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Airline and TSA Carry-On Restrictions

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Table of Contents

Airline-specific carry-on luggage rules

Tsa liquid limits, how many ounces are allowed on a plane, additional tsa carry-on rules, final thoughts on tsa rules for carry-ons.

Whether you’re purposefully packing light or supplementing your checked luggage, it’s important to keep Transportation Security Administration (TSA) carry-on luggage size in mind when packing a bag and heading to the airport.

After all, not all airlines allow full-size carry-ons for free, and most have slightly different rules on carry-on bag size. Don’t get caught unaware at the gate; hefty baggage fees and inconvenience may await.

» Learn more: Want TSA Precheck for free?

Here’s what you need to know about airline and TSA carry-on size allowances.

Airline carry-on dimensions differ depending on the carrier. When purchasing your flight, you’ll be able to see your carry-on and personal item limits.

A personal item is typically a small backpack, purse, briefcase, diaper bag, camera bag or any item of a similar size that can fit underneath the seat in front of you. A carry-on bag could be anything from a large backpack to a small rolling suitcase. But it’s less shape than size that matters, so here are carry-on luggage size restrictions for each of the major domestic airlines:

Alaska Airlines

On an Alaska Airlines flight, you can bring a carry-on and a personal item for free.

Carry-on bags are limited to 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high including wheels and handles. All three measurements shouldn’t add up to more than 45 inches.

For personal items, Alaska offers examples of a purse, laptop or briefcase.

Alaska doesn't list weight limits, but it says that passengers should be able to lift items that go in an overhead bin.

» Learn more: Guide to Alaska Airlines baggage and other fees

American Airlines

For an American Airlines flight, passengers get one personal item and one carry-on, no matter what type of fare is bought (elite members included).

Carry-on bags shouldn’t be larger than 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high including handles and wheels.

Dimensions of personal items should not exceed 18 inches long, 14 inches wide and 8 inches high.

There are no weight restrictions for carry-on luggage.

» Learn more: American Airlines bag fees: How they work, how to avoid them

Delta Air Lines

Delta flyers are allowed one carry-on bag and one personal item.

Including wheels and handles, measurements may not exceed 22 inches long, 14 inches width and 9 inches high. The total length plus width plus height of baggage must not exceed 45 linear inches.

For personal items, Delta says size examples are purses, small backpacks and laptops.

Three places have weight limits: Singapore (7 kg, about 15.4 pounds), Beijing (10 kg, about 22 pounds) and Shanghai (10 kg, about 22 pounds).

» Learn more: Delta Air Lines baggage fees: How they work, how to avoid them

Frontier charges for both checked luggage and carry-on bags, and the price depends on the route you fly. It also varies depending on if you buy the bags before via the web or mobile app, at the ticket desk, or the boarding gate.

Carry-on bags must weigh less than 35 pounds and must not exceed 10 inches deep, 16 inches wide and 24 inches high. Bags must fit in the overhead bins.

Checked bags must be no longer than 62 linear inches (length + width + depth) and must weigh under 40 pounds. Bags weighing more than 40 pounds will incur additional charges per bag per direction. Bags weighing 41-50 pounds will cost you $50 more and bags weighing 51-100 pounds will cost $100 more.

Personal items cannot exceed 8 inches deep, 18 inches wide and 14 inches high.

» Learn more: Frontier baggage fees: How they work

Not all JetBlue passengers are allowed the same carry-on items. Passengers who bought Basic Blue fares get one personal item (except Mosaic customers who always get a carry-on). Blue, Extra Blue, Blue Plus and Mint fares allow one carry-on and one personal item.

Including wheels and handles, length, width and height measurements may not exceed 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high.

Personal items can be no more than 17 inches long, 13 inches wide and 9 inches high or smaller to fit under the seat in front of you.

There are no weight limits for carry-on luggage on JetBlue.

» Learn more: Guide to JetBlue baggage, cancellation and other fees

Southwest Airlines

Southwest is known for having a generous free checked luggage allowance, but carry-on restrictions are similar to most other airlines — one personal item and one carry-on per traveler.

Carry-on measurements should not exceed 24 inches long, 16 inches wide and 10 inches high.

Personal items are limited to 18.5 inches long, 8.5 inches wide and 13.5 inches high.

Southwest doesn't list weight limits for carry-on items.

» Learn more: The guide to Southwest baggage and other fees

United Airlines

Most travelers flying with United can bring one carry-on and one personal item, but if you’re traveling on a basic economy fare, you’re allowed one personal item only (unless you’re a MileagePlus Premier Member, are traveling internationally or have a MileagePlus credit card, like the United℠ Business Card ).

Including handles and wheels, the maximum dimensions for a carry-on are 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high.

Personal items are limited to 17 inches long, 10 inches wide and 9 inches high.

United doesn't publish weight limits for carry-ons.

» Learn more: What you need to know about United Airlines baggage and other fees

Depending on the airline you fly with as well as how long you’re traveling for, you might wonder whether you’re better off traveling with a checked bag rather than a carry-on . This can be especially relevant if you’ve got some liquids with you that exceed the TSA carry-on liquid limits.

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Before you even make it to your departure gate, you have to clear a TSA checkpoint. This means you must adhere to the TSA liquid limit in order to make it through security.

Containers that are 3.4 ounces or less are allowed, but there are other rules to keep in mind as well.

Carry-on liquid limit

The TSA liquid rule — also known as the 3-1-1 rule (3 ounces, 1 bag per 1 person) — is straightforward: "You are allowed to bring a quart-sized bag of liquids, aerosols, gels, creams and pastes in your carry-on bag and through the checkpoint. These are limited to travel-sized containers that are 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or less per item." Any liquids in larger containers will have to go into checked baggage (and are subject to overweight fees).

A basic clear, zip-top container qualifies as an eligible quart-size bag for passing through security.

The easiest way to manage the amount of fluids in your carry-on is to start with containers that are no larger than 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters and your quart-sized bag.

The maximum carry-on liquid size and amount will depend on how much you can fit into your single quart-sized bag.

3-1-1 liquids rule exemptions

The 3-1-1 liquid rule has several exceptions if you're traveling with certain liquid medicines or baby food.

TSA allows larger amounts of certain medically necessary liquids, gels and aerosols in "reasonable quantities" for your trip. The amount allowed is not stated.

The only catch? You must declare the medication to TSA officers at the checkpoint for inspection, alongside any accessories associated with your medicine, such as freezer packs or syringes.

Labeling your medical items can help facilitate the screening process.

Formula and breast milk are considered medically necessary liquids, and thus exempt from the carry-on liquid limit. Water and juice for babies is also allowed in quantities greater than 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters.

These child and infant nourishment items are allowed in carry-on baggage and do not need to fit within a quart-sized bag. You may also bring teethers that are gel- or liquid-filled and canned/jarred/processed baby food in your carry-on baggage.

» Learn more: 7 ways to avoid paying bag fees

Duty-free liquids

The final exemption to TSA liquid limits apply to duty-free liquids purchased during inbound international flights. It's important that these bags are secure and temper evident and stored in a transparent bag.

Be sure to keep the item's original receipt handy in case a TSA officer asks to see it.

» Learn more: Can you bring food through TSA?

The only flammables allowed in a carry-on are cigars, cigarettes, disposable and Zippo lighters, and dry batteries (like AAs or AAAs).

Camping and sports equipment

You can carry-on an air mattress with a built-in pump (by following special instructions), antlers, basketballs, footballs, baseballs, soccer balls, bike chains and bike pumps. Bicycle allowances vary by airline, but baseball bats, bear spray and bear bangers are never allowed — nor is aerosol insecticide.

Other items

There are some banned items, including knives, firearms and box cutters. A full list of which can be found on TSA’s website .

Still not sure if something you plan to carry-on is restricted? Send a photo to AskTSA on Twitter or Facebook Messenger to find out.

» Learn more: What foods you can bring on a plane

No matter which airline you fly with, first make sure you know what size carry-on you’re allowed to bring onboard and are familiar with (and prepared for) TSA’s carry-on restrictions, too. Then, you can expect a smoother and less stressful airport and airliner experience.

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Learn What I Can Bring on the Plane

Learn what you can bring on the plane by reviewing the Transportation Security Administration's (TSA) list of what you can bring on the plane, what you cannot bring on the plane, and TSA's Liquids 3-1-1 rule.

Please note that the final decision rests with the TSA officer on whether an item is allowed through the checkpoint.

For items not listed on the site, simply snap a picture or send a question to AskTSA on Facebook Messenger or Twitter . TSA looks forward to answering your questions, from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. ET weekdays; 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. weekends/holidays.

What Can I Bring?

Know what you can pack in your carry-on and checked baggage before arriving at the airport.

What Should I Not Bring?

Know what you can pack before arriving at the airport by checking the prohibited items list.

Liquids 3-1-1 Rule

Read TSA’s liquid rule when bringing liquids in carry-on and checked luggage.

Other Travel Considerations

TSA.gov also has information to help those in specific situations, including:

• Disabilities and Medical Conditions
• Military Travel
• Traveling with Children
• Screening for Passengers 75 and Older
• Law Enforcement
• Cultural Considerations
• Transportation Security
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• At the airport

Carry-on bags

Special notice.

Customers flying Basic Economy are now allowed 1 free carry-on (in addition to a personal item) to all destinations.

Know what you can carry on

There are some items that can only travel in your carry-on bag (and some items that must be checked). Make sure you know where to pack these restricted items – and if you can carry them on.

Restricted items

• TSA restricted items Opens another site in a new window that may not meet accessibility guidelines

1 personal item and 1 carry-on

Personal item.

Your personal item like a purse or small handbag must fit under the seat in front of you. Dimensions should not exceed 18 x 14 x 8 inches (45 x 35 x 20 cm).

These don’t count as your personal item or carry-on:

• Diaper bags (1 per child)
• Breast pump
• Small, soft-sided cooler of breast milk
• Child safety seats, strollers and medical or mobility devices

Carry-on requirements

• Shouldn’t exceed 22 x 14 x 9 inches / 56 x 36 x 23 centimeters (including handles and wheels)
• Must fit in the sizer at the airport

If your items don’t fit in the overhead bin or under the seat, they may need to be checked. There may be additional carry-on bag restrictions at certain airports or on certain airplanes.

We recommend labeling your carry-on the same way you do checked bags in case this happens.

Soft-sided garment bags up to 51 inches / 130 cm (length + width + height) can also be taken as your carry-on item.

Musical instruments are also considered a carry-on item and must fit in the overhead bin or under the seat in front of you.

Special items and sports equipment

In addition, when traveling with a pet, the kennel or container counts as either your carry-on or your personal item and the carry-on pet fee also applies.

Traveling with pets

Regional flights on American Eagle ® planes have limited overhead bin space. If your carry-on is larger than the personal item dimensions, you must valet your bag before boarding.* We’ll tag and check your bag at the gate for you free of charge. When you arrive, you’ll receive your bag on the jetbridge after exiting the plane.

Remove any batteries, electronic cigarettes and other restricted items from checked bags.

*Embraer ERJ-175 planes allow carry-on bags and don’t offer valet service.

TSA allows certain duty-free liquids through security in your carry-on bag if they’re packaged in a security tamper-evident bag. If you’re traveling with liquids or are unsure about any item, please contact the TSA.

TSA liquids rule Opens another site in a new window that may not meet accessibility guidelines

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• Oversize and overweight bags
• Traveling with children

3-1-1 Rule for Liquids in Carry-on Bags

Find out what's allowed before you pack

When you're going through airport security on your next vacation or business flight, you might notice a posted rule by the Transportation Security Administration called the 3-1-1 Rule, which dictates how much liquid travelers are allowed in their carry-on bags. Still, you might not understand exactly what this regulation means for your traveling needs.

The 3-1-1 Rule refers to three core components that govern how many liquids you can bring in your carry-on bags: Each liquid must be in a 3.4-ounce or less container ("3"), all containers must be placed inside one clear quart-sized plastic bag ("1"), and each passenger is only allowed one plastic bag ("1").

