how does one travel to antarctica

• Search Please fill out this field.
• Manage Your Subscription
• Give a Gift Subscription
• Sweepstakes
• Travel Tips

How to Visit Antarctica

From how to get there to what to pack, here's what you need to know about visiting Antarctica.

Meena Thiruvengadam is a lifelong traveler and veteran journalist who has visited more than 50 countries across six continents. Her writing has appeared in The Wall Street Journal , Departures , TripSavvy , and other publications.

There is at least one place left on earth where you really can disconnect: Antarctica.

There is no mobile phone service. There are no town squares, no restaurants, and no tourist traps. The local "airports" are really just ice or gravel landing strips.

Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia and mostly covered with a thick sheet of ice. It's one of the most remote destinations in the world and the trip of a lifetime for many travelers. It's also easier to travel to Antarctica than one might think.

Lars-Eric Lindblad first took a group of 57 visitors to Antarctica in 1966. "At that time it was more or less like accomplishing a moon landing," his son Sven-Olof Lindblad said. "In those days, we were not as prepared as we are now. There were no satellite ice charts. You were not that different navigationally from the early explorers."

Even now it can be hard to really understand Antarctica. It is the coldest and windiest place on earth and, by some measures, the driest. It has no currency of its own. It is a desert with no trees, no bushes, and no permanent residents. More meteorites are found in Antarctica than in any other place in the world.

"Antarctica is about the wildest place you can go on the planet," Lindblad said.

It's also an increasingly popular place to visit. According to the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators , tourism more than doubled from 2010 to 2020.

"The conversation around climate change has elevated people's interest and created a sense of urgency," Lindblad said.

The Best Times to Go to Antarctica

The Antarctic travel season lasts from November through March, the Antarctic summer. Temperatures are often below freezing at this time of year, especially in the continent's interior, but they can reach as high as 50 degrees Fahrenheit.

The best time for penguin spotting is late December or early January. Wait too long and previously pristine penguin colonies get dirty and smelly, said Nik Horncastle , a regional specialist with Audley Travel. For peak whale watching, try February or March.

Other activities, including snowshoeing, kayaking, skiing, camping, snorkeling, diving, and visits to historic sites from earlier expeditions, can be experienced throughout the season.

How to Get to Antarctica

One of the more common routes to Antarctica is by ship via Ushuaia, a city at the southern tip of Argentina. Several companies, including Hurtigruten Expeditions , Quark Expeditions , and Lindblad's namesake Lindblad Expeditions , specialize in Antarctic and polar cruising, offering journeys that range in length from just over a week to a full month and beyond.

On board, expect to mingle with scientists, naturalists, historians, and underwater specialists. "The onboard experience is a conversation around where you are and what does this place mean," Lindblad said. Internet service via satellite is available but comes with a hefty price tag.

Antarctica is one place where smaller boats offer a big advantage. "We don't recommend a boat over 200 people," Horncastle said. "Big boats can only stop at a few sites."

That said, if you want to visit Antarctica on a traditional cruise line, many major carriers can get you there — often on vessels that adhere to that fewer-than-200-guests rule of thumb. Some more affordable lines, like Norwegian and Royal Caribbean , stick to "cruise-only" itineraries, which sail along the Antarctic coast (and offer great views in the process) but don't allow disembarkation on the continent. A number of others, though, from Viking Cruises and Disney Cruise Line to Ponant and Silversea , take passengers right into the Antarctic interior, thanks to on-shore excursions and ships with icebreaker capabilities.

Booking an Antarctica Expedition

Expect to spend between $6,000 and $50,000 to visit Antarctica, depending on the length of the trip and the level of luxury you seek.

"It's an expensive trip," Horncastle said — but there are options if you're traveling on a budget.

Intrepid Travel and G Adventures both specialize in affordable trips to Antarctica, and neither requires single supplements for solo travelers. If you don't feel the need to set foot on the continent, you can also opt for a sightseeing flight. These flights, which cut costs by flying over Antarctica without stopping there, are available from most major cities in Australia at prices that start around $1,200 per person.

To both fly over and step onto the continent, Antarctica21 combines a two-hour flight from Chile with cruises that passengers can board in Antarctica. While this option doesn't give visitors the chance to cruise the famous Drake Passage, it does save time and minimize the risk of seasickness.

"The Drake Passage is a crossing full of unpredictable conditions," said Antarctica21's Francesco Contini. "When the crossing is rough, passengers tend to be not very comfortable."

Packing List for Antarctica

• Knee-high waterproof boots
• Waterproof pants
• A warm parka
• Waterproof gloves
• Warm base layers
• Extra socks
• A tight-fitting beanie
• A warm scarf
• A camera and lenses
• Seasickness medication

TRAVEL to ANTARCTICA – Tips and Information Guide (2024 Update)

Here is our complete guide to tell you everything you need to know to travel to Antarctica, based on our experiences of visiting and working on the White Continent six times. 

It may just be the number one bucket list adventure for millions of people around the world – travelling to Antarctica!

The remoteness and expense of this incredible destination makes it an unrealised dream for many, but we’re here to help you on your journey to experience it for yourself!

The White Continent is a truly unique place. From its phenomenal landscapes to diverse wildlife, nowhere else on the planet comes close to its beauty.

And that’s not the only things that make it unique. From a political point of view, did you know that there it is the only continent on earth with no official government and no permanent residents?

That’s because in 1959 a couple of countries signed a treaty that over 40 nations follow to this day.

Visiting Antarctica is an experience that everyone should have at least once in their lifetime.

Whether you would love to hang around with emperor penguins or go  kayaking in the company of humpback whales , or perhaps even climb one of the world’s seven highest summits, there are plenty of reasons to want to pack your bags and  t ravel to Antarctica !

So read carefully and find out why you should stock up on chocolate, what you should bring on your expedition and how to make the most of your trip!

Antarctica Travel Guide

We’ve been lucky enough to travel to Antarctica 6 times, with more trips booked in the near future, and we can safely say it was by the far the most incredible place we have ever visited.

That being said, it’s not an easy trip to make, and it’s especially not a cheap one, so if you’re lucky enough to have the opportunity to embark on a voyage, you’ll be one of only 100,000 people a year that actually visit!

In order to get the most out of your trip you need to be well prepared, so make sure to read through our detailed and informative  Antarctica Travel Guide .

After our very successful tour to Antarctica this season, we are going to be running another exclusive adventure down to the Peninsula in 2025, this time crossing the Antarctic Circle! Check out the  tour page  if you’d like to learn more.

Planning on exploring other parts of the polar regions? Don’t miss our brand new complete guide to help you  travel to South Georgia !

Best Antarctica Cruise – Ultimate Guide to Who & How [2024]

17 awesome things to do in antarctica (2024 guide), quark ultramarine review – best polar expedition ship [2024], travelling in antarctica: at a glance.

Here are the basics about travel to Antarctica.

Main Destinations

South Shetland Islands, Port Lockroy, Errera Channel, Lemaire Channel, King George Island

Primarily USD on ships.

ENTRY / VISA:

Visitors to Antarctica do not require a visa, however permits are necessary. These will be acquired on your behalf by the tour operator you are travelling with.

English, Spanish, Russian and others depending on the bases.

Travelling to Antarctica comes with inherent risks such as cold weather exposure and possible wildlife encounters. The remoteness of the destination means medical assistance is not instant. All tour operators have trained medical professionals onboard and will mitigate risks to the best of their ability.

ELECTRICITY:

Depends on the ship you are travelling on.

TRANSPORTATION:

The only commercial airport is on King George Island, with charter flights available from Punta Arenas, Chile. Transport around the continent for tourists is primarily done onboard expedition ships and zodiacs.

Don’t Forget to Pack the Most Important Thing: Travel Insurance !

TOP 5 TRAVEL EXPERIENCES IN ANTARCTICA

With so much to see and do in Antarctica, it really is hard to pick the top experiences.

However, we think that to truly appreciate Antarctica you need to plan to do these 5 activities during your visit.

Step Foot on the Continent

The quintessential experience for anybody visiting Antarctica is to officially step foot on the seventh continent. Make sure you book a tour on a ship that carries less than 500 people (less than 200 ideally) to ensure you can do this.

See our recommended Antarctica cruise operators here .

Go Kayaking or SUPing

Zodiac cruises and shore landings are incredible, but nothing quite beat the silence and connection to nature that you get from kayaking!

Read about how to go kayaking in Antarctica .

Camp Under the Stars

If you love adventure and want real bragging rights, you need to experience the fun of camping the night amongst penguins and icebergs.

Learn about camping in Antarctica .

Do the Polar Plunge

Who would jump off of a perfectly good ship into the frigid Southern Ocean? You, you absolute badass! And you’ll get pictures to prove it.

Zodiac Cruise with Whales

In our opinion, the zodiac cruises you take in Antarctica are often better than the shore landings, particularly if you have epic wildlife encounters. Travel late season for humpback whales!

How to Get to Antarctica

EXCLUSIVE – We have partnered with the world’s top polar tour operator, Quark Expeditions, to offer readers of NOMADasaurus a very special deal on any trip to Antarctica or the Arctic! Contact us ([email protected]) if you’d like to learn more.

READ MORE: Check out our latest guide on how to choose the  best Antarctica cruise !

Departures from South America

• Port Stanley in the Falkland Islands
• Puta Arenas in Chile
• Buenos Aires in Argentina
• Santiago in Chile

Departures from New Zealand & Australia

Can you fly to antarctica.

BE SURE TO CHECK OUT THESE  OTHER AMAZING THINGS TO DO IN ANTARCTICA

READ MORE...

What to Wear in Antarctica – Ultimate Travel Packing List

Sea kayaking in antarctica – the ultimate guide for 2024, the ultimate guide to camping in antarctica (2024), crossing the drake passage to antarctica (how bad is it), how to travel to antarctica responsibly (must read), best places to visit in antarctica.

There are plenty of amazing places to visit in Antarctica, and while you are limited to where the ship can go based on weather conditions and permits, every location is sure to blow your mind.

At just 1600m wide, the Lemaire Channel is one of the most spectacular vistas on the entire Antarctic Peninsula. Navigating through is never guaranteed, but if conditions allow, it’s an experience you’ll never forget.

Cuverville Island

Cuverville Island lies between the Errera Channel and the Gerlache Strait, and is home to over 7,000 breeding pairs of gentoo penguins.

Deception Island

Deception Island is the caldera of an active volcano, and skilled captains can sail their expedition ships right into the heart of it. It is home to an old, abandoned whaling station.

Hanusse Bay, Antarctic Circle

Hanusse Bay lies south of the Antarctic Circle, and is a wintry, iceberg-riddled and wildlife-dense location on the Peninsula.

Visa Requirements for Antarctica

Antarctica doesn’t belong to any one government or jurisdiction, and for that reason, no visas are required.

That being said though citizens of nations that have signed the Antarctica Treaty’s Protocol on Environment Protection (USA, Canada, EU and Australia) are required to get prior permission before visiting.

Don’t worry though, as this is organised through your licensed tour operator.

5 Interesting Facts About Antarctica

• It’s the coldest continent in the world, with the temperatures in wintertime dropping below -73°C (-100°F). The lowest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica, and it was a very balmy -89.2°C (-128.6°F).
• There are no permanent residents of Antarctica, only transit residents (around 1,000), that are usually scientists or workers living in different research stations spread all over Antarctica
• Since Antarctica is situated in the southern hemisphere, winter is from May to October, and summer is from November to April.
• Antarctica is actually a desert! That might be surprising to a lot of people, because when we think of deserts we think of hot, dry, large sand surfaces. Since it doesn’t rain or snow in Antarctica it’s considered a polar desert.
• Antarctica holds 90% of the world’s fresh water!

Keen to learn more? Check out our full list of our favourite  facts about Antarctica !

The Best Time to Travel to Antarctica

Unless you are working for a government organisation, the only time to travel to Antarctica is in the summer.

But what month should you visit in? Well that depends on what you want to see, and what your expectations are.

Read our complete guide on the  best time to visit Antarctica , or read on for more information.

Some may argue that early season is actually the best time to visit Antarctica, because you can see it in its most undisturbed form.

After the long, cold winter, the landscape is covered in a fresh blanket of snow and ice, leaving everything looking clean and pristine (and quite other-worldy).

In terms of wildlife it’s possible to see whales, but not as much as later in the season as the water temperatures are still too cold.

If you visit at this time of year though expect to see lots of penguins, seals and birds.

The main downside to coming in November is that the temperatures are lower and polar ice is still breaking up, which means some areas of the continent are not accessible.

Peak Season – December to February

The peak season coincides with the brief summer, and is by far the most popular time to visit the continent.

Temperatures are at their highest and you get up to 20 hours of sunlight a day!

Whales are starting to visit the waters, baby penguins are plentiful, the birdlife is incredible and you’ll have a much better chance at seeing Antarctica with blue skies.

When we say it is the most popular time to visit though, we mean it. While the tour operators are strictly controlled to where and when they can visit certain areas, you may see other ships around and the foot traffic at the popular spots like Deception Island is much higher.

March to Early April

Late summer in Antarctica is the best time for whale spotting, and while a lot of the other animals have started their migration, you’ll see huge amounts of humpbacks, whales and minkes frolicking in the waters.

This time of year you will have access to almost all areas as the polar ice would have melted.

But with the temperatures slowly starting to drop as the season transitions to winter, it can be unpredictable, and snow storms are more frequent.

We personally believe travelling in the shoulder season is best!

Travel Itineraries Suggestions

When you book your trip to Antarctica your itinerary is more or less determined by whichever journey you sign up for. You can’t deviate from this, so it’s important to pick an itinerary that encompasses everything you’d like to see and do.

Most standard Antarctica itineraries start and finish in Ushuaia, and go for 10 days. This includes 2 days each way to cross the Drake Passage, and a few days exploring the Antarctic Peninsula.

If you have more time, and would like to see extra places, we recommend looking for a voyage that visits the Falkland Islands and South Georgia as well. These kind of trips usually last for around 17-20 days.

These archipelagos have tremendous wildlife viewing opportunities, and are filled with fascinating history, such as the story of Sir Ernest Shackleton.

If you want a very in-depth Antarctic Peninsula adventure, you can look at crossing the Antarctic Circle, but only a few select companies do this mission.

We crossed the Circle in 2024 with Quark Expeditions and it was an incredible experience.

Budget for Travelling to Antarctica

We’re going to level with you – A tour to Antarctica is not cheap.

But when you compare everything you get to see and do, as well the remote location of the destination and just what is involved on an expedition, it is actually quite fair.

You can expect to spend anywhere from USD$500 per day right up to $3,000 per day, and this depends completely on the itinerary, the company and the type of berth you want to sleep in on the ship.

If you’re looking to save money on an Antarctica tour, the only way you can do this is to book a ticket last-minute.

Different Styles of Antarctica Tour Packages

When you’re doing your research on trips to Antarctica you might be amazed to see a huge difference in price from one company to the next. So why the fluctuation?

This often comes down to two things – the quality of the ship you will be travelling on, and the reputation of the company.

Cheap Antarctica Tours

Not all companies are created equal, and you need to take this into consideration when booking your trip. If a tour company is super cheap, there’s probably a reason for that.

The service of leaders and staff might not be as good, the ship might be much older, and you might only get a limited number of days on the actual continent.

We’ve seen trips for as cheap as USD$5000. Remember though, you get what you pay for.

Our Secret Tip –  Want to go with a reputable and responsible company to Antarctica, but aren’t ready to pay huge amounts? Book the cheapest cabin on the ship.

You still get the exact same service, same guides, same destinations, same activities, except you’re not paying a huge amount for a fancy room. And the truth is you won’t be spending much time in your cabin anyway, so save your money and just book a cheap berth with a good company.

There are plenty of luxury cruise ships that visit Antarctica, and if this is what you’re into, then perfect.

These ships will have all the creature comforts you’d expect to find on a high-end cruise ship, with hot tubs, swimming pools, masseuses, elevators, etc.

Luxury Antarctic cruises might include charter flight tickets to the Ushuaia too, so you can avoid any complicated flight itineraries and add maximum comfort during your trip.

Sometimes they are part of longer South America trips that start in places like Montevideo in Uruguay or Buenos Aires, and finishing up in Valparaiso in Chile.

But these tailor-made experiences comes at a hefty price, which can go up to $25’000 (or more)!

Is this the best way to visit Antarctica? In our opinion, sometimes – it depends.

You do get what you pay for. You’ll have a newer, better ship with nicer cabins, higher quality food and potentially more experienced expedition staff.

We’ve travelled at both ends of the spectrum – on super budget trips with companies like Intrepid, and high-end luxury ships with Quark Expeditions.

Both had their pros and cons. It comes down to your budget.

Last Minute Antarctica Cruises

So what about these last minute Antarctica cruises that people talk about? Is it really possible to cruise to Antarctica for less than USD$5000?

Short answer, yes. However last minute means last minute, and you’ll often have to travel to Ushuaia and register your interest with a number of tour operators in the town.

If an opening comes up (such as someone cancelling their trip) you’ll be on a waiting list to join the tour. But you may only be given a day or two’s notice, and you may end up spending a week or more down in Ushuaia waiting to hear.

A family we met managed to score some last-minute Antarctica tickets after waiting more than 3 weeks in Patagonia, and when they got the word that it was happening they had 36 hours to drop everything and get to Ushuaia in time to jump onboard.

If you have the time and funds to stay down in southern Patagonia for a few weeks this can be a viable way to visit Antarctica cheaply.

Can I Work on a Cruise Ship to Antarctica?

Yes, you absolutely can. But the idea that you can literally just show up at the dock and get a job cleaning rooms or working in a kitchen is unfortunately not true.

The employees of these companies have months of training and maritime-grade certifications before they are sent on a trip to Antarctica and often have to sign long contracts.

Sorry, to be bearer of bad news, but no, y ou can’t show up in Ushuaia and get a one-off job on a cruise to Antarctica.

Insider’s Tip – Book A Small Group Expedition

Very few people know this when booking their travels to Antarctica, but if you end up on a ship that has more than 200 passengers onboard, your time on the continent is severely limited!

That’s because IAATO rules states that no more than 200 people from any one voyage can get off the ship at any one time, and no more than 100 people can step foot on the continent at once, so if your tour has more than this, you’ll end up spending a lot of time waiting on the ship while the other group is off exploring.

If you have between 100-200 people onboard, you do what’s known in the industry as a ‘split landing’ – basically half the group go ashore while the other half zodiac cruise, then you swap midway through the excursion.

In our expert opinion this isn’t a bad thing. We personally prefer zodiac cruising anyway.

Even worse though, if you end up booking a large cruise ship with more than 500 people onboard, IAATO regulations mean nobody gets off the ship.

That means you won’t even get the chance to do anything more other than simply look at the landscapes from afar.

And while this is still pretty amazing, in our opinion you’re paying all this money to go there – you may as well actually step foot on Antarctica!

