vaccine passport travel to usa

Situation in Haiti April 5, 2024

U.s. citizens in haiti, update april 12, 2024, information for u.s. citizens in the middle east.

• Travel Advisories |
• Contact Us |
• MyTravelGov |

Find U.S. Embassies & Consulates

Travel.state.gov, congressional liaison, special issuance agency, u.s. passports, international travel, intercountry adoption, international parental child abduction, records and authentications, popular links, travel advisories, mytravelgov, stay connected, legal resources, legal information, info for u.s. law enforcement, replace or certify documents.

Travel.State.Gov Newsroom

U.S. Passports News

International Travel News

U.S. Visas News

Intercountry Adoption News and Notices

Share this page:

Update on Change to U.S. Travel Policy Requiring COVID-19 Vaccination for nonimmigrant travel

Worldwide Visa Operations: Update

Employment-Based Fourth Preference (EB-4) Announcement

Suspension of Visa Services in Sudan

Diversity Visa 2024 Update

Nonimmigrant Visa Fee Increases to Take Effect June 17, 2023

India EB-3 Retrogression

Expiration of Covid-Era Visa Application Fee Receipts

Digital Visa Authorization (DVA) Proof of Concept

Final Rule Governing Public Charge Grounds of Visa Ineligibility

Visa Waiver Travel for Israeli Citizens

Important Update on Waivers of the Interview Requirement for Certain Nonimmigrant Visa Applicants

Department of State to Process Domestic Visa Renewals in Limited Pilot Program

The Administration will end the COVID-19 vaccine requirements for international air travelers at the end of the day on May 11, the same day that the COVID-19 public health emergency ends. This means starting May 12, noncitizen nonimmigrant air passengers will no longer need to show proof of being fully vaccinated with an accepted COVID-19 vaccine to board a flight to the United States. CDC’s Amended Order Implementing Presidential Proclamation on Safe Resumption of Global Travel During the COVID-19 Pandemic will no longer be in effect when the Presidential Proclamation Advancing the Safe Resumption of Global Travel During the COVID-19 Pandemic is revoked .

Please see: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/05/01/the-biden-administration-will-end-covid-19-vaccination-requirements-for-federal-employees-contractors-international-travelers-head-start-educators-and-cms-certified-facilities/

External Link

You are about to leave travel.state.gov for an external website that is not maintained by the U.S. Department of State.

Links to external websites are provided as a convenience and should not be construed as an endorsement by the U.S. Department of State of the views or products contained therein. If you wish to remain on travel.state.gov, click the "cancel" message.

You are about to visit:

An official website of the United States government

Here’s how you know

Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( Lock A locked padlock ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

• Fact Sheets

Frequently Asked Questions: Guidance for Travelers to Enter the U.S.

Updated Date: April 21, 2022

Since January 22, 2022, DHS has required non-U.S. individuals seeking to enter the United States via land ports of entry and ferry terminals at the U.S.-Mexico and U.S.-Canada borders to be fully vaccinated for COVID-19 and provide proof of vaccination upon request.  On April 21, 2022, DHS announced that it would extend these requirements. In determining whether and when to rescind this order, DHS anticipates that it will take account of whether the vaccination requirement for non-U.S. air travelers remains in place.

These requirements apply to non-U.S. individuals who are traveling for essential or non-essential reasons. They do not apply to U.S. citizens, Lawful Permanent Residents, or U.S. nationals.

Effective November 8, 2021, new air travel requirements applied to many noncitizens who are visiting the United States temporarily. These travelers are also required to show proof of COVID-19 vaccination. All air travelers, including U.S. persons, must test negative for COVID-19 prior to departure. Limited exceptions apply. See  CDC guidance  for more details regarding air travel requirements.

Below is more information about what to know before you go, and answers to Frequently Asked Questions about cross-border travel.

Entering the U.S. Through a Land Port of Entry or Ferry Terminal

Q. what are the requirements for travelers entering the united states through land poes.

A:  Before embarking on a trip to the United States, non-U.S. travelers should be prepared for the following:

• Possess proof of an approved COVID-19 vaccination as outlined on the  CDC  website.
• During border inspection, verbally attest to their COVID-19 vaccination status. 
• Bring a  Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative  compliant border crossing document, such as a valid passport (and visa if required), Trusted Traveler Program card, a Department of State-issued Border Crossing Card, Enhanced Driver’s License or Enhanced Tribal Card when entering the country. Travelers (including U.S. citizens) should be prepared to present the WHTI-compliant document and any other documents requested by the CBP officer.

 Q. What are the requirements to enter the United States for children under the age of 18 who can't be vaccinated?

A:  Children under 18 years of age are excepted from the vaccination requirement at land and ferry POEs.

Q: Which vaccines/combination of vaccines will be accepted?

A:  Per CDC guidelines, all Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved and authorized vaccines, as well as all vaccines that have an Emergency Use Listing (EUL) from the World Health Organization (WHO), will be accepted.

Accepted Vaccines:

• More details are available in CDC guidance  here .
• 2 weeks (14 days) after your dose of an accepted single-dose COVID-19 vaccine;
• 2 weeks (14 days) after your second dose of an accepted 2-dose series;
• 2 weeks (14 days) after you received the full series of an accepted COVID-19 vaccine (not placebo) in a clinical trial;
• 2 weeks (14 days) after you received 2 doses of any “mix-and-match” combination of accepted COVID-19 vaccines administered at least 17 days apart.

Q. Is the United States requiring travelers to have a booster dose to be considered fully vaccinated for border entry purposes?

A:  No. The CDC guidance for “full vaccination” can be found here.

Q: Do U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents need proof of vaccination to return to the United States via land POEs and ferry terminals?

A:  No. Vaccination requirements do not apply to U.S. citizens, U.S. nationals, or Lawful Permanent Residents (LPRs). Travelers that exhibit signs or symptoms of illness will be referred to CDC for additional medical evaluation.

Q: Is pre- or at-arrival COVID testing required to enter the United States via land POEs or ferry terminals?

A: No, there is no COVID testing requirement to enter the United States via land POE or ferry terminals. In this respect, the requirement for entering by a land POE or ferry terminal differs from arrival via air, where there is a requirement to have a negative test result before departure.

Processing Changes Announced on January 22, 2022 

Q: new changes were recently announced. what changed on january 22.

A:  Since January 22, 2022, non-citizens who are not U.S. nationals or Lawful Permanent Residents have been required to be vaccinated against COVID-19 to enter the United States at land ports of entry and ferry terminals, whether for essential or nonessential purposes. Previously, DHS required that non-U.S. persons be vaccinated against COVID-19 to enter the United States for nonessential purposes.  Effective January 22, all non-U.S. individuals, to include essential travelers, must be prepared to attest to vaccination status and present proof of vaccination to a CBP officer upon request. DHS announced an extension of this policy on April 21, 2022.

Q: Who is affected by the changes announced on January 22?

A: This requirement does not apply to U.S. citizens, U.S. nationals, or U.S. Lawful Permanent Residents. It applies to other noncitizens, such as a citizen of Mexico, Canada, or any other country seeking to enter the United States through a land port of entry or ferry terminal.

Q: Do U.S. citizens need proof of vaccination to return to the United States via land port of entry or ferry terminals?

A: Vaccination requirements do not apply to U.S. Citizens, U.S. nationals or U.S. Lawful Permanent Residents. Travelers that exhibit signs or symptoms of illness will be referred to CDC for additional medical evaluation. 

Q: What is essential travel?

A:  Under the prior policy, there was an exception from temporary travel restrictions for “essential travel.” Essential travel included travel to attend educational institutions, travel to work in the United States, travel for emergency response and public health purposes, and travel for lawful cross-border trade (e.g., commercial truckers). Under current policy, there is no exception for essential travel.

Q: Will there be any exemptions? 

A: While most non-U.S. individuals seeking to enter the United States will need to be vaccinated, there is a narrow list of exemptions consistent with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Order in the air travel context.

• Certain categories of individuals on diplomatic or official foreign government travel as specified in the CDC Order
• Children under 18 years of age;
• Certain participants in certain COVID-19 vaccine trials as specified in the CDC Order;   
• Individuals with medical contraindications to receiving a COVID-19 vaccine as specified in the CDC Order;
• Individuals issued a humanitarian or emergency exception by the Secretary of Homeland Security;
• Individuals with valid nonimmigrant visas (excluding B-1 [business] or B-2 [tourism] visas) who are citizens of a country with limited COVID-19 vaccine availability, as specified in the CDC Order
• Members of the U.S. Armed Forces or their spouses or children (under 18 years of age) as specified in the CDC Order; and
• Individuals whose entry would be in the U.S. national interest, as determined by the Secretary of Homeland Security.

Q: What documentation will be required to show vaccination status?

A:  Non-U.S. individuals are required to be prepared to attest to vaccination status and present proof of vaccination to a CBP officer upon request regardless of the purpose of travel.

The current documentation requirement remains the same and is available on the CDC website . Documentation requirements for entry at land ports of entry and ferry terminals mirror those for entry by air.

Q: What happens if someone doesn’t have proof of vaccine status?

A: If non-U.S. individuals cannot present proof of vaccination upon request, they will not be admitted into the United States and will either be subject to removal or be allowed to withdraw their application for entry.

Q: Will incoming travelers be required to present COVID-19 test results?

A: There is no COVID-19 testing requirement for travelers at land border ports of entry, including ferry terminals.

Q: What does this mean for those who can't be vaccinated, either due to age or other health considerations? 

A: See CDC guidance for additional information on this topic. Note that the vaccine requirement does not apply to children under 18 years of age.

Q: Does this requirement apply to amateur and professional athletes?

A: Yes, unless they qualify for one of the narrow CDC exemptions.

Q: Are commercial truckers required to be vaccinated?

A: Yes, unless they qualify for one of the narrow CDC exemptions. These requirements also apply to bus drivers as well as rail and ferry operators.

Q. Do you expect border wait times to increase?

A:  As travelers navigate these new travel requirements, wait times may increase. Travelers should account for the possibility of longer than normal wait times and lines at U.S. land border crossings when planning their trip and are kindly encouraged to exercise patience.

To help reduce wait times and long lines, travelers can take advantage of innovative technology, such as facial biometrics and the CBP OneTM mobile application, which serves as a single portal for individuals to access CBP mobile applications and services.

Q: How is Customs and Border Protection staffing the ports of entry? 

A: CBP’s current staffing levels at ports of entry throughout the United States are commensurate with pre-pandemic levels. CBP has continued to hire and train new employees throughout the pandemic. CBP expects some travelers to be non-compliant with the proof of vaccination requirements, which may at times lead to an increase in border wait times. Although trade and travel facilitation remain a priority, we cannot compromise national security, which is our primary mission. CBP Office of Field Operations will continue to dedicate its finite resources to the processing of arriving traffic with emphasis on trade facilitation to ensure economic recovery.

Q: What happens if a vaccinated individual is traveling with an unvaccinated individual?  

A:  The unvaccinated individual (if 18 or over) would not be eligible for admission.

Q: If I am traveling for an essential reason but am not vaccinated can I still enter?

A:  No, if you are a non-U.S. individual. The policy announced on January 22, 2022 applies to both essential and non-essential travel by non-U.S. individual travelers. Since January 22, DHS has required that all inbound non-U.S. individuals crossing U.S. land or ferry POEs – whether for essential or non-essential reasons – be fully vaccinated for COVID-19 and provide related proof of vaccination upon request.

Q: Are sea crew members on vessels required to have a COVID vaccine to disembark?

A:  Sea crew members traveling pursuant to a C-1 or D nonimmigrant visa are not excepted from COVID-19 vaccine requirements at the land border. This is a difference from the international air transportation context.

Entering the U.S. via Air Travel

Q: what are the covid vaccination requirements for air passengers to the united states  .

A:  According to CDC requirements [www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/noncitizens-US-air-travel.html | Link no longer valid], most noncitizens who are visiting the United States temporarily must be fully vaccinated prior to boarding a flight to the United States. These travelers are required to show proof of vaccination. A list of covered individuals is available on the CDC website.  

Q: What are the COVID testing requirements for air passengers to the United States?  

A:  Effective Sunday, June 12 at 12:01 a.m. ET, CDC will no longer require pre-departure COVID-19 testing for U.S.-bound air travelers.

• Border Security
• Transportation Security
• Airport Security
• Coronavirus (COVID-19)
• Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
• Transportation Security Administration (TSA)

The independent source for health policy research, polling, and news.

Key Questions about COVID-19 Vaccine Passports and the U.S.

Anna Rouw , Jennifer Kates , and Josh Michaud Published: Apr 15, 2021

As COVID-19 vaccination rolls out in parts of the world, many countries have started to implement or are considering the use of COVID-19 “vaccine passports” – paper or digital forms certifying that a person has been vaccinated against COVID-19 – for purposes of international travel. In addition, some countries are using them for domestic travel and/or access to certain establishments, activities, and events. Such certifications are separate from but related to the issue of vaccine mandates . Where COVID-19 vaccines are mandated, there will be a need to certify vaccine status, and a vaccine passport is a potential tool for that purpose.

The U.S. government is exploring COVID-19 vaccine certifications for use internationally and domestically. The administration has said that a vaccine passport may be required in the future for international travelers entering the U.S., but it will not impose a federal requirement for domestic purposes. However, it is working with the private sector to develop standards around such certifications. Within the U.S., states are landing on different sides of what has quickly become a partisan issue with several states moving to implement passports while others have come out strongly against the idea.

This brief provides an overview of what vaccine passports are, how they are being used, and identifies a number of outstanding policy issues facing the U.S. in both the international and domestic contexts.

What are COVID-19 Vaccine Passports?

A vaccine passport is a paper or digital form certifying that a person has been vaccinated against a particular disease. There is a long history of the use of vaccine certifications for international travel, with many countries currently requiring travelers to present proof of yellow fever vaccination to enter, for example. A COVID-19 vaccine certification for international travel could be used by governments in a number of ways, such as allowing an individual to move across borders more freely by potentially bypassing travel restrictions like testing or quarantine requirements upon arrival. In addition, vaccine passports may be used for domestic purposes, such as to permit individuals access to certain businesses, locations or activities within countries.

Where are COVID-19 Vaccine Passports Being Used Now?

Several countries have already begun to use COVID-19 vaccine passports, with wide variation in policies and implementation. Israel began issuing ‘green passes’ in February 2021 to their vaccinated citizens to allow for less restricted internal movement and access to businesses such as to gyms or theaters. Other countries, such as China and Bahrain , have begun issuing digital vaccine passports to their vaccinated citizens to equip them to travel internationally. Lastly, in several countries, including Georgia , Estonia , Poland , and Seychelles , proof of COVID-19 vaccination allows incoming travelers to avoid certain travel restrictions, such as testing or quarantining. Numerous other countries are considering the use of COVID-19 vaccine passports, either for internal or international movement, including the United Kingdom , Malaysia , Singapore , Greece , Denmark , the EU , and the U.S.

Multiple international organizations have already launched efforts to set standards and coordinate the design and implementation of vaccine passports for international travel, including the World Health Organization , World Economic Forum , International Chamber of Commerce , and the International Air Travel Association . The WHO is undertaking this effort as part of its mandate under the International Health Regulations (IHR) to coordinate among member states to provide a public health response to the international spread of diseases; it is possible that COVID-19 vaccination could be included in an updated version of the IHR (at this time, yellow fever is the only disease listed in the IHR for which countries can require proof of vaccination as a condition of entry).

Will the U.S. Use COVID-19 Vaccine Passports?

