top Adults-Only All-Inclusive Resorts for 2024

Zach Watson December 28, 2023

Solo Vacations: The 36 Best Places to Travel Alone in 2024

Lyn Mettler|Erin Vasta December 22, 2023

26 Cheap Beach Vacations for Travelers on a Budget

Kyle McCarthy|Sharael Kolberg December 4, 2023

AZ Animals (US)

Discover the 4 Most Visited Countries in Asia

Posted: January 29, 2024 | Last updated: February 13, 2024

Asia is made up of several countries. However, some stand out when it comes to tourism. The top four most visited countries in Asia all have millions of visitors on average, with the lowest being close to 30 million and the highest over double that.

If you want to learn more about the most popular countries in Asia to visit, how many visitors they get a year, and why they are so popular, continue reading.

What Countries Are Considered Asian?

Generally, countries are grouped up by continents. However, when it comes to islands and outlying areas, it's not always easy to tell. Looking at a map doesn't help much unless you know where the tectonic plates that separate continents are.

There are a total of 48 countries in Asia . Because there are so many, people generally break them up into sections such as Southern Asia, Eastern Asia, South-Eastern Asia, Western Asia, and Central Asia.

Southern Asia

There are a total of nine Asian countries that are considered a part of Southern Asia.

The nine countries are:

• Afghanistan

Eastern Asia

Eastern Asia contains some of the more arguably developed and well-known Asian countries.

There are five countries classed under Eastern Asia:

• South Korea
• North Korea

South-Eastern Asia

South-Eastern Asian countries are fairly well known, though arguably not as developed.

There are 11 of these countries:

• Phillippines
• Timor-Leste

Western Asia

Western Asia is made up of the most countries, compared to the other sections of Asia.

There are a total of 18 Western Asian Countries:

• Saudi Arabia
• United Arab Emirates
• State of Palestine

Central Asia

Central Asia is a little more unknown. Part of this may be the similarity in the names, especially the ending of the names of the countries.

There are five Central Asian countries:

• Turkmenistan

The 4 Most Visited Countries in Asia

Now that you know all of the countries in Asia, take a look at which ones are visited the most every year.

Love Animals as much as we do? Make sure to Follow and Like us on MSN. Have feedback? Add a comment below!

The fourth most-visited Asian country is the islands of Japan. On average, it was getting a little over 30 million visitors a year, with the number steadily increasing. Unfortunately, their progress was halted in 2019, and they haven't managed to reach 30 million visitors since then.

For post-COVID numbers, Japan hasn't been doing too bad. In 2023, right after the country opened up, Japan managed to reach 25 million tourists. This is roughly 79 percent of pre-COVID tourism, which is a bit better than they expected.

This didn't upset the Japanese government too much, which was happy to note that while tourism numbers weren't up to pre-COVID numbers, the income earned from tourists was up 10 percent higher. Japan expects to beat its 2019 tourism record in 2025.

3. Thailand

Thailand is in third place for tourism, only slightly beating out Japan on average. In 2018, Thailand had 38.2 million visitors. In 2019, there were 39.8 million.

Unfortunately, COVID hit Thailand hard. When the country fully opened back up in 2023, it didn't get the numbers it expected. Instead of 35 million people or more, there were only 24.5 million tourists.

Though the number difference is quite staggering, it's about what the country expected. They'd hoped to get somewhere between 25 and 30 million and were quite close to this number.

The government suspects that they'll reach pre-COVID numbers within the next few years. More importantly, they're expecting to get tourism revenue that matches pre-COVID amounts by the end of 2024.

Turkey is up for some heavy debate. Though it is usually considered an Asian country, it crosses into both continents. A large majority of the country is in Asia, which is why most people consider it Asian.

However, if you look at other lists to do with tourism, you'll often find that Turkey is included in Europe's lists.

For ease and consistency, this article includes Turkey in Asia. However, if you don't agree, you're free to skip right on ahead to number one on this list and pretend Turkey was never here.

Turkey has an average annual tourism of around 50 million people. During COVID, the numbers dropped down to between 17 and 30 million. In 2022 and beyond, the numbers jumped right back up to the 50 million mark. It's safe to say that Turkey is still doing fine, and earns its place on this list.

Russia is technically another country that is in both Europe and Asia, and you'll see it on many Asian maps. However, it's more often considered to be European than Asian, unlike Turkey.

For many years, China has topped the charts for most tourists, ranking closely with countries like the US, Spain, and France. In 2018, it had over 62.9 million international visitors. In 2019, it was up to 65.7 million.

Unfortunately, with COVID, the number of visitors to China dropped dramatically. Even by 2023, the number was only 35.5 million.

While that's a pretty dramatic drop, it's actually a good sign for China. It may be roughly half of the visitors pre-COVID, but it's seven times higher than the number of tourists in 2022.

It remains to be seen whether China can get back on track and stay at the top for tourism when compared to other Asian countries. Based on the increase in one year alone, though, it's looking good.

• Discover the 10 Most Visited Countries in Europe
• Discover the Top 10 Cheapest Countries in Asia
• The 75 Most Iconic Places Around the World – In Alphabetical Order by Continent!

More for You

Miss Teen USA resigns two days after Miss USA: ‘My personal values no longer fully align’

Powerful rare solar storm to hit Earth today and could ‘wipe out the internet’

Tornadoes tear across Florida while enormous hail pounds Texas

18 Cat Myths That Aren’t True But Everyone Believes

An AI Photo of Katy Perry at the Met Went Viral and Fooled Everyone

Here are 7 of the best foods for high blood pressure

Here's How Fast A T-38 Jet Can Go After Its Afterburner Is Initiated

22 Movies So Intense We Never Want to Watch Them Again

The world's 9th biggest country is an undiscovered marvel with 'jaw-dropping' scenery

Hall of Famer Jimmy Johnson, longtime 49ers DB, dies at 86

The Top 10 Friendliest Wild Animals on Earth

This type of supplement may increase heart disease risk, new study finds

20 Best Sandwiches in America You Need to Try At Least Once

Jeff Bridges, Dave Bautista, Bryan Cranston, Sam Elliott & More Set For Live-Action ‘Grendel' Movie

Lithuania defies Russia and launches missiles

The 50 best Netflix original series of all time, according to fans

Better As Friends: 25 Famous Platonic Friendships We Love

The ripeness of a banana could affect your health

25 Fun Dog Facts

18 Countries You Probably Haven’t Heard of But Should Visit ASAP

UK Edition Change

• UK Politics
• News Videos
• Paris 2024 Olympics
• Rugby Union
• Sport Videos
• John Rentoul
• Mary Dejevsky
• Andrew Grice
• Sean O’Grady
• Photography
• Theatre & Dance
• Culture Videos
• Fitness & Wellbeing
• Food & Drink
• Health & Families
• Royal Family
• Electric Vehicles
• Car Insurance Deals
• Lifestyle Videos
• UK Hotel Reviews
• News & Advice
• Simon Calder
• Australia & New Zealand
• South America
• C. America & Caribbean
• Middle East
• Politics Explained
• News Analysis
• Today’s Edition
• Home & Garden
• Broadband deals
• Fashion & Beauty
• Travel & Outdoors
• Sports & Fitness
• Sustainable Living
• Climate Videos
• Solar Panels
• Behind The Headlines
• On The Ground
• Decomplicated
• You Ask The Questions
• Binge Watch
• Travel Smart
• Watch on your TV
• Crosswords & Puzzles
• Most Commented
• Newsletters
• Ask Me Anything
• Virtual Events
• Betting Sites
• Online Casinos
• Wine Offers

Thank you for registering

Please refresh the page or navigate to another page on the site to be automatically logged in Please refresh your browser to be logged in

The Independent's journalism is supported by our readers. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn commission.

The best countries to travel to in Southeast Asia

From indonesia to malaysia, the must-visit destinations on this corner of the continent, article bookmarked.