In sum, the 3-1-1 Rule states that you can carry as much liquid as can fit inside 3.4-ounce containers that fit inside one plastic quart-sized bag; however, you can bring as much liquid as you feel comfortable carrying in your checked bags as long as these liquids do not violate other TSA regulations that dictate what you can and cannot fly with in general.

How to Pack Your Liquids in Carry-ons

Whether you're hoping to bring your favorite shampoo or conditioner on your weekend trip or need to take contact solution on your flight, you'll need to properly pack liquids to get them through the TSA security checkpoint without hassle.

You'll want to start by either buying travel-size bottles of your favorite products or by purchasing travel toiletry bottles , which you can buy online, at most supermarkets, or home goods stores, and filling them with enough of your favorite products to get you through your trip. Then pack each of these inside a quart-sized ziplock (or other sealable) plastic bag—you should be able to fit four or five.

It's recommended that you pack this bag of bottles in your carry-on last, on top of your clothing and other times, because you'll need to pull the bag out and put it in one of the security checkpoint bins to pass through the X-ray machine. You can also stow it conveniently in an outside zip pocket for easy access.

Liquids That Are and Aren't Allowed

You might be surprised to learn that you can bring travel-size bottles of alcohol in your carry-on or that you can't carry creamy dips or spread as a snack in your suitcase if it exceeds 3.4 ounces, but knowing these rules will help you avoid additional screening at the TSA checkpoint.

You can bring blenders (with blades removed), alcoholic beverages less than 3.4 ounces that do not exceed 70 percent in alcohol content, baby food, some canned foods, and even live lobsters, but you cannot bring gel heating pads, any wet foods that exceed 3.4 ounces, ice cream of any quantity, or firearms of any type. 

For a complete list of all items that are forbidden and permitted through TSA security checkpoints at airports, make sure to check out the TSA website before your flight—you can even snap a picture of an item you're questioning and ask them on the TSA Facebook page whether or not it is allowed.

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Carry-On Luggage Rules: Everything You Can (and Can't) Bring With You on a Plane

The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) carry-on rules and regulations can seem confusing, but this trusty luggage restriction checklist is here to make packing for your next flight a breeze.

Highlights: * Has worked as a fact checker for Real Simple since 2022 * Worked as a staff writer for Mochi Magazine * Currently runs and operates the United States blog for Student Beans

• Okay to Carry On
• Not Okay to Carry On
• Leave at Home

Penalties for Not Complying

What you can bring on a plane in your carry-on.

• Small tools
• Certain small tools, such as screwdrivers, wrenches, and pliers, are permitted, as long as they are 7 inches or less in length. You're also allowed to carry-on nail clippers, pill cutters, and small scissors with blades measuring 4 inches or less from the pivot point. All other tools should be securely wrapped (if sharp) and packed in checked baggage.
• Nonflammable liquids, gels, and aerosols—including food, drinks, and toiletries—in quantities of 3.4 ounces or less
• Nearly all liquids (like beverages, contact lens solution, shampoo, makeup products, liquid medicine, nail polish, perfume/cologne, face toner); gels (like hair gel, toothpaste, hand sanitizer, face serum); and aerosols (products dispensed in a pressurized spray can or bottle, like hairspray, dry shampoo, or spray-on deodorant)—are allowed in your carry-on luggage. However, all liquid, gel, or aerosol items you carry on ( including food and drink) must be in a 3.4-ounce or smaller container and fit together in one single, quart-size, clear, zippered plastic bag. So, if you have a 6-ounce tub of lotion, and you've already used more than half of it up, you still are not allowed to bring it through TSA security and onto the plane. However, exceptions to these rules can include medically necessary liquids, such as insulin and baby formula. You should keep your travel habits in mind when choosing new luggage pieces to give yourself enough packing options to accommodate these items.
• Matches and lighters
• Passengers may carry on common lighters and one book of safety matches—however, strike-anywhere matches (those that can be lit by striking against any rough, dry surface) are prohibited in both checked and carry-on luggage. No matches, including safety matches, are permitted in checked baggage.
• You can pack dry batteries (AA, AAA, C, and D) in either carry-on or checked bags. Lithium batteries with 100 watt hours or less may be carried on the plane or checked, as long as they're in a device. Loose lithium batteries may be only be carried on and cannot be checked.
• Knitting needles
• Materials for knitting and needlepoint are allowed in carry-on bags and checked luggage. Make sure any knitting needles are wrapped or otherwise protected to prevent injuring luggage handlers and inspectors.
• Wrapped presents can be carried on board, provided the contents meet safety and security regulations. But since security screeners may unwrap gifts for inspection, it's advisable to leave presents unwrapped until you reach your destination.
• Electronics
• Small, portable electronic items that are smaller than a standard-size laptop, such as cell phones and tablet devices, do not have to be removed from baggage during screening. Larger electronics, including laptops, full-size video-game consoles, full-size DVD players, must be removed from their cases, placed in a separate bin, and screened individually at security checkpoints.
• Medication and medical equipment
• All prescription and over-the-counter medications can be carried on board the aircraft in unspecified quantities. Other medical necessities including but not limited to inhalers, EpiPens, canes, casts, blood-sugar test kits, crutches, liquid nutrition for passengers with a disability, and items used for medical or cosmetic reasons, such as mastectomy products, can also be packed in carry-on luggage . These items must be declared to screeners before going through security and are subject to additional screening.
• Baby food, equipment, and needs
• Baby formula, breast milk, juice, gel- or liquid-filled teethers, and canned, jarred, or processed baby food are permitted on board the airplane if a baby or a small child is traveling. These items do not need to meet the 3-1-1 rule like other liquids/gels do, but must be removed from your carry-on luggage, declared to screeners before going through security, and are subject to additional screening. In addition to food and formulas, baby wipes, child car seats, and baby carriers can be taken through security and onto the plane.
• Expensive items
• Although not an official requirement, jewelry, currency, and other valuable items should always be carried with you, provided they meet security regulations. It's a good idea to stash them in a separate compartment to keep them organized in travel bags or carry-ons.
• E-liquids, electronic cigarettes, and vaping devices
• As long as the amount of e-liquid you're carrying onboard is less than 3.4 ounces, it is allowed through security—quantities larger than 3.4 ounces must be checked. However, battery-powered e-cigarettes, vaporizers, vape pens, atomizers, and electronic nicotine delivery systems can only be taken onboard the aircraft in your carry-on or on your person. The FAA prohibits all of these devices in checked bags.
• Disposable and electric razors
• Both disposable and electric razors are allowed in either carry-on or checked luggage.
• Wedding dress
• You can carry a wedding dress through security and onto your flight, but take precautions first. Pack the dress carefully and thoroughly in a protected garment bag. Contact your airline to ask about their policy for stowing the garment safely in the cabin and whether it counts as your carry-on item (you may be charged extra). In addition, you should arrive early to the airport to ensure you get through security and to the gate early enough to talk with an airline agent about stowing the dress onboard.
• Small pets are allowed to travel with passengers through security checkpoints, but it's your responsibility to contact the airline for their specific policy. Pets need to be taken out of their carrier (which will also need to go through security) and screened by security.

Restricted Items NOT Allowed on a Plane in Your Carry-On

Sharp objects include a wide array of items, such as box cutters, ice axes and picks, knives (including pocket knives, but excluding plastic or round-bladed butter knives), meat cleavers, razor-type blades, and scissors that exceed 4 inches (smaller scissors can be carried on). Note that any sharp objects in your checked bags should be covered or securely wrapped to prevent injury to baggage handlers and inspectors.

With the exception of balls, many pieces of sporting equipment such as baseball bats, golf clubs, ski poles, hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks, martial arts weapons, hiking poles, and tent spikes/poles, are prohibited from carry-on luggage and must be transported in checked baggage. However, some exceptions include tennis rackets, fishing poles, snow shoes, and longboards. Bicycles are sometimes allowed on flights, but it varies by airline—check with your airline for details.

Self-defense sprays (like mace or pepper spray), and other items, such as billy clubs, black jacks, brass knuckles, kubotans, and other martial-arts weapons, are not permitted past security.

While solid wax candles are allowed in a carry-on and checked luggage, gel-like candles can only be transported via checked bags.

Any beverage with over 70 percent alcohol content, such as grain alcohol and 151 proof rum, cannot be checked or taken onto the plane in your carry-on bag. However, if you want to bring more than that (like bottles of wine), you may pack in your checked baggage up to five liters of adult beverages (more than 24 percent, but less than 70 percent alcohol) in unopened retail packaging.

Well-packaged ammunition and well-packaged, unloaded firearms, BB guns, compressed-air guns (e.g., paintball markers), pellet guns, starter pistols, and replicas can be put in your checked luggage, but must be declared at check-in. Per TSA regulations on guns: "Firearms carried in checked bags must be unloaded, packed in a locked hard-sided container, and declared to the airline at check-in." And on ammunition: "Small arms ammunitions must be securely packed in fiber, wood or metal boxes, or other packaging specifically designed to carry small amounts of ammunition. Ask the airline about limitations or fees." When in doubt, ask your airline about specific rules and regulations for checking firearms.

Items You're Not Allowed to Check OR Carry-On, So Leave Them at Home

Any beverage with over 70 percent alcohol content, such as grain alcohol and 151 proof rum, cannot be checked or taken onto the plan in your carry-on bag.

Aerosol cans (except limited quantities of personal care items that are 3.4 ounces or less), butane, fuels, gasoline, gas torches, lighter fluid, strike-anywhere matches, flammable paints, turpentine, paint thinner, arc lighters, plasma lighters, electronic lighters, E-lighters, and replicas of incendiaries cannot be transported in any way on passenger airlines.

Passengers cannot bring items such as fireworks, flares, hand grenades, blasting caps, dynamite, and replicas of explosive materials onboard aircrafts.

Chlorine, bleach, spillable batteries, spray paint, fertilizers, tear gas, and fire extinguishers are considered dangerous and are not permitted on commercial passenger aircrafts.

Items such as bear bangers (intended to scare away bears without harming them) and bear spray are not allowed on commercial aircraft.

The Travel Security Administration takes these rules seriously! The agency will impose fines of up to several thousand dollars for attempting to carry on certain weapons or other dangerous materials.

Transportation Security Administration. Civil Enforcement . Accessed December 17, 2022.

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Protect Your Trip »

What is allowed in a carry-on bag.

Follow this guide to pack like a pro and ensure airport security is a breeze.

Getty Images

Know what you can and can't include in your carry-on bag so you'll be best prepared for your next airport experience.

As all air travelers know, it can be incredibly frustrating to discover you've packed something that isn't allowed through airport security. Whether traveling for pleasure or business, you can make your flight smoother by understanding the restrictions affecting your carry-on luggage. Use this guide to take the hassle out of your next trip.

The 3-1-1 Rule or Liquids Rule

Carry-on allowances and restrictions are determined by the Transportation Security Administration. These rules apply to items in carry-on bags (carry-on-sized suitcases, backpacks, purses, laptop bag and mores) that you plan to take through security. The TSA's 3-1-1 rule outlines the travel limitations for liquids, aerosols, gels, creams and pastes. Here's a breakdown:

• 3: All travel-sized containers must hold no more than 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) of liquid.
• 1: All containers holding liquids, aerosols, gels, creams and pastes must be placed within one sealed quart-sized bag.
• 1: Only one quart-sized bag is allowed per passenger, even if you have multiple carry-on bags for your flight.

Keep in mind that purchasing additional carry-on luggage will not allow you more of these restricted items. Additionally, containers that hold more than 3.4 ounces will not be allowed, even if they are not completely full.

The following list covers many of the items you're allowed to pack in your carry-on . Read on for more information on each type of item and what limits apply.

Sports and exercise equipment

Dietary supplements, blankets and pillows, medical items and equipment, razors and other hair removal tools, food and snacks, personal electronic devices and accessories, smoking paraphernalia, nature-related items, solid candles.

The top travel priority for any new parent is how to care for your baby while on a flight. While the 3-1-1 rule applies to most carry-on items, you'll be happy to know that items related to the care and feeding of your baby are less restricted. Baby formula, breast milk, toddler drinks, and food for babies and toddlers are considered medically necessary liquids by the TSA, so quantities larger than 3.4 ounces may be packed separate from the quart-sized bag in your carry-on baggage.

