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Motion sickness

Travel sickness.

Peer reviewed by Dr Hayley Willacy, FRCGP Last updated by Dr Colin Tidy, MRCGP Last updated 16 Mar 2023

Meets Patient’s editorial guidelines

In this series: Health advice for travel abroad Travelling to remote locations Ears and flying Jet lag Altitude sickness

Motion sickness (travel sickness) is common, especially in children. It is caused by repeated unusual movements during travelling, which send strong (sometimes confusing) signals to the balance and position sensors in the brain.

What causes motion sickness, how long does motion sickness last, motion sickness symptoms, how to stop motion sickness, natural treatments for motion sickness, motion sickness medicines, what can a doctor prescribe for motion sickness, what should i do if i'm actually sick, what is mal de debarquement syndrome.

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Motion sickness is a normal response to repeated movements, such as going over bumps or around in a circle, send lots of messages to your brain. If you are inside a vehicle, particularly if you are focused on things that are inside the vehicle with you then the signals that your eyes send to the brain may tell it that your position is not changing, whilst your balance mechanisms say otherwise.

Your balance mechanisms in your inner ears sense different signals to those that your eyes are seeing which then sends your brain mixed, confusing messages. This confusion between messages then causes people to experience motion sickness.

Is motion sickness normal?

Motion sickness is a normal response that anyone can have when experiencing real or perceived motion. Although all people can develop motion sickness if exposed to sufficiently intense motion, some people are rarely affected while other people are more susceptible and have to deal with motion sickness very often.

Triggers for motion sickness

Motion sickness can also be triggered by anxiety or strong smells, such as food or petrol. Sometimes trying to read a book or a map can trigger motion sickness. Both in children and adults, playing computer games can sometimes cause motion sickness to occur.

Motion sickness is more common in children and also in women. Fortunately, many children grow out of having motion sickness. It is not known why some people develop motion sickness more than others. Symptoms can develop in cars, trains, planes and boats and on amusement park rides, etc.

Symptoms typically go when the journey is over; however, not always. In some people they last a few hours, or even days, after the journey ends.

There are various symptoms of motion sickness including::

Feeling sick (nausea and vomiting).

Sweating and cold sweats.

Increase in saliva.

Headaches .

Feeling cold and going pale.

Feeling weak.

Some general tips to avoid motion sickness include the following.

Prepare for your journey

Don't eat a heavy meal before travelling. Light, carbohydrate-based food like cereals an hour or two before you travel is best.

On long journeys, try breaking the journey to have some fresh air, drink some cold water and, if possible, take a short walk.

For more in-depth advice on travelling generally, see the separate leaflets called Health Advice for Travel Abroad , Travelling to Remote Locations , Ears and Flying (Aeroplane Ear) , Jet Lag and Altitude Sickness .

Plan where you sit

Keep motion to a minimum. For example, sit in the front seat of a car, over the wing of a plane, or on deck in the middle of a boat.

On a boat, stay on deck and avoid the cafeteria or sitting where your can smell the engines.

Breathe fresh air

Breathe fresh air if possible. For example, open a car window.

Avoid strong smells, particularly petrol and diesel fumes. This may mean closing the window and turning on the air conditioning, or avoiding the engine area in a boat.

Use your eyes and ears differently

Close your eyes (and keep them closed for the whole journey). This reduces 'positional' signals from your eyes to your brain and reduces the confusion.

Don't try to read.

Try listening to an audio book with your eyes closed. There is some evidence that distracting your brain with audio signals can reduce your sensitivity to the motion signals.

Try to sleep - this works mainly because your eyes are closed, but it is possible that your brain is able to ignore some motion signals when you are asleep.

Do not read or watch a film.

It is advisable not to watch moving objects such as waves or other cars. Don't look at things your brain expects to stay still, like a book inside the car. Instead, look ahead, a little above the horizon, at a fixed place.

If you are the driver you are less likely to feel motion sickness. This is probably because you are constantly focused on the road ahead and attuned to the movements that you expect the vehicle to make. If you are not, or can't be, the driver, sitting in the front and watching what the driver is watching can be helpful.

Treat your tummy gently

Avoid heavy meals and do not drink alcohol before and during travelling. It may also be worth avoiding spicy or fatty food.

Try to 'tame your tummy' with sips of a cold water or a sweet, fizzy drink. Cola or ginger ale are recommended.

Try alternative treatments

Sea-Bands® are acupressure bands that you wear on your wrists to put pressure on acupressure points that Chinese medicine suggests affects motion sickness. Some people find that they are effective.

Homeopathic medicines seem to help some people, and will not make you drowsy. The usual homeopathic remedy is called 'nux vom'. Follow the instructions on the packet.

All the techniques above which aim to prevent motion sickness will also help reduce it once it has begun. Other techniques, which are useful on their own to treat motion sickness but can also be used with medicines if required, are:

Breathe deeply and slowly and, while focusing on your breathing, listening to music. This has been proved to be effective in clinical trials.

Ginger - can improve motion sickness in some people (as a biscuit or sweet, or in a drink).

There are several motion sickness medicines available which can reduce, or prevent, symptoms of motion sickness. You can buy them from pharmacies or, in some cases, get them on prescription. They work by interfering with the nerve signals described above.

Medicines are best taken before the journey. They may still help even if you take them after symptoms have begun, although once you feel sick you won't absorb medicines from the stomach very well. So, at this point, tablets that you put against your gums, or skin patches, are more likely to be effective.

Hyoscine is usually the most effective medicine for motion sickness . It is also known as scopolamine. It works by preventing the confusing nerve messages going to your brain.

There are several brands of medicines which contain hyoscine - they also come in a soluble form for children. You should take a dose 30-60 minutes before a journey; the effect can last up to 72 hours. Hyoscine comes as a patch for people aged 10 years or over. (This is only available on prescription - see below.) Side-effects of hyoscine include dry mouth , drowsiness and blurred vision.

Side-effects of motion sickness medicines

Some medicines used for motion sickness may cause drowsiness. Some people are extremely sensitive to this and may find that they are so drowsy that they can't function properly at all. For others the effects may be milder but can still impair your reactions and alertness. It is therefore advisable not to drive and not to operate heavy machinery if you have taken them. In addition, some medicines may interfere with alcohol or other medication; your doctor or the pharmacist can advise you about this.

Antihistamines

Antihistamines can also be useful , although they are not quite as effective as hyoscine. However, they usually cause fewer side-effects. Several types of antihistamine are sold for motion sickness. All can cause drowsiness, although some are more prone to cause it than others; for example, promethazine , which may be of use for young children on long journeys, particularly tends to cause drowsiness. Older children or adults may prefer one that is less likely to cause drowsiness - for example, cinnarizine or cyclizine.

Remember, if you give children medicines which cause drowsiness they can sometimes be irritable when the medicines wear off.

See the separate article called How to manage motion sickness .

There are a number of anti-sickness medicines which can only be prescribed by your doctor. Not all of them always work well for motion sickness, and finding something that works may be a case of trial and error. All of them work best taken up to an hour before your journey, and work less well if used when you already feel sick. See also the separate leaflet called Nausea (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment) for more detailed information about these medicines .

Hyoscine patch

Hyoscine, or scopolamine, patches are suitable for adults and for children over 10 years old. The medicine is absorbed through your skin, although this method of medicine delivery is slow so the patch works best if applied well before your journey.

You should stick the patch on to the skin behind the ear 5-6 hours before travelling (often this will mean late on the previous night) and remove it at the end of the journey.

Prochlorperazine

Prochlorperazine is a prescription-only medicine which works by changing the actions of the chemicals that control the tendency to be sick (vomit), in your brain. One form of prochlorperazine is Buccastem®, which is absorbed through your gums and does not need to be swallowed. Buccastem® tastes rather bitter but it can be effective for sickness when you are already feeling sick, as it doesn't have to be absorbed by the stomach.

Metoclopramide

Metoclopramide is a tablet used to speed up the emptying of your tummy. Slow emptying of the tummy is something that happens when you develop nausea and vomiting, so metoclopramide can help prevent this. It prevents nausea and vomiting quite effectively in some people. It can occasionally have unpleasant side-effects, particularly in children (in whom it is not recommended). Metoclopramide is often helpful for those who tend to have gastric reflux, those who have slow tummy emptying because of previous surgery, and those who have type 1 diabetes. Your GP will advise whether metoclopramide is suitable for you.

