uk customs travel information

UK Customs Regulations - What Can You Bring Into the UK?

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The withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union (a move known as "Brexit") formally occurred on January 31, 2020. Following that departure is a transition period lasting until December 31, 2020, during which the U.K. and E.U. will negotiate the terms of their future relationship. This article has been updated as of the January 31st withdrawal, and you can find up-to-date information about details of the transition on the U.K.'s government website .

The last hurdle before entering the United Kingdom is passing through HM Customs & Excise. It's really not very complicated as long as you obey a few simple rules.

Going through customs can be faster than you might expect. European Union (EU) countries use three "channels" for customs processing. If you arrive from another EU country, whatever passport you hold, choose the Blue Channel once you've collected your luggage. Arriving from outside the EU, choose either the Green Channel - if you have nothing to declare based on the allowances outlined below - or the Red Channel, if you have goods over the duty free allowance.

The whole thing is based on an honor system. But keep in mind that, though it doesn't happen often, you can be stopped for a spot check in the Green or Blue Channels, and the penalties for breaking the law are pretty stiff. If you are careful about following the rules, passing through customs should not take very long. Since passport and immigration checks for non-UK citizens (and at the moment non-EU citizens) can be a time consuming ordeal during busy vacation seasons, you'll be grateful for a quick passage through Customs.

What You Can Bring Duty Free From Outside the EU

Here are the latest Duty Free Allowances that apply if you arrive in the UK on a transatlantic flight or from anywhere outside the EU:

• tobacco products for personal use - 200 cigarettes, or 100 cigarillos, or 50 cigars, or 250g of loose tobacco. As of December 1, while allowances remain the same, you can make up your duty free allowance from a mixture of tobacco products. For example, 100 cigarettes, and 25 cigars would meet the tobacco limits.
• 4 litres of still table wine
• 1 litre of spirits or strong liqueurs over 22 per cent alcohol by volume, or 2 litres of fortified wine(such as port or sherry), sparkling wine or other liqueurs.( As with the change in tobacco allowances, you can now make up your alcohol allowance from a mix and match of alcohol products.
• 16 liters (or 28 imperial pints) of beer
• £390 worth of all other goods including gifts and souvenirs.
• If you arrive by private plane or boat, your duty free allowance for "all other goods" is reduced to £270.

The tobacco and alcohol allowances only apply if you are over 17 years old. You can bring more than the allowance for these in for your own personal use but you have to pay duty on anything above the allowance.

You can also bring in personal effects reasonably required for your journey, including clothing, toiletries, personal jewelry and other clearly personal articles.

How Much Duty?

If you have to pay duty, the rate on goods up to £630 is 2.5% of the value - and if any single item is worth more than your entire duty free allowance, you will pay that percentage on the entire value, not just the amount over your allowance. For goods worth more than £630, the amount of duty will depend on what the goods are. You can find out more about this by calling the VAT, Customs and Excise Helpline on +44 2920 501 261 from outside the UK. You may also have to pay VAT Import tax on amounts over your duty free allowance. The VAT rate is currently 20% for most VAT-able goods. 

What You Can Bring From Within the EU

Customs and Excise staff exercise a certain amount of judgement over what you can bring to the UK from within the EU. There is no limit to the amount of taxable goods you can bring from most EU states. But you may be stopped if you bring back large quantities of alcohol and tobacco so that officers can determine whether the goods are for personal use. Expect to attract their attention if you arrive from an EU country with more than:

• 3200 cigarettes
• 400 cigarillos
• 3kg smoking tobacco
• 10 litres of spirits
• 20 litres of fortified wine
• 90 litres of wine
• 110 litres of beer.

For customs purposes, some countries that would otherwise be considered as part of the EU are excluded from these rules. If you are bringing in goods from the Canary Islands, the north of Cyprus, Gibraltar and the Channel Islands, you need to follow the rules for non-EU countries (see the previous page).

Banned Goods - What You Can't Bring, Ever

As an arriving visitor, it's important for you to know about Customs and Excise regulations that apply to banned and special license goods. Banned goods are always confiscated and you could also face fines for trying to bring them into the UK.

These goods are banned outright:

• unlicensed drugs
• offensive weapons
• child pornography
• pornographic material
• counterfeit and pirated goods
• meat, milk and other animal products (If you arrive from within the EU you can bring these products with you but only if they are legally offered for sale in the EU country you have arrived from. You cannot, for example, bring bush meat into the UK no matter where you obtained it.).
• self-defence sprays, such as pepper spray or CS gas
• rough diamonds

And some goods are restricted and require special licenses:

• explosives and ammunition
• live animals
• endangered species
• certain plants and their produce
• radio transmitters.

Bringing Food From the USA

What you can bring into the UK from the USA may surprise you. For example, I always believed that the restriction against meat, milk and some plants meant visitors couldn't bring any food, flowers or plant materials into the UK. That's not always the case. Here are a few surprising things you can bring along into the UK:

• 1 kg of food not containing meat or milk derivatives
• 2 kg of fruit and raw vegetables (but not potatoes)
• a bouquet of cut flowers
• 5 retail packets of seeds (but not seeds for potatoes).
• Fish (dead and gutted), cooked lobsters and live shellfish including clams and oysters.

Check here about how to find a comprehensive list of food and drink items you can bring to the UK, including different regulations for different countries.

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Exactly How to Go through UK Customs & Immigration + how long it takes

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For seasoned travelers, navigating UK customs and immigration is just another checkmark on the ‘to do’ list after your long haul flight before you’re either enjoying your holiday or crying that it’s over.

But for study abroad students in London , first time travelers, or the nervous expat, going through UK customs is an intimidating experience filled with uncertainty and lots of people giving you mean looks despite you having done nothing wrong.

I’ve been through UK immigration and customs dozens of times and I still get intimidated and yell at my husband to stop making jokes in line because THIS IS NOT THE TIME FOR YOUR JOY AND SMILES AND HOW DARE YOU PRETEND LIKE YOU DON’T KNOW ME.

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Join me as I take you through the process of getting through customs at an airport and tips on going through customs that every traveler needs to know.

Going Through Immigration and Customs in the UK: The Process

Do you go through customs before or after your flight.

You go through customs after your flight, once it lands in the UK, but that doesn’t mean you don’t need to prepare earlier.

When going through customs at an airport, you need to figure out what steps you need to take while still on the plane.

And to be honest, we need to get clear on one thing: customs and immigration are actually two different things.

When you go through immigration, you’re going through the immigration desks where they check your passport and reason for being in the country (or you’re going through the e-Gates, as we’ll talk about in a minute). 

When you go through customs, the officials are more concerned about what you have in your suitcase, as you’ve already got through the immigration desks.

It used to be that you needed to fill out a landing card to get into the UK if you weren’t from the UK or EU, but those days are over in favor of a new “e-Gates” system where many people will just need to walk through some gates after scanning your passport. 