Find your bookmarks in your Independent Premium section, under my profile

Sign up to Simon Calder’s free travel email for expert advice and money-saving discounts

Get simon calder’s travel email, thanks for signing up to the simon calder’s travel email.

Southeast Asia is a blend of fascinating traditions and cultures, with some of the most incredible temples, palaces and natural sites on the planet.

This region is home to famed attractions, from Angkor Wat to Ha Long Bay, as well as a selection of sprawling cities – including Bangkok , Kuala Lumpur and Singapore – and miles of pristine coastlines around Indonesia and the Philippines.

And though places such as Bangkok and Singapore have seen high numbers of British tourists for decades, other destinations are starting to attract more people, from lesser-known Laos to the neighbouring backpacker favourite of Cambodia .

Whether you’re looking to throw yourself into exploring a city or hop around a handful of serene tropical islands, your options are pentiful in this corner of the world.

Below are Independent Travel’s  picks for the region’s best countries to visit on holiday; read on to start planning your next long-haul getaway.

Thailand has long been a tourist favourite for Brits, whether for travelling youngsters or business people. Its capital, Bangkok (known locally as Krung Thep) was the most visited city in the world for several years in a row before Covid and is just a short journey away from the ancient city of Ayutthaya .

With dozens of famous white-sand beaches around the country (such as Railay and Ko Phi Phi ), as well as several areas of natural beauty (one of the most unique being Khao Sok National Park) and dozens of temples and palaces, Thailand offers anyone visiting the country a diverse mix of sightseeing, city experiences and relaxation – not to mention the nation’s delicious cuisine.

Best time to visit Thailand

With a rainy season falling between July and October, the best time to visit is between November and April, when temperatures are higher (with average highs in the early 30s). May is usually a quieter time to visit, but the sunshine may be interrupted by short rain periods.

Vietnam’s various areas of natural beauty are among the most notable in the region. Ha Long Bay is the country’s most famous natural area, while the beaches of Phu Quoc and the Cham Islands offer equal beauty in different settings. Other natural attractions include the caves of Phong Nha and Hang Son Doong, the Marble Mountains and the sand dunes at Mui Ne.

As for cities, Ho Chi Minh City , Hanoi and Da Nang are the best destinations for those who want to experience Vietnamese ‘hustle and bustle’ (Da Nang also has beach areas), while Hoi An is sometimes referred to as the ‘Venice of Vietnam’ due to its canals and the well-preserved Ancient Town comprised of wooden Chinese shophouses and French colonial buildings.

Best time to visit Vietnam

April and September fall just before and after the high season in Vietnam and also offer less humidity and lower temperatures than at the peak of summer. With weather that can vary quite drastically across the country in different months, these should give the best weather across the board too.

Read more on Asia travel :

• Why you should visit Koh Samui now
• Can Cambodia become Southeast Asia’s sustainable travel capital?
• Celebrating Thailand’s Songkran festival in Chiang Mai

Singapore is a popular destination for British expats, with an estimated 50,000 living there. It’s a country that is almost unlike any other; its urban planning strategy has created a metropolis and enabled almost six million people to live in an area roughly half the size of London.

Despite its diminutive size, the country offers numerous attractions , from its Botanic Gardens (a Unesco world heritage site) and historical and art museums to the Gardens by the Bay , a nature park spanning 101 hectares, and a Universal Studios theme park. It also hosts a Formula 1 race, which takes place in September on the Marina Bay Street Circuit.

Best time to visit Singapore

Singapore has significant rainfall all year, although the country’s dry season falls between February and April, when humidity levels are also at their lowest. Specifically, February and September offer the lowest rainfall and humidity, with average highs of around 31C. September also falls in low season.

By far the largest country in Southeast Asia, Indonesia lies at the southern end of the region and consists of roughly 17,500 islands, including Sumatra and Bali. With so many islands, it’s no surprise that the archipelago contains some of the region’s most attractive areas. Bali in particular is a tourism hotspot, while many of the islands offer tropical rainforests, rugged terrain and even volcanoes (the country sits within the Pacific Ring of Fire and is prone to both eruptions and earthquakes).

Jakarta is the capital and largest city in the country and is located – along with the popular tourist town of Yogyakarta– on the island of Java. Idyllic locations include Lombok and the Raja Ampat islands; Bromo Tengger Semeru and Komodo National Parks offer unreal nature and wildlife-spotting opportunities.

Best time to visit Indonesia

The dry season usually runs from April to October, which is also when the country welcomes the most tourists. If you want to avoid crowds, May and June offer average highs of roughly 31C and over eight hours of sunshine per day.

Malaysia’s culture is an eclectic mix of European, Chinese, Indian and Malay influences, while the country itself is famous for its rainforest, beaches and the capital city of Kuala Lumpur , with the iconic Petronas Twin Towers being one of the country’s most iconic symbols.

Away from the capital, many tourists decide to visit the Malaysian part of Borneo – in the north of the island – where rainforest treks, wildlife viewing and relaxing on the beach are all possible. The Perhentian Islands and Sipadan are two other popular destinations, while nature-lovers flock to the Batu Caves, Mount Kinabalu and the Cameron Highlands.

Best time to visit Malaysia

You can expect fewer crowds from March to June; these months have average temperatures of around 28C, while June is the driest month of the year (though bear in mind you can still expect showers every month).

Philippines

Another archipelago, the Philippines consists of more than 7,000 islands. Under Spanish rule for over 300 years, it is one of the only predominantly Roman Catholic countries in the whole continent and has been widely influenced by Western culture and traditions. For those keen to see its cities, Manila is the capital while Quezon is the largest.

Tropical white-sand beaches are plentiful on the nation’s thousands of isles, while the volcanoes of Mayon and Tail offer dramatic scenery overlooking the water. Other sites include Sigma Lagoon, Pagsanjan Falls and the Batad rice terraces.

Best time to visit the Philippines

The Philippines dry season falls right in the middle of the low season for tourism. The driest months are between January and March, where there is little rainfall and humidity falls to much more tolerable levels. Expect temperatures of up to 24C – and lows of 15C – every day.

Cambodia welcomes visitors eager to learn about its complicated history and experience its mix of Asian and French culture. A largely rural country, only three of its cities are home to over 100,000 people despite the country’s 16 million-strong population. Phnom Penh is the capital and largest city, while Siem Reap is another metropolitan centre that also acts as the gate to Angkor Wat, an ancient temple which today is the largest religious structure in the world.

The country’s islands, such as Koh Rong and Koh Rong Samloem, contain pristine white beaches, sandy coves and coral reefs , and are popular spots for partying too. The Cardamom mountain range stretches over 4.4 million hectares of rainforest through the Southeast and into eastern Thailand, and is home to a vast range of wildlife, including sun bears, elephants and Siamese crocodiles. Tonle Sap lake is the largest in Southeast Asia, with its waters and floodplain home to over three million people and hundreds of different animal species.

Best time to visit Cambodia

Temperatures are at their lowest in the dry season between November and February, but you’ll still see average highs of 30C.

Laos is one of the continent’s smaller countries, and its shared borders – with Vietnam to the east, Thailand to the west and Cambodia to the south – give you an indication of the geography that you’ll find here. Whether you want to go through dense jungle on a cruise along the winding Mekong River, trek through the jagged karst around Vang Vieng or simply relax in the laid-back capital of Vientiane, there’s something to appeal.

Laos’ most important landmark is the Pha That Luang, a golden Buddhist stupa in Vientiane, while the capital’s other highlights include temples like Wat Si Saket and the old quarter. If you have time, visit the peaceful Song River and the town of Vang Vieng, before exploring the Unesco city of Luang Prabang and surrounding nature, including waterfalls, plunge pools and the banks of the Mekong.

Best time to visit Laos

The weather is Laos is best between October and April, when conditions are dry and not too warm. For river cruises, November through to January is best for high water levels, while August is both the wettest and most humid month.