Domperidone

Domperidone , like metoclopramide, is sometimes used for sickness caused by slow tummy emptying. It is not usually recommended for motion sickness but is occasionally used if other treatments don't help. Domperidone is not a legal medicine in some countries, including the USA.

Ondansetron

Ondansetron is a powerful antisickness medicine which is most commonly used for sickness caused by chemotherapy, and occasionally used for morning sickness in pregnancy. It is not usually effective for motion sickness. This, and its relatively high cost means that it is not prescribed for motion sickness alone. However, for those undergoing chemotherapy, and for those who have morning sickness aggravated by travel, ondansetron may be helpful.

If you're actually sick you may find that this relieves your symptoms a little, although not always for very long. If you've been sick:

Try a cool flannel on your forehead, try to get fresh air on your face and do your best to find a way to rinse your mouth to get rid of the taste.

Don't drink anything for ten to twenty minutes (or it may come straight back), although (very) tiny sips of very cold water, coke or ginger ale may help.

After this, go back to taking all the prevention measures above.

Once you reach your destination you may continue to feel unwell. Sleep if you can, sip cold iced water, and - when you feel ready - try some small carbohydrate snacks. Avoid watching TV (more moving objects to watch!) until you feel a little better.

The sensation called 'mal de debarquement' (French for sickness on disembarking) refers to the sensation you sometimes get after travel on a boat, train or plane, when you feel for a while as though the ground is rocking beneath your feet. It is probably caused by the overstimulation of the balance organs during your journey. It usually lasts only an hour or two, but in some people it can last for several days, particularly after a long sea journey. It does not usually require any treatment.

Persistent mal de debarquement syndrome is an uncommon condition in which these symptoms may persist for months or years.

Dr Mary Lowth is an author or the original author of this leaflet.

Article History

The information on this page is written and peer reviewed by qualified clinicians.

Next review due: 14 Mar 2028

16 mar 2023 | latest version.

Last updated by

Peer reviewed by

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ANDREW BRAINARD, MD, MPH, AND CHIP GRESHAM, MD

Am Fam Physician. 2014;90(1):41-46

Patient information : See related handout on motion sickness , written by the authors of this article.

Author disclosure: No relevant financial affiliations.

Motion sickness is a common syndrome that occurs upon exposure to certain types of motion. It is thought to be caused by conflict between the vestibular, visual, and other proprioceptive systems. Although nausea is the hallmark symptom, it is often preceded by stomach awareness, malaise, drowsiness, and irritability. Early self-diagnosis should be emphasized, and patients should be counseled about behavioral and pharmacologic strategies to prevent motion sickness before traveling. Patients should learn to identify situations that will lead to motion sickness and minimize the amount of unpleasant motion they are exposed to by avoiding difficult conditions while traveling or by positioning themselves in the most stable part of the vehicle. Slow, intermittent exposure to the motion can reduce symptoms. Other behavioral strategies include watching the true visual horizon, steering the vehicle, tilting their head into turns, or lying down with their eyes closed. Patients should also attempt to reduce other sources of physical, mental, and emotional discomfort. Scopolamine is a first-line medication for prevention of motion sickness and should be administered transdermally several hours before the anticipated motion exposure. First-generation antihistamines, although sedating, are also effective. Nonsedating antihistamines, ondansetron, and ginger root are not effective in the prevention and treatment of motion sickness.

Motion sickness is a syndrome that occurs when a patient is exposed to certain types of motion and usually resolves soon after its cessation. It is a common response to motion stimuli during travel. Although nausea is a hallmark symptom, the syndrome includes symptoms ranging from vague malaise to completely incapacitating illness. These symptoms, which can affect the patient's recreation, employment, and personal safety, can occur within minutes of experiencing motion and can last for several hours after its cessation.

Nearly all persons will have symptoms in response to severe motion stimuli, and a history of motion sickness best predicts future symptoms. 1 Females, children two to 15 years of age, and persons with conditions associated with nausea (e.g., early pregnancy, migraines, vestibular syndromes) report increased susceptibility.

The pathogenesis of motion sickness is not clearly understood, but it is thought to be related to conflict between the vestibular, visual, and other proprioceptive systems. 2 Rotary, vertical, and low-frequency motions produce more symptoms than linear, horizontal, and high-frequency motions. 1

Clinical Presentation

Although nausea may be the first recognized symptom of motion sickness, it is almost always preceded by other subtle symptoms such as stomach awareness (i.e., a sensation of fullness in the epigastrium), malaise, drowsiness, and irritability. Failure to attribute early symptoms to motion sickness may lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Although mild symptoms are common, severely debilitating symptoms are rare 2 ( Table 1 1 , 2 ) .

Behavioral Interventions

Prevention of motion sickness is more effective than treating symptoms after they have occurred. Therefore, patients should learn to identify situations that may lead to motion sickness and be able to initiate behavioral strategies to prevent or minimize symptoms 1 , 2 ( Table 2 1 – 13 ) .

MINIMIZE VESTIBULAR MOTION

Patients should be advised to avoid traveling in difficult weather conditions. If they must travel, they should sit in the part of the vehicle with the least amount of rotational and vertical motion. 2 This is usually the lowest level in trains and buses, close to water level and in the center of boats, and over the wing on airplanes.

HABITUATE TO MOTION

With continuous exposure to motion, symptoms of motion sickness will usually subside in one to two days. Alternatively, slow, intermittent habituation to motion is an effective strategy to reduce symptoms. 1 For example, spending the first night aboard a boat in the marina, followed by a day acclimating in the harbor, is preferable to going straight into the open ocean.

SYNCHRONIZE THE VISUAL SYSTEM WITH THE MOTION

A small study found that focusing on the true horizon (skyline) minimized symptoms of motion sickness. 5 A survey of 3,256 bus passengers suggested that forward vision was helpful in reducing symptoms. 3 Another study indicated that forward vision in a car can reduce symptoms. 4

ACTIVELY SYNCHRONIZE THE BODY WITH THE MOTION

Actively steering the vehicle is an accepted strategy for reducing symptoms of motion sickness, although evidence is limited. 7 Additionally, a small study of automobile passengers found that actively tilting the head into turns was effective in preventing symptoms. 6 A survey of 260 cruise ship passengers supported the common advice to recline and passively stabilize themselves if they are unable to initiate active movements. 8

REDUCE OTHER SOURCES OF PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND EMOTIONAL DISCOMFORT

Frequent consumption of light, soft, bland, low-fat, and low-acid food can minimize symptoms of motion sickness. 2 Treating gastritis is useful, 2 as is avoiding nausea-inducing stimuli (e.g., alcohol, noxious odors). Discussing symptoms with others can exacerbate the condition. Passengers should be well rested, well hydrated, well fed, and comfortable before beginning travel. Small studies have shown that cognitive behavior therapy, mindful breathing, and listening to music may also reduce symptoms of motion sickness. 9 , 10 , 13

Medications

Medications are most effective when taken prophylactically before traveling, or as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms 2 ( Table 3 1 , 2 , 14 – 23 ) . Medications are most effective when combined with behavioral strategies. To familiarize themselves with common side effects, patients should first take medications in a comfortable environment before using them for motion sickness during travel.