There is likely to be growing demand for vaccine certifications for use in the U.S., for international travel as well as domestic purposes. Airlines and tourism groups have already called for vaccine certifications as a way to ease the process of pandemic-era travel; the CDC recently released guidance saying fully vaccinated individuals can resume non-essential travel safely within the U.S. and stating that fully vaccinated persons can consider international travel if they maintain recommended precautions. Federal officials have also indicated that vaccination may in the future be required for entry into the U.S. for incoming travelers; the U.S. currently requires all air passengers coming to the U.S. to have a negative COVID-19 test. 1   Domestically, proof of vaccination may be required for entry into certain federal facilities in the U.S., including military bases and other federal buildings, and a number of U.S. companies and universities have already announced vaccinations will be required for their employees, students, and staff, which will require some kind of certification (see this recent KFF analysis for more discussion of vaccine mandates in the U.S.). Indeed, as stated at a recent meeting of the federal Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC), “Proof of individual COVID-related health status is likely to be an important component of pandemic response” and “As more of the population becomes vaccinated, proof of immunization will likely become a major, if not the primary, form of health status validation”.

The Biden administration has made it clear it will not be the role of the federal government to issue vaccine passports or to collect and store individuals’ vaccination data at the federal level, but the government is taking on a coordination role and working with many of the international and domestic vaccine passport initiatives being developed by other parties. For example, President Biden issued an Executive Order directing the State Department to work with the World Health Organization, the International Civil Aviation Organization, the International Air Transport Association, foreign governments and others to establish international travel standards. Further, the order directs the Secretaries of the State Department, Department of Health and Human Services, and Department of Homeland Security, in coordination with relevant international organizations, to assess the feasibility of linking vaccination status with digital certificates for international travel. On the domestic side, the Administration is working with a number of privately-led vaccine passport initiatives already underway, to develop guidelines and address issues such as accessibility, privacy, and other access barriers. There are at least 17 such U.S.-based initiatives involving companies and institutions including Microsoft, IBM, MasterCard, the Mayo Clinic, and MIT. So far, these efforts remain in the development stage and none of these organizations has yet launched a vaccine passport for widespread use in the U.S. In the absence of a widely used vaccine passport system, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) “vaccination report card”, which is issued to each vaccinated individual, is being used as proof of vaccination in many cases for access to some activities and facilities. However, these cards can be falsified and lack a digital counterpart, upping the stakes on the need to develop standards and implement security measures.

Individual states are landing on different sides of the issue. Several have launched or are actively exploring the use vaccine certificates with New York being the first state to introduce a COVID-19 vaccine certification pass that would allow individuals to certify their vaccination status in order to access certain social activities. Other states, including Hawaii , are considering similar efforts. At the same time, several governors have come out strongly against vaccine passports, with some issuing executive orders banning their use, as has been done in Florida and Texas , or supporting legislation to prevent them, as in Tennessee . In the absence of a federally issued or sanctioned vaccine passport, and no nationwide private sector initiative yet being adopted, the U.S. may see more state or local level certification initiatives, which may or may not be coordinated across jurisdictions.

What are Key Implementation Issues to Consider?

There are a host of challenges and questions surrounding the design and use of vaccine passports, including issues of equity and access, a lack of uniform standards, and privacy and security.

Equity and access: There have already been significant equity challenges in vaccine roll out and access. Globally, most people in low and middle income countries (LMICs) do not have access to COVID-19 vaccines and may not until 2023 or later, and within the U.S. our analyses show that Black and Hispanic people have been vaccinated at lower rates than White people, and that high poverty and uninsured rates are associated with lower vaccination rates in many U.S. counties. In addition, non-citizen immigrants in the U.S. who, while eligible for free COVID-19 vaccination, may be reluctant to access the vaccine and/or to sign up for a vaccine passport that would require sharing of personal or other information with authorities. Further, it is still an ongoing question as to how populations that are either ineligible or unable to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, such as children under the age of 16, people with medical exceptions and those with religious objections, will be included in a COVID-19 vaccine passport system. Lastly, the process to sign up for a vaccine passport itself may present additional access issues, particularly for some groups. Given these inequities, some have cited concerns that proof of vaccination as a condition to access certain activities, such as travel or specific venues, has the potential to be discriminatory. For this reason, the World Health Organization’s Emergency Committee on the COVID-19 Pandemic officially cautioned countries against the use of requiring COVID-19 vaccine passports for international travel at this time, stating that COVID-19 vaccination should not exempt individuals from other risk-reduction measures while traveling and noting that vaccination as a requirement to travel would inequitably impact individuals in LMICs. Likewise, a coalition of travel organizations recently expressed concerns about imposing a travel-related vaccine requirement, recommending that vaccinated individuals be exempt from international testing requirements but that vaccination not be a “prerequisite to travel.” The EU, in its proposal for a Digital Green Certificate , has said that to ensure freedom of movement with the EU, it would include COVID-19 test certificates and certificates for those who have recovered from COVID-19 as part of its plan, in addition to certification of vaccination. New York state’s Excelsior Pass also allows for the use of a negative COVID-19 test (instead of vaccine certification).

Mutual recognition of passports : Countries that have begun or are considering issuing COVID-19 vaccine passports will need to establish agreements with other countries in order to have these passports recognized for international travel. Already, some of the initial passport proposals demonstrate limitations in this regard. For example, the EU’s proposal would allow for any vaccinated EU citizen to travel freely across all EU member states 2 , but not outside of the EU. Israel has signed an agreement with Cyprus and Greece to allow for international travel, while Malaysia and Singapore are considering an agreement for reciprocal recognition . The U.S. has not yet weighed in on an international standard or indicated what form of passport the government would accept for international arrivals, though such standards are being discussed and developed but have yet to be applied. This has created confusion, and a fragmented approach across countries so far. It is also likely to be an issue within the U.S. as different jurisdictions take varying approaches.

Lack of uniform digital standards : Related to the issue of mutual recognition is that of digital standards. Currently, there is no standardized guidance related to the design of COVID-19 vaccine passports, including any standards for issues such as data privacy or interoperability. One report has identified at least 12 issues that will require international guidance in order to create a universally recognized COVID-19 vaccine passport system. The WHO’s Smart Vaccination Certificate Working Group is currently working to provide such international guidance and standards. The group released its first round of guidance addressing several digital standards issues, including interoperability and minimum data standards, in March 2021. A complete set of recommendations in expected in June 2021, though in the meantime, countries are moving ahead with individual efforts. Within the U.S., the interoperability of individual organization or jurisdiction passport efforts also presents a domestic challenge.

Diverse vaccine authorization and approval landscape: Across countries, different combinations of vaccines have been authorized and administered. Some of the vaccines used in one country may not be recognized or accepted by another country, raising questions about whether and how to certify different vaccines across this landscape for purposes of a vaccine passport. For example, Iceland has stated that only vaccines approved for use by the European Medicines Agency or the WHO will be recognized in order to waive certain screening and quarantine requirements for incoming travelers, which would exclude persons who have been vaccinated with the Russian Sputnik V vaccine or one of the Chinese-developed COVID-19 vaccines. Similarly, the EU’s Digital Green Certificate proposal would also only include vaccines that have received EU-wide authorization. So far, the U.S. has not stated which vaccines it might accept for the purposes of a vaccine passport.

Scientific considerations: The WHO has stated there is a need for further scientific investigation into COVID-19 vaccine products to understand in more detail the extent vaccines reduce transmission, and the strength and duration of immunity provided. For example, Israel’s green passes are only valid for six months starting the week after vaccination, to take into consideration the potential for waning immunity over time. COVID-19 passports may need to consider each vaccine product’s unique immunity profile when issuing certification of vaccine-induced immunity over a certain period of time, a process which becomes even more complicated in the presence of variants with unknown effects on vaccine effectiveness.

Privacy and security: Among the concerns raised in the lack of uniform digital standards and COVID-19 vaccine passports is the issue of privacy and data security. Combining and storing individuals’ vaccination data in a centralized database could expose this information to data breaches and raises questions about oversight and control of that data. In fact, some vulnerabilities have already been detected in COVID-19 vaccine passports under development. Individuals and organizations are less likely to want to participate if these concerns about security and privacy are not adequately addressed.

There are a large number of as-yet uncoordinated efforts underway already to develop vaccine passports. It is not yet clear if or when the U.S. might adopt a vaccine passport standard for cross-border travel or for domestic purposes, and what form such a credential will take or what restrictions it might place on individuals. It is likely that attention to, and calls for, vaccine passports for both international and domestic use will increase over time, as more people are vaccinated and governments and employers seek to find ways to balance public health concerns while also easing a return to some level of normalcy. However, there a number of significant issues to consider related to the design, use, and ethics of vaccine passports, and many questions about how they can and should be implemented in the U.S. and elsewhere.

For incoming travel to the U.S. , individuals are currently required to either provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test within three days of departure or proof of recovery within the last 90 days. As of April 13, vaccination status does not exempt incoming travelers from these requirements.

← Return to text

The proposal would also allow Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland to opt-in to the program.

• Coronavirus (COVID-19)
• Coronavirus

news release

• Vaccine Passports: What We Know and What to Consider

Also of Interest

• Key Questions About COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates
• How are States Addressing Racial Equity in COVID-19 Vaccine Efforts?

An official website of the United States government

Here’s how you know

Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( Lock Locked padlock icon ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

COVID-19 international travel advisories

If you plan to visit the U.S., you do not need to be tested or vaccinated for COVID-19. U.S. citizens going abroad, check with the Department of State for travel advisories.

COVID-19 testing and vaccine rules for entering the U.S.

• As of May 12, 2023, noncitizen nonimmigrant visitors to the U.S.  arriving by air  or  arriving by land or sea  no longer need to show proof of being fully vaccinated against COVID-19. 
• As of June 12, 2022,  people entering the U.S. no longer need to show proof of a negative COVID-19 test . 

U.S. citizens traveling to a country outside the U.S.

Find country-specific COVID-19 travel rules from the Department of State.

See the  CDC's COVID-19 guidance for safer international travel.

LAST UPDATED: December 6, 2023

Have a question?

Ask a real person any government-related question for free. They will get you the answer or let you know where to find it.

Advertisement

Supported by

Coming Soon: The ‘Vaccine Passport’

In the near future, travel may require digital documentation showing that passengers have been vaccinated or tested for the coronavirus. Answers to your questions.

• Share full article

By Tariro Mzezewa

Among governments and those in the travel industry, a new term has entered the vocabulary: vaccine passport .

One of President Biden’s executive orders aimed at curbing the pandemic asked government agencies to “assess the feasibility” of linking coronavirus vaccine certificates with other vaccination documents, and producing digital versions of them.

And Denmark’s government rolled out a digital passport that will allow citizens to show they have been vaccinated. The European Union is adopting a digital Covid certificate system for travel that some countries began using in June.

It isn’t just governments that are suggesting vaccine passports . Etihad Airways and Emirates started using a digital travel pass, developed by the International Air Transport Association, to help passengers manage their travel plans and provide airlines and governments documentation that they have been vaccinated or tested for Covid-19.

The challenge right now is creating a document or app that is accepted around the world, that protects privacy and is accessible to people regardless of their wealth or access to smartphones.

Here’s what we know about the current status of digital vaccine passports.

What is a vaccine passport or pass?

A vaccination pass or passport is documentation proving that you have been vaccinated against Covid-19. Some versions will also allow people to show that they have tested negative for the virus, and therefore can more easily travel. The versions being worked on now by airlines, governments, industry groups, nonprofits and technology companies will be something you can pull up on your mobile phone as an app or part of your digital wallet.

“It’s about trying to digitize a process that happens now and make it into something that allows for more harmony and ease, making it easier for people to travel between countries without having to pull out different papers for different countries and different documents at different checkpoints,” said Nick Careen, senior vice president for airport, passenger, cargo and security at I.A.T.A. Mr. Careen has been leading I.A.T.A.’s travel pass initiative.

I.A.T.A. is one of several organizations that have been working on digital solutions to streamline the travel credentialing process for years; during the pandemic, these groups have focused on including vaccination status. The idea is that if you have all the pertinent information on your phone, a significant amount of time will be saved.

In addition to I.A.T.A., IBM has launched its own Digital Health Pass that enables individuals to present proof of vaccination or a negative test to gain access to a public location, such as a sports stadium, airplane, university or workplace. The pass, built on IBM’s blockchain technology, can utilize multiple data types, including temperature checks, virus exposure notifications, test results and vaccine status. The World Economic Forum and the Commons Project Foundation, a Swiss nonprofit group, have developed a digital health passport called CommonPass , which allows travelers to access testing or vaccination information. The pass generates a QR code that could be shown to authorities.

52 Places to Love in 2021

We asked readers to tell us about the spots that have delighted, inspired and comforted them in a dark year. Here, 52 of the more than 2,000 suggestions we received, to remind us that the world still awaits.

Why would I need a vaccine passport or pass?

As more people are inoculated, there will likely be aspects of public life in which only people who have been vaccinated are allowed to participate.

In order to travel internationally, government and health authorities may need to know if you have been vaccinated or have tested negative for the virus. Many countries are already requiring proof of a negative test for entry. Such passes could be essential to restarting the tourism industry, said Zurab Pololikashvili, secretary general of the United Nations World Tourism Organization.

“One key element vital for the restart of tourism is consistency and harmonization of rules and protocols regarding international travel,” he said in an email. “Evidence of vaccination, for example, through the coordinated introduction of what may be called ‘health passports’ can offer this. They can also eliminate the need for quarantine on arrival, a policy which is also standing in the way of the return of international tourism.”

Dakota Gruener, executive director of ID2020, a global public-private partnership, said that there are three scenarios regarding digital credentialing for the coronavirus response. The first, which is largely off the table, is the creation of immunity certificates. These are documents that would show that people have developed some kind of immunity to the virus. The second scenario is being able to prove you’ve tested negative for the virus; the third is being able to show that you have been vaccinated. The last two scenarios, experts agree, are the most important for getting the travel industry going again.

“We’re seeing a lot of interest from airlines, airline industry groups, customs and border control agencies and travelers, all saying, ‘how do I safely get on a plane or as a condition of entry into a country, get on a train, whatever the case may be, and prove that I have been tested or vaccinated?’” Ms. Gruener said.

Ms. Gruener is one expert in a World Health Organization-sponsored group tasked with establishing global standards for digital vaccination certificates.

Has this been done before?

Having to prove you’ve been vaccinated in order to participate in activities or enter certain countries is not a new concept. For decades, people traveling to some countries have had to prove that they have been vaccinated against diseases such as yellow fever, rubella and cholera. Often, after being vaccinated, travelers received a signed and stamped “yellow card,” known as an International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, which the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention still urge people to take on relevant trips.

“Everybody who has traveled internationally to countries that require vaccination against malaria, diphtheria and other things has had yellow cards,” said Brian Behlendorf, executive director of Linux Foundation Public Health , a technology-focused organization helping public health authorities combat Covid-19 around the world. Its focus is helping projects, communities and companies build open-source technology. “Parents with kids in public school have had to prove their kids have been vaccinated. This is not something new.”

But a major difference between the yellow card of years past and what is being worked on now is the digital component, which comes with new concerns around privacy and accessibility. The Linux Foundation is working in partnership with the Covid-19 Credentials Initiative , a collective of more than 300 people from five continents to help develop universal standards for vaccine credential apps that make them accessible and equitable. The foundation is also working with IBM and CommonPass.

“As these things get rolled out, it’s important for citizens to ask governments and airlines: How do we make this easy so I have one vaccination record to book a flight, hotel and so I can use that to do some other things,” Mr. Behlendorf said. “It should work like email. If it doesn’t, agitate for it.”

Do vaccine passports have to be digital?

Vaccine passports don’t have to be digital, but they would make the travel process smoother.

“Imagine a future where a plane lands in an airport and a hundred people have a travel pass, 100 have another health wallet, 50 have bits of paper and another 25 have some kind of government document,” said Jamie Smith, senior director of business development at Evernym, a developer that has been working with I.A.T.A. and others on developing a vaccine pass. “What does the airport do? How do they process all those people in a standard, simple way?”

The European Union’s law enforcement agency said in February that sales of fake negative test results are becoming more widespread , another reason the industry is trying to develop digital passes that are secure.

What are the objections to vaccine passports?

In a world where more than a billion people aren’t able to prove their identity because they lack passports, birth certificates, driver’s licenses or national identification cards, digital documents that show vaccine status may heighten inequality and risk, leaving many people behind. That concern has been at the heart of Ms. Gruener’s work.

