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"World's Largest Fresh Water Island"

Majuli tourism.

Majuli, a verdant and eco-friendly freshwater island nestled in the Brahmaputra River, is a pristine haven just 20 kilometers from Jorhat city in Assam. Encompassing a total area of 1250 square kilometers, Majuli holds the distinction of being the world's largest river island, drawing tourists from far and wide. Its surreal beauty and unique cultural heritage have positioned it as a strong contender for UNESCO's World Heritage Sites. Inhabited mostly by Tribals, Majuli boasts a captivating and diverse culture, earning it the title of the cultural capital of Assam. 

Majuli serves as the hub of Assamese neo-Vaishnavite culture, is home to several Satras, where visitors can witness traditional dance performances, learn about the unique Vaishnavite philosophy, and marvel at exquisite handcrafted artifacts. The island Additionally, Majuli's tranquil surroundings offer the perfect setting for meditation, yoga, and spiritual rejuvenation, making it an ideal destination for those seeking solace and inner peace. Majuli's festivals, particularly the vibrant Raas festival, are celebrated with joyous fervor, offering visitors a glimpse into its rich traditions and lively spirit.  Majuli offers not only cultural richness but also breathtaking natural landscapes, featuring lush greenery, meandering rivers, and diverse birdlife. Visitors can immerse themselves in the island's pristine beauty by cycling along scenic trails, enjoying leisurely boat rides on the Brahmaputra River, or relaxing on its picturesque beaches. Birdwatching enthusiasts will find joy in exploring Majuli's wetlands, home to a variety of avian species, including migratory birds that visit during the winter months. In terms of cuisine, Majuli offers a taste of authentic Assamese flavors, with traditional dishes like masor tenga (sour fish curry), aloo pitika (mashed potatoes), and khar (a unique Assamese preparation). Visitors can also sample refreshing beverages like apong (rice beer) and enjoy local sweets made from jaggery and coconut.

Must Know Before You Travel to Majuli

  • Limited Ferries: Ferries to Majuli may have limited schedules, especially during the monsoon season. Plan your transportation accordingly and check ferry timings in advance.
  • Weather Impact: During the monsoon season (June to September), access to Majuli may be restricted due to flooding. Plan your visit accordingly and check weather conditions before traveling.
  • Local Transport: Local transport on Majuli is mainly by cycle rickshaws or rented bicycles. The island is easily navigable on foot, providing a unique and eco-friendly experience.
  • Multi-Day Passes: Consider purchasing multi-day passes for attractions like Satras to explore cost-efficiently. These passes may also help you skip long entry lines.
  • Network Connectivity : Network connectivity on Majuli may be limited. Consider purchasing a local SIM card from reliable operators for communication.
  • Cash Dependency: ATMs are scarce on Majuli, so carry sufficient cash, as card payments may not be widely accepted.
  • Accommodation: Majuli offers limited accommodation options, mainly eco-friendly guesthouses and homestays. Pre-booking is advisable, especially during peak seasons.
  • Cultural Festivals: Majuli hosts cultural festivals like the Raas Festival, which may impact accommodation availability and transportation. Plan your trip around these events for an enriched experience.
  • Religious Sites : Some Satras (Vaishnavite monasteries) on Majuli may have specific entry restrictions based on religious customs. Respect these guidelines when visiting.
  • Environmental Conservation: Majuli is vulnerable to erosion and environmental degradation. Respect the island's delicate ecosystem and participate in eco-friendly activities during your stay.

Places To Visit In Majuli

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Majuli Island in Assam: Essential Travel Guide

How to Visit the World's Largest River Island

Amar Grover/Getty Images.

A place of unparalleled beauty and tranquility in India, Majuli Island is not surprisingly one of India's top off the beaten track destinations . Step back in time where people lived off the land in tight agrarian communities. This is the world’s largest river island, nestled amidst the mighty Brahmaputra River.

From its sandy banks, Majuli Island is over 420 square kilometers in size, although it is shrinking due to erosion. During the monsoon season , the island shrinks to less than half its size. And, if the ecological reports are to be believed, in 20 years this farming community will have given way to the environment completely and cease to exist. So, there’s no time to waste if you wish to see this highlight of the North East region.

Where is It?

Majuli Island is located in the state of Assam. Situated in the Brahmaputra River, it is 20 kilometers from the city of Jorhat and 326 kilometers from Guwahati. Majuli Island is accessible only via a one-hour ferry ride from the tiny town of Nimati Ghat (about 12 kilometers from Jorhat).

There are two towns on the island, Kamalabari and Garamur, and many little villages dotted throughout the landscape. Kamalabari is the first town you’ll encounter, about 3 kilometers from the ferry and Garamur just a couple of kilometers further away. Both have basic provisions available.

Getting There

From Jorhat, you'll need to proceed to the ferry departure point at Nimati Ghat, which is about 20 minutes from the center of town. To get there, it's cheapest (although not the most comfortable!) to take the bus or shared auto rickshaw. Otherwise, be prepared to pay 500-1,200 rupees for a private auto rickshaw or taxi.

Ferries leave Nimati Ghat numerous times a day. According to the most recent timetable, there are hourly departures at 8.30 a.m., 9.30 a.m., 10.30 a.m., 1 p.m., 2 p.m., 3 p.m., and 3.30 p.m. From Kamalabari Ghat on Majuli Island there are return departures at 7 a.m., 7.30 a.m., 8.30 a.m., 10.30 a.m., 12.30 p.m., 1.30 p.m. and 3 p.m. The frequency is less during the monsoon season and if the weather is bad there won't be any services at all.

A ferry ride costs 15 rupees per person, one way, and an additional 700 rupees if you want to take your car. It's a government-operated service, so don't expect anything luxurious (the ferry is just a big wooden boat with benches). A car is advisable as there is limited transport to get around the island, although renting a bicycle is a feasible option once you’re in town. At the suggestion of Kipepeo , a helpful North East India Tour operator, we arranged a private vehicle with prices starting from 2,000 rupees per day for vehicle and driver.

If you’re planning on taking a vehicle do call up the day before and book to ensure they save you a spot. Bookings can be made in Assamese only, so get a local to help you: Ferry Manager +91 9957153671.

If you don’t have your own vehicle, you can jump on one of the packed buses or shared auto rickshws that greet the ferries and will take you to Kamalabari or Garamur. They won't drop you to where you're staying though. Alternatively, private jeeps are available for a few hundred rupees. To cut the cost, you can choose to share them with other travelers who may be going your way.

Jorhat is accessible by road and train. Bus services go regularly to and from major towns in Assam including Guwahati, Tezpur and Sivasagar, as well as Kaziranga National Park . There is also a Shatabdi train service (12067) from Guwahati to Jorhat that leaves every day except Sunday at 6.30 a.m. and arrives in Jorhat at 1.30 p.m. If you’re driving, the roads to Jorhat aren’t bad. Thanks to the new highway from Guwahati, it is possible to do the journey in about six hours.

There's also a daily non-stop flight to Jorhat from Kolkata traveling on IndiGo.

When to Visit

Majuli Island can be visited all year round, weather permitting. The best time to go there is during the winter, between November and March, when water levels have receded and birds have migrated to its shores. During the wet season (from July to September) much of the island disappears under water, but it is still possible to visit, although getting around may be challenging in parts.

What to See and Do

Tribal and farming communities inhabit the majority of Majuli Island. Hire a bike and enjoy the picturesque views of rice paddies, small villages and roads lined with bamboo archways. On the roadside watch villagers practicing the ancient craft of hand looming that the region is famous for. You can also purchase the brightly colored textiles at local road stalls.

For many Hindus, Majuli Island is a pilgrimage site. Peppered with 22 satras , you can visit each of these on the island or select just a few. A satra is a Vishnu monastery where teachings, plays and prayers are conducted. The satras are centered around a large hall where the activities are held. Some of the oldest satras on Majuli Island were built in the 1600s and are still in use today, albeit a little worse for wear.

The largest satras include Uttar Kamalabari (near the town of Kamalabari), Auni Ati (about 5 kilometers from Kamalabari) that is the oldest satra and Garmur. There is also a museum at Auni Ati that you can visit from 9.30 a.m. until 11 a.m., and noon until 4 p.m. (10 rupees Indian or 50 rupees for a foreigner).

