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Mind the gap.

What happens on a travel trip- stays on a travel trip. When traveling or being on vacation rules feel loose, consequences far away and a conscious resource use doesn’t feel as important anymore. In relation to tourism Dolnicar and Leisch (2008) highlight in their study that customers feel more morally obliged in their home environment to act environmental friendly than when being on vacation.

Research Summary

Belk, Devinney and Eckhardt (2005) explain that a gap between stated intentions and actual behaviour is common to exist throughout industries. A so called green gap is visualised by a study conducted by Bennet and Williams (2011) in the United States of America. Results show that 82% of the interviewed individuals have “good green intentions”, only 16%, however, dedicate their actions to fulfil them.  Tourism actors need to mind the gap.

Which practical reasons can be identified for this gap?

• Green purchasing options may require a behaviour which is too costly in a financial, social and practical manner (Mahoney, 2011; Gleim & Lawson, 2014; Barbarossa & Pastore, 2015).  
• The supply side does not enable customers to continue their environmentally friendly behaviour during their stay in a tourist destination (Dolnicar & Leisch, 2008).  
• A poor perception of the green options’ quality may hinder a purchase (Gleim & Lawson, 2014).  
• Greenwashing actions harm the consumers’ trust and increase fear of mistakenly purchasing not green options (Kangun, Carlson & Grove, 1991; Gleim & Lawson, 2014). As a result customers will not buy green options at all, as they trust the known “normal product”.  
• The low availability of green products and services limit the customers’ possibilities to choose green options (Barbarossa & Pastore, 2015).  
• Consumers’ lack of knowledge in regard to consumer effectiveness, while choosing green options, enhances the gap further as consumers wonder what difference they are able to make on their own (Gleim & Lawson, 2014).

Do you already have some ideas on how to address the gap within your context? Perfect! Make sure to implement your ideas in your operations and let us know about the progress. Simultaneously, we are working on providing further ideas on how to continuously narrow the gap. Stay tuned.

References:

• Barbarossa, C., Pastore, A. (2015). Why envionmentally conscious consumers do not purchase green products. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 18 (2), 188-209.
• Belk, R.W., Devinney, T., Eckhardt, G. (2005). Consumer ethics across cultures. Consumption Markets & Culture, 8 (3), 275-289.
• Bennett, G., Williams, F. (2011). Mainstream Green: Moving sustainability from niche to normal. The Red Papers. No. 4, Ogilvy & Mather.
• Dolnicar, S., Leisch, F. (2008). An investigation of tourists’ patterns of obligation to protect the environment. Journal of Travel Research, 46 (4), 381-391.
• Gleim, M., Lawson, S., J. (2014). Spanning the gap: an examination of the factors leading to the green gap. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 31 (6/7), 503-514.
• Kangun, N., Carlson, L., Grove, S. J. (1991). Environmental advertising claims: a preliminary investigation. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 10 (2), 47-58.
• Mahoney, S. (2011), Study: green gap is bigger than ever, Retrieved from www.mediapost.com/publications/article/148938/study-green-gap-is-bigger-than- ever.html, viewed 16.02.2020.

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Tourism in the City pp 51–66 Cite as

Mind the Gap: Reconceptualising Inclusive Development in Support of Integrated Urban Planning and Tourism Development

• Lauren Uğur 3  
• First Online: 30 August 2016

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This chapter proposes a model of integrated access in the promotion of an integrated agenda for urban planning and urban tourism development. The underlying assertion of the conceptual framework presented is that sustainable urban tourism development is reliant on inclusive development that works to balance the needs of both visitors and locals in the production of urban tourisms. The core challenge in achieving an integrated approach lies in the identified disconnect between existing tourism development and urban planning practices. In addressing this challenge, a reconceptualisation of inclusive tourism development is offered, which focuses on the promotion of integrated access across economic, spatial and institutional spheres.

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Uğur, L. (2017). Mind the Gap: Reconceptualising Inclusive Development in Support of Integrated Urban Planning and Tourism Development. In: Bellini, N., Pasquinelli, C. (eds) Tourism in the City . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26877-4_3

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AM 21: Mind the gap in tourism discourse: traduzione, mediazione, inclusione Sommario

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MEMBERS of the public anxious to make submissions or observations on how the scenic Gap of Dunloe should be managed going forward have eight weeks left to do so.

Kerry County Council is undertaking a broad public consultation over the coming months to seek the observations, views and suggestions of members of the public and stakeholders about how the Gap of Dunloe area should be overseen from many perspectives, including tourism, transport, access and the environment.

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Travel and tourism industry accounted for around 6% of India's GDP in 2022. The country has therefore been focusing on boosting tourism.