“Long predating Covid, we were working on the intersection of digital credentials and immunization,” she said. “It’ll be years before vaccines are universally available on a global level and thus widespread testing is going to continue and must continue alongside vaccination to enable a safe and equitable return to travel and other public activities.”

For those without smartphones, the industry says it will accept paper proof, but even that needs to be standardized.

In addition, there are concerns about privacy and data sharing.

“There are ways this could be done right or done terribly wrong and the wrong ways could lead us to a techno dystopia,” said Jenny Wanger, director of programs at the Linux Foundation, adding that it’s important that the tech-building aspect of these apps be done in the open and doesn’t end up in the control of any one government or company. The technology should be open source and accessible to technologists, no matter who they are or where they are, she and others said.

What are the challenges to creating these digital passports?

Technologists and travel industry experts said that although it is possible to rush tech solutions that allow people to have one-use apps, creating long-lasting ethical technology or systems that will not store people’s data, or make it possible to track where they are, takes time.

“The global passport system took 50 years to develop,” said Drummond Reed, chief trust officer for Evernym. “Even when they wanted to add biometrics to that to make it stronger, that took over a decade to agree on just how you’re going to add a fingerprint or a facial biometric to be verified on a passport. Now, in a very short period of time, we need to produce a digital credential that can be as universally recognized as a passport and it needs an even greater level of privacy because it’s going to be digital.”

Follow New York Times Travel on Instagram , Twitter and Facebook . And sign up for our weekly Travel Dispatch newsletter to receive expert tips on traveling smarter and inspiration for your next vacation.

Tariro Mzezewa is a travel reporter at The New York Times.  More about Tariro Mzezewa

What to Know About COVID-19 Vaccine Passports and Travel

As more people get vaccinated and travel ticks upward, some are raising questions about how to prove inoculation, including so-called vaccine passports.

What to Know About Vaccine Passports

Getty Stock Images

Coronavirus vaccine passports could help provide a feeling of safety while traveling.

As more people get vaccinated against the coronavirus , travel and other activities are expected to rebound, raising questions about how to prove inoculation and so-called "vaccine passports."

It's been over a year since the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic. And while average daily cases in the U.S. are still hovering at a high number – nearly 60,000 per day – there are signs that some individuals are ready to travel again, despite pleadings from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to stay put .

The Transportation Security Administration has documented over 1 million airport screenings every day for the past 18 days. It's the longest streak since the pandemic was declared. The CDC currently recommends that fully vaccinated individuals refrain from nonessential travel, though agency officials plan to update that guidance .

Photos: America's Pandemic Toll

A vaccine passport system has been suggested for activities like attending concerts or going into the workplace. But its biggest influence could come from encouraging tourists to resume trips, providing a massive boon to a travel industry that has suffered dramatic losses during the pandemic. However, experts say the idea faces several concerns that are difficult to address.

What is a 'Vaccine Passport?'

Vaccine passports are not a new idea. Frequent international travelers might be familiar with vaccine cards, which are typically a yellow paper showing a persons' vaccinations. Certain areas require proof of vaccination against illnesses like yellow fever or tuberculosis.

President Joe Biden in January issued an executive order directing agencies to assess the feasibility of linking coronavirus vaccinations to vaccine cards, also known as "international certificates of vaccination or prophylaxis," and producing a digital version.

Andy Slavitt, a senior adviser to the White House coronavirus team, said on Monday that it's not the role of the government to create such a passport or hold that kind of data on its citizens. Still, the Biden administration is involved in the efforts and will provide guidance to the private sector on the topic.

Slavitt described the ideal coronavirus passport as free, equitable, secure, accessible in multiple languages and available both digitally and on paper.

Experts have questioned whether a coronavirus vaccine passport needs to be different from the vaccine card system already in place.

"I honestly don't think there's a need for it to be a separate thing," says Henry Raymond, an epidemiologist and associate professor at the Rutgers School of Public Health. He adds that the vaccine is not a free pass to get out of wearing a mask.

Studies are underway to understand whether vaccinated people can become infected asymptomatically and transmit the virus to others, so health officials preach caution in decision-making until they are completed.

The scope of such a system is also unclear. It could be something used within the U.S. to allow vaccinated people to resume certain activities like sporting events, or some countries could choose to implement it on international travelers.

What are the Benefits?

While proving vaccination could help pave the way for a return to normalcy across several industries, travel would likely benefit the most. Vaccine passports have been proposed as a way to make governments, citizens and travelers more comfortable with opening up to tourism.

The U.S. Travel Association and other groups have asked the Biden administration to set a May 1 deadline to come up with a plan to reopen the U.S. to international visitors.

"If nothing is done to lift international travel bans and bring back demand, the U.S. Travel Association estimates that a total of a 1.1 million American jobs will not be restored and $262 billion in export spending will be lost by the end of 2021," the groups wrote in a letter to the administration.

While the groups stated that they believe vaccinated individuals should be exempt from international testing requirements, they do not support "vaccine requirements as a prerequisite for travel."

[ MAP: The Spread of Coronavirus ]

Coronavirus vaccine passports could help provide a feeling of safety while traveling, but health officials say it is too soon to know if such a feeling is warranted.

"We're still in a place where we don't know how much that vaccination prevents you from transmitting the virus," Raymond says.

But that hasn't stopped some places from exploring the idea or something similar to it.

The European Union recently proposed a "Digital Green Certificate to facilitate the safe free movement of citizens within the EU during the COVID-19 pandemic." It would be digital proof that the person has been vaccinated, tested negative or recovered from the coronavirus.

The International Air Transport Association is developing a mobile application called " Travel Pass " that displays coronavirus test results or proof of inoculation with the aim of providing "governments with the confidence to reopen borders without imposing quarantines on incoming travelers."

And IBM is working on a " digital health pass " as a way to "to bring people back to a physical location, such as a workplace, school, stadium or airline flight."

What are the Downsides?

It's already been established that more research into coronavirus vaccination and transmission is needed, but experts believe equity could be an additional concern with vaccine passports.

"It is hard to imagine how vaccine passports could be put into place in a way that would make travel safer around the world in an equitable manner," Mercedes Carnethon, vice chairwoman of preventive medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, says in an email.

While the U.S. has administered over 143 million doses of coronavirus vaccines, dozens of countries have yet to administer a single shot.

Should a coronavirus vaccine passport be put into place for international travel, it would clearly put countries that have less access to vaccines at a disadvantage.

WHO's stance is that "national authorities and conveyance operators should not introduce requirements of proof of COVID-19 vaccination for international travel as a condition for departure or entry, given that there are still critical unknowns regarding the efficacy of vaccination in reducing transmission." It added that "preferential vaccination of travellers could result in inadequate supplies of vaccines for priority populations considered at high risk of severe COVID-19 disease."

There are also privacy concerns to consider, as people may not be willing to share their health data with companies.

"There's always going to be hesitancy, whether it's about getting the vaccine or giving information about their status," Raymond says.

And it's unclear how much interest U.S. citizens would have in such a system, given that people already seem to be willing to travel within the country regardless of their vaccination status. Young spring breakers have taken to Florida beaches, prompting officials to label the developments " warning signs " of a potential backslide in progress against the coronavirus.

In a country where the pandemic has demonstrated drastic political divides over coronavirus mitigation strategies, a vaccine passport system could be a hard sell.

"Our country has not shown a united front to date when it comes to [COVID-19] mitigation strategies, unlike countries in Europe, Asia and famously New Zealand who have gone through a series of rolling nationwide lockdowns as needed," Carnethon says. "It seems that requiring visitors to the U.S. to show vaccine passports would be challenging to receive bipartisan support to put into place."

Join the Conversation

Tags: Coronavirus , vaccines , pandemic , TSA , Travel , Passports , public health

America 2024

Health News Bulletin

Stay informed on the latest news on health and COVID-19 from the editors at U.S. News & World Report.

Sign in to manage your newsletters »

Sign up to receive the latest updates from U.S News & World Report and our trusted partners and sponsors. By clicking submit, you are agreeing to our Terms and Conditions & Privacy Policy .

You May Also Like

The 10 worst presidents.

U.S. News Staff Feb. 23, 2024

Cartoons on President Donald Trump

Feb. 1, 2017, at 1:24 p.m.

Photos: Obama Behind the Scenes

April 8, 2022

Photos: Who Supports Joe Biden?

March 11, 2020

Trump Gives Johnson Vote of Confidence

Aneeta Mathur-Ashton April 12, 2024

U.S.: Threat From Iran ‘Very Credible’

Cecelia Smith-Schoenwalder April 12, 2024

Inflation Up, Consumer Sentiment Steady

Tim Smart April 12, 2024

House GOP Hands Johnson a Win

A Watershed Moment for America

Lauren Camera April 12, 2024

The Politically Charged Issue of EVs

• Type 2 Diabetes
• Heart Disease
• Digestive Health
• Multiple Sclerosis
• COVID-19 Vaccines
• Occupational Therapy
• Healthy Aging
• Health Insurance
• Public Health
• Patient Rights
• Caregivers & Loved Ones
• End of Life Concerns
• Health News
• Thyroid Test Analyzer
• Doctor Discussion Guides
• Hemoglobin A1c Test Analyzer
• Lipid Test Analyzer
• Complete Blood Count (CBC) Analyzer
• What to Buy
• Editorial Process
• Meet Our Medical Expert Board

Will I Need a COVID-19 Vaccine Passport to Travel?

Morsa Images / Getty Images

Key Takeaways

• Vaccine passports are electronic or paper passes that display a person’s vaccination status. 
• Currently, vaccine passports are not offered by an official U.S. government entity and are only offered through private organizations. 
• Experts explain that vaccine passports may create unnecessary barriers for folks who can’t access vaccinations readily, especially those living in countries outside the U.S.

To date, over 486 million COVID-19 doses have been administered in 137 countries, sending a wave of hope that domestic and international travel might return to a pre-pandemic state sooner rather than later.

Tourism-reliant countries, like Greece, are currently pushing for vaccine passports as a means for bolstering tourism and, in turn, economies.

Will you need to carry a digital proof of COVID-19 vaccination to travel outside of the U.S.? Experts weigh in on how vaccine passports might be implemented.

What Is a Vaccine Passport?

Oxiris Barbot, MD , physician and senior fellow for public health and social justice at the JPB Foundation, tells Verywell that vaccine passports aren’t exactly real passports. “The phrase is how some are referring to electronic or paper proof of valid immunization,” Barbot says. “They are not part of the usual passport process.”

Vaccine passports are also commonly referred to as health certificates, travel passes, or health passports. 

Vaccine passports would allow travelers to provide individual documentation or proof of their vaccination status, according to  Nitin Desai, MD , an internist practicing in North Carolina, and chief medical officer and CEO of COVID Pre-Check, a private digital health passport platform where people can input their COVID-19 symptoms, test results, and vaccination status. 

How Would it work?

COVID Pre-Check is among the various existing companies that are developing and testing vaccine passports. On COVID Pre-Check's platform, travelers would input their last name, date of birth, and cell phone number. “We are very careful about privacy and security,” Desai says.

Once your personal and COVID-19 immunization information is entered, vaccination status would be verified by an electronic medical record or a physician. “The user then is able to display the COVID status via smartphone which displays a QR code,” Desai explains. “Businesses or authorities can read that QR code with a device like a smartphone or tablet.” 

While vaccine passports have been tested by private entities such as technology and travel companies, it is unclear whether they will be accepted and rolled out globally.

So far, Israel—the country with the highest vaccination rate in the world—released their version of vaccine passport in late February. Their "Green Pass," which is a paper and digital vaccination certificate, is available to anyone who has received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine through Israel's health maintenance organizations or another accredited vaccination service or has proof of previous COVID-19 infection.  

This passport will be used to offer access to places like hotels, gyms, theaters, restaurants, and more. Most recently, the European Union has proposed implementing a digital green certificate in a similar vein.

What This Means For You

Vaccine passports are still being developed and tested, so it's not yet known if they will be implemented in the U.S. If you are planning to travel domestically or internationally, you can check the state or countries’ COVID-19 policies on testing and vaccine requirements here .

Vaccine Passport Poses Barriers

While some say that vaccine passports are a golden ticket to international travel, Barbot explains that they have limitations and would create barriers for those who can’t access vaccines. “It runs the risk of stigmatizing people nationally and internationally who can’t get access to vaccination,” Barbot explains.

According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, despite high-income countries accounting for only 19% of the global adult population, they have purchased more than 50% of available COVID-19 vaccine doses.

In a recent press briefing, a senior World Health Organization official advised against the implementation of COVID-19 passports globally—citing that there are ethical considerations to instituting such a rule for travel.

Barbot also says that having vaccine passports could run the risk that people will let their guards down during a time when scientists are still learning about the effectiveness and duration of immunity the vaccines offer. 

Vaccine passports may provide a false sense of security of the potential risks of transmission during air travel. “Vaccines have been assessed for their efficacy in preventing severe illness and death,” she says. “We are just now learning more about their ability to abate transmission.” 

Because vaccine passport systems are mostly privatized and have no official entity for regulation, it can make the system “ripe for fraud,” Barbot adds. 

Staying Safe

While a global vaccination effort is underway, Barbot says that countries should maximize their efforts to vaccinate as many people as possible while assessing the efficacy against emerging variants and adjusting as needed. 

Still, there is limited research on how the current COVID-19 vaccines hold up against the documented variants. Because there is also limited data on the duration of immunity on current COVID-19 vaccines, Barbot stresses the importance of continuing to practice social distancing, mask-wearing, and handwashing until more information and data becomes available. 

The information in this article is current as of the date listed, which means newer information may be available when you read this. For the most recent updates on COVID-19, visit our coronavirus news page .

Bloomberg. More than 486 million shots given: COVID-19 tracker.

Israel Ministry of Health. What is a green pass?

Kaiser Family Foundation. Global COVID-19 vaccine access: a snapshot of inequality .

By Kayla Hui, MPH Hui is a health writer with a master's degree in public health. In 2020, she won a Pulitzer Center Fellowship to report on the mental health of Chinese immigrant truck drivers.

clock This article was published more than  2 years ago

How to use vaccine passports for international travel

Your cdc card can work overseas, but some countries want to see a qr code.

The Washington Post is providing this news free to all readers as a public service.

Follow this story and more by signing up for national breaking news email alerts.

Countries around the world have eased entry requirements for international travelers, but many still require coronavirus tests or proof of vaccination to enter. And for some, not just any proof will do.

Depending on where you’re headed, showing a vaccination card from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention may not be enough. You may need to take extra steps before your trip to set up a “ vaccine passport ” that can be digitally verified.

Below, experts detail how vaccine passport s work, how to get them and where you might need one now.

More travel tips

Vacation planning: Start with a strategy to maximize days off by taking PTO around holidays. Experts recommend taking multiple short trips for peak happiness . Want to take an ambitious trip? Here are 12 destinations to try this year — without crowds.

Cheap flights: Follow our best advice for scoring low airfare , including setting flight price alerts and subscribing to deal newsletters. If you’re set on an expensive getaway, here’s a plan to save up without straining your credit limit.

Airport chaos: We’ve got advice for every scenario , from canceled flights to lost luggage . Stuck at the rental car counter? These tips can speed up the process. And following these 52 rules of flying should make the experience better for everyone.

Expert advice: Our By The Way Concierge solves readers’ dilemmas , including whether it’s okay to ditch a partner at security, or what happens if you get caught flying with weed . Submit your question here . Or you could look to the gurus: Lonely Planet and Rick Steves .

• Search Please fill out this field.
• Manage Your Subscription
• Give a Gift Subscription
• Sweepstakes

A Guide to Vaccine Passport Apps for American Travelers

From granting access to venues or flights, here are popular health passport apps used around the country.

As travel is starting to pick up around the world, many destinations require proof of either a vaccination, COVID-19 antibodies, or a negative test — which lately, can all be found in the form of a vaccine passport.

These days, a vaccine passport tends to be a digital app capable of pulling up and storing a traveler's health records and generating a QR code to show authorities at venue entrances and beyond.