Stop by the Chamaguri Satra, a small family satra, and watch them make traditional masks depicting characters from the Ramayana and Mahabharata that are used in the plays performed there. While the plays and dances are performed at the satras, these are done at specific times for religious purposes and are not generally a daily event nor open for tourists.

Majuli Island is also popular for bird watching. The wetlands house migratory birds during winter, with bird watching a popular past time between November and March. Birds that can be seen here include pelicans, storks, Siberian cranes and whistling teals. There are also plenty of wild geese and ducks traversing the roads and wetlands. There are three main areas for bird watching on the island; the southeast, the southwest and the northern tip of the island.

Travel Tips

There are two major festivals on the island that you can attend.

The Majuli Mahotsav is a local festival that celebrates the island. It is held in January in the town of Garamur. You can mingle with locals, check out local dances, watch tribal women prepare local delicacies and pick up some local crafts. Handloom textiles in bright colors and bags made from bamboo are some of the items to look out for.

Ras Mahotsav is a Hindu festival held around November, during the full moon in the month of Kartik. It celebrates the life of Lord Krishna with dancing that goes on for three days. Pilgrims flock to the island at this time to celebrate this festival, making it a great time to visit.

While the festivals are interesting, Majuli Island is really about getting back to nature and experiencing farm and island life the way it has been for years. Take it easy and enjoy the relaxed pace of life here, there’s little need to rush.

Where to Stay

Places to stay on Majuli Island are scarce, but Piran from Kipepeo put us in contact with his friend who runs what is probably the best one there. La Maison de Ananda (the House of Happiness) has a wide variety of accommodations, ranging from traditional bamboo huts on stilts to air-conditioned rooms in a new concrete block. It's quaint and peaceful. The amenities in the bamboo stilt huts are basic but very comfortable, and hot water is available by bucket 24 hours a day. The huts are priced at around 1,800 rupees per night for up to three people.

The owner Jyoti and manager Monjit are very helpful. Plus, they have scooters and bicycles for rent. You can order a delicious and filling tribal thali for dinner, and even watch the ladies preparing it in the inviting kitchen.The tribal thali costs 350 rupees per person. Wash it down with local rice beer.

It is possible to stay at some of the satras, but these are generally meant for pilgrims and the facilities are very basic.

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Majuli

Majuli Tourism

  • Kamalabari Satra
  • Garmur Satra
  • Auniati Satra
  • Dakhinpat Satra
  • Samaguri Satra
  • Mishing Village
  • Molai Forest
  • Bengenaati Satra
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Kamalabari Satra

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Majuli island Tourism And Travel Guide

Majuli is one of the world’s largest river island located on River Brahmaputra in the North East Indian state of Assam . The picturesque locale and the vibrant culture that the island boasts of make it one of the most coveted tourist destinations in Assam. From fragments of Ahom history and culture and strong influences of Vaishnavite traditions, to the mesmerising sunsets and charming village life, tourism in Majuli has little something for each of its visitors. Here is a snippet of travel guide to visit Majuli Island.

How to Reach

How to Reach:  Majuli island Tourism And Travel Guide

Majuli has no airport or railheads and can only be reached by ferries plying from Neemati Ghat in Jorhat . Let us see how to reach Jorhat.

Jorhat Airport or Rowriah Airport is located 7 km south west of the city of Jorhat. It is well connected by flights with Guwahati and other north eastern states. From the airport, tourists can take a bus or taxi to reach Neemati Ghat which is located 14 km from the city. Ferries plying from Neemati Ghat transfer people to Majuli.

Majuli is an island which is not connected by rail tracks. Hence the closest rail station is in Jorhat. One can reach Jorhat by train via Guwahati. From here they can take bus or taxi to reach Neemati Ghat before sailing off to Majuli.

Jorhat is well connected by roads with Guwahati and other neighbouring cities and towns. Long distance buses ply between these areas and Jorhat. Tourists can also hire taxis from Guwahati to reach Jorhat and then take a ferry to Majuli.

Getting Around in Guwahati:

There are no taxis, buses or autos found in Majuli. For exploring the island and its vicinity, tourists have to depend on small country boats and bicycles.

  • How To Reach Majuli island

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Weather and Best Time to Visit:  Majuli island Tourism And Travel Guide

Summer (March to June):

Summers in Majuli are hot, humid and uncomfortable. Moving around and sightseeing is hampered due to heat and sweating and hence tourists are recommended to avoid visiting the island during the summer months.

Monsoon (July to September):

While monsoon brings a breath of fresh air after the sultry heat, the Brahmaputra overflows every year due to incessant rainfall. Exploration of the island is hindered and hence monsoon is also not considered the ideal time to visit Majuli.

Winter (October to February):

Winter in Majuli is pleasant and mild. It provides the perfect setting for soaking in the beauty of the island. Winter months also coincide with Raas festival of Lord Krishna that is celebrated here with much pomp and show on full moon day every November.

  • Majuli island Weather And Best Time To Visit Majuli island

Things to Do

Things to Do:  Majuli island Tourism And Travel Guide

Visiting Sri Dakhinapat Satra:

Dakhinapat Satra is a haven for souls seeking refuge and serenity. It is visited by thousands of devotees every year. The Raasleela is the primary festival that is celebrated with much pomp and show on full moon day in November. It is now regarded as the National Festival if Assam . The journey to Dakhinapat Satra is just as beautiful, the path flanked by lakes with water hyacinths and boats floating on them.

Watching the Sunset over Brahmaputra:

There are few moments in our lives that have the ability to render us speechless. Watching the sun setting over Brahmaputra and spreading its golden hues over the surrounding is an ethereal experience which cannot be missed when in Majuli. It leaves an everlasting imprint on the minds of all present.

Strolling through Villages:

The best way to explore Majuli - study its people and soak in the prevailing tranquillity by taking a leisurely stroll through the villages. It gives an opportunity to understand the lifestyle of the inhabitants, know their culture, learn their music and celebrate life with them. It is perhaps the best way to familiarise with a new territory.

Learning Assamese Culture and History:  

Majuli is known as much for its beauty as for its cultural heritage and lineage. It served as the cultural capital of Assam for many years. Once in Majuli, take the opportunity to learn more about the culture and history of the state by visiting Kamalabari Satra which is the hub of Majuli’s artistic, musical, cultural and religious scene. One should also visit Garmur, which houses artefacts and literary works of Vaishanvaites. Anuiati Satra is another popular centre of Assamese culture and heritage. It boasts of some unique collection of Assamese artefacts, utensils and jewels.

Visiting Mask Makers of Samaguri Satra:

This an interesting place for tourists to visit. It is where the famous mask makers of Majuli reside. These men are extremely skilled at making some of the most amazing masks that are worn during dramas that are staged from time to time. It is an opportunity to see their craft, their workshop and their workmanship.

Sailing down in a Country Boat:  

Sailing down the river in small country boats, exploring the beauty called nature, taking in fresh air make for the best medicine that life needs. These boats are extremely popular in Majuli and with no taxis or buses for commute, these have become the lifeline for the people.

  • Things To Do In Majuli island
  • Tourist Places To Visit In Majuli island

Eating in Majuli

Eating in Majuli:  Majuli island Tourism And Travel Guide

There are no exotic restaurants or fine dining options in Majuli. This does not mean that the place does not serve exotic dishes that are a gastronomic delight. Some lip smacking delicacies that one comes across here are fish baked in banana leaf, chicken baked in banana leaf, rice cooked in leaf, sticky rice, fish curry and much more. The perfect accompaniment to these dishes is the local rice beer called Apong.

Things To Do In Majuli island

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Travel Guide to Majuli, Assam - A Must Visit Cultural Paradise

Nestled in the heart of the Brahmaputra River, Majuli, Assam, is a serene and culturally rich destination that captivates the hearts of all who visit. Recognized as the world's largest river island, Majuli boasts a unique blend of natural beauty, vibrant traditions, and a tranquil atmosphere.

Majuli  village

Also read: Eco-Tourism Wonders: India's Most Unique Sustainable Destinations

Getting There:

Majuli is accessible through various modes of transportation, ensuring a journey that suits your preferences.

The most convenient way to reach Majuli is by air. Jorhat, Assam, boasts the well-connected Jorhat Airport, which serves as the nearest air gateway to the island.

Upon arriving in Jorhat, travelers can then proceed to Majuli by other modes of transportation, such as ferry, road, or even a combination of both.

2. By water:

For a truly enchanting experience, consider reaching Majuli by water. From Jorhat, you can embark on a scenic ferry journey across the Brahmaputra River.

