First Conditional: Examples, Sentences, Exercises
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When do we use the first conditional?
We use the first conditional to talk about results of possible future conditions. Here are some example sentences:
- If it’s sunny tomorrow, I’ll go to the beach.
- If it rains tomorrow, I’ll stay home.
- If she studies hard, she will pass the exam.
- If you finish your chores, you can watch TV.
- If we don’t get to the airport on time, we’ll miss our flight.
- If he doesn’t call me soon, I’ll send him a text message.
- If you save money, you’ll be able to afford that new phone.
- If the restaurant isn’t too crowded, we’ll have dinner there tonight.
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Parts of a first conditional sentence
There are two parts to a first conditional sentence:
- the condition (sometimes called the “if clause”)
- the result (sometimes called the “main clause”)
It is possible to reverse the condition and the result, with no change in meaning:
- If you don’t study, you’ll fail.
- = You’ll fail if you don’t study.
- If I wake up early enough tomorrow, I’m going to make a big breakfast.
- = I’m going to make a big breakfast if I wake up early enough tomorrow.
Note that when the “if clause” (condition) comes first in the sentence, we use a comma after it. However, when the result comes first in the sentence, then we don’t use a comma between the two clauses.
How to form the first conditional
Pay close attention to the correct verb forms in the condition and result:
CONDITION: if + subject + present simple
- If we go to the party tomorrow,
- If you don’t leave work soon,
- If she gets promoted,
- If he doesn’t read the textbook,
RESULT: subject + simple future (will / won’t, going to / not going to)
- we’ll have a good time.
- you’ll get stuck in rush hour traffic.
- she’s going to earn more money.
- he won’t understand the class.
Even though BOTH events are in the future, we always use the simple present in the condition (“if-clause”).
Avoid the common error of using the simple future in the condition:
- If we will go to the party tomorrow, we’ll have a good time.
- If we go to the party tomorrow, we’ll have a good time.
- If it won’t rain tonight, I’ll go for a walk.
- If it doesn’t rain tonight, I’ll go for a walk.
Both the condition and the result can be positive or negative (with “not”):
- If you take the train, you ‘ll get there faster. (positive condition – positive result)
- If you don’t take the train, you ‘ll have to drive. (negative condition – positive result)
- If you take the train, you won’t get stuck in traffic. (positive condition – negative result)
- If you don’t take the train, you won’t need to buy a train ticket. (negative condition – negative result)
First Conditional Quiz
Variations in first conditional sentences, alternative words to “if” in the condition.
It is possible to use other words instead of if in the “condition” part of first conditional sentences:
Let’s study each case separately.
WHEN: When the “condition” will definitely happen in the future.
Look at the difference between these two sentences:
- If I see Sam, I’ll give him your message. (I’m not sure if I will see him or not)
- When I see Sam, I’ll give him your message. (I will definitely see Sam)
AS SOON AS: To emphasize immediacy.
- My feet hurt! As soon as I get home, I’m going to take off these high heels.
- As soon as we have enough money saved, we’ll take a vacation to Costa Rica. We can’t wait!
- I’ll respond to your e-mail as soon as I can.
UNLESS: Substitute for “if not.”
- You won’t lose any weight unless you start eating healthier food. = You won’t lose any weight if you don’t start eating healthier food.
- I’m not going to dance unless somebody invites me. = I’m not going to dance if somebody doesn’t invite me.
- Unless there’s an emergency at work, I’ll be home on time. = If there’s not an emergency at work, I’ll be home on time.
Alternative words to will / going to in the result
Instead of will / going to, we can use modal verbs like can, might, could, or should . Compare these two sentences:
- If you go out in the rain, you will get wet. (100% certain)
- If you apply for that university, you might/could be accepted. (not 100% certain)
Use can in the result of first conditional sentences to give permission / prohibition:
- If you finish your homework, you can watch TV for an hour.
- If you don’t have a ticket, you can’t get into the theater.
Use might/ could to express a possibility that is not a certainty:
- If he gets home from work early, we could go for a walk before dinner.
- If you try to lift that heavy weight, you might hurt yourself.
Use should to give advice if the condition happens:
- If your toothache doesn’t get better soon, you should see a dentist.
- If they go to New York next week, they should visit the Statue of Liberty.
First Conditional vs. Other Conditionals
First conditional vs. zero conditional.
