cdc travel health questionnaire

Travel Questionnaire Instructions

$60 for eligible students ; $75 for non-students

When you download the file on a computer, you will be able to fill it out, save it and email it back to us. 

Filling Out the Questionnaire

Give us your preferred contact information in case we have questions for you. Check the type of insurance you have.  Check your preference of how you would like to receive your Travel Recommendations and Materials and indicate your preferred day(s) and time slot(s) for your immunization appointment. 

Complete parts 1-7 and read relevant topics on the CDC Traveler’s Health web sites.

1. List ALL the countries you will or might visit in order by the date you will enter each country.  Include airport layovers in countries with risk of yellow fever transmission.   Yellow Fever occurs in parts of Panama, South America, and Africa.  Go to Countries with risk of yellow fever virus transmission  and scroll to Tables 4-23 and 4-24 for a list.  Proof of Yellow Fever vaccination may be required for entry if coming from these countries and may apply to airport layovers ≥ 12 hours.  If after submitting your questionnaire you find out you will have a layover in a country with a risk of Yellow Fever transmission, call the travel clinic (919-445-6116) to let us know!  For university-based travel, read your program’s requirements carefully. Yellow Fever vaccination may be “required” by your program.  In the event of an emergency evacuation into a country with a risk of Yellow Fever, your destination country may require proof of Yellow Fever vaccination for re-entry. 

NOTE:  If you are traveling under a passport issued by a  country with yellow fever transmission risk, YOU should check with your destination regarding entry requirements.

List the cities or regions you will visit and the length of stay .  Give us your best estimate of your plans if your itinerary is uncertain. This is very important for areas with malaria.

List date you will return to the USA.

The reason for travel helps in the assessment of your travel-related risks.

If travel is University-related (study abroad, exchange programs, internships, service/research projects), you are REQUIRED to use the Global Travel Registry .  Personal recreational travel may be registered. The purpose of the registry is to facilitate communication with members of the Carolina community who may find themselves in an international crisis situation and to provide assistance. The information you provide will only be used for communication purposes in such situations.

2.  REQUIRED : Give dates of immunizations that you have received. Please fill in the form, although attachments are allowed.  We have access to records previously submitted to Campus Health. If you need access to your past immunization records, contact the Campus Health Health Information desk at 919 966-2283. Dates of immunizations received at Campus Health can be accessed through the Healthy Heels Portal .   

3.  Check all potential activities that apply and check the type of accommodations you anticipate having while abroad.

4.  Check Y or N for each item in the Medical Conditions section.

5.  List any medical problems you have or have had not listed in the previous section or Check None .  See your physician for any ongoing medical conditions. Travelers need to have a plan to handle “flares” in conditions such as asthma, ulcerative colitis, etc.

6.  List ALL of the medications you take including Over-The-Counter items. Check  None  if you take no medications.

7.  List allergies and describe reactions to medications, vaccines, or food.  Include severe insect allergies. Check  None  if no allergies.

Review the CDC's Travelers’ Health Vaccines. Medicines. Advice for your destinations.  Read the recommendations for each region you will visit and relevant topics at CDC Traveler Information Center .  Sign & date your form .

Submit your travel questionnaire by email, fax (919)-966-6431 or by dropping off a hard copy at Student Stores Pharmacy or Campus Health Pharmacy in the basement of Campus Health. Thanks for allowing us to be part of your journey!

Last Updated March 202 3

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Mexico Traveler View

Travel health notices, vaccines and medicines, non-vaccine-preventable diseases, stay healthy and safe.

• Packing List

After Your Trip

Be aware of current health issues in Mexico. Learn how to protect yourself.

Level 1 Practice Usual Precautions

• Dengue in the Americas April 18, 2024 Dengue is a risk in many parts of Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Some countries are reporting increased numbers of cases of the disease. Travelers to the Americas can protect themselves by preventing mosquito bites. Destination List: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, including the Galápagos Islands, French Guiana (France), Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Martinique (France), Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Turks and Caicos Islands (U.K.), Uruguay
• Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in Mexico March 12, 2024 There have been reports of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) in people traveling to the United States from Tecate, in the state of Baja California, Mexico.
• Salmonella Newport in Mexico March 29, 2023 Some travelers who have spent time in Mexico have been infected with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella Newport.

⇧ Top

Check the vaccines and medicines list and visit your doctor at least a month before your trip to get vaccines or medicines you may need. If you or your doctor need help finding a location that provides certain vaccines or medicines, visit the Find a Clinic page.

Routine vaccines

Recommendations.

Make sure you are up-to-date on all routine vaccines before every trip. Some of these vaccines include

• Chickenpox (Varicella)
• Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis
• Flu (influenza)
• Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)

Immunization schedules

All eligible travelers should be up to date with their COVID-19 vaccines. Please see  Your COVID-19 Vaccination  for more information. 

COVID-19 vaccine

Hepatitis A

Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to Mexico.

Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A. The dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series.

Travelers allergic to a vaccine component or who are younger than 6 months should receive a single dose of immune globulin, which provides effective protection for up to 2 months depending on dosage given.

Unvaccinated travelers who are over 40 years old, immunocompromised, or have chronic medical conditions planning to depart to a risk area in less than 2 weeks should get the initial dose of vaccine and at the same appointment receive immune globulin.

Hepatitis A - CDC Yellow Book

Dosing info - Hep A

Hepatitis B

Recommended for unvaccinated travelers younger than 60 years old traveling to Mexico. Unvaccinated travelers 60 years and older may get vaccinated before traveling to Mexico.

Hepatitis B - CDC Yellow Book

Dosing info - Hep B

CDC recommends that travelers going to certain areas of Mexico take prescription medicine to prevent malaria. Depending on the medicine you take, you will need to start taking this medicine multiple days before your trip, as well as during and after your trip. Talk to your doctor about which malaria medication you should take.

Find  country-specific information  about malaria.

Malaria - CDC Yellow Book

Considerations when choosing a drug for malaria prophylaxis (CDC Yellow Book)

Malaria information for Mexico.

Cases of measles are on the rise worldwide. Travelers are at risk of measles if they have not been fully vaccinated at least two weeks prior to departure, or have not had measles in the past, and travel internationally to areas where measles is spreading.

All international travelers should be fully vaccinated against measles with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, including an early dose for infants 6–11 months, according to  CDC’s measles vaccination recommendations for international travel .

Measles (Rubeola) - CDC Yellow Book

Rabid dogs are commonly found in Mexico. However, if you are bitten or scratched by a dog or other mammal while in Mexico, rabies treatment is often available. 

Consider rabies vaccination before your trip if your activities mean you will be around dogs or wildlife.