Here’s an article to give you some more  tips on how to choose a tour.

Top 5 Places to Visit in Antarctica

Antarctica is one of the most isolated places in the world and as such it has managed to maintain its pristine nature with minimum human impact (although climate change is reeking havoc down there).

For anyone wishing to enjoy the dramatic landscapes covered in polar ice and beautiful wildlife, make sure your cruise includes our top places to visit in Antarctica!

The Lemaire Channel

The Lemaire Channel is a narrow passage on the Antarctic Peninsula that is stunningly beautiful to navigate. On all sides you’ll be surrounded by towering peaks, tumbling glaciers and glistening icebergs.

It’s also a dream come true for marine life lovers, as you can spot all kinds of seals and even whales, including humpbacks and orcas!

No matter how cold it gets, we guarantee you won’t go below the deck in fear you might miss something!

Deception Island always proves to be a highlight of people’s travels to Antarctica as it is incredibly beautiful, and has a human element to it with the old whaling station.

But why the name Deception Island? That’s because even though it looks like just an island, it’s actually a caldera of an active volcano!

The waters here are a tad warmer than the rest of the seas around, making it a popular spot for people to do the polar plunge.

Vernadsky Research Station

No trip to Antarctica would be complete without spending some time at a functioning science base, and luckily you can do just that at Vernadsky Research Station!

This Ukrainian-run base has a lot of history, and today the scientists working there open their doors to visitors.

It’s even home to the southern-most bar in the world! Read all about it in our article about  Vernadsky Research Station.

South Shetland Islands

The South Shetland Islands are a small group of islands about 120km north of the Antarctic Peninsula.

Their location makes them one of the most visited places on the peninsula, and they are a great place to visit in Antarctica because of the huge population of elephant seals and penguins.

South Georgia and the Sandwich Islands

While  South Georgia  and the Sandwich Islands don’t actually belong to Antarctica (they are part of the United Kingdom), we couldn’t write a list about the top places to visit without mentioning this place.

It has been called the Serengeti of the Southern Ocean due to the abundance of wildlife that congregates there.

You can see hundreds of thousands of king penguins hanging out on beaches, 4-tonne elephant seals battling each other for mates and the largest bird in the world, the Wandering Albatross.

South Georgia can be included on a few Antarctic cruise itineraries, so if you have the time we highly recommend visiting.

Top 5 Travel Experiences in Antarctica

So what exactly is there to do in Antarctica? Plenty!

We wrote this comprehensive guide on the  best things to do in Antarctica , but let us break down some of the highlights here.

Camping Under the Stars

Yes it is entirely possible to go  camping in Antarctica , but only if you join the right tour operator that provides the right gear.

It might sound risky because of the extreme weather conditions, but that’s why you should only do it with a company that takes all safety measures seriously.

You will sleep in winter-grade bivvy sacks with high-quality sleeping bags, and the expedition leaders will monitor the weather systems closely to make sure that it’ll be the optimum evening to do so.

The adventure won’t seem as challenging once night sets and you get thrown into a daze by views of the open sky and stars, with zero light pollution around to hide the universe.

Laying under the stars and waking up to the sun rising over the vast snowy landscape will be etched into your mind forever.

Take the Polar Plunge

How does swimming in the world’s coldest place sound to you? Well you can do just that in Antarctica, and it’s an experience that’ll give you the ultimate bragging rights.

Whether you’re jumping from a boat or do a sprint into the icy waters at the beach on Deception Island, it’s going to be frigidly cold. But the pain only lasts a minute, and you’ll have expert guides around you to warm you up with blankets and hot chocolate.

Climb Mount Vinson

For those that want a serious adventure, and have the skills to go with it, why not consider climbing the tallest mountain in Antarctica, Mount Vinson!

The mountain is 4897m high, but of course this isn’t for the average traveller to Antarctica, and you won’t find a standard cruise ship that goes there.

It’s one of the world’s seven highest summits, making it a must-do for any mountaineer looking to achieve the Holy Grail.

Kayaking With Whales

Sea kayaking in Antarctica is one of the best adventure activities on the continent, and it’s easy to see why.

Surrounded by icebergs, calm waters and huge glaciers, you can spend hours paddling around, being constantly amazed at the scenery.

This is the best way to get closer to Antarctica’s rich marine life, and if you’re really lucky, you might even have a close encounter with a humpback whale!

Hanging Out With Penguins

Hanging out with penguins is everyone’s number one item on their Antarctica bucket list.

There are six types of penguins living in Antarctica and they are one of the few animals on the continent that is pretty much a guarantee to see no matter when you go!

The guideline on interacting with wildlife on Antarctica is that you have to keep your distance, at least 5 meters away from all wildlife, but if they approach you that’s no problem!

These friendly birds are very unfamiliar with humans, so chances are they will come right up to you if you just hang out and wait.

Transport in Antarctica

Unless you’re working on a research station, the only form of transport you’ll get to experience in Antarctica is the floating kind.

Cruise or Expedition Ships

The main mode of transport in Antarctica is by ship, and you have a couple of different options – A luxury cruise ship, or a research expedition ship.

Cruise ships are comfortable and luxurious, but they might also lack the character and sense of adventure that you’d expect from a place like Antarctica.

We most recently travelled on a  polar expedition vessel called the Ultramarine , and it was amazing in that they were conducting real-life science research as we went.

Zodiacs (Inflatable Rubber Boats)

This is the most common, and fun way, to get your way around Antarctica.

They are used for getting from your ship to shore, or for just exploring around the gorgeous seas. They are open-air, which means you’re exposed to the elements, so make sure you wear plenty of protective gear.

We’ve already spoken about kayaks before, but if you have the chance to paddle around the continent you should definitely take it!

Safety in Antarctica

While Antarctica truly delivers on the promise of untouched nature and rich wildlife, one should seriously prepare to be exposed to the harsh climate and one of the most dangerous environments in the world.

But don’t stress too much about it – Chances are you’ll only be travelling to Antarctica in the summer, where the temperatures are warmer anyway.

Plus all Antarctic tours have qualified and experienced medical staff onboard, so you’ll be in safe hands.

Rough Sea Weather

When crossing the Drake Passage, which is a gruelling 48-hour journey, there’s a chance that you will encounter some rough sea weather.

Don’t worry though, because expedition ships are designed to charge through even the most turbulent of seas, so even though you might feel scared, the boats are absolutely fine.

If you’re prone to sea sickness you can take strong medication to help, or if you’re absolutely petrified we suggest booking a trip that has a flight to King George Island instead of boarding the cruise ship in Ushuaia or Punta Arenas.

Walking On Ice

The key to crossing the icy sections of the continent are to have good quality boots.

Sometimes the tour operator will supply you with these boots, but make sure you do your research before you show up.

The guide will offer you some practical advice how to walk across icy sections. Usually those instructions consist of keeping a slow pace and short, confident steps where you plant your feet.

Harsh Climate

The main issue travellers to Antarctica will come across is the harsh climate, so make sure you come prepared.

You need to pack all the necessities before you come, because the right clothing is the most important factor in whether you will have a good time or not.

Learn to layer up, because the temperature can change rapidly, and the last thing you want is to have one giant, warm coat on when the sun comes out, meaning all you have underneath is a t-shirt.

The expedition leaders will keep an eye on the weather to help keep you safe in Antarctica.

Cruise Ship Safety

Most incidents that happen to cruise ships in Antarctica involves the pack ice, but this is an extremely rare occurrence in this day and age.

It’s important to know that your tour operator evaluates all risks and manages the trip around perceived hazards. Safety is their number one priority.

Today we’re able to predict icebergs, pack ice and unexposed hazards with forward-scanning sonar and ice radars, and all cruise ships have them in use.

Medical System in Antarctica

All tour operators have a medical team on-board for any possible health issues you may encounter.

The only thing up to the traveller to take care of is to make sure you get the proper vaccinations before the expedition.

The vaccines that you should be up-to-date on are:

• Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine
• Diphteria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine
• Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine
• Polio vaccine

The risk of acquiring of any of those diseases comes from the fact that they’re easily spread from person to person, and the close living quarters.

You will be sharing same space with people from many different parts of the world which carries an increased risk of contracting a disease.

Packing List for Antarctica

Making sure to pack everything you need for your Antarctica travels is the most vital part of your travel preparations.

Some of the tour operators will supply you with adequate waterproof jacket, pants and boots, but make sure to check with them.

Check out our detailed guide on  what to wear in Antarctica  to get you prepared.

Men And Women

• Waterproof jacket
• Waterproof pants
• Boots (with the most grip)
• Thermal underwear
• Thermal socks x2
• Merino wool socks x3
• T-shirts x4
• Long sleeve shirt x1
• Hooded jumper x1
• Down jacket x1
• Wind/rain jacket x1
• Glove liners x1 pair
• Ski gloves x1 pair
• Buff bandana x2
• Sunglasses x1

Miscellaneous Items

• Camera (here’s  our list of the absolute best travel cameras on the market )
• Wide angle & zoom lens
• Spare batteries x4
• SD memory cards x4
• Waterproof cases for electronics

Travel Tips To Antarctica

• Wear layers! In some moments when you physically exert yourself you will start feeling a bit hot so then you should take off a layer. Later on when you feel cold again just put it back on – it’s important to regulate the body temperature.
• Invest in your camera equipment! This is a trip that most people only take once in their lifetime – you want to be sure to  make memorable photos of it.
• When booking your cruise make sure that somewhere it says ‘step foot on the continent’ because some cruise ships don’t allow passengers to leave the vessel!
• Think of flying to Buenos Aries before connecting to Ushuaia. It might end up a cheaper and you can arrive a day or two earlier to explore Buenos Aries.
• Buy a  good travel insurance policy ! Antarctica is so isolated and unpredictable that your travel policy should always include an emergency evacuation charge!

Table of Contents

Read our antarctica blog posts, the best time to visit antarctica – month by month breakdown.

Ask LP: how can I travel to Antarctica?

Oct 7, 2020 • 3 min read

Antarctica's tourist season starts in November © DreamPictures / Getty Images

The far south of the world may have escaped the pandemic that’s locked down life elsewhere, but that doesn’t mean this summer season is smooth sailing. Antarctica has no cases of COVID-19  – partly due to efforts to keep it that way, and partly reflecting the restrictions placed on other countries. This impacts scientists who make up the temporary residents of the continent and also threatens the Antarctic tourist season, which generally runs from November to March or April.

In a normal year, travelers would converge on Ushuaia (Argentina), Punta Arenas (Chile), and, less frequently, ports in New Zealand and Australia to embark on the long journey south. The shortest route – across the swells and choppy waters of the Drake Passage from South America – takes two to three days to reach the Antarctic Peninsula . Air options like DAP’s overnight trips to King George Island in the South Shetland Islands ($6500 per person from Punta Arenas, Chile) usually gives another way to reach the far south from South America for a more limited time. Services are currently suspended.

There are two big obstacles to getting to Antarctica this year. One is the lack of cruises – most operators have cancelled their schedules for the remainder of the this year and early next year. If cruises can happen at all this season it will be towards the end of the usual period of operation. Hurtigruten has cancelled Antarctica departures until January 2021, but hopes to resume operations then. 

The other is the inaccessibility of gateway destinations. At the time of writing there’s no way into Chile , Argentina , New Zealand and Australia for foreign tourists. All these countries have closed their borders to non-nationals since March, and Argentina has recently paused plans to allow international flights back into the country until at least October 11. In all likelihood, this will be longer. Sub-Antarctic destinations have their own entry restrictions. The Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) are only accessible for essential travel with reduced air links. In order to reach Antarctica, any departing travelers heading south would need to transit Argentina (or one of the other jumping-off countries) and transfer directly to their cruise ship. As you’d expect there’s no confirmed plan for this at present. 

Adding all this up, 2020–21 may be a better time to save for a future Antarctic odyssey. However knock-on demand for 2021–22 is likely to be strong, as capacity is always limited and there is an Antarctic solar eclipse in November next year. That said, specialist travel companies are also keen to encourage booking, and deals for next year are available through experts like Discover the World .

One way for ice-cap enthusiasts to get their fix from Australia is to take a seat on one of the  scenic overflights of the continent run by Antarctica Flights . These 12 hour journeys – using a 787 Dreamliner for the first time – depart from various Australian airports from November to March. They don’t touch down and therefore count as a domestic charter flight. Currently there is not a requirement to wear a mask on these flights.

You might also like:

Is it sustainable to visit Antarctica?    How to pack for a trip to Antarctica    The eternal lure of icebergs: fulfilling a life-long dream of visiting Antarctica   

Explore related stories

Destination Practicalities

Mar 30, 2024 • 4 min read

Who wouldn't jump at the chance to visit the Emerald Isle? Here’s how to check if you need a visa before setting off on your Irish adventure. 

Mar 15, 2024 • 17 min read

Mar 2, 2024 • 8 min read

Jan 24, 2024 • 8 min read

Jan 23, 2024 • 4 min read

Jan 17, 2024 • 8 min read

Jan 15, 2024 • 7 min read

Jan 9, 2024 • 6 min read

Jan 8, 2024 • 11 min read

Jan 7, 2024 • 3 min read

Dreaming of Antarctica: How to book the trip of a lifetime

On Earth Day, April 22, 2020, we are publishing several environmentally themed stories. They're a reminder that it's possible to travel and minimize the impact on the environment at the same time. In this story about travel to Antarctica, we are highlighting the special care that travelers must exercise there.

Antarctica, the fifth-largest continent on the planet, is the most remote, mysterious and unknown territory on earth. Constituting approximately 20% of the Southern Hemisphere, it is larger than Europe, yet unique in that it has neither a native population nor a government. Instead, portions have been claimed by seven countries: Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway and the United Kingdom.

Unfortunately, climate change has affected Antarctica significantly (as it has many other parts of the world) . Who knows if it will still exist as we know it in a few years? It's the only continent I haven't visited and I want to see it before it is unalterably changed. However, it will also require budgeting well in advance -- a trip there can easily cost $15,000 or more.

Here's how I'm planning my bucket-list trip to Antarctica, hopefully for the end of 2020 or early 2021 — at the peak of summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

There's no quick way to get there

This is one trip for which there are no shortcuts , especially for travelers from North America. Most Antarctica expeditions originate in the Southern Hemisphere, so get your stash of miles ready to help offset the overall cash cost you're almost inevitably going to incur.

Where should you travel from?

Antarctica is also an inconvenient destination. (It's even inconvenient for airplanes to overfly, let alone land, which is partly why there aren't that many flights that cross oceans in the Southern Hemisphere .) The main jumping-off points for Antarctica are Patagonia, the southernmost region of Argentina, Australia and New Zealand.

Ushuaia, Argentina

Ushuaia, nicknamed the "End of the World," is the capital of the Argentine province of Tierra del Fuego, which, in turn, is part of the region of Patagonia. The city is also the port from which most cruise ships depart for Antarctica. If you prefer a little less hassle, you may be able to book some luxury cruises out of Buenos Aires.

There are direct flights from Buenos Aires to Ushuaia. Many flights to USH depart from Buenos Aires' Aeroparque airport (AEP) instead of Ministro Pistarini International Airport (EZE) -- the usual arrival airport for flights from the U.S. Buenos Aires is a wonderful city with so much to explore, and so much delicious food and wine that I highly recommend a stopover of a day or two, just to rest and stretch your legs before continuing on. As an added bonus, your dollar will stretch quite far against the Argentine peso, and your tourism dollars will help boost the struggling economy.

Flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia are typically $200 to $300 one-way, although with the coronavirus pandemic, prices have dropped as low as $67 one-way during summer peak season (November through February). The main airlines serving the route are Aerolíneas Argentinas, which is part of the SkyTeam alliance, and LATAM, which leaves the Oneworld alliance on May 1, 2020, to begin its partnership with Delta Air Lines.

Once you arrive in Ushuaia, you can board a cruise you've already booked or wait to see if a last-minute cruise cabin opens up. If you have more free time than money, waiting for a last-minute deal is a one of the most affordable ways to get to Antarctica for a fraction of the usual price.

Punta Arenas, Chile

You can fly, drive or bus down to this southern Chilean city. The main airport is Aeropuerto Presidente Ibáñez (PUQ), and you can fly direct from Santiago, the capital of Chile. If you feel like adding some extra sightseeing, there are restaurants, museums and walkable options within the downtown area. Taxis are relatively cheap and easy to hail. You can even sail from Punta Arenas to Ushuaia via cruise ship — it's a three- to four-night trip one-way.

Invercargill/Port of Bluff, New Zealand, or Hobart, Tasmania, in Australia

These cities are the jumping-off points for incredibly scenic cruise routes to Antarctica. It takes about seven days of sailing to get to Antarctica, but where's the fun in that? Cruises from Tasmania take about 23 to 35 days in all, stopping at beautifully remote spots such as Macquarie Island, the Snares and Auckland Islands and Campbell Island, rich with unique wildlife.

What will you pay for a cruise like this? On average, expect to budget a cool $25,000 per person.

Standard ways to get to Antarctica

There's no easy way to get to Antarctica, but the vast majority of visitors get to or near Antarctica by water. There are cruises to Antarctica from Chile, Australia, New Zealand and even South Africa, but most tourist expeditions depart from Ushuaia, Argentina.

Related: TPG readers share their best tips and tricks for getting to Antarctica

Prefer to fly? You can do that, but none of your usual loyalty programs will get you there on points or miles . The majority of aviation into Antarctica is into King George Island, the largest of the South Shetland Islands, where you can transfer to a cruise ship for the next few days. A direct flight from Punta Arenas, Chile, to King George Island takes two to three hours one way, and allows you to skip the Drake Passage .

Unique ways to visit Antarctica

If you are a researcher, extreme marathoner or have other types of special skills or interests, you might be able to get there through some nontraditional routes.

For runners

One option is by participating in the World Marathon Challenge , where athletes run a full 26.2-mile marathon within seven days on all seven continents, including in Antarctica. Heads up: It's not cheap at more than $40,000 per person, and registration slots are extremely limited. In 2020, the World Marathon Challenge chartered a Boeing 757 operated by Titan Airways to ferry marathoners to and from Cape Town, South Africa, to Novo Station, a Russian base on the Antarctic mainland.

For shutterbugs

Some National Geographic explorers have the unique privilege of visiting the North and South Poles as part of their jobs. But Nat Geo has also partnered with Lindblad Expeditions to offer 14- to 24-day cruises for explorers who are looking for more nature-focused experiences.

As with most Antarctica trips, the cruises aren't cheap -- they range from just under $15,000 to a whopping $113,000. But the multi-week itineraries look really exciting, and include adventures such as photography expeditions with hands-on training. As a former full-time photographer, I would find one of these a dream come true.

For geoscience researchers

Scientific researchers also have an inside route to the southernmost part of the world. Geoscientists can visit Antarctica for research purposes , but you'll probably have to be there for a month or two.