This picturesque ride, lasting approximately 1–1.5 hours, not only serves as a means of transportation but also offers breathtaking panoramic views of the river and its serene surroundings.

It is recommended to check ferry schedules in advance to plan your journey seamlessly.

3. By road:

Majuli is well connected by road, providing an alternative and accessible travel option.

Visitors can opt for buses or taxis from Jorhat to Nimati Ghat, which is the ferry point for Majuli.

The road journey itself allows travelers to enjoy the picturesque landscapes of Assam.

4. By Train:

Although there isn't a direct rail connection to Majuli, you can reach Jorhat by train. The Jorhat railway station is connected to major cities in Assam and other parts of India.

From Jorhat, you can then proceed to Majuli using the available modes of transportation, including the scenic ferry ride.

Accommodation:

Majuli offers a range of accommodations catering to various budgets. From cozy guesthouses to traditional bamboo cottages, you can find lodging that aligns with your preferences.

Homestays: Consider staying in a traditional Mishing or Deori homestay for an authentic experience. This not only provides comfortable accommodation but also a chance to engage with the local community and learn about their way of life.

Some popular accommodation choices include

La Maison de Ananda,

Ygdrasill Bamboo Cottage, and

Mishing Bamboo Cottage

It's advisable to make reservations in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons.

Culture and Traditions:

Culture and Traditions Majuli

These satras serve as the epicenters for traditional dance, music, and drama, preserving Assamese heritage.

Visitors can witness the mesmerizing Raas Leela performances, showcasing the island's rich cultural tapestry.

Also read: Discover India's Largest Monastery, the Second Oldest in Asia

Flora and Fauna:

Flora and Fauna

During winter, migratory birds flock to Majuli, transforming the landscape into a vibrant avian spectacle. The surrounding wetlands and lush greenery contribute to the island's ecological significance.

Attractions:

Kamalabari Satra

Kamalabari Satra: Immerse yourself in the serene ambiance of Kamalabari Satra, one of the prominent satras on Majuli.

Experience spiritual teachings and traditional dances, and witness the artistic endeavors that define the cultural heartbeat of Majuli.

Auniati Satra

Auniati Satra : Explore the tranquil grounds of Auniati Satra, known for its exquisite architecture and cultural significance.

Engage with the monks, discover the ancient manuscripts, and absorb the spiritual energy that pervades this revered institution.

2. Tribal Villages:

Mishing Tribe

Mishing Tribe: Venture into the Mishing tribal villages, such as Garmur and Ahatguri, to interact with the locals.

Gain firsthand insights into the Mishing way of life, from their unique stilt houses to their traditional handicrafts. Participate in their daily activities and cultural rituals to truly appreciate their rich heritage.

Deori Tribe

Deori Tribe: Connect with the Deori tribe in villages like Bor Elengi. Explore their distinct customs, colorful attire, and traditional practices.

Engaging with the Deori community provides a fascinating glimpse into their age-old traditions and harmonious coexistence with nature.

3. Samaguri Satra:

Mask-Making Tradition

Mask-Making Tradition: Delve into the artistic realm of Samaguri Satra, where the age-old tradition of mask-making comes to life.

Witness skilled artisans meticulously crafting masks used in Assamese cultural performances like Bhaona and Raas Leela.

Gain an understanding of the symbolic significance behind each mask and its role in preserving Assamese cultural narratives.

Activities:

1. biking tours:.

Majuli's landscapes

Scenic Routes: Rent a bicycle and embark on a leisurely exploration of Majuli's scenic landscapes. Navigate through winding paths, passing lush paddy fields, quaint villages, and the majestic Brahmaputra River.

Biking allows you to absorb the tranquility of the island at your own pace, creating an intimate connection with the natural beauty that surrounds you.

2. Boat Rides:

Boat Rides

Brahmaputra Exploration: Set sail on a boat ride along the Brahmaputra, offering breathtaking panoramic views of Majuli's picturesque surroundings.

Whether it's a sunrise or sunset cruise, the river journey provides a unique perspective of the island, showcasing its lush greenery and diverse birdlife.

3. Cultural Festivals:

Raas Leela Festival

Raas Leela Festival: Plan your visit during the vibrant Raas Leela festival to witness the island come alive with cultural fervor.

Experience traditional dance performances, music, and religious processions that showcase the deep-rooted traditions and spiritual essence of Majuli.

Engage with locals, partake in festivities, and immerse yourself in the lively celebrations that define this cultural extravaganza.

Majuli offers a delightful shopping experience, allowing visitors to take home a piece of Assam's rich cultural heritage. Here are some must-buy items that reflect the essence of Majuli:

1. Muga Silk Products:

Muga Silk Products

Muga silk, native to Assam , is renowned for its golden luster and fine texture. From sarees to scarves, purchasing Muga silk products is a must in Majuli.

The Satras often showcase handwoven textiles, including exquisite Muga silk creations that make for elegant and timeless souvenirs.

2. Traditional Assamese Jewelry:

Traditional Assamese Jewelry

Explore the local markets for traditional Assamese jewelry, characterized by unique designs and intricate craftsmanship.

From Assamese necklaces (Gam Kharu) to traditional earrings (Jethi Matha), these pieces add a touch of Assamese tradition to your collection.

3. Handwoven textiles:

Handwoven textiles

Majuli's Satras are treasure troves of handwoven textiles. Look for traditional Assamese sarees like Mekhela Chador and tribal weaves that showcase the skilled craftsmanship of the local artisans.

These textiles not only make for beautiful personal additions but also thoughtful gifts.

Majuli's Masks

Consider purchasing a beautifully crafted mask, often made by skilled artisans in the Samaguri Satra.

These masks are not only unique artistic pieces, but they also serve as reminders of the island's cultural vibrancy.

5. Assam Tea:

Assam Tea

While not exclusive to Majuli, Assam is renowned for its tea. Consider purchasing locally produced Assam tea, known for its robust flavor and distinct aroma.

This aromatic delight makes for a perfect gift or a delightful reminder of your time in Assam .

Majuli's culinary scene is a feast for the senses, offering a delectable array of Assamese specialties.

Here are some must-try dishes that will tantalize your taste buds and provide a true flavor of the region:

1. Assam Laksa:

Assam Laksa

A beloved Assamese dish, Assam Laksa is a flavorful noodle soup that combines the tanginess of tamarind with the richness of fish. The aromatic broth, infused with local spices, creates a unique and satisfying culinary experience. Seek out local eateries or homestays that specialize in this traditional delicacy.

Khar

Khar is a signature Assamese dish known for its distinctive flavor profile. Made with raw papaya and pulses, Khar is infused with alkaline water filtered through the ashes of sun-dried banana peels. The result is a savory, slightly bitter curry that showcases the region's culinary ingenuity. Don't miss the opportunity to savor this unique dish during your Majuli visit.

3. Assam Tea:

Assam Tea

Assam is renowned globally for its tea, and Majuli is no exception. Indulge in the rich, malty flavors of Assam tea, whether you enjoy it in a local teahouse or as part of your homestay experience. Take the time to appreciate the nuances of this iconic beverage, which has played a significant role in the region's history.

Pitha

Satiate your sweet tooth with Assamese Pitha, a traditional rice cake often prepared during festivals. Pithas come in various forms, including Til Pitha (sesame seed-stuffed rice cakes) and Sunga Pitha (rice cakes cooked in bamboo tubes). These sweet treats provide a delightful taste of Assam's festive culinary traditions.

5. Masor Tenga:

Masor Tenga

Fish lovers should not miss Masor Tenga, a tangy fish curry prepared with tomatoes and elephant apples. The sourness of the curry combined with the distinct Assamese spices creates a harmonious and flavorsome dish that reflects the region's culinary diversity.

6. Bamboo Shoot Curry:

Bamboo Shoot Curry

Embrace the use of local ingredients by trying bamboo shoot curry. Majuli's proximity to nature is evident in this dish, where tender bamboo shoots are cooked to perfection with local spices, offering a unique and earthy flavor.

7. Apong (Rice Beer):

Apong (Rice Beer)

Also read: 11 New Eco-Tourism Spots Coming to Himachal Pradesh

Majuli, Assam , is not merely a destination; it's an experience that immerses visitors in a world where nature and culture coexist harmoniously. From its spiritual roots to the breathtaking landscapes, Majuli offers a glimpse into the soul of Assam . Make the journey to Majuli, and let the serenity of this river island paradise leave an indelible mark on your travel memories.