There are several platforms out there, and which one travelers need will likely depend on where they want to go and how they plan to get there. App companies have also partnered with everything from airlines to cities to restaurants and sports arenas , and each has its own way of storing personal information.

Below, we break down the different vaccine passports available and what travelers need to know about each one.

Clear Health Pass

Clear, known for using biometrics to help people breeze through airport security , has developed a health pass app that will store lab results, health surveys, and, eventually, vaccine certificates.

The app has access to more than 30,000 labs, which are used to pull up a user's records. Users then take an in-app selfie to verify their identity. Health Pass is currently being used at several venues , including in restaurants owned by Danny Meyer.

The health pass is free, but users — 18 and older — must enroll in Clear to access it.

Clear said it never sells or rents user's data or personal information.

Find out more : Clear Health Pass

The CommonPass is a partnership between several groups, including The Commons Project and The World Economic Forum, and will be able to hold lab results as well as vaccination records and health declarations.

Users pull up their records inside the app, which is then accessed through "existing health data systems, national or local registries or personal digital health records." The app then generates a "yes" or "no" and a QR code if the person meets the entry criteria.

Underlying health information is not shown.

Several airlines and destinations, including United Airlines, Cathay Pacific , and Aruba, have partnered with the pass.

Find out more : CommonPass

Excelsior Pass

This New York-run pass is state specific, and allows people to pull up test or vaccination records from New York State sites. The pass generates a QR code that can be scanned from the app or printed on the Excelsior Pass website.

The Excelsior pass is not used for travel, but to access venues that require proof of vaccination or a negative test result, like sports games and concerts . PCR test results expire after three days, a vaccine card expires after six months, and antigen test results expire after 6 hours.

Built with IBM's Digital Health Pass solution , the digital platform does not share underlying medical and personal information, nor store or track private health data.

Find out more : Excelsior Pass

IATA Travel Pass

Developed by the International Air Transport Association, the IATA pass has become very popular with airlines. The pass allows labs to securely send test results or vaccination records to customers in the app and then verifies those results meet entry requirements with a QR code.

When it comes to security, IATA said "sensitive data is not stored on a centralized database."

A slew of airlines have signed up to trial the pass, including Qantas , Qatar Airways , Air New Zealand , Etihad Airways, and Emirates .

Find out more : IATA Travel Pass

United Travel Ready Center

This pass, unique to United Airlines flights, allows passengers to upload test or vaccination records to comply with specific requirements based on their booked trips. After they have done so, a United employee reviews them and clears them for check-in, allowing passengers to pull up a boarding pass before heading to the airport.

Travelers can also choose to book a test directly through the platform.

Find out more : United Travel Ready Center

This app has been adopted by several airlines, like American Airlines and British Airways , and allows passengers to pull up their negative test results. Currently, the app does not support vaccination records.

To use the app, people need to create an account and take a selfie. The app then walks users through a checklist of requirements and generates a QR code they can use at either a checkpoint kiosk or show to a checkpoint staff member.

In addition to storing health information, Denver International Airport used the app for several months to facilitate social distancing , allowing people to reserve 15-minute windows to pass through a dedicated VeriFLY lane for security screening. That program will end April 30, 2021.

Find out more : VeriFLY

Alison Fox is a contributing writer for Travel + Leisure. When she's not in New York City, she likes to spend her time at the beach or exploring new destinations and hopes to visit every country in the world. Follow her adventures on Instagram .

June 1, 2020

Due to travel restrictions, plans are only available with travel dates on or after

Due to travel restrictions, plans are only available with effective start dates on or after

Ukraine; Belarus; Moldova, Republic of; North Korea, Democratic People's Rep; Russia; Israel

This is a test environment. Please proceed to AllianzTravelInsurance.com and remove all bookmarks or references to this site.

Use this tool to calculate all purchases like ski-lift passes, show tickets, or even rental equipment.

What You Need to Know About Proof of Vaccination for Travel in 2023

Get a Quote

{{travelBanText}} {{travelBanDateFormatted}}.

{{annualTravelBanText}} {{travelBanDateFormatted}}.

If your trip involves multiple destinations, please enter the destination where you’ll be spending the most time. It is not required to list all destinations on your policy.

Age of Traveler

Ages: {{quote.travelers_ages}}

If you were referred by a travel agent, enter the ACCAM number provided by your agent.

Travel Dates

{{quote.travel_dates ? quote.travel_dates : "Departure - Return" | formatDates}}

Plan Start Date

{{quote.start_date ? quote.start_date : "Date"}}

Share this Page

• {{errorMsgSendSocialEmail}}

Your browser does not support iframes.

Popular Travel Insurance Plans

• Annual Travel Insurance
• Cruise Insurance
• Domestic Travel Insurance
• International Travel Insurance
• Rental Car Insurance

View all of our travel insurance products

Terms, conditions, and exclusions apply. Please see your plan for full details. Benefits/Coverage may vary by state, and sublimits may apply.

Insurance benefits underwritten by BCS Insurance Company (OH, Administrative Office: 2 Mid America Plaza, Suite 200, Oakbrook Terrace, IL 60181), rated “A” (Excellent) by A.M. Best Co., under BCS Form No. 52.201 series or 52.401 series, or Jefferson Insurance Company (NY, Administrative Office: 9950 Mayland Drive, Richmond, VA 23233), rated “A+” (Superior) by A.M. Best Co., under Jefferson Form No. 101-C series or 101-P series, depending on your state of residence and plan chosen. A+ (Superior) and A (Excellent) are the 2nd and 3rd highest, respectively, of A.M. Best's 13 Financial Strength Ratings. Plans only available to U.S. residents and may not be available in all jurisdictions. Allianz Global Assistance and Allianz Travel Insurance are marks of AGA Service Company dba Allianz Global Assistance or its affiliates. Allianz Travel Insurance products are distributed by Allianz Global Assistance, the licensed producer and administrator of these plans and an affiliate of Jefferson Insurance Company. The insured shall not receive any special benefit or advantage due to the affiliation between AGA Service Company and Jefferson Insurance Company. Plans include insurance benefits and assistance services. Any Non-Insurance Assistance services purchased are provided through AGA Service Company. Except as expressly provided under your plan, you are responsible for charges you incur from third parties. Contact AGA Service Company at  800-284-8300 or 9950 Mayland Drive, Richmond, VA 23233 or [email protected] .

Return To Log In

Your session has expired. We are redirecting you to our sign-in page.

What is a ‘vaccine passport’ and will you need one the next time you travel?

Vaccine passports - or an e-vaccination certificate - could be required. Image:  Photo by Daniel Schludi on Unsplash

.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo{-webkit-transition:all 0.15s ease-out;transition:all 0.15s ease-out;cursor:pointer;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;outline:none;color:inherit;}.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo:hover,.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo[data-hover]{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo:focus,.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo[data-focus]{box-shadow:0 0 0 3px rgba(168,203,251,0.5);} Gayle Markovitz

.chakra .wef-9dduvl{margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px;line-height:1.388;font-size:1.25rem;}@media screen and (min-width:56.5rem){.chakra .wef-9dduvl{font-size:1.125rem;}} Explore and monitor how .chakra .wef-15eoq1r{margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px;line-height:1.388;font-size:1.25rem;color:#F7DB5E;}@media screen and (min-width:56.5rem){.chakra .wef-15eoq1r{font-size:1.125rem;}} Global Health is affecting economies, industries and global issues

.chakra .wef-1nk5u5d{margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px;line-height:1.388;color:#2846F8;font-size:1.25rem;}@media screen and (min-width:56.5rem){.chakra .wef-1nk5u5d{font-size:1.125rem;}} Get involved with our crowdsourced digital platform to deliver impact at scale

Stay up to date:, davos agenda.

This article was updated on 5 May 2021.

• A “vaccine passport” or “e-vaccination certification of compliance for border crossing regulations” could be required to enable seamless border-crossing.
• Any framework that comes into place will need to be harmonized by a normative body – such as the WHO – to ensure that its use is ethical and fair.
• The European Union and other countries like Israel have already developed official standards.

The global vaccine rollout is underway with millions of vaccines purchased and administered. The vast majority of COVID-19 vaccines have so far gone to wealthy nations, however, with low income countries receiving only 0.2% of all shots given. As the world's largest vaccine producer , India's current crisis has sparked fresh fears for vaccine production.

But despite these challenges, there is growing hope that in time the world’s populations could become COVID-19 immune and there are promising signs that the vaccines are highly effective . Results from a study in Israel revealed this week that two doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine offers 95% efficacy against infection, hospitalization and death from COVID-19.

The expectation is that with a vaccine, some aspects of life will return to normal – especially when it comes to travel – which has been particularly hard-hit. This is where a “vaccine passport” or “e-vaccination certification of compliance for border crossing regulations” might become a required travel document, to enable seamless border-crossing and the harmonization of varying national laws.

A recent survey showed strong support for vaccine passports, with more than three-quarters of people worldwide thinking they should be mandatory for travel.

The European Commission has announced it intends to open up to foreign tourists this summer, and plans for a digital certificate for travel, which would cover anyone vaccinated against COVID-19 or those who have had a negative test or have recently recovered. Its proposed Digital Green Certificate will facilitate safe free movement inside the EU during the pandemic.

There are important questions to be asked, however, around whether vaccinations rule out the potential for transmission, the difference between evidence of inoculation and evidence of immunity, and the rights of those people who may be unable to have the vaccine for health or other reasons.

Have you read?

Vaccine nationalism – and how it could affect us all, denmark is developing a digital covid-19 'vaccine passport', most adults agree with vaccine passports for travel, survey shows.

With this in mind, the World Health Organization (WHO) has been looking into the use of technology in the COVID-19 response, and how it can work with member states toward an e-vaccination certificate. At the present time, it is WHO’s position that "national authorities and conveyance operators should not introduce requirements of proof of COVID-19 vaccination for international travel as a condition for departure or entry, given that there are still critical unknowns regarding the efficacy of vaccination in reducing transmission".

Importantly, the vaccine passport framework will need to be harmonized, when it comes to standards and the use cases for the certificate, by a normative body like the WHO to ensure that it upholds ethical and equitable principles.

There are also separate initiatives among the private sector, such as the Vaccine Credentials Initiative , which are feeding into this work by offering authentication tools.

Here, Arnaud Bernaert , Head of Shaping the Future of Health and Healthcare at the World Economic Forum, explains why the WHO’s framework must be the global standard and what are the use cases for sharing data around diagnostics and vaccines.

Is the idea of a vaccine passport entirely new?

The concept of a passport to allow for cross border travel is something that we’ve been working on with the Common Trust Network for many months. The focus has been first on diagnostics. That’s where we worked with an organization called “The Commons Project” to develop the “Common Trust Framework”. This is a set of registries of trusted data sources, a registry of labs accredited to run tests and a registry of up-to-date border crossing regulations.

The set of registries can be used to generate certificates of compliance to prevailing border-crossing regulations as defined by governments. There are different tools to generate the certificates, and the diversity of their authentication solutions and the way they protect data privacy is quite remarkable.

We at the Forum have no preference when it comes to who is running the certification algorithm, we simply want to promote a unique set of registries to avoid unnecessary replication efforts. This is where we support the Common Trust Framework.

For instance, the Common Pass is one authentication solution – but there are others, for example developed by Abbott, AOK, SICPA (Certus), IBM and others.

How does the vaccine passport system work and how could it be applied

The Common Trust Network, supported by the Forum, is combining the set of registries that are going to enrol all participating labs. Separately from that, it provides an up-to-date database of all prevailing border entry rules (which fluctuate and differ from country to country).

Combining these two datasets provides a QR code that border entry authorities can trust. Vaccine passport doesn’t reveal any personal health data – it tells you about compliance of results versus border entry requirements for a particular country. So, if your border control rules say that you need to take a test of a certain nature within 72 hours prior to arrival, the tool will confirm whether the traveller has taken that corresponding test in a trusted laboratory, and the test was indeed performed less than three days prior to landing.

The purpose is to create a common good that many authentication providers can use and to provide anyone, in a very agnostic fashion, with access to those registries.

What is the WHO’s role?

There is currently an effort at the WHO to create standards that would process data on the types of vaccinations, how these are channelled into health and healthcare systems registries, the use cases – beyond the management of vaccination campaigns – include border control but also possibly in the future access to stadia or large events. By establishing, in a truly ethical fashion, harmonized standards, we can avoid a scenario whereby you create two classes of citizens – those who have been vaccinated and those who have not.

So rather than building a set of rules that would be left to the interpretation of member states or private-sector operators like cruises, airlines or conveners of gatherings, we support the WHO’s effort to create a standard for member states for requesting vaccinations and how it would permit the various kinds of use cases.

It is important that we rely on the normative body (the WHO) to create the vaccine credential requirements. The Forum is involved in the WHO taskforce to reflect on those standards and think about how they would be used.

What about the private sector and separate initiatives?

When registry frameworks are being developed for authentication tools providers, they should at a minimum feed as experiments into the standardization efforts being driven by the WHO, knowing that the final guidance from the only normative body with an official UN mandate may in turn force those providers to revise their own frameworks. We certainly support this type of interaction, as public- and private-sector collaboration is key to overcoming the global challenge posed by COVID-19.

What more needs to be done to ensure equitable distribution of vaccines?

As the WHO has warned , vaccine nationalism – or a hoarding and “me-first” approach to vaccine deployment – risks leaving “the world’s poorest and most vulnerable at risk.”

COVAX, supported by the World Economic Forum, is coordinated by the World Health Organization in partnership with GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance; CEPI, the Centre for Epidemics Preparedness Innovations and others. So far, 190 economies have signed up.

The Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator ( ACT-Accelerator ) is another partnership, with universal access and equity at its core, that has been successfully promoting global collaboration to accelerate the development, production and equitable access to COVID-19 tests, treatments and vaccines. The World Economic Forum is a member of the ACT-Accelerator’s Facilitation Council (governing body).

Don't miss any update on this topic

Create a free account and access your personalized content collection with our latest publications and analyses.

License and Republishing

World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License, and in accordance with our Terms of Use.

The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum.

Related topics:

The agenda .chakra .wef-n7bacu{margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px;line-height:1.388;font-weight:400;} weekly.

A weekly update of the most important issues driving the global agenda

.chakra .wef-1dtnjt5{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;} More on Davos Agenda .chakra .wef-17xejub{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;justify-self:stretch;-webkit-align-self:stretch;-ms-flex-item-align:stretch;align-self:stretch;} .chakra .wef-nr1rr4{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;white-space:normal;vertical-align:middle;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:0.75rem;border-radius:0.25rem;font-weight:700;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;line-height:1.2;-webkit-letter-spacing:1.25px;-moz-letter-spacing:1.25px;-ms-letter-spacing:1.25px;letter-spacing:1.25px;background:none;padding:0px;color:#B3B3B3;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;}@media screen and (min-width:37.5rem){.chakra .wef-nr1rr4{font-size:0.875rem;}}@media screen and (min-width:56.5rem){.chakra .wef-nr1rr4{font-size:1rem;}} See all

Davos 2024 Opening Film

Building trust amid uncertainty – 3 risk experts on the state of the world in 2024

Andrea Willige

March 27, 2024

Why obesity is rising and how we can live healthy lives

Shyam Bishen

March 20, 2024

Global cooperation is stalling – but new trade pacts show collaboration is still possible. Here are 6 to know about

Simon Torkington

March 15, 2024

How messages of hope, diversity and representation are being used to inspire changemakers to act

Miranda Barker

March 7, 2024

AI, leadership, and the art of persuasion – Forum  podcasts you should hear this month

Robin Pomeroy

March 1, 2024

Cookies on GOV.UK

We use some essential cookies to make this website work.

We’d like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services.

We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services.

You have accepted additional cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time.

You have rejected additional cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time.

• Passports, travel and living abroad
• Travel abroad
• Foreign travel advice

Entry requirements

This information is for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government’s understanding of the current rules for the most common types of travel. 