Accessories needed to transport these items, such as ice or freezer packs, are also allowed without restriction. These items can be transported even if you are traveling without the liquids or your child, but you must inform a TSA officer at the beginning of the screening process. To make your security experience smoother, TSA also recommends you transport any liquids in clear, translucent bottles rather than plastic bags or pouches. In addition, the following items can be packed in your hand luggage: a baby carrier, a child car seat, baby powder, baby wipes and a breast pump.

Whether you are a serious athlete or a casual player, most sports and exercise-related equipment is allowed in your carry-ons. The following sports balls can be included: basketballs, baseballs, footballs, soccer balls, golf balls, bocce balls and bowling balls. Sports cleats and helmets are also permitted. Golf enthusiasts can pack divot tools and tees, but there are restrictions for other golf equipment. If you're headed to a cold climate for some outdoor fun, you can pack your snowboards, snowshoes and ice skates. Crampons are also generally permitted in carry-on bags, but TSA officers can remove them at their discretion.

Your helmet, bicycle chain and bicycle pump can be packed, but bicycles, skateboards, hoverboards and segways may face restrictions based on your airline's carry-on policy. Additional sports and exercise equipment allowed in carry-on luggage includes rollerblades, longboards, boxing gloves, fishing poles, small fishing lures (with sharp objects properly sheathed), pickleball paddles, tennis rackets, foam yoga blocks and yoga mats. Sports equipment that can be used as a bludgeon, such as clubs or bats, is not allowed in the cabin.

Dietary supplements, protein powder and energy powders (like pre-workout and creatine) are all allowed in powder or pill form. If you are packing powder-like substances greater than 12 ounces (350 milliliters), be sure to place the containers in a separate bin for X-ray screening. They may require additional screening or need to be opened for testing.

These are not restricted by the TSA. If you don't yet have a travel blanket, U.S. News recommends the BlueHills Premium Soft Travel Blanket Pillow for airplanes. It doubles as a blanket or pillow for the plane. If you have a favorite pillow that you can't imagine sleeping without, have no fear: Pillows can be packed in your carry-on luggage without restriction. Or, consider one of U.S. News' top travel pillows .

Dealing with medical needs can be stressful enough without adding travel. If you're concerned about accommodating your needs, alert your airline at check-in to ensure you have a positive experience. Medications in pill form, including vitamins, are typically allowed without major restrictions, though destinations sometimes have their own regulations. Any liquid, gel or aerosol medications that are medically necessary (including insulin, EpiPens and inhalers) can be transported in excess of the 3-1-1 rule, but you must declare them to TSA officers at the checkpoint for inspection.

Pill organizers are a great option for traveling with basic medication, but prescriptions are best kept in their original packaging or clearly labeled. If your mobility is limited, inform the TSA officer at the checkpoint so accommodations can be made to screen you and your belongings safely and quickly. For more information regarding disability and medical conditions, check out the TSA's website or contact your airline.

Many makeup products are limited by the TSA's 3-1-1 rule for carry-on luggage. If you are traveling with any of the following, you will need to adhere to the 3.4-ounce restriction: concealer, liquid eyeliner, foundation, mascara, other liquid makeup and makeup remover. Solid and powder makeup are not restricted but will need to be placed in a separate bin for screening if they exceed 12 ounces (350 milliliters). Lipsticks, lip balms, makeup wipes and airbrush makeup machines can be packed in carry-ons without restriction.

The following cosmetics are also restricted by the TSA's 3-1-1 rule: hair gel, hairspray, aerosol hair texturizer, nail polish and nail polish remover. Nail clippers and metal nail files are unrestricted but should be sheathed to avoid injury. Hair styling tools like curling irons and straighteners should have their heating element safely covered if they're cordless.

Since many toiletries are subject to the TSA's 3-1-1 restriction, consider packing your carry-on items in a TSA-approved toiletry bag like one from PACKISM or check out U.S. News' picks for the best toiletry bags . Items subject to the 3-1-1 rule include liquid and aerosol deodorant, cologne, perfume, shampoo, conditioner, dry shampoo, lotion, sunscreen and toothpaste. Outside of your clear quart-sized bag, you can pack your solid deodorant, toothbrush (manual and electronic), tweezers and mirrors. For recommendations on eco-friendly travel-sized products, check out this piece on sustainable travel .

Disposable and electric razors are allowed without restriction, but sharp edges should be securely sheathed to avoid injury. Safety razors are allowed, but the blades must be removed and packed securely in your checked bag. Laser hair removal devices and hair clippers are not restricted, but shaving cream must adhere to the 3-1-1 rule.

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All drinks are subject to the TSA's 3-1-1 rule, including bottled water, coffee and tea (in liquid form), juices, smoothies, soda, and alcoholic beverages up to 70%. TSA requests that you do not consume your personal alcohol in-flight. An airport's duty-free section is a great alternative to trying to pack alcohol.

If you prefer to travel with your own cup or container for beverages (such as a coffee thermos or water bottle), you will need to ensure it is empty before passing through security. You can fill empty beverage containers on the other side. Ice must be frozen solid when passing through security or it will be subject to the 3-1-1 rule.

Solid foods are allowed through security but may be restricted by your arrival destination, so be sure to check travel regulations for your destination. Some foods can cause obstructions during the X-ray process, so the TSA recommends you remove food items from your bag before screening. Allowed foods include bread, cereal, cheese (solid), cooked meat, cooked seafood, cooked vegetables (no liquid), fresh eggs, nuts, pies and cakes, pizza, salt, sandwiches, spices (dry), coffee (beans or ground), and tea (dry tea bags or loose tea leaves).

The following food items are allowed but restricted by the 3-1-1 rule: canned foods, cheese (creamy), chocolate (liquid), cream, creamy dips and spreads, gravy, honey, hummus, ice cream, jam and jelly, maple syrup, oils and vinegars, peanut butter, salad dressing, salsa and sauces, soups, and yogurt. Small snack foods can also be taken through security. This includes candy, chocolate (solid), cookies, crackers, dried fruits, gum, popped popcorn, nuts and snack bars. Fresh fruits and vegetables are permitted as long as your destination doesn't have any restrictions on the item.

Personal devices should be packed in a convenient location in your carry-on luggage because electronics must be removed from your bag and placed in a separate bin for screening. This includes cell phones, desktop computers, digital cameras, laptops and tablets. Consider purchasing a travel backpack with a separate pocket for electronics, like the Solgaard Lifepack Endeavour (with closet) , to make security a breeze.

Read: The Top Travel Accessories, Chosen by Our Editors

Cigarettes, cigars, hookahs, tobacco and tobacco pipes are permitted without restriction, but you are strictly prohibited from using those items aboard most aircrafts. If you do pack these items, make sure any disposable or Zippo lighters are emptied of fuel and that any arc lighters, plasma lighters, electronic lighters, lithium-battery-powered lighters, e-lighters, electronic cigarettes and vaping devices are stored in a way that prevents accidental activation on the plane. This can include removing the batteries and either placing the item in a protective case or using a protective cover, safety latch or locking device. Any e-liquids must adhere to the 3-1-1 rule.

Batteries for commonly owned devices are allowed in carry-on bags. This includes dry batteries (AA, AAA, C, and D), lithium batteries, fuel cells and nonspillable wet batteries. Large batteries, such as those used for vehicles or wheelchairs, are typically restricted. If you must travel with a battery of this size, you should speak with a TSA agent and your airline prior to going through security. Additional information on battery restrictions can be found in the Federal Aviation Administration regulations .

While TSA doesn't restrict natural items like rocks or shells at security, it is important to check the restrictions for your arrival destination as many have restrictions to avoid the possibility of introducing an invasive species to a new environment. Assuming no destination restrictions, flowers can be brought through security if they are not in water. Live corals, live lobsters and live fish can be transported in water if they are in a clear container and have been inspected by a TSA officer.

Typically, any tools that are 7 inches or less in length are allowed in carry-on bags. Tools exceeding this length are restricted. Keep in mind that sharp objects must be properly sheathed to avoid potential injury. Multi-tools that do not have knives but do contain scissors shorter than 4 inches are allowed, but multi-tools with blades are prohibited.

You can bring one book of safety matches on board, but they must not be strike anywhere. Parachutes can also be brought as carry-on luggage but must be packed separately from other luggage. Flashlights are not restricted but be sure to check that the batteries meet TSA regulations before you pack.

Solid candles are unrestricted, but make sure to check the section below on what isn't allowed in carry-on bags to see what restrictions there are for other candle types.

These are allowed through TSA checks without restrictions, but you should check with your airline as each may have its own size and weight restrictions. A safe bet is to purchase an umbrella like the Weatherman Travel Umbrella which weighs less than a pound and measures just under 12 long when closed. It also comes with a handy sleeve to keep the rest of your luggage dry when stored.

Additional items

If there's an item you want to bring that you don't see covered in this article, do not fret. You can check with your airline or the AskTSA team for more information.

What Isn't Allowed in a Carry-on Bag?

Here is an overview of items that are not allowed in the cabin when you fly. Check the TSA page What Can I Bring? for a full list.

• Alcoholic beverages over 140 proof, or 70%, are not allowed.
• Weapons: You cannot bring knives (pocket, swiss army, utility, kirpans, razor-type blades), guns (BB, cap, pellet, compressed air), ammunition and gun powder, axes and hatchets, bows and arrows, firearms and rifles, martial arts weapons, and realistic replicas of weapons in your carry-on.
• Weapons (self-defense): These include kubatons, pepper and self-defense sprays, brass knuckles, blackjacks, night sticks, stun guns and shocking devices, and tactical pens.
• Explosives: Items creating or replicating an explosion are banned. This includes bang snaps, dynamite, English Christmas crackers, firecracker, fireworks, flare guns, flares, hand grenades, party poppers, sparklers and vehicle airbags.
• Certain sports and exercise equipment: Items that can be used as a bludgeon are not allowed in the cabin. TSA restrictions apply to clubs, bats, hockey and walking sticks, canoe and kayak paddles, bowling pins, darts, hiking and ski poles, ice axes and ice picks, shoe and snow spikes, snow cleats, starter pistols, and more.
• Certain medical items and equipment: Battery-powered wheelchairs and mobility devices, gel heating pads, and a mercury medical-clinical thermometer cannot be carried on.
• Tools: Restriction prohibit box cutters, crowbars, drills and drill bits, hammers, nail guns, saws and screwdrivers longer than 7 inches.
• Flammable gases and liquids: Be sure not to pack engines and engine-powered equipment, fire extinguishers and other compressed gas cylinders, fuels, spillable batteries, strike anywhere matches, flammable paints (liquid, gel, spray, aerosol), turpentine and paint thinner, and more.
• Safety razor with blades
• Gel-type candles

The rules and restrictions outlined in this article aren't the only things to consider when packing your carry-on. In addition to the 3-1-1 rule, travelers should be aware that some airlines have different regulations on the types of items, liquids, aerosols, gels, creams and pastes that are allowed onboard. This is particularly important when traveling internationally as restrictions differ by country. For example, New Zealand is a particularly restrictive country when it comes to traveling with foods, plants, seeds and grains due to its delicate ecosystem.

Confirm your destination restrictions before packing to avoid difficulties getting through customs when you arrive. TSA agents are also given the authority to make the final call on whether an item is allowed through security, so it's best to pack things you're uncertain about in your checked luggage rather than your carry-on.

Why Trust U.S. News Travel

Erin Vasta is an avid traveler who has navigated packing carry-on luggage for a variety of trip destinations and durations. Through thorough research and accidental snafus over the years, she's discovered the best ways to take the hassle out of packing. She also loves finding new items and tools that make packing and security a breeze. Recent favorites include her Béis The Carry-On Roller and Solgaard Lifepack Endeavour (with closet) .

You might also be interested in:

• Carry-on Luggage Sizes by Airline
• How to Pack a Suitcase Like a Pro
• What to Do If Your Flight Is Canceled
• The Best Flight Insurance Companies
• The Top Airline-Approved Pet Carriers

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Airline carry-on luggage size: Everything you need to know

One of the most stressful parts of flying can be the packing process, especially if you're trying to fit your items into one or two carry-on bags.