I’ll talk about that below, but know that you do not need to fill out anything on the plane anymore when coming to the UK. 

What you should still know, while on the plane, is what kind of immigration line you should get in when you get there (e-Gates or regular), and also make sure to have written down the address you’re staying at.

If you do need to go through the regular immigration line, this can often be asked and is a bit of a red flag for them when someone can’t produce information on where they are staying.

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Going Through Immigration Once You Land: When Do You Go Through Customs?

When you land in the UK, you’ll be herded into the immigration hall before collecting your checked luggage. 

At this point in going through UK immigration at an airport, you’re going to need to put your cellphone away and keep your wits about you.

There will be a ton of people everywhere and staff members showing you where to go.

They don’t play around, so just be nice and be efficient with where you’re going – don’t block everyone as they’re trying to figure out which line to go in.

There are two routes to go through – one is the E-Gates which are automatic gates that allow you to scan your passport.

It then takes your photo, and then the gate will open and you will walk through.

The other option is the regular immigration line to speak to a person if you do not qualify for the E-Gates or have a reason to speak to a border entry official.

You can go through the e-Gates if you are from: the UK, the EU, Australia, New Zealand, United States, Canada, Japan, Singapore, or South Korea, and you need to be above 12 years old and in possession of a passport with a “chip” in it (which is most of them).

If you are between 12 and 17, you can go through the e-Gates if you are accompanied by an adult.

If you do not fit in this description – maybe your passport isn’t from those countries or you have a child under 12, you need to go through the regular immigration line that ends up at an actual human!

If you are a student in the UK, make sure to check with your university how you should go through immigration as sometimes they will need you to go to an immigration official and not through the e-Gates, but this depends on how long you are staying and where you are studying – so ask!

Families should stay together, so if your partner or someone in your family can’t go through the E-Gates, it’s usually best to go through the regular immigration line with them to avoid them having to explain your existence and talk about traveling with you while you aren’t actually there. 

This is also, of course, a blatant test of how much your traveling companion likes you–will they stand in the long line with you, or will they zip through and wait for you on the other side?

Dealbreaker.

How to Go Through Immigration: Speaking with a UK Immigration Officer

If you do need to go through the regular immigration line, the next step is a conversation with the border control officer.

You’ll wait to be called up – don’t just go to the next open desk unless someone motions you to move forward.

This is the part that makes many travelers nervous, but there really is no reason to be given that you have a legitimate trip planned.

If you’re coming in with a visa, they’ll ask you questions particular to your visa type (where you’re working if you’re on an internship visa, where you’re studying if you’re on a student visa, etc).

If you’re coming in as a tourist or visitor, they’ll want to know who you are seeing (if anyone), they may ask you general questions on your itinerary and they may ask what you do back home.

They’re not looking to see if you know what you’re doing on Wednesday night at 8pm or quiz you on UK geography to make sure you’re worthy of exploring the country, so just answer their questions honestly.

If you’ve planned a real trip, you’ll at least have some sort of idea of what you’ll be up to and where you’re going – or what your option will be.

Breathe, be polite, and don’t be put off if they’re particularly gruff.

If you have one, it’s always good to have a copy of your return flight with you in case they ask to see it or have any doubts about your intentions.

I’ve had a combination of experiences with UK immigration officers, which makes going through UK immigration a bit of a stressful experience as I’m not sure who I’m going to get.

The worst was a woman who wasn’t calculating the months correctly and kept telling me I was planning on overstaying my visa based on my proposed leaving date (I wasn’t).

The best was the woman who gave us the tips on when best to fly in to avoid the lines and the man who made a joke about my boyfriend wanting to be my husband when we were traveling together in the first few months of our relationship – turns out he was right!

What Happens if I Get Detained at Immigration in the UK?

Would you believe that I’ve gotten detained at a UK airport before?

Okay, so not detained as in, arrested, but detained as in, made to sit in the weird holding cell where they put you if they need more time to investigate your visa or your travel situation.

This can be a very stressful time.

For me, it was because for some reason my visa information wasn’t electronically attached to my actual visa, which had nothing to do with me and was solved after the immigration officer physically checked the visa to see it was valid.

For other people, this can be because they need to question you further, and unfortunately if they do think you have the wrong intentions or you’re trying to come in on the wrong visa, you will be escorted onto the next available plane back to where you came from and not allowed entry into the country.

If you do find yourself being questioned, I’m going to assume that you have done nothing wrong and are being honest about your intentions, in which case just keep a cool and calm demeanor as much as possible, answer their questions honestly, and soon you should be sent on your way.

Going Through Customs at an Airport

After going through border control successfully, you’ll reach the luggage holding area.

Hopefully you’ll pick up your own and not accidentally cart away someone else’s unmentionables, and then the final step is customs.

In America, getting through customs tends to include an actual stop with an officer who will double check that everything in the luggage is yours and may search you if they feel you might be bringing something you shouldn’t into the country.

You’ll need to fill out a customs form in the US to declare anything that you have that needs to be declared.

They are strict about this, and while sometimes you may just be waved through, they have the right to pull you aside and check.

Going through customs in the UK is different, as you simply walk through either the “Something to declare” doors or the “Nothing to declare” doors.

You do not individually have to go up to a person to be cleared to leave the area, though again, they do have the right to search your bag as you leave.

Here’s a list of things you must declare.

Don’t let it confuse you, though.

If you aren’t coming into the UK to sell anything and are just coming as a normal tourist, you will have nothing to declare. The vast majority of people will not have anything to declare.

My mom was confused by customs when she first visited and decided she should probably declare the Outback restaurant bread she had brought for me from the American airport.

I like to think they all went home that day to tell their family about the crazy lady who presented them with a loaf of bread to search.

And…that’s it!

Customs and Immigration is known for being one of the longest and most tedious processes at the airport for foreign travelers, but if you do your best to have everything ready and know what to expect, you’ll be able to get through it much faster.

The e-Gates in the UK have also gone a long way towards making this easier. 

To help you along the way, I’ve got some of my top tips for getting through customs and immigration that apply to anyone, no matter which airport you’re flying into.

Tips for Going through Customs and Immigration

1. leave time in your itinerary for going through immigration.

Depending on the time of day, sometimes immigration takes a long time.

Again, this has sped up due to the e-Gates and the e-Gates usually take about 10 minutes to get through, but if you have to stand in line, it can be a bit of a wait. 

Especially if you fly into London Heathrow on a weekend morning during prime study abroad seasons, you’re going to encounter a long line full of weary travelers.

When it comes to planning the rest of your day after landing in a country or even planning a layover if you need to go through immigration before getting on another plane (such as when you’re arriving in the US from abroad and then need to clear immigration before getting on a domestic flight), make sure that you leave time.

2. Have as Much as Possible Written Down

Whether it’s the address of where you’re staying or the prescriptions to go along with your medication, having things written down on paper and not just stored on your phone is super helpful.