Join our commenting forum

Join thought-provoking conversations, follow other Independent readers and see their replies

Subscribe to Independent Premium to bookmark this article

Want to bookmark your favourite articles and stories to read or reference later? Start your Independent Premium subscription today.

New to The Independent?

Or if you would prefer:

Want an ad-free experience?

Hi {{indy.fullName}}

• My Independent Premium
• Account details
• Help centre

Nomadic Matt's Travel Site

Travel Better, Cheaper, Longer

Southeast Asia Travel Guide

Last Updated: November 27, 2023

Backpackers have been traveling through Southeast Asia since the late 1960s and early 1970s, leaving a well-worn trail around the region.

Starting in beautiful Thailand, the trail makes its way to up-and-coming Laos, through Vietnam, and to the temples of Angkor Wat. It then winds back into Thailand, where people head south to party in the Thai islands before moving down to Malaysia and Singapore.

There are a few variations to the trail, but this is what it mostly covers.

I’ve been visiting this region since 2004 and spent years living in Thailand . I love backpacking Southeast Asia and have written extensively about it as I know it like the back of my hand.

It’s an especially great region for new travelers because it’s easy to travel around, it’s safe, and there are lots of other travelers you can meet. But it’s also perfect for veteran travelers too as there are tons of off-the-beaten-path destinations that the standard backpacker trail doesn’t cover.

In short, Southeast Asia has something for every traveler — and every budget.

This Southeast Asia travel guide will help you travel the region like a pro, ensuring you save money and make the most of your time in this fun, gorgeous, and lively corner of the world.

Table of Contents

• Things to See and Do
• Typical Costs
• Suggested Budget
• Money-Saving Tips
• Where to Stay
• How to Get Around
• How to Stay Safe
• Best Places to Book Your Trip
• Related Blogs on Southeast Asia

Click Here for Country Guides

Top 5 things to see and do in southeast asia.

1. Admire Angkor Wat

One of the greatest human creations in history, the Angkor Wat temple complex is best explored over the course of a few days. The area is a UNESCO World Heritage Site created by the Khmer Empire and absolutely enormous. Temples to visit include Angkor Wat, Bayon Temple which has 216 gigantic stone face carvings, and Ta Prohm. I spent three days here and that simply wasn’t enough. A one-day pass is $37 USD, while a 1-week pass is $72 USD. If you’re here for multiple days, be sure to hire a driver and see some of the more out of the way ruins away from the main temple complex (and the crowds).

2. Explore Bangkok

Bangkok is the hub of travel activity in Southeast Asia. You can get anywhere you want from here. Though I hated it at first, the more I’ve spent time here the more I love it. Bangkok is like an onion whose many layers need to be peeled back. Some things not to miss include the spectacular Bangkok Grand Palace, Wat Pho, Chatuchak Market and Asiatique, and a canal trip on the Chao Phraya River. This is a city for foodies and wild nightlife.

3. Relax on some tropical islands

No visit to Southeast Asia would be complete without a visit to at least one of the thousands of tropical islands in the region. My top five include the Perhentian Islands (Malaysia), Rabbit Island (Cambodia), Ko Lanta (Thailand), and Boracay (Philippines). Lombok Island (Indonesia) has a chill vibe with unspoiled, perfect “desert island” beaches. There’s so many islands to visit. Be sure to add at least one to your trip. The country guides will have more information for you.

4. See Ha Long Bay

Sailing trips to this island-filled bay with stunning emerald waters, limestone formations, and marine life give you an appreciation for the natural beauty in Vietnam. Tours from Hanoi start at around $110 USD for two-day trips and increase from there. I love the colorful grottoes, hanging stalactites, and stalagmites of Surprise Cave (Sung Sot), Fairy Cave (Tien Ong), and Heaven Palace (Thien Cung). Make sure you go with a reputable company though as some of the cheaper boats are less than ideal. If you’d rather just visit for one day, day trips from Hanoi cost $55 USD.

5. Wander Kuala Lumpur

Other things to see and do in southeast asia, 1. go jungle trekking.

This region of the world is covered in amazing jungles with diverse wildlife, plentiful camping opportunities, and cool waterfalls. The best jungle treks are found in northern Thailand, Western Laos, and Malaysian Borneo (the latter are also the hardest and most intense). Some of my favorites include Danum Valley (Borneo) for its incredible wildlife; Ratanakiri (Cambodia) for its pristine wilderness and thousand-year-old trees; and Pu Luong Nature Reserve (Vietnam). Costs vary but jungle trekking generally costs $30-50 USD per day.

2. Attend the Full Moon Party

The biggest one-night party in the world welcomes up to 30,000 people with a party that stretches until dawn. Cover yourself in glow paint, grab a bucket of booze, and dance the night away with new friends on the island of Ko Phangan in Thailand. As the name would suggest, the party is on the night of the full moon. If you miss it, there’s always the half-moon party, quarter-moon party, and black-moon party. Really, every night is a party on Ko Phangan . Just avoid the flaming jump rope that occurs — I’ve seen people get burned badly!

3. Learn to dive

There are many great dive sites around the region for those interested in underwater exploration. You can learn to dive here at a fraction of what it would cost back home too. Some of the best places are Ko Tao (Thailand), Sipadan (Malaysia), as well as Gili Islands (Indonesia) and Coron, Palawan (The Philippines). A typical diving course is completed in three days. A PADI course typically runs $275 USD in Thailand, including three nights’ accommodation, though at smaller schools you can often negotiate down to $250 USD. Day trips for certified divers start at $165 USD. For information on Ko Tao, check out this blog post .

4. Eat street food in Singapore

Singapore is a foodie’s heaven. Try the hawker stalls of Singapore as well as Little India and Chinatown for some of the best and cheapest food in Asia. If you’re looking for a nice place to sit down and eat, eat at Singapore’s famed restaurants during lunch when restaurants offer discounts, making them a great deal. You’ll also find the most affordable Michelin-starred restaurants here (Tian Tian Hainanese Chicken Rice and Hawker Chan), offering world-class meals for just a couple of bucks!

5. Overload on temples

You can’t turn a corner without seeing a Buddhist temple in this part of the world. You’ll get temple overload at some point but visit as many as you can as each is unique to the country and region of the temple. There are so many places with high concentrations of ornate and beautiful temples. Check out Chiang Mai’s Wat Doi Suthep Temple and hike up the 300 steps to the golden Chedi that’s 600 years old!; Bagan’s Shwesandaw Pagoda from the 11th century with its stunning golden dome; Angkor Wat’s Ta Prohm is covered in iconic vines and enveloped in ancient jungle roots; Hue’s colorful Thien Mu Pagoda is perched atop a lush green embankment; Hoi An’s Quan Cong Temple with incredible Chinese architecture with hand-carved beauty and skill, and Luang Prabang’s Vat Xieng Thong with its golden, canopied roof. Most are free to enter, however, dress codes are enforced (you need to have your shoulders and legs covered).

6. Dive Sipadan

Located off Malaysian Borneo, Sipadan is one of the best dive sites in the world. If you have your dive certificate, make sure you venture out here. I absolutely love this area because it’s teeming with live turtles, diverse cave systems, sharks, dolphins, colorful coral, bright fish, and everything in between. Not a lot of people make it to this part of Malaysia, but it’s worth it to go the extra mile and make your way off the tourist trail a bit. Don’t miss Barracuda Point and The Drop-Off. Keep in mind that only 176 permits to dive at the island are issued each day, costing 140 MYR per person. The resorts on the neighboring islands each get a specific number of permits per day and require divers to stay with them for a few days. So you’ll need to stay at those resorts and dive into the surrounding areas before they can get you a Sipadan permit.