The zero conditional describes GENERAL truths and facts. Both the condition and result are in the simple present:
- When it rains, the ground gets wet. (it is a general fact/truth)
- If I’m late to school, the teacher always yells at me. (this ALWAYS happens)
The first conditional describes a specific event that will/might happen in the future IF a future condition happens. The condition is in the simple present tense, and the result is in the simple future tense:
- If it rains tomorrow, I’m going to stay home.
- If I’m late to school today, I’ll miss an important test.
First Conditional vs. Second Conditional and Third Conditional
Both the second conditional and third conditional describe IMAGINARY situations.
In the second conditional , we are imagining the result if the present were different:
- If I were a millionaire, I would buy a sports car. (but the reality is that I AM NOT a millionaire, so I’m not buying that car)
In the third conditional, we are imagining the result if the past had been different:
- If I had taken the earlier train, I would have gotten to work on time. (but the reality is that I DID NOT take the earlier train, so I did not get to work on time)
The first conditional describes REAL future results/possibilities that will happen if the condition happens. Compare these conditional sentences:
- First conditional: If I have some free time this weekend, I will read a book. (it’s a real possibility that I’ll have some free time and read a book)
- Second conditional: If I had more free time, I would take dance classes. (this is just imaginary – the reality is that I don’t have much free time, so I’m not taking dance classes)
- Third conditional: If I ‘d had more free time yesterday, I would have cleaned the house. (imaginary – the reality is that I didn’t have free time yesterday, so I didn’t clean the house)
Learn more about the first conditional with this tutorial
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Present Tenses
Present simple, present continuous, present perfect/continuous..
Here are the most common uses for the present tenses:
Present simple For timetables: The train leaves at 6:30 . And for unchanging situations: It never snows in Malta.
Present continuous For actions that happen around the time of speaking: I’m looking for a new job . And for fixed arrangements in the future: He is flying to London tomorrow.
Present continuous – get For gradual developments get is used in the present continuous: Winters are getting longer.
Present continuous – always When expressing irritation: He is always playing games on his phone.
Present perfect To talk about results/consequences of a past activity in the present: He can't ride his bike. He's broken his leg.
Present perfect continuous For an action which started in the past and continues to the present with emphasis on duration: I've been trying to contact them for an hour.
State verbs and present tenses We don't normally use love, hate, like, believe, know, prefer, realise, suppose, want, appear in the continuous tenses. I believe you . NOT I am believing you.
The verbs think, taste, smell, see, look, smell feel and have can have continuous tenses but there is a difference in the meaning.
I think he is unhappy – (I believe) BUT I'm thinking of moving to another city – (I'm considering)
Now select the right tense for these sentences.
Lesson by Tristan
- 1) He ___(move) to a new apartment next week. is moving moves has moved
- 2) Now that they have a child, John and Mary ___(look) for a new place to live. have been looking are looking look
- 3) The flight ___(arrives) at nine o'clock tomorrow. Has arrived arrives is arriving
- 4) Travelling ___(get) more and more affordable. is getting gets has been getting
- 5) Peter and Jane ___(think) of getting married. think are thinking have thought
- 6) I ___(try) to find a good second hand car for a month now. have been trying try am trying
- 7) ___(they/wait) long? do you wait are you waiting have you been waiting
- 8) He ___(buy) a new boat next week. has bought is buying buys
- 9) My neighbours ___(always/have) parties till late into the night. I can't get a good night's sleep. always have are always having have always had
- 10) He ___(not/be) to work for three days now. is not is not being has not been
- 11) My brother ____(study) to become a doctor so I hardly see him these days. studies is studying has studied
- 12) I ___(read) a really good book at the moment. have read read am reading
- Lesson Index
Seven Letters
English language Schools
Eight O’Clock by Alfred Edward Housman: Summary and Critical Analysis
An unpleasant event was about to happen. The hour was quite near against his desire. He stood and counted the quarter strike. It was four. He therefore cursed his luck because he could do nothing to protect himself from the unhappy thing. Then the clock gathered all its strength and struck eight.
Housman always looks at the dark side of life with muffled sadness and melancholy. In this poem, the protagonist is directly confronted with the consciousness of the running time when he is in the form of the tower. Time arouses the people in the morning. Every person feels he is limited in time. The protagonist here is aware, that is coming hear- his time of departure from the world. Time becomes stronger as a man becomes weaker in this world.