Sure, there are charging ports on most planes, but if you’ve got everything stored on your phone and for some reason the charging port isn’t working or you’ve dropped it in the toilet or something, you’ll be prepared still!

3. Be Nice to the Staff

It can be difficult to be nice after traveling for hours to a person who isn’t being the kindest to you and seemingly grilling you with questions.

However, keep in mind that they are just doing their jobs.

They need to be on the ball, figuring out if you are breaking any immigration laws coming into the country or if you are there to do anything shady.

I’ve learned time and time again that getting through immigration is so much easier when I just relax, am polite to the staff even if they’re bit a bit gruff with me, and eventually I get through with a smile on my face – or at least not in complete hysterics.

4. Prep Kids on What’s Going to Happen

Just like when you go to the airport and they check your passports to get on the plane, the staff members will need to see and usually speak to your kids at the immigration desks if they are under the age of 12.

They will be with you, of course, but it’s helpful to prep them in advance that they may be asked questions like their age and name especially if you have particularly shy ones.

5. Consider Customs and Immigration Part of Your Plane Ride

Often when we land in a new country, we are so relieved the plane ride is over that we view the immigration and customs sections as just another hurdle to jump through that’s holding us up.

You can’t enter another country without doing this step, so consider it just an extension of the plane ride.

Landing is exciting, but save your real excitement for when you’re past those immigration gates and frolicking off into the UK for the adventure of a lifetime.

Happy traveling!

How long does it take to clear customs at Heathrow?

On average, it takes between 30 minutes and 1 hour to clear customs and immigration at Heathrow Airport.

This, however, does not take into account the time it takes to get off the plane and walk to the customs and immigration hall, so I typically tell people to expect to be completely ready to be picked up/carry on with your onward journey about 1.5 hours after your plane lands.

You should increase the amount of time you leave yourself during holiday travel season and if you are arriving during popular times for international flights (typically the morning rush are the flights coming from North America).

How long does it take to clear customs at Gatwick?

On average, it takes between 30 minutes and 1 hour to clear customs and immigration at Gatwick Airport, and that’s including the time it takes you to wait for your luggage.

This is because the eGates have made everything much faster, and once you grab your luggage, you simply walk into the arrivals hall under the “nothing to declare” door for most people without needing to speak to a customs officer.

I usually give myself an hour at Gatwick because it’s larger than Heathrow which just means more walking.

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14 thoughts on “Exactly How to Go through UK Customs & Immigration + how long it takes”

Going through immigration can be really stressful. Before being a citizen, my husband – who is British – would queue with me every time we travelled together (that is love hahaha). Great post!

True love, most definitely! I feel like the ultimate relationship test should be whether your Brit will wait in line with you. If not, they’re not worth it!

Love is…entering your own country as a foreigner hahaha

UKBA do a great job and all, but damn it is not a comfortable experience having to convince them you are only coming for a holiday and not to work unlawfully and steal all their jobs. I live in Viet Nam now and my average time from the taxi dropping me off to my international departure gate is 20 mins. It is bliss, but I do wonder how much stuff gets through without being checked.

Thanks for this info! I’ve been a bit apprehensive about going through this process in my upcoming trip to London from the US. Your tips answered a lot of my questions.

I will be traveling to London and other cities in Europe with my cousins after the COVID-19 pandemic is over. I have been to London 3 times and have had no problem with going through customs.

This time will be different because my cousins have dual citizenship in the US and in an EU country. They are going to be using their EU passports when we travel. I only have a US passport. Will this cause problems for us in customs? I assume people with US passports and people with EU passports go in separate customs lines, correct? In your tips you say families have to travel together. Does this include people with different last names? They have the same last name and I have a different last name? But we are family. I have a biometric passport, so would I need to speak to an customs officer if I have nothing to declare?

Do all customs lines at Heathrow or Gatwick airport come out at the same baggage hall?

Thank you for your help. I want to make going through customs as easy as possible.

Hi Sam! Hope you have a great trip when it’s time for it.

EU passports and USA passports now go through the same line – the e-Gates. You won’t need to speak to an immigration officer and can go with your cousins.

If, for some reason, your passport doesn’t work at the eGates, they would then direct you to speak to an Immigration Officer but you would just tell them you are traveling with your cousins who have already gone through the E-gates, and it all comes out to the same baggage hall since you would be in the same terminal going through the immigration process, even if you get temporarily separated.

Hope that helps!

My daughter will be studying abroad at Lancaster University next semester, and I need to make flight reservation for her from the US to Manchester. The flight I am looking at has an hour and a half layover at Heathrow. Is that long enough for her to go through immigration and customs and make her flight to Manchester? She has never travelled internationally alone, so she’s going to be a little lost.

Great blog! Using it to prepare for when my daughter and I visit the “old country” next spring. Question: How do we get our visitor’s visa if we go through the e-Gate? We have valid US passports. Thank you for your ehlpful advice.

Hi Julie! If you’re just a regular visitor from the US, you won’t need to apply for any visitor visa ahead of time. There’s no certification or anything. Just walk through the e-Gates and then you are in and have 6 months allowed in the UK as a visitor. 🙂

Flying Pittsburgh (U.S.) to Barcelona, with connection in London. Bags checked through. Going on a cruise (don’t know if that matters). What, if anything, do we do during this connection to our next flight? I’m thinking immigration (passport control) in London, but not customs until Barcelona. Is that accurate?

Great post and so informative! I am curious about Heathrow’s reputation of being VERY strict on hand-luggage liquids? I’m traveling from the United States, where TSA is almost always relaxed about carry on liquids as long as it’s under 3.4 oz but I do understand why Heathrow is very specific about only having 1 quart sized bag for all liquids in a carry on. If I am only bringing a carry on from the US but will be arriving at Heathrow, do I still need to follow the 1 quart bag of liquids rule through customs and immigration? I am not flying out of Heathrow when I head back to the states for reference. Thanks for your help!!

Hi, Very informative. If going from Dublin to London to get connecting flight back to US. May I put the Irish whiskey I’m buying in Dublin in my checked bag and not have to go through the checking process again in London? . Taking AirLingus from Dublin to Heathrow which is domestic flt. Then United to Los Angeles from Heathrow Thank you

Who do you recommend for transfers into the city. I will be arriving from the U.S.A. so I believe it would be terminal 2.

We will be on holiday for 3 weeks so we will have 3 large luggage and 3 carry on pieces.

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UK Customs Regulations for Shipping from USA: A Simple Guide

Learn the basics of UK customs regulations when importing from the USA in this simple guide. Understand duty, taxes, allowances, and prohibited items.

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Navigating customs regulations can be a daunting task, especially when importing goods into a new country like the United Kingdom from the USA. Understanding the rules and procedures can help streamline the process and avoid unnecessary delays or fines.