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Majuli Island: A Cultural Paradise in the Heart of Assam

Majuli Island , located in the northeastern state of Assam, is a captivating destination that showcases the beauty of nature and the resilience of its inhabitants. As the world’s largest river island, Majuli Island has become a popular choice for travelers seeking an authentic experience that combines breathtaking landscapes with a vibrant cultural heritage. Let us embark on a journey to explore the wonders of Majuli Island.

The Origins and Geography of Majuli Island

With a history that spans centuries, Majuli Island has emerged as an independent entity from the larger island of Brahmaputra due to the ever-changing course of the river. Covering approximately 400 square kilometers, Majuli Island is characterized by lush green paddy fields, marshlands, and enchanting water bodies. Its unique topography and location make it an appealing destination for visitors from around the world.

A Cultural Haven

Majuli Island is not only renowned for its natural beauty but also for its rich cultural heritage. Serving as the cultural capital of Assam, the island is a hub for various indigenous tribes and communities. One of the notable features of Majuli is its Satras, which are Vaishnavite monasteries that act as centers for art, music, dance, and religious teachings. These Satras have played a significant role in preserving and nurturing the classical dance forms of Assam, including the Sattriya dance, which gained recognition as a classical dance form from the Government of India in 2000.

The cultural vibrancy of Majuli Island is further enhanced during the Raas Mahotsav, an annual festival held in November to celebrate the life and teachings of the esteemed Vaishnavite saint, Srimanta Sankardeva. This festival transforms the entire island into a lively spectacle with vibrant processions, traditional music, dance performances, and theatrical acts. It provides visitors with a glimpse into the deep-rooted traditions of Assamese culture and leaves a lasting impression.

Preserving Majuli’s Unique Heritage

However, Majuli Island faces significant challenges, primarily due to erosion caused by the powerful Brahmaputra River. Every year, the island loses a significant amount of landmass, posing a threat to its existence. To mitigate the impact of erosion and preserve Majuli’s unique cultural heritage, the Assam government, in collaboration with UNESCO, has designated the island as a cultural heritage site. This recognition has led to increased conservation efforts, including measures to protect the Satras and promote sustainable tourism. Initiatives such as tree planting and embankment construction are also in place to combat erosion and maintain the island’s ecological balance.

In addition to its cultural heritage, Majuli Island offers a wealth of natural beauty. The island boasts breathtaking landscapes that attract nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers. Exploring the vast wetlands, which are home to diverse flora and fauna, including migratory bird species, is a popular activity. Visitors may even be fortunate enough to spot the endangered Gangetic dolphin in the surrounding waters of the Brahmaputra River.

Exploring Majuli on foot or by bicycle is a wonderful way to fully immerse oneself in its serene beauty and engage with the friendly local population. The warm and welcoming nature of the island’s inhabitants adds to its charm. Visitors have the opportunity to experience the unique lifestyle firsthand by staying in traditional bamboo cottages or homestays and engaging in conversations with the locals.

No visit to Majuli Island is complete without indulging in the local cuisine. Traditional Assamese delicacies such as khar, tenga, and pitha offer a tantalizing culinary experience with their distinct flavors. The island’s fertile soil ensures the availability of fresh organic produce, further enhancing the gastronomic journey.

Majuli offers a journey of a lifetime , where the interplay of nature and human resilience creates a truly magical experience. From traversing the lush green fields to witnessing timeless traditions and immersing oneself in the

There are a few ways to travel to Majuli :

  • By air:  The nearest airport is in Jorhat, which is about 20 kilometers from Majuli. There are regular flights from Guwahati, the capital of Assam, to Jorhat. From Jorhat, you can take a bus or taxi to Nimati Ghat, where ferries depart for Majuli.
  • By train:  The nearest train station is also in Jorhat. There are regular trains from Guwahati to Jorhat. From Jorhat, you can take a bus or taxi to Nimati Ghat, where ferries depart for Majuli.
  • By road:  There is no road to Majuli Island, so you will need to take a ferry from the mainland. The ferries depart from Nimati Ghat in Jorhat. The journey takes about an hour.

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Majuli Travel Guide: A Comprehensive Blog

A Majuli 8

Jump to Specific Queries

Majuli Travel Guide

Where or what exactly is majuli understanding the island..

Rote Map for Tourists in Majuli

Why should I visit Majuli?

A Majuli 11

  • Reaching the Majuli itself is an adventure. You need to cross the river on a boat and due to its location, it has seen very limited urbanization. Thus making it a secluded, rustic, and peaceful entity far away from other towns and cities in the state.
  • It is practically the cultural center of Assam. One of the primary centers of the neo-Vaishnavite culture that have been dominating the sociocultural life of most parts of Assam over the last 500 years.
  • It is home to important ethnic groups like Misings and Deoris and their lifestyle, art, culture, cuisine, and festivals can also be explored here.
  • It is also a good spot for nature lovers, especially bird watchers. I did not come across any dedicated bird-watching spot but many local water birds and some migratory birds were easily visible in the open fields and water bodies all over Majuli.

How to reach Majuli?

The alternative route to reach majuli from north bank, but how can i take my bike or car to majuli, what are the prices of the ferry for reaching majuli from nimatighat.

Majuli Ferry Toll Rate

What is the best season to visit Majuli?

What is the history of majuli, what are satras.

A Majuli 47

How to commute within Majuli?

Where to rent bicycles in majuli.

A Majuli 30

Which tribes live in Majuli?

Where to stay in majuli what are the accommodation options in majuli, do you have any suggestions for majuli hotels, homestays or resorts.

Majuli has various stay options nowadays. Let us have a look at them.

Assam Tourism Facilities

More conservative groups can go for Assam Tourism run Prashanti Cottages near Kamalabari. It is probably a bit more expensive than other options.

Satra Guesthouses

Also, most major Satras like Garamur, Auniati, etc have guesthouses where you can stay at minimal rates. However, since these are religious spots, you need to maintain decorum. Spiritually minded people will enjoy this option.

Bamboo Hut Homestays & Resorts

Typical bamboo resorts for tourists in Majuli

The most popular form of stay in Majuli are the homestays and resorts, most of them follow the traditional bamboo design of Mishing homes. The rates can be anything between 500-2500 and most of them have different facilities for different budgets. They have exotic names like La Maison de Ananda, OKgiga Homes, Me: Po Okum, Lohit Riverview Cottage, La Lolat Camp, Ygdrasill Bamboo Cottage etc, and the bulk of them are located in the villages around Garamur. If you search online you’ll easily find contact details. Some interior villages may have cheaper options but you will only find them if you roam around on your own.

Camping & Pitching Your own Tents

Many of these resorts also have tents for low-budget travellers and you can also pitch your own tent at a nominal amount.

Eating out in Majuli

When I visited in 2017 Majuli barely had any restaurants but things have changed drastically by 2020. Especially the 1 KM radius around Garamur is full of new eateries. You can locate traditional Mishing food, Assamese Thali, (Indo)Chinese food, and even a Pizza joint if you look around. This is how tourism changes a place.

Which birds can be seen in Majuli?

What to shop for in majuli.

A Majuli 33

Does Jadav Payeng live nearby?

Phone and data connectivity in majuli, should i take my old monk with me.

I think you should find a shop or two in the island, however, the good news is that there is no need for that. In Majuli you must try the homemade rice beer of your Mishing friends. One of them just randomly called me while I was cycling through a village and made that proverbially unrefusable offer.

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26 thoughts on “majuli travel guide: a comprehensive blog”.

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You have penned down a comprehensive guide for the ‘World’s Largest River Island — Majuli’ Jitaditya. There are so many places to visit that my heart is all confused ….. jaayein to jaayein kahan 😀 ……. and as always beautiful photographs

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I have never heard of this place but your guide was so informative, it makes me want to go. There seems to be a lot to see and do. And your photos are beautiful! I’m sold!

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A very helpful post. Thank you.

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i love these hidden places, they are the gems of the world! great info i love adventure and it seems like it is worth the trek to get here. adding to my bucket list thank you!