The man curses his luck of being a mortal man. Time gathers its maximum strength when it strikes human beings. Eight o’clock in the morning was his time to be struck. It is a rhymed poem with classical restraint of emotion, the word ‘struck’ signifies the striking sound of the clock and it also means the striking of the protagonist to death by the hand of time. The time is a never ending process. Nothing in this world exists forever. Everything falls into the cruel grip of time and melts forever. The protagonist also realizes this. He feels that he is limited in time. And he is aware that his deportation from this world is coming near. Every fifteen minutes the clock makes sound for men. Time becomes stronger as a man becomes weaker in this mortal world. So the protagonist curses his luck of being a mortal man. The poem might be trying to tell us the feeling of the person who is going to face a terrible thing. At that moment he is so much conscious of time. To him every second is important. He lives every second restlessly being conscious of every moment. He may be going to be hanged or he may be undergoing a terrible experience.
Housman’s ‘Eight O’clock’ is an alliterative poem. The poem moves rhythmically towards the climax. It is a rhymed poem with classical restraint of emotion with chosen symbols and phrases. The alliteration begins in the first line and ends in the last. ‘Stool’, ‘steeple’, ‘sprinkle’, ‘strapped’, ‘cursed’, ‘strength’ and ‘struck’ make for a satisfying musical pattern. ‘Struck’ signifies the ticking sound of the clock, and it also signifies the striking of the protagonist to death by the hand of time. It is a classically finished poem, free from the usual sentimentalism of Housman’s time. In texture and austerity it is nearer to metaphysical poetry.
Literary Spotlight
Loveliest of Trees
To an Athlete Dying Young Man
Biography of Alfred Edward Housman
Exercise on Simple Present - Present Progressive
Complete the sentences. Use Simple Present and Present Progressive.
- Look! Jenny (go) to school.
- She (wear) a raincoat and wellies and she (carry) an umbrella.
- Jenny usually (cycle) to school, but today she (take) the bus because it (rain) .
- The bus (leave) at 7.35 and (arrive) at Jenny's school at 7.45.
- The first lesson (begin) at 8 o'clock.
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The eight o'clock train
The story features the trip of a young student, a former seaman, by mail train from Athens to Salonica on a cold February night in mid-seventies. The nightlong journey ignites memories and reflections, which follow the events of that era. At the crossroads of his life, he concentrates his thoughts on what he knows and what has done so far with a glimmer of hope. Will the city embrace him or push him away?
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PREPOSITIONS OF TIME – AT / ON / IN
Online EXERCISES with in, on, at for time / Worksheet PDF
WHEN TO USE AT FOR TIME
- I went to the doctor at 8 o’clock this morning.
- The shops open at 9 a.m.
- I go to bed at midnight.
Although we use AT for an exact or precise time, some phrases do not follow the rule so we also say:
- I play tennis at the weekend.
- He doesn’t work at night. (Note!!! We say in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening)
- At Christmas, we spend a lot of time with our family. (At is used here to the mean the time of the Christmas holidays not Christmas Day. For the day itself, we must say, “on Christmas Day”.
- I’m not working a lot at the moment.
- At the end of the lesson, the teacher gives homework to the students.
Prepositions of Time (at / on / in)
WHEN TO USE ON FOR TIME
- The children are going to the cinema on Monday.
- On Fridays, I go to the gym. (This means, I go to the gym every Friday.)
- I always have a party on my birthday.
- Valentine’s day is on the 14th of February.
- REMEMBER to put THE before date. I went there on THE 5th of July.
WHEN TO USE IN FOR TIME
- I like to go on holiday in winter.
- My birthday is in April.
- I was born in 1995.
- I don’t work in the evening.
- I’m going to start my new job in 5 weeks.
- The lesson starts in 5 minutes. (It is now 8.55 a.m. and the lesson will start at 9 a.m.)
REMEMBER! I go to the gym in the afternoon. BUT – On Mon day afternoon, I’m going to the gym. (We use on here because the first time is the DAY).
DO NOT USE AT / ON / IN WITH THE FOLLOWING WORDS:
- Every week, I have an English lesson on Monday.
- I had an English lesson last Monday.
- Next Monday, I’m going to have an English lesson.
- I don’t have an English lesson today.