Regardless of whether you are flying a U.S. carrier or internationally, your flying with both a full-sized carry-on and personal item depends on the policy of the specific carrier. We've outlined many of those policies in this guide. Additionally, all airlines have size requirements, and some have weight restrictions.

Read on for all you need to know about traveling with carry-on bags.

What size is carry-on luggage?

As you've likely observed, most domestic airlines allow passengers one personal item that fits underneath the seat in front of them and one larger carry-on suitable for the overhead bin.

Some airlines specify size requirements for both items, while others only restrict the overhead baggage. Just remember that a carrier's policy for the larger carry-on accounts for the size of your entire bag, including your luggage's handles and wheels.

The standard size requirements across the board for most domestic airlines for your larger carry-on is around 22 by 14 by 9 inches, so that's a good rule of thumb to keep in mind.

Here are the carry-on policies broken down by U.S. airlines:

Carry-on items stored overhead must be 24 by 16 by 10 inches. Personal items for under the seat – including purses, briefcases, cameras, food containers, laptops and backpacks — cannot be larger than 16 1/4 by 13 1/2 by 8 inches.

The combined length, width and height of carry-on baggage should be less than 45 inches. Individual items must be less than 22 by 14 by 9 inches.

American Airlines passengers should heed the 18 by 14 by 8-inch limit for personal items and 22 by 14 by 9 inches (including handles and wheels) for overhead items, which also must fit in the sizer at the gate.

All under-seat personal items on United must measure within 9 by 10 by 17 inches, while larger items cannot exceed 22 by 14 by 9 inches, including handles and wheels.

Similar to the other domestic carriers on this list, JetBlue says that personal items must measure less than 17 by 13 by 8 inches, handles and wheels included, while overhead items shall be smaller than 22 by 14 by 9 inches.

Alaska Airlines

Alaska Airlines recently changed their carry-on bag size limit for overhead items to be within 22 by 14 by 9 inches, including the wheels and handles.

Hawaiian Airlines

Carry-on items aboard Hawaiian Airlines flights cannot exceed 22 by 14 by 9 inches.

The standard carry-on size for international carriers is slightly smaller than that of the U.S., measuring overall at 21.7 by 15.7 by 9 inches, including handles and wheels.

Here are the carry-on policies for economy passengers on major international carriers:

• Air Canada: 21.5 by 15 by 9 inches.
• British Airways: 22 by 18 by 10 inches.
• Emirates: 21 by 14 by 7 inches.
• Singapore Airlines: The sum of length, width and height of each piece should measure less than 45 inches.
• Cathay Pacific: 22 by 14 by 9 inches.
• Air New Zealand: The sum of length, width and height of each piece must measure less than 46.5 inches.
• Turkish Airlines: 21 by 15 by 9 inches.
• Virgin Atlantic: 22 by 14 by 9 inches.
• ANA: 22 by 16 by 9 inches.
• Korean Air: The total dimensions of the bag must be less than 45 inches (20 by 21 by 15 inches).
• Japan Airlines: 22 by 16 by 10 inches.
• La Compagnie: 21 ⅔ by 13 ¾ by 9 ⅚ inches.

Read more: Your essential guide to duty-free shopping at the airport

Is a carry-on considered a personal item?

As mentioned, all airlines differentiate between smaller personal items and larger carry-on items. If your carry-on bag fits under the seat in front of you, it's considered a personal item, which includes small backpacks, purses, briefcases and laptop bags.

Larger bags, including suitcases that fit in the overhead bin compartment, are labeled as larger carry-on items.

Most domestic airlines allow passengers two carry-on items, depending on their fare type. For example, Southwest stands out among carriers for allowing passengers two free carry-on bags and two checked bags, regardless of fare type. That's also the case for Delta, American, Alaska and Hawaiian passengers.

The cheapest fare types on both United (basic economy) and JetBlue (Blue Basic) restrict fliers to one personal item that can fit under the seat in front of you.

Among international carriers, your fare type also determines whether you are eligible to bring one or two carry-on items, so be sure to pay attention to baggage allotments when booking.

For carry-on guidelines for specific airlines, see our guide for the current carry-on baggage policies for 10 major U.S. and international carriers .

Carry-on luggage weight limits

Though airlines care about size, most domestic airlines do not have weight restrictions for carry-on bags, but some enforce weight limits for specific routes. For example, Delta restricts passengers flying to and from Beijing and Shanghai to a 22-pound carry-on, while bags are limited to 15 pounds to and from Singapore.

Low-cost airlines Frontier and Sun Country both have 35-pound limits, while Hawaiian Airlines limits their carry-on bags to 25 pounds.

Otherwise, you won't likely find a blanket weight policy for carry-on bags for domestic carriers.

Just make sure your bag does not weigh too much that it becomes oversized.

On the other hand, the majority of international carriers specify weight requirements for carry-on bags dependent on the fare type. For economy fares, carry-on weight limits vary among major carriers, including:

• Emirates, Singapore Airlines, Cathay Pacific, Qatar Airways, Air New Zealand: 15 pounds.
• Turkish Airlines: 17 pounds.
• Virgin Atlantic, ANA, Korean Air, Japan Airlines: 22 pounds.
• La Compagnie: 39 pounds.
• British Airways: 51 pounds.

What is allowed in a carry-on bag?

The U.S. Transportation and Security Administration (TSA) monitors carry-on bags just as they do with checked luggage, prohibiting certain items, including firearms, lithium batteries and other potentially hazardous items outlined here .

Within those confines, you're further restricted to liquids less than 3.4 ounces per their 3-1-1 rule, limiting items like toothpaste, shampoo, conditioner, mouthwash and lotion to 3.4 fluid ounces within a quart-sized bag. TSA recommends you pack full-sized liquids in your checked luggage.

In addition to liquids, your carry-on is the safest place for your most valuable items, such as your purse, electronics, passport, jewelry and medicines.

For inbound international flights to the U.S., you can carry on liquids exceeding 3.4 ounces if purchased duty-free and remain in their secure, tamper-evident bags. You'll also want to hold on to your original receipt to show the purchase was made within the preceding 48 hours, which TSA may request for screening.

Other international border agencies have similar rules prohibiting bringing certain items on airplanes, so be sure to check with your individual airline regarding those rules.

Bottom line

Depending on your fare type, most domestic airlines generally permit travelers to carry on two items — one that fits underneath the seat in front of you, generally labeled as a personal item, and a second item that fits overhead. However, you must meet certain dimension thresholds, which vary by airline.

Personal items include small backpacks, purses, briefcases and laptop bags, while larger bags, including suitcases that lie fit in the overhead bin compartment, are labeled as larger carry-on items.

Carry-on policies greatly vary by international carriers, depending on the fare type, which also determines weight requirements for carry-on bags. However, U.S. airlines generally do not have weight restrictions for carry-on items.

Related: Here's what to pack in a carry-on bag every time you travel

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American Airlines Carry-On Policy: Everything You Need to Know!

If you want to avoid checking a bag or paying fees on American, you need to read this!

Carry-On Bag Size & Weight Restrictions

American airlines bag sizer, recommended carry-on bag when flying aa, american airlines personal item size, american airlines carry-on liquids, carry-on pet fees, tsa approved pet carriers, prohibited or restricted items, summary: american airlines carry-on policy, related articles:.

Before you board your next flight, make sure you are aware of your airline’s carry-on policies .  Each airline has a separate set of rules, so don’t just assume that what works for one will work for all airlines.

In this article, we’ll explain everything you need to know about American Airlines’ carry-on policy including carry-on size and weight limits, liquid policy, personal items, and other rules and restrictions you should know before boarding your flight.

American Airlines Carry-On Policy

American Airlines allows one personal item and one carry-on bag at no charge. The personal item must be small enough to be stored under the seat in front of you.

American Airlines requires your carry-on bag to be no more than 22″ x 14″ x 9″ (56 cm x 36cm x 23cm). Your personal item cannot exceed 18″ x 14″ x 8″ (45 cm x 35cm x 20cm) Both measurements include the handles and wheel of your carry on.

Soft-sided garment bags that measure up to 51 inches / 130 cm (length + width + height) can also be taken as your carry-on item.

Musical instruments are also considered a carry-on item and must fit in the overhead bin or under the seat in front of you.

As a general rule, American Airlines does not impose weight restrictions on carry-on bags or personal items.

If you aren’t sure what size your carry-on is, American provides “Bag Sizers” located at both the ticketing counters and the departure gates. If your bag will fit into the sizer, then you are all set to bring it on board with you. If it does not fit, you will have to check the bag.

When flying American, I recommend the Travelpro Maxlite 5 Expandable Spinner. I have used this carry-on for years. It’s durable, reasonably priced, and holds everything I need for 3-4 day trips.

This carry-on bag has been sizer bin tested to accommodate overhead bin space on most major US airlines.

Case Dimensions:

• H: 21 in. W: 14 in. D: 9 in.

Note: If fully expanded it may not meet overhead bin size limits, so be careful to not overpack.

Personal items include a purse , briefcase, laptop, backpack, blanket , shopping bag, or a similar-sized item.  Dimensions for a personal item should not exceed 18 x 14 x 8 inches (45 x 35 x 20 cm).

Diaper bags (1 per child), soft-sided cooler bags with breast milk, breast pumps, child safety seats, strollers, and medical or mobility devices don’t count as your personal item or carry-on.

The rules for carry-on liquids are set by the TSA (Transportation Security Administration), not by the airline.  American Airlines doesn’t have its own specific Liquids Policy, they just enforce the rules and policies of the TSA.

It’s also important to note that the rules for bringing a “liquid” in your carry-on bag are different from the rules that govern what you can bring in your checked luggage. Liquids in a carry-on bag must be 3.4 ounces or smaller and fit in a 1 quart-sized container. Anything larger must be placed in your checked luggage.

• All liquids, gels, pastes, and aerosols must be in a container of 3.4 ounces or smaller.
• All liquids must be in a resealable quart-sized clear plastic bag that is removed from your carry-on during the TSA screening process. 
• Special exceptions are in place for items such as medication, formula, breast milk, etc.
• Food and Drinks purchased once you have cleared TSA checkpoints are not included in these restrictions.

TSA allows certain duty-free liquids through security in your carry-on bag if they’re packaged in a security tamper-evident bag. If you’re traveling with liquids or are unsure about any item, please contact the TSA .

American Airlines Carry-On Pet Policy

On American flights, you can bring 1 kennel as your carry-on bag if:

• You pay the carry-on pet fee
• Your pet stays in the kennel and under the seat in front of you the entire flight

You can travel with your pet carrier and one personal item, but you won’t be permitted to bring a carry-on bag in addition to a pet carrier and personal item. Instead, the kennel will replace your carry-on bag.

Here is a chart showing the pet fees American Airlines charges each way.   Double them for a round-trip flight.

Service animals have some separate guidelines.  Here is a link to AA’s service animal rules .

If you do plan on bringing your pet with you, make sure you follow TSA’s pet policy and have an approved Pet Carrier that conforms to American Airlines’ pet policy .

I have traveled with 2 dogs over the last 10 years, one was a 20 lb. Shih Tzu-Bichon (in the picture above) and another is a 12lb. Chihuahua mix. We used the Sherpa pet carrier when bringing them on a flight with us and it worked great!

Features mesh panels so your pet can breathe easily, a non-slip shoulder strap, locking zippers, and a rear storage pocket for treats and other goodies.

Approved for use on most major airlines and the small and medium sizes are included in Sherpa's exclusive Guaranteed on Board program.

There are certain items that are considered dangerous and classified as hazardous materials. Dangerous goods are prohibited from both your carry-on and checked bag on all flights. These rules are not specific to any airline and are mandated by the Federal Aviation Administration.

A list of prohibited or restricted goods and materials can be found in the following resources:

• IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations
• TSA Permitted and Prohibited Items
• FAA Packsafe List

In conclusion, make sure you review American Airlines’ carry-on rules before packing for a trip and heading to the airport. They have size restrictions for carry-on bags, so it’s important to check the dimensions and weight of your luggage before arriving at the airport. Or you might end up paying unwanted fees.