The authorities in the US set and enforce entry rules. If you’re not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the US Embassy or a consulate in the UK .

COVID-19 rules

There are no COVID-19 testing or vaccination requirements for travellers entering the US.

Passport validity requirements

To enter the US, your passport must be valid for the length of your planned stay.

If you’re travelling through another country on your way to or from the US, check the entry requirements for that country. Many countries will only allow entry if you have at least 6 months validity remaining on your passport. 

Dual nationals  

US law requires US citizens to enter and exit the US using a US passport. Contact the US Embassy or a consulate in the UK for more information.

Visa requirements

To enter or transit through the US, you must have either an  Electronic System for Travel Authorisation ( ESTA ) visa waiver  or a visa .

The US State Department has more information on visas .

Applying for an ESTA visa waiver 

Apply for an ESTA visa waiver through US Customs and Border Protection. You can also apply using the ESTA Mobile app .

You cannot apply for an ESTA visa waiver if you have:

• been arrested (even if the arrest did not result in a criminal conviction)
• a criminal record
• been refused admission into, or have been deported from the US
• previously overstayed under an ESTA visa waiver

You cannot normally apply for an ESTA visa waiver if you were in the following countries on or after March 2011: 

• North Korea

You cannot apply for an ESTA visa waiver if you travelled to or were in Cuba on or after 12 January 2021. 

If you are not eligible for an ESTA , you must instead apply for a US visa.

Applying for a visa

The US Embassy in London has information on how to apply for a visa .

US visa appointments

Visa appointments at the US Embassy in London are limited. Plan your application as far ahead as possible before travel. If you need to travel urgently, you can request an expedited interview through the US Embassy’s appointment service provider.

The US Embassy has more information on visa appointments .

Children and young people

Anyone aged 17 and under must:

• have a valid visa or ESTA visa waiver on arrival
• be able to provide evidence about the purpose, location and length of their visit if asked by immigration officials
• have written consent from one or both parents if travelling alone, with only one parent, or with someone who is not a parent or legal guardian

The US authorities can stop you entering the country if they have safeguarding concerns about a child. If this happens, the US authorities will take the child into their care, and their return from the US could take months. The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office ( FCDO ) cannot speed up the return of British nationals aged 17 and under from the US.

The US government has information about children travelling to the US . If you have questions, contact the US Embassy in the UK .

Vaccine requirements

For details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro’s US guide .

Customs rules 

There are strict rules about goods you can take into or out of the US . You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

Global Entry programme

The US Customs and Border Protection programme Global Entry allows pre-approved travellers through border control faster at some US airports. If you’re a British citizen, you can  register to get a UK background check . If you pass the background checks, you’ll be invited to apply for Global Entry.

Related content

Is this page useful.

• Yes this page is useful
• No this page is not useful

Help us improve GOV.UK

Don’t include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details.

To help us improve GOV.UK, we’d like to know more about your visit today. We’ll send you a link to a feedback form. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. Don’t worry we won’t send you spam or share your email address with anyone.

• New Hampshire
• North Carolina
• Pennsylvania
• West Virginia
• Online hoaxes
• Coronavirus
• Health Care
• Immigration
• Environment
• Foreign Policy
• Kamala Harris
• Donald Trump
• Mitch McConnell
• Hakeem Jeffries
• Ron DeSantis
• Tucker Carlson
• Sean Hannity
• Rachel Maddow
• PolitiFact Videos
• 2024 Elections
• Mostly True
• Mostly False
• Pants on Fire
• Biden Promise Tracker
• Trump-O-Meter
• Latest Promises
• Our Process
• Who pays for PolitiFact?
• Advertise with Us
• Suggest a Fact-check
• Corrections and Updates
• Newsletters

Stand up for the facts!

Our only agenda is to publish the truth so you can be an informed participant in democracy. We need your help.

I would like to contribute

How vaccine passports might work in the us.

• Public Health

Travelers walk through the Salt Lake City International Airport on March 17, 2021, in Salt Lake City. (AP)

If Your Time is short

A vaccine passport is a record of someone’s vaccination history. Businesses in the U.S. are considering using digital certificates to verify whether customers have been vaccinated against COVID-19.

The Biden administration has not proposed requiring COVID-19 vaccination for all Americans. It also has not advocated for a nationwide vaccine passport.

Vaccine passports could be used to let people travel internationally, attend concerts or host large weddings in the coming months. However, experts say they could also contribute to discrimination and create privacy problems.

Americans who want to go to concerts, fly on certain airlines or attend weddings in the next few months may have to prove they’ve been vaccinated against COVID-19. That approach has recently become a target for online misinformation and political spin.

Fox News host Tucker Carlson called the idea of vaccine passports "Orwellian" and said it could worsen vaccine hesitancy. Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis said it’s "completely unacceptable" for the government or businesses to ask Americans for proof of vaccination. Other conservative politicians and pundits have criticized vaccine passports as "unconstitutional" and a "government overstep."

Many Facebook users go a step further.

"Why vaccine passports equal slavery forever," says the caption of a March 29 video with more than 42,000 views.

"Democrats want you to show a vaccine passport to go about your daily life," says a March 29 post in a group for supporters of former President Donald Trump.

"Americans may soon need a vaccine passport to travel but unvetted, undocumented and unvaccinated migrants are allowed to invade our southern border? Got it — only in Biden’s America," Fox Nation host Tomi Lahren said in a video published March 30. (The claim about an open border is False .)

Some of the rhetoric deviates from what’s in the works. The Biden administration has not proposed requiring vaccination against COVID-19, nor has it advocated for a nationwide vaccine passport. Instead, officials say they are working with private companies on more than a dozen vaccine passport initiatives.

As millions of Americans are vaccinated each day and states expand eligibility to everyone older than 16, you may be wondering what the concept and the controversy are all about. Here’s what you need to know.

A vaccine passport is a record of someone’s vaccination history. 

Americans who receive one of the three COVID-19 vaccines authorized for emergency use receive a card from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The card lists the vaccine that was used as well as the date and location where it was received.

Vaccine passports and digital certificates are similar. Some businesses — including arts and entertainment venues like Madison Square Garden in New York City — are using smartphone apps to confirm that customers have been vaccinated against COVID-19. Similar to a boarding pass, the apps present a QR code for businesses to confirm customers’ vaccination status.

People are administered COVID-19 vaccine on Feb. 11, 2021, at a vaccination center, at Gillette Stadium, in Foxborough, Mass. (AP)

"The idea is to give people a way to show they have been vaccinated whenever they are doing something that does in fact require evidence of immunization," said Sara Rosenbaum, a health law and policy professor at George Washington University. "The concept does not mean that the government is going to impose vaccination as a condition of anything. It is just a handy (likely apps) way of having evidence of immunization at the ready should you or your children need it."

The concept isn’t new. 

Vaccination records are required for certain jobs, school registration and travel abroad. The World Health Organization requires travelers to be inoculated against yellow fever, and some countries have additional vaccination requirements , such as for the poliovirus. Immigrants to the U.S. must be vaccinated against a slew of diseases.

In January, President Joe Biden signed an executive order directing federal agencies to assess the feasibility of linking COVID-19 vaccination status to International Certificates of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, which are administered by the WHO. Andy Slavitt, a senior adviser for the Biden administration’s COVID-19 response, said vaccine passports should be secure, free, available in multiple languages — and developed by private businesses.

"Unlike other parts of the world, the government here is not viewing its role as the place to create a passport, nor a place to hold the data of citizens," Slavitt said during a March 29 press briefing . "We view this as something that the private sector is doing and will do."

RELATED:  Ask PolitiFact: How can COVID vaccines be safe when they were developed so fast?

That’s different from countries like Israel, where state-sanctioned Green Pass lets fully vaccinated citizens sit inside at restaurants and attend events at stadiums and arenas. In the U.S., some states are pushing ahead with their own systems, such as New York’s Excelsior Pass , an app that lets people bypass the state’s restrictions on large in-person gatherings. 

Press secretary Jen Psaki said the Biden administration is working on creating guidance through the CDC.

"There are a couple key principles that we are working from," she said. "One is that there will be no centralized, universal federal vaccinations database and no federal mandate requiring everyone to obtain a single vaccination credential. Second, we want to encourage an open marketplace with a variety of private sector companies and nonprofit coalitions developing solutions. And third, we want to drive the market toward meeting public interest goals."

Vaccine passports could be your ticket to resuming some semblance of normalcy after the coronavirus pandemic.

"One way to think about vaccine passports is to consider them a get-out-of-jail card that allows people who have had vaccinations to return to pre-pandemic life while potentially protecting people who have not been vaccinated," said Dr. Seema Yasmin, director of the Stanford Health Communication Initiative.

In the U.S., private businesses are generally allowed to create rules for their customers. As the pandemic winds down, some businesses may want their customers to prove that they’re vaccinated against COVID-19. Legal experts have likened vaccine passports to a "no shirt, no shoes, no service" policy.

Airlines like Air France and American Airlines are testing platforms like the IATA Travel Pass, AOKpass and CommonPass to verify passengers’ vaccination or testing status.

Companies like TicketMaster are exploring the idea of letting vendors use vaccine passports to vet concertgoers.

New York already requires citizens to provide proof of vaccination or a negative COVID-19 test before attending weddings, and other states may soon follow .

"We hope that in the coming two to three months, all adults in the United States who choose to be vaccinated will be vaccinated," said Dr. William Moss, executive director of the International Vaccine Access Center at Johns Hopkins University. "Vaccine passports could permit large, indoor gatherings to take place safely before community transmission is reduced to very low levels."

For as much as they could do to support reopenings in the U.S., experts say vaccine passports could also contribute to discrimination and create privacy problems.

Vaccination data in the U.S. show that, in cases where race and ethnicity is known, nearly two-thirds of Americans who have received the coronavirus vaccine are white. White people have also received a "higher share of vaccinations compared to their share of cases and deaths," according to the Kaiser Family Foundation.

Implementing vaccine passports could exacerbate some of those divisions, experts say.

"In some states, those disparities of the number of white people vaccinated against the number of Black people vaccinated — that’s a huge chasm," Yasmin said. "Are you then comfortable saying that mostly white people can attend a concert and mostly Black people cannot?"

Then there are unknowns about the three vaccines used in the U.S., including how they affect the transmission of COVID-19 or how long that protection might last, Yasmin said. 

Vaccine passports could also pose a risk to sensitive health data. Israel’s Green Pass, for example, initially had a flaw that sent users’ health information to a private Gmail address whose password had been leaked.

"Although they could be paper-based, most work has been on developing digital vaccine passports that have special privacy challenges," Moss said. "And we also need to ensure that it is not simple to create fraudulent passports."

RELATED:  False vaccine claims persist on Facebook, despite a ban. Here’s why

Our Sources

BBC, " Joe Biden: Covid vaccination in US will not be mandatory ," Dec. 5, 2020

Bloomberg Businessweek, " A Vaccine Passport Is the New Golden Ticket as the World Reopens ," March 25, 2021

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, " Getting Your COVID-19 Vaccine " 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, " New Vaccination Criteria for U.S. Immigration "

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, " The Vaccination Records: Finding, Interpreting, and Recording "

CNN, " All 50 states now have expanded or will expand Covid vaccine eligibility to everyone 16 and up ," March 30, 2021

Email interview with Kristen Nordlund, a spokesperson for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, March 31, 2021

Email interview with Sara Rosenbaum, a health law and policy professor at George Washington University, March 31, 2021

Email interview with Dr. William Moss, executive director of the International Vaccine Access Center at Johns Hopkins University, March 31, 2021

Facebook post , March 8, 2021

Facebook post , March 29, 2021

Facebook video , March 30, 2021

Federal Register, " Promoting COVID-19 Safety in Domestic and International Travel ," Jan. 26, 2021

Food and Drug Administration, " COVID-19 Vaccines " 

Fox Business, " GOP lawmakers warn against vaccine passports ," March 29, 2021

Full Fact, " Ticketmaster won’t demand proof of a Covid-19 vaccine for concert entry ," Nov. 16, 2020

Haaretz, " Israel Rolls Out 'Green Passport' for Vaccinated. It's a Security Disaster ," March 2, 2021

Honolulu Civil Beat, " A Hawaii ‘Vaccine Passport’ Could Open Door To Weddings, Concerts And More Tourism ," March 22, 2021

Interview with Dr. Seema Yasmin, director of the Stanford Health Communication Initiative, March 31, 2021

Kaiser Family Foundation, " Latest Data on COVID-19 Vaccinations Race/Ethnicity ," accessed March 31, 2021

Mediaite, " Tucker Carlson Blasts ‘Orwellian’ Covid Vaccine Passport Idea Because it Will Fuel Bill Gates Conspiracy Theorists ," March 30, 2021

New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo, " Governor Cuomo Announces Launch of Excelsior Pass to Help Fast-Track Reopening of Businesses and Entertainment Venues Statewide ," March 26, 2021

New York state, " Excelsior Pass for Business "

The New York Times, " Israel reopens to fully vaccinated ‘Green Pass’ holders — nearly half of the population. " March 7, 2021

NPR, " How Is The COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign Going In Your State? " March 31, 2021

NPR, " Florida Gov. DeSantis Rejects Vaccine Passports As 'Completely Unacceptable ,’" March 30, 2021

PolitiFact, " No, you don’t need a WHO vaccination certificate to travel internationally ," March 22, 2021

University of California-Riverside, " This is the dawning of the age of the vaccine passport ," March 24, 2021

USA Today, " New York launches nation's first 'vaccine passports.' Others are working on similar ideas, but many details must be worked out. " March 26, 2021

U.S. News and World Report, " What to Know About COVID-19 Vaccine Passports and Travel ," March 29, 2021

The Washington Post, "‘ Vaccine passports’ are on the way, but developing them won’t be easy ," March 28, 2021

The White House, " Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jen Psaki, March 29, 2021 ," March 29, 2021

The White House, " Press Briefing by White House COVID-19 Response Team and Public Health Officials ," March 29, 2021

World Health Organization, " International certificate of vaccination or prophylaxis "

World Health Organization, " List of countries, territories and areas: Vaccination requirements and recommendations for international travellers, including yellow fever and malaria " 

WVEC, " Can businesses require COVID-19 vaccine 'passport? '" March 30, 2021

Yale Medicine, " Comparing the COVID-19 Vaccines: How Are They Different? " March 29, 2021

Browse the Truth-O-Meter

More by daniel funke.

Worldwide: The New COVID-19 Vaccine Passport: Your Ticket To Travel?

As  COVID-19 rates fall worldwide , countries are beginning to ease health-related restrictions and reopen their borders. Simultaneously, they are introducing "vaccine passports" to give individuals more freedom and flexibility to travel, provided they have been fully vaccinated or can prove full recovery from COVID-19.

Vaccine passports have historically been used to demonstrate vaccination against certain illnesses such as cholera, rubella and measles. In 2021, travelers can use vaccine passports to demonstrate vaccination against COVID-19.

Although some consider COVID-19 vaccine passports to be a ticket to freedom for international travel, many questions remain about their scope and application.

What is a COVID-19 vaccine passport?

COVID-19 vaccine passports are essentially health cards issued by participating countries. They are supported by governments, nonprofits, industry groups and airlines. Many are digital, but some countries may issue vaccine passports in paper form. A  vaccine passport  certifies that an individual has either received a full dose of COVID-19 vaccinations or has recovered from infection. 

Are vaccine passports mandatory?

COVID-19 vaccine passports are not currently mandatory. However, they can make travel easier for people who are planning a trip outside of their home country. Additionally, travelers should note that countries they plan to visit may still have COVID-19 entry restrictions or requirements in place. Therefore, it's recommended to check for existing restrictions prior to travel. 

Is travel permitted for people who have not received a COVID-19 vaccine?

Since vaccine passports are not mandatory, international travel is still permitted for individuals who have not received a COVID-19 vaccine. Provided they meet all other entry requirements, people can still travel abroad. However, they may need to prove negative COVID-19 test results, recovery from the virus or abide by a country's quarantine requirements upon arrival.

