cdl pre trip inspection test pdf

CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

Studying this Class-A CDL pre-trip inspection checklist is an important part of truck driver training. Before getting your Class-A CDL and finding an entry level truck driving job , most states will require students to pass a DOT (department of transportation) pre-trip inspection test and a general knowledge test .

Each company’s pre-trip inspection varies slightly. Most likely you will have to do the coupling system, light check and in-cab inspections plus one of the remaining three sections.

Pre Trip Inspection Checklist

Download free and print it! Printable Pre Trip Inspection Checklist (PDF)

There are many sections to learn but the test is not as difficult as it may seem. Studying our simplified Class-A pre-trip inspection checklist and taking classes at your local CDL training school will get you prepared.

Engine Compartment

Driver door fuel area, coupling area, light check, in-cab inspection and brake tests, belt driven alternator, belt driven water pump, brake chamber, brake lining, caste nuts and cotter pins, coolant reservoir, gear box and hoses, gear driven air compressor, gear driven power steering pump.

• General Hoses

Leaf Springs

Power steering fluid reservoir, shock absorber, slack adjuster and push rod, spring hanger, steering column, what to check for:.

When checking the engine compartment, you will always want to make sure the following components are properly mounted and secured. You should also make sure they are not cracked, bent or broken. The items you will need to check for include:

• Make sure all of the wires are connected. The belt should not be cracked or frayed and the free play on the belt should be between ½ to ¾ of an inch.
• The free play on the belt should be between ½ to ¾ of an inch. Also check all the hoses running to and from the water pump to make sure nothing is leaking.
• The brake chamber should not be leaking air.
• The brake drum should be properly mounted and secure.
• The brake hose is rubber, so it is important to make sure it is not leaking air.
• Check for oil or debris on the lining. There should be at least ¼ of an inch of friction material.
• Make sure all three caste nuts and cotter pins are present.
• The reservoir should not leaking and must be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• Make sure the drag link is properly mounted and secure, and not cracked, bent or broken.
• The gear box and hoses should have no abrasions, bulges or cuts, and should not be leaking.
• Although the air compressor is hard to see, you must make sure it is properly mounted and does not leak.
• The steering pump is located in the same place as the air compressor and is also gear driven. Ensure the steering pump is not leaking.

General Hoses (Passenger and Driver’s Side)

• The hoses should be secure at both ends. There should be no abrasions, bulges or cuts. Fluids run through these hoses, so it is important to make sure they are not leaking.
• The hub seal (or axle seal) should not be leaking and should be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• Make sure none of the leaf springs have shifted.
• Check for leaks under the truck.
• There should be no lug nuts missing. Look for rust trails, powder residue and cracks around the bolt holes.
• The oil level should be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• Make sure the pitman arm is properly mounted and secure. It should be not cracked, bent or broken.
• Make sure this reservoir is not leaking and filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• The rim cannot have any unauthorized welds.
• Make sure the shock absorber is not leaking. If it is leaking, the leak will be at the point where the top and bottom portion of the shock meet.
• With the brakes released and pulled by hand, the push rod should never move more than one inch.
• The spring hanger should be properly mounted and secure.
• Make sure the steering column is properly mounted and secure. It should not be cracked, bent or broken.
• Look for abrasions, bulges or cuts on the tread or sidewalls. Tread depth should have a depth no less than 4/32 of an inch. Tires must be properly filled to the manufacturer’s specifications. This can be checked with an air gauge.
• Make sure the tie rod is properly mounted and secure, not cracked, bent or broken.
• Make sure all are accounted for.

Back to top of Engine Compartment

Catwalk and Steps

Door and hinges, drive shaft, exhaust system, frame and cross members, spring mount.

Again it is important to make sure these items are properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends, and breaks.

• The actual airbag is rubber, so it is important to check for abrasions, bulges, cuts and leaks, in addition to any missing mounting bolts.
• The axle seal should not be leaking and should be filled to the manufacturer’s specifications.
• Make sure to mention the brake chamber is not leaking air.
• Make sure the brake drum is secured properly. Also look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• Check the brake hose at both ends to make sure it is not leaking air.
• There should be no oil or debris on the brake lining. There should be at least ¼ of an inch of friction material.
• The cat walk and steps should be clear of any loose objects.
• Physically demonstrate that the doors open, close and latch properly. Door seals should not be worn, torn or rotten.
• The drive shaft should not be twisted and the u-joints should be free of any debris.
• The tread and sidewalls should have no abrasions, bulges or cuts. The tread depth should be no less than 2/32 of an inch. Tires should be properly filled to the manufacturer’s specifications. This can be checked with an air gauge.
• The exhaust system should show no signs of leaks.
• There should be no unauthorized holes or welds. Bundle up the cross members to ensure none are missing.
• Fuel should not be leaking from the tank and the cap should always be on tight.
• Rust trails could indicate loose bolts, while powder residue and racks around the bolts could mean the bolts have been over-tightened.
• Mirrors should be clean for best visibility.
• Make sure the mud flap is secured properly. Also look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• Make sure to mention there should be never be any unauthorized welds.
• The shock absorber should be secure at both ends and not leaking. If it does leak, it will leak in the middle.
• With the brakes released and pulled by hand, the push rod should not move more than one inch.
• If you are equipped with duals, check to see there is proper spacing between the tires and there is nothing stuck.
• The spring arm should be secure at both ends.
• The spring mount should be secure at both ends.
• Make sure the torque arm is secured properly. Also look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• Make sure to check and mention that no U-bolts are missing.