In this article, we’ll break down the customs regulations of the United Kingdom in simple terms, focusing on key aspects such as duty, taxes, allowances, and prohibited items.

Understanding Customs Duty and Taxes

In the United Kingdom, customs duty is imposed on imported goods valued at more than £135 (~$170). This duty is assessed based on the fair market value of the goods upon their arrival in the UK.

It’s important to note that import prices typically include various costs such as insurance, freight, and duty. Additionally, a standard 20% Value Added Tax (VAT) is levied at the border on the total value of the goods. However, certain goods may qualify for reduced rates, such as 5%, or may even be zero-rated at 0%.

Import Goods into the UK: Step-by-Step

Importing goods into the United Kingdom from the USA involves several steps to ensure compliance with customs regulations. Let’s break down the process into simple steps:

Step 1: Check if you need to follow this process

Before importing goods into the UK, determine whether you need to adhere to the customs declaration process. This step ensures that you understand the requirements and obligations associated with importing goods.

Step 2: Get your business ready to import

Ensure that your business is prepared for the importing process. Verify if the business sending you the goods is authorized to export to the UK. This step ensures that all necessary arrangements are in place to facilitate smooth importation.

Step 3: Decide who will make customs declarations and transport the goods

Determine who will be responsible for making customs declarations and transporting the goods into the UK. This may involve hiring a customs broker or freight forwarder to handle the logistics and paperwork on your behalf.

Step 4: Find out the commodity code for your goods

Identify the commodity code for the goods you intend to import. The commodity code categorizes goods for customs purposes and determines the applicable duty rates. Additionally, calculate the value of your goods, including factors such as cost, insurance, and freight.

Step 5: Find out if you can reduce your Customs Duty

Explore options to reduce Customs Duty, such as utilizing preferential trade agreements or claiming duty relief schemes. Additionally, inquire about the possibility of deferring Customs Duty payments to ease financial burdens.

Step 6: Check if you need a license or certificate for your goods

Determine whether your imported goods require any licenses or certificates for compliance with UK regulations. Certain products may have specific licensing requirements to ensure safety, quality, or environmental standards.

Step 7: Check the labeling, marking, and marketing rules

Ensure that your goods comply with labeling, marking, and marketing regulations in the UK. This includes providing accurate product information, adhering to packaging requirements, and meeting labeling standards.

Step 8: Get your goods through customs

Initiate the process of getting your goods through customs by submitting the necessary documentation and declarations. This involves presenting the required paperwork, paying applicable duties and taxes, and complying with customs procedures.

Step 9: Claim a VAT refund

If eligible, claim a Value Added Tax (VAT) refund on imported goods. Certain conditions apply for VAT refunds, and it’s essential to follow the proper procedures to claim reimbursement.

Step 10: If you paid the wrong amount of duty or rejected the goods

Address any issues related to overpayment of duty or rejection of goods promptly. Take necessary steps to rectify discrepancies in duty payments or resolve issues with rejected goods in accordance with customs regulations.

Step 11: Keep invoices and records

Maintain thorough records of invoices, receipts, and other relevant documentation related to the importation of goods. Proper record-keeping facilitates compliance with customs requirements and ensures transparency in import transactions.

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Temporary import and left luggage.

Travelers who import goods into the UK temporarily, with a maximum duration of 24 months, must provide an inventory list along with their expected date of departure from the UK.

Similarly, individuals returning left luggage are required to furnish proof of ownership or a statement confirming that the goods are being returned to the UK.

Allowances for Travelers

Most travelers are entitled to bring goods into the UK up to a certain value without having to pay duty or tax. Currently, the allowance stands at £390 for items such as perfume and electrical goods. However, passengers traveling by private plane or boat for recreational purposes have a reduced allowance of £270 worth of goods.

Prohibited and Restricted Items

It’s crucial to be aware of the goods that are banned or restricted in the UK to avoid any legal repercussions.

Some goods are banned and restricted in the UK, including:

• Controlled drugs
• Offensive weapons, for example flick knives
• Self-defence sprays, for example pepper spray and CS gas
• Endangered animal and plant species
• Rough diamonds
• Indecent and obscene materials, such as books, magazines, films and DVDs

Final Words

Navigating customs regulations when importing goods into the United Kingdom from the USA requires a clear understanding of the rules and procedures.

By familiarizing yourself with customs duty, taxes, allowances, and prohibited items, you can ensure a smooth and hassle-free importing process. Remember to always adhere to the regulations to avoid any potential fines or legal issues.

Are there any restrictions on importing food products into the UK from the USA?

Yes, certain food products may be subject to restrictions or require specific permits or certificates to ensure they meet UK food safety standards.

Can I import prescription medications from the USA into the UK for personal use?

Yes, you can import prescription medications for personal use, but you must comply with UK regulations, including limits on quantities and providing a prescription from a registered healthcare professional.

Are there any specific rules for importing electronics from the USA into the UK?

Yes, electronics must meet UK safety standards and may require specific labeling or certification to ensure compliance.

Do I need to pay customs duty on gifts sent from the USA to the UK?

Yes, gifts sent from the USA to the UK are subject to customs duty if they exceed the duty-free allowance.

Can I import alcohol and tobacco products from the USA into the UK for personal use?

Yes, you can import alcohol and tobacco products for personal use, but you must adhere to UK limits and pay any applicable duty and taxes.

Are there any restrictions on importing cultural or historical artifacts from the USA into the UK?

Yes, cultural or historical artifacts may be subject to import restrictions or require specific permits to ensure they are not illegally exported from their country of origin.

Do I need to declare cash or monetary instruments when entering the UK from the USA?

Yes, you must declare cash or monetary instruments for higher amount when entering or leaving the UK. Failure to do so can result in penalties or seizure of the funds.

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Regulations, Requirements, Tariffs, Taxes: Everything You Need to Know About Importing Goods Into the UK

Are you a UK-based business looking to import goods into the country? If so, you’ll know that navigating the intricacies of customs clearance and import regulations can be a daunting task.

At clearBorder , we understand the challenges involved in international trade and are here to guide you every step of the way. In this comprehensive blog post, we will provide you with everything you need to know about importing goods into the UK.

A Quick Introduction

During the tax year ending April 2023, the UK imported almost £900 billion worth of goods ( Department for International Trade ) – a 17.9% increase on the previous year.

Importing goods opens up opportunities for market expansion, product variety, and quality enhancement, ultimately economic growth and job creation.

Read on as we delve into crucial topics around UK customs such as import regulations, tariff codes, import licences, certifications, and supplier relationships. We’ll explore the importance of understanding international markets and the significance of customs documentation for a smooth customs clearance process.

The Basics of Importing Goods into the UK

Importing goods to the UK involves, essentially, the movement of items from outside the UK’s borders into the country, where they are used (usually) for commercial (or sometimes personal ) purposes.