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I love biking around the city, so that would definitely be my preferred mode of transportation! I’d never heard of satras before so I’m glad I read about it here! I would love to visit one and see it for myself one day 🙂

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I’ve never heard of Majuli, but it seems like there is a lot to be discovered there. You’ve really created a comprehensive guide to the island, so much useful information. I’d love to bike around and explore 🙂

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Jitaditya, Very Useful informative post on Majuli. Not yet visit, hope soon visit. Dhanyabad 🙂

Pingback: Explore Majuli - The Largest River Island In The World | Awara Diaries

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Love learning about new spots, Majuli is sure a new place we have to plan! What a great guide of the island and biking around is definitely our way to do things!

' src=

I must say this is quite a convincing post about Majuli. I was always excited about visiting it ever since I learnt that it is an Island district and one of the biggest. The whole idea of traveling by a boat and exploring its villages sounds great to me. The history and the part about Satras was very interesting. I have more reasons to looks forward to Majuli and recommend it to others..

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There are so many hidden treasures in the interiors of india. I have spent my whole life here and there is so much more to see, including Majuli. Loved the piece about the satras… how interesting!!

' src=

I had been wanting to go to Majauli Island for a really long time. it’s a mecca for bird and nature lovers. You have written a really good detailed guide. I would definitely use it, whenever i plan to go.

' src=

Majuli looks like a pretty special place, I’ve got to admit. The journey that you’ve described to get there seems a bit arduous, but it also seems like it was totally worth it. Nice job putting together a very informative post.

' src=

Honestly, we had never heard about this place before, but after reading your post we know so much about it now! Thank you for sharing such an informative post on Majuli, it is definitely a piece of paradise as it looks like one from your captures…

' src=

Not heard of this place before, but this guide is so comprehensive it makes it worth trying to find! i love the idea that the boats have a price for elephants! (must be a big boat). Great post, great photos!

' src=

Majuli sounds absolutely amazing! I love that it’s such an adventurous destination too. Who doesn’t love a destination that you have to boat to? It looks so dreamy!

' src=

Its so sad about the erosion on the area, but very interesting facts about the local tribes. Would love to visit and cycle around and meeting local people would be the highlight of the visit, and drinking locally brewed alcohol.

' src=

That’s a quite complete guide for Majuli 😉 Congrats for gathering all the info! Love that you have to pay for your eggs on the boat 😕

' src=

I wonder how come I have not read about Majuli before. This looks so interesting. The white sand banks and all. Thank you for pointing this out. What a discovery. Hopefully it is still there, many, many more years because at the rate of the erosion it may disappear sometime in the future. Hope I can visit before though.

' src=

I’ve never heard of Majuli before but it sounds fascinating. How fast is it eroding? As in, will it be gone in a few years or not for hundreds of years? The island does look very rustic and provincial, it seems like a photographer’s dream.

' src=

Interesting, I don’t think I’ve visited a river island before! I love that the villages and towns feel authentic, and not so urban. We’re big bird lovers, so I would love to dedicate some time to bird watching in this area, and catch sight of some migratory birds like you did. Thanks for the heads up on avoiding monsoon season – I can’t imagine that would be any fun to be stuck in a flood!

I would love to stay in a bamboo cottage while on the island – thanks for such a comprehensive DIY guide!

' src=

I think that you have covered all questions that may arise during the planning process. I love that fact that a visit to Majuli combines adventure, nature and culture, three of my favorite things during trips. Cycling is also a big bonus for me too!

' src=

Amazing! I haven’t heard of Majuli before, to be honest I haven’t visited any river island either. I like the fact that getting to the Island is adventure by itself. I am not fan of bird watching, but I love strolling around the nature

' src=

Majuli is indeed a revelation. A gem of the North East. The North East is indeed replete with treasures like these. Your post is a complete guide to get to Majuli and is very helpful. It was fascinating to read about the Xatras. I did not know that India’s forest man lives in these parts.

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Explore Majuli

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Home > Explore > destinations > Majuli Island

Majuli Island

Often called the soul of Assam, Majuli, the world’s largest river island lies at the heart of Assam and surrounded by the tumultuous water of Brahmaputra River spreading over an area of 421 sq. km. Majuli has been the cultural capital and the cradle of Assamese culture for the past five hundred years. The island has also been the hub of Assamese neo-Vaishnavite culture, initiated around 16th century by the great Assamese saint-reformer Srimanta Sankerdeva and his disciple Madhavdeva. They initiated the tradition of Satras and these Satras have preserved Sattriya dance, literature, bhaona (theatre), dance forms, mask making and boat-making. Most of the islanders belong to three tribes-Mishing, Deori and Sonowal Kachari with the non-tribal Assamese comprising the rest. Apart from Satras or Vaishnavite monasteries, Majuli is famous for mask-making and has a tradition of pottery making.

The island has through ages have good learning centre for neo-Vaishnavite philosophy as well as dance, music, painting, sculpture and dramatics. Each of the existing 22 Satras is like a self-contained educational institution too, headed by a Satradhikar who is a learned scholar, writer, playwright, actor and performer, apart from being a social reformer.

Majuli welcomes you to a magical journey with beautiful landscapes around, peaceful nature of rural life and rich biodiversity of flora and fauna. It is a mystique place wrapped in its rich history and culture. A visit to Assam will surely be incomplete without travelling to Majuli.

Days Required to Cover

To explore this natural wonder, one would require two-three days to cover all the major places of interest in Majuli.

Things to do

Explore the rural and tribal lifestyle of the indigenous tribal communities and you can gather deep insights into the day-day life of the locals. While exploring Majuli, you can also have a visual treat to know the mystical dance form and move to the rhythm of Sattriya dance. You can also indulge yourself in fishing activities or watch the locals clutching the fishing nets ready to throw it into the water. One can take a tour in the boats to witness the serene beauty of the island.

Places to Visit

Auniati Satra, Dakhinpat Satra, Uttar Kamalabari Satra, Natun Kamalabari Satra Garamur Satra, Bengenati Satra, Samaguri Satra, Bhogpur Satra, Adi Alengi Satra, Alengi Satra and Salmora Pottery Village.

majuli assam tourism

Best Time to Visit

You can visit the island almost throughout the year but the best time to visit Majuli is during Raas Leela festival held in mid-November which is the main festival of Majuli with performances based on Lord Krishna.

This cultural town of Assam is famous for the largest River Island in the world. It is also known for Satras, mask-making, bhaona (theatre) and dance forms.

majuli assam tourism

Accommodation facilities

Majuli offers a various range of accommodations to enjoy the calmness and natural beauty. There are bamboo cottages, homestays available in Majuli. One can also stay at the Satras which have accommodation facilities for devotees and other visitors.

How to reach

Majuli is easily accessible by regular ferries that are available from Nimati Ghat, Jorhat. The nearest city to Majuli is Jorhat which is well connected by air and rail to the rest of the country. You can also hire a taxi, either from Jorhat or Majuli.

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States › Assam › Jorhat › Majuli Island

Majuli Island Jorhat

Majuli is the biggest river island in the world which is located on the Brahmaputra River in the state of Assam. This island is formed by the River Subansiri in the north and River Brahmaputra in the south. It has been known as the cultural capital of Assam ever since the 16th century. The main village of the Majuli Isand is Naghmar where many events and festivals are being held even today. This place being pollution free and covered by greenery on all sides is an environment-friendly destination. The festivals celebrated here are very colorful and vibrant which is the prime cause for which tourists from different parts of the country travel to this location. Raas Purnima is one such important event which people celebrate here in a grand manner. It is lovely to see the dance performance which is being organized on this day based on the life of Lord Krishna. The Paal Naam and Bathow Puja are the other notable festivals of Majuli. The destination has 22 Vaishnava Satras which were established during the 15th century. Many travelers visit these Satras each year and they are also the most famous tourist spots of the region. Some of the important Satras here are Dakhinpat Satra, Kamalabari Satra, and Garamurh Satra. Bird watching is another attraction which you will enjoy on your visit here.

Popular Things to do & See in and around

Majuli is a place which is known to grow about 100 different types of rice among which Komal Saul is a unique one. Do not miss out to taste this variety of rice on your visit to Majuli. Beautiful pottery and handloom items are also available here which are a must buy during holidays to this island.

Getting There

Majuli Isand is located about 20 kms from Jorhat. One can either hire a taxi or board a bus to reach the place from the Jorhat City.

Majuli Island Jorhat, Assam

Commuting within the place is not at all a problem and you will have an amazing experience to use the boat services available here in ample amount. Tourists may even rent bicycles to go around the places.

Best Time to Visit

The months of September to March are ideal for planning holidays at Majuli.