Back to  top of Driver Door Fuel Area

Electric Line

Locking jaws, mounting bolts, release arm, sliding fifth wheel locking pin.

• Air lines should be secure at both ends with no abrasions, bulges or cuts. They should not be leaking, dragging or tangled.
• Make sure the apron is properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• Make sure there is enough space between the tractor mudflap and the trailer landing gear so that they don’t hit each other when making a turn.
• The electric line should be secure at both ends. There should be no abrasions, bulges, cuts or exposed wires.
• The gap is not an actual item, however there should be no space between the apron and the skid plate.
• The seals should be in good condition with no cracks, signs of rotting, or leaking air.
• Make sure the king pin is properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• You must physically check that the locking jaws is fully locked around the king pin.
• No mounting bolts should be missing.
• Make sure the platform is properly mounted and secure. Look for cracks, bends and breaks.
• The release arm should be in the fully locked position.
• The skid plate needs to be properly lubed.
• The pin must be in the fully locked position.

Back to top of Coupling Area

Header Board

Landing gear, rear door and hinges.

• Shock Absorbers

Tandem Frame and Release

Trailer tire.

• Again make sure the airbag has no abrasions, bulges, cuts or leakings. The airbag should not be missing any mounting bolts.
• The brake chamber should be properly mounted so that is does not leak air.
• The brake hose should be secure at both ends with no abrasions, bulges, cuts or leaks.
• Check for oil or debris on the brake lining. There should be at least ¼ of an inch of friction material.
• There cannot be any missing cross members.
• The header board cannot have any holes or missing rivets.
• The landing gear must be fully raised and the cradle handle secure.
• Rust trails indicate loose bolts. Powder residue and cracks around the bolt holes could be an indication of over-tightened bolts.
• The rims cannot have any unauthorized welds.
• The rear door should open, close and latch properly. Door seals should not be worn, torn or dry rotten.
• The shock absorber should be checked at both ends for leaks.
• When the brakes are released and pulled by hand, the push rod should not move more than one inch.
• Release handle and locking pins should be in the fully locked position.

There should be no abrasions, bulges or cuts to the tread or sidewalls. Tread depth should be no less than 2/32 of an inch. The tire should be properly filled to manufacturer’s specifications and checked with an air gauge.

• Front of the truck
• Both sides of the truck
• Rear of the truck
• Both sides of the trailer
• Rear of the trailer

Back to top of Trailer

The five functions are:

• Left turn signal
• Right turn signal
• Four way flashers
• High/low beams
• Brake lights

Back to top of Light Check

• Airbrake Test

Air Pressure Gauges

Emergency equipment, heater and defroster, lighting indicators, oil pressure gauge, parking brake, service brake check, water temperature gauge, windshield and mirrors, windshield wipers and washers.

The last section is In-Cab Inspection and Brake Tests. For the In-Cab Inspection you will once again want to make sure all of the following components are properly mounted and secure. As well as the following:

Air Brake Test

There are three stages to an air brake test:

• Applied Pressure Test – When doing the Applied Pressure Test, you will want to build the air pressure to governor cut out. Put the truck in the lowest gear, turn the engine off and immediately turn it back on. Push in the tractor and trailer valves which will then release the parking brakes. Push and hold the brake pedal, allowing the gauges to stabilize. When the gauges have stabilized, announce the Primary and Secondary PSI. Listen for air leaks while doing this.
• Warning Light and Buzzer – Pump down on the brake pedal until the warning light and buzzer comes on. This is typically at or before 60 PSI.
• Tractor/Trailer Protection Valve Pop Out – Pump down on the brake pedal until the tractor and trailer protection valves pop out, this will be between 20 and 40 PSI.
• The air pressure gauges should build to governor cut out.
• Your truck should have a fire extinguisher, three red reflective triangles and spare electrical fuses.
• Demonstrate both the heater and defroster are working properly.

Horns (Air Horn and City Horn)

• Blow both horns to make sure they are working.
• Check the left turn, right turn, four way flashers and high beams; also point these out on the dashboard.
• Make sure transmission is in neutral and then fully depress the clutch. Turn the key on, check the ABS light, announce when it comes on and off, and start the engine.
• The seat belt should not be ripped or frayed and should adjust and latch properly.
• The engine oil pressure gauge should rise to normal operating range.
• Trailer Parking Brakes – Set the trailer brake, release the tractor brake, then tug lightly on the trailer.
• Tractor Parking Brakes – Set the tractor brake, release the trailer brake and tug lightly on the trailer.
• Release both the tractor and trailer brakes. Drive at idle speed. Apply the service brake to make sure you come to a complete stop and that it doesn’t pull to the left or right when applying the brakes.
• The voltmeter should be charging between 13 and 14 volts.
• The water temperature gauge should also rise to normal operating range.
• The windshield and mirrors must be clean, with no obstructions and in proper adjustment.
• Demonstrate the wipers and washers are working properly by spraying the windshield.

Back to top of In-Cab Inspection and Brake Tests

During a CDL pre-trip inspection, truckers inspect many aspects of their commercial vehicle, including the overall safety of the vehicle; major hoses, fluid levels, and vehicle belts; the clutch or gear shift; and emergency equipment. The driver demonstrates their knowledge by walking around the vehicle, checking various safety components and explaining why each part should be checked for safety.