SCOPOLAMINE

Scopolamine, an anticholinergic, is a first-line option for preventing motion sickness in persons who wish to maintain wakefulness during travel. 2 , 20 , 24 A Cochrane review of 14 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed that scopolamine is effective for the prevention of motion sickness. 14 A more recent RCT of 76 naval crew members showed that transdermal scopolamine is more effective and has fewer side effects than the antihistamine cinnarizine (not available in the United States). 15 If the recommended dose of scopolamine does not adequately relieve symptoms, the dose may be doubled. Adding a second patch of transdermal scopolamine was well tolerated in a small RCT of 20 sailors. 25

ANTIHISTAMINES

First-generation antihistamines have been used to treat motion sickness since the 1940s. 1 They are generally recommended for patients who can tolerate their sedative effects. 2 , 20 Cyclizine (Marezine), dimenhydrinate, promethazine, and meclizine (Antivert) demonstrated effectiveness in small RCTs of varying quality. 16 – 19 Nonsedating antihistamines are not effective in preventing or treating motion sickness. 26

OTHER MEDICATIONS

Benzodiazepines are occasionally administered for severe symptoms of motion sickness and have been proven effective in a single small study. 27 The serotonin agonist rizatriptan (Maxalt) reduced motion sickness symptoms in a single RCT of 25 patients with recurrent migraines. 28 The serotonin antagonist ondansetron (Zofran) is ineffective for the prevention and treatment of motion sickness. 29 , 30

COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES

Although ginger root is often reported to prevent motion sickness, it had no statistically significant effects in an RCT of 80 naval cadets. 31 A single RCT of pregnant women showed that stimulation of the P6 acupressure point on the anterior wrist increased their tolerance of motion stimuli. 32 Controlled trials of behavioral, pharmacologic, or alternative therapies for motion sickness have demonstrated strong placebo effects. Therefore, treatments are likely to be most effective if the patient believes that they will work. 11 , 12

Data Sources : PubMed was searched using the MeSH headings motion sickness, ships, movement, space motion sickness, and travel. Additional searches were performed in Essential Evidence Plus, UpToDate, Medscape, and BMJ Clinical Evidence. Search dates: March 2012 through March 2014.

Golding JF. Motion sickness susceptibility. Auton Neurosci. 2006;129(1–2):67-76.

Shupak A, Gordon CR. Motion sickness: advances in pathogenesis, prediction, prevention, and treatment. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2006;77(12):1213-1223.

Turner M, Griffin MJ. Motion sickness in public road transport: the relative importance of motion, vision and individual differences. Br J Psychol. 1999;90(pt 4):519-530.

Griffin MJ, Newman MM. Visual field effects on motion sickness in cars. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2004;75(9):739-748.

Bos JE, MacKinnon SN, Patterson A. Motion sickness symptoms in a ship motion simulator: effects of inside, outside, and no view. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2005;76(12):1111-1118.

Wada T, Konno H, Fujisawa S, Doi S. Can passengers' active head tilt decrease the severity of carsickness? Effect of head tilt on severity of motion sickness in a lateral acceleration environment. Hum Factors. 2012;54(2):226-234.

Rolnick A, Lubow RE. Why is the driver rarely motion sick? The role of controllability in motion sickness. Ergonomics. 1991;34(7):867-879.

Gahlinger PM. Cabin location and the likelihood of motion sickness in cruise ship passengers. J Travel Med. 2000;7(3):120-124.

Dobie TG, May JG. The effectiveness of a motion sickness counselling programme. Br J Clin Psychol. 1995;34(pt 2):301-311.

Yen Pik Sang FD, Billar JP, Golding JF, Gresty MA. Behavioral methods of alleviating motion sickness: effectiveness of controlled breathing and a music audiotape. J Travel Med. 2003;10(2):108-111.

Horing B, Weimer K, Schrade D, et al. Reduction of motion sickness with an enhanced placebo instruction: an experimental study with healthy participants. Psychosom Med. 2013;75(5):497-504.

Eden D, Zuk Y. Seasickness as a self-fulfilling prophecy: raising self-efficacy to boost performance at sea. J Appl Psychol. 1995;80(5):628-635.

Denise P, Vouriot A, Normand H, Golding JF, Gresty MA. Effect of temporal relationship between respiration and body motion on motion sickness. Auton Neurosci. 2009;151(2):142-146.

Spinks A, Wasiak J. Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;6:CD002851.

Gil A, Nachum Z, Tal D, Shupak A. A comparison of cinnarizine and transdermal scopolamine for the prevention of seasickness in naval crew: a double-blind, randomized, crossover study. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2012;35(1):37-39.

Estrada A, LeDuc PA, Curry IP, Phelps SE, Fuller DR. Airsickness prevention in helicopter passengers. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2007;78(4):408-413.

Brand JJ, Colquhoun WP, Gould AH, Perry WL. (—)-Hyoscine and cyclizine as motion sickness remedies. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1967;30(3):463-469.

Weinstein SE, Stern RM. Comparison of marezine and dramamine in preventing symptoms of motion sickness. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1997;68(10):890-894.

Paul MA, MacLellan M, Gray G. Motion-sickness medications for aircrew: impact on psychomotor performance. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2005;76(6):560-565.

Sherman CR. Motion sickness: review of causes and preventive strategies. J Travel Med. 2002;9(5):251-256.

Zajonc TP, Roland PS. Vertigo and motion sickness. Part II: pharmacologic treatment. Ear Nose Throat J. 2006;85(1):25-35.

Gordon CR, Shupak A. Prevention and treatment of motion sickness in children. CNS Drugs. 1999;12(5):369-381.

McDonald K, Trick L, Boyle J. Sedation and antihistamines: an update. Review of inter-drug differences using proportional impairment ratios. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2008;23(7):555-570.

Nachum Z, Shupak A, Gordon CR. Transdermal scopolamine for prevention of motion sickness: clinical pharmacokinetics and therapeutic applications. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2006;45(6):543-566.

Bar R, Gil A, Tal D. Safety of double-dose transdermal scopolamine. Pharmacotherapy. 2009;29(9):1082-1088.

Cheung BS, Heskin R, Hofer KD. Failure of cetirizine and fexofenadine to prevent motion sickness. Ann Pharmacother. 2003;37(2):173-177.

McClure JA, Lycett P, Baskerville JC. Diazepam as an anti-motion sickness drug. J Otolaryngol. 1982;11(4):253-259.

Furman JM, Marcus DA, Balaban CD. Rizatriptan reduces vestibular-induced motion sickness in migraineurs. J Headache Pain. 2011;12(1):81-88.

Muth ER, Elkins AN. High dose ondansetron for reducing motion sickness in highly susceptible subjects. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2007;78(7):686-692.

Hershkovitz D, Asna N, Shupak A, Kaminski G, Bar R, Tal D. Ondansetron for the prevention of seasickness in susceptible sailors: an evaluation at sea. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2009;80(7):643-646.

Grøntved A, Brask T, Kambskard J, Hentzer E. Ginger root against seasickness. A controlled trial on the open sea. Acta Otolaryngol. 1988;105(1–2):45-49.

Alkaissi A, Ledin T, Odkvist LM, Kalman S. P6 acupressure increases tolerance to nauseogenic motion stimulation in women at high risk for PONV. Can J Anaesth. 2005;52(7):703-709.

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More in AFP

Motion Sickness

Is this your child's symptom.

Dizziness or nausea from spinning or rolling motions

Symptoms of Motion Sickness

Dizziness and unsteady walking
Nausea and vomiting are also common
Before age 6, the main symptom is dizziness and the need to lie down.
After age 12, the main symptom is nausea (feeling sick to the stomach).

Causes of Motion Sickness

Symptoms are mainly triggered by motion. Sea sickness or amusement park sickness are the most common types. Fun-park rides that spin or whirl are some of the main causes. The Tilt-a-whirl is a good example of a ride to avoid. Also seen during travel by train, aircraft and even car.
The cause is a sensitive center in the inner ear. This center helps to maintain balance.
As a car passenger driving on winding roads, 25% of people will have symptoms. Under extreme conditions (e.g., high seas) over 90% of people have symptoms.
Strongly genetic: If one parent has it, 50% of the children will have it.
It is not related to emotional problems. The child cannot control it with will power.
Motion sickness symptoms are often worse in children.

When to Call for Motion Sickness

Call doctor or seek care now.

Your child looks or acts very sick
You think your child needs to be seen, and the problem is urgent

Contact Doctor Within 24 Hours

Motion sickness symptoms last more than 8 hours
You think your child needs to be seen, but the problem is not urgent

Contact Doctor During Office Hours

You have other questions or concerns

Self Care at Home

Motion sickness symptoms

Seattle Children's Urgent Care Locations

If your child’s illness or injury is life-threatening, call 911.