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Assam: Here’s how Majuli is preserving nature, culture and tradition

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Majuli in Assam, the world's largest river island, blends diverse cultural heritage, Vaishnavite traditions, and sustainable tourism. Despite erosion threats, the island's allure lies in its rich history and vibrant ecosystem, inv … Read more

Majuli in Assam, the world's largest river island, blends diverse cultural heritage, Vaishnavite traditions, and sustainable tourism. Despite erosion threats, the island's allure lies in its rich history and vibrant ecosystem, inviting travelers to explore its enchanting beauty. Read less

Assam: Here’s how Majuli is preserving nature, culture and tradition

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Assam: Here’s how Majuli is preserving nature, culture and tradition

Majuli in Assam, the world's largest river island, blends diverse cultural heritage, Vaishnavite traditions, and sustainable tourism. Despite erosion threats, the island's allure lies in its rich hist...

majuli assam tourism

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majuli assam tourism

Cycling through the ethnic Mising villages, rural farms, paddy fields etc is one of the best ways to experience the life and culture of the people living on the Island and this sort of eco-friendly culture learning tour has huge potential as a adventure lovers. Initiatives regarding this has already been started by some NGOs in collaboration with Assam Tourism Development Corporation (ATDC). In future, we will witness cycling in Majuli as a huge tourism booster for the Island district.

Outdoor Camping

Amidst the lush greenery, beside the fresh water river and rivulets, camping is always an attractive option and Majuli is already living up to its potential regarding the outdoor camping. Many eco-camps are already in functioning state throughout the island on regular basis. Camping as a tourism activity in Majuli will only enhance in future, if properly nurtured and monitored by administration.

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The industry experts emphasized the urgent need for sustainable tourism in India amid the global shift towards sustainability in travel, spurred by concerns over carbon footprint, water consumption, and pollution.

"We have a unique advantage that our sites and destinations have not been destroyed or distorted by mass tourism the way we see in some places in Europe and other parts of the world. Our travel has to have minimal or zero carbon footprint, water consumption has to be within manageable limits," said Ram Pratap Singh, eco-tourism entrepreneur, to ANI.

He said, "The chemicals and pollutants that are generated by the travel and tourism industry, the hotel industry, have to be controlled and converted into green affluence. And then the impact on the community, the people, it has to generate wealth and well-being"

The Ministry of Tourism has recognized the potential of sustainable tourism and formulated a 'National Strategy for Sustainable Tourism' to mainstream sustainability in the sector. Initiatives like the "Travel for LiFE" campaign aims to encourage responsible behaviour among domestic tourists, promoting mindful resource consumption while traveling.

Recent tourism data indicates a positive trend for India. In December 2023, over 10.7 lakh foreign tourists visited India, contributing a significant Rs 24,707 crore to the country's foreign exchange. However, the number of foreign tourist visits has declined in recent years, from 31.41 million in 2019 to 8.59 million in 2022, due to changing travel behaviours post-pandemic.

Despite this decline, eco-tourism presents an opportunity to attract foreign tourists back to India by offering sustainable travel experiences. With its pristine sites and destinations relatively untouched by mass tourism, India is well-positioned to capitalize on the global trend towards sustainable tourism.

According to industry experts, some of the famous Eco- tourism destinations in India are Sikkim -India's first fully organic state, Mawlynnong (Meghalaya)- one of the cleanest villages in Asia, Majuli in Assam, Matheran in Maharashtra and Thenmala (Kerala)- India's first ever eco-tourism destination.

As discussions on climate sustainability continue on the global stage, India stands at a crucial juncture to embrace sustainability in tourism. By seizing this opportunity, India can emerge as a leader in sustainable tourism, preserving its natural and cultural resources for future generations while fostering economic growth and community well-being. (ANI)

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Rural Life in Majuli

majuli assam tourism

Majuli, known to the rest of the world as the largest populated River Island, is also an ideal place for the worshiper of nature. However, it would be an injustice to introduce the Island to the world with that identity only as it also cherishes lot other unique features. The glory of Assam, Majuli is an abode of many rare species of nature, a meeting ground for different ethnic groups and their vibrant cultures. Various tribes , such as the Misings, the Deoris, the Sonowal Kacharis, the Mataks form an accountable part of its inhabitants have their respective cultural dance, music, arts, crafts, rites, rituals and functions, which intensify beauty and colour of the Island. Yet, another pride and glory of the Island is its Satra institutions founded by Mahapurush Sankardeva and Madhavdeva during the 16th century. These Satras achieved success not only in spreading spirituality among the people but it has manifold contribution to the glory of Assamese identity and culture. However, the identity as the largest populated River Island has been the main reason for the arrival of majority of the tourists. It is only when one set foot on the Island that they encounter the diverse colourful faces of the Island. While many tourist leave the Island without exploring and fathoming its diverse colours because of the absence of proper agenda to usher them. Majuli is situated within the present Assam (India) between 260 45/ N to 270 12/ N latitude and 930 39/ E to 940 35/ E longitude. Majuli original name was “Majali”. Towards its north lie the North-Lakhimpur and Dhemaji district, Sivsagar and Jorhat lie its east, Golaghat is the south of Majuli while Nagone and Sunitpur District lie towards its west. Majuli situated in the upper reaches of the Brahmaputra 630km upstream of the Indo-Bangladesh border and 1,100 from its mouth. Prior to 1950 the total area of Majuli was 1256 sq. km. Today total area of Majuli may be 425 sq. km. due to the continuous erosion of the river Brahmaputra. To north of Majuli blows the old stream of the Brahmaputra – the Luhit and Kherkatiya Suti. And on the south lies the Brahmaputra. The two extreme ends, the east and west have been marked by the bifurcation and amalgamation of the two channels of the mighty river. Its elevation from the mean sea level is 84.50 meters. The great earth quake of 1950 brought about astounding natural and geographical changes to the island and the Brahmaputra the left line of Majuli. The river bed swelled-up due to the disposition of silt and alluvium which resulted intense erosion, there by fracturing some fertile areas of the island Majuli now, therefore, a cluster of islands. Majuli falls under the tropical climate zone. However, the numerous wetlands, streams etc. endow Majuli with a sub-tropical climate. The island is a hot-spot of rare aquatic and non- aquatic flora and boasts of an abundance of medical plants and creepers, some of which are yeat be explored. Indeed, millions of migratory and indigenous bird heaven over Majuli‟s sky. The history of Majuli is interesting. According to Zugini Tuntra a Khetrya named Dharmpal came from west and founded a kingdom with its capital Guwahati. He was succeeded by Padma Narayan, Chandra Narayan and then by Ram Chandra, whose capital was situated at Ratanpur, Majuli. In the Deepikachand it is mentioned that Ratanapur was perhaps washed away owing to changes in the course of the Brahmaputra. In about 1189 A.D. Gouri Narayan of the Bodo tribe of Sino-Tibetan origin founded the dynasty with the capital at Ratanpur and assumed the name of Ratnadhurajpal. Ratanpur was situated near the Kherkatiya Suti on the south bank of the Lohit. As the two channels were flowing on either sides of Ratanpur, it was also known as Majali or Majuli.

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India has the opportunity to lead the world in eco-tourism: experts.

India has the opportunity to lead the world in eco-tourism: Experts

By Nikhil DedhaNew Delhi [India], April 27 (ANI): India has a unique opportunity to lead the way in eco-tourism, setting itself apart from regions like Europe that have faced the consequences of mass tourism. With vast potential largely untapped, India's tourism sector stands poised for growth, particularly through eco-tourism initiatives.

The industry experts emphasized the urgent need for sustainable tourism in India amid the global shift towards sustainability in travel, spurred by concerns over carbon footprint, water consumption, and pollution.

"We have a unique advantage that our sites and destinations have not been destroyed or distorted by mass tourism the way we see in some places in Europe and other parts of the world. Our travel has to have minimal or zero carbon footprint, water consumption has to be within manageable limits," said Ram Pratap Singh, eco-tourism entrepreneur, to ANI.

He said, "The chemicals and pollutants that are generated by the travel and tourism industry, the hotel industry, have to be controlled and converted into green affluence. And then the impact on the community, the people, it has to generate wealth and well-being"The Ministry of Tourism has recognized the potential of sustainable tourism and formulated a 'National Strategy for Sustainable Tourism' to mainstream sustainability in the sector. Initiatives like the "Travel for LiFE" campaign aims to encourage responsible behaviour among domestic tourists, promoting mindful resource consumption while traveling.