Reference and practice tests:

• Printable Pre Trip Inspection Checklist (PDF)
• CDL General Knowledge Practice Test
• Pre Trip Inspection Practice Test
• CDL HAZMAT Endorsement Practice Test

Edited for 2024 on  12/5/23

• Free Practice Tests

Commercial Driving

• Introduction

Getting a CDL

• Fees and costs

CDL Types & Permits

Endorsements & Restrictions

CDL Exam Preparation

Written exams

Practical exams

• Skills test
• Pre-trip inspection
• TSA background check
• Retake policy

CDL Maintenance

ELDT Training & Certification

CDL how-to guides

Mastering the CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Exam: A Complete Guide

Learn how to conduct thorough pre-trip inspections with our guide, a critical component for commercial vehicle safety.

Written by Andrei Zakhareuski. With over 16 years of expertise, Andrei leads Driving-Tests.org, a top online resource for driver education. His leadership has established vital partnerships with over 2,600 libraries, educational bodies, and state agencies.

The CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Exam is an integral part of obtaining your commercial driver’s license. This guide covers Class A and Class B pre-trip inspections, provides a checklist, and offers tips for memorizing the inspection process.

​ Start a free Pre-Trip Inspection practice test:

• Alabama - AL - Alabama Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Alaska - AK - Alaska Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Arizona - AZ - Arizona Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Arkansas - AR - Arkansas Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• California - CA - California Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Colorado - CO - Colorado Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Connecticut - CT - Connecticut Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Delaware - DE - Delaware Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• District of Columbia - DC - District of Columbia Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Florida - FL - Florida Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Georgia - GA - Georgia Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Hawaii - HI - Hawaii Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Idaho - ID - Idaho Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Illinois - IL - Illinois Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Indiana - IN - Indiana Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Iowa - IA - Iowa Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Kansas - KS - Kansas Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Kentucky - KY - Kentucky Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Louisiana - LA - Louisiana Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Maine - ME - Maine Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Maryland - MD - Maryland Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Massachusetts - MA - Massachusetts Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Michigan - MI - Michigan Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Minnesota - MN - Minnesota Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Mississippi - MS - Mississippi Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Missouri - MO - Missouri Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Montana - MT - Montana Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Nebraska - NE - Nebraska Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Nevada - NV - Nevada Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• New Hampshire - NH - New Hampshire Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• New Jersey - NJ - New Jersey Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• New Mexico - NM - New Mexico Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• New York - NY - New York Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• North Carolina - NC - North Carolina Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• North Dakota - ND - North Dakota Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Ohio - OH - Ohio Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Oklahoma - OK - Oklahoma Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Oregon - OR - Oregon Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Pennsylvania - PA - Pennsylvania Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Rhode Island - RI - Rhode Island Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• South Carolina - SC - South Carolina Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• South Dakota - SD - South Dakota Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Tennessee - TN - Tennessee Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Texas - TX - Texas Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Utah - UT - Utah Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Vermont - VT - Vermont Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Virginia - VA - Virginia Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Washington - WA - Washington Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• West Virginia - WV - West Virginia Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Wisconsin - WI - Wisconsin Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test
• Wyoming - WY - Wyoming Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test

​ CDL Class A Pre-Trip Inspection

Engine Compartment Inspection

Includes checking for leaks, belt tension, and the condition of hoses, among other components.

Cab Check/Engine Start

Involves inspecting the cab’s interior, gauges, and starting the engine to check for abnormalities.

Brake Check

Focuses on air brake systems, including air brake checks and the parking brake test.

​ CDL Class B Pre-Trip Inspection

Vehicle Overview

Begin with a general overview of the vehicle, checking for obvious signs of damage or issues.

External Inspection

Inspect all external components, including tires, lights, and mirrors.

Internal Inspection

Check all internal controls, ensuring everything is functional and within reach.

​ Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

• Lights and reflector s: Ensure all are clean and functional.
• Engine oil and coolant levels : Check for adequate levels.
• Steering mechanism : Ensure it’s secure and functioning.
• Horn : Test for functionality.
• Windshield wipers : Check for operability and condition.
• Mirror s: Adjust for optimal visibility.
• Emergency equipment : Ensure presence and accessibility.
• Air brake system : Test for leaks and proper pressure.

​ Tips for Memorizing the Pre-Trip Inspection for CDL

• Create a Routine : Develop a consistent order in which to conduct your inspection.
• Use Mnemonics : Create acronyms or phrases to help remember the steps.
• Practice Regularly : Hands-on practice is the most effective way to memorize the inspection process.
• Visual Aids : Use diagrams or checklists as visual reminders.

Pro Tip : Practice the pre-trip inspection in a real-world setting. The more you perform the inspection in a practical environment, the more natural it will become.

Remember, the pre-trip inspection is not just a test requirement – it’s a fundamental safety practice every commercial driver should master. For more resources and detailed guides, visit Driving-Tests.org .

Secure your CDL with confidence!

Our exclusive CDL Premium program offers comprehensive online training with an ELDT certificate, authentic exam questions, and a solid Pass Guarantee, starting at only $49. Ideal for first-time applicants, seasoned drivers, and those new to the U.S. road rules.

Explore CDL Premium

Was this page helpful?