Bulbul Dhawan

The Skift India Newsletter is your go-to platform for all news related to travel, tourism, airlines, and hospitality in India.

The travel and tourism industry in India is projected to generate revenue of nearly $24 billion in 2024, according to industry promotions body India Brand Equity Foundation. At an estimated annual growth rate of 9.6% between 2024 and 2028, the industry is also expected to reach a market volume of $34.25 billion by 2028. 

Revenue trend in India: In 2023, the tourism industry recorded a revenue of about $20 billion, according to Statista . Hotels accounted for the largest share of revenue last year. This year, however, this is expected to shift and package holidays are likely to be the biggest revenue generator in 2024. According to an ANI report , package holidays market is expected to reach 65 million travelers by 2028. 

India’s efforts to boost tourism: The country has been focusing on boosting tourism, and has announced 100% foreign direct investment in tourism-related ventures in order to facilitate growth of the sector. Efforts are also being made to preserve heritage sites in India while creating quality tourism infrastructure to enhance visitor experience. 

The road, rail, and air transportation infrastructure is also being improved. New highways, indigenous superfast trains , and regional airports are being concurrently developed across the country to make travel more convenient and inland destinations more accessible.

Radisson Opens First Hotel in Odisha

Radisson Hotel Group has announced the opening of Pramod Lands End Resort, a member of Radisson Individuals in Gopalpur, Odisha. The 100-room resort marks the group’s entry into Odisha. Radisson’s newly appointed area senior vice president for South Asia Nikhil Sharma said that Gopalpur has untapped tourism potential, and the company’s move to open a property in the location is part of its focus on tier 2 and 3 cities in India. 

Radisson has more than 160 operational and developing hotels, with over 50% of its portfolio located in tier 2 and 3 markets. In 2023, the company signed 21 properties , and is especially focusing on key spiritual destinations and inland locations to gain from the first-mover advantage. 

Fly91 Expands Network to Agatti, Jalgaon

India’s newest airline Fly91 is set to add two more destinations to its network this week, taking its operations to six destinations. Starting Thursday, the airline will fly between Goa and Agatti, Lakshadweep. It will also commence flights between Goa, Jalgaon and Hyderabad on April 18. 

The budget airline commenced its operations last month and is currently flying between four destinations. It aims to enhance regional connectivity in India and has plans to expand its network to 50 cities over the next five years. For this, the airline is planning to induct 30 aircraft to its fleet. 

ITC Hotels Open Storii Solan in Himachal Pradesh

ITC Hotels has announced the opening of Storii by ITC Hotels, The Kaba Retreat, Solan in Himachal Pradesh. The boutique property currently has 22 rooms and suites, with six cottages to open soon. 

Storii by ITC Hotels serves experiential travelers. The company is focusing on expanding the brand as CEO Anil Chadha believes that it is quickly becoming a preferred brand in the segment. With the addition of the Solan property, four hotels are operational under the brand. More Storii hotels are set to come up in Kolkata, Rishikesh, Manali, Prayagraj, and Kufri as it is aiming to enhance its presence in leisure destinations.

Delhi Airport’s Conversion of Terminal T2 to All-International Delayed Till Next Year

The conversion of Delhi airport’s terminal T2 into an all-international terminal is delayed till April 2025, according to a Times of India report . The airport has three terminals of which T1 and T2 are fully domestic, while T3 handles domestic as well as international traffic. With T1 undergoing an expansion to double its capacity to 40 million passengers, the airport operators decided to convert T2 into an all-international terminal temporarily to better handle international traffic.

The initial plan was to begin the conversion of the terminal in July or August this year , after the expansion of domestic terminal T1 becomes operational in June. This would close T2 for a few months. However, the authorities have now decided to postpone the conversion work until after winter, as they want all terminals to be operational during the season. This is to avoid a repeat of winter last year when a key low-visibility runway was shut for repairs during the foggy season and led to delays. 

EaseMyTrip Subsidiary Opens Hotel in McLeod Ganj

Spree Hospitality, a subsidiary of online travel company EaseMyTrip, has announced the opening of ZiP By Spree Hotels Bella Heights in McLeod Ganj, Himachal Pradesh. The boutique property is a part of Spree Hospitality’s portfolio of more than 30 hotels. 

The company focuses on boutique and mid-market segments, while operating full-service properties across India. It was acquired by EaseMyTrip in 2021. 

Skift India Report

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Tags: air traffic , air travel , airline , airlines , airport , aviation industry , aviation news , boutique hotels , delhi airport , easemytrip , hotels , india , india travel , itc hotels , online travel , online travel companies , radisson , radisson hotel group , revenue , skift india report , tourism , travel and tourism

Photo credit: In 2023, the tourism industry recorded a revenue of about $20 billion. Pixabay

THE 10 BEST Moscow Architectural Buildings

Architectural buildings in moscow.