Travelers more likely to encounter rabid animals include

• Campers, adventure travelers, or cave explorers (spelunkers)
• Veterinarians, animal handlers, field biologists, or laboratory workers handling animal specimens
• Visitors to rural areas

Since children are more likely to be bitten or scratched by a dog or other animals, consider rabies vaccination for children traveling to Mexico. 

Rabies - CDC Yellow Book

Recommended for most travelers, especially those staying with friends or relatives or visiting smaller cities or rural areas.

Typhoid - CDC Yellow Book

Dosing info - Typhoid

Avoid contaminated water

Leptospirosis

How most people get sick (most common modes of transmission)

• Touching urine or other body fluids from an animal infected with leptospirosis
• Swimming or wading in urine-contaminated fresh water, or contact with urine-contaminated mud
• Drinking water or eating food contaminated with animal urine
• Avoid contaminated water and soil

Clinical Guidance

Avoid bug bites, chagas disease (american trypanosomiasis).

• Accidentally rub feces (poop) of the triatomine bug into the bug bite, other breaks in the skin, your eyes, or mouth
• From pregnant woman to her baby, contaminated blood products (transfusions), or contaminated food or drink.
• Avoid Bug Bites

Chagas disease

• Mosquito bite

Leishmaniasis

• Sand fly bite
• An infected pregnant woman can spread it to her unborn baby

Airborne & droplet

Avian/bird flu.

• Being around, touching, or working with infected poultry, such as visiting poultry farms or live-animal markets
• Avoid domestic and wild poultry
• Breathing in air or accidentally eating food contaminated with the urine, droppings, or saliva of infected rodents
• Bite from an infected rodent
• Less commonly, being around someone sick with hantavirus (only occurs with Andes virus)
• Avoid rodents and areas where they live
• Avoid sick people

Tuberculosis (TB)

• Breathe in TB bacteria that is in the air from an infected and contagious person coughing, speaking, or singing.

Learn actions you can take to stay healthy and safe on your trip. Vaccines cannot protect you from many diseases in Mexico, so your behaviors are important.

Eat and drink safely

Food and water standards around the world vary based on the destination. Standards may also differ within a country and risk may change depending on activity type (e.g., hiking versus business trip). You can learn more about safe food and drink choices when traveling by accessing the resources below.

• Choose Safe Food and Drinks When Traveling
• Water Treatment Options When Hiking, Camping or Traveling
• Global Water, Sanitation and Hygiene | Healthy Water
• Avoid Contaminated Water During Travel

You can also visit the Department of State Country Information Pages for additional information about food and water safety.

Prevent bug bites

Bugs (like mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas) can spread a number of diseases in Mexico. Many of these diseases cannot be prevented with a vaccine or medicine. You can reduce your risk by taking steps to prevent bug bites.

What can I do to prevent bug bites?

• Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats.
• Use an appropriate insect repellent (see below).
• Use permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). Do not use permethrin directly on skin.
• Stay and sleep in air-conditioned or screened rooms.
• Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors.

What type of insect repellent should I use?

• FOR PROTECTION AGAINST TICKS AND MOSQUITOES: Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours.
• Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin)
• Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or para-menthane-diol (PMD)
• 2-undecanone
• Always use insect repellent as directed.

What should I do if I am bitten by bugs?

• Avoid scratching bug bites, and apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion to reduce the itching.
• Check your entire body for ticks after outdoor activity. Be sure to remove ticks properly.

What can I do to avoid bed bugs?

Although bed bugs do not carry disease, they are an annoyance. See our information page about avoiding bug bites for some easy tips to avoid them. For more information on bed bugs, see Bed Bugs .

For more detailed information on avoiding bug bites, see Avoid Bug Bites .

Some diseases in Mexico—such as dengue, Zika, leishmaniasis, and Chagas disease—are spread by bugs and cannot be prevented with a vaccine. Follow the insect avoidance measures described above to prevent these and other illnesses.

Stay safe outdoors

If your travel plans in Mexico include outdoor activities, take these steps to stay safe and healthy during your trip.

• Stay alert to changing weather conditions and adjust your plans if conditions become unsafe.
• Prepare for activities by wearing the right clothes and packing protective items, such as bug spray, sunscreen, and a basic first aid kit.
• Consider learning basic first aid and CPR before travel. Bring a travel health kit with items appropriate for your activities.
• If you are outside for many hours in heat, eat salty snacks and drink water to stay hydrated and replace salt lost through sweating.
• Protect yourself from UV radiation : use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15, wear protective clothing, and seek shade during the hottest time of day (10 a.m.–4 p.m.).
• Be especially careful during summer months and at high elevation. Because sunlight reflects off snow, sand, and water, sun exposure may be increased during activities like skiing, swimming, and sailing.
• Very cold temperatures can be dangerous. Dress in layers and cover heads, hands, and feet properly if you are visiting a cold location.

Stay safe around water

• Swim only in designated swimming areas. Obey lifeguards and warning flags on beaches.
• Practice safe boating—follow all boating safety laws, do not drink alcohol if driving a boat, and always wear a life jacket.
• Do not dive into shallow water.
• Do not swim in freshwater in developing areas or where sanitation is poor.
• Avoid swallowing water when swimming. Untreated water can carry germs that make you sick.
• To prevent infections, wear shoes on beaches where there may be animal waste.

Leptospirosis, a bacterial infection that can be spread in fresh water, is found in Mexico. Avoid swimming in fresh, unchlorinated water, such as lakes, ponds, or rivers.

Keep away from animals

Most animals avoid people, but they may attack if they feel threatened, are protecting their young or territory, or if they are injured or ill. Animal bites and scratches can lead to serious diseases such as rabies.

Follow these tips to protect yourself:

• Do not touch or feed any animals you do not know.
• Do not allow animals to lick open wounds, and do not get animal saliva in your eyes or mouth.
• Avoid rodents and their urine and feces.
• Traveling pets should be supervised closely and not allowed to come in contact with local animals.
• If you wake in a room with a bat, seek medical care immediately. Bat bites may be hard to see.

All animals can pose a threat, but be extra careful around dogs, bats, monkeys, sea animals such as jellyfish, and snakes. If you are bitten or scratched by an animal, immediately:

• Wash the wound with soap and clean water.
• Go to a doctor right away.
• Tell your doctor about your injury when you get back to the United States.

Consider buying medical evacuation insurance. Rabies is a deadly disease that must be treated quickly, and treatment may not be available in some countries.