For the rich

Is there anything money can't solve, at least where travel is involved? If you've got the dough, skip the plebeian routes and charter a private Gulfstream jet through White Desert Antarctica . As a bonus, you'll also be able to visit one of The Points Guy's favorite countries : South Africa.

You can book "The Greatest Day" package for a one-day trip from Cape Town, South Africa, to Wolf's Fang, Antarctica. It takes five hours one-way to arrive there. You'll pay "just" $13,500 for one person, or $150,000 for the whole jet, which seats 12 — talk about an epic party.

If a single day is too short of a trip for your taste, choose the five-day, $58,000 "Early Emperors" package which also includes round-trip flights. This package allows you to spend some quality time with baby emperor penguins.

Or you could go for broke — literally — and splurge on the "Emperors and South Pole" package, which offers exactly what it suggests: An eight-day luxury trek to the South Pole . I'm not sure how the company is juxtaposing "luxury" with "endless ice," but at $92,500 per person, I hope they have it figured out.

Related: 7 tips for visiting Antarctica before it's too late

If you're the sort of person who likes to plan every detail of your upcoming flight, Antarctica Flights offers an experience that's a lot more similar to a typical commercial travel experience, including seat maps and special flights for significant dates including New Year's. You'll get champagne to ring in the coming year.

The best time of year to visit

The best time of year to visit Antarctica is when it's winter in the Northern Hemisphere and summer there. You'll have the best chance of seeing unique animals including baby penguins, whales, seals and a variety of bird life between the months of November and March. If you're sailing to Antarctica, you'll also have the highest likelihood of experiencing a calm Drake Passage in the summertime. Unfortunately, as with any peak season, this is also when you're most likely to run into other tourists.

Can I get there on points?

Use points to offset your cash expenses.

Again, Antarctica isn't a budget trip and most of your big expenses will have to be paid in cash. But that doesn't mean you can't use credit cards to your advantage.

Cards like the Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card allow you to use your miles to "erase" charges on your statement, and you can do the same with Chase Ultimate Rewards. Keep in mind that this isn't usually the best use for your hard-earned points, since TPG is all about redeeming points and miles for outsize value . Your best way for determining value would be to use TPG's monthly valuations guide to compare the cost of paying for your trip in cash versus using points and miles to cover those expenses.

One way to knock a few thousand dollars off the cost of your travels is by booking your positioning flights on miles. You can easily get to Argentina, Chile, South Africa or Australia and New Zealand on points. TPG has published an extensive number of deal alerts to all of these destinations in the past, so be sure to sign up for our newsletter to receive alerts , or follow us on Twitter to find out when they are published.

Book your cruise on Hyatt points

I was pleasantly surprised to discover that World of Hyatt partners with Lindblad Expeditions for luxury excursions. Lindblad's smaller vessels are perfect for travelers who want to disembark in Antarctica, because ships with more than 500 passengers aren't allowed to deposit anyone on land. Lindblad partners with National Geographic for its routes, including a handful of Antarctica sailings each year.

Unfortunately, you'll need a lot of Hyatt stays (or spend) to visit on points: Lindblad's Journey to Antarctica: The White Continent cruise costs between $14,940 and $73,100 in cash or a whopping 933,750 to 4,568,750 World of Hyatt points to book — per person.

Even though Hyatt points are worth 1.7 cents apiece by TPG's current valuations, resulting in a very reasonable cash conversion value of $15,873.75 to $77,668.75, I still think I'll be paying for my cruise in cash. After all, my Hyatt points are far more valuable when used toward, say, a stay at the beautiful Palacio Duhau Park Hyatt Buenos Aires in the lovely Recoleta neighborhood of Buenos Aires on my way down to or from Ushuaia or Punta Arenas.

As of now, it's unclear whether or not cruise lines will still be operating their Antarctica routes toward the end of 2020. The novel coronavirus has impacted virtually every corner of the world, and it wouldn't be a surprise if Antarctica was no exception. For now, I'll cross my fingers and hope for the best. And it seems that the cruise lines are doing so as well, since you can still purchase passage for 2020 and 2021 cruises on many websites.

Important reminders and tips

Take care of the environment

The pristine environment of Antarctica is vulnerable to climate change and human presence, so be sure to follow the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO) guidelines for your visit. If walking on the continent is important to you, book a cruise on a smaller vessel; you won't be allowed to disembark on Antarctic ice if you arrive on most ships carrying 500 or more passengers. Even if you sail on a smaller ship, only 100 people are allowed on shore at any given time, with a 1:20 guide-to-passenger ratio required.

You will also need special permits to enter any protected areas , so be sure to complete any necessary paperwork before departure.

Travel insurance

Even if you never purchase travel insurance and rely exclusively on your credit card's trip protection benefits when you travel, TPG strongly recommends purchasing an independent travel insurance plan for a trip of this magnitude. In the event that you need emergency evacuation or to cancel at the last minute, it will be a relief to know that your finances won't take a hit.

Plan ahead for motion sickness

Last summer, I took a sunset cruise in Santorini with some friends for a post-wedding party. As we were boarding, we heard the captain apologetically telling the previous passengers, "Sorry for the choppy waters today." I don't usually get seasick, but I was really grateful I'd taken some prophylactic Dramamine 45 minutes prior.

As you can see from the video, the motion of the boat was fun for a couple of hours — for some of us — but it would be brutal for two days for any traveler unaccustomed to this amount of motion. I ended up having a great time that evening, but many of the other guests did not and it took them the rest of the evening to recover.

Back on the subject of Antarctica, have you heard of the infamous Drake Passage ? Travelers say that it's no joke. The waters between Cape Horn and the South Shetland Islands, known as the Drake Passage, are the convergence point for the Atlantic, Pacific and Southern Oceans and are unavoidable if you're sailing between South America and Antarctica. The Drake Passage produces some of the choppiest waters in the world. It isn't a quick pass-through, either: The Drake Passage takes about two days to navigate — in each direction . So even though you'll be in a far larger vessel than my small Santorini yacht, it's a good idea to plan ahead for potential motion sickness.

Most reports I've read on the Drake Passage say that it's not that bad if you hit it at the right time. But this is the ocean we're talking about, and two or more days going through choppy waters will take a physical toll on any landlubber.

If you are also unsure of your sea legs, bring whatever works best for you: Medication, motion sickness patches, acupressure point bands. For the amount of money you're spending on getting to Antarctica, the last thing you want to do is feel miserable and exhausted when you get there.

Consider using a travel agent

Many TPG readers pride themselves on pulling together their dream trips on their own. But when it comes to Antarctica, even seasoned travelers can benefit from the services of a professional travel agent.

TPG contributor Daniel Hank told TPG's Melanie Lieberman that "in the case of Antarctica, I totally needed that help." Hank used ExpeditionTrips , which is considered one of the foremost travel companies for Antarctica journeys, although there are many other travel companies and specialists who can help you ensure that your once-in-a-lifetime experience goes without a hitch. Travel Leaders , for example, can connect you with an Antarctica travel specialist near you.

How I want to go, and how I plan to pay for my trip

Personally, I'm planning to keep things simple. I've decided against planning a November trip. My birthday falls at the end of January, so that's probably my top choice for a departure time: What a memorable way to ring in a new year.

I will probably use my United Airlines miles to book a cheap award flight from Texas to Buenos Aires to visit some friends for a day or two, then fly to Ushuaia. Depending on how my finances look at that point, I might try working from the End of the World for a few weeks in hopes of scoring a budget cabin on a cruise ship headed to Antarctica. I'm not planning any activities ahead of time; I just want to be there and experience whatever comes up in the moment — yes, even if it's a choppy Drake Passage.

If I had my choice, I'd love to cruise to Antarctica on one of the National Geographic routes through Lindblad. I was a professional photographer for a number of years before joining TPG, and I would love to dust off my fancy lenses and get some hands-on tutelage from nature photography professionals for a memorable excursion. But regardless of my cruise line, my camera gear will undoubtedly accompany me to Antarctica.

I have an annual travel insurance plan which has treated me very well over the two years that I've had it. I plan to pay cash for most of the Antarctica portions of my trip, using my Chase Sapphire Reserve for its excellent travel benefits. As for lodging on my way down south, I tend to rely on Hotels.com for cheaper accommodations in nonbranded hotels, although I do have a significant stash of Marriott and Hilton points as of now.

Antarctica isn't a bucket-list place for everyone; in fact, I probably wouldn't have considered visiting even five years ago. But it's almost a mythical destination, and I can't wait to go. If you've been, please leave me your best tips in the comments below and if you're also hoping to go sometime in the near future, tell me how you want to get there.

• PRO Courses Guides New Tech Help Pro Expert Videos About wikiHow Pro Upgrade Sign In
• EDIT Edit this Article
• EXPLORE Tech Help Pro About Us Random Article Quizzes Request a New Article Community Dashboard This Or That Game Popular Categories Arts and Entertainment Artwork Books Movies Computers and Electronics Computers Phone Skills Technology Hacks Health Men's Health Mental Health Women's Health Relationships Dating Love Relationship Issues Hobbies and Crafts Crafts Drawing Games Education & Communication Communication Skills Personal Development Studying Personal Care and Style Fashion Hair Care Personal Hygiene Youth Personal Care School Stuff Dating All Categories Arts and Entertainment Finance and Business Home and Garden Relationship Quizzes Cars & Other Vehicles Food and Entertaining Personal Care and Style Sports and Fitness Computers and Electronics Health Pets and Animals Travel Education & Communication Hobbies and Crafts Philosophy and Religion Work World Family Life Holidays and Traditions Relationships Youth
• Browse Articles
• Learn Something New
• Quizzes Hot
• This Or That Game New
• Train Your Brain
• Explore More
• Support wikiHow
• About wikiHow
• Log in / Sign up
• Destinations

How to Travel to Antarctica

Last Updated: July 27, 2023 Approved

This article was co-authored by Angela Rice . Angela Rice is a Luxury Travel Specialist and Co-Founder of Boutique Travel Advisors, a luxury travel advising business in Phoenix, Arizona. Angela specializes in consulting and curating highly customized and unique travel itineraries for clients seeking luxury, group, and multi-generational family travel. Angela studied at Arizona State University and The University of Iowa Tippie College of Business. She has prior consulting experience in accounting and business, which helps her run her business behind the scenes. Angela has been featured in The Washington Post, Reader's Digest, Travel Weekly, USA Today, Travel Market Report, Phoenix Magazine, and MSN. She is also a frequent guest on WBBM News Radio 105.9 FM's Travel Tuesday show. There are 13 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. wikiHow marks an article as reader-approved once it receives enough positive feedback. This article received 19 testimonials and 89% of readers who voted found it helpful, earning it our reader-approved status. This article has been viewed 876,515 times.

Travelling to Antarctica is one of the most exhilarating trips you will ever take. Although it's expensive, it's truly spectacular. A trip to Antarctica is something that you and your travelling companions will never forget. It is an inhospitable and distant place, so travelling there is unlike travelling almost anywhere else. There are, however, a number of possibilities for intrepid explorers who want to witness the majesty of this frozen continent. Whether you want to take a few weeks exploring on a ship, or fly over it in a day, with some careful planning, and a generous budget, you can have the trip of a lifetime.

Travelling to Antarctica by Ship

• Most voyages to the Antarctic Peninsular region leave from Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego in Argentina, Port Stanley in the Falkland Islands and a few leave from Punta Arenas in Chile, Buenos Aires in Argentina, or Puerto Madryn in Argentina.

• In high seas, larger ships are the most comfortable but the strict guidelines on how many people can visit the shore will limit your opportunities for shore visits.
• Smaller ships allow for more time on shore. This is because tourist guidelines limit landings of tour groups to 100 people. [3] X Research source
• All reputable cruise operators will be registered with the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO), so this is good place to consult during your planning. They support environmentally friendly travel to Antarctica. [4] X Research source
• The costs for these cruises will vary, but for a ten day trip expect to pay at least $4500, whereas for the longer trips it could be from $12,750-$16,000.

• For these smaller ships, the conditions are much more treacherous than the larger cruise ships. [6] X Research source
• This is a very expensive option that could cost more than $1000 a day for each traveller. [7] X Research source

• Prices start from around $8,000 for the month.

Flying to Antarctica

• Australia is now the only place you can take these flights from. [10] X Research source
• You need to plan ahead if you want to do this and book early.
• If you want to get up and close and see the wildlife this is not the choice for you.
• Depending on your seats, tickets will cost anything from $1,000 to $8,000. [11] X Research source

• Some adventure holiday companies have deals which involve landing on Antarctica and skiing, camping and climbing. [12] X Research source
• You can fly to King George Island from Punta Arenas in Chile and stay overnight at a camp there for tourists.

• This could be a good option if you want to see the ice and wildlife up close, but don’t want to spend so much time travelling on board a cruise ship. But it won’t be any cheaper.
• Expect to pay something in the region of $10,000 to $14,000 for a two-week trip. [13] X Research source

Planning Your Trip

• During November, the pack ice starts to break up and it's mating season for the penguins and other birds.
• During December and January, the penguin chicks hatch and are fed and nurtured in the breeding grounds.
• During February and March, the penguin chicks fledge, the adult penguins molt, and the whales are easy to spot. [14] X Research source

• It is possible to get cheap last minute deals with cruise ships in places like Ushuaia in Argentina. You need to be in town, flexible, and able to set off straight away. This is a risky option, but if it works you could save quite a lot of money. [16] X Research source
• If you don't want to visit as a tourist, think of other options, such as joining a government expedition to Antarctica. For this, you'll likely need suitable technical, scientific, medical, or other relevant skills like cooking for a large group. You will also need to be considered to have a suitable background for government employment. [17] X Research source
• Another possibility is to travel as an invited part of a crew. Some people get asked to come along as journalists, photographers, artists, etc., and their trip is covered by whoever invited or sent them along. Again, this will depend on your skills.

• Read up on the gear and clothing you need. You will definitely need excellent waterproof clothing! Your cruise ship will most likely have things to hire if you don’t have them, but they might not be a great fit. [18] X Research source
• There are no vaccination requirements for Antarctica but you should be fit and in good health because medical treatment will be basic and spread thin among all your passengers. Any medical conditions that you do have should be detailed by your doctor in letter form, especially if you need to bring along medication.

• Don't go too near wildlife and don't do anything to disturb wildlife.
• Don't litter.
• Don't deface anything – all human-built structures have historical value and many huts, etc., have heritage listings. Do not engrave anything into rocks or other land features.
• Take photos and nothing else. Leave all eggs, shells, plants, rocks, fossils, soil, etc., where they are.

Expert Q&A

• Reputable tour guides subscribe to the visitor provisions of the Antarctic Treaty; review the contents of this treaty and its accompanying guidelines before you go. Thanks Helpful 54 Not Helpful 28
• Check with your federal government about how to be a 'good citizen' in the wild. (There is no local sovereignty over Antarctica and your behaviour is governed by your federal government's laws.) Thanks Helpful 19 Not Helpful 8

• Weather in Antarctica is extreme. Be prepared for intense sun, wild wind, ice, and extreme cold. Thanks Helpful 52 Not Helpful 13
• Verify with your photo equipment vendor that your photo equipment can withstand extreme weather. Thanks Helpful 43 Not Helpful 20
• Travel to Antarctica can be very expensive but if you can afford it, it is an amazing tour. Thanks Helpful 7 Not Helpful 4
• Be careful when exposed to sunlight in that area, as it has an ozone hole. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

Things You'll Need

• Appropriate clothing, footwear, and other items such as goggles, gloves, and a balaclava. Be sure to ask the tour company for its suggested list of items, as well as finding out what the tour company will provide
• Medications that you normally take with you
• Books and journals to while away travel time
• Camera and batteries, check whether they will work in the cold
• Personal snacks you'd like to have that you know the tour company won't supply
• Visitor's Guidelines for Antarctica, and the Antarctica Treaty. All this documentation can be accessed via the internet before leaving

You Might Also Like

• ↑ Angela Rice. Luxury Travel Specialist. Expert Interview. 18 September 2020.
• ↑ http://www.coolantarctica.com/Travel/antarctica_travel_home.php
• ↑ http://iaato.org/home
• ↑ http://iaato.org/service-providers-and-operators
• ↑ http://iaato.org/yachts
• ↑ http://www.goldenfleecexp.co.fk/english/prices_en.html
• ↑ http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/Marion_Dufresne_ship.shtml
• ↑ http://adventuresallaround.com/antarctica-flights-review-sightseeing-frozen-continent/
• ↑ http://www.antarcticaflights.com.au/
• ↑ http://www.antarcticaflights.com.au/home#seating
• ↑ http://www.coolantarctica.com/Travel/antarctica_travel_2.php
• ↑ http://matadornetwork.com/trips/how-to-travel-to-antarctica/
• ↑ http://www.usap.gov/jobsAndOpportunities/

About This Article

The easiest way to travel to Antarctica is to take a cruise ship from Argentina. These cruises generally last between 10 days and 3 weeks and will cost between $4500 and $16,000 per person. If you would prefer to see Antarctica from above, book a sightseeing flight that leaves from Australia, which will cost between $1000 and $8000. You could also fly to King George Island from South Africa, Australia, or Chile, but expect to pay at least $5000 per person. For more ways to travel to Antarctica and what to do when you get there, read on. Did this summary help you? Yes No

• Send fan mail to authors

Reader Success Stories

Nov 7, 2016

Did this article help you?

Feb 6, 2017

May 30, 2017

Lynden Reder

Feb 28, 2017

Dec 20, 2016

Featured Articles

Trending Articles

Watch Articles

• Terms of Use
• Privacy Policy
• Do Not Sell or Share My Info
• Not Selling Info

wikiHow Tech Help Pro:

Level up your tech skills and stay ahead of the curve

Antarctica Travel Guide

Your ultimate antarctica travel guide, with tips, ideas on things to do, and best things to see in antarctica. great for first-time and returning travelers..

The penguins are adorable, the seals are spectacular and the whales have that “Wow Factor” that take your breath away when they pop up beside your zodiac.

They could all easily be the stars of Antarctica but they’re not. The real star of Antarctica? Ice. 

We couldn’t get enough of looking at the different hues in the ice. The amazing icebergs make you stand in wonder. Listening to ice break off of a thousand-year-old glacier from the seat of a kayak is overwhelming.

And catching seals sleeping on ice flows in the middle of the Antarctic Peninsula is astounding. 

This Antarctica travel guide will help you plan your next vacation.

Popular City Guides

• How to Pack for Antarctica
• Things to do in Antarctica
• Antarctic Expedition

Our Highlight

Table of contents

Table of Contents

Fast Facts about Antarctica

• There is no standard plug or voltage in Antarctica. Rather, each station or expedition ship has its own distinct power supply and outlets.
• Antarctican dollars are collector’s items and are produced by the  Antarctica Overseas Exchange Office.  Nevertheless the bills are not legal tender in Antarctica or in any other continent.
• The only way to get to Antarctica is via ship and operating tours there can be very expensive. It is sometimes possible to find last-minute bargain prices in Ushuaia (Argentina), however most tours are fully booked months in advance.
• Each ship runs its own onboard pay system differently, most of the time bills can be settled in cash, traveler’s check or credit cards in either the national currency (in Ushuaia that would be the Argentine Peso) or in USD.
• No single government controls Antarctica, so visitors do not need visas to go there.