What are the advantages of a vaccine passport?

According to Jana Shaw, MD, MPH, Professor of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University,  vaccine passports offer health and even economic benefits  for societies. The vaccine passports also provide qualified individuals with fewer restrictions when traveling abroad.

For instance, proof of vaccination can allow individuals to bypass regular COVID-19 requirements such as providing proof of a negative COVID-19 test or quarantining upon entry. 

What are the disadvantages of a vaccine passport?

Although many people have a  favorable opinion of COVID-19 vaccine passports , according to Forbes, they also  draw criticism  from others. Some individuals are concerned with the risk of data breaches from the vaccine passports, as they contain sensitive personal information.

Others are concerned that the vaccines create a disadvantage for individuals who choose to not become vaccinated or cannot otherwise receive a vaccine. Additionally, COVID-19 vaccines are not universally accessible around the world, which may put some prospective travelers at a disadvantage.

Do all countries use a vaccine passport?

At this point, vaccine passports are voluntary. Countries are not obligated to require vaccine passports, but many are adopting use of them as an easier and more convenient way of screening travelers upon arrival. Recently, the European Union (EU) officially adopted the use of a  COVID-19 travel pass .

The travel certificate takes effect on July 1, 2021. It is an EU-wide policy that allows citizens of an EU Member State to travel freely throughout the EU if they are fully vaccinated against COVID-19. The EU COVID-19 vaccine certificate is a digital certificate that will be issued individually by each Member State.

As  noted by the BBC , some countries are forming vaccine alliances to create reciprocal travel opportunities for citizens traveling between the two places. Israel, for instance, has a reciprocal travel agreement with Greece that permits fully vaccinated travelers from either country to travel to the other one. China also has a vaccine passport system for travelers. Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Switzerland are other countries that have announced plans to adopt a vaccine passport system for travel this summer.  

Are any countries opposed to using a vaccine passport?

While many countries have adopted the use of vaccine passports for international travel or are planning to do so in the near future, not all countries are on board with the plan. One is the U.S., which the Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF)  reports will not be using a vaccine passport  for travel in 2021.  

Originally published 29 June 2021

The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances.

  © Mondaq® Ltd 1994 - 2024. All Rights Reserved .

Login to Mondaq.com

Password Passwords are Case Sensitive

Forgot your password?

Why Register with Mondaq

Free, unlimited access to more than half a million articles (one-article limit removed) from the diverse perspectives of 5,000 leading law, accountancy and advisory firms

Articles tailored to your interests and optional alerts about important changes

Receive priority invitations to relevant webinars and events

You’ll only need to do it once, and readership information is just for authors and is never sold to third parties.

Your Organisation

We need this to enable us to match you with other users from the same organisation. It is also part of the information that we share to our content providers ("Contributors") who contribute Content for free for your use.

Will you need a COVID-19 'vaccine passport' to travel? Here's what they are and how they might work

Airlines and others in the travel industry are throwing their support behind so-called vaccine passports to boost pandemic-depressed travel, and authorities in  Europe could embrace the idea quickly enough for the peak summer vacation season.

Technology companies and travel-related trade groups are developing and testing various versions of the vaccine passports , also called health certificates or travel passes.

It is not clear, however, whether any of the passports under development will be accepted broadly around the world, and the result could be confusion among travelers and disappointment for the travel industry.

Here are some key questions about the health credentials.

'We got bored and wanted to go on a trip': Tales from a pandemic spring break in Cancun, Mexico

White House: Vaccine passports should be free, private and secure. But who will be issuing them?

What is a vaccine passport?

It is documentation that shows a traveler has been vaccinated against COVID-19 or recently tested negative for the virus that causes the disease.

The information is stored on a phone or other mobile device that the user shows to airline employees and border officers. The Biden administration and others want a paper version available, too.

Who is designing them?

The trade group for global airlines, the International Air Transport Association, is testing a version it calls Travel Pass. IBM is developing another, called a Digital Health Pass. There are several other private-sector initiatives.

Some countries are getting involved and using the passports beyond air travel.  Israel is using a new “green passport”  to ensure that only people who have been vaccinated or recovered from COVID-19 can attend public events such as concerts.  Denmark expects to launch a pass  that will let vaccinated people travel with fewer restrictions.

Why do travel companies want vaccine passports?

International air travel has collapsed during the pandemic as countries imposed restrictions such as quarantines or outright bans to curb the spread of the virus. Airlines are counting on vaccine passports to persuade governments to drop some of those restrictions.

“The significance of this to restarting international aviation cannot be overstated,” said Alexandre de Juniac, CEO of the airline trade group.

Operators of hotels that depend on international visitors are also eager to see the passes adopted.

The airline trade group tested its app last week on a Singapore Airlines flight to London. A passenger put a digital version of his passport, coronavirus test results and travel restrictions at his destination on a mobile device.

Where would vaccine passports be required?

Vaccine passports would be most common on international flights. Some countries already require proof of vaccination for diseases such as yellow fever, and the United States now requires a negative coronavirus test to enter the country, so a digital health passport isn’t much of a leap.

What are the risks of a vaccine passport program?

The available COVID-19 vaccines are most effective at preventing serious illness, but that doesn’t rule out the possibility that vaccinated travelers could still spread the virus.

“I think we have enough evidence right now to say that these vaccines cut transmission, that vaccinated people are much less likely to transmit the disease,” says Ashish Jha, dean of the public health school at Brown University. “How much? We don’t know.” He estimates it’s about 80%.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention still recommends against travel even as the agency has relaxed other guidelines for people who have been vaccinated.

New CDC guidelines for vaccinated people:  Agency still advises against travel

Would a vaccine passport program be fair?

Some critics say travel certificates would primarily benefit people in wealthier countries and relatively affluent people within each country – those who are mostly likely to be vaccinated quickly and most likely to have smartphones.

“It’s going to be the wealthy, the privileged, who are going to get to fly around, and other people won’t have access to that,” says Lisa Eckenwiler, who teaches health ethics at George Mason University. She sees a particular potential for unfairness if health passes expand to workplaces and schools.

Are vaccine passports at risk for a data breach?

Consumers will be nervous about sharing health information that might get hacked or exposed in a breach, says Stephen Beck of management consultancy cg42.

“When it comes down to it, people are going to ask themselves: Is sharing sensitive information worth the trade-off for a leisure trip?” he says. “And for many, the answer will be no.”

IATA and IBM say that their passes use blockchain technology and that the information wouldn't be stored in a central place.

What role will the U.S. government play?

Airline and business groups are lobbying the White House  to take the lead in setting standards for health passes. They believe that would avoid a hodgepodge of regional credentials that could cause confusion among travelers and prevent any single health certificate from being widely accepted.

But the Biden administration says it is up to the private sector and nonprofits to figure out how Americans can demonstrate they have been vaccinated or tested.

“It’s not the role of the government to hold that data and to do that,” said Andy Slavitt, a White House virus-response adviser. “It needs to be private, the data should be secure, the access to it should be free, it should be available both digitally and in paper and in multiple languages.”

In depth:   Airlines ask White House to develop standardized COVID-19 travel 'passports'

Pandemic wanderlust:  100 places we're yearning to travel in 2021 and beyond

You are using an outdated browser. Upgrade your browser today or install Google Chrome Frame to better experience this site.

Need travel vaccines? Plan ahead.

International travel increases your chances of getting and spreading diseases that are rare or not found in United States. Find out which travel vaccines you may need to help you stay healthy on your trip.

Before Travel

Make sure you are up-to-date on all of your routine vaccines . Routine vaccinations protect you from infectious diseases such as measles that can spread quickly in groups of unvaccinated people. Many diseases prevented by routine vaccination are not common in the United States but are still common in other countries.

Check CDC’s destination pages for travel health information . Check CDC’s webpage for your destination to see what vaccines or medicines you may need and what diseases or health risks are a concern at your destination.

Make an appointment with your healthcare provider or a travel health specialist  that takes place at least one month before you leave. They can help you get destination-specific vaccines, medicines, and information. Discussing your health concerns, itinerary, and planned activities with your provider allows them to give more specific advice and recommendations.

Because some vaccines require multiple doses, it’s best to see your health care provider as soon as possible.

Medicines to prevent malaria are pills that you start to take before travel. Take recommended medicines as directed. If your health care provider prescribes medicine for you, take the medicine as directed before, during, and after travel. 

Where can I get travel vaccines?

You may be able to get some travel vaccines from your primary healthcare provider. If you or your healthcare provider need help finding a location that provides certain vaccines or medicines, visit CDC’s Find a Clinic page.

If yellow fever vaccine is recommended or required for your destination, you’ll need to go to a vaccine center authorized to give yellow fever vaccinations. Many yellow fever vaccine centers also provide other pre-travel health care services. Find an  authorized US yellow fever vaccine center .

Examples of Vaccines

Here is a list of possible vaccines that you may need to get for the first time or boosters before you travel.

• Cholera 
• Flu (Influenza)
• Hepatitis A   
• Hepatitis B   
• Japanese encephalitis   
• MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
• Meningococcal   
• Pneumococcal   
• Polio   
• Rabies   
• Tdap (Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis)
• Typhoid   
• Yellow fever

More Information

CDC Yellow Book: Travel Vaccine Summary Table

File Formats Help:

• Adobe PDF file
• Microsoft PowerPoint file
• Microsoft Word file
• Microsoft Excel file
• Audio/Video file
• Apple Quicktime file
• RealPlayer file
• Zip Archive file

Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy

• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
• Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
• You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.
• CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.

What is listeriosis? How can I avoid it?

April 10, 2024 by Lochlan DuVal Leave a Comment

You’re on vacation, having fun, eating all kinds of new foods, but, then, it happens. It starts with a headache that quickly becomes a fever, and, suddenly, your dream vacation has become the stuff nightmares are made of. That is what listeriosis can do.

Listeriosis is a serious infection usually caused by eating contaminated meat or produce. It usually only affects pregnant women, newborns, older adults and adults with weakened immune systems. It is possible, though unlikely, that someone without these risk factors could be seriously affected as well.

Symptoms are usually as simple as a fever and muscle aches combined with diarrhea or other forms of gastric distress. While for most individuals listeriosis is not that serious, for the groups listed above it can be very dangerous.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) outline a few key tips for how to avoid the disease and stay happy and healthy while at home or far, far away.

• Eat pasteurized cheeses and do not drink unpasteurized milk. Both of these food categories can be breeding grounds for listeria bacteria. Always be sure that the milk you purchase has been pasteurized and that cheese is marked as “MADE WITH PASTEURIZED MILK.” In some countries, it may be difficult to make this distinction, so you should avoid cheeses in this case and only drink evaporated milk, which should be safe.
• You should be fine eating any kind of well-cooked seafood. However, be careful with smoked seafood like salmon or tuna as listeria can potentially grow in these environments. If it is a canned or shelf-stable product, you should be fine, but, otherwise, be extremely careful.
• Scrub firm produce, such as melons and cucumbers, with a clean produce brush.
• Rinse raw produce, like fruit and vegetables under running tap water before eating, cutting or cooking.
• Dry the produce with a clean cloth or paper towel.
• Separate uncooked meats and poultry from vegetables, cooked foods, and ready-to-eat foods.

For more information on listeriosis or any similar maladies, especially when related to travel, feel free to contact a Passport Health travel health specialist. Call or book online to schedule your appointment today.

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

• Records Requests
• Passport Health App
• Privacy Center
• Online Store

MIT Technology Review

• Newsletters

What’s happening with covid vaccine apps in the US

The world is debating apps that prove you've been vaccinated. We're keeping track of what you really need to know.

• Bobbie Johnson archive page
• Adriana Fraser archive page
• Harini Barath archive page

• 7 US states have rolled out apps to let people show they have been vaccinated against covid.
• 22 have banned the systems to some degree, with several others debating a ban.
• Different outlook is largely split along political lines. 

A year ago, vaccines to tackle the covid pandemic still seemed like a far-off idea. Today, though, doses have been delivered to almost 40% of the world’s people—and some are being asked to prove they’re among them, leading to the rise of so-called vaccine passports . The details of these credentials vary from place to place, but at their heart they are the same: digital health records, stored on your phone, to use as proof that you are a low risk to others.

Supporters of digital vaccination credentials say the benefits are clear: they make congregating less risky while incentivizing vaccination. But critics see drawbacks and disadvantages. They say introducing restrictions infringes on civil liberties, unfairly punishes those who cannot get vaccinated (and discriminates against those who will not), unleashes another form of surveillance, and worsens inequalities rather than eradicating them. 

Faced with this divergence of views, governments are taking very different approaches. In Europe, for example, seven countries launched a “digital green certificate” at the beginning of June , with another 21 nations due to join shortly. But some places are taking the opposite stance, strictly limiting the use of such documents or even banning their development altogether .

Along with these debates, there is still basic confusion about how systems would be used. Some, like the EU’s app, are for traveling between nations. Others, like New York State’s, are for getting into everyday places like restaurants and events. The term “passport” itself is becoming more ambiguous and more politically loaded: when California governor Gavin Newsom announced the launch of his state’s digital certificate, he specifically stated , “It’s not a passport; it’s not a requirement.”

We looked at the status of digital vaccine systems in all 50 states

President Joe Biden has already said there won’t be a national app, leaving the choice to states. Some states have banned the apps outright as examples of government overreach. Often the debate over the technology seems like a proxy for a larger question: Should governments and businesses be allowed to require vaccination for covid?

A few key takeaways:

• Most states have addressed the technology in some way, either in legislation or in comments from a lawmaker, a public health official, or the governor.
• 7 states have active vaccine certification apps, rising from 4 at our last count.
• 22 states have banned the systems to some degree, typically through executive orders. Most, though not all, of these states are Republican-led. 

Each state is listed on the map according to the current legal status of vaccine apps at the time of publication. "Active" indicates that a state has created and released a digital system for showing that you have been vaccinated against covid. It does not mean that presenting vaccination credentials is mandatory state-wide, although there may be such requirements on a local level.