Reduce your exposure to germs

Follow these tips to avoid getting sick or spreading illness to others while traveling:

• Wash your hands often, especially before eating.
• If soap and water aren’t available, clean hands with hand sanitizer (containing at least 60% alcohol).
• Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. If you need to touch your face, make sure your hands are clean.
• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when coughing or sneezing.
• Try to avoid contact with people who are sick.
• If you are sick, stay home or in your hotel room, unless you need medical care.

Avoid sharing body fluids

Diseases can be spread through body fluids, such as saliva, blood, vomit, and semen.

Protect yourself:

• Use latex condoms correctly.
• Do not inject drugs.
• Limit alcohol consumption. People take more risks when intoxicated.
• Do not share needles or any devices that can break the skin. That includes needles for tattoos, piercings, and acupuncture.
• If you receive medical or dental care, make sure the equipment is disinfected or sanitized.

Know how to get medical care while traveling

Plan for how you will get health care during your trip, should the need arise:

• Carry a list of local doctors and hospitals at your destination.
• Review your health insurance plan to determine what medical services it would cover during your trip. Consider purchasing travel health and medical evacuation insurance.
• Carry a card that identifies, in the local language, your blood type, chronic conditions or serious allergies, and the generic names of any medications you take.
• Some prescription drugs may be illegal in other countries. Call Mexico’s embassy to verify that all of your prescription(s) are legal to bring with you.
• Bring all the medicines (including over-the-counter medicines) you think you might need during your trip, including extra in case of travel delays. Ask your doctor to help you get prescriptions filled early if you need to.

Many foreign hospitals and clinics are accredited by the Joint Commission International. A list of accredited facilities is available at their website ( www.jointcommissioninternational.org ).

In some countries, medicine (prescription and over-the-counter) may be substandard or counterfeit. Bring the medicines you will need from the United States to avoid having to buy them at your destination.

Malaria is a risk in some parts of Mexico. If you are going to a risk area, fill your malaria prescription before you leave, and take enough with you for the entire length of your trip. Follow your doctor’s instructions for taking the pills; some need to be started before you leave.

Select safe transportation

Motor vehicle crashes are the #1 killer of healthy US citizens in foreign countries.

In many places cars, buses, large trucks, rickshaws, bikes, people on foot, and even animals share the same lanes of traffic, increasing the risk for crashes.

Be smart when you are traveling on foot.

• Use sidewalks and marked crosswalks.
• Pay attention to the traffic around you, especially in crowded areas.
• Remember, people on foot do not always have the right of way in other countries.

Riding/Driving

Choose a safe vehicle.

• Choose official taxis or public transportation, such as trains and buses.
• Ride only in cars that have seatbelts.
• Avoid overcrowded, overloaded, top-heavy buses and minivans.
• Avoid riding on motorcycles or motorbikes, especially motorbike taxis. (Many crashes are caused by inexperienced motorbike drivers.)
• Choose newer vehicles—they may have more safety features, such as airbags, and be more reliable.
• Choose larger vehicles, which may provide more protection in crashes.

Think about the driver.

• Do not drive after drinking alcohol or ride with someone who has been drinking.
• Consider hiring a licensed, trained driver familiar with the area.
• Arrange payment before departing.

Follow basic safety tips.

• Wear a seatbelt at all times.
• Sit in the back seat of cars and taxis.
• When on motorbikes or bicycles, always wear a helmet. (Bring a helmet from home, if needed.)
• Avoid driving at night; street lighting in certain parts of Mexico may be poor.
• Do not use a cell phone or text while driving (illegal in many countries).
• Travel during daylight hours only, especially in rural areas.
• If you choose to drive a vehicle in Mexico, learn the local traffic laws and have the proper paperwork.
• Get any driving permits and insurance you may need. Get an International Driving Permit (IDP). Carry the IDP and a US-issued driver's license at all times.
• Check with your auto insurance policy's international coverage, and get more coverage if needed. Make sure you have liability insurance.
• Avoid using local, unscheduled aircraft.
• If possible, fly on larger planes (more than 30 seats); larger airplanes are more likely to have regular safety inspections.
• Try to schedule flights during daylight hours and in good weather.

Medical Evacuation Insurance

If you are seriously injured, emergency care may not be available or may not meet US standards. Trauma care centers are uncommon outside urban areas. Having medical evacuation insurance can be helpful for these reasons.

Helpful Resources

Road Safety Overseas (Information from the US Department of State): Includes tips on driving in other countries, International Driving Permits, auto insurance, and other resources.

The Association for International Road Travel has country-specific Road Travel Reports available for most countries for a minimal fee.

For information traffic safety and road conditions in Mexico, see Travel and Transportation on US Department of State's country-specific information for Mexico .

Maintain personal security

Use the same common sense traveling overseas that you would at home, and always stay alert and aware of your surroundings.

Before you leave

• Research your destination(s), including local laws, customs, and culture.
• Monitor travel advisories and alerts and read travel tips from the US Department of State.
• Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) .
• Leave a copy of your itinerary, contact information, credit cards, and passport with someone at home.
• Pack as light as possible, and leave at home any item you could not replace.

While at your destination(s)

• Carry contact information for the nearest US embassy or consulate .
• Carry a photocopy of your passport and entry stamp; leave the actual passport securely in your hotel.
• Follow all local laws and social customs.
• Do not wear expensive clothing or jewelry.
• Always keep hotel doors locked, and store valuables in secure areas.
• If possible, choose hotel rooms between the 2nd and 6th floors.

To call for emergency services while in Mexico, dial 066, 060, or 080. Write these numbers down to carry with you during your trip.

Learn as much as you can about Mexico before you travel there. A good place to start is the country-specific information on Mexico from the US Department of State.

Americans in Mexico have been arrested for purchasing souvenirs that were, or looked like, antiques and that local customs authorities believed were national treasures. Familiarize yourself with any local regulations for antiques and follow these tips:

• When you are considering purchasing an authentic antique or a reproduction, ask if you are allowed to export these items before you purchase them.
• If you buy a reproduction, document on the customs form that it is a reproduction.
• If you buy an authentic antique, obtain the necessary export permit (often from the national museum).

Healthy Travel Packing List

Use the Healthy Travel Packing List for Mexico for a list of health-related items to consider packing for your trip. Talk to your doctor about which items are most important for you.

Why does CDC recommend packing these health-related items?

It’s best to be prepared to prevent and treat common illnesses and injuries. Some supplies and medicines may be difficult to find at your destination, may have different names, or may have different ingredients than what you normally use.

If you are not feeling well after your trip, you may need to see a doctor. If you need help finding a travel medicine specialist, see Find a Clinic . Be sure to tell your doctor about your travel, including where you went and what you did on your trip. Also tell your doctor if you were bitten or scratched by an animal while traveling.