Here is a link to American’s Carry-On page to make sure you have the most up-to-date information.

Frequently Asked Questions:

There is no charge to carry a bag when you buy an American Airlines Basic Economy fare.  The carry-on rules are the same for all classes of service.  However, with a Basic Economy ticket, you will be one of the last to board, so overhead space will be limited.

Yes. As long as your backpack is less than 18 x 14 x 8 inches (45 x 35 x 20 cm), it will qualify as a personal item and can be brought on board without a fee.

No. Pepper spray is not allowed as a carry-on

• How to get a refund from American Airlines
• American Airlines Delay and Cancellation Compensation
• Guide to American Airlines Hub Airports
• How to fly standby on American Airlines

Tim is a business road warrior and avid leisure traveler who has flown over two million miles in the air and spent well over a thousand nights in hotels. He enjoys sharing tips, tricks, and hacks to help readers get the most out of their travel experience and learn how to “travel like a pro”!

Reader Interactions

March 27, 2024 at 12:44 pm

You have conflicting information for the size of a personal carry-on.

At the top of the article it states 18x14x8 and the image of the American Airlines sizing device at the airport shows the same.

Then at the end of the article under “can I bring a backpack as a personal carry-on” you say as long as it does not exceed 8x14x8.

So which size is the maximum amount for AA airlines?

March 27, 2024 at 12:54 pm

Thanks Scott – 18x14x8 is correct. I was missing a digit in the backpack question. It has been updated. Good catch!

March 29, 2024 at 10:07 pm

It would also be helpful to add whether or not there is a weight restriction to the carry-on bag. Some airlines do make it known how much is excessive for a carry-on, but American Airlines does not mention a weight restriction for carry-on bags. I was hoping you would know.

March 30, 2024 at 7:32 am

Hi Lydia – The major domestic airlines (American, United, and Delta) are strict about the weight of your checked baggage but I have never seen a situation where they have weighed a carry-on bag. As long as the weight is not blatantly excessive, you won’t have anything to worry about regarding your carry-on baggage weight. Just make sure it will fit in the overhead bin and you should be all set!

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Carry-On Baggage

1 Carry-On Bag

1 Personal Item

Each passenger flying with Delta can bring 1 carry-on bag and 1 personal item free of charge (such as a purse, laptop bag or item of similar size that will fit underneath the seat in front of you). If you plan to bring roll-aboard luggage or a large bag to store in the overhead bin, you can find size information , Go to footer note below. Note: Carry-on bag exceptions apply for passengers traveling with an infant-in-arms and for passengers traveling with pets in the cabin .

When packing, please remember that flight attendants are unable to proactively assist customers placing carry-on baggage into overhead bins, with certain exceptions. In addition to keeping customers and crew members safe and healthy, this change also protects flight attendants by decreasing the likelihood of injury caused by repetitive lifting.

Review the following guidelines for approved personal items that you can bring, including items that are free to carry on like child safety seats.

Approved Personal Items

Bringing a personal item? Pick an item like this or of a similar size to store beneath the seat in front of you during your flight.

• 1 purse, briefcase, small backpack, camera bag or diaper bag
• 1 laptop bag (computers cannot be checked, unless directed to by security)
• 1 item of similar or smaller size to those listed

Free Items to Carry On

These items are free to carry on your flight, in addition to your usual carry-on items. Flight attendants can assist you with larger items, like strollers.

• A jacket and/or umbrella
• Food or drink purchased past the security checkpoint
• Duty-free merchandise
• Special items like strollers , wheelchairs , child safety seats or assistive devices , like crutches

Whether it’s a duffel for an overnight trip or a roll-aboard bag for a much longer stay, arrive knowing that you can easily store your bag in an overhead bin. The faster you can stow your bag, the faster your flight will be on its way.

Carry-On Size Restrictions

Make sure your bag fits this size or reference size check displays located at ticket counters and gates.

• Combined length + width + height of baggage must not exceed 45 linear inches (114 cm)
• Individual length, width and height measurements may not exceed 22” x 14” x 9” (56 cm x 35 cm x 23 cm) respectively
• These measurements include any handles or wheels, but do not apply to small musical instruments that fit in the overhead or under-seat space

Carry-On Weight Restrictions

The following locations have specified weight restrictions for carry-on bags:

• Singapore, Singapore – Changi International Airport ( SIN ) carry-on should not exceed 15 lbs (7 kg)
• Beijing, China – Beijing Capital International Airport ( PEK ) Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) requires that domestic hand carry bags should not exceed 10 kg. Individual carrier rules apply for international flights
• Shanghai, China – Pudong International Airport ( PVG ) carry-on should not exceed 22lbs (10 kg)
• If your bag doesn’t fit or an exceptionally-full flight is short on overhead bin space, a flight attendant or gate agent can assist you by checking your bags at the gate.
• Passengers traveling on Delta Connection flights, including flights with 50 seats or less, are only permitted to carry personal items on board the aircraft due to limited overhead space. Personal items must be able to fit securely under the seat in front of the passenger or overhead bins. Due to crowded flights, some carry-on bags may be gate checked, free of charge, during the boarding process and returned upon deplaning. Please ensure that a pink Gate Claim/Planeside tag is securely attached to the carry-on item. Assistive devices are not subject to this restriction.
• If you need information about potentially hazardous or irregular items, like knitting needles or razors, please consult the TSA for updated guidelines .
• Airline Partner Notice: Our SkyTeam and codeshare partners may have different guidelines and restrictions on certain flights, so be sure to check before you check in.

While many things are allowed in your carry-on and personal item when you travel, be sure to consider things that are limited for your safety. Most countries restrict the size of containers with liquids, gels, aerosols and pastes — even in partially empty containers during security. Pack ahead of time and place larger liquid items in your checked luggage.

• Limit liquids, gels, aerosols and pastes items to a maximum of 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters
• Place all items in one single quart-size, zip-top bag of clear plastic
• At security, remove your quart-size bag and place it in a bin

Liquids, gels, aerosols and pastes include anything like beverages, creams, hair gel, hair spray, shampoo, suntan lotions, toothpaste or any item of similar consistency. Special provisions are usually made by the TSA for necessary items such as medication, breast milk, and juice or formula for infants - which can receive a special screening for your convenience.

Review TSA Guidelines

Some countries have a program that lets you purchase duty-free items, which are placed in specially sealed bags by the vendor. You can then travel within that country or region with your item in your possession or in your carry-on.

If your travel takes you through a security check-in in a country that does not recognize the same program, you may or may not have the opportunity to place the item in your checked baggage. If you are unable to place the item in your checked baggage, it may be confiscated.

For specific guidelines, visit the U.S. Transportation Security Administration , the United Kingdom’s Department for Transport or the European Union’s European Commission .

How many bags may I carry on?

You may bring one carry-on item onboard the aircraft, plus one personal item. See our carry-on allowance for further information.

Passengers travelling on Delta Connection flights with 50 seats or less are permitted to carry personal items onboard the aircraft. Due to limited overhead and under seat space, larger items will be tagged with a pink Gate Claim/Planeside tag and loaded in the cargo bin. These bags will be returned to the passenger upon deplaning.

All carry-on items must meet Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations and may not exceed 22" x 14" x 9". The FAA mandates that all carry-on items fit under a seat or in an enclosed storage compartment.

Our gate or flight personnel may need to further limit the amount of carry-on baggage for a particular flight, depending on the cabin storage capacity of the plane and the expected number of passengers.

Are carry-on items included in Delta's Baggage Liability?

We do not assume liability for unchecked items unless they are given to our personnel for storage during the flight or otherwise delivered into our custody for travel.

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Carry-On Luggage Size Chart for 64 Major Airlines [Dimensions, Sizes & More]

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Whether you’re flying domestically or internationally, every airline has its own carry-on luggage size restrictions. There is no one-size-fits-all approach, so you need to check your airline’s specific policy before traveling to ensure your carry-on bag isn’t rejected with potential additional charges.

Below, you’ll find a helpful chart detailing the most popular airlines’ carry-on restrictions, including the size and weight of a standard carry-on, and whether this varies due to the cabin you’re traveling in. We’ve also covered checked luggage sizes and allowances , too.

Don’t forget that there are many ways to avoid paying for baggage fees such as carry-ons and that’s what we cover in our in-depth article.

In some cases, you’ll see that the airline has a rule about maximum linear dimensions. That means that, when you add the length, width, and depth of a piece of luggage together, the sum can’t exceed a certain number. For example, if you have a suitcase that’s 28 inches long, 20 inches wide, and 18 inches deep, the linear dimensions would total 66 inches, too big for many airlines.

Carry-On Luggage Size Chart for Major Airlines

Unless specified, the maximum weight allowance is across your standard carry-on luggage and personal item combined. 

Frequently Asked Questions

What is considered carry-on luggage.

There’s no industry standard for sizes for carry-on luggage, with every airline assigning their own size and weight restrictions. If you want to purchase a carry-on bag that would be accepted by most airlines, then the most common maximum size would be 22 x 14 x 9 inches (56 x 36 x 23 cm), including handles and wheels.

Which carry-on luggage is best?

The best carry-on bag depends on your own requirements. For example, do you need a wheelie case or a backpack, or a bag with a laptop compartment or built-in security? We’ve rounded up what we consider the best carry-on luggage bags for any traveler , ranging from soft-sided and hardshell wheelies to convenient backpacks.

Is a backpack considered carry-on?

A backpack would be considered a carry-on item if it adheres to the maximum size restrictions of a specific airline. Most airlines have a larger size allowance for a standard carry-on piece and slightly smaller one for a personal item (where permitted).

What is not allowed in a carry-on bag?

For safety reasons, there are certain items that are prohibited to be stored in carry-on luggage. These include individual containers with liquids over 3.4 ounces (100 ml) or a combined amount of liquids over 1 quart (1 liter); sharp objects such as scissors, blades, or pen knives; firearms; sporting equipment such as baseball bats or hockey sticks; tools; and lighters, matches, or other flammable items.

Is there a weight limit for carry-on luggage?

As with size restrictions, there are no industry standards for maximum weight allowances for carry-on luggage. These are defined by each individual airline, with some airlines actually not publishing a specific weight restriction — just that you must be able to lift the bag into the overhead compartment yourself.

It’s also worth checking whether the airline’s stated weight allowance applies just to your carry-on piece or whether it applies to the combined weight of your carry-on and personal item.

What is the difference between a personal item and carry-on?

Many airlines allow passengers to bring a personal item in addition to a carry-on bag. A personal item is usually a smaller bag, such as handbag, briefcase, or laptop bag , that can be stored under the seat in front of you. Some airlines specify size and weight restrictions for personal items, while many don’t specify maximum sizes or weights.

What is hand baggage only?

If you’ve booked a “hand baggage only” fare (sometimes referred to as a basic fare), this means that you may only bring hand baggage that is within the airline’s restrictions. No checked baggage is included. Depending on your airline, hand baggage may include 1 standard carry-on bag and 1 smaller personal item. Each airline sets its own size and weight restrictions for carry-on, so check the table above for more information.

What does TSA allow for carry-on?

TSA allows passengers to pack certain items in their carry-on baggage and prohibits others. Liquids may be brought on board under the 3-1-1 rule: a maximum of 3.4 ounces per container up to a total of 1 quart, stored within a clear, zip-top bag, with 1 bag permitted per passenger. Exemptions to this rule are made for infant necessities or required medication. Items such as lighters, blades, and baseball bats are not permitted in your carry-on.

See more information in our guide to how to easily get through TSA airport security .

What is the standard size of a carry-on bag?

There are no universal standards for carry-on baggage, with each airline setting its own size and weight restrictions. If you want to purchase a bag that adheres to most airline standards, then look for a case that’s no larger than 22 x 14 x 9 inches (56 x 36 x 23 cm), including all handles and wheels.

Can I take my phone charger in my carry-on?

General chargers for electronic devices can be packed as carry-on or into your checked baggage . If you’re using a portable power bank , then most airlines require you to pack this in your carry-on bag. This is because of the risk of lithium batteries catching fire in the hold.