• Alabama : Governor Kay Ivey signed legislation on May 24 to ban digital vaccine credentials. The Alabama House of Representatives voted 76-16 to approve the bill. (Source: AP News )
• Alaska : Governor Mike Dunleavy issued Administrative Order No. 321 on April 26 stating that the state of Alaska will not require vaccine certification in order to travel to, or around, Alaska. (Source: Alaska State Website )
• Arizona : A bill passed on June 30 says employees cannot be required to get vaccinated if they have “sincerely held religious beliefs, practices or observances that prevent them from getting the covid-19 vaccine.” But exceptions can be made, and health-care institutions can require employees to be vaccinated. (Source: NASHP )
• Arkansas : On April 20, Governor Asa Hutchinson signed a law that prevents state and local governments from requiring covid-19 vaccine or proof of vaccination in order to access services. The state’s majority-Republican Senate voted 23-8 to ban digital vaccine credentials. (Source: ABC Little Rock )
• California : As of June 11, California offers a Digital Covid-19 Vaccination Record , and effective September 20, vaccine proof for 1,000+-person events will be required. (Source: NBC LA ) Workers in schools and state and local governments need to be vaccinated by October 15 or take weekly tests. (Source: State Governor’s website ). San Francisco now requires vaccine proof for many indoor leisure spaces , and Los Angeles could follow suit. (Source: NPR )
• Colorado : While presenting vaccine credentials is not required, residents can create a digital record of their vaccine cards on a state app. (Source: Denver Post ) On July 30, Governor Jared Polis announced that unvaccinated state employees have to wear masks at work and get tested twice a week (Source: AP News ), while Denver city employees and high-risk private workers will need vaccinations by September 30. (Source: AP News ) 
• Connecticut : There is no vaccine certification requirement, but in March Governor Ned Lamont said that vaccine passports could be introduced in Connecticut through the private sector (Source: CT Post ) An executive order signed on August 6 mandates that all employees of long-term care facilities receive at least one dose by September 7. (Source: AP News )
• Delaware : No plans to establish a digital system. Governor John Carney is considering a targeted approach that would aim vaccine mandates at high-risk groups. Verification of vaccination status remains a hurdle, the governor says. (Source: Delaware Public Media )
• Florida : Governor Ron DeSantis signed Senate Bill 2006 on April 2, effectively banning vaccine certification, blocking any business or government entity from requiring proof of covid-19 vaccination (Source: FL Governor website )
• Georgia : Governor Brian Kemp issued an executive order on May 25 prohibiting vaccine proof in state government: No vaccine passport shall be required for entry into the state of Georgia. State employers shall not have different rules for employees based on vaccination status, unless such rules are implemented using an honor code system and no proof of vaccination is required. (Source: GA Governor website )
• Hawaii : Travelers to or within Hawaii are required to upload proof of vaccination in the state’s Safe Travels program or vaccine records via several partners, including AZOVA , CLEAR , and CommonPass . State and county workers need to get vaccinated as of mid-August (Source: Hawaii News Now ), while college and university students are also required to show proof of vaccination or take weekly tests. (Source: Star Advertiser )
• Idaho : Governor Brad Little issued an executive order on April 7 banning the state government from requiring or issuing vaccine digital vaccine credentials. (Source: U.S. News/AP )
• Illinois : Public health commissioner Allison Arwady said that the “ Vax Pass ” will be required to attend concerts and other summer events. (Source: Illinois Policy ) On August 13, Chicago Public Schools announced vaccine mandates for all teachers and staff . (Source: Chicago Sun-Times )
• Indiana : HB 1405 , passed on April 22, bans the state or local governments from issuing or requiring vaccine certification. (Source: WFYI Indianapolis ) 
• Iowa : On May 20 Governor Kim Reynolds signed a law, House File 889 , that will withhold state grants and contracts from local governments or businesses that require customers to prove they have received a covid vaccine. The law also prevents state and local governments from including a person’s vaccination status on a government-issued identification card. (Source: Des Moines Register )
• Kansas : On May 7 lawmakers approved a proposal that includes a ban on vaccine certification, which has been signed into law by Governor Laura Kelly. The law “prohibits state agencies from issuing covid-19 vaccination passports to individuals without consent, or requiring vaccination passports within the state for any purpose.” (Source: NASHP )
• Kentucky : State Representative Brandon Reed has proposed a bill that would ban the government from enforcing vaccine requirements. (Source: The Times Tribune ) State workers need to get vaccinated or get tested twice a week starting October 1. (Source: Lexington Herald Leader )
• Louisiana : Vaccine certification is not required, but residents are able to show digital proof of vaccination via the LA Wallet mobile app, the state’s digital driver’s license app. (Source: AP News ) A citywide vaccine mandate is slated to soon require proof of vaccination or a recent negative test for entry into restaurants, bars, and other indoor venues in New Orleans. (Source: nola.com ) A statewide ban on vaccine mandates was proposed but vetoed by the governor.
• Maine : Officials are not planning on developing a statewide vaccine certification system. Residents are encouraged to use their CDC-issued immunization record card if vaccination proof is required for an activity or for travel. (Source: AP News )
• Maryland : Vaccine certification is not required currently but is not off the table. (Source: 11 News ) The biotechnical distribution company MyBioSource.Com surveyed 3,000 Marylanders, and overall, 63% of Marylanders believe vaccine passports should be used. (Source: CBS Baltimore )
• Massachusetts : Governor Charlie Baker said on April 8 that he is opposed to requiring proof of vaccination, but no ban has yet been passed. (Source: Boston Globe ) 
• Michigan : The state house of representatives passed a bill, HB 4667 , on June 2 to ban digital vaccine certification or any other system where individuals’ civil rights are diminished by vaccine status. (Source: U.S. News ) 
• Minnesota : The state senate passed bill S1589-2 in May, stating that “no person must be required to possess, wear, or display” any indicator “that the person received a negative or positive test result or possesses the antibodies for a communicable disease.” The Minnesota Department of Health has been prohibited from forcing  people to participate in covid testing, contact tracing, or digital contact tracing. (Source: Minnesota State Republican Caucus website )
• Mississippi : The state is currently not pursuing the use of a certification system. Governor Tate Reeves said in April that he doesn’t support vaccine passports. (Source: CNN ) House Bill 719 was introduced to ban vaccine mandates but failed to pass in April. (Source: Mississippi Clarion Ledger )
• Missouri : In June Governor Mike Parson approved provisions to House Bill HB271 , a bill that aims to ban vaccine certification systems. It prohibits local governments that receive public funds from requiring proof of vaccination for access to public transportation or other services. (Source: Springfield News Leader )
• Montana : Governor Greg Gianforte issued an executive order on April 13 prohibiting state-sponsored development and required use of vaccine proof. (Source: Montana State website ) 
• Nebraska : Governor Pete Ricketts issued a statement on March 13 saying that the state will not participate in the vaccine certification program. No update on statewide ban or legislation yet. (Source: Nebraska Government website )
• Nevada : Vaccine proof is not required within the state, but there is no active statewide ban on it. Senator Jacky Rosen said on May 4 that she does not support requiring vaccine passports for local events. (Source: Las Vegas Review-Journal ). Two counties, Elko and Lander, have passed resolutions to ban vaccine passports. (Source: The Nevada Independent )
• New Hampshire : Governor Chris Sununu signed the “medical freedom” immunization bill into law on July 25. The bill prohibits government agencies (including school districts) from mandating vaccines or requiring proof of vaccination for access to their buildings or services, although that may change if covid-19 vaccination is added to the state’s required immunizations list. Some exemptions apply. (Sources: AP News , New Hampshire Bulletin )
• New Jersey : Governor Phil Murphy said in April that he was open to the idea but that the state would follow federal guidance. (Source: Philadelphia Inquirer ) In July, the governor unveiled a phone app called Docket, which is a place to store a digital vaccine record but “is not a vaccine passport.” (Source: nj.com )
• New Mexico : The state has no plans to issue its own certification system or limit access to services based on vaccine status, but businesses are free to make their own decisions about whom to admit and serve. (Source: New Mexico Magazine ) 
• New York : The state has implemented a vaccine status system, the Excelsior Pass (Source: MIT Technology Review ), which is available for iPhone and Android in nearly a dozen languages.(Source: NY State website ) By September 13, New York City will require proof of covid-19 vaccination for indoor leisure activities. (Source: MIT Technology Review )
• North Carolina : The state house of representatives urged Governor Roy Cooper to reject attempts to create a vaccine proof system on April 21, with 65 Republican lawmakers sending a letter to oppose it. (Source: WCNC Charlotte ) 
• North Dakota : Lawmakers passed a limited ban on vaccine certification and amended the ban into HB1465 on April 29. The law bans state and local governments from requiring proof documents and prohibits business—with some exceptions—from requiring vaccination documents of customers and patrons for access, entry, or services. The legislature also passed a resolution, SCR4016 , urging Congress to refrain from passing a system for showing proof of vaccination. (Source: The Bismarck Tribune )
• Ohio : Governor Mike DeWine made a commitment that the state will not create or require vaccine certification, but he has left the issue of private-sector requirements up to individual businesses. Bill SB 111, which prohibits vaccine mandates, has passed but has not been signed into law by the governor. (Source: NASHP )
• Oklahoma : Governor Kevin Stitt issued an executive order on May 28 banning state agencies from requiring vaccinations as a condition of entry to public buildings. He also signed SB658, which prohibits schools from requiring covid vaccinations for K-12 students or implementing mask mandates that would apply only to unvaccinated students. (Source: The Oklahoman ) 
• Oregon : In early August, Governor Kate Brown issued new rules requiring health-care workers to get vaccinated or submit to regular testing. (Source: AP News ) The state will require all state employees to be vaccinated by October 18, including teachers and school staff. (Source: AP News ) Brown also announced a strict new statewide mask mandate that even applies outdoors. (Source: AP News )
• Pennsylvania : On July 1, Governor Tom Wolf vetoed Senate Bill 618, which sought to ban vaccine certification and limit future actions during health emergencies. (Source: PA Governor )
• Rhode Island : Governor Dan McKee said on May 18 that he was leaving it to business owners and employers to decide mask-wearing and vaccination rules for themselves. (Source: The Providence Journal ) But in August he announced that health-care workers at state facilities must get vaccinated before October 1 or get tested regularly. (Source: Boston Globe ) City workers in Providence will face the same measures starting in October. (Source: WPRI )
• South Carolina : Governor Henry McMaster issued an executive order on May 11 that prevents local governments and schools from creating mask mandates. The order also bans local governments, state agencies, and state employees from requiring vaccine credentials. (Source: WebMD )
• South Dakota : Governor Kristi Noem issued an executive order on April 21 banning the development or use of vaccine proof systems. (Source AP News )
• Tennessee : The state senate passed a ban on vaccine passports with SB0858 on April 14; Governor Bill Lee said in April on Twitter that he “opposes vaccine passports,” adding: “The covid-19 vaccine should be a personal health choice, not a government requirement.” (Source: The Hill )
• Texas : On June 7 Governor Greg Abbot signed bill SB968 , which bans businesses from requiring proof of vaccination; vaccine proofs are prohibited in the state. (Source: Texas Tribune ) Local vaccine mandates are also banned via executive order. (Source: NPR ) 
• Utah : A law passed in April, HB308 , blocks the state government from requiring people to get vaccinated. (Source: Salt Lake Tribune ) Governor Spencer Cox confirmed that vaccine certification will not be used in the state. (Source: CBS Local KUTV )
• Vermont : The state house of representatives introduced a bill, H452 , to ban vaccine proof systems on May 20, but the bill did not advance. (Source: Vermont Daily Chronicle ) In a recent announcement, Governor Phil Scott instituted a vaccine requirement for staff at some state facilities. Unvaccinated workers at these facilities will have to submit to regular testing. (Source: VPR )
• Virginia : Governor Ralph Northam has not ruled out proof of vaccination as a condition for entry into certain places—but in May he said his administration has no plans to use such policies in the state. (Source: Wavy.Com )
• Washington : Although a senator introduced a ban in April (which has not passed), Governor Jay Inslee announced new vaccine mandates for state and health-care workers, who will be required to show vaccine proof by October 18. (Source: AP News ) Amid a spike in cases, the requirements expanded to include teachers and school staff, including those at state colleges and universities. (Source: AP News )
• West Virginia : No requirements, but Governor Jim Justice has not prohibited proof-of-vaccination requirements at any level of government. (Source: Ballotpedia )  
• Wisconsin : A series of bills were introduced in April to ban vaccine proof systems in the state. (Source: CBS Milwaukee )
• Wyoming : Governor Mark Gordon issued a directive on May 7 preventing state agencies, boards, and commissions from requiring people to show vaccination status to access state spaces or get state services. (Source: Oil City News ) Representative Chuck Gray said on June 8 that he is drafting a bill to officially ban vaccine certification systems in the state. (Source: Oil City News )

What’s next

If you have information on how in your city, state, or country is using vaccine certification, or if you know of unusual uses of covid status apps, please help us keep our list up to date by emailing [email protected] . We will update as new information comes to light.

Keep Reading

Most popular, large language models can do jaw-dropping things. but nobody knows exactly why..

And that's a problem. Figuring it out is one of the biggest scientific puzzles of our time and a crucial step towards controlling more powerful future models.

• Will Douglas Heaven archive page

OpenAI teases an amazing new generative video model called Sora

The firm is sharing Sora with a small group of safety testers but the rest of us will have to wait to learn more.

The problem with plug-in hybrids? Their drivers.

Plug-in hybrids are often sold as a transition to EVs, but new data from Europe shows we’re still underestimating the emissions they produce.

• Casey Crownhart archive page

Google DeepMind’s new generative model makes Super Mario–like games from scratch

Genie learns how to control games by watching hours and hours of video. It could help train next-gen robots too.

Stay connected

Get the latest updates from mit technology review.

Discover special offers, top stories, upcoming events, and more.

Thank you for submitting your email!

It looks like something went wrong.

We’re having trouble saving your preferences. Try refreshing this page and updating them one more time. If you continue to get this message, reach out to us at [email protected] with a list of newsletters you’d like to receive.

• Election 2024
• Entertainment
• Newsletters
• Photography
• Personal Finance
• AP Investigations
• AP Buyline Personal Finance
• Press Releases
• Israel-Hamas War
• Russia-Ukraine War
• Global elections
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East
• Election Results
• Delegate Tracker
• AP & Elections
• March Madness
• AP Top 25 Poll
• Movie reviews
• Book reviews
• Personal finance
• Financial Markets
• Business Highlights
• Financial wellness
• Artificial Intelligence
• Social Media

As international travel grows, so does US use of technology. A look at how it’s used at airports

Piet De Staercke, from back right to left, with his wife Jill Bornauw, their eldest son Stan De Staercke, watch their youngest Tuur de Staercke, get screened by a Custom Border Protection officer, right, in the port of entry at Washington Dulles International Airport in Chantilly, Va. Monday, April 1, 2024. The Belgian family of four, used the Mobile Passport Control app, the newest technology in international travel, to ease their way to their port of entry. Within minutes they had bypassed a long line of people waiting at the airport’s passport control and were waiting for their luggage. (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta)

International travelers not using the Mobile Passport Control app, stop and use the portal to get their initial processing and instructions on their next procedure, in the port of entry at Washington Dulles International Airport in Chantilly, Va. Monday, April 1, 2024. A Mobile Passport Control app user can bypass this procedure and go straight to a Custom Border Protection officer for processing easing their way to the port of entry. (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta)

A Custom Border Protection officer, right, puts his thumb up as Tuur de Staercke, left, gets screened in the port of entry as his family watches at Washington Dulles International Airport in Chantilly, Va. Monday, April 1, 2024. The Belgian family of four, used the Mobile Passport Control app, the newest technology in international travel, to ease their way to their port of entry. Within minutes they had bypassed a long line of people waiting at the airport’s passport control and were waiting for their luggage. (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta)

International travelers go down the escalator to get processed at the port of entry at Washington Dulles International Airport in Chantilly, Va. Monday, April 1, 2024. (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta)

• Copy Link copied

WASHINGTON (AP) — The Belgian family of four was on their fourth trip to the United States. They had been dreading the long line at passport control when they entered the country but had heard about a new app they could use to ease their way and decided to give it a shot. Within minutes, they had bypassed the long line at Washington Dulles International Airport and were waiting for their luggage.

“It was always a long row,” said Piet De Staercke of the line to go through passport screening. He, his wife and two sons were visiting Washington and Chicago. “We were a bit scared. But now with the app, it’s amazing.”

As travel continues to boom following coronavirus pandemic-related slumps, U.S. Customs and Border Protection is expanding the use of technology like the Mobile Passport Control app the De Staercke family used in an effort to process the ever-growing number of passengers traveling internationally. And with events like a rare solar eclipse , the Olympics in Paris, and summer holidays still driving international travel, those numbers don’t look set to drop anytime soon.

Customs and Border Protection officials gave The Associated Press a behind-the-scenes look at some of the technologies they’ve been using and what to expect in the months and years ahead.

THE NUMBERS

During fiscal year 2023, the agency processed over 394 million travelers at the ports of entry. That’s a 24% increase over the previous year. When looking at the country’s top 20 airports by passenger volume, officers processed 31% more travelers while average wait times increased 11%. And at some of the busiest airports, the wait times have had negligible increases or even decreased. At JFK Airport in New York, for example, wait times went down — by 0.4 of a second on average — while CBP officers processed 33% more travelers.

Increasingly, people are traveling internationally with their families rather than going abroad alone for business.

Officials are moving more toward app-based technologies to speed passengers’ movement through the airport. The Mobile Passport Control app used by the Belgian family is one example. It’s available to U.S. citizens, but also to lawful permanent residents, certain Canadians and travelers from countries who are part of the Visa Waiver Program who’ve already been to the U.S. at least once.

Passengers upload their photos and information to the app. When they enter the screening area, they get routed to a separate line. The officer then just needs to take a photo of one member of the family and it pulls up the entire group’s photos and their information.