If your doctor prescribed antimalarial medicine for your trip, keep taking the rest of your pills after you return home. If you stop taking your medicine too soon, you could still get sick.

Malaria is always a serious disease and may be a deadly illness. If you become ill with a fever either while traveling in a malaria-risk area or after you return home (for up to 1 year), you should seek immediate medical attention and should tell the doctor about your travel history.

For more information on what to do if you are sick after your trip, see Getting Sick after Travel .

Map Disclaimer - The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement are generally marked.

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Health Guidelines for Travel Abroad

a CMO, SAC Health System, 250 South G Street, San Bernardino, CA 92410, USA

b Family Medicine Residency Program, Loma Linda University, 1200 California Street, Suite 240 Redlands, CA 92374, USA

Norman Benjamin Fredrick

c Family and Community Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Global Health Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA

Leesha Helm

d Department of Family Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Penn State Health, PGY-3, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA

Jeffrey Cho

Most travel medical care is provided by patients’ primary care physicians; only 10% of international travelers visit a travel clinic. The main purposes for travel include vacationing, visiting friends and family, business, and for educational purposes. The purposes of the pretravel consultation are to estimate risk and provide recommendations to mitigate risk.

• • Primary care providers manage the majority of travel medical care. The purpose of the pretravel visit are risk assessment and mitigation.
• • Encourage travelers to enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program for travel advisories.
• • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention travel website offers destination-specific, point-of-care resources for clinicians and travelers.
• • Travelers who are visiting friends and relatives are a high-risk group.
• • The most common syndromes in returning travelers are gastrointestinal, febrile, and dermatologic.

Introduction

Most travel medical care is provided by patients’ primary care physicians; only 10% of international travelers visit a travel clinic. The main purposes for travel include vacationing, visiting friends and family, business, and for educational purposes.

Pretravel consultation

The purposes of the pretravel consultation are to estimate risk and provide recommendations to mitigate risk.

Traveler background

The initial pretravel assessment should focus on specific aspects regarding the health background of the traveler ( Box 1 ). A full history and physical examination, including a review of immunizations, allergies, medications, and chronic medical conditions should be explored. Special attention and tailored recommendations should be given to those with chronic disease states, including congestive heart failure, diabetes, mental health issues, and immunocompromised states. It is important to note recent hospitalizations and surgeries and to assess the risk associated with traveling after these events. Prior travel history may provide clues regarding intolerance to certain antimalarials or other medications.

Box 1

Risk assessment, medical history.

• • Medications
• • Allergies
• • Immunizations
• • Chronic disease states
• • Mental health
• • Hospitalizations
• • Surgeries
• • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
• • Previous travel
• • Previous use of antimalarials, antibiotics
• • Plans for repeat travel in next 1 to 2 years

Trip itinerary

• • Location
• • Dates and season
• • Activities, mass gatherings
• • Reasons for travel
• • Accommodations
• • Travel insurance

Trip specifics

Review the itinerary of the traveler, including types of travel, the reason for travel, and accommodations. Country-specific risks and travel advisories should be discussed in detail with the traveler by reviewing resources like the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program ( https://step.state.gov/ ) . By assessing these specific aspects, the provider can obtain a wealth of knowledge that can be synthesized to help the traveler manage possible risks.

Travel recommendations to reduce risk

Preparedness for exacerbations of chronic disease states.

Travel can be stressful and demanding for individuals with chronic disease states. Before travel, clinicians should direct travelers to recommendations provided by national associations related to their chronic medical states for travel guidelines. In addition, travelers should be directed to check in with the US embassy or consulate in their area of travel to clarify any restrictions on medications with which they may need to travel.

Travel Insurance and International Health Care

Many health insurances do not provide adequate coverage for international travel, including repatriation and medical evacuation. 1 The following resources can be used to help travelers make a decision regarding the need for travel insurance, travel health insurance, and medical evacuation insurance.

• • Department of State ( www.travel.state.gov )
• • International Association for Medical Assistance to Travelers ( www.iamat.org )

Accessing Local Reputable Medical Facilities

The International Association of Medical Assistance to Travelers maintains a list of clinics available to members: www.iamat.org/doctors_clinics.cfm . In addition, the Joint Commission International maintains a list of accredited, certified health care facilities: www.jointcommissioninternational.org .

Medications for chronic conditions and prevention of disease states specific to regions of travel should be procured before initiation of travel. Individuals with preexisting conditions or allergies should consider wearing a medical alert bracelet or card in their wallet. See Table 1 for a list of suggested travel health kit items.

Table 1

Health kit item checklist

Abbreviation: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.

Providers should recommend travelers carry documentation of the following:

• • Health insurance, supplemental insurance,
• • Proof of vaccinations,
• • List of medications and preexisting conditions, and
• • Contact card with emergency contact, location of travel, hospitals and clinics, US embassy or consulate number, health care provider contact information.

Important Travel Risks

The World Health Organization has cited that, among deaths in travelers, 18% to 24% are caused by injuries, whereas only 2% are caused by infectious disease. 1

Motor vehicle safety

Among US travelers in foreign countries, motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death, making up approximately 27% of all nonnatural deaths in 1 study. 1  Contributing factors include lack of familiarity with infrastructure in the area of traveled, lack of seat belt use, alcohol use, travel fatigue, poor visibility, and increased risk for road-related accidents. 1 Prevention strategies include using seatbelts and child safety seats, avoiding night-time driving, increasing awareness of driving hazards, using helmets when driving motorcycles or motorbikes, avoiding alcohol or cellphone use before or during driving, using marked taxis for travel, avoiding travel in overcrowded buses, and remaining alert while crossing streets. 1

Drowning is the fourth leading cause of death of international US travelers. 1 Avoidance of swimming alone and the use of a life jacket with water-related activities should be encouraged. Swimming should be avoided when local water conditions or currents are unknown and if a traveler has recently used alcohol.

Crime and violence

Of nonnatural death causes in foreign travelers, 21% can be attributed to crime and violence. 1 Clinicians should encourage travelers to familiarize themselves with crime trends in the areas they are traveling to. Information can be accessed from the Overseas Security Advisory Council website ( www.osac.gov ) . Travelers can also familiarize themselves with security updates by accessing the Department of State’s Bureau of Consult Affairs recommendations for travel safety at http://travel.state.gov . Special precaution should be taken to protect against pickpocketing and individuals should attempt to keep money worn under clothing secured to the neck or waist. Travelers should limit traveling alone or at night time, keep all valuables secure, keep all doors and windows locked, use recommended safe modes of transportation, and avoid resistance if confronted in a robbery. The nearest US embassy should be contacted if concerns related to crime, violence, accidents, medical concerns, or specific travel questions arise.