Recent tourism data indicates a positive trend for India. In December 2023, over 10.7 lakh foreign tourists visited India, contributing a significant Rs 24,707 crore to the country's foreign exchange. However, the number of foreign tourist visits has declined in recent years, from 31.41 million in 2019 to 8.59 million in 2022, due to changing travel behaviours post-pandemic.

Despite this decline, eco-tourism presents an opportunity to attract foreign tourists back to India by offering sustainable travel experiences. With its pristine sites and destinations relatively untouched by mass tourism, India is well-positioned to capitalize on the global trend towards sustainable tourism.

According to industry experts, some of the famous Eco- tourism destinations in India are Sikkim -India's first fully organic state, Mawlynnong (Meghalaya)- one of the cleanest villages in Asia, Majuli in Assam, Matheran in Maharashtra and Thenmala (Kerala)- India's first ever eco-tourism destination.

ANI 27th April 2024, 21:03 GMT+10

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As wetlands of Assam’s Majuli island go dry, ecology thrown out of balance

Bird populations are declining while residents are struggling to catch fish amid a threat to livelihoods..

As wetlands of Assam’s Majuli island go dry, ecology thrown out of balance

Legend has it that in a village on the island of Majuli in Assam, whenever someone needed something, they would go to a nearby beel (wetland) and pray to the water god (devata) and their wish would be fulfilled. Even today, the wetland is known as Bhakati beel, meaning “the beel of devotion”.

“Symbolically, this legend shows the significance of wetlands in the life of the people of Majuli,” says Gobin Kumar Khound, a writer and local environmental activist in the island. “Beels are the arteries of Majuli.”

Situated in the middle of the Brahmaputra, the landscape of Majuli is dotted with a string of beels. The variety of these wetlands is so rich that there’s an elaborate indigenous taxonomy of water bodies in Majuli.

In the book , Slow Disaster: Political Ecology of Hazards and Everyday Life in the Brahmaputra Valley, Assam (2023), political ecologist Mitul Barua writes, local people in Majuli divide the wetlands into many categories depending on their size and characteristics, such as beel, jan, suti, erasuti, dubi, ghuli, hola, pitoni and so on .

“A string of beels in a landscape indicates the presence of major rivers in it in the past, which may have migrated channels over time. Majuli is a classic case of that, given the elaborate network of beels found all over the island,” writes Barua .

In 1917, there were 49 named streams draining Majuli , which decreased to seven by 1972. Today, there’s only one drainage channel, Kakorikata, that drains the whole of Majuli. And Tuni, the only river in Majuli, that once meandered through the island like a serpent has ceased to flow.

Sand deposits and silt have choked water bodies across the island. Larger wetlands have reduced in size and many smaller ones have disappeared.

A combination of factors is contributing to the decline of wetlands in Majuli, including building of embankments and consequent lack of natural flood water circulation in large parts of the island, expansion of agriculture and infrastructure and erosion.

The lifeline of Majuli

Beels are the primary wetlands in Majuli. A beel is a billabong or a lake-like wetland with static water, typically formed by the inundation of low-lying lands during flooding where some water gets trapped even after floodwaters recede. Beels are perennial water bodies.

In the upper Brahmaputra valley, where Majuli is located, a large number of people depend on a range of ecosystem services provided by wetlands. According to a study published in the Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics in 2022, an estimated 200,000 people depend on fishing activities in the wetlands of the region.

In Majuli, beels ensured food security of the local populace, including marginal communities such as the Mishing and the Koibartta. However, with the decline of the wetlands, fish production in Majuli has reduced drastically over the past few decades.

Tilak Chandra Sarmah, a grassroots conservationist in Majuli, says, “Now the situation is so dire that if there is ujan [shoaling or schooling of fish] in a beel that has only a small number of fishes, hundreds of people will queue for a catch.”

The scarcity of local fish in Majuli is so high that for the last several years, fish has been imported to meet the local demand, adds Sarmah.

The decline of wetlands has impacted other local livelihoods as well. As wetland areas in Majuli decrease, the local demand for boats has dwindled, forcing traditional boat-makers of the island to look for other occupations, states a 2020 study on the impacts of wetland degradation on local livelihoods in Majuli.

majuli assam tourism

Paradise for birds in decline

Majuli’s fertile floodplains and once highly productive wetlands used to provide an ideal habitat for a plethora of resident and migratory birds, more than 250 species .

Historically, the wetlands of Majuli were well known for birds, and Ahom monarchs used to visit the island for falconry. One such historical bird habitat in the island is Sorai Chung wetland. Considered as an Important Bird Area (IBA) , local communities believe Sorai Chung to be one of the oldest royal bird sanctuaries in the world.

Khound, who has recently published a novel titled Sorai Chung set in the history of the area, says that this historical wetland has now shrunk to about 5 square kilometres.

“The shrinkage of the wetlands has led to a decrease in the water bird population in Majuli,” Shyamal Saikia, a research scholar at Assam University who is working on grassland birds of Majuli, says. “Decrease in the fish population in beels has in turn impacted the birds dependent on fish.”

In Ujani Majuli revenue circle, migratory birds frequent wetlands like Bordoloni, Aaroi Khowa, Bokajan, Goriya Beel, Sengeli Mora, Gelgeli, Koroiyoni, Xoriyohtoli, Nangoli Mukh, Aamguri, Kotai, Rotiram Jan, Kotai Nahoroni, Sorola Pothar. Many of these wetlands are under encroachment.

Nevertheless, Saikia says that some wetlands are still in healthy condition and have the potential for development of sustainable ecotourism.

“Unfortunately,” writes political ecologist Barua in Slow Disaster , “despite the presence of hundreds of beels in Majuli, some of them with great historical and ecological significance, none of the beels have been designated as a Ramsar site. Such a recognition could have perhaps helped conserve these wetlands better.”

majuli assam tourism

1950 earthquake, series of floods

In 1950, an earthquake of 8.6 Richter scale, changed the Brahmaputra valley, including Majuli’s wetlands, forever. The earthquake radically reconfigured the courses and configurations of the Brahmaputra and its tributaries, and raised the riverbed of the Brahmaputra by a few metres.

In his account, The Great Assam Earthquake 1950 , Frank Kingdon-Ward, a British botanist who was travelling to the upper reaches of the region at the time, stated that the earthquake resulted in multiple landslides in the hills and the rivers got flooded with enormous amounts of sediments, which led to a change in the river pattern.

Following the earthquake of 1950, three heavy floods occurred during 1951, 1954, and 1962, the last being the most severe according to the people of Majuli.

A 2014 study states that Majuli has lost a huge area “due to combined effects of earthquake and consequent deposition of excessive sediment in river bed transported from the geologically fragile upper hilly catchments causing the river to braid erratically.”

Locals say that several wetlands turned shallow following the earthquake of 1950, ultimately leading to drying up of the water.

“For example, Pahumara jan was a run-off from the Tuni river and flowed to the Kherkatia suti,” says Sarmah. “Now, Pahumara jan has transformed into a patchwork of paddy fields and a few small water bodies called dubi . ”

Similarly, Polonga beel and Phuloni beel, located in Phuloni, have shrunk considerably following the earthquake of 1950. Parts of these wetlands have now been turned into agricultural fields. Locals say, about 50 years ago, Polonga beel was a favourite spot for resident and migratory birds.

Yet another wetland, Gela beel, has vanished as a result of the geomorphological changes triggered by the 1950 earthquake.

Erosion and embankments

According to government data , Majuli has reduced in size from 1,250 square kilometre at the beginning of the 20th century to 483 square kilometre by 2014.

Many wetlands have been lost to erosion. For example, Keturi beel, located to the east of Salmora, behind a village called Lahkar Gaon, has been lost to erosion. No traces are left of Lahkar Gaon and Keturi beel.

Erosion-induced migration and increasing population pressure as the island continues to lose its landmass, have triggered encroachment on wetlands. “With pressure on land increasing, people have turned several wetlands into paddy fields and homestead,” says Khound.

More than 100 kilometres of embankments have been constructed in Majuli as part of flood prevention measures . All water channels, which are linked with the Brahmaputra and other major rivers, have been blocked by embankments surrounding the island.

“This has divided the island into two distinct geographies,” says Jaya Kalita Gogoi, assistant professor of geography in Majuli College. “The area inside the embankments has stopped seeing natural flood, while areas outside the embankments experience heavy flood.”.