Is a 24-inch suitcase a carry-on?

A 24-inch suitcase would be considered a carry-on by some airlines — but not all. Some airlines state maximum linear dimension only, so as long as your other 2 measurements are smaller to allow for the 24-inch length, then this would be fine. But generally, a suitcase measuring 22 x 14 x 9 inches would be the most widely accepted. This includes American Airlines and United Airlines .

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Carry-on Luggage and Personal Item Size Limits (2024)

Text Callout : Key Takeaways - Carry-on Luggage Sizes

If you're traveling with carry-on luggage and/or a personal item, you'll need to adhere to size restrictions in the same way you do with checked bags . These rules include the dimensions of your carry-on bag and, in some scenarios, even the weight.

What size luggage is a carry-on?

While carry-on luggage sizes can vary by airline, several major carriers go by these dimensions.

Airlines calculate carry-on luggage size measurements using two methods:

• Height by width by depth:  Most – but not all – airlines measure bags by inches or centimeters using this formula: height by width by depth, such as 22 x 14 x 9 inches. (Note: The dimensions listed below, which are given according to that formula, may differ slightly from the way each individual airline formats its size requirements.)
• Linear inches:  A few airlines have linear inch restrictions for carry-on baggage, meaning the airline gives one number for the total of all three dimensions. As long as the combined height, width and depth don't exceed that number, you're in the clear.

Can a 24-inch bag be a carry-on?

Yes, a 24-inch bag can be used as a carry-on suitcase when flying with the following airlines: Frontier, Southwest and Sun Country . However, if you're shopping for new carry-on luggage, it's best to opt for something that meets the requirements for most major airlines (22 x 14 x 9 inches or smaller).

Is there a weight limit for carry-on bags?

Most major domestic airlines do not impose a weight limit on carry-on bags; however, several international airlines have weight restrictions for carry-on luggage and, in some cases, personal items.

Carry-on vs. personal item: What's the difference?

A carry-on bag is typically stored in a plane's overhead bin, while a personal item should fit under the seat in front of you. Most airlines allow economy passengers to bring one carry-on and one personal item – such as an underseat bag – at no extra cost.

Carry-on luggage sizes by airline

Click on the major domestic and international airlines below to see their carry-on luggage size restrictions in inches for economy passengers – and note that any handles and wheels on your bags count toward size limits as well.

Category Navigation Box Enhancement : Table of Contents - Travel - Carry-on Luggage Sizes

Alaska Airlines

See all Alaska Airlines carry-on policies.

Allegiant Air

The fee is often around $20 if you pay for your carry-on baggage at the time of booking; it costs a hefty $45 if you add a carry-on bag later – and up to $75 at the gate.

See all Allegiant Air carry-on policies.

American Airlines

The above rules also apply to basic economy tickets.

See all American Airlines carry-on policies.

Delta Air Lines

Note that if you're flying to or from Beijing or Shanghai, there is a 22-pound weight limit for a carry-on; for Singapore, there is a 15-pound limit.

See all Delta Airlines carry-on policies.

Frontier Airlines

There are two instances where the carry-on bag fee is waived:

• You're an elite member of the  FRONTIER Miles rewards program .
• You bought a specialty ticket like the WORKS bundle.

Also note that carry-on bag fees, which typically start at around $30, depend on your destination, and that prices are cheapest if you add baggage when you make your booking. You'll pay more to add it later, especially if you do so at the airport. Sometimes it's actually cheaper to purchase a checked bag instead of a carry-on.

See all Frontier Airlines carry-on policies.

Hawaiian Airlines

See all Hawaiian Airlines carry-on policies.

If you booked a Blue Basic ticket, you're only permitted to bring a personal item that fits under the seat in front of you. If you bring a carry-on bag, you will have to pay $65 to check it at the gate (or up to $180 if you've already checked two other bags). However, select customers with Blue Basic fares can bring carry-on bags for free. These include:

• Active U.S. military personnel
• Unaccompanied minors
• Customers flying to London

If you purchase a higher-class seat or if you reach Mosaic status on JetBlue's TrueBlue rewards program , you can also bring a carry-on bag for free on a Blue Basic ticket.

See all JetBlue carry-on policies.

Southwest Airlines

See all Southwest Airlines carry-on policies.

Spirit Airlines

Spirit's carry-on bag fees vary between flights, but they tend to start at around $25 to $30 for U.S. domestic flights. If you need to bring carry-on luggage, it's always cheapest to pay for it when you first book your flight. It will cost you more to add a bag afterward – and at least double the initial fee if you do it at the airport.

See all Spirit Airlines carry-on policies.

Sun Country Airlines

The Sun Country Airlines fee for a carry-on bag is around $30 if you pay for it when booking, or more if you add it later.

See all Sun Country carry-on policies.

United Airlines

There's one notable exception for carry-on baggage with United: Passengers with a basic economy ticket can only take one personal item on board – no carry-on bag. This policy applies to travelers flying basic economy domestically or between the U.S. and Canada. If you have a basic economy ticket and are going to Central or South America (including Mexico) or taking trans-Atlantic or trans-Pacific flights, you can bring a full-size carry-on bag.

See all United Airlines carry-on policies.

Aer Lingus' carry-on policy depends on where you're flying. For trans-Atlantic flights, you can bring one carry-on bag within the dimensions above, plus a small personal item for free. If you're flying within Europe on Aer Lingus, the rules are a bit different: You'll have to pay a fee to bring a carry-on with you on board, starting at 5.99 euros. However, you can check that same bag for free.

If you're flying Aer Lingus Regional (a service with smaller planes, flying mostly around Ireland and the U.K.), a smaller carry-on limit applies: 18.5 x 13 x 8 inches, with a weight limit of 15 pounds.

See all Aer Lingus carry-on policies.

All Aeroméxico customers can bring a standard carry-on bag and a personal item on board. Be careful with the weight limit, though: For international flights or basic fare flights within Mexico, these two items combined cannot weigh more than 22 pounds. So, if your carry-on bag weighs 15 pounds, for example, your personal item cannot be more than 7 pounds.

See all Aeroméxico carry-on policies.

While there's no weight limit for carry-on luggage, Air Canada says your carry-on bag should be light enough that it can easily be lifted into the overhead bin. Also note that airport purchases (for example, larger duty-free items) count toward your baggage limit.

See all Air Canada carry-on policies.

Note that both your personal item and carry-on bag (referred to as "hand baggage") combined must not weigh more than 26 pounds if you're traveling economy. The weight limit is 40 pounds for premium economy and other higher-class cabins.

See all Air France carry-on policies.

All Nippon Airways

A variety of personal items (think a handbag and umbrella) are permitted as long as they fit under the seat in front of you; this includes any items purchased at the airport.

See all All Nippon Airways carry-on policies.

British Airways

If airline staff put a yellow tag on your bag, it should be stored under the seat in front of you.

See all British Airways carry-on policies.

Cathay Pacific

Cathay Pacific has shifted from a weight allowance to a piece allowance, and this policy varies by itinerary. Passengers are generally permitted to bring one carry-on bag plus a small personal item (and assistive devices like a walking stick), but it's best to check your booking carefully to confirm the exact allowance. You're asked to check in any baggage that's too heavy to lift into the overhead compartment.

See all Cathay Pacific carry-on policies.

Since easyJet is a budget airline, standard fares only allow customers to bring one personal item (called a "small cabin bag") aboard for free. Fees for standard carry-on bags are between 5.99 and 32.99 British pounds, depending on your destination and when you add an extra bag to your reservation.

See all easyJet carry-on policies.

The above rules apply to all economy passengers except those traveling from Brazil, whose carry-on luggage can weigh up to 22 pounds. Emirates only allows economy passengers to bring one item on board; whether you bring a carry-on bag for the overhead bin or a personal item to tuck under the seat, this bag must comply with the size limits.

See all Emirates carry-on policies.

Be aware that the 22-pound weight limit applies to both your personal item and carry-on combined. If your flight was booked through Iberia but is operated by Vueling, similar rules apply, but the size limits for your carry-on bags are slightly smaller.

See all Iberia carry-on policies.

KLM Royal Dutch Airlines

If you're traveling on the cheaper Light ticket, you may be asked to check your carry-on bag for no extra cost, if space is limited.

See all KLM Royal Dutch Airlines carry-on policies.

See all Lufthansa carry-on policies.

The above rules apply to LowFare+ customers. Passengers who fly LowFare (comparable to Basic Economy fare) can only bring a personal item (underseat bag) measuring 15 x 11.5 x 7.5 inches.

See all Norwegian carry-on policies.

Qantas 

Economy passengers can opt to bring a nonrigid garment bag measuring 45 x 24 x 4 inches (or 73 linear inches) instead of a standard 22 x 14 x 9-inch carry-on bag. The above rules apply to all economy tickets and vary for higher classes on international and domestic flights with Qantas.

See all Qantas carry-on luggage policies.

Qatar Airways

Qatar Airways allows passengers to bring multiple personal items provided they fit under the seat in front of you. Unlike with other airlines, laptops and laptop bags do not count as personal items and must fit within your main hand baggage allowance. For tickets issued in Brazil, the carry-on weight limit is 22 pounds.

Be careful: Qatar doesn't accept carry-ons longer than 20 inches, which is shorter than many other airlines.

See all Qatar Airways carry-on policies.

Ryanair is a low-cost carrier, so unless you pay extra, you can only bring one small bag that fits under the seat in front of you, per the personal item guidelines above. To bring a larger carry-on bag, travelers need to purchase Ryanair's Priority & 2 Cabin Bags option, which typically costs between 6 and 32 euros depending on your destination.

See all Ryanair carry-on policies.

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Scandinavian Airlines

Most (but not all) Scandinavian Airlines fares allow you to bring one traditional carry-on bag, plus a personal item, which SAS calls an "underseat bag." There's one exception: Passengers traveling within Europe on the Go Light fare must pay for a larger carry-on bag. If you booked a Go Light ticket for intercontinental flights, a carry-on bag is included.

See all Scandinavian Airlines carry-on policies.

Singapore Airlines

Singapore Airlines has an unusual method for measuring carry-on bags – the dimensions of the bag must not add up to more than 45 linear inches total. For example, a bag measuring 15 x 15 x 15 inches would be suitable. All passengers can bring one bag of this size, plus a smaller personal item. The personal item, whose dimensions are specified above, does not count toward the 15-pound carry-on limit.

See all Singapore Airlines carry-on policies.

Turkish Airlines

See all Turkish Airlines carry-on policies.

Virgin Atlantic

Virgin Atlantic lets every passenger bring a carry-on bag, including children younger than age 2. You can bring a bag weighing no more than 13 pounds for your child, in addition to a collapsible stroller and/or car seat. Each passenger is also allowed to bring a handbag or small backpack, an umbrella, a walking stick and airport purchases. Take note: Laptops do not count as personal items on Virgin Atlantic and should fit into your main carry-on bag. There's no specific size limit on the other personal items, but bags or airport purchases should fit under the seat in front of you.

See all Virgin Atlantic carry-on policies.

Note that the above rules apply to passengers who book a TimeFlex or Premium Fare, as well as anyone traveling with a child under age 2 and/or requiring special assistance at the airport.

See all Vueling carry-on policies.

See all WestJet carry-on policies.

Why Trust U.S. News Travel

Amanda Norcross is a seasoned traveler who packs just one carry-on bag and a personal item – even when adventuring with her toddler . She used her personal experience and research skills to put together this guide, and notes that even if your carry-on bag meets size restrictions, you may still need to check it at the gate because of limited space in the overhead bin. Luckily, it's still free.

You might also be interested in:

• The Best Carry-on Backpacks
• What Is Allowed in a Carry-on?
• What to Pack in a Carry-on Bag
• The Best Travel Insurance Companies

Copyright 2024 U.S. News & World Report

How to Pack Light When You're Only Traveling With a Carry-On

By Karthika Gupta

All products featured on Condé Nast Traveler are independently selected by our editors. However, when you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission.