Counterfeit, adulterated, or expired medications

Travelers should be educated about the risks of procuring medications while traveling including but not limited to medication side effects secondary to use of inappropriately compounded medications, counterfeit medications, and use of uncommon medication additives. 1 Clinicians should recommend obtaining all medications before travel to ensure that individuals are using authentic medications with known side effects and appropriate dosing.

Infections While Abroad

Immunizations.

Maintenance of an accurate immunization history is necessary to provide adequate protection for the traveler. Immunization records should be obtained and reviewed and, if unreliable, titers for measles, mumps, rubella, and hepatitis A should be obtained. Sufficient time should be taken before travel to ensure travel-specific vaccines can be administered and appropriate immunity achieved ( Table 2 ). The risks and benefits of immunizations should be discussed. In addition, vaccines with waning immunity should be addressed as well, especially in the case of immunocompromised travelers. Assessing return travel to similar areas with the next 1 to 2 years from the initial trip will help clinicians to assess the need for specific immunizations. Travelers should be given an updated immunization record to travel with. Country-specific recommendations for vaccines can be accessed by clinicians at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) travel website ( https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel ).

Table 2

Travel vaccines, including routine vaccines of high priority in travelers

Abbreviations: IM, intramuscularly; MPSV4, meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine.

Several important diseases are transmitted by mosquitos, of which malaria is among the most important. Most of the 1700 cases of malaria diagnosed in the United States annually are among returned travelers. 1 Box 2 outlines strategies for malaria prevention.

Box 2

Strategies to prevent malaria.

• Long-sleeved pants, shirts, and socks
• Permethrin-treated clothing
• Permethrin-treated bed nets
• Mosquito repellants (≥20% DEET)
• Chemoprophylaxis

From dawn to dusk, mosquitoes that transmit Dengue, Yellow Fever, Zika, and Chikungunya are active and bite whereas, from dusk to dawn, mosquitoes that carry malaria, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis are active. Providers should review the CDC’s Malaria Maps, and Malaria Information by Country Table and take note of the special considerations mentioned on the drug selection guide: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/drugs.html .

Antimalarials should always be purchased before travel, because in some countries drugs that are sold may be counterfeit. 1 Clinicians should also warn travelers that if symptoms of malaria occur, including flulike illness while traveling or after returning home, immediate medical attention should be sought. Antimalarials alone do not prevent transmission and should be used in conjunction with preventive measures, including repellants for skin and clothing in addition to appropriate clothing and mosquito netting. 1 , 6

Traveler’s diarrhea

Traveler’s diarrhea often occurs suddenly with loose, frequent stools in about 30% to 70% of travelers. 7 Poor food handling practices are thought to put travelers at highest risk for traveler’s diarrhea. Preventative measures include specific food and beverage selection, frequent handwashing, frequent use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers with greater than 60% alcohol content, and consideration of vaccination against typhoid and hepatitis A. 8 Table 3 contains recommendations for traveler’s diarrhea treatment based on severity.

Table 3

Treatment of traveler’s diarrhea based on severity

Respiratory illness

Respiratory illness occurs in 20% of returning travels, with upper respiratory infections being the most common respiratory illness. Risks include exposures in hotels, cruise ships, aircrafts and tour group. Individuals with comorbidities including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are at higher risk for respiratory illnesses. 1 Prevention tips include minimizing contact with individuals with cough or congestive symptoms, frequent handwashing, and vaccination before travel. Viral etiologies such as rhinovirus, are more common causal agents, although coronaviruses (Middle East respiratory syndrome in the Arabian Peninsula) and avian influenza (Asia) should also be included in a clinician’s differential. 1 Viral causes can also put individuals at risk for superimposed bacterial infections.

Bloodborne illness

Travelers should be cautioned against obtaining tattoos and piercings in low-income areas of the world, because the risk of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C transmission secondary to use of unclean needles is high in these areas. 1

Exposure to human immunodeficiency virus

Travelers should be cautioned about the risk of human immunodeficiency virus specifically associated with certain practices, including needle sharing, risky sexual behaviors, or exposure in a health care setting. In the case of health care workers or individuals who plan to be involved with high-risk behaviors, the physician should discuss having postexposure prophylaxis available to them in case of exposure. Preexposure prophylaxis can reduce the risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection by up to 70%. 1 Immediate attention by a physician should be sought out if concern for exposure arises to ensure appropriate counseling and the possible need for postexposure prophylaxis.

Sexual health

Travelers should be cautioned against high-risk sexual activities that may lead to the transmission of sexually transmitted infections, unwanted pregnancy, or bloodborne infections. Consistent contraceptive methods should be used in a traveler who does decide to be sexually active. Health care resources overseas should be provided for travelers, including reputable clinics to seek out if concerns for sexually transmitted infections and/or pregnancy arise.

Venous Thrombosis and Embolism

Travelers at increased risk for development of deep venous thrombosis who are traveling long distances should be advised to walk as often as possible, use appropriately fitted compression stockings that provide 15 to 30 mm Hg at the ankle, hydration, and to perform calf exercises as often as possible. The use of aspirin for deep venous thrombosis prevention is not recommended. 1

When traveling between time zones, travelers can often develop a mismatch between their natural 24-hour circadian rhythm and the time of day. When traveling through more than 3 time zones, sleep-related difficulty, mood changes, mental clarity, and gastrointestinal disturbance can occur with jet lag. During the pretravel assessment, the clinician can discuss this in detail with the traveler and set expectations. Changes to diet and physical activity, sunlight exposure, the use of melatonin and melatonin-receptor analogs, consideration of hypnotic medications with discussion of risks and benefits, and a combination of these therapies can be discussed with the traveler before initiation of travel. Avoidance of alcohol as a sleep aid should be discussed with travelers as well as encouraging hydration during the trip.

Special populations

Immunocompromised travelers.

According to the 2018 CDC Yellow Book, immunocompromised travelers make up 1% to 2% of travelers seen in US travel clinics. 1 The immunocompromised status may be due to a medical condition, medication, or treatment. Common examples are noted in Box 3 .

Box 3

Examples of immunocompromised travelers.

• Chronic oral steroids greater than or equal to 20 mg per day of prednisone or equivalent
• Posttransplant on medication
• Renal failure on dialysis
• Current or recent (<3 months) chemotherapy
• Chronic liver disease
• Human immunodeficiency virus infection with a CD4 count of less than 200
• Autoimmune diagnosis on biologics

Special points to remember for immunocompromised travelers:

• • Response to vaccines may be limited.
• • Live vaccines are contraindicated in severely immunosuppressed individuals.
• • Increased risk of foodborne and waterborne infections ( Salmonella , Shigella , Campylobacter , Giardia , Listeria , and Cryptosporidium ).
• • Avoid swallowing water during water-based activities.
• • Avoid eating raw seafood.