To achieve this successfully, importers must follow a series of crucial steps and considerations – and there’s a fair amount to keep across. For instance:

• Navigating customs procedures
• Complying with import regulations
• Tariff codes and import tax duties
• Obtaining necessary import licences and certifications

Key Considerations

Importing goods into the UK requires a solid understanding of the processes involved. At clearBorder, we aim to simplify this complex journey for you.

Here are the fundamental aspects you need to know:

• UK Customs: Familiarise yourself with the role of UK customs in regulating and overseeing imports. Understand the customs documentation required for smooth clearance.
• Import Regulations: Comply with import regulations governing specific product categories. Ensure your imported goods meet the necessary standards and comply with product-specific regulations.
• Commodity Codes: Determine the appropriate commodity codes for your imported products. These codes classify goods and determine the applicable customs duties.
• Import Licences and Certifications: Some products may require import licences and certifications. Identify if your goods fall into this category and acquire the necessary documentation.
• Supplier Relationships: Establish strong supplier relationships to ensure reliable and efficient imports. Clear communication and understanding of expectations are vital.
• International Markets: Conduct thorough market research to identify potential suppliers and understand international market dynamics. Consider factors such as pricing, quality, and supply chain reliability.
• Customs Documentation: Prepare accurate and complete customs documentation for each shipment. This includes invoices, packing lists, and shipping documents.
• Taxes on Imported Goods: Get familiar with applicable taxes, such as VAT or customs duties, on imported goods. Ensure proper calculation and payment of these taxes.

Import Regulations & Customs Procedures

Successfully importing goods into the UK requires a comprehensive understanding of the intricate web of import regulations and customs procedures. Let’s delve into these essential aspects in more detail.

• Import Regulations: The UK has stringent import regulations to ensure safety, quality, and compliance with specific industry standards.

These regulations vary based on product categories, such as electronics, pharmaceuticals, or textiles. For instance, electrical products must comply with relevant health and safety directives, while food imports need to adhere to stringent hygiene and labelling requirements.

Understanding these regulations is vital to avoid costly delays, rejections, or penalties. Conduct thorough research, consult industry-specific resources, and engage with regulatory bodies to ensure compliance.

• Customs Procedures: Customs procedures involve a series of steps and documentation required for the smooth flow of goods across borders. Key elements include customs declarations, classification, valuation, and clearance.

Accurate completion of customs documentation is crucial. Additionally, understanding tariff classification and assigning the correct Harmonized System (HS) codes for your products is vital for accurate customs declarations. Customs valuation methods, such as transaction value or the use of alternative valuation methods further impact import duties and taxes.

Ultimately, compliance with customs procedures ensures efficient movement of goods, minimises customs inspections and reduces the risk of delays.

For instance, let’s consider the import of textiles. Importers must adhere to textile labelling regulations outlined by the Textile Products (Labelling and Fibre Composition) Regulations 2012 . This includes providing clear and accurate labelling information regarding fibre composition, country of origin, and care instructions. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in significant delays at customs, additional inspections, and potential penalties.

Import Documentation & Requirements

Importing goods into the UK involves a range of essential import documentation and requirements. Understanding and fulfilling these obligations is crucial for smooth customs clearance and compliance with import regulations. Here are some key aspects to consider:

• Commercial Invoice: A detailed and accurate commercial invoice is essential for customs declarations. It includes information such as the buyer and seller details, description of goods, quantities, values, and payment terms.
• Packing List: A packing list provides a comprehensive breakdown of the contents and packaging details of each shipment. It helps customs officials verify the goods against the accompanying documents.
• Bill of Lading or Airway Bill: These shipping documents serve as evidence of the contract of carriage and provide details about the transportation of goods by sea or air.
• Import Licences & Certificates: Certain goods may require specific import controls , licences or certificates, such as phytosanitary certificates for plant products or import licences for controlled substances. Ensuring you possess the necessary documentation is crucial for compliance.
• Customs Declarations: Accurate and timely submission of customs declarations is essential for customs clearance. This includes providing information about the goods, their value, origin, and applicable tariff codes.

Tariffs, Duties, & Taxes On Imported Goods

Importing certain items into the UK entails the obligation to pay tariffs, duties, and taxes on those goods. These charges, levied by customs authorities, serve multiple purposes within the context of international trade.

Import taxes (including tariffs and duties) are implemented to achieve various objectives. They aim to:

• Safeguard domestic industries
• Regulate international trade
• Generate revenue
• Maintain fair competition

By imposing tariffs, the government seeks to balance economic interests and create a level playing field for both domestic and foreign businesses.

Tariffs are taxes applied to imported goods based on factors such as their value, quantity, or weight. Duties, on the other hand, are specific taxes or fees levied on particular products, such as excise duties on alcohol or tobacco.

The rates of tariffs and duties can vary based on the classification of the product, its country of origin, and any applicable trade agreements in place.

Import taxes also play a significant role in contributing to government revenue. They form a part of the overall taxation system, helping to fund public services, infrastructure development, and social programs. VAT is a common form of consumption tax applied to most goods imported into the UK.

Failure to comply can result in penalties, including fines, seizure of goods, or legal consequences. Accurate calculation, proper declaration, and timely payment of import taxes are vital to ensure compliance and avoid potential penalties.

By partnering with clearBorder, you can navigate the complexities of import taxation. Get in touch now for specialist advice regarding customs compliance for your business , or enrol your team on our Border Ready Importing and Exporting training course to upgrade your in-house skill sets.

Navigating Import Licences & Certifications

Successfully navigating the import process involves understanding and obtaining the necessary import licences and certifications. Let’s explore an ideal use case of how this might play out in the real world.

Imagine a UK-based company specialising in importing organic food products from the EU. To ensure compliance with UK regulations, they diligently pursue the appropriate import licences and certifications. In this case, they obtain the Organic Certification from an approved certification body, demonstrating that their products meet the required organic standards.

Additionally, they secure the COI ( Certificate of Inspection ) from the Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). This combination ensures that their organic food products can be legally imported into the UK.

By proactively obtaining the necessary import licences and certifications, this organisation not only adheres to regulatory requirements – it also gains a competitive advantage in the market. Their commitment to compliance and product quality allows them to confidently navigate the import process, ensuring cost-efficiencies, the smooth arrival of their organic food products, and an ability to meet the growing demand for sustainable and organic choices in the UK market.

Types of Import Licences & Their Applications

Importing goods into the UK often requires specific import licences to ensure compliance with regulations. Here are some common types of import licences and their applications:

• Phytosanitary Certificate: This certificate is required for importing plants, plant products, and certain agricultural commodities to prevent the spread of pests and diseases.

Example: A UK-based company importing cut flowers from the Netherlands must obtain a phytosanitary certificate to demonstrate SPS control compliance.

• Certificate of Conformity: This certificate confirms that imported goods meet specific standards, such as safety, quality, or technical requirements.