Packing for a trip always feels like a dance between art and science—and attempting to pack light complicates things even further. As a travel journalist, I often find myself on the road several times a month—sometimes for weeks at a time navigating various modes of transportation. This means being self-sufficient with my luggage is key. I also don’t want to be concerned about lost luggage when I travel, so I opt to bring only a carry-on whenever I can. My mantra while packing for any trip, whether it's a domestic weekend getaway or a weeklong international adventure, is that every piece of gear has to be multi-functional to maximize space. Below, my tried-and-true tips for packing light with only a carry-on.

This article has been updated with new information since its original publish date.

Our best tips for packing light:

Choose the right luggage, don't skip the packing cubes.

• Opt for multi-functional fabrics

Pick versatile pairs of shoes

• Adjust your body care routine

Travel hacks are a game-changer

A key consideration for any trip is choosing the right luggage to fit all your essentials without weighing you down. If you're traveling with just a carry-on-sized bag, you want it to be lightweight yet roomy—expandable options are always helpful. My go-to is the Monos Carry-On Plus, a 7.8-pound hard-shell suitcase sized to fit in overhead bins. The wheels have a 360-spin, making it a breeze to maneuver in tight spaces, and the side handle makes it easy to lift into the overhead bin and in a rental car. The padded front compartment fits my 15-inch laptop, a scarf, and a book in there easily. The suitcase comes with an antimicrobial laundry bag and two shoe bags that further help with packing and organization.

Another smart carry-on option is the Cotopaxi Allpa Roller Bag. The hybrid look of a hardcover back and adjustable softcover front brings the right amount of support and expandability of a traditional carry-on suitcase. It only has two wheels but when I saw how easily the bag moved on different surfaces, I was hooked. Cotopaxi’s fun and vibrant colors also make these suitcases easily identifiable among a sea of like-looking bags at the airport.

Next up: choosing a functional personal item . I paired my suitcase with the Chelsea Backpack from Antler. As a professional photographer, I always travel with my gear and I find the Chelsea is spacious enough to pack my camera, an extra lens, and in-flight essentials: snacks, my Otterbox 3-in-1 MagSafe charging station that helped cut down on extra cords, and my insulated Camelbak water bottle . It even has a zipped, padded laptop area with a separate slip pocket for a tablet. The backpack’s trolley sleeve is a lifesaver, slipping onto my rolling suitcase and allowing me to keep one hand free. And I always pack my Patagonia Ultralight Black Hole tote as an extra bag (for souvenirs or as a daypack for a quick hike). It folds down into a small pouch, making it both packable and functional.

Anyone who struggles with optimizing space when traveling knows that packing cubes are the ultimate solution. Not only are they perfect for organization, but compression ones like these from Monos and Béis save space in your bag. I routinely use about three to five cubes and organize my essentials by category. The bigger cube is for bulky items like jeans, pants, and sweatshirts, the medium is for shirts, and the smaller one is for undergarments and socks. The clear-view window on the Monos packing cubes allows me to see what's inside at a glance, making it easier to get ready. I also carry an extra one to separate dirty laundry on my return trip home.

Opt for lightweight, multi-functional fabrics

I will admit that choosing the right clothes for a multi-week trip is the most challenging part of packing, especially when dealing with different climates. My Duer jeans are my favorite denim. With the right amount of stretch, softness, comfort, and a water-repellent fabric, I wear them on planes, around town, and even hiking. My top picks are these fleece-lined relaxed Girlfriend fit for flights, and the mid-rise performance slim straight for backup. Another new favorite is the Freeflex Roll-Up pants from Kühl. The roll-up feature quickly converts it into a capri, increasing the usability. Plus, they are quick-drying, moisture-managing, and water-resistant.

For daily wear, I pack a few classic, mix-and-match pieces from Prana in neutral colors. Foundation rib tanks and simple short-sleeve tees are versatile, comfortable, and perfect for layering. I recently discovered hemp fabric, a natural fiber that is breathable, antibacterial, and seems to get softer with every wash. Adding Jungmaven tees to my travel wardrobe was a no-brainer because it wicks moisture away from the skin keeping clothes odor free longer so you can get more wear from your tees. A few moisture-wicking UPF 50+ bras that double as sports bras, merino wool breathable natural briefs from Ibex , and Comrad compression socks complete my essentials.

As a runner from the Midwest, I can never pass up the opportunity to tackle trails wherever I go. My Hoka short-sleeved performance tee and multi-pocket jogger tights from Oiselle are ideal because of their quick-drying fabric, which means I don’t need sweatshirts to keep me warm while running outside.

Keeping up with the theme of packing multi-purpose clothing, I chose between two outerwear pieces depending on the season—the Stretchdown light vest from Mountain Hardwear or a Silent Down Jacket from Patagonia. The vest is a lightweight layering piece that packs down to a pouch for convenience. The jacket, which I wear on the plane (another tip: don't pack your bulkiest pieces; wear them in transit), is incredibly soft, warm enough for 30 to 40-degree Fahrenheit weather, thanks to the down insulation, and not too technical—the perfect outerwear for a nice dinner.

Deciding on what shoes to bring on any trip is always a bit tricky, but generally, you want to go classic and neutral. Because of space restrictions, I opted for a white walking shoe that would go with any outfit (worn on the plane) and packed my lightweight gym shoes as a backup. Clae’s white vegan leather sneakers have traveled with me across continents and continues to hold form even after hours of walking everywhere. For my running and training routines, I lean on my Agility Peak 5 running shoe from Merrell. It performs flawlessly on gravel and concrete and after getting caught unprepared in a sudden downpour one too many times, I always choose the Gore-Tex waterproof style. A cute pair of lightweight Tevas sandals that are also waterproof and breathable round out my footwear choices.

Don’t sacrifice your body care routine—just adjust it

After a lot of trial and error over years of extensive travel, I finally curated just the right selection of products for my Dopp kit . The key is to trim down your routine (and packing list) with multi-purpose products that still get the job done and leave you feeling refreshed. Everist plant-based waterless shower travel essentials are a game changer and the travel-size tins save a lot of space. I also recently switched to waterless moisturizers and lotion bars for travel after having to ditch many creams and bottles at security because of liquid restrictions. My go-tos are Glow Face Stone solid face moisturizer and Forest Sone lotion bar from Kate McLeod. And all this packs away in my carry-on-friendly Monos Metro toiletry case.

After traveling thousands of miles with just a carry-on, there are a few hacks I always rely on that make a huge difference to my overall outlook on traveling as lightly as possible. I always clip a few carabiners to my backpack or suitcase (if possible). In a pinch, these hold nicknacks like an extra jacket, a water bottle, or my sandals if I am running out of space. A buff is a must and an easy way to protect your face, neck, and head from the elements. It also acts as a neck warmer and mask on planes. And my Sea to Summit inflatable two-ounce camping pillow has been a lifesaver during many unscheduled airport overnights thanks to cancellations and delays—I never leave home without it.

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FACT SHEET: Biden-Harris Administration Announces Rules to Deliver Automatic Refunds and Protect Consumers from Surprise Junk Fees in Air Travel

Newly finalized rules will mandate automatic, cash refunds for cancelled or significantly delayed flights and save consumers over half a billion dollars every year in airline fees

WASHINGTON – Building on a historic record of expanding consumer protections and standing up for airline passengers, the Biden-Harris Administration announced final rules that require airlines to provide automatic cash refunds to passengers when owed and protect consumers from costly surprise airline fees. These rules will significantly expand consumer protections in air travel, provide passengers an easier pathway to refunds when owed, and save consumers over half a billion dollars every year in hidden and surprise junk fees. 

“Passengers deserve to know upfront what costs they are facing and should get their money back when an airline owes them - without having to ask,” said U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg . “Today’s announcements will require airlines to both provide passengers better information about costs before ticket purchase, and promptly provide cash refunds to passengers when they are owed — not only saving passengers time and money, but also preventing headaches.”

The rules are part of the Biden-Harris Administration’s work to lower costs for consumers and take on corporate rip-offs. President Biden signed an Executive Order on Promoting Competition in 2021 that encouraged DOT to take steps to promote fairer, more transparent, and competitive markets. 

Requiring Automatic Cash Airline Refunds The first rule requires airlines to promptly provide passengers with automatic cash refunds when owed because their flights are cancelled or significantly changed, their checked bags are significantly delayed, or the ancillary services, like Wi-Fi, they purchased are not provided. 

Without this rule, consumers have to navigate a patchwork of cumbersome processes to request and receive a refund — searching through airline websites to figure out how to make the request, filling out extra “digital paperwork,” or at times waiting for hours on the phone. Passengers would also receive a travel credit or voucher by default from many airlines instead of getting their money back, so they could not use their refund to rebook on another airline when their flight was changed or cancelled without navigating a cumbersome request process. 

DOT’s rule makes it simple and straightforward for passengers to receive the money they are owed. The final rule requires refunds to be:

• Automatic: Airlines must automatically issue refunds without passengers having to explicitly request them or jump through hoops.   
• Prompt: Airlines and ticket agents must promptly issue refunds within seven business days of refunds becoming due for credit card purchases and 20 calendar days for other payment methods.  
• Cash or original form of payment: Airlines and ticket agents must provide refunds in cash or whatever original payment method the individual used to make the purchase, such as credit card or airline miles. Airlines may not substitute vouchers, travel credits, or other forms of compensation unless the passenger affirmatively chooses to accept alternative compensation.   
• Full amount: Airlines and ticket agents must provide full refunds of the ticket purchase price, minus the value of any portion of transportation already used. The refunds must include all government-imposed taxes and fees and airline-imposed fees.

Protecting Against Surprise Airline Junk Fees Secondly, DOT is requiring airlines and ticket agents to tell consumers upfront what fees they charge for checked bags, a carry-on bag, for changing a reservation, or cancelling a reservation. This ensures that consumers can avoid surprise fees when they purchase tickets from airlines or ticket agents, including both brick-and-mortar travel agencies or online travel agencies.

The rule will help consumers avoid unneeded or unexpected charges that can increase quickly and add significant cost to what may, at first, look like a cheap ticket. Extra fees, like checked baggage and change fees, have been a growing source of revenue for airlines, while also becoming more complex and confusing for passengers over time. In total, thanks to the final rule, consumers are expected to save over half a billion dollars every year that they are currently overpaying in airline fees.

DOT’s rule ensures that consumers have the information they need to better understand the true costs of air travel. Under the final rule, airlines are required to:

• Disclose baggage, change, and cancellation fees upfront: Each fee must be disclosed the first time that fare and schedule information is provided on the airline’s online platform -- and cannot be displayed through a hyperlink.  
• Explain fee policies before ticket purchase: For each type of baggage, airlines and ticket agents must spell out the weight and dimension limitations that they impose. They must also describe any prohibitions or restrictions on changing or cancelling a flight, along with policies related to differences in fare when switching to a more or less expensive flight.    
• Share fee information with third parties: An airline must provide useable, current, and accurate information regarding its baggage, change, and cancellation fees and policies to any company that is required to disclose them to consumers and receives fare, schedule, and availability information from that airline.   
• Inform consumers that seats are guaranteed: When offering an advance seat assignment for a fee, airlines and ticket agents must let consumers know that purchasing a seat is not necessary to travel, so consumers can avoid paying unwanted seat selection fees.   
• P rovide both standard and passenger-specific fee information:  Consumers can choose to view passenger-specific fee information based on their participation in the airline’s rewards program, their military status, or the credit card that they use — or they can decide to stay anonymous and get the standard fee information.  
• End discount bait-and-switch tactics: The final rule puts an end to the bait-and-switch tactics some airlines use to disguise the true cost of discounted flights. It prohibits airlines from advertising a promotional discount off a low base fare that does not include all mandatory carrier-imposed fees.

DOT’s Historic Record of Consumer Protection Under the Biden-Harris Administration Both of these actions were suggested for consideration by the DOT in the Executive Order on Promoting Competition and build on historic steps the Biden-Harris Administration has already taken to expand consumer protections, promote competition, and protect air travelers. Under the Biden-Harris Administration, DOT has advanced the largest expansion of airline passenger rights, issued the biggest fines against airlines for failing consumers, and returned more money to passengers in refunds and reimbursements than ever before in the Department’s history.