Things to See and Do in Antarctica

• Spot Penguins – When visiting Antarctica there is one thing you are guaranteed to see….penguins. They just may be the cuteness little animal on earth. They are the most curious creatures.
• Take a Zodiac Tour of Pleneau Bay  – Pleneau Bay is an incredible display put on by Mother Nature where you will find an iceberg graveyard. Yes, there is such a thing as an iceberg graveyard and this bay is filled with some of the most extraordinary ice formations you will ever see.
• Paradise Bay – paddle beside icebergs surrounded by glaciers on the icy blue waters of Paradise Bay in Antarctica
• Visit Deception Island  – It’s an island of doom where the worst acts of human nature played out on its shores. A land of slaughter and blood situated on an active volcano waiting to erupt.
• Go Camping on the Continent – This is a once in a lifetime opportunity. It’s cold and crazy but so much fun.
• Do the Polar Plunge – Sure it’s scary, but how often do you get to jump in the icy waters of Antarctica?
• Go Kayaking – Being on a ship is cool, but kayaking around icebergs and ice flows is amazing.

Antarctica Travel Guides

• How to Pack for an Antarctica Cruise
• Amazing Antarctica in Photos
• Arctic or Antarctica? How to Choose your Polar Expedition
• Sea Kayak Antarctica
• 11 of the Best Things to do in Antarctica
• A Post Office in Antarctica

Accommodation

Antarctica is one of the most expensive places to visit on earth since you must go on an organized cruise or expedition. But there are different budgets. If you fly or travel to Ushuaia, Argentina, you can book last-minute trips and receive up to 50% off.

• Check out our favorite booking platforms Booking.com , Tripadvisor and VRBO for the best deals on accommodation in Ushaia, Argentina.

There is no accommodation on Antarctica, people must stay on an expedition ship.

ince there isn’t a local settlement or culture on Antarctica, the food you get is what you have. Expedition ships prepare some pretty amazing meals.

The Best Ways to Get Around Antarctica

Getting to antarctica:.

Getting to Antarctica : There are a few ways to get to Antarctica. Some expeditions go through Ushuaia and some through New Zealand. It is possible to fly direct to Antarctica

Flights: You can check for the best flights to Ushuaia Argentina on  Skyscanner .

When to go To Antarctica

The season for Antarctica travel is from November to February.

You cannot travel to Antarctica independently and must book a cruise, flight or expedition. We went with Quark Expeditions on The Sea Spirit.

Where to Stay in Antarctica

There is no accommodation on Antarctica. If you are going with an organized expedition, you’re company will include a hotel stay in Ushuaia before your departure.

Check out our favorite booking platforms Booking.com , Tripadvisor and VRBO for the best deals on accommodation in Ushuaia.

What to Pack for Antarctica

The weather in Antarctica is the coldest on the Earth, it is, after all, a high flat plateau of ice covered in snow throughout the year. 

Winter is known for its freezing dry air and unforgiving winds and the summer temperature usually rests below 0°C. In short, bundle up!

• Base Layer  – the base layer should be made of wool or synthetic fabrics – these fabrics offer superior moisture-wicking and temperature control protection.
• Mid Layer  – combined with your base layers, these layers will keep you warm. It is recommended to pack fleece tops and fleece-lined pants.
• Outer Layer –  pack top quality waterproof pants and a waterproof (not water repellent) windbreaker.
• Head, fingers and toes  – don’t forget to cover up with waterproof gloves, an insulated hat and tall wool socks.
• Waterproof Rubber Boots –  some expeditions provide these, but if not then make sure to pack a pair! They  need  to be waterproof so that your feet will not get wet when you step into shallow ice water during Zodiac landings
• Waterproof, waterproof, waterproof  – we can’t stress this point enough. Pants, jackets, gloves and shoes should all be fully 100% waterproof to protect from rainy weather and zodiac landings.
• Sunscreen / Chapstick / Lotion –  you will get dry hands, face and lips in the bright sun and dry air, so make sure the bring the basics. 

See our packing tips for  How to Pack for an Antarctic Cruise

Travel Guide: Best Booking Resources

Whenever we travel to we make sure to start with these companies. We have tried a lot of different ones over the years and all of these have consistently proven to be the best when it comes to offering great prices.

We have used every one of these personally and continue to do so.

• Booking.com : This is our go site to when comparing prices for accommodation. It usually has the cheapest prices, especially in Europe and we love their interface. Not to mention you get free cancellation and you are guaranteed the best price.
• Trip Advisor :  What we like about Trip Advisor is that we can look at all the reviews and then book our accommodation. TripAdvisor is where we go when we want to compare prices with multiple accommodation providers.
• VRBO : is the main search engine we use when we are looking for a home or apartment rental. It can sometimes be cheaper than hotels and it is the best way to stay in areas that offer a more local feel.
• Hostelworld :  With one of the largest databases of hostels in the world, Hostelworld is the go-to site when you are looking for budget accommodation.
• Skyscanner : This is the first place we check for flights. It consistently comes back with the cheapest and best options. It allows us to compare a lot of airlines to get the best price.
• Rome 2 Rio :  If you want to see how to get somewhere by plane, train, bus, ferry or car Rome2Rio lays it all out for you as well as related costs.I love how they show it all to you on a Google Map and it works offline.
• Get Your Guide:  For all your day trip and city guide needs, we use Get Your Guide. It has the world’s largest collection of things to do with more than 30,000 activities in 7500 destinations.
• World Nomads Insurance:  When traveling to Italy you should always have travel insurance. We have found the best bang for your buck is by far World Nomads.

Antarctica Travel Guide: Related Articles

19 Best Things to Do in Antarctica In 2024

Fascinating Facts About Antarctica

Antarctica Photography – 8 Easy Tips and Tricks

2-FOR-1 GA TICKETS WITH OUTSIDE+

Don’t miss Thundercat, Fleet Foxes, and more at the Outside Festival.

GET TICKETS

BEST WEEK EVER

Try out unlimited access with 7 days of Outside+ for free.

Start Your Free Trial

How Do I Get to Antarctica?

Snagging a trip to Antarctica has never been so simple. Still, it's one of the trickiest places in the world to visit. Here are the five ways to get there.

Heading out the door? Read this article on the Outside app available now on iOS devices for members! >","name":"in-content-cta","type":"link"}}'>Download the app .

It used to be that traveling to Antarctica meant playing Russian roulette with your life . Tourism to the coldest, driest, and windiest place on Earth started in earnest in the 1950s, but even 15 years ago, getting there was a challenge. These days, trips to the continent can be tackled with (relative) ease. Just look at the numbers—last year, 37,405 visitors made the trip south, compared with 10,000 in 1999 and zero in 1914.  

Still, it’s the most remote and forbidding stretch of wilderness in the world, exponentially more difficult to reach than nearly every other landmass. You’ll need a permit  and you'll have to follow the Antarctic Conservation Act , which prohibits tampering with the ecosystem in any way. I’ve been to Antarctica four times, and if you want to step foot on the bottom of the world, I can safely say that you have only five options to get there.

#1: Become a Villager

The least expensive (and longest-term) way to reach Antarctica is to work for one of the Antarctic research stations. The United States National Science Foundation (NSF) operates three bases on the continent: Palmer, Amundsen-Scott South Pole, and McMurdo. But you don’t have to have to be a scientist to land a gig. They need operational support such as cooks, plumbers, snow shovelers, pilots, and forklift drivers. Lockheed Martin is the private contractor that operates the U.S. Antarctic research facilities. Check its website  for available positions.

#2: Be an Artist or a Writer

According to the NSF website , working on an artistic project that will “increase understanding of the Antarctic and help document America’s Antarctic heritage” could land you free round-trip airfare and accommodation in Antarctica. They want people focused on long-term projects (sorry, journalists) and have hosted writers, filmmakers, and even instillation artists.

#3: Scientists Wanted

The government will also pay for scientists able to prove that their research will benefit from traveling to Antarctica. Check the NSF website  to see a complete list of funding opportunities.

#4: Sail In 

Most people get to Antarctica via tour operators who assist with logistics. They tend to use boats, which are the most economical way to make the journey, though trips still cost from several thousand to tens of thousands of dollars. Ushuaia in Southern Argentina is the preferred port of disembarkation (and a worthwhile destination in and of itself). You’ll travel past penguins, icebergs, and through the notoriously choppy Drake Passage before you get to Antarctica. Any operator worth his salt is a member of the International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators , which promotes environmentally responsible travel to the continent.

#5: Fly the Icy Skies 

If you want to ski the South Pole, climb Vinson Massif  (the highest peak in Antarctica), or visit the continent’s vast interior, you have to fly. Because no commercial flights exist, you'll have to go through a private logistic operator. Antarctic Logistics Centre International  is based in Cape Town, South Africa , and flies to a Russian base called Novolazareskaya (Novo for short). Adventure Network International  flies from Punta Arenas, Chile, to Union Glacier, a small base where they kick-off guided expeditions. But you won’t find a ticket for less than $20,000 for a spot on their freakishly powerful Russian jet, the Ilyushin II-76 , that lands on a three-mile-long, blue-ice runway.

• Exploration

Popular on Outside Online

Enjoy coverage of racing, history, food, culture, travel, and tech with access to unlimited digital content from Outside Network's iconic brands.

Healthy Living

• Clean Eating
• Vegetarian Times
• Yoga Journal
• Fly Fishing Film Tour
• National Park Trips
• Warren Miller
• Fastest Known Time
• Trail Runner
• Women's Running
• Bicycle Retailer & Industry News
• FinisherPix
• Outside Events Cycling Series
• Outside Shop

© 2024 Outside Interactive, Inc

Journey to the South Pole: How to Travel to Antarctica

How to Travel to Antarctica is a question that sparks curiosity and adventure in many.

Visiting Antarctica , a continent that has seen few human footprints, is an exciting prospect.

Yet, traveling to Antarctica may seem daunting. After all, it's not your everyday vacation destination!

But here’s some good news: with careful planning and preparation, this dream journey can become a reality.

You might be wondering how feasible it really is for you to explore the icy wilderness of Antarctica?

Fret not! This guide will show you exactly how to travel to Antarctica , making what seems impossible entirely possible!  

An Antarctic expedition cruise explores diverse wildlife, with zodiac landings, Antarctic exploration and charming English architecture.

Set off from Punta Arenas, relish four days of Antarctic wilderness, and culminate with a scenic glacial hike and a tour in Ushuaia.

Embark on the Penguin Safari for an expedited journey to South Georgia Island.

Exploring Antarctica: An Overview

Unraveling the geography, diving into history, planning your trip to antarctica.

• Choosing The Best Time To Visit
• Deciding On Your Travel Style
• Selecting A Suitable Route For Your Journey

Embarking on the Adventure: Cruising to Antarctica

Cruise types: finding your perfect fit, your cruise experience unveiled, selecting your ideal journey, flying to antarctica, the fly-cruise option: a quick route to adventure, a few things to keep in mind when flying, luxury air cruises: soaring over the ice cap, what to do in antarctica, penguin safari and wildlife watching, kayaking and camping trips.

• Camping on Antartctica

Your Night Under The Stars

Tents and equipment, where to stay in antarctica, luxury lodges: comfort amidst ice, cruise ship cabins: your floating home, camping on ice floes: an unforgettable experience, making your trip memorable, capturing memories with photography, antarctica photography workshop, photography workshops led by experts, packing your gear for polar conditions, dive into adventure activities, faqs in relation to how to travel to antarctica, how to travel to antarctica, can i legally go to antarctica, how to visit antarctica responsibly.

Learn how to travel to Antarctica , from planning your trip, choosing accommodations to exciting activities. Dive in now.

The enigmatic allure of Antarctica lies in its untouched, pristine beauty. The continent is a land of extremes - it's the coldest, driest, and windiest place on the planet. No other place on earth is like it.

Antarctica showcases breathtaking landscapes that are unparalleled anywhere else on earth. From towering icebergs dotting the Antarctic Peninsula to vast expanses of sea ice surrounding it, nature has sculpted masterpieces here.

Beyond mainland Antarctica lie remote islands like Diego Ramirez and Snow Hill Island - each offering unique exploration opportunities during your visit to this icy wonderland.

Your journey through time begins with tales from early expeditions by pioneers such as Roald Amundsen, which provide intriguing insights into human endurance against harsh conditions while visiting Antarctica. Read more about these explorers' adventures here.

Penguin Safari Epic: A Must-Do Activity

Remember, though; always respect wildlife and the environment since our small actions can have a significant impact on fragile ecosystems.

If photography interests you, then gear up for some spectacular shots. Penguin photography offers travelers an opportunity to capture thousands of penguins from several species in their natural habitat - a rare treat indeed.

• Embark on an extraordinary expedition to the South Pole, where the awe-inspiring Antarctic spring takes hold and blankets everything in a serene hush. This incredible adventure may take you beyond the mainland to explore the remote southernmost regions such as the south shetland Islands, south Georgia via the legendary Elephant, a route that was once fiercely pursued by numerous explorers including the legendary Shackleton.

So get ready... an unforgettable voyage filled with awe-inspiring vistas beckons

Key Takeaway:

Traveling to Antarctica offers a unique, awe-inspiring experience. From its untouched landscapes and historical tales of endurance to photography opportunities with penguins and respecting fragile ecosystems - it's an adventure like no other. So gear up for this unforgettable voyage.

If you're thinking of venturing to Antarctica, there are several elements that require careful thought. From choosing the best time for your trip to deciding on how you want to travel and explore - every detail matters.

The following guide will help make planning this epic journey easier while ensuring a memorable experience in the Antarctic wilderness.

1. Choosing The Best Time To Visit

Your adventure begins with selecting when exactly you wish to set foot on this icy continent. Summer months from November through March provide milder weather conditions, making it an ideal period for most tourists who prefer up-close encounters with seals, penguins, and whales amidst temperatures reaching 20 degrees Fahrenheit at times.

If, however, witnessing the wonderfully powerful Antarctic autumn or experiencing sea ice adventures is what excites you more, then consider off-peak seasons. But do prepare yourself mentally for colder climates and possible changes in plans due to harsher environmental conditions.

2. Deciding On Your Travel Style

You must also decide how exactly you would like t o navigate around the vast expanses of Antarctica's pristine landscapes , depending upon personal preferences towards luxury experiences versus thrill-seeking adventures. This might involve kayaking amongst icebergs under the pure Antarctic silence offered by companies such as Quark Expeditions, known for their unique adventure activities and small ships .

Luxury lovers can opt for upscale expedition ships that typically carry less than 200 passengers, offering gourmet dining options, comfortable accommodations, and panoramic views of the surrounding scenery. Whereas those seeking something different may choose to embark on journeys involving camping trips and other exciting outdoor pursuits instead.

3. Selecting A Suitable Route For Your Journey

A popular route starts in Buenos Aires , where travelers disembark from expedition vessels bound for Ushuaia, Argentina's southern tip, before crossing the Drake Passage and heading towards the Antarctic Peninsula. Perhaps even further south if they've opted for longer voyages, encompassing visits to Diego Ramirez and the Antarctic Express Snow Hill Emperor Penguin Quest destinations. All of this is dependent upon prevailing sea conditions and the duration of the planned stay, respectively.

An alternative choice if you are looking for ultimate luxury could be charter a private expedition yacht.

Key Takeaway: 

Planning your Antarctic journey involves careful decision-making. Choose the best time to visit, considering wildlife encounters and weather conditions. Decide on your travel style - luxury or adventure-filled experiences. Finally, select a suitable route that aligns with your desired destinations and trip duration.

The allure of visiting Antarctica is undeniable. The epic high antarctic adventure south pole bound beckons with its icy landscapes and unique wildlife. But how do you get there? One immersive way to explore this remote part of the world is through an expedition cruise.

Different strokes for different folks - that's true even when it comes to cruising in Antarctica . Whether your heart beats faster at spotting leopard seals, school's of orca, whales or penguin colonies during Antarctic photography sessions or if you're intrigued by historical routes like the route of Shackleton, there's something for everyone.

• Penguin Safari Epic: This type focuses heavily on wildlife encounters, perfect for animal lovers wanting unforgettable experiences such as adding on South Georgia and the Falklands.
• Historical Exploration: These journeys trace paths charted by early explorers while sharing their stories along these historic routes.

An expedition cruise isn't just about getting from point A to B; it offers pure Antarctic silence surrounds where sea conditions become unpredictable but wonderfully powerful Antarctic autumn begins. Expedition ships typically carry between 50-200 passengers, allowing them closer access into narrower channels amidst sea ice which larger vessels cannot navigate through safely due to potential iceberg collisions.

Your travel style should guide your choice - are you seeking serenity amid stunning glacial vistas or adrenaline-pumping adventures like kayaking amongst floating ice formations? Perhaps camping under starlit skies appeals more?

Antarctica, a land of pure Antarctic silence that surrounds you with its breathtaking beauty and the wonderfully powerful Antarctic autumn begins. It's an ultimate icy adventure towards the south pole where one can experience sea ice like nowhere else on earth. But how does one get there? While many opt for cruises from Ushuaia in Argentina , flying directly into Antarctica is another exciting option especially for those who prefer speed over sailing.

If battling sea conditions isn't your idea of fun or if time is pressing, then why not consider a fly-cruise package ? These expeditions take off from Punta Arenas in Chile crossing Drake Passage by air before landing at King George Island located amidst South Shetland Islands. From here embarkation onto expedition ships typically carry travelers further southwards.

This approach significantly cuts down travel time allowing more days spent exploring mesmerizing landscapes filled with penguin safari epic adventures and a myriad of whale watching photography opportunities.

While opting to visit Antarctica by air might seem appealing initially, remember it has its own set of challenges too. Weather patterns are unpredictable causing potential delays, so flexibility becomes key when choosing this mode of transport.

Besides, weight restrictions could limit what gear you bring along, something to consider if you have loads of video and photography equipment.

If luxury experiences define your voyages, then perhaps an air cruise would suit better. With operators offering flights out of Australia, these tours provide panoramic views over vast snow-covered expanses meeting the horizon where Snow Hill Emperor Penguins' quest territory starts unfolding beneath. Imagine experiencing all this without even setting foot on icy terrain?

While Antarctica's beauty is breathtaking, getting there requires careful planning. You can fly directly or opt for a fly-cruise package from Chile, cutting down travel time. However, unpredictable weather and weight restrictions may pose challenges. For luxury voyages, consider air cruises out of Australia.

Antarctica, the last frontier of true adventure. But what exactly can you do on this icy continent? Let's explore some thrilling activities that await.

If wildlife watching is your thing, then prepare for an epic experience with endless penguin encounters. Get up close to different species of penguins, seals, and various birdlife native to Antarctica. 