Traveling while pregnant

Key points for pregnant travelers 1 :

• • Obstetric emergencies are sudden and can be life threatening. Having an emergency plan and access to appropriate obstetric care is recommended.
• • Before booking, check with the airline or cruise ship regarding any limitations on travel. Some limit travel based on gestational age.
• • During air travel the cabin is pressurized to 6000 to 8000 feet. This will not affect a fetus in a normal pregnancy, but could cause fetal problems in women with cardiovascular conditions, sickle cell disease, or severe anemia (hemoglobin <8 g/dL).
• • During air travel, frequent stretching, walking, and isometric exercises are recommended to decrease risk of deep venous thrombosis, which is increased in pregnancy.
• • Treatment of choice for traveler’s diarrhea is hydration and, if indicated, azithromycin.
• • Owing to the risk of birth defects, the CDC recommends that pregnant women do not travel to areas where Zika is present. If travel cannot be avoided, avoidance of mosquito bites is extremely important. More information can be found at the CDC Zika website ( http://www.cdc.gov/zika/pregnancy/index.html ).
• • Most live virus vaccines are contraindicated during pregnancy except for yellow fever, for which pregnancy is considered a precaution by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.
• • Malaria is more serious in pregnant than in nonpregnant women and puts both the mother and the fetus at risk. Malaria chemoprophylaxis is highly encouraged. Chloroquine and mefloquine (depending on the region) are the drugs of choice. Doxycycline and primaquine are contraindicated due to possible effects on the fetus, whereas atovaquone-proguanil lacks available safety data.

Traveling with Children

According to the CDC, an estimated 1.9 million American children travel internationally each year. 1 Typically, children are exposed to the same risks as adults, but the consequences can be more severe and children are less likely to receive travel advice than adults.

The most common health problems among child travelers were 1 :

• • Diarrheal illnesses,
• • Dermatologic diagnosis (animal/insect bites, cutaneous larva migrans, sunburn),
• • Febrile illnesses (malaria), and
• • Respiratory disorders.

Key points when traveling with children 1 :

• • Diarrheal diseases are more common and can be more likely to cause dehydration. Treatment should focus on oral rehydration solution and if indicated antibiotics for traveler’s diarrhea. Children should be given a nonfluoroquinolone such as azithromycin, which can be given as a single daily dose (10 mg/kg) for 3 days.
• • Car crashes and drowning are the leading 2 causes of death in children while traveling. Car seats are often not available so parents should bring their own. Life vests should always be used around water.
• • Avoidance of mosquito and other bug bites is critical, especially in malaria endemic areas. Repellents with DEET should not be used on infants less than 2 months and after 2 months, only repellents with 30% or less DEET should be used.
• • Malaria prophylaxis is also recommended for children in malaria endemic areas. Dosing will need to be adjusted based on weight. Doxycycline should not be given to children less than 8 years old because of the risk of teeth staining, and atovaquone-proguanil should not be used in children weighing less than 5 kg.
• • Rabies is more common in children owing to less fear in approaching animals. If there is exposure to any animal bite, seek medical care immediately. Consider rabies vaccine if planning to spend more than 3 months in endemic area.

Visiting Friends and Relatives

A traveler who is returning home to visit friends or relatives is considered a visiting friends and relatives traveler. Today, visiting friends and relatives travelers make up more than one-half of all international travelers. 1 They are least likely to seek pretravel advice and more likely to develop problems while traveling because they typically stay longer at a destination, eat local food in people’s homes, and often do not take the same precautions as other travelers.

Key points for visiting friends and relatives travelers 1 :

• • Malaria risk is 8 to 10 times higher than for a non-visiting friends and relatives traveler. Malaria immunity weans after living outside of a malaria endemic region, so when returning to the endemic region, malaria prophylaxis and mosquito bite avoidance is recommended. Malaria prevention medication should be started several weeks before international travel.
• • Foodborne illnesses are more common and any immunity to local bacteria can also wean with time after living outside the community. Avoidance of food at room temperature, raw fruits and vegetables, tap water, and ice from tap water is recommended.
• • These travelers are also at increased risk of tuberculosis and sexually transmitted diseases.

Posttravel assessment

General approach.

Worldwide, 8% of travelers develop illnesses severe enough to seek a health care provider. 1 The majority of travelers present to primary care for posttravel illnesses. Data gathered from a directed history can elucidate the cause of a traveler’s symptoms. Knowledge of the travel itinerary and incubation periods is essential to narrowing down a differential diagnosis based on geography and timing after travel.

Common Syndromes

According to a large-scale study by GeoSentinal, a global surveillance network, the most common syndromes in returned travelers are gastrointestinal (34.0%), febrile (23.3%), and dermatologic (19.5%). 9

Gastrointestinal Illness

Many cases of traveler’s diarrhea can be treated empirically, and 80% to 90% of cases are bacterial. See Table 4 for top infectious causes of persistent traveler’s diarrhea. Azithromycin should be preferentially used in travelers returning from South and Southeast Asia owing to the increasing resistance to fluoroquinolones. 7 Severe symptoms, including fever, tenesmus, and gross blood, should prompt further testing, including stool culture. If stool is tested for ova and parasites, 3 or more stool specimens should be collected to increase sensitivity. 7 Some organisms, such as Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora , require specific testing. Testing for Clostridium difficile should be performed if the traveler recently used antibiotics or malaria chemoprophylaxis. A minority of travelers have persistent diarrhea lasting more than 2 weeks, which can be from (1) persistent infection or an untreated coinfection, (2) postinfectious processes like postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome, which can be diagnosed using the Rome criteria, or (3) unmasking of a previously undiagnosed gastrointestinal disease. 7

Table 4

Top infectious causes of persistent traveler’s diarrhea listed in decreasing order of frequency in each column

Febrile Illness

Fever in a returned traveler needs to be evaluated immediately owing to the potential for a rapidly progressing, life-threatening illness like malaria. Those who arrive from areas where malaria is endemic should be evaluated with thick and thin blood films and malarial antigen tests, if available. Blood smears should be repeated if suspicion is high and initial smears are negative. Other important causes to consider include dengue fever, enteric fever (typhoid, paratyphoid), and rickettsial diseases (eg, African tick bite fever), among others. It is also important to keep in mind other common causes of fever including influenza, which occurs year round in tropical climates. See Table 5 for the top febrile illnesses to consider in returned travelers based on location. Those with fever accompanied by alarming symptoms should be thoroughly evaluated as soon as possible, which may be best conducted in the emergency department. In 25% to 40% of patients with fever, no specific cause was identified. 9 , 10

Table 5

Top febrile illnesses to consider in returned travelers based on location

Dermatologic Conditions

Rashes are common in returned travelers. One of the most common skin findings is the classic pruritic migratory serpiginous rash of cutaneous larva migrans. 11 Exposure occurs when skin (eg, bare feet) comes in contact with contaminated sand or soil. Animal bites and scratches, most commonly received from dogs and monkeys, are also common in returned travelers and may require rabies postexposure prophylaxis in up to 12% of cases. 9 See Box 4 for the top tropical dermatologic conditions to consider in returned travelers.