• DOT launched the flightrights.gov dashboard, and now all 10 major U.S. airlines guarantee free rebooking and meals, and nine guarantee hotel accommodations when an airline issue causes a significant delay or cancellation. These are new commitments the airlines added to their customer service plans that DOT can legally ensure they adhere to and are displayed on flightrights.gov .  
• Since President Biden took office, DOT has helped return more than $3 billion in refunds and reimbursements owed to airline passengers – including over $600 million to passengers affected by the Southwest Airlines holiday meltdown in 2022.   
• DOT has issued over $164 million in penalties against airlines for consumer protection violations. Between 1996 and 2020, DOT collectively issued less than $71 million in penalties against airlines for consumer protection violations.  
• DOT recently launched a new partnership with a bipartisan group of state attorneys general to fast-track the review of consumer complaints, hold airlines accountable, and protect the rights of the traveling public.  
• In 2023, the flight cancellation rate in the U.S. was a record low at under 1.2% — the lowest rate of flight cancellations in over 10 years despite a record amount of air travel.  
• DOT is undertaking its first ever industry-wide review of airline privacy practices and its first review of airline loyalty programs

In addition to finalizing the rules to require automatic refunds and protect consumers from surprise fees, DOT is also pursuing rulemakings that would: 

• Propose to ban family seating junk fees and guarantee that parents can sit with their children for no extra charge when they fly. Before President Biden and Secretary Buttigieg pressed airlines last year, no airline committed to guaranteeing fee-free family seating. Now, four airlines guarantee fee-free family seating, as the Department is working on its family seating junk fee ban proposal.  
• Propose to make passenger compensation and amenities mandatory so that travelers are taken care of when airlines cause flight delays or cancellations.   
• Expand the rights for passengers who use wheelchairs and ensure that they can travel safely and with dignity . The comment period on this proposed rule closes on May 13, 2024.

Travelers can learn more about their protections when they fly at FlightRights.gov . Consumers may file an airline complaint with the Department here . 

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DOT cracks down on airline 'junk fees' with stronger passenger protections

Travelers and their luggage in a terminal at Los Angeles International Airport in August 2023. Mario Tama/Getty Images hide caption

Travelers and their luggage in a terminal at Los Angeles International Airport in August 2023.

WASHINGTON — In an effort to crack down on airlines that charge passengers steep fees to check bags and change flights, the U.S. Department of Transportation has announced new regulations aimed at expanding consumer protections .

One of the final rules announced Wednesday requires airlines to show the full price of travel before passengers pay for their tickets. The other will force airlines to provide prompt cash refunds when flights are canceled or significantly changed.

"Passengers deserve to know upfront what costs they are facing and should get their money back when an airline owes them - without having to ask," said Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg in a statement announcing the new rules.

Taking on junk fees is popular. But can it win Biden more voters?

Surprise junk fees have become a large and growing source of revenue for airlines in recent years, according to the DOT.

"Today's announcements will require airlines to both provide passengers better information about costs before ticket purchase, and promptly provide cash refunds to passengers when they are owed — not only saving passengers time and money, but also preventing headaches," Buttigieg said.

The airline industry is unlikely to welcome the new rules. At a hearing on the proposed fee rule in March 2023, an industry lobbying group representing American, Delta and United said it would be too difficult for airlines to disclose their charges more clearly.

"The amount of unwanted and unneeded information forced upon passengers" by the new policy would only cause "confusion and frustration," warned Doug Mullen, the deputy general counsel at Airlines for America . "Very few, if any, need or want this information, and especially when they are initially trying to understand schedule and fare options."

But the DOT insists its new rule will give consumers the information they need to better understand the true costs of air travel. It will require airlines to disclose all baggage, change, and cancellation fees, and to share that information with third-party booking sites and travel agents.

The regulation also prohibits bait-and-switch tactics, the DOT says, that disguise the true cost of flights by advertising a low base fare that does not include all mandatory fees.

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Travel Checklist

Before packing.

• 3.4 ounces or less per container
• 1 quart size, clear, plastic, zip top bag (all liquids must fit in bag)
• 1 bag per passenger
•   Review the prohibited items list for both carry-on and checked baggage.
• If purchasing a baggage lock, be sure to look for those that are TSA recognized.
• Tape a card with your name and contact information on your electronics.

When Packing

• Pack items in layers (shoes one layer, clothes one layer, electronics one layer, etc.)
• Firearms are only allowed in checked baggage and must be unloaded, placed in a locked, hard-sided container and declared to your airline.
• All fireworks contain explosive materials and are not permitted in checked or carry-on baggage.
• Do not pack items such as box cutters, utility knives, and razors in carry-on luggage. Razor blades intended for shaving that are enclosed in a safety cartridge in which the blade cannot be removed are permitted.
• Pack large electronics on top layer of carry-on for screening accessibility.
• Place your 3-1-1 bag with liquids, gels and aerosols in the front pocket of your carry-on for accessibility.
• If traveling with a pet, be sure to bring a leash so carriers can be properly screened.

Before Leaving for the Airport

• Give yourself enough time to arrive at the airport early.
• Wear easily removable shoes.
• Passengers with a disability or medical condition may call ahead to the TSA Cares toll free helpline at (855) 787-2227 .

Before Entering the Checkpoint

• Eligible passengers look for the TSA PreCheck® lane for expedited screening at participating airports.
• Have your  ID and boarding pass out for inspection.

In Standard Screening Lane

• Remove the 3-1-1 liquids bag and place it in the bin.
• Ensure pockets are empty (keys, tissues, currency, wallets, cell phones, etc.) and remove bulky jewelry (valuable items can be placed in carry-on).
• Remove your shoes and place them directly on the X-ray belt.
• Remove personal electronic devices larger than a cell phone from your carry-on bag and place them into a bin with nothing placed on or under them for X-ray screening. (E.g. laptops, tablets, e-readers and handheld game consoles.)
• Remember to check the bins and collect all belongings after going through screening.

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How to Fly Your Kid Solo, Free of Stress

By Alexander Nazaryan

For many parents and guardians, putting a child on a flight alone may seem terrifying. Belligerent passengers, delays, turbulence: All loom large in a caregiver’s imagination.

Life sometimes leaves no other option. Hudson Crites , 17, of Marshall, Va., was 10 when he started flying unaccompanied to visit his father in Kansas and later Georgia, said his mother, Chelsea Tippett. But the extra attention from airline staff made Hudson “feel special,” Ms. Tippett recalls. Other than a single tarmac delay, he has had no problems.

On rare occasions, children have had troubling experiences. In December, Spirit Airlines accidentally flew a 6-year-old to Orlando, Fla., instead of the intended destination of Fort Myers. Spirit apologized, fired the gate agent responsible and offered reimbursement to the boy’s grandmother for her travel to Orlando. But while the boy was unharmed, his grandmother expressed worry that he had been kidnapped .

If you decide to fly your child unaccompanied, you’ll discover that each airline has its own procedures, fees and routes open to children. While some may find the process complicated, flying alone may be exciting for your child, instilling some independence. Here’s what you need to know.

Before you book, know the process

Regardless of the airline or route, flying an unaccompanied minor differs from an adult or a family catching a flight. Airlines require a trusted pre-authorized adult to be at the departure and arrival gates, and will ask you at booking to provide contact information for those adults. They will also need to present identification at the terminals.

The journey begins at the originating airport’s airline ticket counter. There, airline staff will check your identification and check in the child, perhaps handing them a lanyard or wristband to wear. The agents will provide you with a pass to get through security with your child. You will accompany them to the gate, where you will hand them off to a gate agent. You must stay at the gate until the plane takes off.

In the air, the flight crew will keep watch — but will not babysit, or sit with, your child. If the flight has a connection, a crew member will walk your child off the plane and a gate agent will take him or her to the next gate.

At the arrival airport, the child will be handed off by staff to the authorized guardian or parent who should have already checked in at the ticket counter with proper identification, gone through security with their gate pass and be waiting at the gate.

To learn more about this process, read the Department of Transportation’s online guide, “When Kids Fly Alone,” followed by the website of your selected carrier.

Choosing an airline and paying an extra fee

Before purchasing a ticket, experts advise you to consider an airline’s on-time performance. “Solid on-time performance is hard-earned, and signals a carrier that has tight control of its operation,” said the Ask the Pilot author, Patrick Smith. The Bureau of Transportation Statistics has those numbers.

Booking procedures vary. Delta Air Lines and American Airlines require you to call. United Airlines allows bookings online. JetBlue Airways does online bookings, too, but asks for three printed copies of its forms upon arrival at the airport.

International flights may call for a notarized consent letter describing where the child is traveling, with whom they’ll stay and how long they’ll be there.

On top of the ticket fare, flying an unaccompanied minor can be pricey.

Southwest Airlines charges $100 one way for each child, regardless of distance. Alaska Airlines charges $50 per child if the flight is nonstop; a connection adds $25. On Delta, one $150 fee will cover up to four children, and American’s $150 covers all siblings, with no cap on number. United charges $150 for one child, or two children flying together.

Restrictions: There are plenty

U.S. carriers allow children to fly as unaccompanied minors once they turn 5 and before they turn 18. But regardless of your child’s age, make sure he or she is ready by discussing the trip details and your expectations of their behavior. No policy can replace your judgment.

The low-cost carriers Frontier Airlines and Allegiant Air don’t allow unaccompanied minors, Other airlines have restrictions that, in the broadest terms, differentiate between young children and teenagers. American and Delta restrict children under 8 from routes requiring connections. Both airlines allow children between 8 and 14 to take some connecting flights.

On American, no unaccompanied minor is allowed to take an overnight flight requiring a connection, or a flight that includes a connection on its final leg that also happens to be the last such flight that day (“unless it’s the only flight,” the company adds). Minors are not allowed on code-share flights.

United and Delta have similar rules. Southwest, JetBlue and Spirit don’t allow unaccompanied minors on connecting flights.

JetBlue prohibits minors from flying to Europe, and limits the number of unaccompanied minors in one party to three. Spirit does not allow children on flights to Central or South America. Southwest doesn’t allow children on any international flights. American, United and Delta let minors fly abroad, but restrictions on connections, code-shares and overnights limit options.

American and Delta allow children to opt out of flying as unaccompanied minors once they turn 15 — that is, the child can fly without the assistance of airline personnel. JetBlue ends unaccompanied minor service at 14, while Alaska has an opt-out option at 13. Southwest boasts the lowest opt-out age: 12.

However, you should be able to accompany your child to the gate even if they’re not flying unaccompanied. American requires that you do so for teens between the ages of 15 and 17, even if they’ve opted out.

What to pack

Have a plan to head off your child’s hunger, boredom and thirst. If they are older, make sure they have emergency money and a charged phone.

When her two daughters, then 9 and 11, flew to Denver, Joey Conover of Charlottesville, Va., had a long list for their carry-ons.

“Pack a backpack with iPad, headphones, lightweight book to read, a pad of paper and colored pencils (markers might smear), a small travel game, water bottle (bring empty and fill in airport), snacks, some kind of surprise fidget or animals to play with, hoodie, and a lovey,” she wrote in an email.

“Write your name and phone number on the inside of their arm in Sharpie and put a parent’s business card in a luggage tag on both suitcase and backpack,” Ms. Conover said. (A sheet of paper with all their identification, and their guardian’s contact information, also works. Simply stick in an easy-to-access pocket.)

Open Up Your World

Considering a trip, or just some armchair traveling here are some ideas..

52 Places:  Why do we travel? For food, culture, adventure, natural beauty? Our 2024 list has all those elements, and more .

Mumbai:  Spend 36 hours in this fast-changing Indian city  by exploring ancient caves, catching a concert in a former textile mill and feasting on mangoes.

Kyoto:  The Japanese city’s dry gardens offer spots for quiet contemplation  in an increasingly overtouristed destination.

Iceland:  The country markets itself as a destination to see the northern lights. But they can be elusive, as one writer recently found .

Texas:  Canoeing the Rio Grande near Big Bend National Park can be magical. But as the river dries, it’s getting harder to find where a boat will actually float .