7. Fall in love with Bali

Bali is the most popular destination in Indonesia, and its famous Kuta beach is known for its wild parties and surfing ( though I think it’s overrated ). However, there is much more to Bali than just wild nights and sun-soaked days. If you’re a thrill seeker, hike up to the top of Mount Batur, an active volcano, for a breathtaking sunrise. Paragliding and white water rafting are also super popular here, as is surfing (it’s an affordable place to learn if you’ve never done it). There are also lots of hot springs to enjoy, the Ubud Monkey Forest (a popular temple and nature reserve home to hundreds of monkeys), and numerous places to scuba dive, including the Liberty wreck and Manta Point.

8. Take in Ho Chi Minh City

Frantic, chaotic, and crazy, Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam is the embodiment of the controlled chaos that rules Southeast Asia. You can’t quite figure out how this teeming mass of people and cars work together, but it does. Highlights here include touring the tunnels used by the Viet Cong in the 1960s, taking in the view from the Saigon Skydeck, eating your way through the street food scene, and seeing the city’s numerous temples.

9. Admire the sunrise over an Indonesian Volcano

One of the most popular tourist attractions on Java is Mount Bromo and its National Park. Don’t miss out on getting a photo of the smoldering Bromo volcano as it lies surrounded by the almost lunar landscape of the Sea of Sand. Get up early to catch one of the most memorable sunrises of your life. If you’re there in mid-August, you’ll be just in time to see Upacara Kasada, the traditional Hindu ritual of the Tenggerese, a Javanese tribe of the region.

10. Hike in Khao Sok National Park

Located in southern Thailand, Khao Sok National Park is constantly rated as one of the best parks in Thailand, with incredible trekking, camping, limestone karsts, cooling rivers, and a glistening lake. Visit for semi-challenging hikes, tons of wildlife, walking paths, and breathtaking sunsets. Park entrance costs around $6 USD while full-day guided tours are $95 USD. I highly recommend spending at least one night here to get the full experience.

11. Visit Kampot

Most people come to Kampot to enjoy the scenic riverside views, as well as the rolling hills that surround the city. Since you can explore easily enough on foot or by bicycle, Kampot is a great place to slow down and relax. There’s not much to do here but have lazy days by the river, chill, and eat (don’t miss the famous Rusty Keyhole for BBQ!). Don’t miss the pepper farms, as this region of Cambodia is filled with pepper farms where you can learn about the history of the spice, see how it is grown, and pick up what is considered some of the finest pepper in the world. Tours are usually free.

12. Take a cooking class

Food from this region is as varied as the countries themselves and learning how to cook a few dishes is a great souvenir of your time here. Even if you don’t plan to cook back home, you can still spend a day making and eating scrumptious food. Most big cities have cooking schools offering classes of 2-6 hours, often including a trip to the local market beforehand to select ingredients. I absolutely love cooking classes and urge you to take one at least once. They are a fun experience!

13. Take a food tour

If you’d rather eat instead of cook, taking a food tour is a fun way to gain insight into the region’s amazing noodle dishes, fresh seafood, sweets, and street food while learning about the history and culture behind the cuisine. Most major cities in Southeast Asia offer food tours. These include tours around local markets, street stalls, and tours to locally-owned restaurants and cafes where you can sample the local cuisine and connect with a local chef. If you’re nervous about street food, this is a great way to try some in a controlled setting. Tours usually last 2-4 hours and include multiple stops and several different dishes, with prices costing $40-75 USD per person.

14. Visit an elephant sanctuary

While riding an elephant is on many a Southeast Asia bucket list, once you know how much the animals suffer from abuse in order to provide these rides, you might think twice about taking one. An even better way to interact with elephants is to volunteer at or visit the Elephant Nature Park near Chiang Mai in Thailand. It’s a phenomenal place, allowing you to give back to the community and these magnificent animals all at once. After coming here, you will understand why you should NEVER ride an elephant. A one-day visit costs $70 USD.

15. See The Killing Fields

A visit to Choeung Ek, also known as the Killing Fields, may not be the most cheerful way to spend an afternoon, but it makes for an educational and memorable experience. Over 3 million people were killed by Pol Pot’s regime, including countless women and children. I recommend getting a guide so you can really understand what you’re seeing as you explore the area. Also, this horrific tragedy took place less than 50 years ago and is still very present so please be respectful as a visitor.  The site is located 10 miles from Phnom Penh. Half-day guided tours start at $66 USD.

16. Swim with Whale Sharks in Donsol

If you’re in the Philippines, check out the Donsol Whale Shark Interactive Ecosystem Project because there are not many experiences quite as adrenaline-inducing as swimming with a whale shark for the first time in crystal waters. These incredible creatures are around 45 feet (14 meters) long and yet incredibly gentle and curious. I loved floating at the surface being able to look below and see them slowly swim below me. Get some people together and rent a boat for a half day, explore the area, and go ‘shark-seeing’ for a good cause.  

  For a ton more information, visit my country specific travel guides for more detailed information on each place:

• Cambodia Travel Guide
• Indonesia Travel Guide
• Laos Travel Guide
• Malaysia Travel Guide
• Singapore Travel Guide
• Thailand Travel Guide
• Vietnam Travel Guide

Southeast Asia Travel Costs

Accommodation – Accommodation in Southeast Asia is really cheap, making it the perfect place to travel if you are on a budget. Hostels are plentiful, as are budget guesthouses and hotels. It’s also very cheap to splash out here if you’re in need of some luxury.

Generally, you can find hostel dorm rooms for as little as $6-8 USD in Cambodia and $3-6 USD in Laos. In Thailand, 4-6-bed dorm rooms are $8-12 USD, while in Vietnam you can expect to pay $5-7 USD. In Indonesia, prices range between $5-10 USD for a 4-6-bed dorm room. Expect to pay at least $15-20 per night for a private room with air conditioning. Free Wi-Fi is standard in most hostels, free breakfast is common, and many hostels even have pools. In more remote areas, hot water isn’t common so make sure to check in advance if that’s an issue for you.

Simple guesthouses or bungalows throughout Southeast Asia generally cost $12-20 USD per night for a basic room with a fan (sometimes air conditioning) and hot water. If you want something nicer that includes a more comfortable bed and a TV, expect to pay $25-35 USD per night.

For backpackers, budgeting around $10 USD per night for accommodation is pretty safe no matter where you go in Southeast Asia. If you’re looking for a higher-end hotel room with more amenities, expect to pay $20-50 USD per night for a room. Anything over that is luxury territory.

Camping is available in certain areas, usually for just a few dollars per night for a basic tent plot without electricity. However, this is about the same price as hostels so it’s not really any cheaper.

Food – While each country’s cuisine varies, overall, Southeast Asian food is aromatic, spicy, and flavorful. Typical spices and herbs include garlic, basil, galangal, cilantro, lemongrass, kaffir lime leaves, chilies, and fish sauce. No matter what region you’re in, you can expect to find a variety of curries, salads, soups, noodle dishes, and stir-fries.

Rice and noodles are central to Southeast Asian food, while the meat is usually pork, chicken, fish, or seafood, which is everywhere on the islands and coastal areas.

While traveling Southeast Asia, street food is the most popular food and cheapest option. On average, these meals cost $1-5 USD. You find these stalls throughout this region lining most streets and every market. They are ubiquitous in the region. In Singapore, street food (from “hawker stands” as they’re known there) costs around $4-5 USD for a meal. Even if you go into small local restaurants, the price doesn’t increase that much.

Food that costs $2 USD at a street stall generally only costs $4-6 USD at a local restaurant. If you went into a restaurant in Thailand, you’d pay around $3-4 USD for a pad Thai that would have cost $1-2 USD on the street.

In Cambodia, street food is around $1-2 USD, while restaurants charge around $3-5 USD for a dish like amok (a coconut milk dish) or luc lac (pepper gravy beef).

Western meals, including burgers, pizza, and sandwiches usually cost around $7-10 USD. But these generally aren’t that great. If you want something that actually tastes as it does back home, expect to spend at least $10-12 USD for your meal.