- Tomorrow, I’m going to have an extra English lesson.
- Yesterday, I had an English lesson.
Click here for Prepositions of Time Exercises
Practice exercise: prepositions of time.
Click on the links below for more on prepositions: Learn Prepositions of Place
Learn Prepositions of Movement
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"on the eight o'clock train" vs "by the eight o'clock train"
Last Updated: March 31, 2024
on the eight o'clock train
This phrase is correct and commonly used to indicate traveling on the train at that specific time.
- I will meet you on the eight o'clock train platform.
- She always takes the on the eight o'clock train to work.
- He missed the on the eight o'clock train because of traffic.
- They were excited to board the on the eight o'clock train.
- The on the eight o'clock train is usually crowded during rush hour.
Alternatives:
- on the train at eight o'clock
- taking the eight o'clock train
- boarding the train at eight o'clock
- traveling on the eight o'clock train
- catching the eight o'clock train
by the eight o'clock train
This phrase is correct and commonly used to indicate being present or completing an action before the train departs at eight o'clock.
- Make sure you are at the station by the eight o'clock train.
- I need to finish my work by the eight o'clock train departure.
- She always arrives at the station by the eight o'clock train.
- He wanted to buy a ticket by the eight o'clock train time.
- They planned to have breakfast by the eight o'clock train.
- before the eight o'clock train
- prior to the eight o'clock train
- ahead of the eight o'clock train
- in time for the eight o'clock train
- before the departure of the eight o'clock train
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He left ... the 10 o'clock train.
- Thread starter Frannz
- Start date Jan 17, 2024
- Jan 17, 2024
Hi all, i found this question in a quiz, it's just a regular complete the sentence with the following alternatives He left ... the 10 o'clock train. by toward with from Correct answer was "by". Now I am not a native speaker so preposition always are a little tricky to me. I am aware you should normally use "by" with means of transport such as train but I still chose "with" since it seemed to link better with determinative article. Could you tell me why I am wrong? Does "with" seem like an acceptable answer to you too?
sound shift
Senior member.
My initial reaction, before I saw the four options, was "on", and I stand by that.
entangledbank
Yes, 'on' is more likely, but 'by' is possible, not the others.
Hello Frannz - welcome to the forums! I would say either He left by the 10 o'clock train. or He left on the 10 o'clock train. Like sound shift and entangledbank, I'd be more likely to use "on". I wouldn't use "with".
Thanks everybody for your feedback! I agree that on sound better than all the other alternatives. Brilliant!
Generally "with" is used about people in that kind of context. A: Where is Jack? B: He left with Marcel about 6 o'clock. A train is not your buddy that you travel with. - He left by (way of) the 10 o'clock train. That was the method he used to leave. It sounds sort of literary to me and not like something you'd say in conversation but you might read in a book as part of a story.
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Analysis of “Eight O’Clock” by A.E. Housman
Take a quick look at your watch! Or maybe that clock on your Smartphone! If it ain’t no Eight o’Clock in there… get it to Eight! Okay… that was an intro to this post. Let’s get to the point, and do some down-to-earth analysis of “Eight O’Clock” by A.E. Housman, shall we?
The idea of the poem is simple. Time is the most powerful phenomenon in the world and we human beings have no choice. Death is inevitable and it is the ultimate truth of life. The following four-level analysis of “Eight O’Clock” will help you to better understand this masterpiece written by A.E. Housman.
Four-level Analysis of “Eight O’Clock” by A.E. Housman
Literal comprehension (summary).
Literally, this poem is about a man who is going to be hanged by the steeple in an old English town. He is counting the minutes he is left with few moments until 8 o’clock which is when he will be executed. It is really hard for him to fall asleep knowing that he is going to be executed the next morning. No matter how hard he wanted to live, he could do nothing other than wait for his death. At last, the inevitable happens. The clock strikes eight, and he faces his unfortunate fate.
Interpretation
Although the main character in the poem is shown to be a prisoner, it could be any common man from a normal walk of life. On a deeper level, this poem acknowledges the fact that time controls us and our life and death, seeing how it was the clock chime that decided the prisoner’s time of death/execution. Time is the most powerful force in the universe and everyone is helpless in front of it, irrespective of their wealth and social status.