You can also spot several species of whales during these expeditions. The unique ecosystem here will leave nature enthusiasts spellbound.

Crank up your adrenaline levels by kayaking through icebergs or camping under southern stars amidst sea ice. These are not just mere adventures but rather transformative experiences that push boundaries while ensuring safety at all times due to changing sea conditions. Voyagers Travel , among others, offer such adventure options polar exploration style.

Camping On Antarctica

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to sleep under the stars in one of the most remote places on Earth? Well, visiting Antarctica and camping there is an experience that will exceed your wildest dreams. It's a journey into pure Antarctic silence surrounds where a wonderfully powerful Antarctic autumn begins.

Expedition ships typically carry all necessary equipment and provisions needed for this unique expedition.

A night spent camping in Antarctica is unlike any other outdoor experience. As darkness falls over the icy landscape, you'll find yourself surrounded by towering glaciers and sparkling ice formations. A blanket of countless stars covers the sky above as penguins and their colonies sleep nearby.

The mats and sleeping bags used during our Antarctica nights on the ice are designed specifically for extreme weather conditions with heavy-duty material to protect against harsh winds and low temperatures. For comfort, we provide insulated sleeping bags rated for sub-zero temperatures along with foam pads to insulate from cold ground beneath.

Ready for an icy adventure? Plan your trip to Antarctica. From Penguin Safaris and wildlife watching, to kayaking among icebergs or camping under southern stars. #TravelAntarctica Click to Tweet

Your Antarctic adventure doesn't stop at the end of each day. In fact, where you lay your head to rest is a crucial part of this unique travel experience.

If luxury accommodation is more your style, then fear not. Even amidst the icy wilderness of Antarctica, there are options that cater to those who prefer their adventures with a side serving of comfort and class.

A standout option for high-end lodgings includes eco-friendly camps offering heated dome tents complete with plush beds and private bathrooms - an oasis amid pure Antarctic silence surrounds you. And let's not forget about food; these places serve gourmet meals that could give any fine dining establishment in Buenos Aires a run for its money.

Sailing into the Antarctic circle or exploring the Wedell sea on expedition ships typically carry all types sea conditions experiences right from wildlife viewing to iceberg sightings. But when it comes time to unwind after a day full of exploration, cruise ship cabins offer cozy retreats ranging from basic bunk rooms up till suites featuring balconies overlooking majestic ice landscapes.

Renowned polar voyages operators like Albatross Expeditions and Aurora Expeditions provide comfortable accommodations catering various travel styles while ensuring personalized service during your ultimate south pole journey due to smaller passenger numbers compared larger cruise lines.

The thrill-seekers among us might be enticed by another type of lodging entirely - camping out under the stars on vast expanses known as 'ice floes'. This truly immersive experience offered by many tour operators lets travelers fully immerse themselves into polar exploration. It's nothing short than waking up surrounded by snow hills possibly seeing curious penguins nearby.

Remember though regardless wherever choose stay visiting Antarctica important always respect pristine environment follow guidelines set forth organizations promoting responsible tourism.

Antarctica offers a range of unique accommodations to enhance your polar adventure. Choose from luxury lodges with gourmet meals, cozy cruise ship cabins that navigate icy landscapes, or the thrilling experience of camping on ice floes under starlit skies.

When you visit Antarctica, it's not just about the destination but also how to make your journey unforgettable. Here are some tips on photography and more.

A picture is worth a thousand words - especially when that photo captures the moment where pure Antarctic silence surrounds you or records an epic adventure sailing by Shackleton's infamous Elephant island. You might consider investing in top-notch camera gear before embarking, in many cases an iphone will do. Several photos included here have been taken with a smart phone.

If you're looking to embark on the ultimate adventure to the southern latitudes amongst penguins and schools of beluga, minke and even blue whales, there's no better place than Antarctica. The breathtaking landscapes and diverse wildlife make it a paradise for photography enthusiasts.

The journey usually begins from Ushuaia , where you will board one of the ice strengthened expedition ships. These ships typically carry travelers across the Beagle channel, onwards through the Drake passage and take base at the Antarctic peninsula. This is an experience in itself as pure Antarctic silence surrounds you while traversing through icebergs and witnessing sea conditions unlike anywhere else on earth.

The workshops are led by experts renowned wildlife photographers, who have extensive knowledge about snow and ice, finding the proper light, penguin sightings, taking pictures from zodiacs of whales and leopard seals and in general uplifting your game in photography among other things. These trips usually include the use of forward-facing zodiacs that provide comfort while ensuring that nothing obstructs your view when taking pictures or simply soaking in the beauty around.

In terms of gear required for this trip, remember that weather conditions can be extreme, so pack accordingly! Waterproof jackets and trousers are essential, along with warm clothing layers underneath, because the wonderfully powerful Antarctic autumn begins during these months, which can get quite chilly!

Beyond enjoying the wonderfully powerful Antarctic autumn begins scenery around you, participating actively in various travel style activities available enhances the overall experience dramatically. Imagine taking the polar plunge while your fellow ship mates cheer you on, a dip into the icy waters will for sure awaken your senses.

Journaling Your Journey

The act of journaling offers another intimate way to remember visiting Antarctica; whether jotting down daily observations regarding changing sea conditions over time or personal reflections stirred up due to its exciting passage through the Drake to the unique location far away from regular life pressures back home.

To make your Antarctic journey truly unforgettable, invest in quality photography gear, collect unique souvenirs during the voyage, participate actively in adventure activities like kayaking or camping amidst glaciers and penguins. Additionally, journaling can offer a personal touch to your polar exploration experience.

Travelers typically reach Antarctica via cruise ships from Ushuaia, Argentina. Some also opt for direct flights.

Absolutely. However, you must book a trip with a tour operator that complies with the Antarctic Treaty System's regulations and obtain necessary permits. Our reservations team at Voyagers Travel can help you make the right choice.

To protect its pristine environment, follow guidelines like not disturbing wildlife or leaving waste behind during your visit.

Embarking on a journey to the South Pole is indeed an adventure of a lifetime.

From understanding Antarctica's unique geography and wildlife, planning your trip meticulously, choosing between cruising or flying - every step matters.

You've learned about the exciting activities that await you in this icy wilderness. Sightseeing tours, wildlife watching, kayaking, or even camping on ice floes!

The accommodation options are diverse too; luxury lodges for comfort lovers or camping sites for true adventurers.

Making your trip memorable with photography tips and other ideas has also been covered.

All these elements come together to answer one intriguing question: How to Travel to Antarctica?

It's time to make your Antarctic dreams come true! With Voyagers Travel Company by your side, we ensure a tailor-made travel program focusing on cruises in Antarctica along with other thrilling destinations like the Galapagos Islands and the Amazon River basin . Ready for an unforgettable journey? Visit us at Voyagers Travel , let's make it happen!

Check our Antarctica Cruises:

• Antarctic Explorer: Discovering the 7th Continent plus Cape Horn & Diego Ramirez
• Christmas In Antarctica
• South Georgia and Antarctic Peninsula: Penguin Safari
• Antarctic Express: Crossing the Circle

Suggested Searches

• Climate Change
• Expedition 64
• Mars perseverance
• SpaceX Crew-2
• International Space Station
• View All Topics A-Z

Humans in Space

Earth & climate, the solar system, the universe, aeronautics, learning resources, news & events.

NASA Wins 6 Webby Awards, 8 Webby People’s Voice Awards

NASA’s CloudSat Ends Mission Peering Into the Heart of Clouds

Hubble Celebrates 34th Anniversary with a Look at the Little Dumbbell Nebula

• Search All NASA Missions
• A to Z List of Missions
• Upcoming Launches and Landings
• Spaceships and Rockets
• Communicating with Missions
• James Webb Space Telescope
• Hubble Space Telescope
• Why Go to Space

Astronauts Home

• Commercial Space
• Destinations
• Living in Space
• Explore Earth Science
• Earth, Our Planet
• Earth Science in Action
• Earth Multimedia
• Earth Science Researchers
• Pluto & Dwarf Planets
• Asteroids, Comets & Meteors
• The Kuiper Belt
• The Oort Cloud
• Skywatching
• The Search for Life in the Universe
• Black Holes
• The Big Bang
• Dark Energy & Dark Matter
• Earth Science
• Planetary Science
• Astrophysics & Space Science
• The Sun & Heliophysics
• Biological & Physical Sciences
• Lunar Science
• Citizen Science
• Astromaterials
• Aeronautics Research
• Human Space Travel Research
• Science in the Air
• NASA Aircraft
• Flight Innovation
• Supersonic Flight
• Air Traffic Solutions
• Green Aviation Tech
• Drones & You
• Technology Transfer & Spinoffs
• Space Travel Technology
• Technology Living in Space
• Manufacturing and Materials
• Science Instruments
• For Kids and Students
• For Educators
• For Colleges and Universities
• For Professionals
• Science for Everyone
• Requests for Exhibits, Artifacts, or Speakers
• STEM Engagement at NASA
• NASA's Impacts
• Centers and Facilities
• Directorates
• Organizations
• People of NASA
• Internships
• Our History
• Doing Business with NASA
• Get Involved
• Aeronáutica
• Ciencias Terrestres
• Sistema Solar
• All NASA News
• Video Series on NASA+
• Newsletters
• Social Media
• Media Resources
• Upcoming Launches & Landings
• Virtual Events
• Sounds and Ringtones
• Interactives
• STEM Multimedia

NASA’s ORCA, AirHARP Projects Paved Way for PACE to Reach Space

Hubble Spots a Magnificent Barred Galaxy

NASA’s Optical Comms Demo Transmits Data Over 140 Million Miles

NASA Shares Lessons of Human Systems Integration with Industry

Work Underway on Large Cargo Landers for NASA’s Artemis Moon Missions

NASA Open Science Initiative Expands OpenET Across Amazon Basin  

Amendment 11: Physical Oceanography not solicited in ROSES-2024

Sols 4166-4167: A Garden Full of Rocks

Sols 4164-4165: What’s Around the Ridge-bend?

Sols 4161-4163: Double Contact Science

NASA’s Chandra Releases Doubleheader of Blockbuster Hits

Explore the Universe with the First E-Book from NASA’s Fermi

Dr. Douglas Hudgins

NASA Photographer Honored for Thrilling Inverted In-Flight Image

NASA’s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter Team Says Goodbye … for Now

NASA Langley Team to Study Weather During Eclipse Using Uncrewed Vehicles

NASA Data Helps Beavers Build Back Streams

NASA’s Near Space Network Enables PACE Climate Mission to ‘Phone Home’

Washington State High Schooler Wins 2024 NASA Student Art Contest

NASA STEM Artemis Moon Trees

NASA Glenn Joins Big Hoopla STEM Challenge

First NASA Mars Analog Crew Nears End of Mission

Diez maneras en que los estudiantes pueden prepararse para ser astronautas

Astronauta de la NASA Marcos Berríos

Resultados científicos revolucionarios en la estación espacial de 2023

Frequently asked questions.

What is Antarctica?

• Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent on Earth. It is almost completely covered in ice. Antarctica covers the Earth’s South Pole.

What Is Antarctica Like?

• Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. The average temperature in the winter is minus 34.4 Celsius (minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit). The temperature in the center of Antarctica is much lower than the temperature on the coasts. The lowest temperature ever recorded in Antarctica was minus 89.4 C (minus 129 F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Antarctica was 15 C (59 F).
• Antarctica has just two seasons: summer and winter. Antarctica has six months of daylight in its summer and six months of darkness in its winter.
• The seasons are caused by the tilt of Earth’s axis in relation to the sun. The direction of the tilt never changes. But as the Earth orbits the sun, different parts of the planet are exposed to direct sunlight. During summer, Antarctica is on the side of Earth tilted toward the sun and is in constant sunlight. In the winter, Antarctica is on the side of Earth tilted away from the sun, causing the continent to be dark.
• Antarctica is considered a desert because it receives very little rain or snowfall. The small amount of snow that does fall does not melt but builds up over hundreds and thousands of years to form large, thick ice sheets. Antarctica’s terrain is made up of glaciers, ice shelves and icebergs. Antarctica has no trees or bushes. The only plants that can survive the extreme cold are lichens, mosses and algae.

Who Lives in Antarctica?

• Antarctica is too cold for people to live there for a long time. Scientists take turns going there to study the ice. Tourists visit Antarctica in the summers. The oceans surrounding Antarctica are home to many types of whales. Antarctica is also home to seals and penguins.

What Can NASA Learn About Earth from Studying Antarctica?

• NASA uses satellites to study the ice on Antarctica and how the continent is changing. Scientists want to know how changes in Earth’s climate are affecting Antarctica’s ice sheets. They also want to know how changes in Antarctic ice might affect Earth’s climate.
• One tool that NASA uses is the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite, or ICESat. Using ICESat, NASA can measure changes in size of Antarctica’s ice sheets. ICESat also helps NASA understand how changes in Earth’s atmosphere and climate affect polar ice and global sea levels. Melting ice sheets may impact sea levels all over the world.
• NASA instruments have also helped scientists create detailed maps of the surface of Antarctica. The maps help researchers when planning trips to Antarctica. They also give the public a clearer view of the continent.

What Can NASA Learn About Space from Studying Antarctica?

• Antarctica is also a good place to find meteorites, or rocks that fall from space to Earth. The number of meteorites found in Antarctica is equal to the number of meteorites found in the rest of the world combined. This is because meteorites are easier to see on the white ice, and because meteorites that fall to Antarctica become preserved in the ice.
• NASA scientists have used the Antarctic environment to study Mars. The desert conditions in Antarctica are like the conditions on Mars. NASA tested robots in Antarctica that later landed on Mars.
• NASA scientists also went to Antarctica to study astronaut nutrition. Like people in Antarctica in the winter, astronauts in space are not in the sunlight. The sun helps the human body make vitamins. Scientists study people that visit Antarctica to learn how to help astronauts in space get enough vitamins.

Explore More

NASA Selects New Crew for Next Simulated Mars Journey

NASA Shares Medical Expertise with New Space Station Partners

Discover more topics from nasa.

Humans In Space

Space Station Research and Technology

• How to Tie a Tie
• Best Coffee Beans
• How to Shape a Beard
• Best Sweaters for Men
• Most Expensive Cognac
• Monos vs Away Luggage
• Best Luxury Hotel Chains
• Fastest Cars in the World
• Ernest Hemingway Books
• What Does CBD Feel Like?
• Canada Goose Alternatives
• Fastest Motorcycles in the World

How to Visit Antarctica: 5 Ways of Getting to the Bottom of the World

If you’ve ever dreamed of traveling to Antarctica but have no idea as to how to make it happen or where to even start, we’ve broken it down for you to help you plan your epic adventure to the seventh continent. Whether you are a budget traveler or have income to spare, there are options for everyone, depending on how much time you have on your hands. There’s even a day-trip option for those who just want to knock it off their bucket list without having to spend days on a ship. However you decide to get there, we hope to inspire you to learn more about one of the most remote parts of the world.

Hop on an Icebreaker

Hope for a no-show, take a cruise, embark on an expedition, a private experience.

Before the boom in Antarctica tourism, you may have heard tales of people making their Ushuaia, Argentina, also known as the “end of the world,” which also happens to be the starting point for many Antarctica-bound ships. Backpackers and penny pinchers would go to the docks and offer money to mostly Russian ice-breakers that were headed towards Antarctica on their way to drop off supplies, or which were continuing to another destination for whatever reason. These ships are not meant for tourism and are therefore not at all comfortable, and you might even find yourself bunking in a room with some hard-working yet unfriendly sailors. This is by no means the best way to see the 7th continent, but during its peak popularity, it was the cheapest way to get there. But since you are on a working ship, don’t expect any stops or even narration as to where you are during the experience. In recent years, this type of travel has mostly been restricted to very limited spots and if you think you are the only person with the brilliant idea of jumping on a Russian icebreaker, you’d be sorely wrong. If you do plan to attempt this type of travel, know that it can at times take weeks to find space on a ship, and since there is such a demand, what used to cost barely nothing, has turned into a bidding war for space.

Another option for budget seekers with time is to again, make their way to Ushuaia and knock on the door of ever tour operator you can find. Rarely, but at times, you can jump on a ship at the last minute, taking over a cabin that either wasn’t sold or has a no-show for someone who suffered a major delay and is unable to make the trip in time. Some operators sell the cabins at a reduced price due to it being last minute. That being said, the more well-known companies are steering away from doing this as guests who have paid the big bucks don’t appreciate knowing that someone could walk up to the ship the day of departure and pay about half of what they paid (which is still in the thousands).

• Portland’s VooDoo Doughnut voted most overrated tourist attraction in the world (and we know why)
• How to Enjoy a Hawaiian Vacation with the Kids in Tow
• How to Spend 36 Hours in Santiago, Chile

When it comes to tourism trips to the continent, there are two options to choose from. The first is a standard cruise on a massive ship with lots of people. These larger passenger ships are billed as Antarctic experiences as they get you as close to the peninsula as possible but rarely go further south due to the size of the ship and its inability to maneuver through ice sheets. Additionally, if the ship can dock, due to the capacity of the ship, not everyone is able to step foot on land as there are strict guidelines as to the number of people per vessel that can step foot on the continent per day. These cruises can be much less expensive than the second and more desirable option, the expedition cruise.

If you’ve dreamed of making it to Antarctica and you’ve saved up your hard-earned money, an expedition-style cruise on a small passenger ship is your best option. These small ships tend to max out at 150 guest, making the experience a lot more intimate, which means you will have more time to step foot on the continent and take part in activities like kayaking. National Geographic Expeditions , in partnership with Lindblad Expeditions offers some of the best tours to Antarctica. Not only are you being catered to on a small ship with like-minded travelers, but you are also joined by a team of biologists, geologists, and undersea specialists who will offer insights and engaging presentations throughout the trip. In addition, each expedition has an onboard photo instructor and National Geographic photographer to ensure you are taking the very best images. National Geographic Expeditions offers 4 sailing options starting at $15,000, $18,000, $25,000, and $48,000, respectively.

One of the benefits of traveling to Antarctica by private jet is how much travel time you’ll be able to shave off since traveling to the continent via boat takes at least four days, while a jet can get you there in a matter of hours from Chile or South Africa (not to mention skipping the seasickness). Plus, imagine the views of the icebergs from above. At the moment, there are no commercial flights to Antarctica, so if you plan on flying, private is the only way to do so. White Desert Antarctica is one of the premiere services offering flights to the continent. Travelers fly deep into the heart of the ice pack and stay at White Desert’s private camp before heading out for any number of adventures, like checking out a colony of Emperor penguins or visiting the research station at the South Pole. Getting to one of the world’s most remote continents isn’t cheap and will cost you around $100,000. The company also offers a 24-hour trip from Cape Town on an excursion they call “The Greatest Day.” Twelve passengers fly over icebergs to the land of continual sunshine, landing at the base of Wolf Fang peak, a stunning geological formation of jagged kilometer-tall rocks rising out of the ice-laden landscape. A hike to a lookout point is finished off with a champagne picnic at one of the most remote places on earth, and before 24 hours is up, you’re back in the warmth of the African continent. The 24-hour adventure costs approximately $14,000.