While cheap, alcohol can take a bite out of your budget if you’re not careful. Those $1-2 USD beers add up! Wine and cocktails are more expensive, generally around $3-5 USD. A cappuccino is typically around $2 USD. Bottled water is plentiful and costs less than $1 USD.

There’s a growing cutting-edge foodie scene in the region and, if you want to splurge, you can do so on some really good meals. Big cities like Bangkok, KL, and Singapore, all have world-class Michelin star restaurants as well some incredible fusion restaurants.

Since dining out is so cheap in the region, there’s no point in grocery shopping unless you’re looking to get some pre-made salads or fruits. Additionally, a general lack of kitchens in most hostels and hotels makes it difficult to cook even if you wanted to. If you do purchase your own groceries, expect to spend around $25 USD per week for basic groceries like local produce, rice, and some meat (while avoiding expensive imported items like cheese and wine).

Backpacking Southeast Asia Suggested Budgets

On a backpacker budget of $45 USD per day, you can stay in hostel dorms, eat out at local markets and street stalls, limit your drinking, do mostly free activities, minimize paid activities, and use public transportation to get around. You’re not going to be able to splash out but you’ll be able to live the typical backpacker experience without really stressing over expenses.

On a mid-range budget of $85 USD per day, you can stay in budget hotels or private hostel rooms, eat more restaurant meals, do more paid activities like cooking classes, take some taxis, and enjoy a few more drinks. You won’t live large, but you won’t be missing out either.

On an upscale budget of $150 USD or more per day, you can stay in nicer hotels with more amenities, eat out as much as you want, do more paid tours including private tours, hire a driver, fly between destinations, and basically do whatever you want. The sky is the limit with this kind of budget!

You can use the chart below to get some idea of how much you need to budget daily, depending on your travel style. Keep in mind these are daily averages — some days you’ll spend more, some days you’ll spend less (you might spend less every day). We just want to give you a general idea of how to make your budget. Prices are in USD.

Southeast Asia Travel Guide: Money-Saving Tips

Backpacking Southeast Asia is cheap. There’s little opportunity to spend a lot of money since everything is already so inexpensive unless you intentionally are trying to splash out on fancy meals and high end hotels. The two reasons why most travelers end up overspending is that they eat a lot of Western food and drink way too much. If you want to save money while traveling in this part of the world, cut down on your drinking and skip the Western food. While country guides have more specific ways to save money, here are some general ways to save money in Southeast Asia:

• Stay with a local – Accommodation is cheap in Southeast Asia but nothing’s cheaper than free! Use Couchsurfing to stay with locals who have extra beds and couches for free. You’ll also meet great people who can show you around and share their insider tips and advice.
• Book tours and day trips as a group – You have more negotiation power when you’re with a group of people buying multiple spots or tickets. Traveling alone? Meet a friend at a hostel and see if they want to join the same tour as you. I’ve met some great friends over the years doing this and highly recommend it.
• Don’t book in advance – Don’t book any tours or activities before you get to your destination. They’ll be much cheaper when you arrive as you’ll be able to negotiate a lower price as you’ll find companies are often offering the same tour and competing. Anything you see online is more expensive than you need to pay!
• Eat on the street – The street food is the best food. The food is the best and cheapest you’ll find. It’s a great way to try new foods and get to chat with locals as well. This is where locals eat so if you want insight into local culture, good food, and savings, eat the street food. Look for where locals are eating to ensure that it’s safe to eat.
• Bargain hard – Nothing is ever at face value here. Bargain with sellers as most of the time, the price they’ve quoted is way higher. There’s a haggling culture in the region so play the game and save some money. It’s important not to convert it in your head to your own currency because it will usually sound cheap even though you might still be getting ripped off. You’ll never get the local price, but you might come close!
• Minimize your drinking – Drinks really add up. Even with cheap drinks, if you’re not aware, you’ll end up spending more money on beer than on food and accommodation. If you want to drink, head to the supermarkets, drink at the hostel, or check out the local happy hours.
• Pack a water bottle – A water bottle with a purifier comes particularly in handy in Southeast Asia since you can’t usually drink the tap water. Save money and thousands of plastic bottles and get a bottle that can purify the tap water for you. My preferred bottle is LifeStraw as it has a built-in filter that ensures your water is always safe and clean.

Where to Stay in Southeast Asia

I’ve been traveling Southeast Asia since 2005 and have stayed in hundreds of places. Here are some of my favorite places to stay in Southeast Asia:

• The Siem Reap Pub Hostel (Siem Reap)
• Onederz Siem Reap (Siem Reap)
• Mad Monkey Siem Reap (Siem Reap)
• Onederz Sihanoukville (Sihanoukville)
• Monkey Republic (Sihanoukville)
• Onederz Phnom Penh (Phnom Penh)
• Sla Boutique Hostel (Phnom Penh)
• The Magic Sponge (Kampot)
• Indigo House Hotel (Luang Prabang)
• Sa Sa Lao (Luang Prabang)
• Sanga Hostel (Pakse)
• Nana Backpackers Hostel (Vang Vieng)
• Dream Home Hostel (Vientiane)
• Traveller Bunker Hostel (Cameron Highlands)
• De’Native Guest House (Cameron Highlands)
• Kitez Hotel & Bunks (Kuala Lumpur)
• Sunshine Bedz Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur)
• Ryokan Muntri Boutique Hostel (Penang)
• Mad Monkey Hostel (Bangkok)
• D&D Inn (Bangkok)
• Kodchasri B&B (Chiang Mai)
• The Royal Guest House (Chiang Mai)
• Green Leaf (Khao Yai)
• Lonely Beach Resort (Ko Chang)
• The Sanctuary (Koh Phangan)
• Na-Tub Hostel (Koh Phangan)
• Pineapple Guesthouse (Phuket)
• Dream Lodge
• The Pod Capsule Hostel
• The Scarlet
• Under the Coconut Tree Guesthouse (Hoi An)
• Fuse Beachside (Hoi An)
• Pretty Backpackers House (Da Lat)
• Hanoi Old Quarter Hostel (Hanoi)
• Luxury Backpackers Hostel (Hanoi)
• The Hideout (HCMC)
• City Backpackers Hostel (HCMC)

How to Get Around Southeast Asia

Public transportation – Public transportation costs from a few pennies to a few dollars, with Singapore and Malaysia offering the most comprehensive public transportation systems. In Thailand, local buses cost around $0.25 USD per trip, while the Metro and Skytrain in Bangkok cost $0.50-1.50 USD per trip. In Cambodia, a bus ticket in Phnom Penh costs just $0.40 USD per ride.

Major cities generally have subway systems but mostly you’ll be using the bus or shared taxis to get around.

Tuk-tuks (small, shared taxis with no meter) are available around much of the region and require a bit of haggling. They usually have 3-6 seats and generally cost more than public transportation but are faster. To find a reputable driver, ask your accommodation as they usually know someone. Tuk-tuk drivers can often be hired for the day for a discounted rate (this is what a lot of people do to visit the Killing Fields and Angkor Wat in Cambodia, for example).

Taxi – Taxis in the region are generally safe, though it’s not uncommon to have to haggle. Scams to rip you off aren’t uncommon either, so always ask your accommodation to call you a taxi whenever possible so you know you’ll get a reputable company.

In Singapore and Indonesia, taxi drivers do put on the meter. In Bangkok, you can get taxi drivers to use the meter, but if you’re hailing one in a tourist area, he might try to avoid using it. In Vietnam, the meter is sometimes rigged, but if you can get a reputable company like Mai Linh, you won’t have any problems.

Ridesharing – Grab, DiDi, and Gojek are Asia’s answer to Uber. They work the same way: you hire a driver to take you somewhere via the app, and you can pay via the app or in cash. It’s often more affordable than a regular taxi, though drivers are a bit unreliable as the practice is not as widespread here as in other parts of the world.