Federal Way
Virtual Urgent Care

Care Advice for Motion Sickness

Motion sickness is a common normal reaction that occurs in 25% of people.
Caused by increased sensitivity of the inner ear.
It is not related to emotional problems or any physical disease.
In the future, take a special medicine ahead of time to prevent it.
Here is some care advice that should help.
Have your child lie down and rest. If your child goes to sleep, all the better.
Give only sips of clear fluids. Water is best. Do this until the stomach settles down.
Prepare for vomiting. Keep a vomiting pan handy.
Usually, children don't vomit more than once with motion sickness.
All symptoms of motion sickness usually go away in 4 hours after stopping the motion.
As for the future, people usually don't outgrow motion sickness. Sometimes, it becomes less severe in adults.
Buy some dimenhydrinate tablets (such as Dramamine) at your drug store. No prescription is needed. In the future, give it to prevent motion sickness.
It comes in 50 mg regular and chewable tablets or in 25 mg Kids chewable tablets.
Dosage by age: do not use under age 2.
2 to 5 years (12.5 mg): ½ Kids chewable
6 to 11 years (25 mg): 1 Kids chewable
12 and older (50 mg): 1 regular tablet or chewable
Give the medicine 1 hour before traveling or going to a fun-park.
The tablets give 6 hours of protection and are very helpful.
Benadryl can also be used to prevent motion sickness. Use this if you do not have any Dramamine.
If your child is over 12 years old, sit him in the front seat.
Before age 12, have your child sit in the middle back seat. This should help him look out the front window.
Have your child look out the front window, not the side one.
Discourage looking at books or movies during car travel.
Keep a window cracked to provide fresh air.
Avoid exhaust fumes from other vehicles.
Meals: Have your child eat light meals before trips. Some children can just tolerate crackers and water.
Plastic Bags: Always carry a ziplock plastic bag for vomiting emergencies.
Acupressure bands (such as Sea-Bands) are helpful for some adults.
There is no reason they shouldn't work for some children.
Put them on before car trips or other causes of motion sickness.
The pressure button goes over the center of the wrist. Place ½ inch (1 cm) above the wrist crease.
Any symptoms last over 8 hours
You think your child needs to be seen
Your child becomes worse

And remember, contact your doctor if your child develops any of the 'Call Your Doctor' symptoms.

Disclaimer: this health information is for educational purposes only. You, the reader, assume full responsibility for how you choose to use it.

Last Reviewed: 10/11/2023

Last Revised: 12/30/2022

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Motion sickness: First aid

Any type of transportation can cause motion sickness. It can strike suddenly, progressing from a feeling of uneasiness to a cold sweat, dizziness and vomiting. It usually quiets down as soon as the motion stops. The more you travel, the more easily you'll adjust to being in motion.

You might avoid motion sickness by planning ahead. When traveling, avoid sitting in the rear of the vehicle or in seats that face backward. Pick seats where you'll feel motion least:

By ship, request a cabin in the front or middle of the ship near the water level.
By plane, ask for a seat over the front edge of a wing. Once aboard, direct the air vent flow to your face.
By train, take a forward-facing seat near the front and next to a window.
By automobile, drive or sit in the front passenger's seat. Children should be in age-appropriate seats and restraints.

If you're susceptible to motion sickness:

Focus on the horizon or on a distant, stationary object. Don't read or use electronic devices while traveling.
Keep your head still, while resting against a seat back.
Don't smoke and don't sit near smokers.
Avoid strong odors, spicy and greasy foods, and alcohol.
Take an antihistamine, which you can buy without a prescription. Medicines include dimenhydrinate (Dramamine, Driminate, others) and meclizine (Dramamine Less Drowsy, Travel-Ease, others). Dimenhydrinate is safe for children older than age 2. Take these medicines at least 30 to 60 minutes before you travel. Expect drowsiness as a side effect.
Consider scopolamine, available in a prescription adhesive patch called Transderm Scop. Several hours before you plan to travel, apply the patch behind your ear for 72-hour protection. Talk to your health care provider before using the medicine if you have health problems such as glaucoma or urine retention.
Try ginger. A ginger supplement combined with ginger snaps, ginger ale or candied ginger might help curb nausea.
Eat lightly. Some people find that nibbling on plain crackers and sipping cold water or a carbonated drink without caffeine help.
Ferri FF. Motion sickness. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2023. Elsevier; 2023. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Nov. 29, 2022.
Bennett JE, et al. Protection of travelers. In: Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Nov. 29, 2022.
Priesol AJ. Motion sickness. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Nov. 29, 2022.
Motion sickness. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/motion-sickness. Accessed Nov. 29, 2022.
Kc Leung A, et al. Motion sickness: An overview. Drugs in Context. 2019; doi:10.7573/dic.2019-9-4.
Dimenhydrinate oral. Facts & Comparisons eAnswers. https://fco.factsandcomparisons.com. Accessed Nov. 29, 2022.

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About motion sickness

Motion sickness or travel sickness happens when your inner ear ‘tells’ your brain you’re moving but your eyes ‘say’ that your body is still . Or it can happen the other way around – your inner ear says you’re still, and your eyes say you’re moving. Either way, there’s a clash of information in the brain, which can cause vomiting, nausea and dizziness.

Motion sickness often happens when children travel in cars or on buses, but it can happen on planes and ships too. Children might also get motion sickness when they go on swings, roundabouts, ferris wheels or amusement park rides. Some children get motion sickness when they play video games.

Motion sickness is common in children. Almost 1 in 2 children get motion sickness at some stage. Children aged 10-12 years are most likely to get motion sickness. Children older than this are less likely to get it. It’s also unusual for children under 12 months to get motion sickness.

Children with a family or personal history of migraines or motion sickness, inner ear conditions like vertigo , or a fear of heights are more likely to get motion sickness.

Symptoms of motion sickness

If your child has motion sickness, they might:

have nausea
have a headache
feel that something bad or unusual is about to happen
seem uncoordinated.

Young children might not be able to tell you how they’re feeling. So if your younger child seems pale, afraid, distressed or lethargic when you’re travelling, they might have motion sickness.

You might notice that your child doesn’t want to get in your car or go on the bus. Or there might be play equipment that your child doesn’t like. These could be signs that your child gets motion sickness but can’t tell you about it.

Medical help: when to get it for children with motion sickness

Motion sickness usually goes away by itself, often after your child gets out of the moving vehicle.

But if your child vomits a lot when they travel, take your child to see your GP .

Your GP will ask about your child’s symptoms. If the GP thinks that your child has motion sickness, they might suggest strategies and medicines to help.

How to handle motion sickness

Your child might be able to avoid motion sickness by:

looking at the road ahead or at the horizon
trying to keep their head still
not reading or using devices while travelling
getting some fresh air by opening a window or turning on a fan
eating and drinking small amounts regularly, rather than having large meals
singing songs or playing games to take their mind off feeling sick
taking breaks from travel every so often, if possible.

Where your child sits in a train, bus, plane or car can affect whether they get motion sickness. Your child might be able to avoid motion sickness by sitting:

in a forward-facing seat on a train or bus
in a seat near the wings of a plane
in a front car seat, if they can do so legally and safely
on the lower deck of a ship.

These locations can reduce your child’s sensation of being in a moving vehicle, which can help your child avoid motion sickness.

If you know your child gets motion sickness a lot, it can be a good idea to have a container, disposable bags, wipes and a spare change of clothes handy, in case your child vomits.

Medicines and other treatment for motion sickness

If the strategies above don’t help with your child’s motion sickness, you might want to talk to your GP about motion sickness medicine.

Your doctor might suggest over-the-counter medicines or prescribe medicines like antihistamines or anticholinergics to prevent motion sickness. Note that only antihistamines that cause drowsiness are effective. And both antihistamines and anticholinergics can have side effects, like drowsiness and dry mouth. They shouldn’t be used in children under 2 years of age.

Some people find that sucking on a ginger lolly or wearing an acupressure wrist band help with symptoms. But there’s no strong evidence to suggest that these approaches prevent motion sickness.

Medications for Motion Sickness

Other names: Sea Sickness

A disturbance of the inner ear that is caused by repeated motion

Drugs used to treat Motion Sickness

The medications listed below are related to or used in the treatment of this condition.