Box 4

Top 10 tropicala dermatologic conditions to consider in returned travelers.

• 1. Cutaneous larva migrans
• 2. Arthropod bite
• 3. Myiasis (bot fly, tumbu fly)
• 4. Injuries including animal bites
• 6. Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• 7. Tungiasis
• 8. Swimmer’s itch
• 9. Rickettsial infection
• 10. Dengue fever

a Many cosmopolitan causes (eg, cellulitis) excluded from this list.

Screening Asymptomatic Returned Travelers

Currently, there are no CDC guidelines for asymptomatic returned travelers.

Special circumstances section

Altitude illness.

Altitude illness is most common at altitudes of 8200 feet (2500 m) or more, although it can occur at lower elevations. 1 The main issue in altitude sickness is hypoxemia, which is exacerbated during sleep. Respiratory depressants such as alcohol and sleep medications should be avoided; acetazolamide and stimulants may speed acclimatization. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity can exacerbate hypoxemia and should be avoided for the first 48 hours. Physical conditioning does not predict acclimatization. Contraindications to traveling to altitude include severe heart or lung disease, sickle cell anemia, high-risk pregnancy, and cerebral pathology.

There are 3 altitude syndromes: acute mountain sickness, high altitude cerebral edema, and high altitude pulmonary edema. Treatment involves immediate descent, medications ( Table 6 ), oxygen supplementation, and pressurization bags if rapid descent is not feasible.

Table 6

Common medications for altitude illness

Abbreviations: AMS, acute mountain sickness; BID, twice per day; HACE, high altitude cerebral edema; HAPE, high altitude pulmonary edema; PO, by mouth.

SCUBA Diving

SCUBA-related illnesses can be divided into 2 categories: barotrauma and decompression illness. The primary risk factors are dive depth, bottom time, and speed of ascent. 1 Decompression illness can occur even when all precautions are taken. The Divers Alert Network is a resource that can be accessed by both divers and health care providers at http://www.diversalertnetwork.org/ or at their 24-hour emergency hotline (919-684-9111).

Motion Sickness

Motion sickness is not a true pathology, but a normal response to the external stimulation that is created by the vestibular system. The most common forms are sea sickness, motor vehicle sickness, and air sickness. It has been noted to be more common in women and less common in frequent travelers either owing to habituation or self-selection. See Box 5 and Table 7 for recommendations for motion sickness prevention and management.

Box 5

Recommendations to prevent motion sickness, table 7.

Common preventive medications for motion sickness

Abbreviation: PO, by mouth.

Mass Gatherings

Defined as at least 1000, but can be more than 25,000, people gathered at a specific location for a specific purpose. 1 Often these gatherings can strain the local resources and increase the risk of disease transmission among the attendees. Common challenges among attendees are hypothermia, heat exhaustion, dehydration, sunburn, but worsening of underlying chronic diseases (eg, heart failure, diabetes) also occurs. And at times there can be other dangers such as unsafe transportation, stampedes, collapse of structures, fire, terrorism and other forms of violence. See Box 6 for examples of mass gatherings.

Box 6

Mass gathering examples.

• Measles exposure at amusement parks in the United States.
• Meningitis (meningococcal vaccine is required for the Hajj) and respiratory infections (Coronavirus) among Hajj pilgrims.
• Concern for Zika at Rio, Brazil Olympics.
• Exposure to flu during sports events, concerts, conventions.

Disclosure Statement: The authors have nothing to disclose.

The Adult Vaccine Assessment Tool

• Child and Adolescent Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2024
• Adult Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2024

Vaccines are recommended for adults based on age, health conditions, job, and other factors. No personal information will be retained by CDC. * This vaccine assessment tool applies to adults 19 years or older.

• Everyone 6 months and older is now eligible to get a COVID-19 vaccination.
• COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective.
• To find COVID-19 vaccine locations near you, search vaccines.gov , text your zip code to 438829, or call 1-800-232-0233.
• Healthcare providers can find ACIP recommendations for the use of COVID-19 vaccines on the ACIP Vaccine Recommendations and Guidelines page.

1.   Answer the questions below. 2.   Get a list of vaccines you may need based on your answers.      (This list may include vaccines you’ve already had). 3.   Discuss the list with your doctor or health care professional.

• Answer the questions below.
• Get a list of vaccines you may need based on your answers.  (This list may include vaccines you’ve already had).
• Discuss the list with your doctor or health care professional.
• Are you Male Female
• What year were you born? (some vaccines are age-related) 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
• Have you ever had the chickenpox vaccine? OR Has a healthcare provider diagnosed you with chickenpox ever in your life, or do you have laboratory results showing that you had chickenpox sometime in your life? Yes No Not Sure
• Will you be traveling outside the U.S. in the near future? Yes No
• Do you have a weakened immune system due to illness or medications? Yes No
• Do you have HIV infection? Yes What is your CD4 count?  Under 200  200 or higher No
• Have you ever completed a polio vaccine series? Yes No Not Sure
• Are you a first-year college student who lives in a college dormitory or a new military recruit? Yes No
• Are you a resident in a nursing home or chronic-care facility? Yes No
• Do you work with patients in a doctor’s office, hospital, nursing home, or other health care setting? Yes No
• Do you work in a laboratory setting? Yes No
• Do you work in public safety and come in contact with blood or body fluids (for example, police officer or firefighter)? Yes No
• Are you a close contact (such as a caregiver or a healthcare worker) of someone who is severely immunocompromised who requires a protected environment? Yes No Not Sure

  Some medical conditions and other situations can put you at higher risk for certain infections.