Example: An automotives retailer importing vehicles must obtain a certificate of conformity to ensure the products meet UK safety standards.

Ensure Smoother UK Imports With clearBorder

By its nature, importing goods into the UK involves navigating a complex landscape of regulations, procedures, and documentation. Understanding the key considerations, import regulations, customs procedures, documentation requirements, and import taxes is essential for a successful import operation.

At clearBorder, we specialise in providing specialist trade consultancy and training to help businesses navigate these intricacies with ease. Whether you need assistance with customs clearance, import licensing, or understanding trade regulations, our team of experts is here to support you.

Get bespoke customs compliance guidance for your business today, or contact us to discuss how our services can help your business thrive in the international trade arena.

Importing Goods Into the UK: FAQs

What are the basic steps involved in importing goods into the uk.

Whatever your specific business niche, and the nature of your products and/or services, there are a few top-level steps on the journey to importing goods. In general, aim to:

• Determine the commodity code and import duty rate
• Arrange transportation and shipping
• Complete customs declarations and provide necessary documentation
• Pay applicable import taxes and duties
• Clear customs and arrange for final delivery

What are the key considerations to keep in mind when importing goods?

As above, the specific considerations you’ll need to be aware of will depend on the nature of your operations – with that said, it’s good practice to keep the following in mind:

• Proper classification and valuation of goods
• Compliance with import regulations and licensing requirements
• Understanding customs procedures and documentation
• Managing supply chain logistics and transportation
• Assessing potential tariff implications and cost considerations

What import regulations and customs procedures should I be aware of?

Import regulations and customs procedures vary based on your industry. It’s crucial to understand documentation requirements, such as commercial invoices, packing lists, and shipping documents. Additionally, familiarise yourself with customs clearance procedures, customs declarations, and any product-specific regulations that may apply.

How are tariffs, duties, and taxes calculated on imported goods?

Tariffs, duties, and taxes on imported goods are calculated based on factors such as the product’s value, quantity, origin, and applicable trade agreements. Tariff rates can vary depending on the Harmonized System (HS) code classification assigned to the goods.

Do I need specific import licences or certifications for certain goods?

Yes; many goods do require specific import licences or certifications. Examples include phytosanitary certificates for plants, and certificates of conformity to meet safety or quality standards.

Are there any restrictions or regulations on importing certain products?

Yes, there may be restrictions or regulations on importing certain products. These can include limitations on specific goods, such as controlled substances or endangered species, as well as compliance with product-specific regulations related to health, safety, or environmental standards.

How can I ensure compliance with import regulations and avoid penalties?

Partnering with specialist trade consultants like clearBorder can help you navigate import regulations, ensure proper compliance, and mitigate potential risks. Their expertise and guidance can help you understand regulatory requirements, manage documentation, and implement efficient import processes, reducing the likelihood of penalties or non-compliance issues.

Can I import goods for personal use into the UK?

Yes, you can import goods for personal use into the UK. However, there may be limitations or restrictions on certain items, such as alcohol, tobacco, or goods subject to excise duties. It is important to familiarise yourself with any applicable regulations and comply with the necessary procedures and documentation.

What are the potential challenges and risks associated with importing goods into the UK?

Importing goods into the UK without proper preparation and specialist partnership can be fraught with potential risks. For instance:

• Customs delays or clearance issues
• Tariff and duty implications affecting cost
• Regulatory compliance requirements
• Supply chain disruptions or logistics challenges
• Currency fluctuations impacting pricing
• Potential product quality or safety concerns
• Trade policy changes and evolving regulations

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United Kingdom

Travel Advisory July 26, 2023

United kingdom - level 2: exercise increased caution.

Reissued with obsolete COVID-19 page links removed.

Exercise increased caution in the United Kingdom due to terrorism.

Country Summary:  Terrorist groups continue plotting possible attacks in the United Kingdom. Terrorists may attack with little or no warning, targeting tourist locations, transportation hubs, markets/shopping malls, local government facilities, hotels, clubs, restaurants, places of worship, parks, major sporting and cultural events, educational institutions, airports, and other public areas.

There is also a risk of isolated violence by dissident groups in Northern Ireland, focused primarily on police and military targets.

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to the United Kingdom.

If you decide to travel to the United Kingdom:

• Be aware of your surroundings when traveling to tourist locations and crowded public venues.
• Follow the instructions of local authorities.
• Monitor local media for breaking events and adjust your plans based on new information.
• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program  ( STEP ) to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and Twitter.com/Travelgov
• Review the  Country Security Report  for the United Kingdom.
• Visit the CDC page for the latest  Travel Health Information  related to your travel and return to the United States.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .

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Quick Facts

Must be valid for the duration of your stay in the United Kingdom   (If you have onward travel to countries outside the United Kingdom, you should check the passport validity requirements for each additional country on their respective information pages.)

Must have at least one page

Not required for stays less than six months.

Embassies and Consulates

U.s. embassy london.

33 Nine Elms Lane London, SW11 7US United Kingdom Telephone: +(44)(20) 7499-9000 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +(44)(20) 7499-9000 Fax: +(44) (20) 7891-3845 Email:   [email protected]

U.S. Consulate General Edinburgh, Scotland 3 Regent Terrace, Edinburgh EH7 5BW Scotland Telephone: 013-1556-8315 / from the United States: 011 (44)(13) 1556-8315 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  020-7499-9000 / from the United States: 011 (44)(20) 7499-9000 Fax: 0131-557-6023 /from the United States: 011 (44) 131-557-6023 Email:   [email protected]

U.S. Consulate General Belfast, Northern Ireland Danesfort House, 223 Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5GR Northern Ireland, United Kingdom Telephone: 028-9038-6100 / from the United States: 011 (44)(28) 9038-6100 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: 01253-501106 / from the United States: 011 (44) 1253-501106 Fax: 028-9068-1301 / from the United States: 011 (44)(28) 9068-1301 Email: [email protected]

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Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

• To enter the United Kingdom, your passport must be valid for the entire duration of your planned stay.
• Starting June 2019, U.S. passport holders will be able to use the ePassport Gates upon arrival in the United Kingdom. U.S. citizens who had previously registered for the UK’s Registered Traveller Service (RTS) should now also use the ePassport Gates on arrival in the UK.
• If you are planning onward travel after departing the UK, note that many other countries require at least six months’ remaining validity on your passport to enter. If you are bound for Continental Europe, please see our  U.S. travelers in Europe page for additional details.
• Visas for specific categories of visitors must be obtained prior to travel. Visit the  UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) website to determine if you need a visa to enter the United Kingdom. We cannot intervene on your behalf when you apply for a UK visa, nor can we advocate for your admission into the UK if you are denied entry.
• Students and prospective students should visit the  UKVI website  to determine if they need a visa.
• For some U.S. travelers, especially students, an entry stamp is required.  Please consult this website  for more information.
• Unpaid and paid workers, interns, volunteers, charity workers, and temporary workers can find information about obtaining a visa on the  UKVI website .
• Visitors traveling to the United Kingdom to get married, even if they do not plan to reside there, must obtain a visa in advance. See the  UKVI website  for visa information.
• Surcharges apply to certain categories of visas, generally those involving work, study, or residency for more than six months. More information is available on the  UKVI website  and in our Health section below.