Frequently asked questions

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How long does Benadryl take to work?
Does Benadryl help with or cause anxiety?
Does Benadryl make you sleepy?
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride vs Citrate: What's the difference?
Does Ginger interact with any drugs?
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View more FAQ

Alternative treatments for Motion Sickness

The following products are considered to be alternative treatments or natural remedies for Motion Sickness. Their efficacy may not have been scientifically tested to the same degree as the drugs listed in the table above. However, there may be historical, cultural or anecdotal evidence linking their use to the treatment of Motion Sickness.

Dramamine Non Drowsy

Learn more about Motion Sickness

Care guides.

Motion Sickness

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

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Motion Sickness

Motion sickness happens when the movement you see is different from what your inner ear senses. This can cause dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. You can get motion sick in a car, or on a train, airplane, boat, or amusement park ride. Motion sickness can make traveling unpleasant, but there are strategies to prevent and treat it.

Preventing motion sickness without medicine

Avoiding situations that cause motion sickness is the best way to prevent it, but that is not always possible when you are traveling. The following strategies can help you avoid or lessen motion sickness.

Sit in the front of a car or bus.
Choose a window seat on flights and trains.
If possible, try lying down, shutting your eyes, sleeping, or looking at the horizon.
Stay hydrated by drinking water. Limit alcoholic and caffeinated beverages.
Eat small amounts of food frequently.
Avoid smoking. Even stopping for a short period of time helps.
Try and distract yourself with activities, such as listening to music.
Use flavored lozenges, such as ginger candy.

Using medicines for motion sickness

Medicines can be used to prevent or treat motion sickness, although many of them cause drowsiness. Talk to a healthcare professional to decide if you should take medicines for motion sickness. Commonly used medicines are diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), and scopolamine.

Special Consideration for Children

Motion sickness is more common in children ages 2 to 12 years old.

Some medicines used to prevent or treat motion sickness are not recommended for children. Talk to your healthcare professional about medicines and correct dosing of medicines for motion sickness for children. Only give the recommended dosage.

Although motion sickness medicines can make people sleepy, it can have the opposite effect for some children, causing them to be very active. Ask your doctor if you should give your child a test dose before traveling.

More Information

Motion Sickness in CDC Yellow Book

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How to Prevent and Treat Car Sickness in Kids

January 30, 2023

Car sickness is a common problem in young children—but don’t blame it on the car. It’s actually a form of motion sickness, a broader condition in which movement brings on symptoms such as dizziness and nausea. This problem may occur not only in cars, but also on boats, planes, trains and amusement park rides.

Why do some little ones feel sick more easily than others? Douglas Hackenberg, MD at University Hospitals Rainbow Children’s Medical Group, explains that the issue may be due to increased sensitivity in part of the inner ear that plays a key role in balance, as well as the brain receiving signals from eye, ears and other sensations.

Taking Preventive Steps

“Young children ages 2 to 12 are especially prone to motion sickness,” says Dr. Hackenberg. “If it isn’t managed, it can make traveling stressful for everyone. But by planning ahead, you can usually keep it in check”. He suggests trying these tips:

Use anti-motion sickness medicine. Dimenhydrinate (such as Dramamine) is sold in chewable tablets for kids ages 2 and older. It’s available without a prescription. This medicine should be given an hour before traveling, and one dose helps prevent symptoms for about six hours.
Consider child-sized acupressure wristband s (such as Sea-Bands) for additional help. Putting a band around each of your child’s wrists before beginning your trip may help relieve nausea by stimulating pressure points.
Bring the right entertainment along. Looking at a book or device screen may trigger symptoms. Listening to music or an audio story is a better option.
Focusing on objects outside of the car. Sometimes fresh air and focusing attention outside of the vehicle can provide enough additional information to the brain to ease the cycle of motion sickness.

Caring for Motion Sickness

Many people associate motion sickness with throwing up. But in children younger than age 6, the main symptoms are dizziness and wanting to lie down. Other potential symptoms include unsteady walking, nausea and vomiting.

If symptoms of motion sickness have already begun, offer only sips of water until your child’s tummy settles down. Keep a vomit pan or bag handy, just in case. Encourage rest – your little one may even doze off.

“The good news is that motion sickness usually goes away within four hours after the motion stops,” says Dr. Hackenberg. “If the symptoms last for more than eight hours however, you should call your child’s pediatrician for advice.”

If your child feels dizzy or unsteady, and it doesn’t seem linked to movement, talk with your child’s pediatrician. This may be a sign of something else, such as vertigo (an abnormal spinning sensation) or other issues with the body’s balance system.

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Motion sickness

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Motion sickness is also known as travel sickness, car sickness or sea sickness.
If you have motion sickness, you are likely to have nausea and may vomit and feel clammy.
You can help prevent motion sickness by looking outside of the vehicle or focusing on the horizon.
Symptoms usually end once the motion stops.
You can try travel sickness treatments to help prevent motion sickness.

What is motion sickness?

Motion sickness is feeling unwell when moving on any type of transport. It is also known as ‘travel sickness’, 'car sickness' or 'sea sickness'. It is a normal response to certain types of movement.

There are a few ways to prevent and manage motion sickness.

What are the symptoms of motion sickness?

Nausea is the main symptom of motion sickness. But you might also experience other symptoms, including:

vomiting or retching
cold sweating
lack of appetite
dry mouth or excess saliva
increased sensitivity to smell

If you are prone to motion sickness, you may quickly feel sick if you read a book or look at your phone when in a moving vehicle.

You might feel better after vomiting, and symptoms will generally improve once you stop moving. But you can also feel the after-effects of motion sickness for a few hours or a few days before fully recovering.

What causes motion sickness?

Motion sickness is thought to be caused by your senses being confused when what you see is different to the signals felt by your inner ear balance system .

If you are feeling anxious about travel, this can make motion sickness worse.

You can get motion sick when:

travelling by car, bus, boat, train or aeroplane
on amusement park rides
playing virtual reality video games or simulations

Motion sickness is a common problem. It is most frequent in children aged between 2 and 12 years. If other family members get motion sickness, it is more likely that you will too.

A small tile image of an infographic which covers Healthy holiday

If you already have a condition that causes nausea, such as morning sickness or migraines , you may be more likely to experience motion sickness.

How is motion sickness diagnosed?

You don’t need to see a doctor or get any tests for a diagnosis of motion sickness. There is a pattern of feeling unwell during travel or movement, so you will probably know if you have it.

If you often feel dizzy or nauseous at other times too, discuss this with your doctor.

ASK YOUR DOCTOR — Preparing for an appointment? Use the Question Builder for general tips on what to ask your GP or specialist.

How is motion sickness treated and prevented?

Practical tips.

Here are some tips for preventing motion sickness:

Look out of the window, and focus on the horizon instead of looking at a book or a screen.
Try to sit or lie still and rest your head on a pillow or headrest.
Sit close to the front of a car, bus or train.
If flying, sit still and close your eyes during take-off and landing.
Listen to music and breathe mindfully .
Open the window or air vent for fresh air.
Eat lightly before and during the trip and avoid alcohol. Sip water instead.

Pressure bands worn on your wrists may help prevent motion sickness in some people.

If you are travelling by sea, after a few days of exposure to the motion you will likely adapt and get used to it.

You can try taking travel sickness medicines to prevent motion sickness. These may include:

antihistamines
antiemetics (medications to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting)

There might be side effects, such as drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist or doctor for advice on what to take. Getting advice is especially important:

for children
if you are taking other medicines
if you are pregnant

If you are using a travel sickness medicine, you should take it about half an hour before travel. If you have motion sickness and you already feel nauseous, it is probably too late to take a medicine. Eating a few plain crackers or having a clear, fizzy drink may help.

If you or your child regularly suffer from motion sickness, make sure you have a container, plastic bags and wipes handy. Take a break for some fresh air when needed.

Resources and support

Ask your doctor or pharmacist how to prevent and treat motion sickness.

Visit the Australian Government Smart Traveller website for more travel health advice.

You can also call the healthdirect helpline on 1800 022 222 (known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). A registered nurse is available to speak with 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

FIND A HEALTH SERVICE — The Service Finder can help you find doctors, pharmacies, hospitals and other health services.

Learn more here about the development and quality assurance of healthdirect content .

Last reviewed: October 2023

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Many people eventually grow out of motion sickness (travel sickness), but for those who don’t there are treatments available and things you can do to help prevent it and ease the symptoms.