Editors' Recommendations

• Visiting London? You’ll soon be able to check out secret World War II tunnels once used by spies and soldiers
• Want to climb to the top of the world? Here’s how long it takes to climb Mount Everest
• Colorado Beyond the Snow: 10 Things to Do Once Ski Season Is Over
• Visiting One of America’s Oldest Dude Ranches, Tanque Verde Ranch
• The Best Travel Destinations to Visit This December
• Destinations

The seventh continent isn’t just for scientists and researchers, it has become a go-to bucket-list destination for avid travelers who want to see a place that so few have seen. One of the great things about Antarctica is that while you are there, you are witnessing nature in its most raw and natural form, untouched by man. If you want to get an insider view of what you can expect to see on a journey to Antarctica, we’ve compiled a photo series to help inspire you to travel there. Expedition Style If you are hankering a true Antarctic experience, your best option is to book a sailing expedition. Expeditions don’t necessarily follow an exact itinerary as they adapt to their surroundings and often change course due to various factors like weather or ice sheets, which make them a bit more exciting than a standard cruise. National Geographic Expeditions offers four options from 14 to 35 days, all with a max group size of 148 passengers, which means, everyone will have multiple opportunities to step foot on the continent. In addition, sailing with National Geographic Expeditions means that you will have a team of biologists, geologists, and undersea specialists on board who will offer insights and engaging presentations throughout the trip. In addition, each expedition has an on-board photo instructor and National Geographic photographer.

When thinking about Hawaii, you often picture cocktails, beaches, and relaxation. However, Hawaii can also be a thrilling and adventurous destination. There are plenty more things to do than golfing green pastures and sipping Blue Hawaiians, especially on Oahu and Kauai. Oahu Atlantis Adventures Since 1988, these sustainable battery-powered submarines have been a great family-friendly and mellow way to explore the sea. During a recent trip to Hawaii, I took a dive at the Waikiki location, where artificial reefs have been installed to create more areas for fish to inhabit. There are also reefs that have grown over old wartime aircraft remains.

Atlantis Adventure is a good option for those who do not want to or can’t scuba dive. You get to see the ocean in the comfort of air-conditioning with a host to lead the tour. Also, how many times can you say you have been in a submarine? You descend to 100 feet underwater for closeup views of some turtles and a variety of fish that don’t normally visit the surface. ‘Iolani Palace For those who want to take in a bit of Hawaii’s history, ‘Iolani Palace will take you back to the Kamehameha Dynasty (the 1800s). Be sure to opt for a guided tour to get the full scope of the royal residence and how it came to an end. It is one of the oldest and best-known buildings in Hawaii. Its story is grand and contains dark memories, including the imprisonment of the native Hawaiians' own Queen during her reign due to great opposition from her own subjects. She was overthrown, stripped of future claims to the thrown, sentenced to hard labor, and confined to her own palace bedroom for almost a year.

When you think of Whistler, British Columbia, the Canadian town (population 12,000) tucked between the bases of Whistler and Blackcomb Mountains, you probably think of skiing. If so, you're spot on. Indeed the resort hosted many of the downhill events during the 2010 Winter Olympics held in nearby Vancouver, and is considered one of the finest downhill spots on the planet.

Then again, if on hearing the name Whistler your first thoughts are of mountain bikes, you're right there, too. Whistler is the birthplace and site of the main and final event of the annual Crankworx World Tour -- arguably the biggest circuit in mountain biking today -- and the go-to destination for tens of thousands of mountain bike enthusiasts, the sport that transformed Whistler from a pricey, upscale ski town to ... a pricey, upscale multi-sport town.

Protect Your Trip »

The 7 top antarctica cruises for 2024 + tips from an expert.

Plan your next epic adventure to the White Continent.

The Top Antarctica Cruises

Yuri Matisse Choufour | Courtesy of Hurtigruten Expeditions

Experience otherworldly beauty on an Antarctica cruise.

An expedition to Antarctica is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure for intrepid travelers who want to explore this remote destination at the bottom of the world. The landscapes are surreal, with eerily blue icebergs, towering ice-capped mountains, dramatic weather conditions that change within seconds and species of wildlife that exist nowhere else on Earth – it's hard to imagine until you've made the long journey yourself.

The fifth-largest continent is home to the largest ice sheet on the planet, the Antarctic Ice Sheet, as well as the Transantarctic Mountains, with peaks soaring more than 14,700 feet into the sky. West Antarctica has volcanoes that are part of a tectonically active area around the Pacific Ocean known as the "Ring of Fire." This incredibly diverse and magical part of the world also has the coldest temperature ever recorded at -135.8 degrees Fahrenheit in 2010.

U.S. News has compiled a selection of seven different Antarctic experiences to help you plan your bucket list adventure to the White Continent.

Book an Antarctica cruise on GoToSea , a service of U.S. News.

Atlas Ocean Voyages: 11-night Ushuaia Roundtrip

Courtesy of Atlas Ocean Voyages

This 11-night expedition with Atlas is available on several dates in 2024. One highlight of the voyage is crossing the Antarctic Circle, along with four days exploring Antarctica and two days spent in the South Shetland Islands. You'll also have two days en route to Antarctica and two days on the return trip on the famed Drake Passage – also known as the "Drake Lake" (on smooth days) or the "Drake Shake" (when the seas are rough).

During your days at sea, take in all the onboard lectures and films about Antarctica, and head outside on the decks to see petrels and albatrosses soaring overhead. This is the perfect opportunity to practice your photography skills before reaching the Antarctic Peninsula, where you want to take nothing but pictures and leave nothing but footprints.

Atlas' Jan. 14 expedition is on the line's newest ship, World Voyager. The purpose-built yacht-style vessel features a hydro-jet propulsion system that's quieter and less disruptive to the fragile ecosystem. This feature also provides the opportunity for guests to see more wildlife during up-close encounters. Pricing is all-inclusive on board the ship with free open bars; all meals, wines, spirits and craft beers; a stocked in-room minibar; all landings, Zodiac excursions and lectures; the use of kayaks, walking sticks, knee boots and binoculars; and a souvenir Atlas jacket to take home. Fares also include a one-night pre-cruise stay and private charter jet service round-trip from Buenos Aires to Ushuaia, Argentina.

Aurora Expeditions: Antarctic Peninsula in Depth

Tyson Mayr | Courtesy of Aurora Expeditions

Aurora offers a 14-night Antarctic intensive voyage sailing round-trip from Ushuaia on Nov. 6, 2024, aboard the 132-passenger purpose-built expedition ship Greg Mortimer. This vessel was the first passenger ship to utilize the state-of-the-art Ulstein X-BOW, which provides a smoother, quicker and more efficient transit across the ocean. The ship also incorporates many environmentally conscious features, including low energy consumption and virtual anchoring, which protects the sea floor and minimizes damage caused by traditional anchors.

Guests will find expansive observation decks and hydraulic viewing platforms for optimal wildlife viewing on board. Other highlights of the expedition are nine full days to explore the Antarctic Peninsula in nearly 24 hours of daylight at the peak of summer. During this time, you can expect to see whales arriving to feed on the plentiful krill, fur seal pups and many entertaining penguins.

Prices are mostly all-inclusive, with a one-night hotel stay before boarding the ship; all meals, snacks and complimentary nonalcoholic beverages; beer and house wine at lunch and dinner; the use of Muck Boots for the expedition; all shore excursions and Zodiac cruises; educational lectures; and more. Adventurous explorers can add on activities (at an additional cost) such as sea kayaking, snowshoeing, camping, and skiing or snowboarding. The line also offers longer 20- to 24-day expeditions that include South Georgia Island.

Read: Sustainable Cruises: The Top Lines Making Progress

Hurtigruten Expeditions: Antarctica, Patagonia and Chilean Fjords Expedition

Dan Avila | Courtesy of Hurtigruten Expeditions

For an extended adventure that includes crossing the Drake Passage twice, spending up to five days in Antarctica and then landing on Cape Horn in Chile (weather permitting), consider the 25-night grand expedition cruise aboard the Hutrigruten Expeditions' MS Roald Amundsen. Additional highlights are scenic cruising in Garibaldi Fjord in Alberto de Agostini National Park to see the Garibaldi Glacier; visiting the town of Puerto Natales, the gateway to Torres del Paine National Park ; and seeing the longest Southern Hemisphere glacier outside of Antarctica (which grows by as much as 150 feet a day), the Pio XI Glacier in Bernado O'Higgins National Park. This epic adventure begins March 9, 2024, in Buenos Aires and ends in Valparaíso, Chile.

The ship for the voyage, MS Roald Amundsen, is a hybrid vessel that reduces CO2 emissions by using electrical propulsion – and it's designed specifically for use in polar waters. The vessel carries just 500 guests (to adhere to regulations for visiting Antarctica) and features all exterior cabins with Scandinavian inspired decor. Guests will also find an Explorer lounge and bar, three dining venues, the Science Center, a sauna and spa, and other amenities. Fares are mostly all-inclusive, covering a complimentary expedition jacket; the use of expedition equipment like boots and trekking poles; landing activities; most dining options; and wine, beer and soft drinks at meals.

Lindblad Expeditions – National Geographic: Journey to Antarctica: The White Continent

Ralph Lee Hopkins | Courtesy of Lindblad Expeditions

Lindblad Expeditions was the first company to bring citizen explorers to Antarctica in 1966, pioneering travel to this remote destination. The line's 13-night expedition to Antarctica is offered nearly 20 times throughout the summer season in 2024 on one of three ships. Depending on the ship, guests will have one evening in either Buenos Aires or Santiago, Chile , before flying to Ushuaia the next morning to embark the vessel.

With about five days to explore Antarctica, you'll have time to take in the awe-inspiring landscapes and look for seals and blue-eyed shags up close from Zodiacs. On land, watch thousands of Adélie and gentoo penguins as they playfully slide down the snow-covered hills on their bellies – one right after the other – diving headfirst into the icy waters. After the adventure, a private charter flight will return you to either Buenos Aires or Santiago before your return flight home.

The line's newest expedition vessel, National Geographic Resolution, accommodates just 138 guests – and there are two new cabins for solo cruisers . Guests on the Polar Class 5 vessel will have a National Geographic photographer and a Lindblad-National Geographic-certified photo instructor and video chronicler documenting the trip. Onboard amenities include a yoga studio, a wellness specialist, infinity-style hot tubs, two restaurants and a chef's table, and plenty of indoor and outdoor viewing areas. This ship also carries an ROV (a remotely operated vehicle) for underwater exploration and other high-tech video gear.

You can even book an overnight stay in an igloo (on a first-come, first-served basis) and spend the evening under the polar sky. Fares are mostly all-inclusive and include all onboard meals and most meals ashore; nonalcoholic and alcoholic beverages; transfers; excursions; a complimentary jacket; and more.

Silversea: King George Island to King George Island (Antarctica Bridge)

Courtesy of Silversea

Silversea's six-night Antarctica Bridge expedition takes guests round-trip by a business class flight directly to the Antarctica Peninsula, flying into King George Island from Punta Arenas, Chile. This itinerary is offered several times throughout the season for guests who don't have extensive time to travel – or are nervous about sailing the Drake Passage. Silversea 's pricing is all-inclusive, and guests can choose between door-to-door or port-to-port fares.

While the weather determines the specific itinerary in Antarctica, guests can expect to have several excursions in the Antarctic Sound and as many as nine excursions on the Antarctic Peninsula that include hiking, kayaking and scenic Zodiac cruises with the expedition team. There's also one excursion in the South Shetland Islands, where you can look for massive elephant seals. There will be an abundance of bird and animal viewing on wildlife-rich King George Island, the largest of the South Shetland Islands, which is home to Adélie, chinstrap and gentoo penguins as well as Weddell and leopard seals.

Oceanwide Expeditions and Swoop Antarctica: Quest for the Emperor Penguins of Snow Hill Island

Getty Images

Swoop Antarctica's 10-night adventure-filled journey takes wildlife and history enthusiasts into the ice-choked waters of the Weddell Sea, past towering tabular icebergs, in search of the emperor penguin's rookery on Snow Hill: one of the most remote penguin rookeries on the planet. The incredible itinerary also sails through the same waters where famed Antarctic explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton's ship, the Endurance, sank in 1915 – and to the rarely seen west slopes of the Antarctic Sound.

Other highlights include Zodiac and helicopter landings (weather permitting) to additional remote locales, including Seymour Island, where the Swedish Antarctic Expedition of 1901 to 1904 spent a winter season; Brown Bluff, one of the most scenic places on the northern tip of the Antarctic Continent and home to a large Adélie penguin rookery; and the volcanic crater of Deception Island.

There are two sailings in November 2024 on board the 1A-class, ice-strengthened Oceanwide Expeditions' Ortelius: a 108-passenger former Russian research vessel. Fares includes all meals and nonalcoholic beverages, all Zodiac and shore excursions, educational lectures, helicopter transfers, and group transfers. Optional adventure activities, alcoholic beverages and other personal expenses are at an additional cost.

The onboard helicopter pad is one of the features of the vessel and is used on select expeditions in the Weddell and Ross seas. It's important to note that very few companies offer expeditions to the Weddell Sea that include Snow Hill Island. While Ortelius is not a luxury vessel like other ships mentioned in this list, it is a stable expedition-style ship built for these icy – and at times treacherous – waters and weather conditions.

Viking: Antarctica & South Georgia Island

Courtesy of Viking

Viking's 18-night Antarctica and South Georgia Island expedition begins with an overnight stay in Buenos Aires followed by a flight the next morning to Ushuaia, the southernmost city in the world. The first two stops on the expedition are in the Falkland Islands, where you'll find beautiful scenery with imposing cliffs, many types of marine birds and five species of penguins. In South Georgia, watch for king penguins and seals. Then, it's on to Antarctica for days 12 through 16. Guests will have the option to reserve a spot on the Viking DNV-classed submarine for a thrilling journey into the depths of the frigid waters in Antarctica. The return sailing, by way of the Drake Passage, disembarks in Ushuaia.

In 2024, this itinerary is available Jan. 31 and again Dec. 15 on Viking Octantis. The purpose-built Polar Class 6 vessel accommodates up to 378 guests and offers many of the same venues found on Viking's ocean ships, including the Explorers' Lounge, World Café, Mamsen's, Manfredi's Italian Restaurant and the Nordic Spa. There are also expedition-specific features, such as Expedition Central, the Science Lab and – for educational lectures and briefings – the Aula theater. Viking's fares are mostly all-inclusive, with all meals and wine and beer served with lunch and dinner; 24-hour specialty teas, coffees and nonalcoholic beverages; a keepsake Viking jacket; complimentary use of the excursion gear; and more.

Find an Antarctica cruise on GoToSea.

Tips on Trips and Expert Picks Newsletter

Travel tips, vacation ideas and more to make your next vacation stellar.

Sign up to receive the latest updates from U.S News & World Report and our trusted partners and sponsors. By clicking submit, you are agreeing to our Terms and Conditions & Privacy Policy .

Expert tips on Antarctica expeditions

There are many factors to consider when planning an Antarctica expedition, including where you want to travel to, the length of the trip and whether you want to sail the famed Drake Passage twice.

To provide helpful insights and information to plan your trip, U.S. News reached out to an expert in the region, Aurora Expeditions' expedition leader, Ashley Perrin , for tips on planning your adventure to the White Continent. Perrin has degrees in both geography and oceanography from the University of Southampton. She was appointed as the first woman boating officer in Antarctica by the British Antarctic Survey in 2009, and has led multiple expeditions to Antarctica, South Georgia and the Falklands.

Which month is best (in your opinion) to travel to Antarctica and why? 

Perrin: "My favorite time to travel to Antarctica is the end of December or beginning of January, because the penguin chicks are starting to come out and you get the most wildlife spotting opportunities, with marine mammals, penguins and albatross – on top of the spectacular scenery."

What length of trip do you recommend for first-time visitors?

Perrin: "The 10- to 12-day Spirit of Antarctica or Antarctic Explorer (with Aurora Expeditions) is a fantastic introduction to the Antarctic Peninsula. If you had the additional time and opportunity, ideally you would also opt for a voyage that visits South Georgia. For many travelers, this is really the jewel in the crown of the Antarctic experience because of the incredible wildlife opportunities here."

What should you look for in an expedition ship/tour when planning a trip to Antarctica?

Perrin: "Travelers should look for a high-quality educational experience, including lectures and opportunities for Citizen Science. This is such a fascinating and important destination, and you want to ensure you can learn and take as much in as you can. A pivotal factor in this is also choosing a company that offers low passenger numbers.

"Travelers don't have enough of an understanding of the impact of this on their voyage. In the Antarctic Peninsula only 100 people are allowed on land at one time, while at some sites it is 30 to 50 people. Having smaller groups enables passengers to have more time off ship exploring and connecting with nature, and this has such a significant impact on your experience.

"If you like to be a little more active, I would also highly recommend an operator that offers activities, such as kayaking in Antarctica. This allows you to see Antarctica from a different viewpoint and the silence is amazing. You still have opportunities to do landings as well, so I think it's the best of both worlds."

Do you prefer the combination fly/sail for the Drake Passage or sailing the Drake Passage both ways?

Perrin: "I prefer to sail both ways as it's how you earn your right to get to Antarctica! You also get more opportunities to see wildlife like seabirds, and it gives you extra time to prepare for the Antarctic experience through pre-lectures and education. Travelers arrive with more of an understanding of what to expect."

Any other tips, advice or comments you'd like to share?

Perrin: "Do your research into the operator you are choosing and their different offerings – things like passenger numbers, expedition team experience and off ship activities – as these can all have a significant impact on the travel experience. There is also a big difference between traditional cruise operators and expedition operators and what travelers can expect. We ensure that our passengers are exploring and getting off the ship as much as possible.

"I would also add that it's important to do your research into the areas that you're most interested in. For example, it could be history, exploration and walking in someone's footsteps (such as Sir Ernest Shackleton), or the types of wildlife you might see. Having a deeper understanding of the history and the region really does enhance the experience once you are there."

Frequently Asked Questions

An expedition where you get off the ship and make landings on the Antarctic peninsula typically costs about $10,000 per person for a 10-night voyage. However, depending on the cruise line, the ship and dates of travel – and whether you sail or fly the Drake Passage – you could spend as much as $29,000 per person for a 12-night expedition or more. There are slightly lower prices for some expeditions, such as a few with Hurtigruten Expeditions, and you can find reduced fares and deals with lines like Atlas Ocean Voyages and Quark Expeditions. In addition, there are extended polar expeditions that range from a 14-night trip to the 94-night Pole-to-Pole Ultimate Bucket List Expedition Cruise with Hurtigruten Expeditions, which is priced at close to $48,000.