Consequently, silt deposits, water hyacinth, grass, and solid waste accumulated over the years has made wetlands inside the embankments shallow, impacting aquatic life. “Certain amount of flooding is necessary to keep the beels alive, while excessive flooding may be harmful,” says Gogoi.

On the other hand, when floods breach embankments, it leads to heavy siltation in these wetlands.

One morning in September 2023, thousands of fish turned dead in Kakorikata beel , a large wetland in the Chilakola area of the island. Local forest officials said this was caused by lack of oxygen in the wetland, as the beel was choked by sand deposits, solid waste, and water hyacinth.

Some water bodies are being dug as part of the Amrit Sarovar Scheme in order to rejuvenate.

“However, only time will tell what results this scheme yields,” Sarmah says. “What is concerning is that no environmental agency is involved in the scheme’s implementation.”

Further, there’s a concern that schemes like this may turn parts of natural wetlands to culture fisheries .

Potential solutions

“The potential solution,” according to Sarmah, “is to make the natural water flow happen through Majuli.”

“Revival of the Tuni river is vital for the survival and rejuvenation of Majuli’s wetlands as all the beels are connected to this river,” Sarmah says. “The major water bodies should be made weed-free and degraded bodies de-silted.”

Tuni, the only river in Majuli, has been blocked by an embankment towards its lower reaches in a place called Patia. As a result, the river’s capacity to flow has reduced considerably, and water hyacinth, sand deposits, and waste materials have choked the river and slowly pushed it to death.

“While constructing embankments and infrastructures, it needs to be ensured that natural floodwater is able to enter the landscape and pass through it,” Sarmah adds.

This article was first published on Mongabay .

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  3. Majuli Tourism (Assam) (2024)

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    Jorhat Railway Station (43 kms) Majuli is one of the world's largest river island located on River Brahmaputra in the North East Indian state of Assam. The picturesque locale and the vibrant culture that the island boasts of make it one of the most coveted tourist destinations in Assam. From fragments of Ahom history and culture and strong ...

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    An Insight into Majuli Tourism in Assam Majuli, in the state of Assam is the biggest river island of the world, situated on River Bramhaputra. The total area of this island district, which is also the first of its kind in the country, was once spread in an area of 1256 square kilometer, but now it has reduced to only 875 square kilometers, as ...

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    A comprehensive Majuli Travel Blog with all the details you need to visit this island. To reach Majuli, the largest river island in the world, you have to take a boat ride. A person has to pay INR 15 (~ $ .25) for a one-way trip. Rates are different for different things. Two-wheelers are not expensive but four-wheelers cost you INR 700. Rates differ for cows, horses, pigs, goats, chicken ...

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    Majuli is pure, still untouched by the modern world and mindless tourism. GETTING THERE. You need to catch a ferry to Majuli from Assam's Jorhat, the isle's closest, well-connected city. You can fly to Jorhat from Guwahati or Kolkata. Take an autorickshaw or bus from Jorhat Airport to Nimati Ghat (19 km), the ferry departure point.

  10. Majuli Tourism

    Majuli Tourism - Get Majuli travel & tourism related information including tourist places, transport, nightlife, weather, photos, entertainment, shopping, festivals, maps, and attractions of ...

  11. Majuli Tourism (2024): All You Need to Know Before You Go

    Eco-Camp Me: Po Okum (Happy House) 31. River View Bamboo Cottage. 2. Dekasang Resort. 26. Majuli Tourism: Tripadvisor has 412 reviews of Majuli Hotels, Attractions, and Restaurants making it your best Majuli Tourism resource.

  12. About Us

    The Story behind Majuli Tourism… Majuli is the silent paradise of nature and which is acknowledged as the biggest inhabited river island of the world is situated at the Assam (India) between 26°45′ N to 27°12′ latitude and 93°39′ E to 94°35′ E longitude.

  13. Majuli

    Mājuli or Majuli (mazuli) is a large river island located in Assam, India.It is formed by the Brahmaputra River to the south and east, the Subansiri River to the west and an anabranch of the Brahmaputra River called Kherkutia Xuti to the North.. The island is inhabited by members of the Mising, Deori and Sonowal Kachri tribes and is a hub of Assamese neo-Vaishnavite culture.

  14. Tourist Information Centre Majuli

    Tourist Information Centre Majuli. Last Updated on: July 30, 2022. To promote and assist the tourist visiting to Majuli, Department of Tourism, Govt. of Assam has set up a Tourist Information Centre at Kamalabari, Majuli. Over the years, both the Central and State Govt. of Assam had identified and executed several large, medium and minor ...

  15. Places

    The Majuli Tourism becomes the diplomate of Majuli Island after the hard working of Mr. Jyoti Narayan Sarma since 2001, who has started his journey in the tourism sector with his friends from his college days through providing the free of cost service to the visitors and backpacker tourist. After gathering the experiences in the Tourism sector Mr. Jyoti Narayan Sarma has unofficially started ...

  16. Majuli Tourism

    Of Assam. The Lonley planet India, Rough Guides India ,has also recognised his work towards the tourism sector. Mr, Jyoti has been awarded with the prestigious award of the State Tourism Promotion Award-2014 due to his innovative and hard work for promoting Majuli Tourism as well as Assam Tourism with the coverage of entire North-East India ...

  17. Awesome Assam

    Often called the soul of Assam, Majuli, the world's largest river island lies at the heart of Assam and surrounded by the tumultuous water of Brahmaputra River spreading over an area of 421 sq. km. Majuli has been the cultural capital and the cradle of Assamese culture for the past five hundred years. The island has also been the hub of ...

  18. Majuli Island Assam

    Jorhat. Majuli is the biggest river island in the world which is located on the Brahmaputra River in the state of Assam. This island is formed by the River Subansiri in the north and River Brahmaputra in the south. It has been known as the cultural capital of Assam ever since the 16th century. The main village of the Majuli Isand is Naghmar ...

  19. Assam: Here's how Majuli is preserving nature, culture and tradition

    Majuli in Assam, the world's largest river island, blends diverse cultural heritage, Vaishnavite traditions, and sustainable tourism. Despite erosion threats, the island's allure lies in its rich ...

  20. Majuli

    It is the world's largest river island, drawing visitors from all over the world. Majuli is also a strong contender for inclusion on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Majuli's culture is distinct, as it is mostly populated by Tribals. It is also known as Assam's cultural capital. The events held here are all filled with pleasure and vibrancy, as ...

  21. Adventure Tourism

    In future, we will witness cycling in Majuli as a huge tourism booster for the Island district. Amidst the lush greenery, beside the fresh water river and rivulets, camping is always an attractive option and Majuli is already living up to its potential regarding the outdoor camping. Many eco-camps are already in functioning state throughout the ...

  22. India has the opportunity to lead the world in eco-tourism: Experts

    Recent tourism data indicates a positive trend for India. In December 2023, over 10.7 lakh foreign tourists visited India, contributing a significant Rs 24,707 crore to the country's foreign exchange.

  23. India has the opportunity to lead the world in eco-tourism: Experts

    Recent tourism data indicates a positive trend for India. In December 2023, over 10.7 lakh foreign tourists visited India, contributing a significant Rs 24,707 crore to the country's foreign exchange. ... Majuli in Assam, Matheran in Maharashtra and Thenmala (Kerala)- India's first ever eco-tourism destination. As discussions on climate ...

  24. Rural Life in Majuli

    The Majuli Tourism becomes the diplomate of Majuli Island after the hard working of Mr. Jyoti Narayan Sarma since 2001, who has started his journey in the tourism sector with his friends from his college days through providing the free of cost service to the visitors and backpacker tourist. After gathering the experiences in the Tourism sector Mr. Jyoti Narayan Sarma has unofficially started ...

  25. India has the opportunity to lead the world in eco-tourism: Experts

    According to industry experts, some of the famous Eco- tourism destinations in India are Sikkim -India's first fully organic state, Mawlynnong (Meghalaya)- one of the cleanest villages in Asia, Majuli in Assam, Matheran in Maharashtra and Thenmala (Kerala)- India's first ever eco-tourism destination.

  26. Assam: Wetlands of Majuli island go dry, ecological balance thrown out

    In the book, Slow Disaster: Political Ecology of Hazards and Everyday Life in the Brahmaputra Valley, Assam (2023), political ecologist Mitul Barua writes, local people in Majuli divide the ...