The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to or foreign residents of the United Kingdom.

Find information on  dual nationality ,  prevention of international child abduction  and  customs regulations  on our websites.

Safety and Security

Terrorist groups continue plotting possible near-term attacks in Europe. The UK Security Service publishes specific reasons for any changes in the threat level and recommended actions for the public via its  UK threat levels website .

There is the potential for  isolated violence  related to the political situation in Northern Ireland. The Police Service of Northern Ireland assesses there is a continued threat of violence from dissident groups in Northern Ireland, focused primarily on police and military targets, and may involve the use of  firearms  and  explosives . Tensions may be heightened during the summer marching season (April to August), particularly on and around the July 12 public holiday.

Avoid areas of demonstrations  if possible, and be careful within the vicinity of demonstrations. Demonstrations occur frequently in and around city centers and areas where tourists frequent. Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and possibly escalate to violence.

The phone number for  police/fire/ambulance emergency services  is  999  in the United Kingdom and  112  in Gibraltar. You should also use these numbers to report security threats or suspicious packages. Also see information for  contacting police from abroad .

• Be cautious and aware of your surroundings.
• Be vigilant, as  pickpocketing ,  mugging,  and “snatch and grab” theft of mobile phones, watches and jewelry can occur.
• Do not leave bags unattended in restaurants, pubs, hotel lobbies, and parked cars.
• Be alert to other criminal schemes, such as  impostors  posing as undercover police officers and “fining” tourists for bogus minor offenses. A legitimate Metropolitan Police Services officer will never demand an immediate cash payment.
• Use only licensed Black Cabs or pre-ordered car services (minicabs) . Unlicensed taxis or private cars posing as taxis may offer low fares, but in some instances, travelers have been  robbed  or  sexually assaulted  while using these cars. See Transport for London for additional information on cabs and car services .
• Avoid using ATMs that look temporary in structure or location  or are located in isolated areas – they may not be legitimate. Use ATMs located inside a bank branch.

Scams : Before sending any money to individuals you have never met in person, visit the  Embassy London website  for more information about  internet financial scams  and how to protect yourself.

See the  Department of State  and the  FBI  pages for information on scams.

Victims of Crime : Report crimes to the local police at 999 (United Kingdom) or 112 (Gibraltar) and contact the U.S. Embassy at +(44) (20) 7499-9000.

• Local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crimes.

See our webpage on  help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

• help you find appropriate medical care
• assist you in reporting a crime to the police
• contact relatives or friends with your written consent
• explain the local criminal justice process in general terms
• provide a list of local attorneys
• provide our information on  victim compensation programs in the United States
• The Victim Support website  is maintained by an independent UK charity to help people cope with the effects of crime
• A Northern Ireland-based independent charity maintains a similar  victim support website
• In Scotland, victims of crime should contact  Victim Support Scotland
• provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support if you are destitute
• help you find accommodation and arrange flights home
• replace a stolen or lost passport

Domestic Violence:  U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence may contact the Embassy for assistance.

Tourism:  The tourism industry is generally regulated and rules are regularly enforced. Hazardous areas/activities are identified with appropriate signage and professional staff is typically on hand in support of organized activities. In the event of an injury, appropriate medical treatment is widely available throughout the country. Outside of a major metropolitan center, it may take more time for first responders and medical professionals to stabilize a patient and provide life-saving assistance. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance . 

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties:  You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. 

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on  crimes against minors abroad  and the  Department of Justice  website.

• You will be arrested if you bring pocket knives, blades, mace or pepper spray canisters, or any part of a gun into the United Kingdom . Please refer to the UK government publication  Travelling to the UK , which details the items visitors are prohibited from bringing into the United Kingdom.
• Penalties against  alcohol-related  and other  in-flight  crimes committed aboard aircraft to and from the United Kingdom are stiff and are enforced with  prison sentences . Please also see  our information on U.S. customs regulations  covering your return to the United States.
• Controlled Substances: UK law prohibits possession and trafficking of controlled substances and narcotics, including some substances that may be legal to possess under the law of certain U.S. states. More information on controlled substances is available here . Individuals who violate UK drug laws may face penalties including fines or prison sentences.

Arrest Notification:  If you are arrested or detained in the United Kingdom, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately. See our  webpage  for further information.

Special Circumstances:

• The legal drinking age in the United Kingdom is 18. Parents and organizers of school trips should read our  Students Abroad website  to help plan a safe and enjoyable experience.
• Scotland’s “drink drive limit” law was amended to a lower level (roughly .05 BAC) and is stricter than the rest of the United Kingdom (roughly .08 BAC). This means that  driving after even one drink  can result in a charge of driving under the influence.
• The United Kingdom has very strict gun control laws, and importing firearms is extremely complicated.  Information on applying for a firearm and/or shotgun certificate can be found on the  London Metropolitan Police Firearms licensing webpage .  Licenses from England or Wales may not be valid in Scotland; please check with the appropriate authorities.  For firearms certificates for Scotland, please check with  Police Scotland .

Faith-Based Travelers:  See our following webpages for details:

• International Religious Freedom Report  – see country reports
• Human Rights Report  – see country reports
• Hajj Fact Sheet for Travelers
• Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad

LGBTI Travelers:  There are no legal restrictions on same-sex sexual relations or the organization of LGBTI events in the United Kingdom.

See our  LGBTI Travel Information  page and section 6 of our  Human Rights report  for further details.

Travelers Who Require Accessibility Assistance:

• UK law requires that all public service providers (except in the transportation sector) make “reasonable adjustments” to ensure their services are available to persons with disabilities.  Nevertheless, code exemptions permit many older buildings to have steps up from the street.
• Getting around in cities may be difficult at times because sidewalks can be narrow and uneven.
• Most London Underground and UK National Rail System stations are not readily accessible for people with disabilities.  Many stations do not have elevators, and have stairways and long corridors for changing trains or exiting to the street. Many UK buses are equipped with lowering platforms for limited-mobility or sight- or hearing-disabled travelers.
• Many taxis have swivel-entry seats or retractable ramps to ease entry.
• Disabled parking permits (known as “blue badges”) are issued by local government councils throughout the country. Visit the  UK government website  for contact information. Some councils may not offer permits to temporary visitors.

The  Transport for London  and  National Rail  websites provide information for passengers with disabilities.

Students:  See our  Students Abroad  page and  FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers:  See our travel tips for  women travelers .

While medical services are widely available,  free medical care  under the National Health System (NHS) is allowed only for UK residents, certain EU nationals, and some visa holders.