• Start a free Pre-Trip Inspection practice test:
• CDL Class A Pre-Trip Inspection
• CDL Class B Pre-Trip Inspection
• Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist
• Tips for Memorizing the Pre-Trip Inspection for CDL

CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Test

• Connecticut
• District of Columbia
• Massachusetts
• Mississippi
• New Hampshire
• North Carolina
• North Dakota
• Pennsylvania
• Rhode Island
• South Carolina
• South Dakota
• West Virginia

The pre-trip inspection test is neither an endorsement test nor a written test … but it is an essential part of the commercial driver’s license testing process.

The pre-trip vehicle inspection test is basically a skills test that is designed to determine if a driver can identify which features and equipment on a test vehicle should be inspected before operating the vehicle.

The test can cover a wide variety of equipment located both inside and outside of a truck. For example, the test could cover hoses and belts, specific parts of the engine, oil level, mirrors and windshield and much more. We’ll discuss in more detail what is covered on the test later in this guide.

Right now, let’s proceed on and take a close look at the test itself and the testing process.

Test Overview

The purpose of the vehicle inspection test is to both determine if a vehicle is safe to operate and to determine if a driver knows how to ensure his or her vehicle is safe to operate.

During the vehicle inspection test, the driver is expected to explain or show their knowledge of the vehicle inspection process. That means the driver will have to walk around the vehicle and point to or touch each item and explain to the examiner what they are checking and why.

If you do not pass this test, any other endorsement tests that you have scheduled will be canceled.

Before you go to the DMV to this and other endorsement exams, you should visit your state’s DMV website and find the following:

Age requirement for taking the test – most states require applicants to be 18 years of age with a valid driver’s license. If the driver is going to be driving from state to state, most states require that they be 21 years of age with a valid driver’s license.

Identification documents that most be produced to prove your identity. Sample documents that acceptable often include a birth certificate and a valid driver’s license.  

Fees that will be due before taking the test. Also, as part of this step, be sure to check what payment methods are accepted at the DMV office you will be visiting.

What’s on the Test?

You will be required to conduct both an internal and external inspection of the test vehicle.

That means on the internal inspection you will have to identify and check such things as: engine hoses, engine belts, oil pressure, coolant level, power steering fluid, mirrors and windshield, safety equipment, temperature gauge, air gauge and more.

On the external inspection you will need to identify and check such things as: steering box, hoses and linkage, air brakes, suspension, wheels, tires, doors, splash guards and more.

During the test, the driver will NOT have to crawl under the hood or under the vehicle. The brake lights, emergency flashers, turn signals, and horn must be checked and if any of these items do not work, the skills and road portions of the test process will immediately be postponed.

One more thing, when taking the inspection test you may be able to use the guides shown in your commercial driver’s license handbook but you cannot have any instructions or notes written on them.

Here are some sample questions that you will need to be able to answer when conducting the pre-trip inspection:

• How much play is allowed in engine compartment belts?
• What might puddles on the ground or dripping fluids on the underside of the engine and transmission indicate?
• How should you go about checking the engine coolant level?
• When checking the wheels, what might rust around a nut indicate?
• How do you check the power steering fluid?

How to Prepare for the Test

We recommend a three step approach to preparing for this test.

Step One – study your commercial driver’s license handbook, paying particular attention to the pre-trip inspection section. Read this section multiple times and try to commit everything to memory.

Step Two – Take pre-trip inspection practice tests to asses and further increase your understanding of this topic. We offer pre-trip inspection practice tests right here .

Step Three – Take what you’ve learned and apply it to a real world truck. It’s one thing to see something in print but you should also look at a physical truck so that you know where essential components are and you can identify them.

Test Taking Tips – Improve Your Chances to Pass

Things you can do to improve your chances of passing this test include getting a good night’s rest the night before the exam.

You should also eat well before the test. This will ensure your mind and body have fuel needed to successfully execute the inspection.

Still more things that you can do include taking some deep breaths to relax yourself before beginning the test. You should also be very familiar with where the DMV is located and how to get there. Then you should plan on leaving early so that you will have to compose yourself before the test and you won’t feel rushed and stressed when you begin.

We also recommend scheduling an appointment at the DMV to avoid any long wait that can make you feel tired and stressed and negatively impact your test performance.

The pre-trip inspection test is a very important test because failing to pass this test will prevent you from being able to move an take scheduled endorsement exams.

This is done for a reason – because being able to identify that a truck is safe to operate is something that is critical for drivers to know how to do. Failure to master this skill can put lives at risk on the roadways.

So don’t take this test for granted. Study the handbook, take practice tests and be sure to practice inspections on real trucks to further expand your knowledge. Do these things and you’ll pass this test with flying colors and be able to move on to receiving the endorsements you covet.

• ALL MOSCOW TOURS
• Getting Russian Visa
• Top 10 Reasons To Go
• Things To Do In Moscow
• Sheremetyevo Airport
• Domodedovo Airport
• Vnukovo Airport
• Airports Transfer
• Layover in Moscow
• Best Moscow Hotels
• Best Moscow Hostels
• Art in Moscow
• Moscow Theatres
• Moscow Parks
• Free Attractions
• Walking Routes
• Sports in Moscow
• Shopping in Moscow
• The Moscow Metro
• Moscow Public Transport
• Taxi in Moscow
• Driving in Moscow
• Moscow Maps & Traffic
• Facts about Moscow – City Factsheet
• Expat Communities
• Groceries in Moscow
• Healthcare in Moscow
• Blogs about Moscow
• Flat Rentals

Driving in Moscow – Russian road rules

Car-sharing in moscow.