• Architectural Buildings
• Points of Interest & Landmarks
• Monuments & Statues
• Historic Sites
• 5.0 of 5 bubbles
• 4.0 of 5 bubbles & up
• 3.0 of 5 bubbles & up
• 2.0 of 5 bubbles & up
• 3rd Transport Ring (TTK)
• District Central (TsAO)
• Garden Ring
• Boulevard Ring
• Good for a Rainy Day
• Budget-friendly
• Good for Big Groups
• Good for Kids
• Good for Couples
• Honeymoon spot
• Hidden Gems
• Good for Adrenaline Seekers
• Adventurous
• Things to do ranked using Tripadvisor data including reviews, ratings, photos, and popularity.

1. Moscow Metro

2. Bolshoi Theatre

4. The Exhibition of Achievements of National Economy (VDNKh)

5. Kremlin Walls and Towers

6. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MGU)

7. Ostankino TV Tower

8. Our Lady of Smolensk Novodevichy Convent

9. Lenin's Mausoleum

10. Donskoi Monastery

11. Moscow International House of Music

12. Grand Kremlin Palace

13. Maly Theatre, Bolshaya Ordynka

14. Andronikov Monastery

15. Chekhov Art Theater

16. Peter's Palace in Moscow

17. Kremlin in Izmailovo

18. Moscow Cathedral Mosque

19. Yeliseyevskiy

20. Hotel Ukraine

21. Crimean Bridge (Krymsky Most)

22. House of Friendship With Peoples of Foreign Countries (A.A. Morozov's mansion)

23. Pavilion Armenia

24. Manezh Central Exhibition Hall

25. Conception Convent

26. Kamergerskiy Lane

27. St. Daniel Monastery

28. Severnyi Rechnoi Vokzal

29. Government of Moscow

30. Pavilion Ukraine

What travelers are saying.

• Moscow Metro
• Bolshoi Theatre
• Donskoi Monastery
• Lomonosov Moscow State University (MGU)
• Kremlin Walls and Towers
• The Exhibition of Achievements of National Economy (VDNKh)
• Ostankino TV Tower
• Peter's Palace in Moscow
• Andronikov Monastery

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April 17, 2024

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Mind the gender gap: Study finds London police least trusted by women

by Taylor & Francis

Across all England's regions, a study appearing in the journal Policing & Society spotlights London's Metropolitan Police as the area where women trust the least.

Researchers surveyed more than 8,000 men and women between July 2022 and September 2023 and found that women generally trust police more than men. But among the nine English regions surveyed, compared with men, women's trust is at its lowest in London.

It comes after a 2023 investigation triggered by outrage at the rape, abduction and murder of Sarah Everard by a serving officer, uncovered hundreds of other incidents of violence against women by serving Metropolitan Police Officers.

"Baroness Louise Casey ran an investigation into the Met, and she issued a scathing report, saying drastic action was needed," said Brunel University London Honorary Professor, Steven Pickering. "But our research suggests that public trust in the Met is even lower than Baroness Casey found. This is especially pronounced among women and ethnic minorities."

Trust in the police is crucial for a stable society, but it's not the same for everyone. Some feel safer than others depending on factors like age, race, income, politics and past brushes with the law. Older people have higher levels of trust in the police, researchers found, while ethnic minority people have significantly lower levels of trust. And people from ethnic minorities living in the North East trust police markedly less than anywhere else in England.

Countrywide, average levels of trust in the police were highest in the East Midlands, South East and South West and lowest in London, the North East and North West. Conservative voters and people living in Tory constituencies also have significantly higher levels of trust than non-Conservatives.

Baroness Casey's report highlights poor recruitment, vetting and management in the Met, and researchers think they might have had a different result if they'd done the same study a decade earlier.

"Regrettably, events involving women and the Metropolitan Police, especially the murder of Sarah Everard, the overreaction by the police on vigils related to this and numerous other negative events ," they note, are crucial in considering trust in the police.

While the Met says itself that its vision is "to be the most trusted police service in the world," in 2023, more than 1,000 Met officers were suspended or on restricted duties for allegations including violence against women and girls, sexual violence and domestic violence, according to figures from the BBC.

"Our findings suggest that the task ahead of the Met police is monumental," said Prof Pickering, a political scientist. "Some of the factors are national problems, such as the lower trust among people with an ethnic minority background, while other factors are an issue for the Met alone, such as the clear problem for the Met in re-establishing trust among women."