No matter how much you run after money, fame, and prestige, death is the only ultimate truth of life and there’s no way we can avoid it. We are used to taking everything for granted, even the valuable time that we have at the moment. We don’t realize that we had something until it is gone, such as the time we wasted on something insignificant.
The title of the poem “Eight O’Clock” itself is rather symbolic. It refers to the traditional morning hour of execution in England of centuries past. The striking of the clock and the striking of the head of the prisoner is analogous. The speaker is the poet. The dramatic situation is that an unnamed male prisoner is standing, presumably on a scaffold, and waiting to be executed when the clock in the nearby church steeple tolls eight.
Critical Thinking
The poet deserves appreciation for his amazing music-like composition. The beautiful rhyming in the poem gives the reader a sense of inevitability as well as harmony. The significance of the word “struck” is really deep in the poem as it could mean both the time on a clock and the death execution. However, from a critical perspective, the poem is not able to convince its readers on certain points.
There are two sides to life. There are good times and then there are bad times. But the protagonist. Life is full of both happiness and sadness. Life always comes with death, otherwise, life would lose its significance. There is no point in cursing the almighty god for this natural process of life. Rather than staying there and doing nothing, the protagonist could have done something to change his fate or make his life meaningful before actually facing his death. But he just remained idle waiting for his execution. He seems to have a loser mentality.
Assimilation
Until now, I used to just pass my leisure time on insignificant things that made no sense at all. After reading this poem, I have become more self-aware of what I do and how do I spend my time. Time is limited and we have to make the best use of every second we have. I have come to understand the real meaning behind the age-old proverb “time and tide waits for none”.
But just because we are going to die at one point in life doesn’t mean that we die today. We have to give our best and make every day count. It’s worth citing Steve Jobs here with regard to time: “ If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today? ” Make a habit of asking this question to yourself every morning before you start your day.
Good Luck !
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8 O‘clock Train
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Travelling ___ foot is very difficult.
Their flight leaves ___ 8 o'clock.
I would like to ___ a window seat.
The train ___ at 5 o'clock.
is going to leave
He is travelling ... the 8 o'clock train.
She is afraid of travelling ... plane.
The plane is.......... way to travel.
the fastest
more faster
Bicycles are............ than motorcycles.
Bungee jumping is ________________ riding a bike.
dangerouser than
more dangerous than
the most dangerous
Dad's car is much ---- than mine. (fast)
The turtle is the _______________________ animal
The Burj Khalifa is ___________ building of the world.
taller than
the tallest
A plane is ___________ a bus.
the most comfortable
more comfortable than
comfortabler than
the comfortablest
Renault 4 was ________________car in Colombia.
the economicalest
more economical than
the most economical
economicaler than
Cars are _______ than planes.
more beautiful
the biggest
A car is ... than a bike.
most expensive
more expensive
most economic
more economic
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At that moment he is so much conscious of time. To him every second is important. He lives every second restlessly being conscious of every moment. He may be going to be hanged or he may be undergoing a terrible experience. Housman's 'Eight O'clock' is an alliterative poem. The poem moves rhythmically towards the climax.
Complete the sentences. Use Simple Present and Present Progressive. Look! Jenny (go) to school. She (wear) a raincoat and wellies and she (carry) an umbrella. Jenny usually (cycle) to school, but today she (take) the bus because it (rain) . The bus (leave) at 7.35 and (arrive) at Jenny's school at 7.45. The first lesson (begin) at 8 o'clock.
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1. He will come here by the 7 o'clock train. 2. He will come here by 7 o'clock train. 3. He will come here on the 7 o'clock train. B.
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He missed the on the eight o'clock train because of traffic. They were excited to board the on the eight o'clock train. The on the eight o'clock train is usually crowded during rush hour. Alternatives: on the train at eight o'clock; taking the eight o'clock train; boarding the train at eight o'clock; traveling on the eight o'clock train
B: He left with Marcel about 6 o'clock. A train is not your buddy that you travel with. - He left by (way of) the 10 o'clock train. That was the method he used to leave. It sounds sort of literary to me and not like something you'd say in conversation but you might read in a book as part of a story.
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The idea of the poem is simple. Time is the most powerful phenomenon in the world and we human beings have no choice. Death is inevitable and it is the ultimate truth of life. The following four-level analysis of "Eight O'Clock" will help you to better understand this masterpiece written by A.E. Housman. He stood, and heard the steeple .
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