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Travelling during Pregnancy

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An Overview of Nausea and Vomiting in Adults | Ausmed

Nausea and vomiting are not conditions themselves - rather, they are non-specific symptoms associated with a variety of conditions. Nausea describes a feeling of unease in the stomach, chest or throat. Vomiting (emesis) is the physical act of forcibly ejecting stomach contents through the mouth.

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Dramamine® For Kids

Dramamine® for Kids is the only medicated motion sickness relief product formulated just for children ages 2-12 from the #1 Pharmacist Recommended Brand.

● Treats symptoms on the spot ● Prevents nausea, dizziness, vomiting & queasiness ● Safe, precise dose in a fun, chewable grape flavor ● Convenient travel case

Available in an 8-count box.

To prevent motion sickness, the first dose should be taken 1/2 to 1 hour before starting activity.

To prevent or treat motion sickness, see below:

Children 2 to under 6 years: give ½ to 1 chewable tablet every 6-8 hours; do not give more than 3 chewable tablets in 24 hours, or as directed by a doctor
Children 6 to under 12 years: give 1 to 2 chewable tablets every 6-8 hours; do not give more than 6 chewable tablets in 24 hours, or as directed by a doctor

Other information

Phenylketonurics: contains phenylalanine 0.375 mg per tablet
Store at room temperature 20°-25°C (68°-77°F)

Ingredients

Active Ingredient (in each tablet)

Ingredient: Dimenhydrinate 25mg Purpose: Antiemetic

Inactive Ingredients Aspartame, citric acid, flavor, magnesium stearate, methacrylic acide copolymer, sorbitol

Do not use for children under 2 years of age unless directed by a doctor

Ask a doctor before use if the child has:

A breathing problem such as emphysema or chronic bronchitis

Ask a doctor or a pharmacist before use if the child is taking sedatives or tranquilizers.

When using this product:

Marked drowsiness may occur
Avoid alcoholic drinks
Alcohol, sedatives, and tranquilizers may increase drowsiness
Be careful when driving a motor vehicle or operating machinery

If pregnant or breast-feeding, ask a doctor before use.

Keep out of reach of children. In case of accidental overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) right away.

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Nausea and labyrinth disorders

Drug treatment.

Antiemetics are generally only prescribed when the cause of vomiting is known because otherwise, they may delay diagnosis, particularly in children. If antiemetic drug treatment is indicated, the drug is chosen according to the aetiology of vomiting.

Antihistamines (e.g. cinnarizine , cyclizine , promethazine hydrochloride , promethazine teoclate ) are effective against nausea and vomiting resulting from many underlying conditions. The duration of action and incidence of adverse effects, such as drowsiness and antimuscarinic effects, differ between antihistamines.

The phenothiazines (e.g. chlorpromazine hydrochloride , prochlorperazine , trifluoperazine ) are dopamine antagonists and act centrally by blocking the chemoreceptor trigger zone. Severe dystonic reactions sometimes occur with phenothiazines, especially in children. Prochlorperazine is less sedating and available as a buccal tablet for children aged 12 years and over, which can be useful in patients with persistent vomiting or with severe nausea.

Other antipsychotic drugs including haloperidol [unlicensed use] and levomepromazine are used for the relief of nausea and vomiting in palliative care. A Strength of recommendation: High For information on the use of antiemetics in palliative care, see Prescribing in palliative care .

Metoclopramide hydrochloride is an effective antiemetic and its activity closely resembles that of the phenothiazines. Metoclopramide hydrochloride also acts directly on the gastric smooth muscle stimulating gastric emptying and it may be superior to the phenothiazines for emesis associated with gastro-intestinal and biliary disease. It is licensed for use in children only as a second-line option for the prevention of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and the treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting. There is an increased risk of neurological side-effects in children.

Domperidone acts at the chemoreceptor trigger zone. It has the advantage over metoclopramide hydrochloride and the phenothiazines of being less likely to cause central effects, such as sedation and dystonic reactions, because it does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier.

The 5HT 3 -receptor antagonists, granisetron and ondansetron , are used in the management of nausea and vomiting in children receiving cytotoxics. A Strength of recommendation: High

Dexamethasone has antiemetic effects and is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. A Strength of recommendation: High

The neurokinin 1-receptor antagonist, aprepitant , is used to prevent nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. It is usually given in combination with a 5HT 3 -receptor antagonist (with or without a corticosteroid). A Strength of recommendation: High For further information on the prevention of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, see Cytotoxic drugs .

Nabilone is a synthetic cannabinoid with antiemetic properties. There is limited evidence for nabilone use in children for nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy unresponsive to conventional antiemetics.

Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

Nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy is common and will usually resolve spontaneously within 16 to 20 weeks. For pregnant females who have nausea and vomiting, offer appropriate self-care advice (such as rest, oral hydration and dietary changes), and inform them about other available support (e.g. self-help information and support groups) and when to seek urgent medical advice. Take into consideration that a number of interventions may have already been tried. Antiemetics should be considered for females with persistent symptoms where self-care measures have been ineffective. If a non-pharmacological option is preferred, ginger may be helpful for mild to moderate nausea. A Strength of recommendation: High

For females who choose pharmacological treatment, offer an antiemetic considering the advantages and disadvantages of each drug, as well as patient preference, and their experience with treatments in previous pregnancies. Although few drug options are specifically licensed for nausea and vomiting associated with pregnancy, their use is established practice. Antiemetic options include: cyclizine , prochlorperazine , promethazine hydrochloride , promethazine teoclate , and ondansetron . For further information on antiemetic options, see NICE guideline: Antenatal care (available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng201 ). Assess response to treatment after 24 hours; if the response is inadequate, switch to an antiemetic from a different therapeutic class. Reassess after 24 hours and if symptoms have not settled, specialist opinion should be sought. For females who have moderate to severe nausea and vomiting, consider intravenous fluids and adjunctive treatment with acupressure. A Strength of recommendation: High

Hyperemesis gravidarum is a more serious condition, which requires regular antiemetic therapy, intravenous fluid and electrolyte replacement, and sometimes nutritional support. For females with severe or persistent hyperemesis gravidarum, antiemetics given by the parenteral or rectal routes may be more suitable than the oral route. Supplementation with thiamine must be considered in order to reduce the risk of Wernicke’s encephalopathy. A Strength of recommendation: High

Postoperative nausea and vomiting

The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting depends on many factors including the anaesthetic used, and the type and duration of surgery. Other risk factors include post-pubertal female sex, over 3 years of age, a history or family history of postoperative nausea and vomiting or motion sickness, and postoperative use of long-acting opioids. Therapy to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting should be based on the assessed risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting in each patient. A combination of antiemetic drugs that have different mechanisms of action is often indicated in those at moderate and high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting. When a prophylactic antiemetic drug has failed, postoperative nausea and vomiting should be treated with an antiemetic drug from a different therapeutic class. A Strength of recommendation: High

Drugs used include 5HT 3 -receptor antagonists (e.g. ondansetron ), dexamethasone, and droperidol . A Strength of recommendation: High Cyclizine is licensed for the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting caused by opioids and general anaesthetics. Prochlorperazine is licensed for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting.

Opioid-induced nausea and vomiting

Expert sources advise that cyclizine , ondansetron, and prochlorperazine are used to relieve opioid-induced nausea and vomiting; ondansetron has the advantage of not producing sedation.

Motion sickness

Antiemetics should be given to prevent motion sickness rather than after nausea or vomiting develop. Hyoscine hydrobromide is licensed to prevent motion sickness symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and vertigo. For children aged 10 years and over, a transdermal hyoscine patch provides prolonged activity but it needs to be applied several hours before travelling. Antihistamine drugs may also be effective; the less sedating antihistamines include cinnarizine and cyclizine , and the more sedating antihistamines include promethazine hydrochloride and promethazine teoclate . Domperidone, metoclopramide hydrochloride, 5HT 3 -receptor antagonists, and the phenothiazines (except promethazine—an antihistamine phenothiazine) are ineffective in motion sickness.

Nausea and vomiting associated with migraine

For information on the use of antiemetics in migraine attacks, see Migraine .