The study goes on to question whether Met leaders and the Mayor of London accept that the force has a problem with women.

"Overall, our results suggest that there is significant work ahead for police forces generally in England with regards to restoring trust in the police among ethnic minority citizens and in London especially also among women ."

Provided by Taylor & Francis

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Why Do Elections in India Take So Long?

The election is a giant undertaking that requires millions of poll workers, voting machines and security forces to cover deserts, mountains, forests and megacities.

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By John Yoon and Hari Kumar

When Indians start heading to the polls on Friday, it will be just the beginning of a colossal democratic process. Not until June 4, after six weeks of voting, will India know whether its powerful prime minister, Narendra Modi, will remain in office for a third term.

Why does it all take so long? The short answer: India is the world’s most populous nation , with 969 million eligible voters. That’s more than one-tenth of the world’s population, or about four times the number of eligible voters in the next largest democracy, the United States.

The longer answer involves India’s geography, election rules, security apparatus, holidays and electronic voting machines — a complicated choreography for a big, complicated nation.

India is mind-bogglingly large.

India’s first national parliamentary elections, from 1951 to 1952, lasted over 120 days. In 1977, they took five days. But, generally, they have taken weeks or months, even without primary elections, because of their sheer scale.

The country has a land area of more than a million square miles, with people in megacities , scattered throughout the Himalayas , in the Thar Desert , inside forests and along the Ganges .

India’s laws also state that voters can’t be required to travel more than 2 kilometers, or 1.2 miles, from their home to get to a polling station. To make that possible, 12 million election workers will traverse the country to set up polling stations this year, sometimes by foot, bicycle, helicopter or boat — or even by horse, camel or elephant.

Some of those trips can take days. In 2019, the country’s highest polling station was more than 15,000 feet above sea level in the Spiti Valley of the Himalayas. In 2009, a team of five trekked deep into the Gir Forest in Gujarat, in India’s west, to reach the lone inhabitant of a remote Hindu temple.

“It is an honor, it really is,” the priest, Bharatdas Darshandas, told reporters after the election that year. “It proves how India values its democracy.”

Security forces preserve order.

In the early years of India’s democracy, clashes between supporters of rival parties turned deadly. Candidates were kidnapped. Local police officers, failing to maintain order, were accused of taking sides under pressure from the ruling politicians. So, starting in the 1990s, national paramilitary forces began to be deployed on a large scale in elections.

India is deploying over 300,000 members of its federal security forces to help transport voting machines and maintain peace at voting booths this year. Because they can’t cover the entire nation at once, elections are split into multiple stages. In each stage, the soldiers shift from one region to another.

These safety precautions prolong elections that would otherwise take a few days, said Vikram Singh, the former police chief of India’s largest state, Uttar Pradesh, who had supervised security forces in past elections. But he said voters were safer because of them.

Violence is infrequent at polling stations today. The presence of soldiers there also instills confidence in the election results.

While having multiple stages has prevented violent outbreaks, it has also prompted criticism that it makes the election process take too long. S. Y. Quraishi , a former chief election commissioner, said in an interview that the gaps between the phases had given more time for rumors and disinformation to spread.

Voting is scheduled around holidays and festivals.

When the Election Commission of India schedules votes, it tries to avoid India’s various public holidays and religious festivals. Harvest season, the academic calendar, exam schedules and the weather are also considered.

The careful planning has helped achieve high voter turnout. In 2019, 67 percent of the electorate voted in the national election, the highest participation rate in the country’s history.

One holiday during this election is Mahavir Jayanti, on April 21, one of the most important festivals in Jainism, a religion of some six million people in India. Another is Buddha’s birthday, May 23, when monks will carry sacred relics of Buddha on chariots, and people will decorate their homes with flowers and donate to those in need.

With nearly a billion voters, India needs millions of machines.

Electronic voting machines became a standard in all of India’s national elections in 2004. They have made voting simpler for millions of people, particularly in India’s teeming cities, where the busiest polling stations can serve up to 12,000 people on the voting day.

The machines were built to be more portable and lighter than traditional ballot boxes. But they must be transported to wherever the polling stations are set up. Each machine consists of a “control unit” that tallies and stores votes; “balloting units” with buttons that voters press; and a printer that creates a paper trail.

They also come with special carrying cases that make them easy to pack. Workers follow elaborate safeguards to transport them around the country.

Thanks to these machines, once the voting is over, the counting goes fast.

John Yoon is a Times reporter based in Seoul who covers breaking and trending news. More about John Yoon

Hari Kumar covers India, based out of New Delhi. He has been a journalist for more than two decades. More about Hari Kumar