If you're not interested in getting off the ship in Antarctica to see penguins and seals up close (but no closer than 15 feet, according to the Antarctic Treaty), you can opt for a voyage on a large cruise ship that sails around the continent for a much lower cost. Just know that you won't be able to disembark at any point in Antarctica. For example, Norwegian Cruise Line has a 14-night Antarctica and South America voyage that makes a round trip from Buenos Aires, Argentina, for as low as $999 per person. You may be able to find even cheaper fares from lines such as Celebrity Cruises or Princess Cruises.

It's important to note that by the rules set forth in the Antarctic Treaty, only ships carrying 500 or less passengers are permitted to make landings on the Antarctica peninsula. The Antarctic Treaty, along with the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators, has strict conservation protocols and regulates that no more than 100 passengers are allowed to go ashore at one time. The IAATO works with more than 100 Antarctica outfitters to create the guidelines and safety procedures to protect the fragile environment and wildlife in this remote part of the world.

The following cruise lines offer small ship expeditions in Antarctica with no more than 500 passengers. You can also look at tour companies – such as Abercrombie & Kent, G Adventures, Adventure Life and Swoop Antarctica – that exclusively charter ships or help navigate the decision-making process for their clients and book individual expeditions with the cruise lines.

• Atlas Ocean Voyages
• Aurora Expeditions
• Hapag-Lloyd Cruises
• Hurtigruten Expeditions
• Lindblad Expeditions – National Geographic
• Quark Expeditions
• Scenic Luxury Cruises & Tours
• Seabourn Cruise Line

These larger cruise lines offer sailings around the Antarctic Peninsula, which may include scenic cruising in and around the Gerlache Strait, Elephant Island, Paradise Bay and Schollart Channel.

• Celebrity Cruises
• Holland America Line
• Norwegian Cruise Line
• Oceania Cruises
• Princess Cruises
• Regent Seven Seas Cruises
• Royal Caribbean International

The answer depends on the expedition. The majority of passengers will depart from South America in either Ushuaia, Argentina – which is also known as the "End of the World" – or Punta Arenas, Chile. Then it will take approximately two days to cross the Drake Passage to reach the Antarctic Peninsula. Some lines also offer chartered flights from Punta Arenas to Antarctica, which only take about two hours. Some passengers who have taken the flight say it can be as unnerving as sailing the Drake Passage, since weather conditions can delay the flight for up to several days where you could potentially miss the trip.

Cruises on larger ships that only sail around the Antarctic Peninsula may embark in Buenos Aires; Santiago, Chile; Puerto Williams, Chile; Rio de Janeiro; ports in Florida or New Zealand; or even the South Shetland Islands.

The expedition and cruise season to Antarctica extends from November to March, which is during the austral summer in the Southern Hemisphere. But Antarctica is still the windiest, coldest and driest continent on Earth, so weather conditions are unpredictable and can change quickly – even during the summertime. One minute the sun may be out, and the next minute it can be snowing and extremely windy and cloudy.

Visitors in November can expect temperatures between a low of 25 degrees to a high of 32 degrees Fahrenheit. The warmest temperatures are typically in January, when you'll find days ranging between 33 to 36 degrees before they start to drop again in February.

Most expedition companies provide jackets that you can take home, so you won't need to bring a heavy parka if it's given to you on board. They may also provide waterproof boots that you'll need to use for wet landings. It's best to check with your expedition line to see what's available on the ship, what you can rent or buy, and what you'll need to pack and bring with you. Due to the unpredictable weather, it's advisable to bring different types of layers.

Here are some of the items you'll want to pack:

Layers: Pack at least two top and two bottom quick-drying base layers (or more, depending on the length of your expedition) that wick moisture, such as those made of silk, wool or bamboo. It does get toasty when you're layered up and moving around ashore, so choose lightweight options that will layer easily under the rest of your clothing and keep you warm and dry. For your mid-layer top, go with a lightweight polar fleece or vest; for the bottom, quick-drying warm tights or fleece pants are a good option.

You'll also want to layer what's on your feet, starting with a wicking pair of socks made from silk or synthetic polypropylene, followed by a good pair of merino wool socks from a brand like Smartwool. Glove liners are another must, especially if your hands tend to get cold. If you can, buy insulated waterproof gloves with removable liners to save packing an extra item. You may also want to toss a few hand and foot warmers in the suitcase in case you need extra warmth. Bring a lighter pair of insulated gloves for warmer days off the ship.

And don't forget a lined wool beanie, a set of earmuffs, and a balaclava or fleece neck gaiter to keep your ears and face warm and your nose and mouth protected from the cold air and wind.

Waterproof gear: The parka and tall waterproof boots may be provided on the ship, but if they're not, you'll need to bring your own. You'll also need wind- and waterproof pants to go over your base layer and mid-layers. If they're tapered at the bottom, you should be able to tuck them into your boots. Perrin says this is one of the most important items you should purchase and pack for your expedition.

Comfy clothes ­and shoes for around the ship: Most people dress casual on Antarctica cruises, so bring clothes that will be comfortable for days and evenings around the ship. It can get rough when crossing the Drake Passage, so you'll want flat or low-heeled shoes for those days at sea.

Other items you'll want to pack:

• Waterproof dry pack
• Sea-Bands and medications for motion sickness
• Camera and accessories with a waterproof cover
• Hiking poles (unless the ship has them available)
• Swimsuit (you may want to take the polar plunge!)
• Other necessary medications
• Hydrating lip balm and a good protective moisturizer
• Polarized sunglasses
• Books on the history of early exploration in Antarctica and the incredible wildlife

Why Trust U.S. News Travel

Gwen Pratesi has been an avid cruiser since her early 20s. She has sailed on nearly every type of cruise ship built, including the newest megaships, paddle-wheelers on the Mississippi River, and an 18-stateroom river ship on the Mekong River in Vietnam and Cambodia. She has also cruised on a traditional masted sailing ship and on a small luxury expedition vessel in Antarctica crossing the notorious Drake Passage twice. Pratesi covers the travel and culinary industries for major publications including U.S. News & World Report.

You might also be interested in:

• Cruise Packing List
• Alaska Cruise Packing List
• The Best Alaska Cruise Lines
• The Best Time to Cruise to Alaska
• The Best Cruise Insurance Plans

Tags: Travel , Cruises

World's Best Places To Visit

• # 1 South Island, New Zealand
• # 4 Bora Bora

If you make a purchase from our site, we may earn a commission. This does not affect the quality or independence of our editorial content.

You May Also Like

The best florence tours.

John Rodwan April 25, 2024

How Much Does a Cruise Cost?

Gwen Pratesi April 24, 2024

The Best Whale Watching in Cape Cod

Lyn Mettler April 24, 2024

Best Whale Watching Tours in Maine

Marisa Méndez April 23, 2024

The Best Wineries in Napa Valley

April 23, 2024

The Best East Coast Beaches

April 19, 2024

The Best Luggage Brands

Rachael Hood April 17, 2024

The Best Hard-sided Luggage Picks

Erin Evans , Rachael Hood , Catriona Kendall , Amanda Norcross and Leilani Osmundson April 17, 2024

The Best Carry-on Luggage

The Best Yellowstone National Park Tours

John Rodwan April 17, 2024

5 Possible Ways for Ordinary Individuals to Travel to Antarctica

W hen we think of Antarctica, we usually imagine floating icebergs, vast colonies of penguins, and a place that seems distant and otherworldly, almost like a planet outside of reality, based on what we’ve seen on TV. Antarctica covers 9.2% of the Earth’s land surface. Since the first humans set foot there in 1821, Antarctica has become a bucket-list destination for explorers and travelers for over 200 years. However, finding someone in our surroundings who has been to Antarctica is like finding a needle in a haystack. So, is it possible for ordinary tourists to visit Antarctica, the southernmost continent on Earth? Of course, if you’ve studied Antarctic-related subjects, you could visit as a scientist or research facility staff member. Professionals like chefs, beauticians, and plumbers can also apply to work at Antarctic research bases. However, in this article, we’ll focus on purely travel-related ways for people like us, ordinary individuals, to visit Antarctica. Here are five ways for normal individuals to travel to Antarctica.

1. Embark on a Cruise Journey

The most common way to reach Antarctica is through a cruise journey. Most cruises to Antarctica depart from Ushuaia, the southernmost city in Argentina, in South America. Typically, you can choose from 10-day to 3-week packages. However, it’s important to note that the grand luxury cruises we often imagine are not feasible due to the difficulty of navigating the large Antarctic ice. The available ships range from 45 to 280 passengers. Remember that these cruise packages can cost anywhere from a minimum of $4,500 to as much as $16,000 for a 10-day trip.

2. Take a Day Trip by Plane

The quickest way to reach Antarctica and see the entire continent in one go is through a day trip by plane. However, you won’t be able to step on the continent and can only enjoy the Antarctic view through the plane’s windows for a few hours. Tour guides provide snacks inside the plane and kindly explain the surrounding landscapes and history. Currently, these day trips by plane to Antarctica depart exclusively from Australia. Reservations are usually fully booked, and prices can range from $1,000 to $8,000, depending on seat availability and peak/off-peak seasons.

3. Reserve a Luxury Airline + Ski + Camping Package

Luxury airline packages, available only a few times a year, are offered in Australia, Chile, and South Africa. Some of these packages include camping, skiing, and hiking courses. Camping for one night and two days can be arranged for around $4000, but ski or hiking packages spanning one to two weeks can cost between $40,000 and $55,000. Prominent companies offering these packages include The White Desert, The Antarctic Company, and Adventure Network International.

4. Board the French Supply Ship

By signing a contract for a €8,030 (approximately $9,000) package with the travel agency Mer et Voyages in Paris, you can embark on the French supply ship called Marion Dufresne II, which departs from Réunion Island in the southeastern part of Africa and travels to Antarctica for a month. It’s worth mentioning that ordinary individuals can also board this supply ship.

5. Participate in Extreme Marathons or Ski Competitions

That’s right. The Ultra Ice Marathon and Half Marathon occur annually in Antarctica. By paying around €15,000 (approximately $16,500), which includes the cost of the flight departing from Chile, anyone can register for these events. Additionally, through the company Ski Antarctica, you can apply to participate in the Antarctic ski competition.

How To Visit Antarctica?

• Classic Antarctica
• Polar Circle
• Antarctica Express
• Antarctica & South Georgia
• Patagonia & Chilean Fjords
• Falklands (Malvinas) & South Georgia
• Falklands, South Georgia & Antarctica
• The Falklands
• South Georgia
• Magellan Explorer
• Magellan Discoverer
• Explorers House
• Download Your Brochure
• Our Flights to Antarctica
• Promotions & Adventure Activities
• Antarctica21 Travel App
• Essential Travel Tips
• Travel Requirements
• The A21 Journal
• A21 In the News
• Sustainability

A Quick Guide to Visiting Antarctica

Wednesday, November 25, 2020

• Expeditions
• Travel Tips

How to Visit Antarctica?

If you are asking yourself how to visit Antarctica, you’ve arrived at the right place. Read through some of the most common questions we get when planning a visit to Antarctica. 

How much vacation time do I need to visit Antarctica?

There are a few ways to get there. First, take into consideration the time it takes to get to the 7th Continent. Plan for two full weeks away and some buffer time in your arrival destinations, like Santiago and Punta Arenas , Chile. It takes at least a full day of travel to Santiago, Chile, and then another four and half hour flight to get to Punta Arenas, the gateway to our air-cruise Antarctica expeditions. 

When is the best time to visit Antarctica?

The Antarctic travel season is during the Austral Summer, starting in November to the end of February. The most popular time to travel is during December and January, and it’s essential to book your trip in advance to get the dates you want. The other months often offer Antarctica wildlife and weather surprises, so you should consider traveling then as well. There is no wrong time to visit Antarctica; read here for a full overview of when to visit. 

What is the right kind of Antarctica expedition for me?

There’s a lot to choose from when thinking about how to visit Antarctica. What kind of trip do you want to take, when you want to go to Antarctica, and how to get there.

If you’re short on vacation days or want to skip over the infamous Drake Passage, we suggest taking one of our Antarctica air-cruises. An air-cruise allows you to save on time getting to Antarctica with a short and comfortable 2-hour flight . With this flight, you also don’t have to worry about rough sea crossings.

We offer  four types of air-cruises , each offering you something different for your Antarctica trip.

What should I consider when choosing an Antarctic cruise company?

Finding the right expedition to Antarctica also means looking into the value of your trip. Antarctica is one of the most remote travel destinations in the world. Getting there is an investment of time, energy, and, of course, money. Different companies have different models, but we believe that cruising Antarctica on a small ship adds value. 

• Guest to Guide Ratio: Antarctica expedition guides are some of the most exciting people around. Imagine spending your time in Antarctica with an expert in glaciers, snowshoeing with someone who has climbed Everest, or an Oceanographer who knows the secrets of migrating whales; that’s the crew who will travel with you. We have 12 guides per departure.  
• No Waiting in Line: The rules for landing in Antarctica only allow 100 people to disembark at once. Having a ship with only 75 guests on it means you don’t wait in a group to set foot on land; you just put your boots on and get outside. 
• Flexibility:  Antarctica is one place where you are totally at the whims of mother nature; that is part of the adventure. For Antarctica21, operating on a small scale affords us more flexibility, which is an operational advantage. For example, if there is inclement weather, we can react faster and move to a different daily plan quicker by being small. 

How do I prepare for travel to Antarctica?

Traveling to Antarctica also means planning your travel way ahead of time. International flights, visas, travel insurance – it’s all a part of the planning process. Here’s help on how to plan the perfect Antarctic expedition !

You will need clothing similar to ski gear and to think about how to pack light. If you are taking an air-cruise, there is a weight limit for baggage (including hand luggage) of 20 kg (44 Lb.). During the austral summer, the Antarctic Peninsula’s average temperature, where most Antarctica cruises sail, is about 0º C (32º F). But it may feel lower because of the wind chill factor.

For more planning advice, read our travel tips page here . Also, one of the best things you can do to prepare for Antarctica is to read the IAATO’s guidelines for visiting Antarctica. Find them here . 

Do you have more questions about how to travel to Antarctica?  Let us know , and we will be happy to help you! 

Share this on social media!

Download the Ultimate Guide

This essential guide includes:

• Insider information on flights to Antarctica
• The pros and cons of sailing and flying to Antarctica
• Weather information and detailed flight statistics
• Expert tips to consider before booking

Doing research for your trip? You can’t miss this guide!

Ready to Start Planning?

Antarctica is like no other place on Earth and we invite you to explore it with us. Complete this short form to receive a customized quote from our team and start planning your Antarctic air-cruise today!

Want to be the first to know about new departures and exclusive promotions?

We're here to help plan your trip of a lifetime and customize your journey.

Update April 12, 2024

Information for u.s. citizens in the middle east.

• Travel Advisories |
• Contact Us |
• MyTravelGov |

Find U.S. Embassies & Consulates

Travel.state.gov, congressional liaison, special issuance agency, u.s. passports, international travel, intercountry adoption, international parental child abduction, records and authentications, popular links, travel advisories, mytravelgov, stay connected, legal resources, legal information, info for u.s. law enforcement, replace or certify documents.

Before You Go

Learn About Your Destination

While Abroad

Emergencies

Share this page:

Travel Advisory January 19, 2023

Antarctica - level 2: exercise increased caution.

Reissued with updates to health information.

• Exercise increased caution in Antarctica due to environmental hazards posed by extreme and unpredictable weather  and limited emergency services.
• The U.S. government is unable to provide consular services to U.S. citizens in the Antarctic Region. The closest U.S Embassies/Consulate s are in Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, and South Africa.  U.S. government resources in the Antarctic Region are committed to the U.S. Antarctic Program, per longstanding U.S. policy . 

Read the country information page for additional information on travel to Antarctica.

If you travel to Antarctica:

• Obtain comprehensive travel, medical, and medical evacuation insurance; see our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage.
• Travel with a professional guide or organization such as those that are a member of the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators, or, if organizing a private expedition, be self-sufficient.
• Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program ( STEP ) to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations.  Review the Traveler’s Checklist .
• Follow the Department of State on Facebook and Twitter .
• Read the Department of State’s COVID-19 page before planning any international travel.
• Visit the CDC page for the latest Travel Health Information related to your travel.
• Contact the Department of State’s Office of Ocean and Polar Affairs for information at [email protected] .

Embassy Messages

View Alerts and Messages Archive

Quick Facts

Required by transit countries

May be required by transit countries.

None for Antarctica. May be required by transit countries.

Embassies and Consulates

The United States does not maintain an embassy or consulate in Antarctica. If you are in need of U.S. consular services while in Antarctica, contact the U.S. embassy or consulate in the country next on your itinerary or nearest to you for assistance. Links to the embassies and consulates most commonly called upon to provide services are below:

• U.S. Embassy Buenos Aires, Argentina
• U.S. Consulate General Melbourne, Australia
• U.S. Consulate General Perth, Australia
• U.S. Consulate General Sydney, Australia
• U.S. Embassy Santiago, Chile
• U.S. Consulate General Auckland, New Zealand          

24/7 Emergency Contact at the Department of State: From within the United States: 1-888-407-4747 From outside the United States: 1-202-501-4444

Destination Description

Learn about the U.S. relationship to countries around the world.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

• Any expedition to the Antarctic Region could have an impact on the environment and its ecosystems.  To manage those risks and impacts, the Antarctic Treaty and the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty establish certain obligations on the Treaty Parties with regard to expeditions to the Antarctic Treaty area.
• The Treaty obliges each Party to give advance notification of all expeditions to and within Antarctica, on the part of its ships, aircraft, or nationals, and all expeditions to Antarctica organized in or proceeding from its territory.
• U.S. tourists who have booked passage to Antarctica on a commercial cruise regulated by an Antarctic Treaty Party, such as those that are a member of the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators ( IAATO.org ), normally would be covered by the vessel operator’s and/or tour company’s advance notification. Always check with your tour operator about advance notification coverage.
• Any U.S. nationals organizing a private expedition to Antarctica in the United States, or proceeding to Antarctica from the United States,  should initiate the process by notifying the Department of State at least three months prior to the intended travel to the Antarctic Treaty area.  Contact the Department of State’s Office of Ocean and Polar Affairs for additional information at [email protected] .
• Visit the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators website for more information on visitor guidelines.

Find information on dual nationality , prevention of international child abduction and customs regulations on our websites.

Safety and Security

Environmental Hazards:

• The greatest threats to travelers to the Antarctic Region are environmental hazards posed by the severe elements and changeable weather.
• Among the more common threats are frostbite, dehydration, eye damage from reflected glare, overexposure to the sun, and maritime accidents.
• Additionally, emergency response capabilities including search and rescue are restricted due to limited availability, long distances, and environmental hazards.

See our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage .

See our webpage on help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

Once in a country, we can:

• Help you find appropriate medical care
• Assist you in reporting a crime to the police
• Contact relatives or friends with your written consent
• Provide general information regarding the victim’s role during the local investigation and following its conclusion
• Provide a list of local attorneys
• Provide information on victim’s compensation programs in the U.S.
• Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support in cases of destitution
• Help you find accommodation and arrange flights home
• Replace a stolen or lost passport

Domestic Violence: U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence are encouraged to contact the Embassy for assistance.

Tourism:  No formal tourism industry infrastructure is in place on any level. Tourists are considered to be participating in activities at their own risk. Emergency response and subsequent appropriate medical treatment is not available in Antarctica. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance. See our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage .

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties: Some Treaty Parties, including those that claim territory in Antarctica, may seek to apply their laws to persons in Antarctica. Furthermore, some laws remain applicable to certain persons in Antarctica and may subject them to prosecution in the U.S.  For examples, see our website on crimes against minors abroad and the Department of Justice website.

Arrest Notification: If you are arrested or detained in transit to/from Antarctica, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately.  See our webpage for further information.

The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctica Treaty designates Antarctica as a natural reserve.  Additionally, the Antarctic Conservation Act , which protects native mammals, birds, plants, and their ecosystems, applies to all U.S. citizens and expeditions that originate from the United States.

• Several areas are afforded special protections as they have been designated as having ecological, scientific, historical, or other significance.
• It is forbidden to bring any non-native species into Antarctica. This includes live poultry, pet dogs and cats, and household plants or seeds.
• It is prohibited to take or harmfully interfere with Antarctica wildlife except in accordance with a permit issued by a national authority.

Antarctica has no public hospitals, pharmacies, or doctor’s offices.  Although cruise ships and land-based expeditions should have the capacity to treat minor ailments, medical emergencies often require evacuation to a country with modern medical facilities, which could require travel over a significant distance.  There is no guarantee that transportation would be available or that weather conditions would allow for transportation, even in an emergency.

• Search and rescue resources in Antarctica are extremely limited.   Cost of search and rescue efforts are borne by the person/s in need of the assistance.  Travelers should obtain comprehensive travel, medical, and medical evacuation insurance prior to departure; see our webpage for more information on overseas insurance coverage .
• There are no public utilities, such as phone or Internet service providers, in the Region.

We do not pay medical bills. Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance.

Medical Insurance: Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas.  Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments.  Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription.

Vaccinations: Be up-to-date on all vaccinations recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further health information:

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Air Quality: Visit AirNow Department of State for information on air quality at U.S. Embassies and Consulates

Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about Adventure Travel .

Travel and Transportation

There is no direct air service from the United States to Antarctica.  Flights to and over Antarctica are operated from a number of countries to include Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, South Africa, and others.  If you are traveling to Antarctica, please check our country information page for the country from which you are departing to get more on aviation safety standards in that country.  Further information may be found on the FAA’s safety assessment page .

Maritime Travel: Mariners planning travel to Antarctica should also check for U.S. maritime advisories and alerts .  Information may also be posted to the U.S. Coast Guard homeport website , and the NGA broadcast warnings .  Due to maritime incidents, tourists have suffered severe injuries and/or death in the Antarctic Region and when traveling between South America and the Antarctica and in the Antarctic area. 

For additional travel information

• Antarctica Tours
• Antarctica Travel Guide
• Antarctica Travel Advice

How to get to Antarctica: 5 Routes to Take

• 3.98K views
• ~ mins read

Antarctica has been a fascinating destination for travelers ever since famous explorers, Ernest Shackleton and Robert Scott explored it first, and rightly so. A largely uninhabitable region, 98% of Antarctica is covered in ice so thick it plunges to an average depth of 1.9 km. It is also the coldest place on earth and has one of the highest elevations. It is thus not surprising that it is only inhabited by some 5000 people, mainly scientists, who have been known to take up residence in the region at different times of the year. And if you want to join the scientists (for a short period of time) at Antarctica it is possible. An Antarctica trip is far less treacherous a prospect than it was in the past. Modern-day travelers have the options to fly or cruise to Antarctica from different places in the world. Read on to find out all how you can get to Antarctica.

How to travel to Antarctica: Fly or cruise?

The decision whether to fly or travel to Antarctica by cruise ship depends on three things: how much time you have, what you wish to see and how much money you would like to spend. Read below for quick facts about the different travel options.

1. Cruise to Antarctica

• This is the most popular way to see Antarctica.
• A cruise can take anywhere from ten days to three weeks.
• There are various routes to take depending on where you wish to depart from.
• There are smaller and larger cruise ships traveling to Antarctica, each of which has benefits and drawbacks (discussed in detail below).
• Traveling by ship is also the most environmentally friendly option. Not only does it negate the need for the construction of permanent dwellings and other infrastructure on the continent, but it also has a lower carbon footprint than air travel.

2.  Fly to Antarctica

• These days, flying to Antarctica is becoming increasingly popular.
• There is no commercial airport in Antarctica.
• Arriving by plane involves the use of private air travel and can be rather limited.
• Hop on a jet from Cape Town and spend as much as eight days or as few as 12 hours in Antarctica.
• Fly over Antarctica as part of a sightseeing tour.

3. Fly-cruise option

• You could opt for a fly-cruise option which shortens the trip’s overall length and bypasses the dreaded Drake Passage.
• The option allows you to experience both flying and cruising to Antarctica.

Popular routes to Antarctica

There are many starting points for a journey Antarctica. Here are the most popular routes to Antarctica, with different start points, pathways, and modes of transportation. 

1. Ship Cruise from Argentina

Although there are other South American ports such as Tierra del Fuego in Argentina and Port Stanley in the Falkland Islands offering departures for Antarctic cruises, departing from Ushuaia is by far the most popular route to take when going to Antarctica.

Ushuaia is situated closer to the Antarctic peninsula than other departure points, hence less time is spent travelling to Antarctica and more time is spent on the peninsula. The most scenic of all Antarctic regions, the Antarctic peninsula is a mountainous area where one will see icebergs, glaciers and abundant wildlife.

The Antarctic peninsula is most easily accessed by travelling from South America. Cruises from South America can be as short as 6 days and would usually include the South Shetland islands. Longer trips offer the opportunity to visit the Falkland Islands and South Georgia.

There are a variety of cruises, departing Ushuaia, to Antarctica. Cruise types, dates and itineraries are varied and there is plenty of availability.

• Duration: 6 to 24 days
• Cost: Between USD 6,000 and USD 25,000
• Good to know: If you are travelling to South America as part of your Antarctic tour, make the most of your trip by visiting some incredible South American destinations. Some suggestions are, the Galapagos Islands , Rio de Janeiro and Machu Picchu .

You can also find cruise tours that start from Ushuaia and takes you through Drake Passage, Antarctic Peninsula, Falkland Islands and other interesting destinations.

2. Fly-cruise from Chile

In order to reach the Antarctic peninsula, the Drake Passage must be crossed. It takes two days to cross the Drake Passage by ship, and rough seas may be encountered depending on the weather. However, it is possible to avoid the Drake Passage crossing by choosing a fly-cruise package. This involves flying to King George Island, where you will join a cruise before returning by plane to the mainland. This gives you an opportunity to cruise along the western peninsula where waters are calmer. You can also go ashore to experience the same sightseeing and wildlife opportunities as you would with a longer cruise.

• Duration: 8 days
• Cost: Between USD 10,000 and USD 15,000
• Good to know: If you have limited time and do not wish to spend more time on a ship than is necessary, then the fly-cruise option is ideal.

3. Ship cruise from Australia  or New Zealand

More of an expedition than a cruise, you are unlikely to encounter other vessels or people, apart from your shipmates. You will see huge icebergs, Mount Erebus (an active volcano), the Ross Shelf, emperor penguins, scientific bases and the sites of historic 20th century Antarctic expeditions. If you are looking for a feeling of vast openness, isolation and remoteness, this is the trip to take!

Visiting Antarctica from Hobart in Australia or Invercargill, Port of Bluff or Dunedin in   New Zealand involves an eastern approach, via the Ross sea, as well as a visit to the Eastern Antarctic shore. It takes about 7 days to reach Antarctica from Australia or New Zealand. The trip normally includes stops at wildlife-rich islands such as Macquarie Island, Snares, Auckland and Campbell Islands. Because it takes longer to reach the peninsula from the east than it does from the west, the trip can take anywhere from 26 to 30 days and tends to be more pricey.

There are also fewer vessels departing from Australia or New Zealand, and thus less choice with regard to dates and itineraries.

• Duration: 26 to 30 days
• Cost: USD 16,000 and USD 30,000
• Good to know: Vessels departing from New Zealand and Australia are smaller and carry no more than 50 passengers. These trips are rare and should be booked well in advance to avoid disappointment.

4. Flying-in from South Africa or Chile

Flying to Antarctica is quite rare, with fewer than 500 people per year choosing this option. The key motivating factors for flying to Antarctica include reaching the South Pole, exploring the Antarctic interior (which is not accessible by ship) and spending extended time with penguins.

The flying season is short (December to February) and there are no scheduled flights. Flights need to be specially booked or chartered through a specialized tour operator, such as those based in Punta Arenas , Chile and Cape Town , South Africa.

Departing Punta Arenas, the flight from Chile is a mere 4 hours by private Jet. You will land on an ice runway and make camp at Union Glacier Camp. Spend a day acclimatizing through light activities and take another flight to the geographic South Pole on day 3. Return to Union Glacier Camp where you will spend a further two days exploring and taking in the landscape. Tours can be switched up with other highlights such as a visit to the penguin colony.

There are three types of trips available from Cape Town to Antarctica. You can opt to stay for 8 days, 4 days or as little as a single day. The longer 4 and 8-day trips involve landing at an airstrip in Queen Maud Land and staying in a luxury tented camp which accommodates only twelve people at a time. Travel does not get more exclusive than this!

• Duration: 1 to 10 days
• Cost: USD 15,000 to USD 84,000
• Good to know: This type of trip includes bragging rights such as skiing at the South Pole, sleeping in an igloo and camping with emperor penguins.

Here are some more tours to Antarctica from Punta Arenas.

5.   Flying over Antarctica — departing from Chile

For those with money to burn and an appetite for the truly outlandish, Antarctica can be seen from the comfort of a private aircraft.

• Duration: 1 day
• Cost: USD 6,000
• Good to know: For a few thousand dollars more you can opt to land at the South Pole for a longer, more interactive experience.

Choosing a Cruise liner

The type of cruise liner or expedition vessel you choose may be one of the most important decisions you will make regarding an Antarctica cruise . The vessel size will impact the type of journey you have. Ships range from carriers accommodating between 50 and 500 passengers. Large cruise liners are sturdier and passengers are less susceptible to motion sickness. They are also often more spacious, better furnished and offer on-board entertainment.

Smaller vessels on the other hand can access more ports and have shorter disembarkation queues. It is important to ensure that the operator you choose is a member of the International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO).

When to go and what to pack

Antarctica is often described as a frozen desert because it receives so little rainfall (10 cm per year). While the landscape is barren, it is nevertheless breathtakingly beautiful. The glaciers are a wonder to behold as is the spectacular wildlife. There are penguins, seals and whales to be seen in Antarctica. A camera and a good pair of binoculars are great to have when travelling to Antarctica.

The best time to visit Antarctica is during summer i.e. between November and March. While the region remains cold, temperatures vary between 5° C (41° F) and 15° C (59° F). It is important to dress for the weather. Thermal underclothes, knee-length waterproof boots and pants as well as a good jacket are essential items to pack.

Sunburn is a genuine concern when visiting Antarctica because ultraviolet rays are reflected off the snow. During the summer months, you can generally expect between 16 and 24 hours of sunlight each day. There are times of the year, such as midsummers day, when Antarctica receives 24 hours of continuous sunlight.

Finally, if you’re taking the cruise option, it is important to carry anti-nausea medication as seasickness is a common problem for ocean travellers.

Travel tips

• Since no country can lay claim to Antarctica, no visas are required. You will however need to apply for a permit to travel to Antarctica. This can usually be arranged through your tour operator.
• Activities, such as snorkelling, kayaking and skiing often cost extra and must also be arranged with your tour operator up-front.

Many well-travelled voyagers consider Antarctica to be the seventh continent and as such the final destination to check off their bucket lists. With the many travel options available, deciding how to get to Antarctica may require some careful consideration. Whether you choose to fly or cruise, a trip to Antarctica promises to be as otherworldly an experience as one is likely to encounter.

Related Articles

Best Time to Visit Antarctica

The best time to visit Antarctica is during t... read more

Ushuaia to Antarctica: Top 2 Travel Routes

Explore the extremes of our planet on an unfo... read more

How to Plan a Trip to Antarctica: A Guide

A trip to Antarctica is a bucket list item fo... read more

10 Ways Travel can Improve Your Health and Happiness

You can share the above image on your site vi... read more

Budget Travel to Antarctica: Top Tips

To even the most seasoned globetrotter, Antar... read more

Argentina to Antarctica: How to Travel

Home to a spectacular icy landscape, mega gla... read more

Related Categories

• What To Do In Antarctica
• When To Visit Antarctica
• Previous Post

Popular Destinations

• Europe Tours
• Everest Base Camp Trek
• Italy Tours
• Spain Tours
• Argentina Tours
• Canada Tours
• Sri Lanka Tours
• Chile Tours

Why are these emperor penguin chicks jumping from a 50-foot cliff?

The first-of-its-kind footage, taken in January 2024 via drone, captures a rare event that may become more common as sea ice declines and penguins are forced to adapt.

Like a group of teenagers crowding at the top of a cliff, waiting to see if someone will be brave enough to jump into the lake first, hundreds of months-old emperor penguins gather at the top of an Antarctic ice shelf towering roughly 50 feet above the sea.  

Motivated by hunger, the fledglings peer over the edge, as if considering whether they might survive a polar plunge from such a height.

Then one bird goes for it.  

Some of the onlookers crane their necks to watch it plummet and splash into the icy water below. Seconds later, the chick surfaces and swims away—off to fill its belly with fresh fish, krill, and squid. Gradually, other fledglings follow, tumbling and flapping wings built for traversing water, not air.

Filmmakers producing a documentary series called Secrets of the Penguins , which will debut on Earth Day 2025 on National Geographic and Disney+, captured the extraordinarily rare scene by drone in January in Atka Bay, on the edge of the Weddell Sea in West Antarctica . It’s the first video footage of emperor penguin chicks leaping from such a high cliff, according to scientists.

“I cannot believe they caught it on film,” says Michelle LaRue, a conservation biologist based at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. LaRue, who did not witness the jump, had visited Atka Bay to consult on the film crew’s third year of documenting emperor penguin behavior, from egg laying to chick fledging.

FREE BONUS ISSUE

Ordinarily, emperor penguins nest on free-floating sea ice that thaws and blows away each year, not on the ice shelf, which is firmly attached to the land. But lately, some colonies have been nesting on the shelf. Scientists theorize that the shift could be related to increasingly earlier seasonal thawing of the sea ice caused by climate change .

The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists the world emperor penguin population , estimated to be about 500,000 birds, as near threatened due in large part to how climate change is impacting its icy realm.   (Read more about the bleak future for emperor penguins.)

In early January 2024, in the final weeks before the sea ice broke up at the end of the Southern Hemisphere summer, filmmakers spotted   a group of chicks that LaRue thinks were likely raised on the ice shelf waddling north toward the cliff. Curious about where they were headed, the filmmakers dispatched a drone for a bird’s-eye view. Gradually, more chicks joined the dawdling group, growing in numbers until there were a couple hundred standing at the top of the bluff.

‘I’m gonna have to go’

Gerald Kooyman , a research physiologist who has spent more than five decades studying emperor penguins in Antarctica, says he has only seen such an event once—more than 30 years ago.

“Drifting snow had formed a gently sloping ramp from the sea ice onto a grounded iceberg, and a flock of departing chicks had marched up the ramp onto the berg,” Kooyman writes in his book Journeys with Emperors , published in November 2023.

“They were stopped by a 20-meter [roughly 67-foot] cliff over a sea that was sometimes open water and other times crowded with ice floes.” Over the course of a couple days, almost 2,000 chicks assembled at the ledge.

“Finally, they started walking off the cliff,” writes Kooyman, an emeritus professor with the Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in California.

“Not jumping or leaping, just stepping out and falling head over heels, sometimes doing two flips before hitting the water with a resounding plop.” (See more incredible photos of emperor penguins.)

This phenomenon is rare, say scientists who monitor penguins from satellites in space. Peter Fretwell , a British Antarctic Survey scientist who has studied satellite imagery of the Atka Bay emperor colony for several years, occasionally sees penguin tracks going north toward that cliff. He theorizes that the chicks in January may have followed one or two vagrant adults that “went the wrong way, basically.”

Juvenile emperors usually fledge from the sea ice, hopping just a couple feet into the ocean. But these fledglings found themselves in a tricky location for entering the water while likely feeling extremely hungry, the scientists say. Their parents had already gone to sea, sending the message that it’s time for them to fish for themselves, and the chicks had been sitting tight waiting for their sleek, waterproof adult feathers to grow in, replacing their down.

“When they get to this cliff face, they’re like, ‘Alright, I see the ocean and I need to get in there,’” LaRue says. “This does not look like a fun jump, but I guess I’m gonna have to go.”

Resilient birds

While the scientists do not think the cliff-jumping incident was directly related to climate change warming Antarctica, Fretwell says the continuing decline of sea ice on the continent may force more emperors to breed on ice shelves, therefore making the behavior more common in the future.

Scientists have been concerned about the sudden decrease in Antarctic Sea ice since 2016 and the likely dire consequences for emperor penguins’ long-term survival.

“We estimate that we could lose the whole population by the end of the century,” Fretwell says. “It’s heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it’s on at the moment.”

LaRue remains hopeful about the emperors’ ability to adapt, and she considers the recent high dive caught on film a testament to their hardiness.

“They’re incredibly resilient,” she says. “They have been around for millions of years; they’ve seen lots of different changes in their environment. It’s a question of how rapidly they’re able to deal with the changes that are happening—and how far they can be pushed.”

• Environment
• Perpetual Planet
• History & Culture

History & Culture

• History Magazine
• Mind, Body, Wonder
• Paid Content
• Terms of Use
• Privacy Policy
• Your US State Privacy Rights
• Children's Online Privacy Policy
• Interest-Based Ads
• About Nielsen Measurement
• Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information
• Nat Geo Home
• Attend a Live Event
• Book a Trip
• Inspire Your Kids
• Shop Nat Geo
• Visit the D.C. Museum
• Learn About Our Impact
• Support Our Mission
• Advertise With Us
• Customer Service
• Renew Subscription
• Manage Your Subscription
• Work at Nat Geo
• Sign Up for Our Newsletters
• Contribute to Protect the Planet

Copyright © 1996-2015 National Geographic Society Copyright © 2015-2024 National Geographic Partners, LLC. All rights reserved