Just keep in mind that some drivers are driving motorcycles so be sure to double check what kind of vehicle is picking you up if you don’t want to ride on the back of one.

Bus – The easiest and cheapest way to travel around Southeast Asia is by bus. The backpacker trail is so worn that there is a very well-established tourist bus system to take you anywhere. Buses costs vary between $5-25 USD for a 5-6 hour journey. Overnight buses cost $20-35 USD depending on distance (they often have reclining seats so you can get a decent sleep).

You can check ticket prices and book tickets for all the different bus companies across Southeast Asia at 12go.asia.

Train – Train service is limited in the region and not something to really consider when you travel Southeast Asia. You can take a train up and down the coast of Vietnam and there’s some limited scenic rails in Malaysia. Thailand is the only country that has an extensive train system that lets you travel all its regions (and onward to Singapore) from Bangkok.

The train prices in Southeast Asia are determined by distance and class. Night trains with sleeper cars are more expensive than day trains. The night train to Chiang Mai from Bangkok takes twelve hours and costs $27 USD for a sleeper seat. However, that same train during the day is $8-9 USD. In Vietnam, trains run up and down the coast and cost $60 USD from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City.

Flying – The cost of flying around Southeast Asia has come down in recent years due to the rise of low-cost airlines. Scoot, Jetstar, and AirAsia are the biggest. Nok Air has a lot of flights within Thailand , and VietJet Air is popular in Vietnam . Lion Air serves Indonesia , but its safety record is really spotty and I personally would not fly them. If you book early, you can save on fares, as most of the airlines offer deeply discounted fare sales all the time, especially Air Asia.

Just make sure that the airport these budget airlines fly into isn’t too far out of your way (transportation from the secondary airport sometimes negates the savings from using the budget airline itself).

Also, keep in mind that you usually must pay to check your baggage on these cheap flights. If you wait to pay for your luggage at the gate, you end up paying almost double. Travel carry-on only to avoid this added cost.

All in all, I only recommend flying if you are pressed for time or find a super cheap deal. Otherwise, stick to the bus.

Hitchhiking – Hitchhiking in Southeast Asia is safe, though popularity of the practice varies by country (it’s more common in Malaysia, but not so much in Cambodia). Dress respectably, smile while making eye contact with drivers, and use a cardboard sign to tell people where you’re headed. Be prepared for long bouts of no pick-ups, especially if you’re traveling through more rural areas. Pack plenty of water and food. Also, make sure the people picking you up understand you’re hitchhiking and not flagging down a taxi.

Hitchwiki is a great resource for hitchhiking tips.

Car rental I don’t recommend renting a car in Southeast Asia. Rental cars are expensive ($40 USD per day or more) and the roads here are in poor shape. I would never drive around the region.

When to Go to Southeast Asia

The best time of year to visit Southeast Asia is from November to April when temperatures are milder (though temperatures vary drastically by region). It may be mild in Thailand in January and hot in Malaysia but in Northern Vietnam, it’s cold! Also, one of the biggest mistakes people make is not taking into account the rainy season. In some cases it won’t make a big difference but definitely does if it’s a beach trip.

In Indonesia, the best time to visit is April to October. Temperatures average 24-30ºC (75-86ºF), and the weather is mostly dry. July to September is the peak holiday season and when you can expect to pay the highest rates. December to February is the rainy season.

In Malaysia, January-March and June-September are the best time to visit, as these months have the lowest average rainfall. It is still hot and humid during this time though. The rainy season is from October to December. Singapore’s climate/weather is much like Malaysia’s.

In Vietnam, the weather varies by region. In Central Vietnam (including Hoi An and Nha Trang), January-May is the best time to visit because it is dry and the temperatures average 21-30°C (70-86°F). June to August is also a decent time to visit. If you want to stick around Hanoi, March to April is great, or October to December (for mildest temperatures). The rainy season is May-September.

Thailand has three seasons: hot, hotter, and hottest. It’s always warm, though the weather is nicest between November and February (which is also peak tourist season). Bangkok is “coolest” and driest during this time (but still averaging a hot 29°C/85°F each day). April and May are the hottest months, and the rainy season is June-October. The gulf islands get pretty rainy from August to December.

The dry season in Cambodia is from November-May and the cool season is from November-February (and when most people visit). Temperatures during this time are still high, but humidity is lower. Laos has the same cool season as Cambodia, with the dry season running from November-April.

In the Philippines, it’s mostly warm all year long with an average daily high of 26°C (80°F). There are rainy and dry seasons and temperatures are hot and dry from March-May and cooler December-February. The best time to visit is between January-April when it’s less humid. Monsoon Season is July-October.

For more information on when to go to places, visit the specific country guides.

How to Stay Safe in Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia is an incredibly safe place to backpack and travel — even if you’re traveling solo and even as a solo female traveler. Violent crime is super, duper rare. Petty theft (including bag snatching) is the most common type of crime in Southeast Asia, especially around popular tourist landmarks. Always keep your valuables out of reach on public transportation and in crowds just to be safe. Never leave your valuables unattended while at the beach and always keep a hold of your purse/bag when out and about as bag snatching is common.

That said, outside touristy areas, theft is really rare. Heck, it’s pretty rare in touristy areas too! But a little vigilance goes a long way and it’s better to be safe than sorry.

There are some common scams around that you’ll want to be aware of, such as the motorbike scam. This involves a bike rental company trying to charge you for damage to the bike that you didn’t cause. To avoid this, always take photos of your rental before you leave so you can protect yourself from baseless claims.

Another common scam involves a tuk-tuk driver taking you somewhere you didn’t want to go in hopes you’ll buy something from the shop/restaurant he dropped you off at (he gets a commission if you do). Simply refuse to buy anything and demand to go back to where you were — or find another driver.

For other common travel scams, read this post about major travel scams to avoid in the region .

Solo female travelers should feel safe here, though it’s generally a good idea to avoid walking around alone at night just to be safe. It’s always a good idea to carry some extra cash to get home in a taxi if you need to. Additionally, always keep an eye on your drink at the bar and never accept drinks from strangers. Be sensible when it comes to dating while traveling and meeting people in public places. As I’m not a woman, please check out some solo female travel blogs to get the best insight.

Overall, the people who get in trouble here tend to be involved with drugs or sex tourism. Avoid those two things and you should be fine. Keep in mind that it’s not always obvious how old someone is or if they’re a sex worker so be mindful when getting involved in romantic interactions. Also, penalties for drug use in this region are stiff so even if you’re here to party, skip the drugs.

Always trust your gut instinct. Make copies of your personal documents, including your passport and ID. Forward your itinerary along to loved ones so they’ll know where you are.

For more in-depth coverage of how to stay safe in Southeast Asia, check out this post that answers some frequently asked questions and concerns.

The most important piece of advice I can offer is to purchase good travel insurance. Travel insurance will protect you against illness, injury, theft, and cancellations. It’s comprehensive protection in case anything goes wrong. I never go on a trip without it as I’ve had to use it many times in the past. You can use the widget below to find the policy right for you:

Southeast Asia Travel Guide: The Best Booking Resources

These are my favorite companies to use when I travel. They consistently have the best deals, offer world-class customer service and great value, and overall, are better than their competitors. They are the companies I use the most and are always the starting point in my search for travel deals.

• Skyscanner – Skyscanner is my favorite flight search engine. They search small websites and budget airlines that larger search sites tend to miss. They are hands down the number one place to start.
• Hostelworld – This is the best hostel accommodation site out there with the largest inventory, best search interface, and widest availability.
• Agoda – Other than Hostelworld, Agoda is the best hotel accommodation site for Asia.
• Booking.com – The best all around booking site that constantly provides the cheapest and lowest rates. They have the widest selection of budget accommodation. In all my tests, they’ve always had the cheapest rates out of all the booking websites.
• Get Your Guide – Get Your Guide is a huge online marketplace for tours and excursions. They have tons of tour options available in cities all around the world, including everything from cooking classes, walking tours, street art lessons, and more!
• SafetyWing – Safety Wing offers convenient and affordable plans tailored to digital nomads and long-term travelers. They have cheap monthly plans, great customer service, and an easy-to-use claims process that makes it perfect for those on the road.
• LifeStraw – My go-to company for reusable water bottles with built-in filters so you can ensure your drinking water is always clean and safe.
• Unbound Merino – They make lightweight, durable, easy-to-clean travel clothing.