Related drugs

Chlorpromazine hydrochloride
Cinnarizine
Domperidone
Granisetron
Haloperidol
Hyoscine hydrobromide
Levomepromazine
Metoclopramide hydrochloride
Ondansetron
Prochlorperazine
Promethazine hydrochloride
Promethazine teoclate
Trifluoperazine

Related treatment summaries

Cytotoxic drugs

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How to Travel With Medication Needed for a Sick Child

When traveling with medication for a sick child, be aware of these potentially complicating factors

Travel Tips
Medical Kits
Who Shouldn't Fly
Can Airlines Refuse?

Traveling with a sick child is often manageable with the right preparations. But if your child has or is suspected to have a serious contagious illness, like whooping cough or COVID-19, or poses a health risk to others, you will need to delay your trip until your child's condition is stabilized.

Many world destinations prohibit medications, like Adderall , that are commonly used by children in the United States. Certain medications, like insulin pens and epipens, usually need to be declared, since needles are prohibited on planes. Before you leave, research your destination carefully to ensure you are compliant.

This article explains what medicines you can and cannot take when traveling. It also provides a handful of tips for navigating airports and country-specific regulations.

Tips for Traveling With a Sick Child

Whether you are traveling by land, sea, or plane, the key to navigating travel with a sick child is getting (and staying) organized.

It's a good idea to keep all medications and supplies in a separate, clear "medical kit," so that they are easy to find and can be quickly retrieved when you need them.

The following tips and Transportation Security Administration (TSA) recommendations can help you organize your medical kit and prepare for your journey with a sick child.

Organizing Medications

Although medications can be packed in checked or carry-on luggage, it's best to bring them in your carry-on. That way, they will be available if you need them on the plane or in the airport.

While organizing your medical kit, consider including:

Solid medications (such as pills or oral powders), which are permitted in carry-on or checked luggage in unlimited quantities, but will need to be Xd-rayed at the security checkpoint
Extra medications in case your trip is extended or your medications get lost

TSA does not require passengers to bring medications in prescription bottles, so you can bring them in a pill organizer if you like. Laws vary between states and countries regarding prescription labeling, though. Check with the embassy at your destination to learn the respective laws.

Preparing Liquids and Other Types of Medications

Liquid medications are allowed in carry-on or checked bags, but you will need to follow a few regulations when flying with them:

Medically necessary liquid medications can be brought in your carry-on or checked luggage in reasonable quantities. Tell an officer that you have a medically necessary liquid before starting the screening process. You may be asked to open the liquid medication for additional screening.
Insulin is allowed in carry-on or checked luggage in reasonable quantities. At the security checkpoint, place insulin in a separate bin for X-ray screening.
Nebulizers are allowed in carry-on bags but must be removed from the carrying case and X-rayed at the security checkpoint. Liquids associated with nebulizers are permitted in reasonable quantities.

As for injectables, inhalers, pumps, and aerosols:

EpiPens can be packed in carry-on or checked luggage in reasonable quantities but must be declared to TSA officers at the security checkpoint for inspections.
Insulin pumps are permitted in carry-on or checked luggage but must be accompanied by insulin. Tell TSA officers if you have diabetes and are wearing an insulin pump at the start of security screening.
Medically necessary aerosols , such as metered-dose inhalers , are allowed in carry-on or checked bags in reasonable quantities but must be presented to TSA officers at the security checkpoint.
Glucose monitors with metal or lithium batteries should be carried in carry-on luggage and should be presented to TSA officers at the security checkpoint.
Inhalers are permitted in carry-on or checked luggage in reasonable quantities but will need to be X-rayed at the security checkpoint.

Federal regulations prohibit passengers from bringing their own supplemental oxygen onto airplanes. If you or your child require supplemental oxygen, you will need to call the airline at least 72 hours before your flight to arrange in-flight supplemental oxygen.

If you do not want a medical item to be X-rayed, you may request a visual inspection instead. Make this request before sending your items through the X-ray tunnel.

Not Sure if You Can Bring It?

Use the TSA "What Can I Bring?" website to find specific instructions related to most medications and medical supplies. This website provides instructions for external medical devices (such as feeding tubes), mercury thermometers, personal oxygen, syringes, and more.

Readying a "Back-Up" Plan

Plan where you will go for medical attention if needed. Write important numbers and addresses down and keep them in your medical kit.

Is there a children's hospital, pediatrician, or clinic where you are staying or on your travel route? This is especially important for international travelers and when you are on a cruise.

Even facilities that promote family travel and provide licensed healthcare providers for sick travelers are not guaranteed to have a pediatrician available in case of severe illness.

The nearest children's hospital or local medical society may be able to help you find a pediatrician if you are traveling and your child gets sick.

When traveling in another country, an international clinic , your travel agency, the U.S. Embassy, or the U.S. Consulate may be able to help you locate a pediatrician.

If your child has a chronic medical problem, consider acquiring a medical alert bracelet for them to wear, just in case they get sick and you aren't around. This is especially important if your child has severe allergies, diabetes, seizures, or another condition that may require sudden and specific medical care.

Informing Your Healthcare Provider

Before leaving, schedule a checkup with a pediatrician and/or pediatric specialist to ensure your child's medical problems are stable.

Be transparent about your plans with the healthcare provider—they may be able to offer you some travel tips that are specific to your child's condition.

Depending on your destination, certain vaccinations may be recommended for you and/or your child to protect from disease. The CDC provides detailed information about recommended vaccines for every country in the world.

If you are traveling internationally, take some time to review the country-specific recommendations, and make a list of any vaccines your child does not have. It may help to bring this list to your provider's office in case you have questions.

Contacting Your Pharmacist for Refills

If you lose a prescription while traveling internationally, contact your healthcare provider and explain your situation. Your provider may be able to write you a new prescription that you can bring to a pharmacy near you. You can also visit a local urgent care to see if they can help.

If you are traveling within the United States, you can:

Find a nearby pharmacy that is in-network with your insurance provider.
Call or visit the pharmacy and explain your situation.
Call your home pharmacy and ask them to transfer your medication to your pharmacy of choice.

In the past, in order to have your prescription transferred, you would need to contact your healthcare provider and ask them to cancel the prescription then re-submit it to a new pharmacy. According to regulations updated in 2023, however, all you need to do is contact your home pharmacy directly and ask them to initiate the switch.

There is one important caveat to the updated regulations. Prescriptions may only be transferred between pharmacies once . So, if you want to transfer a prescription back to your original pharmacy after your trip, you will need to have it canceled and re-submitted by your healthcare provider.

Complying with Laws and Regulations

Different states and countries have different laws regarding the types and quantities of medications that travelers are permitted to bring.

For example, France permits travelers to only bring the amount of medication needed for the duration of the trip. And, if the medication is a narcotic , a written letter to customs providing the name and dosage of the medication is required.

Meanwhile, countries like Japan, Singapore, and much of Europe have banned Adderall, Ritalin, and a number of other medications that are common in the United States.

Bringing controlled drugs into a foreign country can come with steep consequences, from local fines, to jail time and deportation. In Singapore, having as little as three grams of morphine can result in the death penalty.

TSA advises international travelers to prepare "requisite medical documentation" from their prescribing physician at least two months before departure. The documentation should include:

The prescribing physician's contact information and/or credentials
The diagnosis and treatment
The medication regimen, including any need for needles or syringes

Additionally, the name on the prescription, container, and traveler's passport must match.

If a medication contains narcotics, you may need to submit an application to the country's Narcotics Control Division or Food and Drug Administration for permission prior to entry.

For psychotropic medications , including antidepressants, you may need to notify the medical officer at the embassy in your home country. Do this well in advance so that all appropriate parties are aware before you arrive at customs.

What Else Should Go in a Medical Kit?

Your medical kit should contain everything you need to manage your child's health condition, as well as other medical items your child may only need on occasion.

Things to include in a travel medicine kit might include:

A pain and fever reducer, such as ibuprofen and/or acetaminophen
A steroid cream for itching
An antihistamine for hives and other allergic reactions
A cough and cold medicine for older children
An antibiotic ointment (in a container of 3.4 ounces or less—unless medically necessary)
A regular first aid kit

Keep in mind that if you are bringing an aerosol medication in your carry-on, it must be medically necessary. Aerosol insecticides, for example, are permitted in checked luggage only.