Yandex.Drive parking at Sheremetyevo Airport

Moscow has the largest car-sharing park in the world with more than 15 000 cars waiting for you to be rented for any amount of time, starting from 1 minute. Cars can usually be left almost anywhere within MKAD and in Moscow airports. City parking is also free for those cars. To be able to rent a car, you should register yourself in an app of the company providing the service. There are more than 15 car-sharing operators in Moscow, here are the market leaders:

• Delimobil: https://delimobil.ru
• Yandex.Drive: https://yandex.ru/drive/
• BelkaCar: https://belkacar.ru
• Citydrive: https://citydrive.ru

Long term car rental in Moscow

Sixt pick up & return office

Hertz, Europcar, Sixt and Avis have offices in three of four Moscow airports ( Sheremetyevo ,  Domodedovo and Vnukovo ). Budget has no offices in Russia. It is always cheaper to rent a car using company local site, not the international one. For a night pick up you should contact local rent office a few days upon arrival.

• Hertz Russian site: https://www.hertz.ru/
• Europcar Russian site: https://europcar.ru
• Sixt Russian site: https://www.sixt.ru
• Avis Russian site: https://www.avisrussia.ru

Roads & regulations in Russia

Vnukovo exit road

• Driving is right-sided.
• In the built up areas the speed limit is 60 kmph.
• In none built up areas – 90 kmph.
• On the off-city highways – 110 kmph.
• Some highways around Moscow have 130 kmph limit (marked with green signs).
• The minimum age to drive a car is 18 (16 for motorcycles, 20 for buses).
• Wearing of seat belts is mandatory in both front and back seats.
• Speaking on a mobile phone or even holding it in a hand while driving is a serious offence.
• Turning right at a red light is not allowed when there is no special green arrow traffic light.
• It is illegal for children under the age of 12 to travel in the front seat.
• Dipped headlights must be used during the day.
• It is illegal to drive a car with mud on the license plates.

Required documents

Russian registration certificate, driver license and vehicle insurance

While driving in Russia every driver is required to have the following set of documents:

• Passport ( Russian Visa and migration card is a must for foreigners).
• Driving license (if you plan to stay in Moscow for more than 6 months, your national license will not be enough, you have to obtain Russian license).
• Registration certificate (pink laminated card).
• Vehicle insurance (green or purple paper or its digital copy).
• A power of Attorney (only for rented cars).

Fines in Russia

Traffic police officers

Traffic police officers can stop every car just to check the documents. Every road inspector must introduce himself pointing his title and last name.

The cameras can record not only speeding but other minor violations as well. Driving along the bus lanes, driving in the oncoming lane, incorrect parking or even driving without a full stop where there’s a stop sign – all those violations are in their competence. Numerous traffic cameras are installed in all city regions along every major road. The detailed list of cameras and places of their location is presented on this site . After the camera registered a violation, the appropriate fine is sent to the owner of the car by post and must be paid for a one-month term (there’s a 50% discount if you pay within 2 weeks). For serious violations (Russia has a zero tolerance policy on drinking and driving), the driving license can be confiscated by a court.

All the fines should be paid only at the bank or via internet, so never give any money (or bank cards) to the road inspectors.

Moscow parking rules

Moscow parking ATM

Moscow has paid parking in the city center, within the Garden Ring. There are several parking zones and also special fares for specific streets. Parking within the Boulevard Ring may cost up to 380 roubles (€4) per hour, 50 roubles (€1) for the first hour and 150 roubles (€2) for every next hour within the Garden Ring and 60 rubles (€1) per hour within the TTK ring.

How to pay:

• SMS to 7757 (Russian SIM-cards only).
• Moscow Parking Portal
• Mobile App available for iOS  and  Android .
• Parking ATM (mostly with credit cards only).
• Monthly or annual parking ticket. The parking ticket holder can use city parking spaces daily without payment during the chosen period (month or year).

Maps and traffic in Moscow

Yandex.Maps service

Moscow has a very hard traffic situation. To avoid long traffic jams use Yandex.Maps service. It offers reliable live traffic map (apps are available for iOS , Android  and  Windows Phone ) with online navigation. Offline Moscow map is available. It is the most popular and up to date service. Yandex can show and search latin-written street names.

Getting Russian driver license

Moscow driving school

A foreigner, temporarily staying in Russia can drive with an International Driving Permit (IDP) or national driving license, translated into Russian and notarized. Foreigners that are going to stay in Russia for more than six months must obtain a Russian driving license. To apply for a Russian driving license, you must provide the following documents:

• Passport and valid Russian visa and legally certified copy.
• The document confirming a place of continuous or temporary registration.
• Medical certificate (available from any major health clinic).
• National driving license, legally certified copy and translation.
• Photo of 4х6 cm.
• The receipt confirming payment of the state duty.
• Application for passing the examination.
• The receipt on examination payment.

If your national driving license is still valid, you will only have to pass a general driving test. If your license has expired, you must also pass a practical driving exam to get the Russian license. However, to do so, you must speak fluent Russian: the theoretical and practical instruction is conducted only in Russian. If you want to get your first driving license in Russia, you should also go to a local driving school, pass a medical test, have about two months of theoretical and practical driving instruction, and pass state driving exams.

Moscow gas stations

Gazpromneft station

We suggest you to fill up at good gas stations nets, such as Lukoil, BP, Rosneft, Shell, Gazpromneft or TNK. Gas stations are particularly can be met outside the Garden Ring. The price of petrol in Russia is still significantly lower than in Europe.