An NHS surcharge is assessed on certain visa applicants at the time of application.  Tourists and short-term visitors will not be assessed the surcharge, but will be charged 150 percent of the cost of any medical treatment they receive from the NHS. Unpaid balances of £1,000 or more can result in being barred from return to the United Kingdom.

• The U.S. government does not pay medical bills, and U.S. Medicare is not valid overseas.

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides  coverage overseas . Most care providers overseas only accept  cash payments . See our webpage for more information on insurance coverage overseas.

• We strongly recommend  supplemental insurance  to cover medical evacuation.

Carry  prescription medication  in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. Traveling with sufficient supplies to last the duration of your trip is recommended. Mailing prescriptions is prohibitive and may be delayed or rejected by British customs.

Certain prescriptions available in the United States are classified as a "controlled drug"  in the United Kingdom and cannot be brought into the country without applying for and obtaining a prior license. This includes prescriptions for medical marijuana or products containing CBD and THC.  Please visit the https://www.gov.uk/travelling-controlled-drugs for additional information. 

Vaccinations:  Be up-to-date on all  vaccinations  recommended for international travel by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further health information:

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  (CDC)

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety:  Road conditions in the United Kingdom can differ significantly from those in the United States.

• In contrast to the United States, UK traffic drives on the left.  Read the  Highway Code  before driving.
• Emergency call boxes  (orange telephone booths with “SOS” printed on them) are found at half-mile intervals along motorways. White and blue poles point in the direction of the nearest call box. Call boxes dial directly to a motorway center. Use these phones rather than a personal cell phone, because motorway center personnel will immediately know your exact location.
• Generally,  pedestrians do not have the right of way  and should not expect vehicles to stop for them.

Many U.S. citizen pedestrians are injured, some fatally, every year in the United Kingdom, because they forget that oncoming  traffic approaches from the opposite direction  than in the United States.  Exercise extra care when crossing streets; remain alert and look both ways before stepping into the street.

Traffic Laws: 

• UK penalties for driving under the influence of  alcohol  or  drugs  are strict and often  result in prison sentences .
• Using a  hand-held cell phone  or similar device while driving is  illegal  in the United Kingdom. Only hands-free phones may be used. You will be  fined , or in the case of an accident,  arrested  and serve time in  prison .
• The speed limit on highways/motorways in the United Kingdom is 70 mph, or lower when posted.
• You will be  detained  and  arrested  if you cannot provide a UK address to receive a subpoena or are about to depart the United Kingdom and have to be brought to court quickly for a motoring offense.
• In Central London, a congestion charge is levied on all drivers who pass through the congestion zone. You will be  fined  or  arrested  if you do not pay the charge. See  Transport for London  for more information about driving in London.

Public Transportation:  Public transport in the United Kingdom is extensive.

• Information on disruptions to London transportation services can be found on the  Transport for London  website.
• Information about the status of National Rail Services can be found on the  National Rail Enquiries  website.
• Bus and train service information in Northern Ireland can be found on the  Translink  website.
• Bus and train service information in Scotland can be found on the  Traveline Scotland  website.

See our  Road Safety page  for more information. For specific information concerning UK driving permits, vehicle inspection, road tax, and mandatory insurance, refer to the  UK Department for Transport  website or the  Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency  website.

Aviation Safety Oversight:  The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has assessed the government of the United Kingdom’s Civil Aviation Authority as being in compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards for oversight of United Kingdom’s air carrier operations. Further information may be found on the  FAA’s safety assessment page .

Maritime Travel: Mariners planning travel to the United Kingdom should also check for U.S. maritime advisories and alerts at  www.marad.dot.gov/msci . Information may also be posted to the U.S. Coast Guard homeport website and the NGA broadcast warnings website (select “broadcast warnings”).

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on  Twitter  and  Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in the United Kingdom . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA ) report.

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United Arab Emirates

Vatican City (Holy See)

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UK custom regulations are established by His Majesty’s Revenue & Customs (HMRC). HMRC is the UK’s tax, payments, and customs authority, and it collects money that pays for the UK’s public services. The HMRC lays out all of its general information for importers and exporters in the document titled ‘ UK Trade Tariff: Volume 1 ’, published on January 1, 2009 and periodically updated.

Value Added Tax, or VAT, is applicable on goods imported into (and exported out of) the UK, and is governed by the Value Added Tax Act 1994 (an act of Parliament (Westminster)), particularly Section 15 to Section 17 of this statute, which details the charge to the tax applicable in the case of ‘Imported Goods from Outside Member States’ (i.e., outside the EU). The VAT is charged as though it is a custom duty, and provisions in the Community Customs Code (from the European Economic Community) and the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979 apply while appropriating VAT in relation to imported goods.

The liability of VAT on goods is ascertained by assigning them ‘commodity codes’, which are again detailed in the ‘UK Trade Tariff: Volume 1’ from the HMRC.

On exportation, however, VAT is generally not applied, i.e., nil rate applied on VAT. Merely providing proof of export is enough for an export to be cleared. The rate of the VAT may increase or decrease, and Section 2(2) of the Value Added Tax Act 1994 grants Her Majesty’s Treasury (HM Treasury, or Treasury) the authority to decrease or increase the rate of VAT by 25% for a period of one year. See the HMRC’s guidance on VAT rates for further information.

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Countries or territories

226 Countries or territories

Countries starting with A

• Afghanistan
• Antarctica/British Antarctic Territory
• Antigua and Barbuda

Countries starting with B

• Bonaire/St Eustatius/Saba
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• British Indian Ocean Territory
• British Virgin Islands
• Burkina Faso

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• Central African Republic
• Cook Islands, Tokelau and Niue
• Côte d'Ivoire
• Czech Republic

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• Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Dominican Republic

Countries starting with E

• El Salvador
• Equatorial Guinea

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• French Polynesia

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• Guinea-Bissau

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Countries starting with i, countries starting with j, countries starting with k, countries starting with l.

• Liechtenstein

Countries starting with M

• Marshall Islands
• Myanmar (Burma)

Countries starting with N

• Netherlands
• New Caledonia
• New Zealand
• North Korea
• North Macedonia

Countries starting with O

Countries starting with p.

• The Occupied Palestinian Territories
• Papua New Guinea
• Philippines
• Pitcairn Island

Countries starting with Q

Countries starting with r, countries starting with s.

• São Tomé and Principe
• Saudi Arabia
• Sierra Leone
• Solomon Islands
• South Africa
• South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
• South Korea
• South Sudan
• St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
• St Kitts and Nevis
• St Martin and St Barthélemy
• St Pierre & Miquelon
• St Vincent and the Grenadines
• Switzerland

Countries starting with T

• Timor-Leste
• Trinidad and Tobago
• Turkmenistan
• Turks and Caicos Islands

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• United Arab Emirates

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• Western Sahara

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