Get the In-Depth Budget Guide to Thailand!

My detailed 350+ page guidebook is made for budget travelers like you! It cuts out the fluff found in other guidebooks and gets straight to the practical information you need to travel around Thailand. You’ll find suggested itineraries, budgets, ways to save money, on and off-the-beaten-path things to see and do, non-touristy restaurants, markets, bars, safety tips, and much more! Click here to learn more and get your copy today.

Southeast Asia Travel Guide: Related Articles

Want more info? Check out all the articles I’ve written on Southeast Asia travel and continue planning your trip:

The 4 Best Hostels in Singapore

The 6 Best Hostels in Bali

The 22 Best Things to Do in Bangkok

5 LGBTQ Travel Tips for Asia

Is Southeast Asia Safe for Travelers?

Backpacking Cambodia: 3 Suggested Itineraries for Your Trip

Get my best stuff sent straight to you, pin it on pinterest.

• Where To Stay
• Transportation
• Booking Resources
• Related Blogs

• Asia - Pacific
• Middle East - Africa
• Apologetics
• Benedict XVI
• Catholic Links
• Church Fathers
• Life & Family
• Liturgical Calendar
• Pope Francis
• CNA Newsletter
• Editors Service About Us Advertise Privacy

Children and youth to play central role in Pope Francis visit to Papua New Guinea

By Kristina Millare

CNA Newsroom, May 8, 2024 / 06:00 am

Children and youth will be central to Pope Francis’ visit to Papua New Guinea from Sept. 6–9, according to Father Giorgio Licini, secretary-general of the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of Papua New Guinea (PNG) and Solomon Islands.   

Licini, who is on the organizing committee of the Holy Father’s 2024 visit, said young people are central in the planning of the papal trip to Papua New Guinea. In the Catholic Church, “the level of participation by laity and youth is high,” he said. “Everything is ‘young’ in PNG: church, country, modern civilization.” 

“It was only in early October 2023 that our bishops’ conference was told that the pope still had a great desire to visit Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea in Oceania,” Licini told CNA. 

As part of his apostolic journey, Pope Francis is expected to visit a safe house for young girls in Vanimo and then, in the nearby village of Baro, greet missionaries, staff, and students of a school he helped develop. In Port Moresby, the Holy Father intends to meet with children supported by the archdiocese’s ministries for the care of street children. 

“The youth here greatly suffer for lack of education and employment opportunities. The breakdown of the family adds to neglect, poverty, and micro-criminality,” Licini explained. “Besides education and health, nowadays the social services of the Catholic Church focus on family life, child protection and promotion, domestic violence, and sorcery accusations related [to] violence, corruption awareness, and justice, peace, and reconciliation, mainly in [areas affected by tribal violence].” 

The last appointment of the papal visit in Papua New Guinea will be a youth festival at the city stadium in Port Moresby.

Isabella Saleu, a young laywoman working for Caritas Papua New Guinea — the justice, peace, relief, and development agency of the Catholic Church in the country — said she looks forward to the youth festival planned with the pope and believes his visit will be a “spiritually enriching experience” that will reinforce the Catholic identity in the country.

“The world needs us young people and all the enthusiasm we have to make it better, safer, happier and more Christ-like,” Saleu told CNA. “Over the years, the Church has not only evangelized but [also] has contributed immensely to delivering basic services by providing schools and institutions, hospitals, clinics and aid posts, safe houses, and facilities for pastoral and social services.” 

“Considering also the recent fateful events of ‘Black Wednesday’ on Jan. 10 that resulted in deaths and hospitalization, as the country came to a standstill when thugs took over the streets of the capital city Port Moresby who looted and burned down shops and caused the city to tremble in fear as police ceased duties, we hope that the papal visit raises our spirits to continue to move forward as a nation,” she added. 

To date, over 98% of Papua New Guinea citizens identify as Christian. Catholicism represents the largest Christian denomination in the country with an estimated 4 million people — about 25% of the total population. 

Pope Francis’ visit to Papua New Guinea will be his first trip to the country as part of his 11-day Asia Pacific apostolic journey in September. Pope John Paul II visited Papua New Guinea in 1984 and 1995.

• Catholic News ,
• Papal Visits ,
• Papua New Guinea ,
• Solomon Islands

Subscribe to our daily newsletter

Our mission is the truth. join us.

Your monthly donation will help our team continue reporting the truth, with fairness, integrity, and fidelity to Jesus Christ and his Church.

You may also like

Pope Francis to travel to Indonesia, Singapore, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea

Pope Francis will travel to the Southeast Asian countries of Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Singapore, the Vatican announced Friday.

Pope Francis’ Indonesia visit to ‘strengthen message of tolerance, unity, and world peace’

The Indonesian government has confirmed the country will be the first destination in the 87-year-old pontiff’s apostolic journey to the Asia Pacific region Sept. 2–13.

Cardinal Goh of Singapore: ‘Deep encounter with Jesus’ is key to passing on the faith

In an exclusive interview with EWTN News, Cardinal William Goh spoke about Pope Francis, the Synod on Synodality, being a cardinal, and the Church in Asia.

• International
• Today’s Paper
• Premium Stories
• Express Shorts
• Health & Wellness
• Brand Solutions

The top 10 visa-free countries for Indian passport holders in 2024

Visa-free countries for indians in 2024: discover the top 10 best global destinations that indian passport holders can travel to visa-free in 2024..

Many countries worldwide are currently offering visa-free entry to enhance their tourism industry and attract more visitors, including those from India, ensuring a seamless travel experience and eliminating travel obstacles. This initiative has led to a surge in new explorers eager to venture out and discover these countries.

Thailand and Sri Lanka have recently extended their visa-free entry provisions for Indian visitors. Thailand’s extension is in effect until November 11, 2024, while Sri Lanka’s lasts until May 31, 2024. However, in some instances, it is crucial to note that travel to visa-free countries is usually limited to a specific duration and additional documents, such as proof of onward travel or payment of airport taxes might be required.

Indian passport holders currently benefit from visa-free access to 62 countries, simplifying travel and exploration. Visa-free travel allows entry into a country without the need for a prior visa and only requires a passport to clear customs, eliminating the complexities of visa procedures and associated fees.

So, as the summer vacation season approaches, it’s an ideal time to travel. If you hold an Indian passport, there are several destinations you can visit without the hassle of obtaining a visa. Below is the list of the top 10 best global destinations that Indian passport holders can travel to visa-free.

1. Bhutan: 14 days

Bhutan is a neighbouring country of India and is considered one of the top visa-free destinations for Indian passport holders. They can travel for up to 14 days without needing a visa. Often referred to as the Land of the Thunder Dragon, the country is located in the Himalayas and is renowned for its snow-capped peaks, vibrant monasteries, and spiritual culture.

Nepal is a country famous for having Mount Everest, which is the highest mountain in the world. The country is an ideal destination for adventure enthusiasts and nature lovers as it offers a unique and enriching experience with ancient temples, breathtaking landscapes, and amiable locals. Indian passport holders do not require a visa to enter Nepal, as the country shares a friendly relationship with India.

3. Mauritius: 90 days

Mauritius, an island nation surrounded by the Indian Ocean, is a picturesque tropical paradise famous for its pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters, and coral reefs. While many visitors come to Mauritius to experience nature and indulge in luxury resort stays, it can also be an excellent destination for Indian solo or group travellers who want to explore the cities, visit tourist attractions, and try delicious local cuisine. Furthermore, Indian travellers can stay in Mauritius for up to 90 days without a visa, making it an attractive option for those seeking to travel hassle-free.