Winter driving in Moscow

Snowfall near GUM

Driving in Moscow in winter could be a difficult thing, especially if you are not used to such weather conditions. During the winter period, remember to keep in your car a good snow brush and an anti-frost windshield washer fluid. Before winter arrives, have your car protected with winter tires. Studded tires are allowed and highly recommended outside of Moscow. It is better to change tires in advance – in autumn, and not to wait until the first snow. Otherwise, you run the risk of spending a lot of time in queues to service stations. Do not hurry to change winter tires in spring; it is better to wait until April.

PLAN YOUR TRIP WITH US

Happy to help you with everything, from general plan of your visit to plane tickets or hotel stay. We may also support your Russian Visa request with a letter of invitation if you need so.

SEE OUR TOURS

We host around 60 tours every month in English, Russian, German, Italian, Spanish, Arabic and other languages. All of our tours =>

SAVE THIS LINK

If you only started to think about visiting Moscow, just save our site in your browser’s bookmarks or follow us on Facebook and Instagram to be in touch.

Our Private Tours in Moscow

All-in-one moscow essential private tour, moscow metro & stalin skyscrapers private tour, moscow art & design private tour, soviet moscow historical & heritage private tour, gastronomic moscow private tour, «day two» moscow private tour, layover in moscow tailor-made private tour, whole day in moscow private tour, tour guide jobs →.

Every year we host more and more private tours in English, Russian and other languages for travelers from all over the world. They need best service, amazing stories and deep history knowledge. If you want to become our guide, please write us.

Contact Info

+7 495 166-72-69

[email protected]

119019 Moscow, Russia, Filippovskiy per. 7, 1

Mon - Sun 10.00 - 18.00

Moscow Travel Guide

Moscow travel guides, moscow's most beautiful orthodox churches, moscow's modernist metro stations, top 15 attractions in moscow, 25 cathedrals to visit before you die.

• Privacy Policy
• Terms and Conditions
• GET INSPIRED AND START PLANNING GET INSPIRED AND START PLANNING
• footer@item_discovertips_anchor
• PDF Travel Guides
• TOURISM INDUSTRY TOURISM INDUSTRY

Shooter Files by f.d. walker

Street Photography Tips, Interaction, Travel, Guides

Apr 24 2017

City Street Guides by f.d. walker: A Street Photography Guide to Moscow, Russia

*A series of guides on shooting Street Photography in cities around the world. Find the best spots to shoot, things to capture, street walks, street tips, safety concerns, and more for cities around the world. I have personally researched, explored and shot Street Photography in every city that I create a guide for. So you can be ready to capture the streets as soon as you step outside with your camera!

At over 12 million people, Moscow is the largest city in Russia and second largest in Europe by population ( Istanbul is #1). An urban, cosmopolitan metropolis with more than enough glitz and glam to cater to the elite, but without losing its fair share of Soviet era roughness around the edges. It can be fast paced, brash, busy, and trendy like other big cities, but it has its blend of West meets Russia atmosphere and beauty that provides plenty of unique interest. The Red Square is as famous as it gets, but there’s so much more to this city, including the most beautiful subway system you’ve ever seen. It would take years to capture all of Moscow, but that means you have an endless amount of areas to discover.

So here’s a Street Photography guide so you can be ready to capture all that Moscow has to offer before you even arrive!

• Patriarch’s Pond
• Old Arbat Street
• Maroseyka Street
• Tverskoy Boulevard

Top 5 Street Spots:

1. red square.

The Red Square is the most famous square in not just Russia, but all of Eastern Europe. The name actually doesn’t come from the color of the bricks or communism, but from the name in Russian, Krásnaya, once meaning “beautiful” before its meaning changed to “red.” This large plaza is what you see on the cover of guide books and magazines for Moscow, with St. Basil’s Cathedral being the center piece next to Lenin’s Mausoleum surrounded by the Kremlin Wall. Of course, the Red Square attracts hordes of tourist due to the main attractions, but all that activity around an interesting atmosphere does provide street photo opportunities. It’s also the central square connecting to the city’s major streets, providing a good starting point to explore outward.

You’ll also find the popular pedestrian only Nikolskaya Street connecting the Red Square to Lubyanka Square. This line of expensive shops includes plenty of activity, while also leading you to another popular square. Filled with history rivaling any city, the Red Square and surrounding areas are the heart and soul of Russia.

2. Patriarch’s Ponds

Patriarch’s Ponds is one of the most exclusive neighborhoods in Moscow. Despite the name being plural, there’s only one large pond, but it’s worth a visit with your camera. It’s a popular spot for locals and expats to come relax or take a stroll around the pond. You get an interesting mix of young and old too, from young love to “babushkas” feeding pigeons. It’s a very peaceful park atmosphere in one of the nicer areas within the city center, while bringing enough activity for street photography. 

The pond is shallow and in the winter becomes a popular spot for ice-skating too. The area is also well-known for the location in the famous Russian novel, The Master and Margarita. 

3. Old Arbat (Stary Arbat)

Old Arbat is the most famous pedestrian street in Moscow, and dating back to the 15th century, also one of its oldest. Originally, it was an area of trade, but soon became the most prestigious residential area in Moscow. During the 18th century, Arbat started attracting the city’s scholars and artists, including Alexander Pushkin. Cafes lined the streets and impressive homes filled the neighborhood. Since then, New Arbat street was created as a highway in the area, while Old Arbat was paved for a 1km pedestrian only walkway.