• Do you have any of these medical conditions?  Check all that apply to you.  Heart disease (for example, congestive heart failure)  Diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2 (also called "sugar diabetes")  Chronic lung disease (for example, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD])  Kidney failure, end-stage renal disease, or on dialysis  Chronic liver disease (for example, cirrhosis or alcoholic liver disease) or hepatitis C infection  Spleen has been damaged or removed (for example, due to surgery or sickle cell disease) Weakened immune system due to illness or medications or    HIV with CD4 count less than 200(Check Additional information ) -->  Cancer or cancer treatment  Bone marrow transplant recipient  HIV infection What is your CD4 count and CD4 percent?  Under 200 or less than 15%  Over 200 and more than 15%  Not sure  Weakened immune system due to illness or medications  Organ transplant recipient  Cochlear implant recipient  Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak
• In the past 6 months, have you ever had (check all that apply)  A new diagnosis of at least 1 sexually transmitted disease  More than 1 sexual partner  Sex at a commercial sex venue  Sex in association with a large public event
• Are you a sexual partner of any of the persons described above: Yes No Not Sure
• Do you anticipate experiencing any of the situations described above: Yes No Not Sure

That's it! Just click "My Results" to find out which vaccines you may need.

• Adults Need Vaccines Too
• Adult Immunization Schedule
• Vaccines & Immunizations
• ACIP Vaccination Recommendations
• ACIP: Acronyms for Vaccines
• Vaccine Guidelines and Recommendations for Emergency Situations
• Delays in Vaccine Supply

Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy

• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
• Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
• You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.
• CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.

NHANES 2019-2020 Questionnaire Instruments

Questionnaires are administered to NHANES participants both at home and in the mobile examination centers (MECs). The questionnaires and a brief description of each section follows.

Interviewer Manuals

Screener module: in-person/telephone instrument.

The following questionnaires are used by field interviewers to collect screener information during the in-person interview on the doorstep or through a telephone interview with an adult household member.

Family Questionnaire

Household and family level information is collected here. The sections are labeled to reflect content.

Sample Person Questionnaire

Individual level information on participants is collected here. The sections are labeled to reflect content. Please note that the Medical Conditions section covers many subject areas.

MEC ACASI and CAPI Questionnaires

Audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) and computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI) questionnaires are administered in the MEC. During the visit to the examination center additional questions are administered that cover more sensitive areas such as reproductive health and illegal drug use. The sections are labeled to reflect content.

Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI) Questionnaire

Computer-assisted personal interview (capi) questionnaire, special follow-up questionnaires.

These questions on dietary intakes and dietary supplement uses are asked to participants after their visits to the mobile examination center through telephone interviews.

• NHANES Longitudinal Study
• Growth Charts
• Surveys and Data Collection Systems
• NCHS Data Linkage Activities
• Research Data Center

Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy

• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
• Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
• You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.
• CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.

Port Health Services Ministry of Health

Health declaration form.

The Nigeria Health Declaration Form must be filled out by all incoming passengers to Nigeria. Paper-based versions will be provided on arrival in Nigeria for passengers unable to fill the form.

Health Declaration Form

This form is an instituted measure to prevent the spread, monitor the possible importation of infectious diseases and aid the control of disease outbreaks thereby protecting the health of all Nigerians

Kindly go through the form and fill the required fields.

Verify Information

Carefully verify that all details are correct and proceed to submit.

Submit Form

Submit form and download a copy either from here or your email.

Phone: 6232 Whatsapp No.: +234 70 8711 0839 SMS Number.: +234 80 9955 5577 Email: [email protected]

Saturday, April 27, 2024 80° Today's Paper

Hawaii eliminates Safe Travels health questionnaire, reduces COVID quarantine for visitors to align with CDC guidelines

By Star-Advertiser staff

Jan. 3, 2022

Coronavirus Outbreak Coronavirus Outbreak in Hawaii Editors' Picks

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Hawaii’s Safe Travels quarantine guidelines for visitors change today to align with the state Department of Health’s new requirements.

The mandatory quarantine period has been reduced from 10 to five days for domestic U.S. travelers, according to a notice from John Monahan, president and CEO of the Hawaii Visitors and Convention Bureau.

For travelers currently on 10-day quarantine, this means those who have hit their 5-day mark today or later will be released from quarantine. If today is the traveler’s fifth day of quarantine, for example, they will be released from quarantine on Tuesday.

Hawaii’s Health Department announced these changes to its isolation and quarantine guidelines last Wednesday , saying that they were doing so to align with current recommendations by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

For travelers arriving without proof of full vaccination, which currently does not require boosters, the quarantine period is now five days.

HVCB said day one is counted as the day of arrival. For example, someone who arrives today must quarantine through this Friday, and can be released this Saturday.

Travelers who are COVID-19 positive will also need to isolate for at least five days or until symptoms or gone, and continue to wear a mask for five days after isolation.

If, however, the traveler is still symptomatic on day five, he or she is advised to seek medical attention and quarantine until a COVID-19 test can be taken.

If the test is positive, they must isolate in place for an additional five days.

Also, effective Tuesday, HVCB said the completion of a health questionnaire prior to departure will no longer be required.

Hawaii’s COVID-19 cases are currently surging, with a record high average positivity rate of 16.7% today, according to Health Department statistics. On Oahu, or Honolulu County, the average positivity rate today reached a record high of 19.1%.

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CHILL’D-Out: A Heat and Health Risk Factor Screening Questionnaire

CHILL’D OUT. Use this questionnaire with your patients to assess risk factors for health harms from heat or poor air quality. Then, create a Heat Action Plan with your patient. If there is limited time, cover the bolded questions.

• Does your patient have working air conditioning?
• Can they check and control indoor temperatures where they live?
• Do they have an electric fan?
• Do they know how to locate a cooling center if needed?
• Does your patient have stable housing?
• Do they live on a higher floor of a multi-story building where they may be exposed to more heat?
• Are they regularly exposed to indoor air pollutants such as secondhand smoke or mold?
• Do they have a portable air purifier or a filter in their HVAC system?

& mobility

• Does your patient have a neighbor, friend, or family member who can check on them during hot days?
• Does their mobility limit their ability to seek cooling in their home or elsewhere?

e L ectricity

• If heat leads to a power outage, does your patient have a plan for refrigerated medications and/or electric medical devices?
• Does your patient check the daily and hourly weather forecast to know the hottest time of the day? Can they access the HeatRisk tool?
• Where does your patient get information about how to protect their health from heat? What measures do they take to do so?
• Does your patient take medications that increase risk from heat exposure?
• How much time does your patient spend outdoors on hot days for work, sports, or recreation?
• Are they exposed to outdoor air pollution at home, work, or elsewhere, such as a major roadway, construction site, industrial facility, or frequent wildfire smoke?
• Do they have allergies to grass, weeds, and tree pollens?

Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy

• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
• Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
• You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.
• CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.