Is My Child Too Sick to Fly?

Do not fly if you or your child has a contagious disease that poses a serious threat to other people, such as:

Tuberculosis
Rubella (German measles)
Whooping cough (pertussis)
Meningococcal disease (meningitis)
Severe flu or another respiratory illness

If you or your child has a history of the following conditions, see your healthcare provider for an evaluation before you travel to ensure the condition is stable:

Cardiovascular disease
Lung disease
Mental illness
Recent surgery
Deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism
Sickle cell disease

Travel is rarely contraindicated (advised against) during a normal pregnancy. However, it's best to delay travel if your pregnancy requires close medical supervision. Reasons not to travel when pregnant include:

You are in active or premature labor
You have a suspected ectopic pregnancy
You have vaginal bleeding
You have a history of preeclampsia

Cabin air pressure changes can lead to barotrauma , recognizable by pain in the ear during take-off. Although barotrauma is rarely dangerous, it can lead to dizziness, hearing loss, or permanent tinnitus. To reduce these risks, consult with a healthcare provide before travel if your child has:

An ear, nose, or sinus infection
Severe congestion
Had recent ear, nose, throat, or abdominal surgery

Will the Airline Refuse My Sick Child?

You or your child may be denied boarding if you have or are suspected to have a serious contagious illness that poses a public health threat.

Airline officials will suspect contagious illness if you or your child has one or more of the following symptoms:

Difficulty breathing
Persistent cough
Decreased consciousness
Sudden confusion
Unexplained bruising or bleeding
Persistent diarrhea
Persistent vomiting
Headache with stiff neck
Appearing obviously unwell
Symptoms of other contagious diseases

Less than 1% of passengers are denied boarding in the United States each year. Nonetheless, airline officials are permitted to deny boarding or remove any person from a flight who appears obviously sick, or who is believed to pose a health threat to others.

Inform the airport security screener if your child has any special needs for going through security, or if they might get upset during the security procedures because of their medical condition.

Before you travel with a sick child, give yourself plenty of time to organize a medical bag with daily medications, medical supplies, and any other extras your child may need. Most medications are permitted in carry-on or checked luggage. However, if you plan to fly with a medication that is liquid, aerosol, or involves needles, you will need to declare it to TSA officers at the security checkpoint.

Depending on your destination, you may need to prepare medical documentation, especially if you need to travel with a narcotic or psychotropic drug. There can be steep consequences for bringing controlled substances into another country, so don't take chances. If you have questions about traveling with your medications, contact a physician or use resources provided by TSA to learn more.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Air travel .

Harvard Global Support Services. Tips for traveling with medication .

American Diabetes Association. What can I bring with me on the plane .

Transportation Security Administration. Can you pack your meds in a pill case and more questions answered .

Transportation Security Administration. What can I bring? .

Transportation Security Administration. Insulin .

United States Drug Enforcement Administration. Revised regulation allows DEA-registered pharmacies to transfer electronic prescriptions at a patient's request .

France in the United States. Information for private individuals - Medicine .

Transportation Security Administration. Traveling with medication .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Protecting travelers' health from airport to community: Investigating contagious diseases on flights .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pregnant travelers .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing spread of disease on commercial aircraft: Guidance for cabin crew .

GAO. Airline consumer protections .

U.S. Department of Transportation. Bumping & oversales .

By Vincent Iannelli, MD Vincent Iannelli, MD, is a board-certified pediatrician and fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Dr. Iannelli has cared for children for more than 20 years.

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Two OTC medications that are commonly available include: Dimenhydrinate: This antihistamine is an effective treatment for motion sickness, but should not be given to children 2 or younger ...
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Nothing makes travel miserable like a vomiting child, but the good news is that even the worst motion sickness is treatable. If your child is car sick, air sick, or sea sick, the right drugs combined with tried-and-true home remedies can stop the nauseated misery and help your whole family enjoy travel together.
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Hyoscine is usually the most effective medicine for motion sickness. It is also known as scopolamine. It works by preventing the confusing nerve messages going to your brain. There are several brands of medicines which contain hyoscine - they also come in a soluble form for children.
Car sickness in children: Can I prevent it?
Use medication. If you're planning a car trip, ask your child's doctor about using an over-the-counter antihistamine, such as dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) or diphenhydramine (Benadryl), to prevent car sickness. ... If these tips don't help or if your child's car sickness makes travel difficult, talk to your child's doctor about other options ...
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To prevent and reduce symptoms of motion sickness, passengers should look forward at a fixed point on the horizon and avoid close visual tasks. C. 2 - 5. To prevent and reduce symptoms of motion ...
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Motion sickness is a common normal reaction that occurs in 25% of people. Caused by increased sensitivity of the inner ear. It is not related to emotional problems or any physical disease. In the future, take a special medicine ahead of time to prevent it. Here is some care advice that should help.
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Dimenhydrinate is safe for children older than age 2. Take these medicines at least 30 to 60 minutes before you travel. Expect drowsiness as a side effect. Consider scopolamine, available in a prescription adhesive patch called Transderm Scop. Several hours before you plan to travel, apply the patch behind your ear for 72-hour protection.
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Children & Motion Sickness. For children aged 2-12 years, dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), 1-1.5 mg/kg per dose, or diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 0.5-1 mg/kg per dose up to 25 mg, can be given 1 hour before travel and every 6 hours during the trip.
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Motion sickness is caused by repeated movements when travelling, like going over bumps in a car or moving up and down in a boat, plane or train. The inner ear sends different signals to your brain from those your eyes are seeing. These confusing messages cause you to feel unwell. Find out more about motion sickness, an unpleasant combination of ...
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PDF Preventing motion sickness in children
travel, as excessive sedation combined with lower oxygen partial pressure can be potentially dangerous for some children.3 n All anti-motion sickness medications are also effective antiemetics. Simple ways to prevent travel sickness2,4 n Focus child's attention elsewhere, e.g. out of the window, on the horizon where practical
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Use anti-motion sickness medicine. Dimenhydrinate (such as Dramamine) is sold in chewable tablets for kids ages 2 and older. It's available without a prescription. This medicine should be given an hour before traveling, and one dose helps prevent symptoms for about six hours. Consider child-sized acupressure wristband s (such as Sea-Bands ...
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Dramamine® For Kids
Dramamine® for Kids is the only medicated motion sickness relief product formulated just for children ages 2-12 from the #1 Pharmacist Recommended Brand. Treats symptoms on the spot. Prevents nausea, dizziness, vomiting & queasiness. Safe, precise dose in a fun, chewable grape flavor. Convenient travel case. Available in an 8-count box.
Nausea and labyrinth disorders
Antiemetics should be given to prevent motion sickness rather than after nausea or vomiting develop. Hyoscine hydrobromide is licensed to prevent motion sickness symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and vertigo. For children aged 10 years and over, a transdermal hyoscine patch provides prolonged activity but it needs to be applied several hours before travelling.
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Children seem to be more prone to motion sickness than adults. An antihistamine can help prevent or relieve motion sickness, but its use is restricted by age. If your child gets motion sickness, discuss this with your child's healthcare provider before you travel and ask what medicine may help your child. Other ways to relieve motion sickness ...
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Motion sickness

In this article :

Is motion sickness normal?

Triggers for motion sickness

Prepare for your journey

Plan where you sit

Breathe fresh air

Use your eyes and ears differently

Treat your tummy gently

Try alternative treatments

Side-effects of motion sickness medicines

Antihistamines

Hyoscine patch

Prochlorperazine

Metoclopramide

Domperidone

Ondansetron

Further reading and references

Article History

Next review due: 14 Mar 2028

Feeling unwell?

Clinical Presentation

Behavioral Interventions

MINIMIZE VESTIBULAR MOTION

HABITUATE TO MOTION

SYNCHRONIZE THE VISUAL SYSTEM WITH THE MOTION

ACTIVELY SYNCHRONIZE THE BODY WITH THE MOTION

REDUCE OTHER SOURCES OF PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND EMOTIONAL DISCOMFORT

Medications

SCOPOLAMINE

ANTIHISTAMINES

OTHER MEDICATIONS

COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES

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