Due to the historic buildings, famous artists that lived here, and the bohemian atmosphere, Old Arbat has become a big attraction for tourists today. Now, there’s a mix of cafes, restaurants, souvenir shops, street performers, street merchants and other attractions for visitors, and some locals, to come enjoy. It can get really busy here and there’s usually something interesting going on so it’s a good street to come walk with your camera for guaranteed life.

4. Gorky Park

One of the most famous places in Moscow is Gorky Park. The official name is Maxim Gorky’s Central Park of Culture & Leisure, which gives you an idea of what goes on here. When built, it was the first of its kind in the Soviet Union. Divided into two parts, it stretches along Moscow River. One end contains fair rides, foods stands, tennis courts, a sports club, a lake for boat rides, and more. This end brings more active life due to its number of attractions, while the other end is more relaxed, where you’ll find gardens, trees, older buildings, and an outdoor amphitheater.

Gorky Park attracts mostly locals so it’s a good spot to capture the non-tourist side of Moscow life. Muscovites come here to escape the city and unwind in a picturesque setting. The park remains alive outside of the warmer months too, especially when the lake turns into the city’s largest outdoor skating rink. I’d recommend taking the metro out here to spend at least half a day exploring the massive park’s life with your camera.

5. Maroseyka Street

Maroseyka Street is a popular area not too far from the Red Square. The long, winding street turns into Pokrovka and is lined with restaurants, cafes, bars and places to stay. It’s actually where I like to stay when I’m in Moscow due to its location and solid street photography opportunities itself. You have Kitay-gorod station near and if you keep walking southwest, you’ll get to the Red Square. But if you walk northwest, as it changes to Pokrovka, you can find a long street of activity for photography with its own interesting atmosphere.

6. Tverskoy Boulevard

Tverskoy Boulevard is the oldest and longest boulevard in Moscow, beginning at the end of Nikitsky Boulevard, and finishing at Pushkin Square, a spot to come for activity itself. The boulevard is made up of two avenues, with pedestrian walkways in-between. You’ll find grass, shrubbery, trees, benches and more walking it’s almost kilometer length. Many people come here to enjoy some relaxation, walk their dog, or just to use it to walk wherever they’re going. Its center location also provides a nice place to walk with your camera near plenty of other spots you’ll want to check out anyway.

Sample Street Walk:

For a full day of Street Photography, covering some of the best spots, you can follow this sample street walk for Moscow:

• Start your morning walking around the Red Square (1), while exploring the surrounding area, including Nikolskaya Street
• Then walk northwest to Patriarch’s Ponds (2) and slowly walk the pond and surrounding area with your camera
• Next, walk east to the Pushkin Monument and stroll down Tverskoy Boulevard (6)
• Once Tverskoy Boulevard (6) ends, it will turn into Nikitsky Boulevard. Follow this down until you get to the start of Old Arbat Street (3), across from Arbatskaya station
• After you’re done walking down Old Arbat Street (3) for more street photography, spend some time checking out Moscow’s beautiful metro stations
• To finish off the day with more street photography, get off the metro near Red Square (1) again, Maroseyka Street (5) or wherever you’re staying for the night.

3 Things I’ll Remember about Shooting in Moscow:

1. museum metro.

The Moscow metro system was the first underground railway system in the Soviet Union and today includes 203 stations across 340km of routes. The elaborate system has some of the deepest stations in the world too, with escalators that seem to go on forever. None of this is what makes it so special, though. Many of its stations feel like stepping inside a museum, making it without a doubt the most interesting and beautiful metro system I’ve been in.

When built, Stalin wanted to make the metro stations “palaces for the people” with marble, chandeliers, and grand architecture. The best part is the variety of architecture and styles used, making many of the stations a completely different experience visually. You could easily spend a whole day traveling the stations and there are even tours available for people who wish to do just that. My advice, though, would be just to buy a ticket and hop on and off at different stations, while exploring different lines. The museum-like surrounding mixed with the crowds of characters can make for a great photography experience.

Since there are so many stations, here are some of my favorites to check out:

• Novoslobodskaya
• Mayakovskaya
• Elektrozavodskaya
• Komsomolskaya
• Ploschad Revolyutsii
• Dostoyevskaya
• Prospekt Mira

2. Moscow is Big

It’s no secret that Moscow is a big city, but it can feel even bigger with how spread out much of it is. This is especially true if you compare it to cities outside of Asia. If I compared it to cities in Europe, I’d probably say only Istanbul would warrant more time to really discover the depths of this city. Most only explore around the Red Square and surrounding area, but that is such a small part of the city. Although, that central area does give you plenty to see on its own.

Fortunately, I had a good friend living in the city to show me around, but it opened up my eyes even more to how much there is to discover in Moscow. It’s a big city with a variety of atmosphere that can take you from “east” to “west” and trendy to rugged depending on where you go. I’d imagine you’d have to live here a while to really know the city.

3. Cosmopolitan Mix of East meets West

Modern skyscrapers mixed with amazing architecture, a world-class metro system with museum-like beauty, trendy fashion and chic clubs, Moscow is a rich mix of Russian culture and history in a more western cosmopolitan package. There is a push to keep the Russian culture, while also pushing forward with a modern metropolis the whole world will envy. This comes with an impressive skyline, that continues to grow, and endless modernities, but with soviet nostalgia and atmosphere mixed in for good measure.