4. Kenya: 90 days

Starting January 1, 2024, Kenya will allow visa-free travel to Indian passport holders to promote tourism through its electronic travel authorization programme. Exploring its vibrant wildlife and marine reserves, with over 50 national parks to choose from, Indians can travel to Kenya visa-free for 90 days to experience its world-renowned safari experience.

5. Malaysia: 30 days

Malaysia is a magnificent travel destination that offers a blend of ancient rainforests and a multicultural city-life experience. The capital, Kuala Lumpur, boasts the iconic Petronas Twin Towers, one of the tallest buildings in the world. The country is renowned for its exceptional food, historical vibe, gorgeous beaches, and wildlife-packed national parks. Indian passport holders can now travel to Malaysia visa-free until December 31, 2024, as per the latest update. It permits a stay of up to 30 days for each entry and visit to the country.

6. Thailand: 30 days (till November 11, 2024)

Thailand, a gem of Southeast Asia, is famous for its exquisite beaches, delicious cuisine, and lively culture. From the busy streets of Bangkok to the grand temples of Chiang Mai and the tranquil beaches of Phuket, Thailand offers a perfect combination of cultural immersion, adventure, and relaxation. As per the latest update, Thailand has extended its visa-free travel for Indian passport holders until November 11, 2024, which was previously May 10, 2024.

7. Dominica: 6 months

Dominica is a mountainous Caribbean island nation, also known as “Nature Island.” It boasts tropical and balmy weather, natural hot springs, and tropical rainforests. The Morne Trois Pitons National Park is a must-visit place, where you can find a 1,342-metre-high volcano. The country’s best features include the 65-metre-tall Trafalgar Falls and the narrow Titou Gorge. Indian passport holders can easily book flights to Dominica from India to enter this beautiful country. The good news for Indian nationals is that they do not require a visa for either tourism or business purposes for six months.

8. Qatar: 30 days

Qatar is a Middle Eastern country known for its impressive infrastructure and futuristic capital, Doha, with its towering skyscrapers. The country is also recognised as one of the wealthiest nations in the world and is currently in the spotlight for hosting the FIFA World Cup 2022. Indian passport holders can enjoy 30 days of visa-free travel in Qatar.

9. Sri Lanka: 30 days (till May 31st, 2024)

Sri Lanka is the latest addition to the list of visa-free countries for Indians. This South Asian island is rich in history and boasts stunning landscapes, diverse cultures, and incredible wildlife. Visitors can experience beautiful weather and indulge in delicious cuisine. Indian passport holders can travel visa-free to Sri Lanka until May 31st, 2024, as per the latest update. The hospitality of the locals is great, and the country is famous for its sweetmeats.

10. Seychelles: 30 days

The Seychelles are renowned for their stunning waters, coral reefs, sea turtles, and underwater rock formations teeming with beautiful fish, whale sharks, and shipwrecks. The beaches in the Seychelles offer a calm, peaceful, and secluded environment, and Indian passport holders can visit visa-free for 30 days.

• e-Tourist Visa
• Indian passports
• Indian travellers

Actor Sharmin Segal, Sanjay Leela Bhansali's niece, has been facing flak for her "poor performance" in Heeramandi from a section of viewers. Now a clip of Sonakshi Sinha, who plays the role of Fareedan in the show, roasting Sharmin during the mushaira has gone viral. In the clip, as Sonakshi roasts Sharmin, she claims the latter showed up on the Heeramandi set unprepared.

• GT vs CSK Live Score, IPL 2024: Playing XI and toss coming up from Ahmedabad 13 mins ago
• Arvind Kejriwal Bail Live Updates: 'SC verdict a victory of truth,' says AAP as Delhi CM set to walk out of jail 20 mins ago
• Haryana Govt Crisis Live Updates: Congress delegation to submit memorandum seeking floor test, says Guv will not meet 1 hour ago
• GSEB SSC 10th Result 2024 Live Updates: Class 10th scorecards soon at gseb.org 1 hour ago

Best of Express

Buzzing Now

May 10: Latest News

• 01 13 years on, stepfather convicted for murder of actor Laila Khan, 5 of her family
• 02 US believes Rafah operation would weaken Israel’s position in talks with Hamas, says State Dept
• 03 New York City sued for denying gay employees in vitro fertilization coverage
• 04 Delhi HC seeks police stand in bail plea of wife of Delhi govt officer accused of raping, impregnating minor girl
• 05 10 office-bearers of co-operative credit society booked for duping businessman of over Rs 1 crore
• Elections 2024
• Political Pulse
• Entertainment
• Movie Review
• Newsletters
• Web Stories

• Companies & Markets

Banking & Finance

• Reits & Property
• Energy & Commodities
• Telcos, Media & Tech
• Transport & Logistics
• Consumer & Healthcare
• Capital Markets & Currencies

China's central bank vows to support economic recovery

The bank will handle the relationship between its credit and bond markets carefully and guide the growth and balanced allocation of credit

China’s central bank said on Friday (May 10) it will ensure reasonably ample liquidity and credit expansion to consolidate the country’s economic recovery, which still faces many challenges.

The People’s Bank of China (PBOC) will guide the growth of credit and keep liquidity ample, the bank said in its quarterly monetary policy implementation report.

“We will maintain the stability of monetary policy, enhance the consistency of macroeconomic policy orientation, strengthen counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments, increase support for the real economy, and effectively consolidate and enhance the positive trend of economic recovery,” it said.

“The global economic recovery momentum is divided, and uncertainties such as monetary policy adjustments and geopolitical conflicts in developed economies still exist. The sustained recovery of the domestic economy still faces many challenges.”

The Communist Party’s top decision-making body last month pledged to step up support for the economy with prudent monetary policy and proactive fiscal policies, including through interest rates and bank reserve requirement ratios.

China will handle the relationship between its credit and bond markets carefully and guide the growth and balanced allocation of credit, the central bank said.

GET BT IN YOUR INBOX DAILY

Start and end each day with the latest news stories and analyses delivered straight to your inbox.

The central bank will keep the yuan basically stable to prevent the risk of the exchange rate overshooting, it said.

China’s yuan weakened slightly on Friday as reports of fresh trade restrictions from Washington weighed on the currency, although trading ranges were modest ahead of key US inflation data due next week.

China’s low consumer prices are due to a lack of demand, the PBOC said, adding it expected a mild increase in consumer prices by the end of the year and a narrower contraction in producer prices. REUTERS

KEYWORDS IN THIS ARTICLE

• China central bank says treasury bond trading will be two-way
• China central bank wants to halt bond-buying spree, not join it
• China central bank flags bond investment risks to some financial institutions: sources

BT is now on Telegram!

For daily updates on weekdays and specially selected content for the weekend. Subscribe to   t.me/BizTimes

Barclays cuts jobs in energy transition team it only just built

Great eastern shares jump 39% as ocbc mounts s$1.4 billion privatisation bid at s$25.60 per share, ping an sells us$50 million of hsbc shares after vote against ceo, manulife profit beats on growth in asia, wealth management, hot stock: uoi surges to over 6-month high amid heavy trading, support south-east asia's leading financial daily.

Get the latest coverage and full access to all BT premium content.

Browse corporate subscription here

• International
• Opinion & Features
• Startups & Tech
• Working Life
• Events & Awards
• Breaking News
• Newsletters
• Food & Drink
• Style & Travel
• Arts & Design
• Health & Wellness
• Paid Press Releases
• advertise with us
• privacy policy
• terms & conditions
• cookie policy
• data protection policy

SPH MEDIA DIGITAL NEWS

MCI (P) 064/10/2023 © 2024 SPH MEDIA LIMITED. REGN NO. 202120748H