CBP launched the app in 2021 but is now trying to get more people to use it, including by working with airlines to allow the app to be downloaded while the plane is in flight and putting up signs at airports to let travelers know about it. Last year, a record 4.1 million people came into the country using the app.

“Any second that we can save through the process, it saves time because it adds up eventually,” said Marc Calixte, the top CBP official at Dulles.

Last September, the agency also created an app specifically for passengers who use Global Entry. That’s one of the “Trusted Traveler” programs CBP runs that allows certain low-risk passengers who make an appointment for an interview and submit to a background check to travel through customs and passport control more quickly when they arrive in the U.S.

IMPROVEMENTS TO GLOBAL ENTRY

Last year saw a record 3.2 million people apply to the Global Entry program, and this year the agency is on track to field about 4 million applications, said Brendan Blackmer, CBP branch chief for the Trusted Traveler Programs. But passengers have complained about how long it can take to get applications processed and their struggles to get appointments. On its website, CBP says it averages four to six months to process applications. In February, 17 members of Congress wrote to CBP demanding information, saying they were fielding complaints from constituents over the wait times.

Blackmer said the agency has pushed to improve the process, including by allowing nearly 100% of people renewing their status to do so without having to come into an enrollment center. That frees up appointments for first-time applicants. And it’s pushing for more people to be able to complete the process while they’re in the airport, either leaving or returning from a trip.

There are also more appointments available, Blackmer said, although some cities like San Francisco are still seeing so much demand that appointments can take more than 90 days to get.

“We’ve done a lot of work the past year and a half, and the agency’s in a better position now and able to meet the demand for the program. And we’re going to continue to work,” Blackmer said.

FEE INCREASES

Come Oct. 1, people using some of the Trusted Traveler Programs will see increases to the fees they pay. The cost of NEXUS, a U.S.-Canadian program designed to ease travel between the two countries for pre-approved travelers, will go from $50 to $120. Global Entry will go from $100 to $120. SENTRI, for pre-approved travelers on the southern border with Mexico, will go down, from $122.50 to $120.

But the fees will now cover all kids under 18 regardless of which program you’re in.

What’s unchanged is that approval for the programs will still be good for five years.

WHAT’S NEXT?

Calixte said possibly by the end of summer the airport will be opening so-called E-Gates where passengers using Global Entry can use the app, bypass an officer at a booth, and instead go to a gate where their photo is taken and matched to their passport, and, assuming no red flags arise, the gates open and they pass out of the customs and passport control area and are on their way.

Further on the horizon, Blackmer said the agency is exploring a concept called smart queuing, where the app assigns passengers to certain lines depending on information they have entered into the app, such as whether they have goods to declare.

Follow the AP’s coverage of travel at https://apnews.com/hub/travel .

An official website of the United States government

Here’s how you know

Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( Lock A locked padlock ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

• National Media Release

CBP Enhances Traveler Experience By Expanding Mobile Passport Control to All Preclearance Airport Locations

WASHINGTON— U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) announced today that Abu Dhabi is the latest Preclearance location to allow U.S. citizens and select non-U.S. travelers to use the Mobile Passport Control (MPC) mobile application to clear the CBP inspection process before boarding U.S.-bound flights.

The addition of Abu Dhabi makes MPC available at all 14 Preclearance airport locations under CBP’s International Field Office, including Aruba; Bermuda; Dublin and Shannon, Ireland; Nassau, Bahamas; and Calgary, Edmonton, Halifax, Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, Vancouver, and Winnipeg, Canada.  

“CBP is committed to the facilitation of travel and tourism to the United States,” said CBP International Operations and Advisory Directorate Executive Director Donald Conroy. “Mobile Passport Control is an important step in enhancing travelers’ arrival experience, and offers travelers additional options to expedite their entry into the U.S.”

The MPC mobile app is available to U.S. citizens, U.S. lawful permanent residents, Canadian B1/B2 citizen visitors, and returning Visa Waiver Program travelers with an approved Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) form. The app allows travelers to submit their passport and travel information in advance at designated locations with a mobile device, resulting in less congestion and more efficient processing.

The MPC mobile app can be downloaded for free from the  Google Play Store  or  Apple App Store . After downloading the app, users will be prompted to create a profile with their passport information any time prior to arriving in a CBP facility. Up to 12 profiles can be created for family members and a single household can submit a single MPC transaction. Upon arrival at participating U.S. or Preclearance locations, travelers can take a selfie for every member of the traveling group and submit their information to CBP through the MPC app without completing a paper form. Once travelers arrive in the CBP clearance area, they should look for the designated MPC queue, and then present their passports or U.S. Lawful Permanent Resident cards to the CBP officer for processing.

With travel volumes surpassing pre-pandemic levels, CBP plays a critical role in facilitating trade and travel. The MPC program was originally launched in August 2014 and is currently available at 51 locations, including 33 U.S. international airports, 14 Preclearance airport locations, and four seaports of entry. In Fiscal Year 2023, MPC was used by more than 1.8 million travelers. For more information on MPC, including user eligibility, visit the CBP MPC website .

U.S. Customs and Border Protection is the unified border agency within the Department of Homeland Security charged with the comprehensive management, control, and protection of our nation’s borders, combining customs, immigration, border security, and agricultural protection at and between official ports of entry.

Fine-Tuned Finances

15 Countries Where You Can Travel Without a Passport

Posted: February 15, 2024 | Last updated: February 15, 2024

For American citizens traveling internationally, possessing a passport is generally a requirement to enter another country. However, exceptions exist for certain independent countries and US territories operating somewhat autonomously. Before planning visits to such places, it is essential to thoroughly research entry requirements. Some locations may necessitate an enhanced ID or proof of specific vaccinations. While a passport is a typical prerequisite, understanding and adhering to particular entry conditions for each destination is crucial for a smooth and compliant travel experience. So don’t grab your passport, because you won’t need it, and check these 15 countries you can travel to passport-free.

Northern Marianas Islands

The Northern Mariana Islands form a US commonwealth in the Pacific Ocean. This island region boasts diverse attractions such as mountains, sandy beaches, coral reefs, and significant WWII battle sites. The unique blend of natural wonders and historical landmarks makes the Northern Mariana Islands a destination of interest. Its affiliation as a US commonwealth offers a distinctive combination of scenic beauty and historical significance for those seeking a varied and engaging travel experience.

Thanks to the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative, entering Mexico, a beautiful and historic country to our south, is possible with an enhanced driver’s license or passport card, eliminating the need for a full passport. This streamlined process facilitates travel to Mexico, allowing individuals to use alternative identification documents for entry. Travelers must know these accepted alternatives to ensure a smooth experience when crossing the border into this culturally rich and picturesque neighboring country.

American Samoa

Comprising the US territory of American Samoa are seven South Pacific islands. The National Park of American Samoa offers exploration opportunities amid tropical landscapes, including beaches, reefs, and rainforests. As of 2022, entry requirements have become more stringent, but visiting without a passport is still possible under specific conditions. The US State Travel provides comprehensive reports on these conditions, guiding potential travelers through the necessary steps and considerations for exploring this unique and picturesque territory.

Canada, as the world’s second-largest country with the longest coastline, offers ample opportunities for exploration. While it’s possible to visit without a passport, specific conditions apply. Notably, air travel necessitates a passport. According to Statistics Canada , in July 2023, US residents made 3.1 million trips to Canada, marking a 42.8% increase from July 2022 (2.2 million) and reaching 86.6% of the trips taken during the same month in 2019. These statistics reflect a notable and steady rise in travel to Canada from the United States.

Turks and Caicos

The tropical archipelago of Turks and Caicos, located just southeast of the Bahamas, comprises forty low-lying coral islands. As a British territory, it is often hailed as an island paradise. This destination holds particular appeal for scuba divers, with its prized 12-mile barrier reef along the north shore of Provo, a gateway island. Grand Turk Island boasts an impressive underwater wall, often called the Grand Canyon of the Caribbean, characterized by a sudden drop-off in the ocean floor plunging to depths of 7,000 feet.

St. John Island

Experience the natural allure of the Caribbean Sea through the captivating St. John Island. This destination is a primary vacation spot in the archipelago, making it a top choice for those exploring the US Virgin Islands. Notably, it is one of the prominent locations where US citizens can visit without needing a passport or visa. The island’s significance is accentuated by Laurence Rockefeller’s 1956 contribution of 5,000 acres for a public park, now covering two-thirds of the emerald expanse of St. John.

US Virgin Islands

Being a US territory, entry to the US Virgin Islands doesn’t require a passport. Yet, the appropriate ID is necessary, so ensure you verify the requirements in advance. Once arrive, savor the experience of white-sand beaches, reefs, and rolling hills adorned with vibrant plant life. The combination of these natural features contributes to the appeal of the US Virgin Islands, offering visitors a chance to appreciate the beauty and diversity of this captivating Caribbean destination.

Entry to the US island territory in the Western Pacific, Guam, is possible for US citizens without a passport, given proof of citizenship or appropriate ID. Although once a pivotal site during WWII, Guam is now renowned for its villages, latte-stone pillars, and tropical beaches. The War in the Pacific National Historical Park provides an opportunity to connect with Guam’s historical past, allowing visitors to appreciate both its wartime significance and the natural beauty it offers today.

Bermuda, renowned for its pink-sand beaches, is a British territory with a culture blending American and British influences. As a popular destination for cruises and resorts, it attracts visitors. According to the Royal Gazette , the US remains Bermuda’s primary market, with 73 percent of air visitors arriving from America. This steady influx of visitors reflects the island’s enduring popularity among American travelers seeking a blend of natural beauty and a distinctive cultural experience.

The Bahamas

Situated in the North Atlantic’s West Indies, the Commonwealth of the Bahamas is an island country encompassing 97% of the Lucayan Archipelago’s land. The entire nation is classified as tropical despite certain parts being just above the Tropic of Cancer. Renowned for its popularity among vacationers and cruise enthusiasts, the Bahamas offers a sought-after destination with its picturesque islands, attracting those seeking the allure of tropical landscapes and the relaxation associated with this well-known and frequented region.

Haiti, an independent nation on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola alongside the Dominican Republic, faced devastation from a 2010 earthquake. Despite the challenges, many historic structures endured. Nevertheless, the US State Department strongly advises against travel to Haiti for American citizens. The caution stems from concerns about kidnapping, crime, civil unrest, and inadequate healthcare infrastructure. These multiple issues highlight the considerable risks associated with visiting Haiti, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing safety when considering travel to this region.

St. Thomas Island

St. Thomas Island holds prominence in the Virgin Islands hierarchy, enveloping the Water Island in its maritime embrace. Commonly known as the “Last Virgin,” it became the final island to join the US Virgin Islands in 1996. The ferry service, reminiscent of a cruise ship experience, seamlessly connects travelers from the shore to Water Island, with no fees imposed on US citizens. Upon arrival, the option to explore the island’s nearly 500 acres, teeming with marine life and resilient flora, is facilitated by golf trucks. While camping is not permitted, visitors can secure accommodation in advance through island estates, glamping, or paying guests.

An enhanced driver’s license or passport card is sufficient for entering Mexico. However, a passport becomes necessary if you plan to travel to Jamaica by plane. Interestingly, a passport is not required if you choose to visit by ship. Jamaica offers three cruise ship ports: Port Antonio, Ocho Rios, and Montego Bay, all providing access to bars, shopping, and beautiful beaches. Understanding the specific entry requirements for different modes of travel is crucial for a hassle-free experience in these destinations.

Puerto Rico

As a US territory, Puerto Rico stands out with a distinct atmosphere, different from any US state, attracting many travelers. The island’s diverse landscape is characterized by mountains, waterfalls, and rainforests. San Juan, the capital, offers a range of amenities, including hotels, beach bars, and casinos, contributing to its popularity as a travel destination. The unique blend of natural beauty and urban attractions makes Puerto Rico a sought-after location for those seeking a varied and appealing vacation experience.

St. Croix Island

St. Croix Island beckons with remarkable attractions despite being identified as the least visited among the Virgin Islands, as indicated by travel industry reports. Like other islands in the region, St. Croix allows travelers to see without needing passport formalities. Those seeking tranquility and serenity can immerse themselves in the local experience, spending time in traditional houses or thatch huts. This island stands out for its relatively low pollution levels compared to its counterparts, offering visitors a serene and peaceful environment.

“No Boomers Allowed”: 15 States Where Retirees Are NOT Welcome

If you’re planning a significant change during retirement, it’s crucial to think about the kind of home you desire and the aspects you should steer clear of. “If you’re thinking about making a big move in retirement, it’s important to consider what characteristics you want in your new home and which ones to avoid at all costs,” suggests experts. To assist you, we’ve compiled a catalog of the 15 least favorable states for retirement.

16 UNACCEPTABLE THINGS BOOMERS GOT AWAY WITH IN THEIR YOUTH THAT WOULD SPARK OUTRAGE TODAY

Looking back on the childhood of the boomer generation, it becomes evident that certain things once considered appropriate would never pass today’s standards. The cultural landscape has evolved significantly, leading us to recognize 16 aspects of their upbringing that would be deemed wholly unacceptable today. From unsupervised outdoor adventures to unfiltered television content, the boomer generation got away with various experiences that would undoubtedly raise eyebrows in today’s world. Let’s delve into these intriguing elements of their upbringing and reflect on how far society has come.

STUCK IN THE 60S: 10 THINGS BABY BOOMERS REFUSE TO LET GO OF

Memories of the “good old days” keep us trapped in the past. Baby boomers love to retell tales of how it was “in my day.” At the same time, millennials will tell them to get with the times. Being stuck in a time warp from which they don’t want to snap out of, here are things that baby boomers still think are fantastic. STUCK IN THE 60S: 10 THINGS BABY BOOMERS REFUSE TO LET GO OF

IT’S TIME TO LET GO: 30 OUTDATED BOOMER HOME TRENDS THAT DESPERATELY NEED TO BE SHOWN THE EXIT!

With the advances of social media, home trends, décor, and fads change faster than ever before. While some trends become instant classics, others can be redundant, unsensible, or just downright hideous. In a popular online forum, users shared the home fads they’re tired of seeing. We’ve compiled a list of these most disliked home décor fads, so grab a cup of coffee, and let’s look into these less-than-inspiring home design options!

BOOMERS FED UP: THE NEVER-ENDING SAGA OF MILLENNIAL BLAME FOR FINANCIAL FAILURES – ENOUGH IS ENOUGH!

Millennials look at their current economic situation with despair. The feeling amongst them is that the boomers are the cause of their woes. Boomers are considered to be a group of individuals who are self-serving, greedy, and short-sighted. But is this the case?

More for You

Warning for parents after Florida mom finds AirTag in son's sneaker

Vietnamese businesswoman sentenced to death in multi-billion dollar fraud case

K-Pop Singer-Songwriter Park Boram Found Dead at 30

NASA Solves Moon-Crossing Object Mystery

Ketanji Brown Jackson, Supreme Court Justice, Is Moving on From Her $2.5 Million Colonial-Style Home

Vladimir Putin says 'just three things' stop Ukraine war ending as he's 'ready for peace'

Ron DeSantis takes on Target, and Walmart, over retail theft

Gladiator 2 footage stuns CinemaCon with ‘ripped’ Paul Mescal and ‘sinister’ Joseph Quinn

Here’s How Long You Should Walk Every Day to Keep Your Heart Healthy

Guest-list style at the White House State Dinner

I Did a 25 Day Water Fast. I Lost 20lbs and My Skin Cleared Up

Travis Kelce graduates college with brother Jason

Space Rock Slammed Into Moon - The Explosion Was Seen From Japan

The Supreme Court May Throw Out Hundreds Of Jan. 6 Convictions

Putting money in bank accounts is 'the worst thing you can do' for taxes, says former Intuit CEO

Third South Dakota tribal nation bans Noem from reservation

Pizza chain raises prices in California to offset new minimum wage law

Surveillance footage captured dozens of missile interception over Israel-Lebanon border

4 Things You Should Never Cook in Cast Iron

78 Riddles for Adults That Will Test Your Smarts