Mixed in with this grand western cosmopolitan atmosphere, is a strong national pride in Russia. This includes their famous leader, Vladimir Putin. Maybe no other place will you see a country’s leader more often. All over, from the pricey tourist shops to the underground walkway stalls, you’ll find goods with Putin’s likeness covering them. From t-shirts to magnets to Matryoshka dolls. There’s a strong national pride that can be seen around the city, which also extends to their leader. Moscow is many things. It’s East meets West, modernizations meets Soviet era, and a whole lot more.

What To Do For a Street Photography Break?:

Eat at a stolovaya.

Stolovayas are Russian cafeterias that became popular in the Soviet days. You grab a tray and walk down the line of freshly prepared local dishes, and select whatever you want from the chefs. They’re usually inexpensive and a much better value than restaurants, while giving you the opportunity to try from a wide selection of everyday Russian food. They’re also very tasty. I always include some borsch on my tray and go from there. The places themselves are all over Moscow and usually come with Soviet-era aesthetics to complete the experience.

Street Safety Score: 7

*As always, no place is completely safe! So when I talk about safety, I’m speaking in general comparison to other places. Always take precaution, be smart, observe your surroundings and trust your instincts anywhere you go!

Being the 2nd largest city in Europe with over 12 million people, you’re going to have your dangerous areas, but for the most part, it feels safe walking around. Russia is statistically higher in crime compared to most of Europe, but this generally doesn’t apply to tourists and visitors. Around the Red Square and surrounding city center, you should feel completely safe walking around. Pick pocketing can happen, but no more than other touristic places. I always explore Moscow freely without coming across too much to worry about. It’s a spread out city, though, so of course it matters where you are. Just use basic street smarts, know where you are and Moscow shouldn’t give you a problem. 

People’s Reaction Score: 7

Moscow is fast paced, big city life, which usually means people aren’t too concerned with you, or your camera. I don’t find people notice or pay much attention to me when I’m out taking photos in Moscow. For the most part, people just go about their day. You shouldn’t get too many looks or concern. But it can depend on the area you are in. The more you stick out, the more you might get noticed with suspicions. I’ve never had any problems in Moscow, or Russia, but just be careful who you’re taking a photo of if you get out of the city center. Other than that, it’s about average for reactions. 

Street Tips:

Learn the alphabet .

Much of Moscow, including the metro system, doesn’t use english. The Russian alphabet uses letters from the Cyrillic script, which if you aren’t familiar with it and don’t know the sounds, can be hard to decipher the words. This is most important for street names and metro stops when trying to get around. It can save confusion and make it easier getting around if you learn the basic alphabet. At the very least then, you can sound out the words to see which are similar in the english conversion, which can help matching them to maps. When out shooting street photography, getting around is as important as anything. So save yourself some time and frustration by learning the Russian Alphabet.

Use the metro

While Saint-Petersburg feels very walkable for a city its size, Moscow can feel very spread out, even for its bigger size. Outside of the Red Square area, you can have plenty of walking before getting anywhere very interesting, so you’ll need to take the metro a lot if you really want to explore the city. Maps are deceiving here too, it will always be further than it looks.

Another reason it’s less walkable than Saint-Petersburg is its completely different set-up. Moscow’s streets are mostly contstructed in rings with narrow, winding streets in-between. This is common with medieval city cities that used to be confined by walls, but you usually don’t have it in a city this massive. Saint-Petersburg has a more grid-like pattern that also uses the canals to help you know your way around. When it comes to navigating on foot in Moscow, it can be more difficult, so bring a map and take the metro when needed. It’s why Moscow’s metro carries more passengers per day than the London and Paris subways combined.

Explore other areas if you have time

Moscow is really big. While most people stay around the Red Square within the Boulevard Ring, there’s so much more to the city. I covered some other spots outside of this circle, but if you really want to see the city, you’ll need time. If you do have time, some other areas I’d check out first are Zamoskvarechye, along some of the south and western Moscow.

Inspiration:

For some more inspiration, you can look through the Street Photography of Moscow photographer Artem Zhitenev  and check out 33 of my photos taken in Moscow .

Conclusion:

Moscow’s name brings a certain mystique, but once you’re there it might bring a different atmosphere than you expect. It’s big and sprawling, but beautiful in many ways. It can feel like a European capital on a grand scale, but you can definitely find its Russian side in there.

The urban sprawl of Moscow can be intimidating, but give it enough time and you’ll be rewarded with plenty to discover. All with the world’s best metro system to take you around.

I hope this guide can help you start to experience some of what Moscow contains. So grab your camera and capture all that Moscow has to offer for Street Photography!

If you still have any questions about shooting in Moscow, feel free to comment below or email me!

(I want to make these guides as valuable as possible for all of you so add any ideas on improvements, including addition requests, in the comment section!)

Click Here For More City Street Guides!

(A New Guide Posted Every Other Wednesday)

Comment Here! Cancel reply

For patreon exclusive educational content:.

Limited Edition Postcard Prints!

Street Photography Workshops

Donations Always Appreciated

I'll always keep Shooter Files free for everyone, but any donations would be greatly appreciated and help me keep it going. Many thanks to everyone following along!

Cheers! -f.d. walker

Search the Files

For Exclusive Patron Content: